Vol. - 6, 2019UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN: 2455-4375 Chief Editor: Prof. Anil G. Dodewar

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From the Editor's Desk

As all the well-wishers and contributors to UPA Online E-Journal are well aware of the fact that it is our practice to take up a burning or current issue and invite the scholarly articles from the academicians on it. We are very happy to share this fact that for this issue we have taken up the burning issue of Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concerns. we hope the scholars and academicians will hopefully receive this volume with a positive attitude and reciprocate with some concrete and constructive suggestions, if any, to make this ventures more qualitative and effective in future.

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 1 Vol. - 6, 2019UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN: 2455-4375 All the scholarly research papers in the present issue based on the pension policies of the government and are absolutely confined to the theme. I am very sure that all the readers seeking restoration of old pension scheme will be benefited by these scholarly contributions on the theme. We would like to remain indebted to all the academicians and scholars who have contributed whole heartedly to this issue. Our special thanks are due to the members of Peer-Reviewed committeefor editing all the papers in the stipulated time-frame. At the same time, sincere efforts would also be taken to live up to the expectations of the academic world. We are fully convinced that the papers herein are of great value to the academicians, researchers and especially to those who are seeking restoration of old pension scheme. We therefore feel proud of having the honour to edit this volume.

Prof. Anil G. Dodewar (Chief Editor, UPA Interdisciplinary e-journal)

Peer Review Board

Dr. Anup Gumble Dr. Subhash Girde

Dr. Arti Padole Dr. Anant Rindhe

Prof. Gajanan Raut Dr. Ramnik Lengure

Prof. Ishwar Wagh Prof. Amol Mendhe

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Vol. - 6, 2019UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN: 2455-4375

CONTENT Sr. Name of Research Scholar Title of Research Paper Page No. No. Advantages and Disadvantages of National 1 Dr. Amar Sote 5 Pension Scheme (NPS) Old Pension Scheme and New Pension 2 Prof. Amol Kutemate 10 System (NPS): A comparative study 3 Prof. Ashutosh Popate Old Pension Scheme: Fight for Security 13

4 Dr. Bhagyashree Gawate A Pensions Crisis? 17 Dr. Darakshan Khan Pension Scheme for Government 5 19 Prof. Durga Pali Employees; Issues and concern Old Pension Scheme (OPS) restoration: An 6 Dr. Jitendra Gandhi 23 urgent need in 7 Prof. Manohar Kolhe Pension Reforms in India 26

8 Dr. Mrunali Lilhare India Benefits of Risk-Sharing 31 Old Pension Scheme vs New Pension 9 Prof. Nishita Ambade 35 Scheme 10 Dr. Pravin Patil Pension System 42 Defference Between GPF and NPS Pension 11 Prof. Punyashil Tembhurne 48 Scheme New Pension System: Problems And 12 Dr. Rajesh Sonkusare 51 Challenges Pension Reforms In Developing Countries: 13 Prof. Sachin Chourasia 55 Trends, Issues And Impacts Issues Regarding Pension Scheme in India: 14 Prof. Satyanarayan Nagre 63 An Analysis between NPS and Old Scheme Reality of the Pensioners Reflected in the 15 Prof. Shitalbabu Tayade W. B. Yeats’s ‘The Lamentation of the Old 67 Pensioner’ Pension Scheme for Government 16 Dr. Waman Jawanjal 71 Employees: Issues & Concerns National Pension Scheme And Old Pension 17 Prof. Anil Dodewar 87 Scheme 18 Mr. Vinod M. Kukade Pension Scheme And Social Security 96 Requirement of Pension Scheme For 19 Dr. Ram P. Savanekar 99 Secure Life 20 ा. सधु ाकरमाटे पशनयोजनाआिणसामािजकसरु ा 103 21 डॉ. िवाभैसारे जनु ीपशनयोजनाआिणनवीनपशनयोजनािवषयीिवचारमंथन 109 22 ा. िवलासवानखेडे पशनयोजनावसामािजकसरु ा 112 23 डॉ. ए. एम. लाटे नवीनपशनयोजना : एकमगृ जळ 114

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Vol. - 6, 2019UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN: 2455-4375

24 डॉ. अनरु ाधाखाडे जनु ीपशनयोजनाआिणनवीनपशनयोजनेमधीलतफावत 116 25 ा. अचनाखंडागळे िनवृ ीवेतनयोजनाआिणसामािजकसरु ा 118 26 डॉ. आतीकमंुगमोडे वतमानअंशदायीयोजनावकमचारी 124 27 डॉ. भीमरावउबाळे िनवृ ीवेतनयोजनाआिणसामािजकसरु ितता : एकिचंतन 128 28 ा. देवमनउंबरकर सरकारीकमाया-यांसाठीपेशनयोजना : समयाआिणिचंता. 131 29 ा. गणेशकापसे Old Pension Schemeof1982 -1984 146 30 ा. गणेशकु मारपेठकर जनु ीपशनयोजनािवदनवीनपशनयोजना 151 31 डॉ. मारोतीतेगमपरु े पेशनहणजअे िधदान – अनदु ाननहे 155 32 डॉ. निलनीबोरकर राीयपशनयोजना(NPS) : समयावआहान 162 33 डॉ. राजशे िचमणकर िनवृ ीवेतनयोजना : कालआजआिणउा 166 34 डॉ. पौिणम ारहागं डाले नयीऔरपरु ाणीपशनयवथा 171 35 ा. ही. बी. चादं जकर राीयपशननालीके लाभऔरसरु ा 174 36 डॉ. ममतासाह नयीपशन – सरकारीकमचारीकदुदशा 178 37 डॉ. वीणचं िगरीवार परु ाणीपेशनयोजनाएवमनयीपशनयोजनामीअतर 181 38 डॉ. भारती गोवामी पेशन योजना आिण सामािजक सुरितता 185 39 डॉ. रमिणक लेनगरु े पेशन एक अिधकार : ऐितहािसक अययन 189 40 डॉ. पु षोम जनु े िनवृ ी वेतनाची सैांितक भूिमका 193 शासकय कमचा-यांसाठी वेतन योजना : समया व 41 डॉ. साधना वाघाडे 200 िचंता 42 डॉ. उमावती पवार पेशन योजना आिण सामािजक सुरा 204 43 डॉ. वंदना जामकर पुराणी पेशन योजना : वतमान समय क मांग 207 44 डॉ. माधरु ी दवे तळे नवीन पेशन योजना : कमचा-यांपधु ील व आहाने 210 45 ा. सारका पाटील नवीन अंशदान िनवृ ी वेतन योजना… 216 46 डॉ. अपना वै राीय पेशन योजना 220 जनु ी पेशन योजना आिण नवीन पेशन योजना : िचिकसक 47 ा. पराग बंसोले 223 अयास Dr. Ashish Thanekar 48 Pension Scheme and Social Security 228 Dr. Satish Mahalle 49 Prof. Parimal Dongre Pension and Security 236

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF NATIONAL PENSION SCHEME (NPS)

Dr. Amar M. Sote Assistant Professor, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Arvi. amar_sote@ rediffmail.com

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Abstract : National Pension Scheme (NPS) is one of the Government social security initiatives which aim to provide financial cover to the individuals post retirement. The scheme is being widely promoted by the Government and even Corporate Houses are encouraged to avail the scheme so that employees working in private sector are also benefited from the same. The National Pension Scheme (NPS) is hailed as one of the cheapest and citizen friendly scheme while Personal Finance experts are terming it as an ordinary retirement benefit plan. However, in my opinion it is a well brought up retirement plan, and like any other financial product it too has its own shares of advantages and limitations. In this paper I will try to focus on these potential advantages and disadvantages of NPS.

Keywords: NPS, Investment, Annuity ------

Introduction : Fifty years ago, people believed in lifetime employment. The thinking was that if we went to work for a major corporation, nonprofit institution, or government agency, we would stay there until our retirement. The concept of lifetime employment meant that a single worker would have one employer over his lifetime. Whether or not this thinking was valid then, it certainly is not valid now. A pension is a retirement savings plan that is tied in with employer. During our working life, we and our employer contribute to a pension plan. After our retirement the pension plan pays us either a lump-sum benefit or an annuity.

New Pension System is a voluntary contribution of funds for a sustained period of time (till the age of 60years) to enable him to draw pension after he attains 60 years of age. The Scheme has been introduced by the and monitored by the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority. It is basically for people who do not have the benefit of pension after retirement from service. The scheme gives an opportunity to the subscriber to build up his pension fund over a long period so that after retirement he can draw pension for his sustenance.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 The Government of India established Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) on 10th October, 2003. Its purpose is to develop and regulate pension sector in the country. The (NPS), launched on 1st January 2004, provides retirement income to all citizens. It hopes to encourage citizens to develop the habit of saving for retirement. Initially, NPS was introduced for the new government recruits (except armed forces).

Since 1st May 2009, NPS has been provided for all citizens of the country including the unorganised sector workers. Citizens can now seek to enroll in the NPS on a voluntary basis. The Central government also introduced the “Swavalamban Scheme” to encourage people from the unorganised sector to voluntarily save for their retirement. NPS allots the subscriber a unique Permanent Retirement Account Number (PRAN). This unique account number will remain the same for the rest of subscriber's life.

In next section of the paper I focus on some advantages and disadvantages of National Pension Scheme and lastly I conclude the paper.

1. The Advantages of Investing in National Pension Scheme (NPS):

Low Cost Pension Plan/Ease of Investing: National Pension Scheme is a low cost retirement benefit plan. Thus, Individuals with limited fund may also chose to invest in the fund. The minimum contribution to the Scheme is Rs 1,000/- per annum. The fund management fee is levied at just 0.1%.

Investment in NPS is simple and contribution may be made online and Subscriber may easily monitor the performance through the e-NPS portal.

Tax Deduction Available on Investment: Contribution upto Rs 50,000/- made towards your NPS account is eligible for Tax Deduction U/S 80 CCD (1B), which is up and over the deduction of Rs 1,50,000/- available U/S 80C. So individuals who are looking for additional tax saving options may also look to invest in Scheme.

Partial Tax Exemption on Withdrawal at the time of Retirement: As announced during the Budget 2016, upto 40% of the fund withdrawal at the time of retirement is exempted from tax. Earlier, the entire withdrawal amount was taxable. Thus partial tax exemption is not ideal but better than nothing at least. This implies if 60% of the fund is annuitized then no tax will be required to be paid on the balance withdrawals.

Mandatory Investment in Annuity Scheme: Referred as drawback by many, Individuals have to mandatorily invest 40% of the fund to purchase pension annuity. If you look at it with investment perspective it is a bad idea to invest in Annuity plans as they are not tax efficient and returns are also pretty low. However, do understand this is a social security scheme and aims to provide a pension to the retired so

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 that they can sustain themselves. Therefore, I guess this rider is in place to make sure the funds are not ill utilized or spent entirely to meet some other purpose. In this regard, I feel this mandatory purchase of annuity is good although the annuity payout is quite low.

Diversification of Funds: Investment in NPS is diversified into 3 classes of funds, namely Equity (E), Fixed Return Instruments (C), Government Bonds (G). Individuals have the option to chose the allocation of funds based on their preference and appetite to take risk. However, Investment in equities is restricted to 50% of the contribution.Thus, it ensures that Individuals benefit from the equity market. At the same time, allocation to Government and Fixed Return instruments ensure that in case of equity market under performing Subscribers don’t lose out heavily on their investment.

Low Cost Investment: This is one of the Low Cost investment options available to the Subscribers and is one of the key selling points of the scheme. But the charges may soon go up as Fund Managers are demanding higher fee to actively manage the funds. Subscribers are required to invest minimum of Rs 6,000/- annually in the scheme.

Professional Management of Funds: The fund is currently managed by notable Fund Managers which promises optimization of funds to ensure better returns to the Subscribers, which may not be possible for Individuals to achieve at a personal level.

However, everything is not perfect with the National Pension Scheme and there are few aspects of the funds which one should know and evaluate before investing.

The Disadvantages of Investing in National Pension Scheme (NPS):

Limited Exposure to Equities: It is observed that equity market offers better return over a longer period of time which is generally higher as compared to other fixed return instruments. Fund Allocation to Equities has been restricted to maximum of 75% of your investment (Under Life Cycle Fund). This may not be an big issue with short term investors but for young individuals in their 20’s-30’s this means potential loss of opportunity to accumulate more wealth through maximum exposure to Equity Market.

Restriction on Withdrawal: One of the major drawbacks considered by many is the restriction imposed on withdrawal of your contribution. Only 25% of the total investment may be withdrawn at any point after completion of 10 years active subscription also discourages many to invest in the scheme. Moreover, if the entire investment is withdrawn before the age of 60, then 80% of the fund is to be used up buying an annuity plan which makes it unviable plan for many individuals.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 Annuity Payout Taxable: Although 60% of the withdrawal is exempted from tax, but the annuity is taxable as per the Income Tax Act. As the fund used to purchase an annuity carries a deferred tax liability on the same, meaning, that tax will be applicable on the Annuity payout received by an individual.

Low Returns on Annuity Plans: Minimum of 40% of the maturity amount needs to be vested in Annuity Plans which will provide you with monthly pension. However, the Annuity plans offer very poor returns on investment and are not at all tax efficient. Thus, one ends up with poor returns on the vested amount.

Better Alternatives Available: Mutual Funds are offering better Retirement benefit as compared to NPS with regard to better returns, tax efficiency and flexibility making them lucrative alternative for investment. Individuals may explore those options before investing in NPS.

Return on Investment Not Guaranteed: The investment in this scheme does not guarantee any minimum or fixed return as of now as it is subject to fund performance over a period of time. Hence, Individuals cannot be sure of the return on the investment and have to observe the fund performance regularly. This again means one has to keep an eye on market trends which will reflect in the performance of the funds as well.

Should One Invest in National Pension Scheme: Most of the personal finance experts do not approve of this scheme and I’m also not a great fan of this scheme. However, I would recommend this scheme to the individuals provided; they are able to diversify funds among NPS, Equity Mutual Funds, Public Provident Fund (PPF) and other Retirement Mutual Funds. As it will help them to enjoy tax benefits and strikes a good balance between wealth maximization and security.

Conclusion: National Pension Scheme is a government-promoted financial instrument developed to provide social security after retirement. It is administered by the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) and addresses the retirement needs of even employees in the unorganized sector. In NPS there are some advantages like tax deduction available on investment, mandatory investment in annuity scheme, partial tax exemption on withdrawal at the time of retirement, diversification of funds. But more than that there are lot of disadvantages of NPS like limited exposure to equities, restriction on withdrawal, portion of withdrawal and annuity payout taxable, low returns on annuity plans, return on investment not guaranteed In its present form, is under the Exempt Exempt Tax (EET) government. The initial two stages are exempt from tax, but on withdrawal, the beneficiary will be taxed. This seems to be a big disadvantage of NPS. Investors have to pay tax at this stage and then annuity or pension is also taxable.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 References :

• Bhaduri, S. N. (2002). Determinants of Corporate Borrowing: Some Evidence from the Indian Corporate Structure. Journal of Economics and Finance, 26(2), 200. • Bungin, B. (2003). Qualitative Research Data Analysis, Understanding of Philosophical and Methodological to the Direction Control Model Application. Jakarta: PT. King Grafindo Persada • Clark, G. L. (2004). Pension fund governance 2: Asymmetrical in formation and regimes of regulation. Working Paper(revised). Oxford: School of Geography and Environment, Oxford University. • Cooper, D. J. (2006). Critical Theorizing in Strategic Management Accounting Reserach. The Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council and The Certified General Accountants of Alberta Wales. • Cooper, D. J., & Sherer, M. J. (1984). The Value of Corporate Accounting Reports: Argument for a Political Economic of Accounting. Accounting Organization and Society, 9(3/4), 207-232. • Denzin, N. K., & Lincon, Y. S. (1988). The Lanscape of Qualitative Research: Theories and Issues. London: Sage Publications. • Emmerson, C. (2003). Pension reform in the United Kingdom: Increasing the role of private provision? In G. L. • Clarkand & N. Whiteside (Eds.), Pension Security in the 21st Century (pp. 168-192.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. • Hoogvelt, A., & Tinker, A. M. (1978). The Role of Colonial and Post Colonial States in Imperialism- a Case Study of the Sierra Leone Development Company. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 16(1), 67-79. • Info Dana Pensiun. (2013). Directions Economy Indonesia 2014 Pension Fund Info Magazine, Issue 51.November-December 2013. • Irianto, G. (2006). Dilemma “Profit” and the Political Economy Framework Theory of Accounting (PEA). TEMA, 7(2), 141-153. • Munnell, A. (2003). Restructuring pensions for the 21st century: The United States Social Security debate. In G. • L. Clarkand & N. Whiteside (Eds.), Pension Security in the 21st Century (pp. 193-224). Oxford: Oxford University Press. • Muralidhar, A. (2001). Innovations in Pension Fund Management. Stanford: Stanford University Press. • Neimark, M., & Tinker, T. (1986). The Social Construction of Management Control System, Accounting. Organization and Society, 11(4), 369-395. • OJK. (2013). Directory statistics 2012 and 2013 Non Bank Financial Industry Pension Fund. Jakarta. • Riduwan, A. (2010). Semiotics Profit Accounting: Study of Critical-posmodernis Derridean. Journal of Accounting and Finance Indonesia, 7(1), 38-60. • Riza. Y. (2003). Effect of Distributive Justice, Procedural Justice, Commitment to aim and motivation against the Managerial Performance Budgeting. National Symposium Accounting, 707- 719. • Sutopo, H. B. (2002). Qualitative Research Methodology. Surakarta: Eleven March University Press.

• Tinker, T. (1980). Towards a political economic of accounting: An empirical illustration of the Cambridge

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 OLD PENSION SCHEME AND NEW PENSION SYSTEM (NPS) : A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Amol J. Kutemate Department of English, Sardar Patel Mahavidyalaya, Chandrapur.

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Abstract: Pension is the fundamental right of every employee. After the retirement from the service, every employee is expected to get a guaranteed and lifelong income for survival. Pension is an essential income not only for survival but to maintain the standard of life, when the employee is not in a position to work. In India, a New Pension System (NPS) has been introduced for newly recruited central government employees by the Government of India in 2004 replacing the old pension scheme. The same scheme has been adopted by most of the state governments in their states. Initially this transition from one pension scheme to another was not a matter of concern for the employees, but in the course of time, as the number of employees increase in the central and state services and become aware of the system and structure of the NPS, a growing discontent is seen at the pan India level. This paper attempts to make a comparative study of old and New Pension System (NPS) for government employees from the perspective of social security.

Key words: Pension, Social security, Old pension scheme and New pension System

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Introduction : According to Cambridge dictionary, pension means “an amount of money paid regularly by the government or a private company to a person who does not work anymore because they are too old or have become ill.” The increasing life expectancy and the gradual disappearance of the joint family system are the crucial reasons which make India to design a comprehensive pension system for its citizens. Citizens do not merely mean employees of any government or private establishment, but also who contribute something as per his or her ability for the development of the nation during the productive years of life, like housewives, domestic workersetc. So, in the old age of the citizens, it is the responsibility of the government to provide social and financial security to them. But, in a current scenario, marked by low and insufficient pension coverage.

Indian working class can be divided into two sectors- organised and unorganised. In the unorganised sector, pension has been a neglected phenomenon so far. In the current decade, some pension schemes like Swavlamban Yojana, Atal Pension Yojana and recently Pradhan Mantri Shramyogi Mandhan has been introduced by the central government. These Schemes are contributory in nature. An employee has to contribute a specific amount in the scheme every month up to the age of sixty in order to get fixed National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 10

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 guaranteed monthly pension. The main objective of these schemes is to make the workers in the unorganised sector, socially and financially secure by providing them a fixed amount in the form of pension. Another objective is to cultivate a habit of saving in their working days for their retired life.

In the organised sector, the National Pension System (NPS) is a new scheme, introduced by the Government of India. It provides the option to the employees to make investment decisions regarding their future and arrange their own pension for their retirement through systematic savings. NPS became operational on 1 January 2004 and was made applicable to all new employees of the central government, except the armed forces. The Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA), with effect from 1 May 2009, made NPS available to all citizens of India, on a voluntary basis. NPS is a defined contribution scheme wherein the final corpus depends upon the contribution made by subscribers and the investment returns. In December 2011, the PFRDA introduced a corporate sector model to provide NPS to employees of corporate entities of the private and public sector enterprises. This enabled the employed class in the corporate sector to avail the NPS facility through their employers.

Since the inception of NPS (earlier DCPS), replacing the old pension scheme, government employees have not been satisfied with it. There has been a rising discontent for NPS and demand for reinstating the old pension scheme among the employees. The major difference is that the old pension scheme was benefit defined whereas the NPS is a defined contributory pension scheme. In the old scheme, the benefit is fixed and predetermined. The pension of an employee is linked with his or her last drawn salary. The pension will also get adjusted for inflation with the periodic revision in dearness allowance. In this system, the entire pension amount which was fifty percent of the last drawn salary, borne by the government while fixed returns were guaranteed for employee contribution to the General Provident Fund (GPF) to employees and to their dependent family members in case of death. In case of NPS, a contribution defined scheme, an employee has to mandatorily contribute some percentage of the salary into the pension account and the same contribution has to be given by the employer. In case of government employees, government contributes the matching share. As the NPS is a market linked scheme, its returns are not guaranteed. This is the crux of the whole issue in protesting against NPS.

Every employee expects to live a life of dignity with enough social security after retirement. Social security means protecting an employee and his family against the work and health related problems during the pre and post service. Social security is a basic human right, which was recognized in the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. The Right to life, recognised as a fundamental right by Article 21 of the , implies the Right to live with human dignity. It encompasses not only the security regarding the basic human needs of food, clothing and shelter, but also health security. Social security schemes usually give priority to income security because, generally, the basic needs of the vulnerable

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 sections may be satisfied, if people have an adequate income. Apart from, life insurance and medical insurance, pension is one the integral part of social security. So, if there is no sufficient guaranteed pension to the employee and his family, which matches the inflation rate, there can not be any human dignity.

According to United Nations Population Division World's life expectancy is expected to reach 75 years by 2050 from present level of 65 years. The better health and sanitation conditions in India have increased the life span. As a result, number of post-retirement years increases. Thus, considering the rising cost of living, inflation and life expectancy provision of guaranteed pension is essential part of social security. Thus, compared with old pension scheme, the current New Pension Scheme fails to provide the social and financial benefits of the old pension scheme.

Web resources: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/pension http://ficci.in/spdocument/20675/Employer-pension.pdf https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-pension-system-retirement-plan-all https://india.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/ThematicPaper1_2.pdf

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 OLD PENSION SCHEME: FIGHT FOR SECURITY

Ashutosh Manohar Popate Rashtrasant Tukdoji College, Chimur, Dist-Chandrapur Email : [email protected]

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Abstract : In the changed world scenario social and financial security is inseparably interlinked with the dignity, honour and respect of employees. There cannot be two rules in one nation where a democratically elected government pledges to commit itself to the cause of welfare of its citizen. Denying the right is unconstitutional and the unity among the various groups of employees is desired to take back their share that they deserve most. A comparative study of the NPS with the OPS reveals the flaws existing in the NPS that is forced upon the employees after 2004, and thus thrown them on their fate to live with insecurity without assured financial support in the later stages of their life. When the human relationships are loosening and replaced by materialistic concerns, the life of employees will be difficult after retirement and so the OPS will be a boon for them, not the NPS. The upcoming election is an opportunity to make their struggle for the OPS intense.

Keywords: Changed relations, security, fight for equality, OPS and NPS.

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Introduction : The present age is the age of constant and rapid changes or shifts. These shifts are to be witnessed in a number of areas and spheres. Human relationship is, perhaps, one of the spheres which is witnessing tremendous changes and shifts. One such change is the growing popularity of nuclear family and the shrinking support to the old people in house. The life of isolation and solitude has become the lot of retired people in family. It has become so common today that newlywed people have no place at all for these old leafs. The phenomenon which arises in this context is saddening and disastrous, and the one is then forced to live life either on their own, arranging for pieces of bread, or in some shelter houses for the old people. Since there is no security provided to these people, there is always possibility of being deserted to die in starvation. The increasing cost of living in modern world has been another concern that comes to the fore as well. This is particularly the case of all the old people in India where the loosening of the family ethics ,previously cherished in the idea of celebration of the joint family, are trodden under the feet of mounting materialistic perception to the requirements and demands of the modern age. While the modern age is undeniable reality that can hardly be refuted except in some counties, which still cling to the old system, the globalization has brought not only the new culture and ethics that have been imparted unprecedented importance but also all the comforts of life that are seen moving around it. One may find it

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 very surprising when the issue of pension is associated with it. Some may even argue that there is no connection between pension and changed economic and social situation. Outwardly, it may appear proper to the irrational mind, but when one begins to reason he see the reality that is hard to digest by the government of any democratic nation. Since India is a democracy and proudly calls her a welfare state, the idea that is cherished by the makers of the constitution, pension in this contest appears more like social welfare scheme. It then becomes the duty of a democratically elected government towards its citizens whether he or she is a farmer, labourer or government or private sector employee. Pension is the fundamental right that can never be denied ,for it is the need of changed social scenario ,and more than that, it is also the right of employees, after twenty or thirty years of service, to live with dignity. When there is repudiation of such a right, the voice of protest must always be high.

The Two Rules and Two Polices in One Nation : "There is no proposal to replace the National Pension Scheme with old pension scheme in respect of Central Government employees recruited on or after January 1, 2004," Minister of State for Finance Shiv Pratap Shukla said in a written reply in the Lok Sabha. The government has typical justifications for not replacing “the National Pension Scheme (NPS) with the Old Pension Scheme.” They allege that it is a dreadful option due to ever-increasing and “unsustainable pension bill and competing claims on the economy.” Pension is denied to employees but not all the employees. In this democratic nation there are people who are getting adequate, and sometimes more than adequate financial security. We call it more than adequate because the accomplishments of Indian democracy and all the rights of welfare are seem to be restricted only to them and the others, the largest population, are thrown to live in poverty ,misery and decadence for no mistake of their own or even after years of truthful and dedicated service to the nation. Political leaders of India are self-interested individuals focus more on their own personal prosperity and as this class has been the beneficiary of all the profits of old pension scheme, they negate the similar right to the employees which is very outrageous. We do not understand the necessity of equal laws in the nation if such discrimination is vindicated under the pretext of economic load over the government. The government then emerges not as a body elected by people in a democratic way, but some autonomous and loathsome form of dictatorship. Since it is only in dictatorship that the fundamental rights of people are denied and they are left on their fate. The rulers are in no way accountable to the people. The issue of financial burden is nothing more than an excuse by the government. Just as you cannot deny the salary of employee, for it is a return of his work, just because you have financial problem or burden, in the same way, it is also insupportable to deny pension for it is also the return of his service like the salary or wages. Shedding off this obligation is certainly an exploitation of the employees. Hence the code of two rules and two policies cannot be justified in any democratic nation.

NPS and OPS: Comparative Analysis : Employees of the India’s leading government transport sector, railways, voiced their resentment over the New Pension Scheme and moaned against it on 16th November in National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 14

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 front of Union Minister Piyush Goyal. The New Pension Scheme has thrown them in such abject dearth that many years of honest service cannot help them to pay even their electricity bills. There is absolutely no exaggeration in the above case. The NPS called Nation Pension System is a new monster. It is an illusionary market based system with nothing to offer but dark insecurity. The Old Pension Scheme assurances the employees half of the last drawn salary but in the new NPS regime uncertainty becomes the destiny of employees which is dangerous exclusively in the later stages of life when he or she does not have any control over his or her body to earn bread and butter. This ambiguous future has alarmed employees of the state as well as the central government to raise voice in their right and agitate for financial security. The NPS is roughly divided into two tiers: Tier 1 and Tier 2. While the tire 2 has been deprived of any financial investment by the government, and solely contains the sum amassed from the employees, Tier 1, on the other hand, which is mandated for a fixed lock-in period, permits the government to invest its 10 per cent for government employees. Out of the total money 60 per cent can be withdrawn after retirement while the remaining 40 per cent is mandated to be invested to buy a lifelong annuity scheme through an IRDA regulated insurance company. In other words, employees cannot get the whole amount in a lump. In case of early retirement or death of employee 80 per cent of the total pension amount has to be invested in the annuity scheme. Another benefit of the NPS for the government is that it will charge tax over the 60 per cent amount that employee will have after his retirement. As mentioned earlier, the NPS is a market-based system and so there is no guarantee of any fixed return for employees after retirement. The Old Pension Scheme is a tested life security cover for many employees in which the entire pension amount is borne by the government. Among its several paybacks, it gives 50 per cent of the last drawn salary plus dearness allowances to the retiring employee and the great aspect of it is its financial security, a continuation of pension to his family. Thus in every aspect the scheme is superior to the NPS and so should be extended to the employees after January 1, 2004 and 2005.

Voices of Dissident : “We were told that our money in the market would also help avoid a 2008-like economic slowdown. How are we to trust this logic when people like Vijay Mallya and Nirav Modi run away with thousands of crores of public money? When even our pension fund managers like SBI go into massive losses?”, said Vijay Kumar, national president of the NMOPS. Number of employees hitherto ill- informed about the NPS and its hazardous effect over their future have begun to agitate in unions, through marches and submitting of memorandums to the government. With the election at the doorway the matter has become crucial though it is not tossed frequently either by the opposition or by the ruling parties. There seems to be unity among the political leadership over this question, and so the battle for pension is likely to become futile in future. However, the upcoming election is a golden opportunity to get back pension and so the voices of dissident are becoming strong day by day. A novel initiative that has been taken is that everywhere employees are pledging not vote to any candidate or party until that party or candidate vocally

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 support their demand of the Old Pension Scheme. It is spreading like a wild fire and the political leadership has begun taking it seriously as well. In Delhi the government of Arvind Kejarwal has taken initiative in this direction, and the atmosphere is seen to be formulating in other states. The recent fall of the ruling party is ascribed to the disillusionment of the employees over the New Pension Scheme. It should never be forgotten that the current regime was in power also in 2004, and it ended the access of the Old pension Scheme to the employees recruited after 2004. That was the black day in history. But a nation fighting over cow and beef could not understand its significance. Our real issues are always side-lined and neglected. But this time unity among the various groups will unquestionably bring victory.

Conclusion : In the present juncture unity among the various groups of employees will be an unavoidable precondition to get the old pension back. Every human has a right to live with dignity, honour and respect. If anything that deprives them is definitely nonhuman and hence must be barred. The OPS is not just a financial security but a social cover too and it is far better and more reliable than NPS or any government sponsored recent scheme and so fight for the OPS must be our priority.

References:

1) “Govt. employees want new pension scheme scrapped”. 3 Oct, 2018, www.thehindu.com.Web. 14 Jan.2019 2) “No proposal to replace NPS with old pension scheme”.31 December, 2018, www.economictimes.indiatimes.com.Web.23 Jan.2019 3) https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com 4) https://www.india.gov.in 5) https://www.ndtv.com. 6) https://www.npscra.nsdl.co.in 7) Muthuswamy Brinda and Sanjeev. Swamy’s Compilation of New Pension Scheme. Swamy Publishers (P) Ltd .2016 8) Sadhak H. Pension Reform in India: The Unfinished Agenda. Sage Publications. 2013.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 A PENSION : CRISIS

Dr. Bhagyashree S Gawate Gurunanak College of Science, Ballarpur. Dist. Chandrapur. Email – [email protected]

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Introduction : Pensions are not in the nature of reward but there is a binding obligation on government, which can be claimed as a right. Indeed, High and rising pension costs create worries about sustainability. It is added point by the pressure of globalisation, which derive from two roots. First, since 1970 international trade has become increasingly open. Secondly, as a result technological change. For both reasons, globalisation reduces, though it does not eliminate, the ability of a country to act independently, for example in setting its pension contribution rate.

Most of the factors however are not new. The impact of population ageing was both predictable and predicted. Average age at death in the most of countries has been rising steadily. People are living longer, this is a wonderful thing –longer healthy life, it can be argued is the greatest century. The term ‘the ageing problem’ thus grotesquely misses that workers should retire later, but that each person should have more choice over the move from full time work to retirement.

Our Indian Government has framed National Pension Scheme. It is a voluntary defined contribution pension system in India. It is started with the decision of the government of India to stop defined benefit pensions for all its employees who joined after 1 January 2004. While the scheme was initially designed for government employees only, it was opened up for all citizens of India between the age of 18 and 60 in 2009. An employee can contribute regularly in a pension account during their working life. On retirement employees can withdraw a part of the corpus in a lumpsum and use the remaining corpus to buy an annuity to secure regular Pension Scheme, subscribers cannot receive corpus in a month.

The central government has notified the increase in its contribution to central government employees NPS accounts from 10% to 14% with effect from April1, 2019. As per the notification, ‘The monthly contribution would be 10 Percent of monthly Basic Pay DA by the Central Government’. Greater freedom in choosing pension funds and pattern of investment to central government employees has also been notified.

Government has announced a mega pension scheme called Pradhan Mantri Shram –Yogi Maandhan Yojana in Budget 2019. It covers people in both organised and unorganised sectors with monthly income up to Rs 15,000 and assure monthly pension of Rs 3000 once they attain the age of 60. They will have to pay minimum contribution of Rs 55 starting from age 18. For someone working in the unorganised sector and

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 joining this pension yojana at the age 29 years will have to contribute only Rs100 a month till the age 60. The Government will contribute an equal amount to the pension corpus. Allocation of Rs 500 crore has been allotted in the Budget 2019 and additional funds will be provided as needed. The scheme will be implemented in the current financial year.

Certainly, as compare to Pradhan Mantri Shram –Yogi Maandhan Yojana and National Pension Scheme, Old Pension Scheme is more useful for pensioner. This monthly pension has been satisfied senior citizen needs. Recently, Maharashtra Rajya Adarsh Shikshak Samiti demanded that the state government should reintroduce the old pension scheme for teachers along with some changes. To arrange Old Pension Scheme two things matter-E government and Economic growth. But Government has claimed that there is no proposal to replace the National Pension Scheme with the Old Pension Scheme due to rising and unsustainable pension bill and competing claims on the economy.

Effective government is essential however pensions are arranged. Pension requires that government can maintain macroeconomic stability (essential to sustain accumulated funds) and can regulate financial markets effectively. Output growth, though not essential is helpful; without it, any policy for pensions will be a Zero-sum game between workers and pensioners.

There is a problem but not a crisis. The problem is not rising expectancy but more pensioners and longer retirement. An obvious variable in the cost equation is the average age at which people first collect their pension. Thus, there is an economically rational solution. It may be that the main political. In other words, Helm argues that present pension policies are unsustainable because they are based on assumption about growth rates that are overstated because they take no account of the costs of environmental damage.

References:

1. Nicolas Barr, ‘Pensions: Overview of the issues’ Oxford University Press (2006) 2. http://m.economicstimes.com 3. http://indiantimes.com

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 PENSION SCHEME FOR GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES: ISSUES AND CONCERN

Dr. Darakshan A. Khan Prof. Durga Pali Zulekha college of Education, Zulekha college of Education, Nagpur. Nagpur.

------Abstract : Man is the social animal .He lives in society. The society and the man have a strong and close relationship. The society provides economical,political and social structures that help the individual carry out his or her daily duties effectively .There are many and different economic activities available in the society. The current societies this depends on individual’s qualification and experience .An individual’s qualification is based on his level of education and experience is based on the period in which he has been working in a particular field. The employees who work for state or government the destination given to government employment for which a person qualifies on the basis of merit rather than political and personal favor. Government employees often called civil servants or public employees work in a variety of field such as teaching, sanitation, health care, management and administration for the federal, state or local government .Legislatures establish basic prerequisites for employment such as compliance with minimal age and educational requirements and residency laws .Employees enjoy job security, promotion, and educational opportunities, comprehensive medical insurance coverage and pension and other benefits often not provided in comparable position in private employment. Those central government employees who joined government service before 1st January 2004 will be paid pension by the government after their retirement .But these employees who have joint central government after 1ST January 2004 are not paid pension by the government. They subscribe to National Pension scheme.

Key words:-Pension, Scheme ,Government employee, Issues and concern ,Retirement

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Introduction: A pension [from Latin word pensio, means “ payment”] is a fund into which a sum of money is added during an employee’s employment years, from which payment are drawn to support to the person’s retirement from work in the form of periodic payment. A pension may be a “ defined benefit plan” where a fixed sum is paid regularly to a person. Pension is regular payment by the state to the people of or above the official retirement age and to some widows and disabled people. Pension and severance pay both are different Pension is usually paid in regularly installment for life after retirement ,while the latter is typically paid as fixed amount after involuntary termination of of employment prior to retirement. A pension created by an employer for benefits of an employee is commonly reffered to as an occupational or employer pension

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 Types of Pension

Employment based pension

Types of Pension Social and state pensions

Disability pension

1. Employment pension :-A employment based pension is a retirement plan in which both an employer and employee make contributions into an account each month .The contributions are invested on behalf of an employee, who may begin to make withdrawals after retirement. 2. Social and state pension :- Many countries have created funds for their citizens and residents to provide income when they retire. Typically this requires payment throughout the citizens working life in order to qualify for benefits later on .A basic state pension is a “contribution based” benefit, and depends on an individual’s contribution history .Social pension is regular, tax funded non –contributory cash transfers paid to older people. 3. Disability pension :- Some pensions plans will provide for members in the event they suffer a disability. This may take the form of early entry into a retirement plan for a disabled member below the normal retirement age. Which Job offers pension: -Here are 10 industries in which employers might still offer jobs with pension to full time employees.

• Teaching • Manufacturing and production • Insurance • Finance • Protective service • Nursing • State and Local government • Military • Pharmaceuticals • Utility

1. Teaching :- Teacher pensions are the single most important tool for recruing and retaining good teachers and good teachers are the key to our future in a knowledge economy.

2. Manufacturing and production :- Workers who do the heavy lifting particularly those in unionized trades have received pension.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 3. Insurance :- Insurance companies typically offer defined benefit pension plans.

4. Finance :- Employees in the finance industry can often count on retirement benefits-in fact a few financial services companies provide pension.

5. Protective service :- Providing a pension for the policemen and women who risk their lives to protect the public seems natural to compensate them for performing this dangerous job. People who protect and serve fall into the category of public sector employees and might receive a substantial pay out if they work for state government.

6. Nursing :- Nursing is a physically and emotionally challenging profession sin which employees deals with patient from birth to death .Nurses are usually eligible for a pension after years of service or immediately after starting work.

7. State and Local government :- Nearly all public –sector employees are entitled to pension.

8. Military :- Until this year, all military members could potential receive a guaranteed pension of at least 50 percent of their base pay for life. But to earn it ,they must serve for at least 20 years.

9. Pharmaceuticals ;- Fifty percent pharmaceuticals companies still offer pension plans ,according to a study by Willis Towers Watson a leading global advisory company.

10 Utility :- Although some companies in the utility sector have frozen or terminated employ benefit plans .Almost half of Fortune 500 employers in the utility sector still offer pension plan .

New Pension Scheme For Government Employee:-According to new pension scheme (NPS)announced on December 22,2003 ,for a new government employees excepting those in the armed force. This brand new systems replaces the defined benefit system of pension and this include GPF. Contribution scheme is for entrants who joined after 1ST January 2004. Under the new pension scheme those who retire can withdraw 60%of the lump sum together and the rest 40% remaining balance they will now use towards the purchase of life insurance annuity scheme. Retirees can choose any insurance company that suits their requirement. From this life insurance investment they can now draw their monthly pension on a regular basis for the rest of their lives.However,if a government employee choose to leave NPS prior to reaching the retirement age of 60 ,in such cases mandatory annuity becomes 80 % of total pension wealth.

Conclusion : From the above information it is concluded that Pension is usually paid in regularly installment for life after retirement .There are three type of pension namely employment based pension ,social and state pension and disability pension .Various job like Teaching, Manufacturing and production,

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 Insurance ,Finance, Protective service ,Nursing ,State and local government ,Military ,Pharmaceutical and utility sector provide pension to the employees .Today NPS is challenging for government employee.

References:- https://www.quora.com. https://www.policy bazaar.com>article https://www.bemoneyaware.com>blog https://www.gobankingrates.com

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 OLD PENSION SCHEME (OPS) RESTORATION : AN URGENT NEED IN INDIA

Dr.Jitendra S. Gandhi Walchand College of Arts and Science, Solapur (Maharashtra)

Introduction: The National Pension System (NPS) is a newly launched scheme by government of India. NPS started in the replacement of Old Pension Scheme (OPS) by the government of India for the central employees who joined after 1 January 2004. Afterwards almost all state government has followed the same schemes with different tag. To make it more popular and to expand its outreach the government of India has opened the scheme for general citizen of the country. As government pushed it very harder to convince its employee that NPS is more lucrative than OPS, still after more than 13 years the government could not produce any evidence of the same.

Various employees’ organizations across the state and country are agitating against it since last one decade and so the government is just acting to listen it. Recently the government is showing more interest to make the scheme more better than OPS so has made some announcement as to increase the contribution of the government towards the NPS of the employee.

How NPS works: The employee will contribute 10% money to NPS from his salary every month and 10 % will be contributed by the concern government (recently it has increased to 14 %) and the amount will be invested in the share market by the appointee banker by the government authority. At the date of retirement the value of the invested amount will be divided into two parts. Among the accumulated value around 60% value can be withdrawn by the employee and 40% value will be used to purchase the annuity income as pension of the individual. The Scheme is regulated by Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA). National Pension System Trust (NPST) established by PFRDA is the registered owner of all assets under NPS. There is large criticism about the scheme in the financial term it is a just investment scheme.

How OPS works: It works actually in the opposite to the NPS. As NPS scheme will invest the money in the share/equity market and the return would be no longer assures (depend upon the equity market situation). The OPS will have fixed pattern of pension approx 50% of his last pay.

Following chart indicates the major difference between NPS and OPS

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375

Indicator OPS NPS

No deduction for pension only 10 10 % deduction as NPS Employees contribution % will be done in P.F individual contribution account

Investment Government instrument with fixed Equity market and safe return

Financial Management PFRDA Majority by private bank approved by PFRDA

Return Fixed and assured return as per the Depend upon the equity last salary of the employee market situation

Loan facility Available Loan facility is not available

Death benefit After the certain period of service if Only accumulated amount employee passed away, the will be given to the nominee nominee will get pension

Family pension Available Not available

Simplicity Very simple Very complicated

Conclusion Beneficial Not beneficial

Pension as a Social Security: Around the globe pension has been considered as tools for social security. After the service of so many years the employee must not left alone. Once the employee will receive the specific amount as a pension he or she will be able to enjoy his retirement. If you look at the current age of globalization the employee has to work hard to sustain him or herself in the serving the country or organization.

Conclusion: The article indicates the urgent need for OPS especially in the context of India. The government alone cannot discriminate social security norms for employees and elective member of the legislative parliament. The pension fund goes from the taxes collected by the citizen of the county who has witnessed and experienced the service of the government. In India where other social security norm not functional very prominent in such circumstance OPS will serve the real purpose of social security of the employee.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 References:

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Pension_System retrieved on 23 Feb 2019

• http://www.allbankingsolutions.com/Wage-Revision/Pension-Updates/New-Pension-Scheme-vs-old- pension-scheme.htm retrieved on 23 Feb 2019

• A Study of Terminal Benefits of the Central Government Employees. New Delhi: Ministry of Finance, Government of India

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 PENSION REFORMS IN INDIA

Manohar T. Kolhe Arts, Commerce and Science College, Arvi. Email : mankolsir@ gmail.com

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Abstract: Life expectancy has shot up in recent decades. When public pension systems were first established, people could typically look forward to only a few years of retirement if any. Today, globally, the probability of a newborn boy surviving until age 65 is over 80%; the figure is over 90% for a girl child. Aging populations are “a high-class” problem, said U.S. President Bill Clinton in his 1999 State of the Union address. He continued: “It’s the result of something wonderful: the fact that we are living a lot longer.” Nevertheless, there is no denying that aging populations pose significant challenges for economic, social and health policies in general and pension systems in particular.

India is no exception to this global trend. Demographic projections indicate that the share of the aged will rise to 9% of the total population by 2016 and to 13.3% by 2026. Life expectancy has increased significantly in India, thanks to economic development and better access to medical care. This also means that a significant percentage of the population is expected to live beyond 75 years of age. Therefore, it is essential that a formal mechanism of benefits to reach a large section of the aged population is in place and cost- effective products are available to the population for creating a retirement corpus.

Keywords: Pension, PFRDA, NPS

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Introduction: India does not have a universal social security system. A large number of India’s elderly are not covered by any pension scheme. Pension reforms and a pension system with greater reach will not only ensure citizens’ welfare in their golden years but will also help the central and state governments cut their future liabilities. With these broad objectives in mind, the government of India set up an expert committee in 1998 to devise a new pension system for India. Project Oasis, which was chaired by S.A. Dave, submitted its report in 2000.1 The report recommended setting up a new pension system in India. It recommended creating a pension system based on individual retirement accounts (IRAs). An individual would save and accumulate assets through his entire working life. Upon retirement, the individual would be able to use his pension assets to buy annuities from annuity providers and obtain a monthly pension. The pension amount would be governed by what the employees’ pension fund account could earn from market investments.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 This was a paradigm shift, from the existing defined returns philosophy to a defined contributions philosophy.

The committee suggested creating a professionally managed system with a large base of pension account holders across all sectors of the economy and centralized record-keeping. The proposed system would ensure fair competition among professional fund managers so as to provide a wide range of choices to employers and fair market-linked returns to the account holders.

In line with the above recommendations, the government set up its New Pension System (NPS), India's answer to the U.S.'s 401(k) plans.2 The NPS was launched in 2004 for central and state government employees, who had to subscribe mandatorily. In 2009, it was thrown open to all Indian citizens in the 18-60 age groups. However, it has failed to take off in the voluntary segment given the anemic subscriptions from the private sector.

Challenges in Implementation : The scheme’s lack of popularity has been attributed to several factors, such as weak incentives to intermediaries, a lack of awareness among the general population, insufficient marketing and promotion of the product and lower returns compared to other investment options. The scheme has delivered 5% to 12% returns in the past three years. Compare this to a return of 8.5% for Employees Provident Fund for the financial year 2012-13, 8.7 % for Public Provident Fund and 8.5% and

8.8% from National Savings Certificate for five and 10 years, respectively.4

A closer look at the finer elements of the scheme reveals that there are other issues that need to be addressed to improve investor sentiment for this product.

One of the most important issues is the tax treatment. There is no clarity on the taxation of funds at withdrawal. In India, returns from annuity insurance plans are not exempt from taxation. Another significant impediment is the compulsory annuity feature of the scheme. Even on maturity, the account holder can withdraw only up to 60% of the accumulated sum. The remaining amount has to be used to buy annuities, the returns from which are not tax-exempt. Also, the annuity can be bought only from one of the six PFRDA-approved insurers. This restricts the investor’s choices.

The fact that the scheme caps equity exposure at 50% is a dampener for younger investors, who usually have a higher appetite for risk and would prefer a larger equity allocation.

Also, the scheme faces stiff competition from the mandatory Employees’ Provident Fund (EPF), which remains the main retirement savings instrument for a majority of Indian employees. Given the mandatory retirement contribution to EPF, employees are reluctant to put in additional money in NPS.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 Another challenge is to popularize this scheme in the unorganized sector where financial literacy is poor and workers rarely have surplus money to invest. NPS has come up with a scheme, Swalamban Yojana,5 which seeks to target this sector. Under the scheme, the government contributes 1,000 rupees per year for three years for each NPS account opened in the past three financial years. However, this is not a sustainable model in the long run. For this scheme to survive without government funding, awareness campaigns and marketing targeted to this segment of the working population are essential.

The Road Ahead : The NPS scheme has several advantages over other schemes in terms of cost and equity exposure. Mutual funds can charge up to 2.25% and ULIP Pension plans from life insurers can charge up to 1.35% as fund management fees. NPS charges just 0.25%, making it one of the cheapest pension products in the world.6 The difference in fees/charges affects the total corpus significantly over longer periods of investment. NPS also instills a sense of disciplined savings and offers tax benefits.

Policy initiatives are also required to encourage voluntary subscription to this scheme. These initiatives could include establishing a comprehensive national pension policy, improvements in the security and returns from NPS investments, setting up distribution channels and increasing the incentives for them and increasing the channels’ regional coverage. Designing customized marketing strategies for different market segments will also be effective; marketing through SMS or street events/road shows could be one option. Telecommunication companies’ support can be sought to build a database of prospective customers.

Also, the virtues of this scheme need to be communicated to the investing public. One of its biggest pluses is that the cost of administration remains the cheapest in the world.7 Also, the scheme is portable anywhere within the country – i.e., employees can “carry” their accounts with them when they change jobs. The scheme offers a choice of investment mix and pension fund managers. All transactions can be tracked online through the central record keeping system, and there is an efficient grievance management system in place. The scheme offers an auto choice (default) option for subscribers who do not have sufficient knowledge about these instruments.

A concerted effort by the regulators, pension fund administrators and the service provider is needed to make this laudable social initiative a true success.

A study of the retirement income system in G20 countries indicates that in a country of India’s size and complexity, a defined contributions model is the model for the future. There are a few provisions which need to be incorporated from other pension models to make the system more beneficial: provision of minimum pension under social security, provision for early and late retirement and benefits calculation modeling in line with price increases.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 For Indian pension reforms to truly succeed and be an example for emerging economies, it is not just essential to move to a defined contribution model; it needs to create a basic pension from public finances. A formal old-age income support especially for financially impoverished senior citizens is needed urgently.

In its influential report “Averting the Old Age Crisis,” the World Bank (1994) recommended a multi-pillar system for the provision of old-age income security comprising:

• Pillar 1: A mandatory publicly managed tax-financed public pension.

• Pillar 2: Mandatory privately managed, fully funded benefits.

• Pillar 3: Voluntary privately managed, fully funded personal savings.

Subsequently, Holzmann and Hinz (2005) of the World Bank extended this three-pillar system to the following five-pillar approach:

• Pillar 0: A basic pension from public finances that may be universal or means-tested.

• Pillar 1: A mandated public pension plan that is publicly managed with contributions and, in some cases, financial reserves.

• Pillar 2: Mandated and fully funded occupational or personal pension plans with financial assets.

• Pillar 3: Voluntary and fully funded occupational or personal pension plans with financial assets.

• The fifth pillar is a nonfinancial pillar that includes the broader context of social policy such as family support, access to healthcare and housing, etc.

Conclusion: Our pension scheme are running significant reinvestment risks as most of the G-Secs have 10- year maturity, which do not offer any long-term solutions to manage inflation risk. Pension funds globally rely on long-term bonds linked to WPI to hedge inflation risk and to protect capital. These instruments are absent in the Indian market and risk management is a casualty. Even fund managers have not shown sufficient concern. If risk adjusted returns are to be provided to the investors, such financial instruments need to be introduced in the market. There are certain broader issues that need to be considered at the policymaking level to strengthen NPS and broadly the social security initiatives in India Another important measure for capacity building is the induction of experience and expertise at all levels, including funds management, supervision and regulation. Here the practice introduced by the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) can be thought of. Accordingly, working in a regulatory organisation and funds management must need at least five years of industry-level market experience.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 References:

• www.Pfrda.org.in. • http://www.actuariesindia.org/. • https://www.npscra.nsdl.co.in/. • http://www.globalpensionindex.com/. • www.forbes.com. • www.iief.com. • http://www.oecd.org/. • www.statestreet.com. • www.actuaries.org. • http://www.ccsindia.org. • http://financialservices.gov.in/PensionReforms_india_index.asp. • http://financialservices.gov.in/pensionreforms/Pension%20Reforms%20in%20India.pdf. • Ramdev Gowswami, “Indian Pension System: Problems and Prognosis.” • S.A.Dave, Robert Palacios, Gautam Bhardwaj, “Rethinking Pension Provision for India.” • The Project Oasis report (Old Age Social and Income Security Project), January 2000. • Ajay Shah, “Issues in Pension System Reform in India.” • “Pensions at a Glance 2011: Retirement-Income Systems in OECD and G20 Countries,” OECD 2011. • Final Report of the ACA’s 2011 Pension Trends Survey, conducted by the Association of Consulting Actuaries. • Robert Holzmann, Global Pension Systems and Their Reform Worldwide Drivers, Trends, and Challenges. • Dr. Ramesh Gupta, Pension Reforms in India: Myth, Reality and Policy Choices

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 INDIA BENEFITS OF RISK-SHARING

Dr. Mrunali S. Lilhare Bhawabhuti Mahavidyalaya, Amgaon Dist-Gondia

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Introduction : Pension schemes may be unfunded or funded. In an unfunded pay-as-you-go scheme, the pension represents a transfer made between the current working population to the current retired population. In a funded scheme the working population make contributions into a pension fund which, during the accumulation phase, grows in value up to retirement. After retirement, the fund enters the decumulation phase and pays out a pension to the retired pensioners for the remainder of their lives. The management of investment funds in these pension schemes is the topic of this pape Pension schemes may be unfunded or funded. In an unfunded pay-as-you-go scheme, the pension represents a transfer made between the current working population to the current retired population. In a funded scheme the working population make contributions into a pension fund which, during the accumulation phase, grows in value up to retirement. After retirement, the fund enters the decumulation phase and pays out a pension to the retired pensioners for the remainder of their lives. The management of investment funds in these pension schemes is the topic of this paperPension schemes may be unfunded or funded. In an unfunded pay-as-you-go scheme, the pension represents a transfer made between the current working population to the current retired population. In a funded scheme the working population make contributions into a pension fund which, during the accumulation phase, grows in value up to retirement. After retirement, the fund enters the decumulation phase and pays out a pension to the retired pensioners for the remainder of their lives. The management of investment funds in these pension schemes is the topic of this paper.Pension schemes may be unfunded or funded. In an unfunded pay-as-you-go scheme, the pension represents a transfer made between the current working population to the current retired population. In a funded scheme the working population make contributions into a pension fund which, during the accumulation phase, grows in value up to retirement. After retirement, the fund enters the decumulation phase and pays out a pension to the retired pensioners for the remainder of their lives. The management of investment funds in these pension schemes is the topic of this paper.The growth of private pensions and their expanding role in retirement income systems calls for a better understanding and management of the risks that they are exposed to. Investment risk features most prominently amongst them, as evidenced by the average decline of 20 percent in OECD private pension assets between January and October 2008 (OECD 2009). From the perspective of the plan member, private pensions are a form of long-term savings, where contributions today are invested in order to pay for benefits tomorrow. Plan members generally prefer guaranteed benefits, as in a defined benefit (DB) plan, but trade- offs such as the cost of volatility in contributions, need to be taken into account. Increasingly, however,

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 employers are turning to (collective) defined contribution (DC) plans where contribution rates are fixed but retirement income risks are borne entirely by employees. The principal purpose of this paper is to analyse the trade-off between the (un)certainty in Contributions on the one hand and benefits on the other that is embedded in different pension arrangements. The paper employs the funding ratio (ratio of assets to liabilities) and the replacement rate (ratio of benefits to salaries) as key criteria for evaluating the risk sharing characteristics of a private pension plan or scheme from the perspective of the plan member. The focus is on risk sharing within the various schemes, irrespective of whether it is the employer, employees, or a combination of both that pays contributions.

Risk sharing vs. redistribution

In addition to offering risk-sharing features, occupational pension plans can also involve one-sided or non- reciprocal redistributions between different kinds of workers. For example, the uniform contribution rate that employees of all ages pay in occupational plans of some countries like the Netherlands means that for a given benefit level young workers ‗overpay‘ to acquire the pension rights while older workers ‗underpay‘. This wealth transfer is partly offset by the lower life expectancies of the old relative to the young at the same age, but given past rates of life expectancy improvements, the net wealth transfer is likely to favour the old. This kind of ‘solidarity‘ between the young and the old was the topic of debates in the Netherlands (see, e.g., Boeijen et al. 2007 and Aarssen and Kuipers, 2007). It has been argued that this transfer may be pushing the young away from defined benefit arrangements in the direction of arrangements emphasizing individual features (Boeijen et al. 2007) More generally, the following types of intended or unintended redistributions arise in occupational pension plans of the defined benefit type that have employee contributions and accrual rates that do not vary with age:

• From the young to the old; • From those who join the plan early in their lives to those who join it late; • From those who leave the plan early to those who leave it later; • From those who have flat earnings profiles to those with steeper earnings profiles towards the end of their career.

(i) Traditional (final pay and career average) DB plans In these plans, a formula links benefits to wages and the length of the service period. The replacement rate is fixed as a percentage of the worker‘s final or career average wage. To the extent that benefits are paid as inflation-indexed annuities, pensioners face no benefit risk. These types of plans therefore shift all risks related to benefit provision to the sponsoring employer, and hence to current and future workers.

(ii) DB plans with conditional indexation

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 In these pension arrangements, benefits are calculated as in traditional DB plans except that indexation of pensions in payments and in some cases accrued benefits is conditional on the plan‘s funded status. The higher is the funding ratio the greater the extent of indexation.

(iii) Cash balance plans

Under a cash balance plan benefits are calculated on the basis of individual accounts that are credited with a fixed investment return until retirement. At retirement, benefits may be paid as lump-sums or annuities. Cash balance plans is a type of risk-sharing pension arrangement that is free of all the redistributions mentioned earlier. It only protects against investment risk, but not longevity risk before retirement. It may also fail to protect against inflation risk if the investment return guarantee is set at too low a level (or a nominal level only).

(iv) Collective DC plans

In a collective DC plan, contribution rates are fixed. Benefits are calculated as in traditional DB one but both the extent of indexation and nominal benefits are linked to the plan‘s funded status. Nominal accrued benefits and even nominal pensions in payment can be cut if the funding ratio falls below a certain level. Pensioners therefore face greater benefit risks than under the previous pension arrangements.

(v) Nursery plans Benefits are calculated on a pure (individual) DC basis up to a certain age and DB thereafter. The plan effectively treats early leavers (those who leave their employer before retirement) differently from long-tenure employees. The latter are covered by a traditional DB plan, while the former are fully exposed to benefit risk. Nursery plans, therefore, do not involve a different form of risk sharing to the ones just described.

(vi) Floor or underpin plans

Benefits are the higher of the outcomes of a DC and a DB formula. For example, the plan may guarantee a minimum rate of return but pay the actual, market rate of return if this is higher. Alternatively, the plan may guarantee minimum benefits and pay higher ones based on a DC formula if these are higher. Such pension deals have many similarities with both conditional indexation and collective DC plans, but do not allow for any steering with the funding ratio. Under such plans, there is no surplus or excess funding, as the actual market return must always credited to benefits if it is higher than the guaranteed level.

REFERENCES

Aarssen, K. and Kuipers, B.J. (2007), ―Everyone gains, but some more than others‖, in O.W. Steenbeek and S.G. van der Lecq (ed), Costs and Benefits of Collective Pension Schemes, Springer. Antolin, P. and H. Blommestein (2007), ―Governments and the market for longevity indexed bonds‖ OECD Working Paper on Insurance and Private Pensions 4. Ball, L. and N. G. Mankiw,

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 (2007), Intergenerational Risk Sharing in the Spirit of Arrow, Debreu, and Rawls, with Applications to Social Security Design, Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 115 no. 4. Boeijen, T.A.H., Jansen, C., Kortleve, C.E. and J.H. Tamerus (2007), ‖Intergenerational solidarity in the uniform contribution and accrual system‖, in O.W. Steenbeek and S.G. van der Lecq (ed), Costs and Benefits of Collective Pension Schemes, Springer. Blommestein, Hans (2006), ―What are the factors for a successful market in longevity-indexed government bonds (LIBs)? A public debt management perspective‖ Pensions Management – An International Journal, volume 11, Issue 2, Palgrave McMillan. Bohn, Henning (2005), "Who Bears What Risk? An Intergenerational Perspective, Pension Research Council Working Paper PRC WP 2005-7.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 OLD PENSION SCHEME VS NEW PENSION SCHEME

Prof. Nishita R Ambade Seth Kesarimal Porwal College, Kampatee

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Introduction: Every Government Employees have curiosity to know about the benefit or insured life after superannuation and security of their dependents during uneven happening to them. Obviously all have had experience about the old pension scheme, its benefits and provisions to their dependents but from 01/01/2004 a new pension scheme have been implemented which has been created some doubts about its provisions whether it is beneficial as compare to old one or its merely implemented to reduce the burden of government expenses . Since nobody might be retired from this batch and some clauses are still unclear. So automatically one question arises in mind that whether this new pension scheme is beneficial as old pension scheme or it is much more beneficial or it is injustice to the government employees because it has become a hot topic and even many of the unions from various departments have been demanded to re-enforcement of old pension scheme. So without comparatively analysis of these two schemes it is very difficult to reach any of the decision at instance.

Features of old Pension scheme : The minimum eligibility period for receipt of pension is 10 years. A Central Government servant retiring in accordance with the Pension Rules is entitled to receive pension on completion of at least 10 years of qualifying service. In the case of Family Pension the widow is eligible to receive family pension on death of her spouse after completion of one year of continuous service or even before completion of one year if the Government servant had been examined by the appropriate Medical Authority and declared fit for Government service. W.e.f 1.1.2006, Pension is calculated with reference to emoluments (i.e. Last basic pay) or average emoluments (i.e. average of the basic pay drawn during the last 10 months of the service) whichever is more beneficial. The amount of pension is 50% of the emoluments or average emoluments whichever is beneficial.

Minimum pension presently is Rs. 9000 per month. Maximum limit on pension is 50% of the highest pay in the Government of India (presently Rs. 1, 25,000) per month. Pension is payable up to and including the date of death.

Commutation of Pension : A Central Government servant has an option to commute a portion of pension, not exceeding 40% of it, into a lump sum payment. No medical examination is required if the option is exercised within one year of retirement. If the option is exercised after expiry of one year, he/she will have to under-go medical examination by the specified competent authority.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 i) Lump sum payable is calculated with reference to the Commutation Table. The monthly pension will stand reduced by the portion commuted and the commuted portion will be restored on the expiry of 15 years from the date of receipt of the commuted value of pension. Dearness Relief, however, will continue to be calculated on the basis of the original pension (i.e. without reduction of commuted portion). ii) The formula for arriving for commuted value of Pension (CVP) is CVP = 40 % (X) Commutation factor* (X)12* The commutation factor will be with reference to age next birthday on the date on which commutation becomes absolute as per the New Table annexed to the CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules, 1981. iii) Death/Retirement Gratuity : a) Retirement Gratuity : This is payable to the retiring Government servant. A minimum of 5 years' qualifying service and eligibility to receive service gratuity/pension is essential to get this one time lump sum benefit. Retirement gratuity is calculated @ 1/4th of a month’s Basic Pay plus Dearness Allowance drawn on the date of retirement for each completed six monthly period of qualifying service. There is no minimum limit for the amount of gratuity. The retirement gratuity payable for qualifying service of 33 years or more is 16 times the Basic Pay plus DA, subject to a maximum of Rs. 20 lakhs.

b) Death Gratuity : This is a one-time lump sum benefit payable to the nominee or family member of a Government servant dying in harness. There is no stipulation in regard to any minimum length of service rendered by the deceased employee. Entitlement of death gratuity is regulated as under:

Qualifying Service Rate

Less than one year 2 times of basic pay One year or more but less than 5 years 6 times of basic pay 5 years or more but less than 11 years 12 times of basic pay 11 years or more but less than 20 years 20 times of basic pay 20 years or more Half of emoluments for every completed 6 monthly period of qualifying service subject to a maximum of 33 times of emoluments.

Maximum amount of Death Gratuity admissible is Rs. 20 lakhs w.e.f. 1.1.2016 c)Service Gratuity : A retiring Government servant will be entitled to receive service gratuity (and not pension) if total qualifying service is less than 10 years. Admissible amount is half month’s basic pay last drawn plus DA for each completed 6 monthly period of qualifying service. This one time lump sum payment is distinct from retirement gratuity and is paid over and above the retirement gratuity.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 iii) Issue of No Demand Certificate : Dues owed by the retiring employees on account of Licence Fee for Government accommodation, advances, over payment of pay and allowances are required to be assessed by the Head of Office and intimated to the Accounts Officer two months in advance of the date of retirement so that these are recovered from retirement gratuity before payment. For this purpose the Licence Fee for those in occupation of Government accommodation is taken into account up to the end of the permissible period for which accommodation can be retained after retirement under the Rules on normal rent. The recovery of Licence Fee beyond that period is the responsibility of the Directorate of Estates. If, for any reason final dues cannot be assessed on time, then 10% of gratuity is withheld from gratuity on the basis of a commutation from the Directorate of Estates in this regard. iv) General Provident Fund and Incentives : As per General Provident fund (Central Services) Rules, 1960 all temporary Government servants after a continuous service of one year, all re-employed pensioners (Other than those eligible for admission to the Contributory Provident Fund) and all permanent Government servants are eligible to subscribe to the Fund. However, these rules are not applicable to any of the Government Servants who join service on or after 1.1.2004. A subscriber, at the time of joining the fund is required to make a nomination, in the prescribed form, conferring on one or more persons the right to receive the amount that may stand to his credit in the fund in the event of his death, before that amount has become payable or having become payable has not been paid. A subscriber shall subscribe monthly to the Fund except during the period when he is under suspension. Subscriptions to the Provident Fund are stopped 3 months prior to the date of superannuation. Rates of subscription shall not be less than 6% of subscribers emoluments are not more than his emoluments. Rate of interest varies according to notifications of the Government issued from time to time. The rules provide for drawal advances/ withdrawals from the fund for specific purposes.

The conditions for withdrawal from the fund have been liberalized and now no documentary proof is required to be furnished by the subscriber for GPF withdrawal. On retirement of a subscriber, instructions have been issued for immediate payment of final balance on retirement. No application is required to be submitted by the subscriber for final payment from the fund. v) Deposit Linked Insurance Scheme : Under the GPF Rules, on the death of subscriber, the person entitled to receive the amount standing to the credit of the subscriber shall be paid an additional amount equal to the average balance in the account during the 3 years immediately preceding the death of the subscriber subject to certain conditions provided in the relevant Rule. The additional amount payable under that Rule shall not exceed Rs. 60,000/-. To get this benefit, the subscriber should have put in at least 5 years service at the time of his/her death.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 a) Contributory Provident Fund : The Contributory Provident Fund Rules (India), ,1962 are applicable to every non-pensionable servant of the Government belonging to any of the services under the control of the President. A subscriber, at the time of joining the Fund is required to make a nomination in the prescribed Form conferring on one or more persons the right to receive the amount that may stand to his credit in the Fund in the event of his death, before that amount has become payable or having become payable has not been paid. A subscriber shall subscribe monthly to the Fund when on duty or Foreign Service but not during the period of suspension. Rates of subscription shall not be less than 10% of the emoluments and not more than his emoluments. The employer's contribution at that percentage prescribed by the Government will be credited to the subscriber's account and this is 10%. The Rules provide for drawal of advances/ withdrawals from the CPF for specific purposes. As in GPF Rules, the CPF Rules also provide for Deposit Linked Insurance Scheme. b) Leave Encashment : Encashment of leave is a benefit granted under the CCS (Leave) Rules and is not a pensionary benefit. Encashment of Earned Leave/Half Pay Leave standing at the credit of the retiring Government servant is admissible on the date of retirement subject to a maximum of 300 days. c) Central Government Employees Group Insurance Scheme : A portion of monthly contributions paid while in service is credited in a Saving Fund, on which interest accrues. A Government servant while entering service has to apply in Form No. 4 of the above Scheme to the Head of Office, who shall issue a sanction for the payment of subscriber's accumulation in the Savings Fund segment together with interest and arrange for its disbursement, soon after retirement. Payments under this Scheme are made in accordance with the Table of Benefit (as issued by Department of Expenditure) which takes in to account interest up to the date of cessation of service. Insurance cover benefit under this Scheme is available to the family in the event of death of the subscriber. 1. Silent featurs of New Pension Scheme : 1. The National Pension System works on defined contribution basis and will have two tiers - Tier-I and II. Contribution to Tier-I is mandatory for all Government servants joining Government service on or after 1-1-2004 (except the armed forces in the first stage), whereas Tier-II will be optional and at the discretion of Government servants. 2. In Tier-I, a Government servant will have to make a contribution of 10% of his basic pay plus DA, which will be deducted from his salary bill every month by the PAO concerned. The Government will make an equal matching contribution. However, there will be no contribution from the Government in respect of individuals who are not Government employees. 3. Tier-I contributions (and the investment returns) will be kept in a limited partial withdrawable Pension Tier-I Account. Tier-II contributions will be kept in a separate account that will be

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 withdraw able at the option of the Government servant. Government will not make any contribution to Tier-II account. 4. The existing provisions of Defined Benefit Pension and GPF would not be available to the new recruits in the central Government service, i.e. to the Government servants joining Government service on or after 1-1-2004. However, retirement gratuity and death gratuity would be extended to the central government employees covered under NPS on the same terms and conditions as applicable under CCS(Pension) Rules, 1972. 5. In order to implement the Scheme, there will be a Central Record Keeping Agency (CRA) and several Pension Fund Managers (PFM) to offer three categories of Schemes to Government servants, viz., options A,B and C based on the ratio of investment in fixed income instruments and equities. The participating entities (PFMs and CRA) would give out easily understable information about past performance, so that the individual would be able to make informed choices about which scheme to choose. 6. An independent Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) will regulate and develop the NPS. 7. A Government servant can exit at or after the age of 60 years from the Tier-I of the Scheme. At exit, it would be mandatory for him to invest 40 per cent of pension wealth to purchase an annuity (from an IRDA-regulated Life Insurance Company) which will provide for annuity for the lifetime of the employee and his dependent parents/spouse. He would receive a lump-sum of the remaining pension wealth which he would be free to utilize in any manner. In the case of Government servants who leave the Scheme before attaining the age of 60, the mandatory annuitization would be 80% of the pension wealth. 8. Provisionally, central government employees covered under NPS has option to choose benefits under old pension scheme or NPS in the event of their death or discharge from service on invalidation.

9. In case of NPS employee freezes his contribution as a fixed value or percentage of salary and keep contributing regularly. Since all contributions are voluntary he may also change the amount any time. He earns interest on his contribution (NPS has been generating handsome returns as this fund is allowed to invest in equities too). At the time of superannuation, employee is given pension on the basis of annuity value of his total corpus at that instant.

2. Difference between Old Pension scheme and New Pension Scheme

The primary difference is that old pension scheme was Benefit Defined whereas NPS is Contribution Defined. In the first case the benefit is fixed, i.e. it was predetermined how much pension an

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 employee will get linked to his last drawn salary and length of service. This requires contribution amount is reverse calculated on the basis of future liability on the basis of actuarial valuation. On tops, in this case part contribution was shared by employer and part by Govt of India. However Govt of India didn't extend this benefit to new employees after a certain date and started offering them benefits under EPF which also includes another pension scheme called EPS.

Important Old Pension Scheme New Pension Scheme Features Payment on the If the subscriber dies before In the unfortunate event of the death of death of the retirement, his individual contribution the subscriber, option will be available to subscriber, before to P.F. with the accrued interest is paid the nominee to either receive 100% of the retirement to the nominee. contribution is pension wealth in lump sum or to retained to service Family Pension. continue with the NPS in his individual capacity, after complying with the KYC norms. Payment on the If the pensioner dies after retirement, In the unfortunate event of the death of death of the the spouse receives family pension at the subscriber, option will be available to subscriber, after reduced rates as discussed above. In the nominee to either receive 100% of the retirement case of dependent son/daughter, pension wealth in lump sum or to family pension is payable to him/her continue with the NPS in his individual till he/she attains the age of 25 years capacity, after complying with the KYC or starts earning Rs.2,550 per month norms. whichever occurs earlier. Amount of The pension payable is linked to the The value of the annuity purchased at the Pension paid average pay drawn during the last 10 time of retirement will determine the months of service. Besides, D.A. is amount of monthly pension. Monthly also paid on the Basic Pension, even pension under NPS is a fixed amount and after commutation. These rates are it will attract any D.A. and therefore, in decided at the time of each wage case of rise in AICPI, no additional revision settlement. benefit will accrue to the pensioner. Family Pension Besides, the spouse of the deceased is No family pension is paid, after the death paid family pension at a reduced rate of the subscriber/pensioner. Only the (which ranges from 15% to 30% of the pension wealth in lump sum is paid. Basic pension payable). Income Tax For Individual Employees contributing Under Section 80-CCD(2) of Income Tax Benefits to the NPS, their investment is eligible Act, if an employer contributes 10% of for deduction from Income under the salary (basic salary plus dearness Section 80-CCD(1) of the Income Tax allowance) to the NPS account of the Act, 1961. However, the aggregate of employee, that amount gets tax all investments under Section 80-C exemption of up to Rs 1 and the premium on pension products lakh. However, this is within the on Section 80CCC should not exceed overall limit of Rs.1 lakh for all eligible Rs.1 lakh per assessment year to claim investments put together under Sec.80-C. for the deduction. Income tax No tax is deducted on loans, partial On retirement, 60% of the savings may liability withdrawals (non-refundable) while in be withdrawn in cash and it is service and total withdrawal after taxable. The remaining 40% will have to retirement. be invested in a Pension/Annuity Fund and it is tax free (at the time of

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 investment).

4. Why Old Pension Scheme is more favorable as compare to NPS:

1. In NPS, there are multiple actors: POPs, PFRDA, CRA and fund managers.

2. NPS doesn’t offer uniform rate of return.

3. Common people find this setup difficult and unsecure, unlike tried and trusted LIC or PPF.

4. NPS is not spending lot of money on ads with film stars / cricketers.

5. As far as structure and cost are concerned, NPS is the best retirement option. But people are reluctant to invest in NPS, due to taxation and liquidity issues. Mutual funds score over NPS in both these aspects, which is why financial advisors have reservations in recommending the product.

5. In old pension scheme you don't need to contribute significantly. It was next to nil, deduction was made along with your PF deduction. But you get decent amount as pension after retirement. 6. But in current NPS, you have to invest your own money in Mutual fund kind of instrument. 7. Your earning in NPS will be proportional to your investment. If u spends less u will earn less. 8. So In other word NPS is nowhere close to old scheme. Here you have to spend Ur own money and return will be based on market dynamics.

Conclusion: After analyzing minutely it is definitely conclude that Old Pension Scheme is far more better than New Pension scheme which cover guaranteed amount after superannuation and after death also dependent will get full benefited and support whereas in new pension scheme dependent will get less benefited and feel insecure.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 PENSION SYSTEM

Dr. Pravin Gopalrao Patil Director of Physical Eduction Renuka College, Besa, Nagpur. [email protected] ------

Introduction : The National Pension System (NPS) is a voluntary defined contribution pension system in India. National Pension System, like PPFand EPF is an EEE (Exempt-Exempt-Exempt) instrument in India where entire corpus escapes tax at maturity and entire pension withdrawal amount is tax-free.

NPS started with the decision of the Government of India to stop defined benefit pensions for all its employees who joined after 1 January 2004. While the scheme was initially designed for government employees only, it was opened up for all citizens of India between the age of 18 and 60 in 2009. In its overall structure NPS is closer to 401(k) plans of the United States. Administered and regulated by the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA)(Based on the recommandations of Chakka Muni Balaji Ganesh Committee),in accordance with (Juturu Sahithi committee).

On 10 December 2018, Government of India made NPS an entirely tax-free instrument in India where entire corpus escapes tax at maturity; the 40% annunity also became tax-free. The contribution under Tier-II of NPS is covered under Section 80C for deduction up to Rs. 1.50 lakh for income tax benefits, provided there is a lock-in period of three years. The changes in NPS will be notified through changes in The Income-tax Act, 1961, which is expected to happen through the Finance Bill in 2019 Union budget of India. NPS is limited EEE, to the extent of 60%. 40% has to be compulsorily used to purchase an annuity, which is taxable at the applicable tax slab.

Contributions to NPS receive tax exemptions under Section 80C, Section 80CCC and Section 80CCD (1) of Income Tax Act. Starting from 2016, an additional tax benefit of Rs 50,000 under Section 80CCD (1b) is provided under NPS, which is over the Rs 1.5 lakh exemption of Section 80C. Private Fund managers are important parts of NPS. NPS is considered one of the best tax saving instruments, after 40% of the corpus was made tax-free at the time of maturity and it is ranked just below Equity-linked savings scheme (ELSS).

Background : The National Pension System (NPS) is a voluntary defined contribution pension system administered and regulated by the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA), created by an Act of the Parliament of India. The NPS started with the decision of the Government of India to stop defined benefit pensions for all its employees who joined after 1 January 2004. While the scheme was initially designed for government employees only, it was opened up for all citizens of India in 2009. NPS is

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 an attempt by the government to create a pensioned society in India. In its overall structure NPS is closer to 401(k) plans of the United States. Today, the NPS is readily available and tax efficient under Section 80CCC and Section 80CCD. Under the NPS, an individual can contribute to his retirement account. Also, his employer can contribute to the welfare and social security of the individual.

NPS is a quasi-EET instrument in India where 40% of the corpus escapes tax at maturity, while 60% of the corpus is taxable. Of the 60% taxable corpus, 40% is tax-exempt as it has to be compulsorily used to purchase an annuity. The annuity income will be taxed, though. The remaining 20% alone will now be taxed at slab rates on withdrawal. NPS offers subscribers a choice of two record keeping agencies: NCRA (NSDL- CRA) and KCRA (Karvy-CRA). In 2017 Union budget of India, 25% exemption of the contribution made by an employee has been announced as a form of premature partial withdrawal in NPS. This amendment will take effect on 1 April, 2018 and will, accordingly, apply in relation to the assessment year 2018- 19. NPS is a market-linked annuity product.

Regulatory framework : In 1999 the Government of India commissioned a national project, OASIS (an acronym for "old age social and income security"), to examine policies related to old age income security in India. Based on the recommendations of the OASIS report, the Government of India introduced a new Defined Contribution Pension System for the new entrants to Central/State Government service, except to the armed forces, replacing the existing system of the Defined Benefit Pension System.

On 23 August 2003, the Interim Pension Fund Regulatory & Development Authority (PFRDA) was established through a resolution by the Government of India to "promote old age income security by establishing, developing and regulating pension funds, to protect the interests of subscribers to schemes of pension funds and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto." The Pension Fund Regulatory & Development Authority Act was passed on 19 September 2013 and notified on 1 February 2014, thus setting up PFRDA as the regulator for pension sector in India. However, there remains a considerable amount of confusion with other entities like the Employee Provident Fund, pension funds run by life insurers, and mutual fund companies being outside the purview of PFRDA.

The contributory pension system was notified by the Government of India on 22 December 2003, now named the National Pension System (NPS) with effect from 1 January 2004. The NPS was subsequently extended to all citizens of the country with effect from 1 May 2009, including self-employed professionals and others in the unorganized sector on a voluntary basis.

Architecture : Unlike traditional financial products where all the functions (sales, operations, service, fund management, depository) are done by one company, NPS follows an unbundled architecture where each step of the value chain has been made disjointed from the other. This unbundling not only allows the customer to

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 mix and match his providers of service through the value chain, picking the best-suited option, but it also curbs the incidence of misselling.

NPS architecture consists of the NPS Trust, which is entrusted with safeguarding subscribers' interests, Central Recordkeeping Agencies (CRAs) which maintains the data and records, Point of Presence (POP) as collection, distribution and servicing arms, pension fund managers (PFM) for managing the investments of subscribers, a custodian to take care of the assets purchased by the fund managers, and a trustee bank to manage the banking operations. At age 60 the customer can choose to purchase pension Annuity Service Providers (ASP). NPS investors can't opt for two pension fund managers; neither can switch to another pension fund before a year. In 2017, PFRDA increased the entry age in NPS to 65 years.

The number of pension fund managers (PFM) has increased to 9 in NPS:

• SBI Pension Funds

• LIC Pension Fund

• UTI Retirement Solutions

• HDFC Pension Fund

• ICICI Prudential Pension Fund

• Kotak Pension Fund

• Reliance capital Pension Fund

• Birla Sun Life Pension Management Ltd.

SBI Pension Funds is the largest pension fund manager (PFM) in India and its assets under management (AUM) level is Rs 61,000 crore. At Present, Central government employees have no say in the matter of choice of fund manager or investment allocation in NPS, as both are decided by the government. All the NPS contributions of Central government employees are being distributed evenly across three public sector fund managers: LIC Pension Fund, SBI Pension Fund and UTI Retirement Solutions.

The current CRAs are the NSDL e-Governance Infrastructure Limited (NCRA) and Karvy Computer Shares Pvt Ltd (KCRA). All the major commercial banks, brokers and Stock Holding Corporation Ltd perform the role of PoP. The subscriber can choose any one of them. There are seven fund managers and eight annuity service providers for subscribers to choose from. The subscriber can choose to invest either, wholly or in combination, in four types of investment schemes offered by the pension fund managers. These are:

• Scheme E (equity) which allows up to 50% equity participation, this is invested in stocks.

• Scheme C (corporate debt) which invests only in high-quality corporate bonds. National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 44

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 • Scheme G (government/Gilt bonds) which invests only in government bonds.

• Scheme A (Alternative Investment)which allows up to 5% (Newly added asset class only for private sector subscriber with active choice)

Alternatively, the subscriber can opt for the default scheme, whereas per the time left to retirement his portfolio is rebalanced each year for the proportion of equity, corporate bonds, and government bonds.

NPS offers two types of accounts to its subscribers:

• Tier I: The primary account, which is a pension account which has restrictions on withdrawals and utilization of accumulated corpus. All the tax breaks that NPS offers are applicable only to Tier I accounts.

• Tier II: In order to introduce some liquidity to the scheme, the PFRDA allows for a Tier II account where subscribers with pre-existing Tier I account can deposit and withdrawn monies as and when they want. NPS Tier II is an investment account, similar to a mutual fund in characteristics.

The contribution to voluntary savings account (also called Tier-II account) can only be made by the subscriber and not by any third party.

PFRDA has introduced new features to NPS in 2016, including more choices to lifecycle funds:

• Aggressive Life Cycle Fund (LC-75) which allows subscribers equity exposure of up to 75% till 35 years of age. This is more suitable to a 20s investor.

• Conservative lifecycle fund with a 25% starting equity exposure may be suited to older investors.

• Automatically Lifecycle Fund.

The regulator adds a new asset class Alternative Investment Funds (AIF) to the existing menu of equities, government securities and corporate bonds, available on NPS.

Who can join : A citizen of India, whether resident or non-resident can join NPS, subject to the following conditions:

• The subscriber should be between 18 and 60 years old as of the date of submission of his/her application to the Point of Presence (POP) / Point of Presence–Service Provider-Authorized branches of POP for NPS (POP-SP).

• The subscribers should comply with the Know Your Customer (KYC) norms as detailed in the subscriber registration form.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 • Should not be Un-discharged insolvent and individuals of unsound mind.

Subscriber base : As of December 2016, the number of subscribers had grown substantially to 1.41 crore. NPS AUM (assets under management) grew to Rs 1,61,016 crore as of December 2016. 88% of total NPS AUM is accounted for Government sector, both Central and State employees, who also account for 35 per cent of the number of subscribers. As of March 2016, the total AUM of the NPS Tier II segment is Rs 197 crore. NPS Tier II has 34,620 subscribers with an average balance of Rs 54,000.

Opening an account : Online process via NPS E-NPS started in 2015. An NPS account can be opened online using either of the two options available to complete the KYC process:

• One, Aadhaar-based KYC, wherein you will be authenticated through an OTP that will be sent to the mobile phone number that is registered with Aadhaar. Once one authenticates oneself, the KYC information will be taken from the Aadhaar database. If you had selected Aadhaar-based registration, you have to upload a scanned signature. You can make your investment through Net banking from any bank’s account.if you choose Aadhaar-based KYC; you don’t have to sign and send the physical form. You can simply e-sign. There is no need to print the NPS form that you had filled online and submit the printout within 90 days to the central record keeping agency.

• Second way to proceed is to give the permanent account number (PAN) and bank account details to complete the KYC authentication step.

Offline process : For offline opening, one has to visit any of the Points of Presence (POPs) appointed by the PFRDA.

Withdrawal : Premature withdrawal in NPS before age of 60 years required parking 80% of the sum in an annuity. One can withdraw 20 percent of the corpus before 60 years but he/she must buy annuity with 80 percent of the corpus.In 2016, the NPS allowed withdrawal of up to 25% of contributions for specified reasons, if the scheme is at least 3 years old with certain conditions. One can withdraw the complete amount if the pension collected is less than INR 2,00,000.

Tax benefits : Investment in NPS is eligible for tax benefits as follows:

• Up to Rs. 150,000 under Section 80CCD (1). The benefit is additionally capped at 10% of basic salary. The benefit under Section 80C, Section 80CCC and Section 80CCD (1) is capped at Rs 150,000.

• Contribution Up to Rs 50,000 under Section 80CCD (1B). This is over and above tax benefit under Section 80CCD (1b).

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 • Employer co-contribution up to 10% of basic and DA without any upper cap in terms of amount is tax free income in hands of employees under Section 80CCD(2).

See also

• Equity-linked savings scheme (ELSS)

• Mutual fund

• Income tax in India

References

1. ^ "Govt brings NPS on a par with PF, makes it tax-free". 2. ^ "National Pension System - Retirement Plan for All". National Portal of India. Retrieved 2018-07-12. 3. ^ "How good is the recently revamped NPS?". 4. ^ "NPS: Now you can open a NPS account completely online via Aadhar without sending physical documents - The Economic Times". Retrieved 17 January 2017. 5. ^ "Tax parity for NPS and EPF members is a welcome step - The Economic Times". Retrieved 17 January 2017. 6. ^ "Budget 2017: Arun Jaitley likely to make National Pension system totally tax-free". FinancialExpress.com. 16 January 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017. 7. ^ "Streamlining of National Pension System (NPS)". 8. ^ "NPS withdrawal made tax-free like PPF, EPF". 9. ^ "How good is the recently revamped NPS?". 10. ^ "NPS: Now you can open a NPS account completely online via Aadhar without sending physical documents - The Economic Times". Retrieved 17 January 2017. 11. ^ "Tax parity for NPS and EPF members is a welcome step - The Economic Times". Retrieved 17 January 2017. 12. ^ "Tax treatment of NPS set to change". 13. ^ "Scrap the NPS annuity: Makes more sense to go for systematic withdrawal plan". 14. ^ "Budget 2017: Arun Jaitley likely to make National Pension system totally tax-free". FinancialExpress.com. 16 January 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017. 15. ^ "10 things Arun Jaitley can do to make it a Budget for the middle class". 17 September 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017 – via The Economic Times.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 DEFFERENCE BETWEEN GPF AND NPS PENSION SCHEME

Punyashil S.Tembhurne Late N. P. W. College, Lakhni Dist.Bhandara

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Abstracts: Pension provides secure life for employee and family. It creates future plan for the people who are in the government job. Pension is necessary for all human beings. Old pension scheme and National Pension Scheme are utilised by the government of India to the employee . But there is deference between Old and New National Pension Scheme. Old pension Scheme is regularised to the government employee who received job before 2005.

Keynotes: Pension scheme, GPF and NPS.

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Introduction : Government employees of India are unable to receive pension from Central and state government. Thousands of government people protest at Jantar Mantar demand to increase pension not accepted .It is true that security must be provided to the family of retired person. After the death of government employee , his family would be orphan so that maintenance of family the pension should be provided by the government of India. The National Pension System works on defined contribution basis. Employee of India who died suddenly after 1 November 2005 will not get the benefit of pension from the Government.

Government has founded the department of pension and pensioners, welfare is the nodal department for formulation of policies relating to pension & other retirement benefits of Central Government Pensioners/ family Pensioners. It also serves as a forum for redress of pensioners’ Grievances. There are rules and regulation of Old pension Scheme ,

• Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules,1972 • The Pensions Act,1971 • Central Civil Services (Commutation of Pension) Rules, 1981 (Amended upto 06.06.2013) • Central Civil Services (Extraordinary Pensions) Rules • General Provident Fund (Central Services) Rules,1960 • Contributory Provident Fund(India) Rules,1962 • Payment of Arrears of Pension (Nomination) Rules,1983

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 Above all pension scheme are allowed to the employee who are before 1 nov.2005. But after 2005 the government employees do not get the benefits of Old Pension scheme. It is the right of all employees according to constitution. But our government has made this discrimination between Old pension and New pension scheme. Central government servant retiring in accordance with the Pension Rules is entitled to receive pension on completion of at least 10 year of qualifying service. In the case of Family Pension the widow is eligible to receive family pension on death of her spouse after completion of one year of continuous service or even before completion of one year [1]. Here the pension scheme is in favour of the employee who joint before 2005. But what about after 2005, it is completely undescribed.

Death /retirement gratuity this is payable to the retiring Government servant. A minimum of 5 years qualifying service and eligibility to receive service gratuity/ pension is essential to get this one time lump sum benefit. As per General Provident Fund( Central Services) Rules,1960 all temporary Government servant after a continuous service of one year, all re-employed pensioners (other than those eligible for admission to the Contributory Provident Fund) and all permanent government servants are eligible to subscribe to the fund. However, these rules are not applicable to any government servant who join service on or after 1.1.2004. A subscriber, at the time of joining the fund is required to make a nomination, in the prescribed form, conferring on one or more persons the right to receive the amount that may stand to his credit in the fund in the event of his death, before that amount has become payable has not been paid. A subscriber shall subscribe monthly to the fund except during the period when he is under suspension. Subscribed to the provident fund are stopped 3 months prior to the date of superannuation. The rules provide for drawal advances/ withdrawals from the fund for specific purposes. The condition for withdrawal from the fund have been liberalized and now no documentary proof is required to be furnished by the subscriber for GPF withdrawal. On retirement of a subscriber, instructions have been issued for immediate payment of final balance on retirement. The Contributory Provident Fund Rules (India),1962 are applicabla to every non-pensionable servant of the Government belonging to any of the services under the control of the president.

The Maharashtra Government has decided to revise the pension and family pension of former government employees, who retired between 2006 and 2009, state Finance Minister said.[3] National Pension Scheme is managed by the Pension Fund Regulatory and development authority. It is a pension scheme which helps the retiree to fulfil different retirement needs. The National Pension Scheme was first introduced in the year 2004[2]. The major aim of the NPS has always been to in still the habit of saving for the retirement phase among senior citizens of the country. But in Old Pension scheme has not provided any security to the employee , this is the main draw back in India. There are compassionate Allowance,( i)a servant who is dismissed or removed from services shall forfeit his pension.(ii) A compassionate allowance sanctioned under the proviso to sub-rule. Family Pension is granted to the widow/ widower and where there is no

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 widow/widower to the children of a Government servant who entered in service in a pensionable establishment on or after 01/01/1964 but on or before 31.12.2003 or having entered service prior to that date came to be governed by the provisions of the family pension scheme for central government employees, 1964 if such a Government servant (i)dies while in service on or after 01/01/1064 or (ii)retired / died before 31.12.1964 .

Conclusion : General Pension Fund should be given to the government employee who are in the service after 1 November 2005. It is beneficial for all employee and their family members. ‘NO PENSION NO VOTE’

REFERENCES

[1] http://pensionersportal.gov.in/retire-benifit.asn [2] http://www.rappev.com/nps-national- pension- scheme.php [3] http://www.livemint.com

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 NEW PENSION SYSTEM: PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES

Dr. Rajesh N. Sonkusare Arts and Commerce College, Bhisi Dist. Chandrapur (M.S.)

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Abstract : If you are an employee working in any government or private organization, you must have heard about the National Pension Scheme by not. National Pension Scheme is a retirement savings account scheme which is tax-efficient, easily accessible, portable and flexible. In this scheme, not only the employee, but the employer can also contribute to the welfare of the individual in some specific ways. NPS is a voluntary contribution of funds for a specified time period.

Keywords: New Pension, GDP, Money, Retirement, Investment, Inflation

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Introduction: Actually, it is a decentralized micro-pension scheme that works under an appropriate regulatory framework. In the Indian context, these schemes seem more fitting in the social framework of the country than the centralized schemes with little flexibility. [1] Current old-age public pension spending varies between less than 1 and more than 10 percent of GDP. To increase investment, many countries have allowed private players to offer a privately managed scheme where the pension benefit depends on contributions and investment returns. [2]

NPS is also based on such outlines. In this scheme, one can make a contribution up to the age of 60. One can withdraw the pension once one achieves an age of 60. The scheme is monitored by PFRDA (Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority). The new pension scheme is launched basically for those people who do not have any benefit of pension after they get retirement from their services. Under this scheme, a person can voluntarily build up a pension for a long period of time. This contribution helps the person to withdraw pension after attaining an age of 60 years.

Discussion: Before understanding the problems and challenges of the plan, we must understand the features of the plan. The major benefits provided by the NPS are:

1. There are endless investment options to choose from. 2. You can choose from India’s biggest 8 fund managers like ICICI Prudential Pension Fund Management Co. Ltd., Kotak Mahindra Pension Management Co. Ltd., Reliance Capital Pension Fund Ltd., UTI Retirement solutions Ltd., HDFC Pension Management Co. Ltd., LIC Pension Fund Ltd., SBI Pension Funds Pvt. Ltd. And Birla Sunlife Insurance Co. Ltd.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 3. For the distribution of the contribution made for the fund, one can choose between the auto and active choice. You can contribute up to 50% in the equity, and if you make an active choice, you have the option to make a choice of the percentage distribution. You can opt about how much percentage of contribution needs to be distributed between the equity, gilt and corporate fund. 4. When one opens a National Pension System account, one gets a permanent Retirement account number (PRAN). 5. The account of the NPS is structured in two tiers: • Tier-I account: From this account, one cannot withdraw the amount up to maturity. The amount deposited in this account can be invested as per the instructions set by the subscriber. • Tier-II account: This account can be created only when a Tier-I account is active. One can withdraw the amount from this account as per the needs of the subscriber. 6. Portable account: The account offers very high portability. It can be shifted across various jobs and different locations. 7. The account is managed by NPS Trust. This assures transparent investment norms, performance review, and regular monitoring.

Problems And Challenges Faced By The New Pension Scheme: As you have observed, there are endless benefits provided by the NPS. However, all of these benefits are not enough to attract customers in large numbers. There are various reasons for it highlighted by people. Let us discuss all of them one by one.

Money gets locked for up to 60 years: People give the reason that the money gets locked up to the age of 60. However, this reason for pension fund does not have a solid ground. No retirement fund ever comes without a lock-in time period. Without lock-in, there is a lesser probability of steady retirement. But for some who are disciplined, this lock-in annoys. Lock-in is an issue, but not a big one if only a small amount is invested. If the lock-in period can be made a little flexible with an ease of withdrawing money under certain circumstances, there is nothing best than an NPS to build up the pension fund.

Restrictions even on partial withdrawals: See, in the policy statement of the NPS, it is said that one can withdraw up to 25% of one’s own contribution in certain circumstances, like:

(a) purchasing or constructing one’s own house.

(b) to meet educational or marriage related expenses of the children after the children have completed at least 10 years of education.

(c) for the treatment of the critical illness.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 This is good that one can take out 25% of contributions made towards the fund. But the restriction is that one can take out 25% from one’s own contribution only and not from the contributions made by the employer or bonus or returns). This is the problem with NPS. If the withdrawal limit would have been 25% of the overall corpus, it had attracted more customers.

Purchase of Annuity has been made compulsory:

There is a mandatory condition attached with the NPS. When you exit the NPS at the age of 60 or during the superannuation you have to buy an annuity plan by investing 40% of the accumulated corpus. Moreover, the condition becomes all the more critical if you exit from the plan before the age of 60. In such a case you have to buy an annuity plan by investing 80% of the accumulated corpus. Actually, there are some associated problems with the annuity plans:

• They are not adjusted to meet inflation levels.

• In the year of its receipt, the annuity income is taxable.

• The rates of the annuity are very low.

This is one of the greatest challenges faced by the NPS. People do not like the NPS for this reason. Though the logic behind the annuity plan is not wrong. How can you take out the whole pension amount from the pension plan? But if the mandatory condition of annuity purchase be removed and the risk is left to the investor, I think, more people will invest in this plan.

The amount at Maturity is taxable:

As discussed earlier, 40% of the accumulated corpus needs to be invested to purchase an annuity plan. From the 60% amount that is left, only 40% is exempted from the tax. On the remaining 20% amount which you withdraw as a lump sum, you need to pay the tax. It is in contrast with PPF or EPF. The maturity amount in EPF or PPF is exempt from tax.

Limit of Equity Investment is fixed to a maximum of 50%:

Those who solely rely on NPS as an only investment for retirement are demotivated to invest in the NPS owing to the fact that only 50% of the accumulated corpus can only be invested in equity. Up to the age of 35, it is 75%, but after that, it is capped to 50%. If one doesn't look at NPS as the only investment option after retirement, it is not a problem. One can invest easily in the equity outside the NPS.

In any circumstance, the pre-mature exit is highly difficult:

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 As discussed, if you make a pre-mature exit before the age of 60, you have to buy an annuity plan with 80% of the accumulated corpus. Moreover, at a young age, the annuity rates are low. Anyone, who plans to take early retirement or need funds, he/she is liable to face problems with NPS. However, if you do not exit the NPS, you can make contributions to the NPS till the age of 70.

The product structure may change in between:

NPS is monitored and regulated by PFRDA. To keep up with the competition with mutual funds and other pension products from life insurance companies, the PFRDA may have to compromise the strengths of NPS like the low-cost structure of the NPS, limited investment in the actively managed products etc. This trend is visible if we observe the NPS from its time of inception till now. Sign-up cost, persistency charge, service charge etc. have increased considerably with the passing time. It is an assumption that once the fresh licenses will be issued the fund management costs are going to get higher.

Conclusion: If you are falling in 30% tax bracket and you want to invest just up to Rs. 50,000 per year in the NPS, the investment in NPS is a good choice. It is because if you invest Rs. 50,000 per year you get tax benefits. Section 80CCD 1B) of the Income Tax Act discusses the tax benefits. If you are not planning an early retirement anyhow and you are comfortable to block your money till the age of 60, NPS is good. If you want to build a huge retirement corpus, you must rely on other investments too.

References:

[1] International Social Security Review. “Micro-pensions in India: Issues and Challenges” – Savita Shankar and Mukul G. Asher. 01 April 2011. [2] ‘Pension Challenges and Pension Reforms in OECD Countries’ by Peter Whiteford and Edward Whitehouse (In the Oxford Review of Economic Policy). [3] https://www.personalfinanceplan.in/problems-nps-investors-stay-away/

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 PENSION REFORMS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: TRENDS, ISSUES AND IMPACTS Sachin S. Chourasia* M. B. Patel College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Deori (Dist.-Gondia) Email: [email protected]

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Abstract: The current article is an insight to the current global pension schemes. The global pension scheme study shows that while countries like croatia offers 129% of the wages as pension while it is paltry 29% in countries like UK. The old pension schemes are to be reformed as the people life expectancy is increasing across the world and the financial market is becoming more and more volatile. With the ever increasing standard of living and uncertain market situation, the existing pension schemes are proving to be insufficient and outdated. There is a dire need to reform the schemes for the benefit of the employee. The schemes should be designed is such a way that the benefit of the social security should reach to bottom section of the unorganized section as well. The technology and the direct benefit scheme should be introduce at all level for the quick delivery of the benefit to the society.

KEYWORDS: Pension schemes, social security, pension reforms.

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Global Trends Of Pension: Trends of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), has analyzed data from its 35 member countries and a number of other nations. The organization came to the conclusion that the developed countries like Netherlands, Turkey and Croatia offer more than 100% of the working wage when their employee retire. Amongst the mentioned countries, Croatia offers the highest 129% pension.

According to the Pension report of the OECD 2017(1), India with 99% along with Portugal 95% and Italy 93% has one of the highest rates of pension.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375

Fig. 1: The rate of the pension in various counties on global scale

OECD report also reveals that the lowest rates of pension are in United Kingdom (29%) while the global average is 63% and the average for the European Union is 71%.

The pension in most of the developed and much of the developing countries is now posing new problems as the life expectancy is increasing and therefore the people are being paid more pension than the systems were designed to handle. The retirees in the six countries with the largest pension system , are living between the 8-16 years longer and a whopping 16 years in Japan(2) as revealed by the data from the world bank. This is expected to create a joint shortfall of $224 trillion by 2050 in the countries like Australia, US, Canada, UK, Japan and Netherlands. Include India and China in the above scenario and the shortfall reaches to $400 trillion which is equal to the 5 times the current global economy.

TRENDS IN THE GLOBAL PENSION CRISIS: World Economic Forum has issued a new report(3) which highlights the global pension crisis the important findings of the report are as follows. 1. People are living longer than expected (fig. 2) The graph in fig. 2 shows the retirement ages for the six countries with largest pensions. It clearly shows that the life expectancy has increased which leads to the prolonged pension period.

2. Pension gap between what is needed for retirement and what is saved (fig.3) Government sponsored pensions, work or occupational pension plans, and personal savings are three main sources of income during retirement. As the people are living much longer after the retirement age, there is a gap between what we need during retirement and what we have available. This becomes of the utmost important when applied to two most populous countries (China and India) 3. Women are the worst sufferer (fig.4)

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 For women retirement balances are typically 30-40% lowers than that of men globally. With longer- life expectancies for women imbalances stretch over a longer period of time coupled with the lower wages. 4. The life expectancy gap is rising at a frightening rate (fig.5) The chart illustrates the gap in 2015 as well as the gap by 2050. By 2050, the total gap is a predicted to be a stunning amount of $400 trillion – roughly five times the size of the global economy today. 5. It’s time to act now It is easy to ignore the future but this will lead to us paying a massive economic crisis. Solution to the mentioned trends could be

✓ Review of the national retirement age ✓ Make savings easy by use of technology and automation. ✓ Improve financial literacy by introducing the it at school level ✓ Elucidate the idea of the national pension system and the benefits that will be provided ✓ standardize pension data to give a full ✓ picture of the financial position to the citizen

Fig. 2 Fig. 3

Fig. 4 Fig. 5

ISSUES RELATED TO GLOBAL PENSION SCHEMES:

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 Thought the different countries have different pension policies but most of them similar or related pension issues. An agency named the national(4) has carried out the research work on the issues concerning the pension. A brief description of the study is summarized in the following table.

INDIA (Retirement age for central government employees: 60) (Proposed retirement age: 62) Issue 1: By 2050 people with age 60-79 will make up 21 per cent of the population and those over 80 an additional 15 per cent. Pensions: Pension covers only 12 per cent of India's workforce. Unorganized sector depend on voluntary public provident fund schemes or the national pension scheme. Issue 2: A hike in the retirement age will reduce the fiscal deficit but will increase the unemployment and chances for promotions CHINA {Retirement age: 55 (women), 60 (men)} {Proposed retirement age: 60 (women), 65 (men) in Shanghai's private sector} Issue 1: Increasing the retirement age would both increase revenues and reduce expenditure but will mean fewer job opportunities for young. Pensions: After dismantling the work unit which provided the pension, individual pension accounts were set up, paid for by employees and companies. Issue 2: Coverage through work unit is low so new pension scheme for rural workers and farmers is being introduced. RUSSIA {Retirement age: 60 (men), 55 (women)} (miners, lumberjacks, pilots, cosmonauts as well as a dozen other specialists can retire earlier) Issue 1: Since the average life expectancy for Russian men is below 60, raising the retirement age would mean that many would not live to receive their pension so there were no plans to raise the retirement age. Pension: The Russian pension system has three segments: a government-paid $88 a month; an insured portion, which is eight per cent of one's wages withheld by the employer and transferred to the State Pension Fund, then paid out upon retirement; and an accumulative portion, in which six per cent of wages are withheld by the employer and paid to the State Pension Fund, but which the wage-earner can move to licensed private pension funds. Issue 2: Russian seems not to believe that six percent is enough for investing hence they do not invest much BRAZIL {Retirement age: 60 (men), 55 (women)} Issue 1: The political party in opposition opposed the raising of the retirement but when came into power advocated the pension reforms to avoid bankruptcy. Pension: The Brazilian pension system has three components: the public scheme is managed by the National Social Insurance Institute and covers all private-sector workers, beginning at 70 per cent of the beneficiary's average monthly salary and increasing gradually every yearly by one per cent up to a maximum

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 of 100 per cent; a regime for government workers; and voluntary personal pension plans which are managed privately by open and closed pension funds and various insurance companies. Issue 2: The policies and reforms related to pension changes with the change in government. UNITED STATES (Retirement age: 66) (Proposed retirement age: 69) Issue 1: Although most leaders talk of the pension reforms but nothing concrete is delivered. Recession has also increased the need for welfare provisions. Pension: The US government pension system is based on Social Security while health care is covered by Medicare and Medicaid. Most employers offer a retirement plan in which both employer and employee contribute, and people are encouraged to buy into private plans. Issue 2: A study showed that one-third of people not yet retired plan to work beyond the age of 65 compared with just 12 per cent in 1995. UAE (Retirement age: 60) Issue 1: Substantial pension plans are a burden to the Federal Government. Pension: Nationals pay a portion of their retirement into a fund. The fund is then responsible for paying out pensions equal to anywhere between 50 per cent and 100 per cent of their last monthly salary. Issue 2: Massive public-sector salary increases in the past few years have created vast differences in retirement benefits. Some employees who retired before the salary increase are upset that their pensions were not increased as well. FRANCE (Minimum retirement age: 60) (Proposed age: 62) Issue 1: It is conception that reforms attack the poorest residents. They also claim that women will have to work until 67, instead of 65, for full state pension entitlement Pension: Based on salary deductions from people currently in employment to fund the pensions of the retired. Annuities are calculated on an individual's contributions record; private top-up plans are relatively rare. Some unions urge higher contributions, but France's tax burden is already high. Issue 2: France has one of the world's lowest existing retirement ages, but high life expectancy (women 84, men 77). The proportion of over-65s will double to 50 per cent by 2050, thus "more older people, fewer of working age to support them", according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). UNITED KINGDOM (Retirement age: 65 for men and 60 for women, increasing to 66 for everyone by 2020) Issue 1: State pension is considered as the "worst in Europe" and is arguing for simplification and less bureaucracy. Pension: There is a state pension, based on one's National Insurance contributions (automatically withdrawn from one's pay cheque) over one's working life. Women who have children lose out when they stop paying National Insurance. Separately, there are additional, non-compulsory workplace pension schemes.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 Issue 2: The economic downturn has led to Britons saving less for pensions CANADA (Retirement age: 65) Issue 1: Retirees are living longer and there are concerns the CPP won't be able to able to provide adequate retirement benefits unless changes are made. Pension: Retirees can receive 25 per cent of their average career earnings up to an annual limit of $47,200. On top of that many retirees have company pensions or private registered retirement savings plans. Issue 2: Many Canadians aren't saving enough for their retirements and an estimated 11 million Canadians don't have access to workplace pension plans. SPAIN (Retirement age: 65) (Proposed age: 67) Issue 1: Opposition demands that people actually retire at age 62 or 63 and this issue must be dealt with before retirement age is raised. Pension: Spain's pension system has three segments: a state system granting 85 per cent of one's salary; plus a voluntary work pension and a private pension arrangement. Issue 2: By 2050, Spain expects that 67 per cent of its population will be retirees and therefore dependent on the old-age pension. PHILLIPINES {Retirement age: from 60 (optional) to 65 (mandatory)} Issue 1: Military and police personnel currently retire at 56, putting a huge strain on the pensions system. One senator, a former naval officer, has recommended boosting the retirement age to 65, but this was dismissed quickly by the defence secretary. Instead, the possibility of raising it to 60 has now been recommended. Pension: The system essentially has four tiers. The first tier is really a social assistance scheme for poor. The second are mandatory defined benefit schemes for private sector and for public sector employees. The third is a mandatory deposit plan, the funds of which are available upon retirement, and the fourth is a voluntary contribution to private plans. Issue 2: The government faces the possibility of having to pay more in pensions for its retired military and police personnel than for the salaries of soldiers and police in active service. EGYPT (Retirement age: Gradual increase to 65 from 60 for those entering the workforce after 2012) Issue 1: The law does not cover the country's large numbers of street vendors, cleaners and other workers not employed by either the state or companies. Pension: Under the new law, the government requires establishment of a pension and unemployment fund for each employee, in the public and private sectors, into which employers and employees will contribute. The government has said it hopes that two-thirds of each individual's pension fund would be invested in government bonds and the rest in other investment funds.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 Issue 2: The investment portfolio needs to be diversified, the finance ministry has said, so the state pension fund will begin directing billions of dollars into private investments, including private equity, real estate, land and corporate bonds, as of January 2012. Impact Of The Pension Reforms On Economy : Bangkok based organization International Labour Office (ILO) has published in its report that around 90% of the world’s working population is not covered by pension schemes. Those covered do not have adequate financial security post retirement. In Asia and Pacific the situation is bad and getting even worse with time. About India the report says that recently it has managed to set up a social insurance pension scheme after 50 years of independence.

The key findings of the report can be summerized as:

➢ Former Soviet Union has witnessed the worthlessness of the pension schemes with the collapse of the national economies.

➢ In Africa, the pension schemes are weak and badly managed, in general.

➢ Asian countries have seen the waning of pension schemes post 1990 due to financial turmoil.

➢ In the Gulf countries, the retirement schemes are comparatively new and face major problem as most of the work group belong to the foreign countries which are not allowed to join the schemes.

➢ In Latin America and Caribbean are converting their schemes to different systems and hence are performing poorly.

The report identifies the following major reasons for the letdown of pension schemes in developing countries:

❖ In the developing country like India most of the people are employed in non-organized sector or in rural area which devoid them of the few or no benefits or worker protection.

❖ Small sector institutions having less than 10 employees are often omitted from the social security pension schemes.

❖ The existing pension schemes are poorly managed, with high administrative costs.

❖ The existing pension schemes do not have proper collection management system which results into fiscal deficit.

❖ The existing system suffers from the corruption due to unregulated financial systems.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ILO suggests the solution and measures to extend the benefit of the pension scheme to the masses:

✓ All countries should strive to cover the working member of the country under pension scheme.

✓ Measures like modification of existing pension schemes, introduction of special schemes, introduction of tax based, anti-poverty and universal schemes for the non-organized sector employee.

✓ The steps like rising the retirement age should be well analyzed as it has long term effect on the economy and working class.

✓ The nations should avoid single perfect retirement system. They should develop pluralistic designs and flexible structures for the social security schemes.

Conclusion: The review of the various pension schemes with respect to the trends, issues and impact leads to the finding that the current pension schemes are not adequate and reforms are needed to give the coverage to all the members of the society. With the fast changing scenario the age old pension systems need to re- checked and to be modified as per the needs of the employee. The introduced schemes should be technology friendly, user friendly and should ultimately benefit the end user. The benefit of the schemes should be delivered to the beneficiary directly with little or no delay. The system need to be checked and rechecked time to time and the reforms should be continuous process.

REFERENCES:

1) http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/finance-and-investment/oecd-pensions-at-a-glance_19991363. 2017. http://www.oecd- ilibrary.org. 2) https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2017/05/5-things-you-need-to-know-about-the-global-pension-crisis/. 05 2017. https://www.weforum.org. 3) https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2017/05/5-things-you-need-to-know-about-the-global-pension-crisis. 05 2017. https://www.weforum.org/. 4) https://www.ilo.org/asia/media-centre/news/WCMS_BK_PR_19_EN/lang--en/index.htm. n.d. https://www.ilo.org/asia/media-centre/news/WCMS_BK_PR_19_EN/lang--en/index.htm. 5) "https://www.thenational.ae/uae/pension-schemes-around-the-world-1.573668." n.d. https://www.thenational.ae/uae/pension-schemes-around-the-world-1.573668.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ISSUES REGARDING PENSION SCHEME IN INDIA : AN ANALYSIS BETWEEN NPS AND OLD SCHEME

Satyanarayan Nagre Sant Bhagawan Baba Arts Collage Sindkhed Raja Dist : Buldana Email: [email protected]

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Abstract : This paper tried to understand systematically which pension scheme is better, it has been observed from many peoples and employee their view on pension scheme, it has found that many of them wanted old pension scheme for their after retirement life, this paper is based on secondary data sources, data collected from some article which is published in different paper and magazine. It finds that there are many certain critical area in which the NPS has departed, in that included multiplicity of scheme, lack of investment choice, low transparency of the system, These include well designed payout policies, and professional pension systems that will influence the institutional development of the NPS to include the informal workers.

Keywords : NPS, pension, employee, retirement, old scheme, manifests, accumulated.

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Introduction : In modern India, security is very important employment point of view after the over service. Till before 2004 employment used to get old pension but government has closed that and started NPS scheme science then most of employs opposed to that there are different view on the pension scheme, That day the statement of one Union government minister was reportedly hounded out of an event in Lucknow by railway employees. Among other issues, the protesters angry to the new pension scheme and demanded the reestablishment of the old system. Now a these day Not only in just Uttar Pradesh, fighting against the scheme has been brewing but also across the country and often manifests in mass protest demonstrations. Some recently retired government employees put their opinion they can’t even pay their monthly electricity bills with the pension amount. Many of them covered under the new contribution-based pension system are receiving as little as Rs 700-800 as monthly pension while the minimum amount in the old defined benefit scheme is Rs 9,000. They have to require to pay 10% of monthly from their wages which is matched by the government which is invested in equity shares. Retirement pensions are dependent on the returns on that accumulated investment.

When we talk about old pension system, in this scheme the entire pension amount was borne by the government while fixed returns were guaranteed for employee contribution in the direction of the General

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 Provident Fund (GPF). The government pays 50 percent of the last drawn salary plus dearness allowance (DA) as pension to employees after retiring, and to their dependent family members in case of death.

What is the new pension scheme and how is it different from the old one?

As per government rules and relation National Pension System (NPS) contribution scheme essential for all new recruits to the Central government. Armed forces are not included in that) joining on or after January 1, 2004. All state governments, have also made it mandatory. Only west Bengal excluded as far as state is concern.

In 2009, the scheme was extended to all Indian citizens from 18-60 years of age, however, the 10 percent government involvement is only for government employees. An independent Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA), set up in 2013, regulates the NPS.

The National pension scheme NPS

The NPS has divided into two tiers – Tier first which is mandatory for all government employees and has a fixed lock-in period. Those who are Subscriber can only withdraw the collected wealth after they retire 60 years old. A latest amendment allows them to withdraw 25 percent of the employee contribution in case of emergencies. Even at the time of retirement of employee, can withdraw only 60 percent of the total amount, which is taxable, and it’s compulsory to invest the rest 40 percent to buy a lifelong annuity scheme with the help of an IRDA-regulated insurance company. If they leave the scheme or retire before attaining the age of 60, 80 percent of the pension wealth has to be invested in the annuity scheme.

Tier 2 is a voluntary account, more of a substitute for the GPF where one can withdraw any amount at any time. The government does not contribute anything in the tier 2 account. Unlike the pension and GPF in the old scheme, the NPS does not guarantee any fixed returns as it is market-linked.

Projection troubles or discriminatory by design

Since the NPS covers employees recruited after December 2003 and the age of retirement is 60, most employees are yet to benefit the new pension benefits.

There is some questions on being asked why they were protesting more than a decade after the old scheme was replaced to new scheme, the employees answered they initially had slight understanding of the scheme as there were no active efforts to educate them or raise awareness about it. Some of them were told that NPS was better as the government was also matching their contributions. “Many employees have been protesting from the start but NPS was forced on us nevertheless. Such large-scale movements take time. We were fewer in number and it took time to organise,”

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 A protest against the new pension scheme. There are Many experts and supporters of the scheme debate that just like a standard Systematic Investment Plan, long-term capital gains under NPS would be better than before. However, protesting employees argue that for those retiring after 10-12 years under NPS, the accumulated wealth is too less to provide substantial amount as pensions.

Why the current government needs to re-evaluate its strategy regarding PF withdrawal

There is one employee he said the total accumulated wealth in my NPS account on retirement was Rs 3.25 lakhs even when I got 13 percent interest rate on it. After 60 percent of it was paid to me on retirement, I am getting less than Rs 700 every month as pension through the annuity scheme,”

Bhatia was made permanent in November 2006 and retired in 2013. NPS was enforced in Haryana from 2006 itself. He says his colleagues who were recruited not long before him are receiving over Rs 15,000 as pension under the old scheme. To be sure, employees did not need to contribute anything to avail pension in the earlier scheme. Under NPS, employees have to fund half of their pension themselves.

If they want a GPF-like option where there’s no strict lock-in period, they have to additionally deposit money in the tier 2 account. They say this leaves them with less disposable income and even then, they live in constant anxiety of losing their money in the equity market. “If the government wanted to encourage us to invest in mutual funds, we should have been educated about it and it should be optional for those willing to risk it. The government is forcing us into it instead of providing a safety net,”

Speculative benefits instead of safety net

“The minimum pension amount under the old scheme is Rs 9,000 which has been calculated keeping in mind entry-level minimum wages. Real pension amounts are considerable higher as nobody retires on entry- level wages. In the new scheme, even those who have worked for a decade are getting as little as Rs 1,000- 2,000. This is a disastrous policy,” some researcher and economist also alleges that both the UPA and NDA governments, through this scheme, have been using public money to help those who profit through speculation in the share market at the cost of vulnerable government employees.

In addition to nervousness because of a mistrust in market-linked schemes, the employees also feel they are being discriminated against as armed forces recruits are still covered under the old scheme and they feel their fellow colleagues covered under the old scheme are getting a better deal. Clearly defined pension amounts and a safety net in the form of fixed interest rates on GPF were the main attractions for a government job for these employees who typically spend their whole working lives in the public sector

Current state of economy adding to woes

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 The current state of the economy does nothing to inspire confidence in these employees as they see their interest rates dip in the aftermath of events like demonetisation and Goods and Services Tax. “We were told that our money in the market would also help avoid a 2008-like economic recession. How are we to trust this logic when people like Vijay Mallya and Nirav Modi Rahul choksi run away with thousands of crores of public money? When even our pension fund managers like SBI goes into massive losses?”

A sporadic moment of unity among government employees

As word banquets of an organised movement against the new pension scheme, employees from different government departments and states are joining in. Leaders of the movement say this is one of the rare issues that has united government employees from very diverse sectors and geographical locations. There are many Workers from the banking sector are also lending their voice to the protest. Approval of demands submitted to the Indian Banks’ Association by the All India Bank Officers’ Federation also demands scrapping of the NPS. “Either we go to the old scheme or this scheme can itself be converted into an assured pension scheme. We have also given a workaround on how it can be done. If invested properly, it is possible to guarantee assured income. Instead of investing in the market, the fund can be used in lending activities. Retail lending can alone fetch 12-15% interest and we can avoid the whims of the market, Even while suggesting how to ease anxieties regarding market volatility, Franco’s preference remains going back to the old scheme. Since no concrete action was taken to address their concerns even after multiple appeals to all concerned authorities, the NMOPS has planned to mobilise lakhs of government employees from across India and march to the parliament on Monday.

Conclusion : The above discction has been discussed that most of employee are not happy with new pension scheme. Some people supported to NPS employee benefit point of view, dissection, whatever the benefit is getting of NPS scheme which not good as much as old pension scheme.

References

Anagol, Santosh, Shawn Cole, and Shayak Sarkar (2012): “Understanding the Incentives of Commissions Motivated Agents: Theory and Evidence from the Indian Life Insurance Market,” Working Paper 12-055, Harvard Business School. Anagol, Santosh, and Hugh Hoikwang Kim (2012): “The Impact of Shrouded Fees: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in the Indian Mutual Funds Market,” American Economic Review, 102(1), 576–93. Antolin, Pablo (2008): “Policy Options for the Payout Phase,” Working Papers on Insurance and Private Pensions 25, OECD, OECD Publishing. Bhardwaj, Gautam, and Surendra A. Dave (2005): “Towards estimating India’s implicit pension debt on account of civil service employees,” Working paper, Invest India Economic Foundation. CRIISP (2011): “Report of the Committee to Review Implementation of Informal Sector Pension,” Discussion paper, PFRDA.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 Dave, Surendra A. (2006): “India’s Pension Reform: A Case Study in Complex Institutional Change,” in Documenting Reforms: Case Studies From India, ed. by S. Narayan. Macmillan India and Observer Research Foundation. Department of Financial Services (2014): “Pension reforms in India,” Discussion paper, Department of Financial Services, http:// financialservices.gov.in/pensionreforms_index.asp. Halan, Monika, Renuka Sane, and Susan Thomas (2013): “The case of the missing billions: Estimating losses to customers due to mis-sold life insurance policies,” Working Paper WP-2013-007, IGIDR.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 REALITY OF THE PENSIONERS REFLECTED IN THE W.B.YEATS’S “THE LAMENTATION OF THE OLD PENSIONER”

Shitalbabu Tayade Ramkrushna Mahavidyalaya, Darapur [email protected]

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Introduction : Now a day the issue of the pensioners is in the media. The reason of the policies of the government. The pain and anguish of the pensioners is reflected through the literature throughout the ages. Amongst the poet of the past W.B.Yeats plays very key role in the presentation of the sufferings of the pensioners.William Butler Yeats was born at Sandymount in County Dublin, Ireland. Spiritualism, Occultism and astrology is the main concern in his writings His poetic models are lookalike that of Shelley and Spenser.His poem “The Lamentation of the Old Pensioner” compares and contrast with the young and old age of human being.The title of the poem is very significant. It indicates that the poet is pensioner. Generally the pensioners are the retired persons who look through the spects of old age to their young life. Lamentation means bereavement of crying over the loss of something, person or of some precious things in the life. In the poem he tries to explain the discomfort and agony of the old retired life.

Poem- “The Lamentation of the Old Pensioner”

ALTHOUGH I shelter from the rain Under a broken tree, My chair was nearest to the fire In every company That talked of love or politics, Ere Time transfigured me. Though lads are making pikes again For some conspiracy, And crazy rascals rage their fill At human tyranny, My contemplations are of Time That has transfigured me. There's not a woman turns her face Upon a broken tree, And yet the beauties that I loved Are in my memory;

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 I spit into the face of Time That has transfigured me.

(Wikipedia-poetry-archive.com)

The poet says that whenever he is in trouble and in the rain he takes the support of the tree, but in the old age,after the retirement he is not able to get the shadow of the fully grown tree, but that of broken tree. The tree which cannot protect him from the rain. The term which he uses in the poem is that of broken tree which indicates the shattered and degraded view of the life. Poet confesses over the time. He never complains about the law of the nature but he talk about the transformation issues of his own life which reflects the reality of the human existence.

After the retirement the thing gets changed. Before the retirement the issue of the priority always remain the zestful. One is always talked of the energetic and zestful things.Poet knows the reality. He says time has changed me. Before the retirement he with his friends always talked of politics and love in the company of the friends but he was never closer to the warmth of power. These things are became the things of the past. No one is in his company. He had left it all far behind. He states the difference between young and the retired age. The poet feels very depressed. He compares his past with that of present. In the past he possesses very great fortune but after the retirement he is against the power and the supremacy of the youth age and he recalls the memories of the past. He finds that that the youths are prone to get the power, they shows great enthusiasm in the transformation of the scene. They also excited to get the power and so shows eagerness to turn out the opponents. The poet is observer of the activities of the youths but maintain to remain silent because he knows that the old age has completely converted him into the silent man. He describes the zest of the youth during his past days. He used to sit in the company of his friends near the fire and the topics which he used to discussed were related to politics and love. It was during his days of youth he got good company to discuss the issues related to the love and politics. Now the days are bygone and far from the individual hold. He ponder over the issue of the physical appearance in the poem. With the law of nature everything which came in to being has the ultimate end. The theory of the existence of the nature relates to the survival of the human being. Once upon a time during the youth poet has charm and glory of the youth when the lovely faces turns towards him. After the retirement the days and the responses are changed. He has no one to take care of. Beauties are turning the faces from him. Poet involves himself in the memories of the past and cherished the memory of the past which revised his presence amongst the young and beautiful faces. Although he is old now, he is sad and throws his anger at a time that has changed him. The poet has made three shifts in the subject matter in three respective stanzas to show the comparison and contrast between his young and old age. Thus the poet made comparison between the old and the young age .The real issues of the old age after the retirement are highlighted in the poem. Poet yearns for the days of his youth.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 He describe the old age as the curse. Pensioner’s life is not well-thought-of. Social issues are another aspect which retired people has to suffer. Their social life became conical due to the loss of ability of the work. Relatives , friends and siblings tries to avoid due to incapacity of the pensioner. Even the participation in the social gathering lessens due to the health reason. His home became the centre of the entire activities. His family members’ and the interactions with the family members remain the only amuse for him. Due to this they remain isolated andalone.

Financial Problem is the biggest issue in every human life. Retirement from the service generally effects on the income. It suddenly decreases the regular income of the serviceman. Usually the income after retirement is very inadequate to meet with the coat of living. Regular income of the retired persons became too insufficient to cope up with the basic necessities and problems of the life. “ with the reduces income they are reversed from the state of Chief bread winner to a mere dependent ” though they spend their provident fund on marriages of children , acquiring new property, education of children and family maintenance, The diagnosis and treatment of their diseases created more financial problem for old age.(yourarticlelibrary.com). Though the poet regard the life of the pensioners in his perspective still the conditions still the setting , surrounding and the environment relates to the entire human race.

Conclusion : As stated by the poet W.B.Yeats the life of the retired pensioners has to travel through the gloom and dejection of the life. It is the condition of the persons who are getting full pension then what will happen if the benefits are withdrawn by the government. The condition of the retired persons will be more pathetic. The same is the contemporary scenario of the retired persons who are brought within the periphery of Desired Contribution Pension Scheme (DCPS). Government has issued the resolution of the DCPS which is totally against the pensioners and their family members. New pension scheme push the retired persons in to the doldrums of the sufferings which is directly relates to the realism reflected by the W.B.Yeats in his poem “The Lamentation of the Old Pensioner”.

Reference

• http://www.poetry-archive.com/y/the_lamentation_of_the_old_pensioner.html • http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/india-2/top-5-problems-faced-in-old-age/47679 • Fast Track II, Fondation Books , Cambridge University Press India Pvt. Ltd.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 PENSION SCHEME FOR GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES: ISSUES & CONCERNS

Dr. Waman G. Jawanjal Bar. RDIK & NKD College, Badnera (Rly.) Dist Amravati. [email protected]

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Abstract : The refusing allow to have old Pension Scheme i. e. Gratuity,Provident Fund, Family Pension for the Government Employees who has joined after 31st October 2005is a major blow to social security. Even after rendering services for 22 to28 years Government employees have no security in their old age. Number of Govt. servants is not aware of the consequences after their retirement. Government of India introduced the New Defined Contributory Pension Scheme replacing the existing system of defined Benefit Pension System in December 2003. The Government will make an equal matching contribution. However, there will be no contribution from the Government in respect of individuals who are not Government employees. The in February 2003 constituted a Group to study pension liabilities of the State Governments. The situation in Karnataka has been no different Pension Payments increased in compare of 2004-2005. There are different kinds of of pension schemes i.e. Superannuation, Retiring Pension, Voluntary Retirement, Invalid Pension, Compensation Pension, Compulsory Retirement Pension, Compassionate Allowance, Extraordinary Pension, Family Pension.

Key words - Government, employees, National, Pension, System, contributions, servant Extraordinary, etc.

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Introduction : Government of India introduced the New Defined Contributory Pension Scheme replacing the existing system of defined Benefit Pension System in December 2003. The new system is applicable to all new entrants to Central Government joining Government service on or before 01.01.2004.Based on the changes made by the Government of India and the recommendation of the Group set by the Reserve Bank of India, many States like Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala introduced the New Defined Contributory Scheme for their new employees.

The National Pension System works on defined contribution basis and will have two types I and II. Contribution to type I is mandatory for all Government servants joining Government service on or after 1-1- 2004 (except the armed forces in the first stage), whereas type II will be optional and at the discretion of Government servants. In type I, a Government servant will have to make a contribution of 10% of his basic

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 pay plus DA, which will be deducted from his salary bill every month by the PAO concerned. The Government will make an equal matching contribution. However, there will be no contribution from the Government in respect of individuals who are not Government employees.

Differentiate Benefit of Pension : Type I contributions (and the investment returns) will be kept in a limited partial withdrawable Pension type I Account. type II contributions will be kept in a separate account that will be withdrawable at the option of the Government servant. Government will not make any contribution to type II account.

The existing provisions of Defined Benefit Pension and GPF would not be available to the new recruits in the central Government service, i.e. to the Government servants joining Government service on or after 1-1- 2004. However, retirement gratuity and death gratuity would be extended to the central government employees covered under NPS on the same terms and conditions as applicable under CCS (Pension) Rules, 1972.

In order to implement the Scheme, there will be a Central Record Keeping Agency (CRA) and several Pension Fund Managers (PFM) to offer three categories of Schemes to Government servants, viz., options A,B and C based on the ratio of investment in fixed income instruments and equities. The participating entities (PFMs and CRA) would give out easily under stable information about past performance, so that the individual would be able to make informed choices about which scheme to choose. An independent Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) will regulate and develop the NPS.

A Government servant can exit at or after the age of 60 years from the type I of the Scheme. At exit, it would be mandatory for him to invest 40 per cent of pension wealth to purchase an annuity (from an IRDA- regulated Life Insurance Company) which will provide for annuity for the lifetime of the employee and his dependent parents/spouse. He would receive a lump-sum of the remaining pension wealth which he would be free to utilize in any manner. In the case of Government servants who leave the Scheme before attaining the age of 60, the mandatory annuitization would be 80% of the pension wealth.

Provisionally, central government employees covered under NPS has option to choose benefits under old pension scheme or NPS in the event of their death or discharge from service on invalidation.

Role of Karnataka Govt. about DCPS : The growing issue of pension liabilities of the states came up for discussion during the conference of State Finance Secretaries held in the Reserve Bank of India In January 2003. A comprehensive examination of all the issues relating to state pension liabilities was considered crucial. The Reserve Bank of India in February 2003 constituted a Group to study pension liabilities of the State Governments. The situation in Karnataka has been no different Pension Payments increased in compare of 2004-2005. The medium term Fiscal Plan for Karnataka 2004-2005 to 2007-2008 stress the need National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 72

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 through structural reforms for the unfunded Defined Benefit Pension System to be converted to a Contributory Funded Pension Scheme. The State Government announced its decision to adopt wide ranging reforms in pension funding and employee related costs to reduce burden of governance cost of citizens. The Government has approved the new defined contributory pension scheme and to operationalise the new scheme to all new entrants to state Government service joining on or after 1st April 2006.

Kinds of Pension : There are different kinds of of pension schemes i.e. Superannuation, Retiring

Pension, Voluntary Retirement, Invalid Pension, Compensation Pension, Compulsory

Retirement Pension, Compassionate Allowance, Extraordinary Pension, Family Pension,

Superannuation A superannuation pension shall be granted to a Government servant who is retired on his attaining the age of superannuation

Retiring Pension: A retiring pension shall be granted to a Government servant who retires, or is retired before attaining the age of Superannuation or to a Government servant who, on being declared surplus opts, for voluntary retirement

Voluntary Retirement: Any Government servant can apply for voluntary retirement, three months in advance, only after the completion of twenty years of his qualifying service, provided there is no vigilance or Departmental Enquiry pending /initiated against him/her.

Invalid Pension: Invalid Pension may be granted if a Government servant applies for retirement from the service on account of any bodily or mental infirmity which permanently incapacitates him/her for the service. The request for invalid pension has to be supported by medical report from the competent medical board.

Compensation Pension: If a Government servant is selected for discharge owing to the abolition of a permanent post, he shall, unless he is appointed to another post the conditions of which are deemed by the authority competent to discharge him/her to be at least equal to those of his own, have the option.

(1) of taking compensation pension to which he may be entitled for the service he had rendered, or

(2) of accepting another appointment on such pay as may be offered and continuing to count his previous service for pension.

Compulsory Retirement Pension: A Government servant compulsorily retired from service as a penalty may be granted, by the authority competent to impose such penalty, pension or gratuity, or both at a rate not

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 less than two-thirds and not more than full compensation pension or gratuity, or both admissible to him on the date of his compulsory retirement. The pension granted or allowed shall not be less than Rs. 9,000/- p.m.

Compassionate Allowance: (i) A Government servant who is dismissed or removed from service shall forfeit his pension and gratuity: Provided that the authority competent to dismiss or remove him from service may, if the case is deserving of special consideration, sanction a compassionate allowance not exceeding two-thirds of pension or gratuity or both which would have been admissible to him if he had retired on compensation pension.

(ii) A compassionate allowance sanctioned under the proviso to sub-rule (i) shall not be less than Rs. 9,000/- p.m.

Extraordinary Pension: Extraordinary Pension in the form of Disability pension/extraordinary family pension may be paid to the Government servant/his family if disablement/death (or the aggravation of disablement/death)of the Government servant, during his service, are attributed to the Government service. For the award of extraordinary pension, there should thus be a casual connection between disablement and Government service; and death and Government service, for attributability or aggravation to be conceded. The quantum of the pension, however, depends upon the category of the disablement/death.

Government servants appointed on or after 1.1.2004 are not covered by the CCS (Extraordinary Pension) Rules.

Family Pension: Family pension is granted to the widow / widower and where there is no widow / widower to the children of a Government servant who entered in service in a pensionable establishment on or after 01/01/1964 but on or before 31.12.2003 or having entered service prior to that date came to be governed by the provisions of the Family Pension Scheme for Central Government Employees, 1964 if such a Government servant-

(i) dies while in service on or after 01/01/1964 or (ii) retired/died before 31.12.1963 or (iii) retires on or after 01/01/1964 and at the time of his death was in receipt of pension.

Family pension is payable to the children up to 25 years of their age, or marriage or till they start earning a monthly income exceeding Rs.9,000/- + DA admissible from time to time p.m. whichever is earlier. Widow daughter / divorced daughter/ unmarried daughter of deceased Government servant is also entitled for the family pension till her remarriage or up to life time or starts earning a monthly income exceeding Rs.9,000/- + DA admissible from time to time p.m. whichever is earlier.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 Family pension is payable to wholly dependent parents of the deceased Government servants i.e. 01/01/98, when he/she is not survived by a widow or eligible child. The family pension will be payable to mother first, failing which to the father. If the son or daughter, of a Government servant is suffering from any disorder or disability of mind or is physically crippled or disabled so as to render him or her unable to earn a living even after attaining the age of 25 years, the family pension can continue to be paid for life time subject to conditions.

Conclusion : The maximum limit for commutation has been raised to 40% i.e. 1.1.1996.A Government servant is now entitled to commute for a lump sum payment up to 40% of his/her pension. Payments under Central Government Employees Group Insurance Scheme (CGEGIS) are not terminal benefit and cannot be withheld. No Government dues can be recovered from the accumulation except the amount claimed by the financial institution as dues from the employee on account of loans taken for house building purpose. No interest is payable on account of the delayed payments under this scheme Dues to Municipality (water and electricity charges etc.) and Co-operative Societies are not treated as Government dues, since Municipal Committees and Co-operative Societies are not considered as Government bodies/organizations. No recovery of such dues can be made from the DCRG.

In 1970s many employees were statistically bankrupt due to the expected cost of their defined benefit retirement programs. Starting in the 1980s, employers switched to affordable ‘defined contribution’ retirement programs which today cover more than 100 million people. So its needs to concentrate the Governments attention to DCPS employees and try to convince them to justify for old pension scheme is essential.

Works Cited:

1. Government of Karnataka Order (Implementation of DCPS) No. FD (SPL) 04 PET 2005, Bangalore, Dated: 31st March 2006. 2. Government of Gujarat (NDCPS) Finance Department G.R. No.NPN-2003-GOI-10-P Sachivalaya, Gandhinagar Date: 18.03.2005. 3. Government of Maharashtra, Finance Section Secretariat Mumbai, 400 032 Govt. Decision No. Miscellaneous- 1009/Letter No. 39/Treasury No.-5. 4. DCPS Employees Benefits dcps https://dcps .dc.gov.>page employee-be 5. DCPS at a Glance:Enrollment dcps https://dcps .dc.gov.>page dcps –glance. 6. What is DCPS? https://community rti..com.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 FUTURE NEED - OLD PENSION

Dr. Aarti B. Padole Asst.Professor Purushottam Thote College of Social Work, Nagpur.

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ABSTRACT: India is the second most populous country in the world and has experienced demographic changes in the past 50 years by tripling of the population over the age of 60 years It is important that the growing social and health requirements of elders have to be addressed optimally and comprehensively. The responsibility of taking care of the elderly’s health and wellbeing rests with the society, as they are no longer able to fend for themselves. This has thrown a spotlight on the importance of old-age income security schemes. so social security is very necessary in old age .article focused on historical perspective of pension schemes. this paper discuss on NPS and old pension schemes. This paper presents on importance of old pension schemes in future . KEYWORDS: NPS, old pension, social security,

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HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF PENSION SCHMES: Pre-Independence Pension System The British started the pension system in Asian nation when the Indian struggle for independence in 1857. This was the reflection of the pension theme then prevailing in Great Britain. But the provisions of this technique discouraged the workers for making a monetary protect their post-retirement life. So, tackling to any or all these issues, the Indian Pension Act 1871 replaced the Pension System of 1857. After that, temporary will increase were done often in pension to compensate the increasing costs, and the concept of dearness allowance came in the light to satisfy the pensioners. But, like in most developing countries, there was no universal social security system to protect the elderly against economic deprivation. The Royal Commission on Civil institutions, in1881, first awarded pension benefits to the government employees. The Government of Asian nation Acts of 1919 and 1935 created any provisions. These schemes were later consolidated and expanded to provide retirement benefits to the entire working population of the public sector. Post-Independence Pension System Post-independence, many provident funds were started to increase coverage to the personal sector staff. Today, major retirement schemes in Asian nation embrace provident fund, gratuity, and pension plans. The first 2 plans give payment old-age pension whereas the last one makes payment within the style of a monthly rente. The following general features characterize these schemes i.e. they are necessary, occupation primarily based, earnings connected, and have embedded insurance cover against disability and death. National Pension Scheme Work National Pension theme (NPS) could be a Government program underneath The National Pension System of Asian nation. The theme appearance forward to securing staff post retirement. The Government of Asian National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 76

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 nation adopted the system from first Gregorian calendar month 2004. Under the NPS, every candidate has to acquire PRAN (permanent retirement account number) for the allotment of eligibility. In the year 2009, The Government of India made National Pension Scheme, a retirement saving scheme for all government as well as private sector employees. The functioning of NPS The NPS accounts are largely divided into two tiers. Tier 1-where you create your contributions for your retirement years. This could be a non-withdrawable account and Tier 2-which is a voluntary savings facility. You are liberal to create the withdrawals of your savings whenever you would like. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN OLD PENSION AND NEW PENSION:

1. GPF facility is available for old pensioners, while the new pension scheme does not have GPF

2. There is no deduction from salary for old pension, while the new pension scheme has a deduction of 10% per month from salary 3. At the time of retirement, in the old pension scheme, guarantees of a certain pension (50% of the last salary), whereas in the new pension scheme, how much pension will be available, it is not certain, it is entirely dependent on the stock market and the insurance company. 4. The old pension gives the government while the new pension insurance company will give it. If there is a problem, then we will not have to fight with the insurance company but the government. 5. For the old pensioners, gratuity on retirement (paid 16.5 months as per the last salary) is given, while the government has recently got the system of gratuity for the new pensioners whose information is also available below. 6. Old pensioners get death gratuity on death during the service period, which has been increased from 10 lakh to 2 million by 7 pc whereas death gratuity has been provided recently for new pensioners.

NPS IS NOT POPULAR: Main reason = Low Commission 1. Because NPS offers very low Commission to Fund managers (ICICI, SBI, UTI etc.) 2. So those players (ICICI, SBI) rather prefer to market their own pension, insurance, retirement plans rather than promoting NPS among their (regular) bank customers. 3. Same goes for financial advisor, insurance agents etc. They get additional Commission by promoting pension/insurance/retirement plans of personal firms to their shoppers, compared to NPS. Tax Implications 1. Income Tax benefits under NPS are not significantly higher than the existing investment options. 2. Similarly, the ‘Exempt, Exempt, Tax’ (EET) under NPS is a great discouraging factor. Other reasons 1. In NPS, there are multiple actors: POPs, PFRDA, CRA and fund managers. 2. NPS doesn’t offer uniform rate of return. 3. Common people find this setup difficult and unsecure, unlike tried and trusted LIC or PPF. IMPORTANCE OF OLD PENSION: Deduction was made along with your PF deduction. But You get tight quantity as pension once retirement. But in current NPS, you have to invest your own money in Mutual fund kind of instrument. Your earning in

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 NPS are going to be proportional to your investment. If u spends less u will earn less. So In other word NPS is nowhere close to old scheme. Here you have to spend Ur own money and return will be based on market dynamics. CONCLUSION: Financial help to the older empowers them and improves their social station, independence, self-esteem and overall quality of life. The satisfaction of close to half of the elderly population in this study with the pension amount questions the need to raise the pension amount. Further research is required to understand the implications in other domains like health needs. With increasing proportion of elderly in Indian population, it is important to study the effectiveness of such schemes so that corrective measures can be taken to facilitate its access to the disadvantaged section of the society. It is high time that the people of the country recognise the political character of the political parties on different issues. The movement for the OPS should be strengthened and pressure should be mounted on the central government so that it becomes an important issue in the upcoming general election in 2019. Employees have to strengthen their movement at their own at the state level and they must compel the state governments to implement the OPS or at least follow the Delhi government model to call a special session on the ‘issue’ and pass a resolution in favour of the employees. The movement for OPS must identify their own strength and start building structures at state level through comprehensive membership drive, creating new units and organizing dharnas, rally and strike at block district and state level. They have no other option than to fight strongly. REFERENCES: [1] Dey S, Nambiar D, Lakshmi JK, Sheikh K, Reddy KS. Aging in Asia: Findings from new and rising information Initiatives. [cited 2015 Jan 9] Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK109208/ [2] Nath A, Ingle G. Geriatric : Concerns and solutions. Indian J Community Med. 2008;33(4):214. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [3] Beneficiaries under Old Age Widow and National Security Pension Scheme Himachal Pradesh. Evaluation Division, Planning Department, Government of Himachal Pradesh. [cited 2016 Jan 9]; Available from:http://hpplanning.nic.in/beneficiaries under old age widow and national security pension scheme - himachal pradesh.pdf. [4] Chathukulam J, Beevi S, Siji K. Evaluation of Indira Nehru Gandhi National maturity Pension theme (IGNOAPS) in Puducherry. Ministry of Rural Development, Govt. of India, New Delhi. 2012. [cited 2016 Jan 9]; Available from: http://crmindia.org/files/puIGNOAPS.pdf. [5] Gupta A. Old-Age Pension Scheme in Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh. Econ Polit Wkly. 2013;48(34):1– 4.http://www.epw.in/journal/2013/34/special-articles/old-age-pension-scheme-jharkhand-and-chhattisgarh.html. [6] Old age, widow & destitute pension. [cited 2015 Apr 6]; Available from:http://wcd.puducherry.gov.in/Oap_Eng.htm. [7] Ramya T. The maturity pension and its impact on the resource possibilities of social group older individuals in Arunachal Pradesh, India. Editors: Pandey S, Singh J, International Conference On Contemporary Challenges In Management, Technology & Social Sciences at MGIMT, Lucknow; on April 2014, Page no: 330-343. [cited 2015 Apr 6]; Available from:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266678690_The_Old_Age_Pension_and_Its_Impact_on_the_Livelihood_C hances_of_Tribal_Elderly_People_in_Arunachal_Pradesh_India. [8] Evaluation Report On National Old Age Pension Scheme (NOAPS) Jammu & Kashmir. [cited 2016 Jan 9]; Available from: http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/peoreport/peo/peo_NOAPS.pdf.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HEALTH RELATED PHYSICAL FITNESS OF RURAL AND URBAN REGIONS NAGPUR DISTRICT MAHARASHTRA STATE AND C.B.S.C. BOARD SCHOOL BOYS

Dr. Jayant Kumar Ramteke S. K. Porwal college,Kamptee

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A B S T R A C T Although it is generally agreed that Physical Fitness is an important part of the normal growth and development of a child. Fitness is constantly changing and is influenced by many Factors. Health is an important input in any process of development. An unhealthy society cannot be a society of high achievers and cannot make a nation great. The objective of the study is to find out the Health related Physical Fitness of school going children of different board to suggest means to improve health related physical fitness. Three hundred boys of 12 – 14 years age group will be Randomly Selected as subjects of this study from each board. Their age records will be collected from school records. AAHPER (1987) Health-Related Physical Fitness Test battery. After data was collected suitable Statistical Procedure. Mean and Standard Deviation will be calculated and the effect will be made with the help of ‘t’ ratio. The level of significance for this study will be 0.05.

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INTRODUCATION Although it is generally agreed that Physical Fitness is an important part of the normal growth and development of a child. Fitness is constantly changing and is influenced by many factors. Fitness is based upon a solid foundation of good health. Healthful living implies freedom from disease, enough strength, endurance, skill, agility, capacity to meet the daily demands and sufficient reserves to meet extra ordinary stresses without undue fatigue, besides mental development and emotional balance according to the maturity level of the individual. Physical fitness is one of the most important things in life and one of the most valuable assets one can ever have. Health is one of the pre-requisites for a happy, well-balanced life. Health is an important input in any process of development. An unhealthy society cannot be a society of high achievers and cannot make a nation great. Health is a continuum from maximally dependent and incapacitating conditions to a maximally self-reliant blissful life. “Etymologically” the word “Health” is derived from the English term meaning “Whole” which in turn means a well-integrated holistic living state. The corresponding term in Sanskrit is ‘SWASTHYA’ which means relying on one’s own self of blissful condition (Rao, 1999).

Physical Fitness can be divided into two areas: Health-Related Physical Fitness and Skill-Related Physical Fitness (AAHPERD, 1980; Corbin and Lindsey. 1988). Health related fitness is defined as the ability to perform strenuous activity without excessive fatigue showing evidence of traits that limb the risks of developing diseases and disorders, which affect a person’s functional capacity. Components of health-related physical fitness are identified as muscular National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 79

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 strength, endurance, flexibility, cardio respiratory endurance and body composition. However, the degree of development of each varies with the type of physical activity (Sademtop, 1994). The Maharashtra State Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education is a statutory and autonomous body established under the Maharashtra Secondary Boards Act 1965 (amended in 1977).The Maharashtra State Board of Secondary Education, Pune came into existence on January 1, 1966 to regulate certain matters pertaining to secondary education in the state of Maharashtra, India. The act was amended in 1977 and the name of the Board changed to its present name - The Maharashtra State Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education. In India, a number of scholars have made attempts to assess the physical fitness of body and girls of different age groups on regional basis but the scholar could find very studies related to health related fitness of school going population. In today’s changing pattern of human life the latest concept of health- related fitness seems to be more relevant.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objective of the study is to find out the Health related Physical Fitness of school going boys (age group 12 – 14) of different board and regions of Nagpur District to suggest means to improve health related physical fitness.

METHODOLOGY

Three hundred boys of 12 – 14 years age group will be Randomly Selected as subjects of this study from each board and regions. Their age records will be collected from school records. AAHPER (1987) Health- Related Physical Fitness Test battery consisting of following four test items will be used to assess the Health-related physical fitness for boys.

1. 1.5 Mile Run and Walk Test to Measure Cardio-Respiratory Endurance. 2. Skin fold measurements: to measure body composition (leanness/fitness) 3. Modified Sit-ups: to measure abdominal Strength and Endurance 4. Sit and Reach test: to measure the Flexibility of the back and leg (hamstring) muscles to measure the Flexibility of the Back and Leg (hamstring) muscles. After data was collected by the investigator with the help of assistants was analyzed with the help of suitable Statistical Procedure. Mean and Standard Deviation will be calculated and the effect will be made with the help of ‘t’ ratio. The level of significance for this study will be 0.05.

ANALYSIS OF DATA AND INTER PRETATION: Table No. 1: Comparison of 1.5 mile run/walk among rural boys and urban boys

Rural Boys Level of Variable ‘t’ (n=150) Urban Boys Significance

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 (n=150)

Mean S.D Mean S.D

1.5 mile 15.57 1.80 15.781.06 NS run/walk

‘t’ value at NS=not significant. .05 = 1.96 and .01= 2.57 Table No. 2: Comparison of modified sit ups among rural boys and urban boys

Rural Boys Urban Boys (n=150) (n=150) Level of Variable ‘t’ Significance Mean S.D. Mean S.D.

Modified sit ups 25.36 8.70 26.86 8.55 1.49 NS ‘t’ value at NS= not significant,.05 = 1.96 and .01= 2.57 Table No. 3: Comparison of sit and reach among rural boys and urban boys

Rural Boys Urban Boys Level of Variable (n=150) (n=150) ‘t’ Significance Mean S.D. Mean S.D. Sit and reach 9.46 2.01 9.67 1.94 0.93 NS ‘t’ value at .05 = 1.96 and .01= 2.57 Table No.4: Comparison of triceps skinfold among rural boys and urban boys

Rural Boys Urban Boys (n=150) Level of Variable (n=150) ‘t’ Significance Mean S.D. Mean S.D. Tricep skinfold 12.01 5.29 12.17 5.16 0.26 NS ‘t’ value at NS= not significant, .05 = 1.96 and .01= 2.57 Table No. 5: Comparison of subscapular skinfold among rural boys and urban boys

Rural Boys Urban Boys (n=150) Level of Variable (n=150) ‘t’ Signiicance Mean S.D. Mean S.D. Subscapular- 11.99 5.83 12.50 5.25 0.79 NS skinfold ‘t’ value at NS= not significant, .05 = 1.96 and .01= 2.57 Table No. 6 : Comparison of total skin fold among rural boys and urban boys

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 Rural Boys Urban Boys (n=150) (n=150) Level of Variable ‘t’ Significance Mean S.D. Mean S.D.

Total skin fold 24.00 10.65 24.67 10.05 0.56 NS

‘t’ value at NS= Not significant,.05 = 1.96 and .01= 2.57 CONCLUSIONS: 1. No significant difference has been found on one and half mile run while comparing rural and urban boys together. 2. There was no significant difference has been observed on sit up among rural and urban boys. 3. Rural and urban boys did not show any difference on sit and reach test i.e. flexibility. 4. No significant difference has been found of triceps skinfold between rural and urban boys. 5. Rural and urban boys did not show significant difference on subscapular skinfold. 6. No significant difference has been observed on total skinfold among rural and urban boys.

RECOMMENDATIONS: • This type of study may be possible on college students studying in rural and urban areas. • The comparison of health related physical fitness may be possible on older people living in urban and rural areas.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 REFERENCES:

➢ Book Walter, Karl W. Foundations and Principales of Physical Education .London, Tornonto :W.H. Sounders Company, 1969.

➢ Clarke, H. Harrison. Application to Measurement to Health and Physical Education 5th ed. London : Prectice Hall International Inc., 1976.

➢ Clarke, H. Harrison. Research Process in Physical Education, Recreation and Health. Englewood Cliffs, N.J. : Prentice Hall Inc. 1970.

➢ Anderson, Don. “Physical Fitness in the Republic of China. “Journal of the International Council for Health, Physical Education 28:1 (1991) ICHPER :21.

➢ Barbante, Valdir Jose. “A Comparative Study of Selected Anthropometric and Physical Fitness Measurement of Brazilian and American School Children. “Dissertation Abstracts International 43:12 (1983).

➢ Beam, Ann L. “Comparison of Motor Ability of Females with Older Siblings Over Six Year of Physical Growth. “Dissertation Abstracts International 40:10 (April 1980): 3840-A

➢ Devi,(2000) conducted “A comparative study of physical fitness and psychological traits of tribal and non-tribal high school students”

➢ American Academy Of Pediatrics, (2000): Conducted “Study a physical fitness and activity is school”

➢ Sharma, (1997): Conducted “A study to construct and standardize motor fitness for elementary school children of Delhi”

➢ http://www.cbse.nic.in/welcome.htm

➢ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahaashtra_State_Board_of_Secondary_and_Higher_Se condary_Education

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 PENSION SCHEME AND SOCIAL SECURITY

Dr. Meena Balpande Asst. Professor in Physical Education Dayanand Arya Kanya Mahavidyalya Nagpur

------Introduction In general those who receive private pensions wont” see any adverse impact on their social security benefits as a result of receiving monthly pension income in retirement . Those who get public pensions, on the their hand , often will see their social security benefits reduced once their pension begin 19-2018. Social and state pensions Many countries have created funds their citizens and residents to private income when they retire A basic stale pension is a contribution bared benefits and depends on an individuals contribution history. A personal pension scheme(PPS) sometimes called a personal pension plan (PPP) is a uk tax- privileged individual of building a capital sum to provide retirement benefits although it will usually also provide death benefit. A government pension is the full new state pension is 164. 35 per week . The actual amount you get depends on your national insurance record. The only reasons the amount can be higher are is you have over a certain amount of additional state pension. National pension scheme I types of pension in India know how to apply national pension scheme online, online apply process, application form. Cheek the eligibility applying for national pension scheme document required NPS- account. 1 Application forms 2 Articles on computers 3 Driving license 4 Aadhar card Social Security Social security is any government system that provider monetary assistance to people with an in adequate or no income in he united. understanding your security benefits is an important port of retirement planning. Use this going to determine your benefits and. Social Security Earnings Maximum taxable earnings when you earn income including through self employment that is covered by social security. You pay social security taxes each year up to a maximum amount that is set by low. That amount has changed frequently over the years. For 2019 the maximum amount of taxable earnings is $132,900. Background In the case of a defined benefit funded scheme where government would ensure the payment of more than 50% of the actuarial value of the pensions to be paid in the context of the non government scheme

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 could be reclassified as a social security scheme if the government would historical Background and development of social security. Pre- social security Period Traditional sources of economic security all peoples thought all human history have faced the uncertainties brought on by unemployment illness disability death and old age. In the realm of economics these inevitable facets of life are said to be the rats to one’s economic security. What is a social security agreement? Background and purposes Social security agreement. are concluded for the following purposes: “To avoid dual burden of contribution payment” by arranging your compulsory coverage between two countries. To enable you to totality your periods of both Japan and the other country to fill the gap for benefits under the other country to fill the gap for benefits under the system of the agreement country so that you may qualify for benefits. Hypothesis The pension system is associated with a higher birth rate the so- called social hypothesis which states that the individual. Literature public old age pensions is often referred to as social security, and we follow that usage accepting the rational expectation permanent income hypothesis proposed by hall. Keywords: public pension, fertility, transition theory, historical data, social security hypothesis, first demographic transition. Methodology The current 18% of month by contributions to employees RSAS is grossly inadequate to protect them against longevity risk at retirement. The literature on pension scheme actuarial methodology distinguishes among two different approaches for social security pension scheme projection. Result • If you look at social security as a pension plan, that result seems not only fair, but required. If you contribute more to q normal pension plan, you expect to get higher benefits and social security taxes are often called contribution.

Conclusion and recommendation Security of money retirement benefits tax benefit it & options pensions is an important social security measures. • Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana . • Retirement Planning is an on going lifelong process that takes of estimate the value of your social Security Benefits.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 References:- https://en. m.vikipedia.org.wiki>pension https://www.gov.uk>new- state- pension www.nenkin.go.jp

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 NATIONAL PENSION SCHEME AND OLD PENSION SCHEME

Prof. Anil G. Dodewar Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Nandanwan, Nagpur. Email : [email protected] ------

Abstract : National Pension Scheme (NPS) is one of the initiatives that provides post-retirement social security to an individual. The scheme is being popularized by the Government to cover the government as well as the employees working in private sector. The corporate houses are also popularizing this scheme among their employees. There are contradictory views with regard to the nature of the scheme. There are some who opines that the National Pension Scheme (NPS) is one of the cheapest and citizen friendly scheme whereas personal finance experts term it as an ordinary retirement benefit plan which is not competent to provide reasonable security to the government employees during their post-retirement age. An attempt would therefore be made here to analize the National Pension Scheme focusing its impact on the life security of government retired employees. Efforts would also be made to discuss the potential advantages and disadvantages of National Pension Scheme.

Keywords: NPS, Social Security, GPF, Annuity. ------

Introduction : After the introduction of National Pension Scheme for government, all Government Employees have started discussing the benefits of the scheme, insured life after superannuation and security of their dependents after their retirement. In comparison to the old pension scheme of 1982 and 1984, the newly declared National Pension Scheme provides less security. Since nobody might be retired from this batch and some clauses are still unclear. Very few employees who were forced to accept the National Pension Scheme have retired recently and getting negligible amount as pension. The amount they are getting in the form of pension is an eye opener to the new pension scheme. It is because of this, employees from different departments are demanding the re-enforcement of old pension scheme.

New Pension System is a voluntary contribution of funds for a sustained period of time to enable him/her to draw pension after he attains 60 years of age. The Scheme has been introduced by the Government of India and monitored by the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority. It is basically for people who do not have the benefit of pension after retirement from service. The scheme gives an opportunity to the subscriber to build up his/her pension fund over a long period so that he/she can draw pension for his/her sustenance after retirement. The Government of India established Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) on 10th October, 2003 with a view to developing and regulating pension

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 sector in the country. The National Pension System (NPS), which encourage citizens to develop the habit of saving for retirement, provides retirement income to all citizens.

National Pension Scheme (NPS): Its Advantages : Although the National Pension Scheme has become the object of criticism, it has got its own advantages. The advantages the NPS offer are as follows-

i. NPS is a Low Cost Pension Plan : National Pension Scheme is a low cost retirement benefit plan. Thus, Individuals with limited fund may also chose to invest in the fund. The minimum contribution to the Scheme is Rs 1,000/- per annum. The fund management fee is levied at just 0.1%. Investment in NPS is simple and contribution may be made online and Subscriber may easily monitor the performance through the e-NPS portal. ii. Tax Benefit Available on Investment: Contribution upto Rs 50,000/- made towards your NPS account is eligible for Tax Deduction U/S 80 CCD (1B), which is up and over the deduction of Rs 1,50,000/- available U/S 80C. So individuals who are looking for additional tax saving options may also look to invest in Scheme. iii. Partial Tax Exemption on Withdrawal : As announced during the Budget 2016, upto 40% of the fund withdrawal at the time of retirement is exempted from tax. Earlier, the entire withdrawal amount was taxable. Thus partial tax exemption is not ideal but better than nothing at least. This implies if 60% of the fund is annuitized then no tax will be required to be paid on the balance withdrawals. iv. Mandatory Investment in Annuity Scheme: Referred as drawback by many, Individuals have to mandatorily invest 40% of the fund to purchase pension annuity. If you look at it with investment perspective, it is a bad idea to invest in Annuity plans as they are not tax efficient and returns are also pretty low. However, this is a social security scheme and aims to provide a pension to the retired so that they can sustain themselves. In this regard, I feel this mandatory purchase of annuity is good although the annuity payout is quite low.

v. Diversification of Funds: Investment in NPS is diversified into 3 classes of funds, namely Equity (E), Fixed Return Instruments (C), Government Bonds (G). Individuals have the option to chose the allocation of funds based on their preference and appetite to take risk. However, Investment in equities is restricted to 50% of the contribution. Thus, it ensures that Individuals benefit from the equity market. At the same time, allocation to Government and Fixed Return instruments ensure that in case of equity market under performing Subscribers don’t lose out heavily on their investment.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 vi. Low Cost Investment: This is one of the Low Cost investment options available to the Subscribers and is one of the key selling points of the scheme. But the charges may soon go up as Fund Managers are demanding higher fee to actively manage the funds. Subscribers are required to invest minimum of Rs 6,000/- annually in the scheme.

The Disadvantages of Investing in National Pension Scheme (NPS):

In spite of having its own advantages, the said scheme is less popular among the government employees. The government employees are demanding the restoration of old pension scheme. This pressing demand of employees indicates that the NPS has many disadvantages. Hear an attempt has been made to throw the light on some of the disadvantages.

i. Limited Exposure to Equities: It is observed that equity market offers better return over a longer period of time which is generally higher as compared to other fixed return instruments. Fund Allocation to Equities has been restricted to maximum of 75% of your investment (Under Life Cycle Fund). This may not be a big issue with short term investors but for young individuals in their 20’s-30’s this means potential loss of opportunity to accumulate more wealth through maximum exposure to Equity Market.

ii. Restriction on Withdrawal: One of the major drawbacks considered by many is the restriction imposed on withdrawal of the contribution made to NPS. Only 25% of the total investment may be withdrawn at any point after completion of 10 years active subscription which discourages many to invest in the scheme. Moreover, if the entire investment is withdrawn before the age of 60, 80% of the fund is to be used up buying an annuity plan which makes it unviable plan for many individuals. iii. Annuity Payout Taxable: Although 60% of the withdrawal is exempted from tax, the annuity is taxable as per the Income Tax Act. As the fund used to purchase an annuity carries a deferred tax liability on the same, meaning, that tax will be applicable on the Annuity payout received by an individual. iv. Low Returns on Annuity Plans: Minimum 40% of the maturity amount needs to be vested in Annuity Plans which will provide you with monthly pension. However, the Annuity plans offer very poor returns on investment and are not at all tax efficient. Thus, one ends up with poor returns on the vested amount.

v. Better Alternatives Available: Mutual Funds are offering better Retirement benefit as compared to NPS with regard to better returns, tax efficiency and flexibility making them lucrative alternative for investment. Individuals may explore those options before investing in NPS.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 vi. Return on Investment Not Guaranteed: The investment in this scheme does not guarantee any minimum or fixed return as of now as it is subject to fund performance over a period of time. Hence, Individuals cannot be sure of the return on the investment and have to observe the fund performance regularly. This again means one has to keep an eye on market trends which will reflect in the performance of the funds as well.

The above mentioned advantages and disadvantages prove that the National Pension Scheme is less beneficial as compared to Old Pension Scheme which is why many finance experts do not approve of this scheme. In order to understand the difference between NPS and Old Pension Scheme, it is necessary to have a look at the salient features of the Old Pension Scheme. The features of the Old Pension Scheme are as follows-

i. Eligibility for Old Pension Scheme : The minimum eligibility period for receipt of pension is 10 years. A Central Government servant retiring in accordance with the Pension Rules is entitled to receive pension on completion of at least 10 years of qualifying service. In the case of Family Pension the widow is eligible to receive family pension on death of her spouse after completion of one year of continuous service or even before completion of one year if the Government servant had been examined by the appropriate Medical Authority and declared fit for Government service w.e.f 1.1.2006, Pension is calculated with reference to emoluments (i.e. Last basic pay) or average emoluments (i.e. average of the basic pay drawn during the last 10 months of the service) whichever is more beneficial. The amount of pension is 50% of the emoluments or average emoluments whichever is beneficial. Minimum pension presently is Rs. 9000 per month. Maximum limit on pension is 50% of the highest pay in the Government of India (presently Rs. 1, 25,000) per month. Pension is payable up to and including the date of death.

iv) Commutation of Pension : A Central Government servant has an option to commute a portion of pension, not exceeding 40% of it, into a lump sum payment. No medical examination is required if the option is exercised within one year of retirement. If the option is exercised after expiry of one year, he/she will have to under-go medical examination by the specified competent authority. Lump sum payable is calculated with reference to the Commutation Table. The monthly pension will stand reduced by the portion commuted and the commuted portion will be restored on the expiry of 15 years from the date of receipt of the commuted value of pension. Dearness Relief, however, will continue to be calculated on the basis of the original pension (i.e. without reduction of commuted portion). The formula for arriving for commuted value of Pension (CVP) is CVP = 40 % (X) Commutation factor* (X)12* The commutation factor will be with reference to age

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 next birthday on the date on which commutation becomes absolute as per the New Table annexed to the CCS (Commutation of Pension) Rules, 1981. v) Death/Retirement Gratuity : This is payable to the retiring Government servant. A minimum of 5 years' qualifying service and eligibility to receive service gratuity/pension is essential to get this one time lump sum benefit. Retirement gratuity is calculated @ 1/4th of a month’s Basic Pay plus Dearness Allowance drawn on the date of retirement for each completed six monthly period of qualifying service. There is no minimum limit for the amount of gratuity. The retirement gratuity payable for qualifying service of 33 years or more is 16 times of the Basic Pay plus DA. It is subject to a maximum of Rs. 20 Lakhs. Death gratuity is a one-time lump sum benefit payable to the nominee or family member of a Government servant dying in harness. There is no stipulation in regard to any minimum length of service rendered by the deceased employee. Maximum amount of Death Gratuity admissible is Rs. 20 lakhs w.e.f. 1.1.2016. A retiring Government servant will be entitled to receive service gratuity (and not pension) if total qualifying service is less than 10 years. Admissible amount is half month’s basic pay last drawn plus DA for each completed 6 monthly period of qualifying service. This one time lump sum payment is distinct from retirement gratuity and is paid over and above the retirement gratuity. vi) Issue of No Demand Certificate : Dues owed by the retiring employees on account of Licence Fee for Government accommodation, advances, over payment of pay and allowances are required to be assessed by the Head of Office and intimated to the Accounts Officer two months in advance of the date of retirement so that these are recovered from retirement gratuity before payment. For this purpose the Licence Fee for those in occupation of Government accommodation is taken into account up to the end of the permissible period for which accommodation can be retained after retirement under the Rules on normal rent. The recovery of Licence Fee beyond that period is the responsibility of the Directorate of Estates. If, for any reason final dues cannot be assessed on time, then 10% of gratuity is withheld from gratuity on the basis of a commutation from the Directorate of Estates in this regard. vii) GPF and Incentives : As per General Provident fund (Central Services) Rules, 1960 all temporary Government servants after a continuous service of one year, all re-employed pensioners (Other than those eligible for admission to the Contributory Provident Fund) and all permanent Government servants are eligible to subscribe to the Fund. However, these rules are not applicable to any of the Government Servants who join service on or after 1.1.2004. A subscriber, at the time of joining the fund is required to make a nomination, in the prescribed form, conferring on one or more persons the right to receive the amount that may stand to his credit in the fund in the event of his death, before that

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 amount has become payable or having become payable has not been paid. A subscriber shall subscribe monthly to the Fund except during the period when he is under suspension. Subscriptions to the Provident Fund are stopped 3 months prior to the date of superannuation. Rates of subscription shall not be less than 6% of subscribers emoluments are not more than his emoluments. Rate of interest varies according to notifications of the Government issued from time to time. The rules provide for drawal advances/ withdrawals from the fund for specific purposes. The conditions for withdrawal from the fund have been liberalized and now no documentary proof is required to be furnished by the subscriber for GPF withdrawal. On retirement of a subscriber, instructions have been issued for immediate payment of final balance on retirement. No application is required to be submitted by the subscriber for final payment from the fund.

d) Deposit Linked Insurance Scheme : Under the GPF Rules, on the death of subscriber, the person entitled to receive the amount standing to the credit of the subscriber shall be paid an additional amount equal to the average balance in the account during the 3 years immediately preceding the death of the subscriber subject to certain conditions provided in the relevant Rule. The additional amount payable under that Rule shall not exceed Rs. 60,000/-. To get this benefit, the subscriber should have put in at least 5 years service at the time of his/her death.

e) Contributory Provident Fund : The Contributory Provident Fund Rules (India), ,1962 are applicable to every non-pensionable servant of the Government belonging to any of the services under the control of the President. A subscriber, at the time of joining the Fund is required to make a nomination in the prescribed Form conferring on one or more persons the right to receive the amount that may stand to his credit in the Fund in the event of his death, before that amount has become payable or having become payable has not been paid. A subscriber shall subscribe monthly to the Fund when on duty or Foreign Service but not during the period of suspension. Rates of subscription shall not be less than 10% of the emoluments and not more than his emoluments. The employer's contribution at that percentage prescribed by the Government will be credited to the subscriber's account and this is 10%. The Rules provide for drawal of advances/ withdrawals from the CPF for specific purposes. As in GPF Rules, the CPF Rules also provide for Deposit Linked Insurance Scheme.

f) Leave Encashment : Encashment of leave is a benefit granted under the CCS (Leave) Rules and is not a pensionary benefit. Encashment of Earned Leave/Half Pay Leave standing at the credit of the retiring Government servant is admissible on the date of retirement subject to a maximum of 300 days.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 g) Central Government Employees Group Insurance Scheme : A portion of monthly contributions paid while in service is credited in a Saving Fund, on which interest accrues. A Government servant while entering service has to apply in Form No. 4 of the above Scheme to the Head of Office, who shall issue a sanction for the payment of subscriber's accumulation in the Savings Fund segment together with interest and arrange for its disbursement, soon after retirement. Payments under this Scheme are made in accordance with the Table of Benefit (as issued by Department of Expenditure) which takes in to account interest up to the date of cessation of service. Insurance cover benefit under this Scheme is available to the family in the event of death of the subscriber.

The National Pension Scheme and Old Pension Scheme:

The primary difference is that old pension scheme was Benefit Defined whereas NPS is Contribution Defined. In the first case the benefit is fixed, i.e. it was predetermined how much pension an employee will get linked to his last drawn salary and length of service. This requires contribution amount is reverse calculated on the basis of future liability on the basis of actuarial valuation. On tops, in this case part contribution was shared by employer and part by Govt of India. However Govt of India didn't extend this benefit to new employees after a certain date and started offering them benefits under EPF which also includes another pension scheme called EPS.

Important Old Pension Scheme New Pension Scheme Features Payment on the If the subscriber dies before In the unfortunate event of the death of death of the retirement, his individual contribution the subscriber, option will be available to subscriber, before to P.F. with the accrued interest is paid the nominee to either receive 100% of the retirement to the nominee. contribution is pension wealth in lump sum or to retained to service Family Pension. continue with the NPS in his individual capacity, after complying with the KYC norms. Payment on the If the pensioner dies after retirement, In the unfortunate event of the death of death of the the spouse receives family pension at the subscriber, option will be available to subscriber, after reduced rates as discussed above. In the nominee to either receive 100% of the retirement case of dependent son/daughter, pension wealth in lump sum or to family pension is payable to him/her continue with the NPS in his individual till he/she attains the age of 25 years capacity, after complying with the KYC or starts earning Rs.2,550 per month norms. whichever occurs earlier. Amount of The pension payable is linked to the The value of the annuity purchased at the Pension paid average pay drawn during the last 10 time of retirement will determine the months of service. Besides, D.A. is amount of monthly pension. Monthly also paid on the Basic Pension, even pension under NPS is a fixed amount and after commutation. These rates are it will attract any D.A. and therefore, in decided at the time of each wage case of rise in AICPI, no additional revision settlement. benefit will accrue to the pensioner.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 Family Pension Besides, the spouse of the deceased is No family pension is paid, after the death paid family pension at a reduced rate of the subscriber/pensioner. Only the (which ranges from 15% to 30% of the pension wealth in lump sum is paid. Basic pension payable). Income Tax For Individual Employees contributing Under Section 80-CCD(2) of Income Tax Benefits to the NPS, their investment is eligible Act, if an employer contributes 10% of for deduction from Income under the salary (basic salary plus dearness Section 80-CCD(1) of the Income Tax allowance) to the NPS account of the Act, 1961. However, the aggregate of employee, that amount gets tax all investments under Section 80-C exemption of up to Rs 1 and the premium on pension products lakh. However, this is within the on Section 80CCC should not exceed overall limit of Rs.1 lakh for all eligible Rs.1 lakh per assessment year to claim investments put together under Sec.80-C. for the deduction. Income tax No tax is deducted on loans, partial On retirement, 60% of the savings may liability withdrawals (non-refundable) while in be withdrawn in cash and it is service and total withdrawal after taxable. The remaining 40% will have to retirement. be invested in a Pension/Annuity Fund and it is tax free (at the time of investment).

Conclusion: National Pension Scheme is a government-promoted financial instrument developed to provide social security after retirement. It is administered by the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) and addresses the retirement needs of even employees in the unorganized sector. If this new scheme is compared with Old pension scheme of 1982 and 1984, the old pension scheme seems to be more beneficial to the government employees. After doing detail study, it is pertinent to conclude that Old Pension Scheme is far more better than New Pension scheme.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 References

➢ http://www.livemint.com ➢ http://pensionersportal.gov.in/retire-benifit.asn ➢ http://www.rappev.com/nps-national- pension- scheme.php ➢ Govt brings NPS on a par with PF, makes it tax-free" ➢ http://pensionersportal.gov.in/retire-benifit.asn ➢ National Pension System - Retirement Plan for All". National Portal of India. Retrieved 2018-07-12. ➢ "How good is the recently revamped NPS?" ➢ "NPS: Now you can open a NPS account completely online via Aadhar without sending physical documents - The Economic Times". Retrieved 17 January 2017. ➢ "Tax parity for NPS and EPF members is a welcome step - The Economic Times". Retrieved 17 January 2017. ➢ "Budget 2017: Arun Jaitley likely to make National Pension system totally tax- free". FinancialExpress.com. 16 January 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017. ➢ "NPS withdrawal made tax-free like PPF, EPF".

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 PENSION SCHEME AND SOCIAL SECURITY Mr. Vinod M. Kukade Assistant Professor in English Fule-Ambedkar College of Social Work, Gadchiroli ------

Abstract: This paper deals with feelings of insecurity regarding economic condition after the retirement from the service. Old pension scheme as stopped by the Government from 1st November, 2005 proved to be shock for the new staff recruited after 31st October, 2005 in the Government or semi-government services and Government aided schools and colleges. New pension scheme which came into force from 1st November, 2005 has made servicemen brood over it and that brooding results into feelings of insecurity regarding economic condition after the retirement from the service. Employees lead their lives according to their position in the service. Those who come under old pension scheme are confident and positive about their family life. But what about those employees who come under the new scheme. They are yet in confusion what will happen after the retirement, because they know that they will not get pension. How to lead a retirement life? This question can generate so many answers because a lot of problems will occur after retirement for the non-pensioners. New Defined Contributory Pension Scheme will not prove to be beneficial for the servicemen after retirement.

Keywords: Debtor, Pension, Retirement, Servicemen

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Introduction: In Maharashtra, Defined Contributory Pension Scheme has come into force from 1st November, 2015 for the employees of Government, semi-government, Government aided schools, colleges. However Defined Contributory Pension Scheme has Tier-I and Tier-II. Tier-I is compulsory for the employees, and Tier-II is optional. Though the facility of withdrawing money from Tier-II has been given, but after the retirement at the age of 58/60 years, 40% amount cannot be withdrawn from Tier-I. But most of the people’s ideas about this new pension scheme are not clear. This new pension scheme is not understood by so many people. For the employees who are appointed before 1st November, 2005 come under old pension scheme which is a kind of viaticum for the retired persons. According to this old pension scheme after the retirement the retired person will be allotted half salary. It means retired person can lead his life better, in a status of dignity. The salaried person who comes under the old pension scheme is free from worrying about his old age because he knows better that he will have pension. But what about that employee who comes under new DCPS. Because of new pension scheme the feelings of insecurity, the feelings of

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 being non-salaried person, the feelings of being dependent, and the feelings of inferiority without money may affect the retired or working person and he may feel anxiety and go to depression.

A Serviceman leads his life in simple way. He has a limited salary. He can only handle his family. He can build a small house, and if he has children he can educate them. But while fulfilling these significant basic needs he becomes debtors of the Bank. He has to borrow money. He cannot buy a plot and construct a house on that plot without taking loan. The whole life he leads in repaying the loan till the age of retirement. Then after retirement how much amount will be in his account. Off course the bank balance will be much low. Only gratuity he will have after the retirement and an amount which was credited in DCPS. But how much amount he will get through DCPS? Will that amount be sufficient amount to lead a life. When he turns sixty, the prices of all things will be higher. It will become hard for him to lead a life of dignity. After retirement he will become non-salaried person. His earning will be zero if he does not do other business after retirement. But the question is after the age of sixty which business he will do? Will his old age support him to do business which he will have to start from the beginning? And all know that at the initial stage of the business there are a number of chances to fail that business or to bear loss in the business. Near about five to six years will require set up properly his business. In his old age he will have to think about the business or to do any private service. It means that at the last days of his life he will have to begin new business to lead his life. This is paradoxical thing. This may lead him to frustration and depression and may have adverse effect on his health. His family may get disturbed.

However, today the employee who comes under new scheme is thinking only about the restart of old pension scheme. It has been utter need for him. He is in worry about his old age. He may be thinking to start new business at this moment. It is a big question before him what to do now? Whether to invest money for the old age or to spend money for today’s significant need. The prices of near about all things are increasing day by day. Many are interested in investing money much but it is not possible due to need to fulfill basic needs. Even it has to be thought deeply to build a small house, because it requires minimum twenty lakh rupees. But these twenty lakh rupees will have to be taken as loan from the Bank and finally double amount will have to be paid to the Bank. It means even to build a small house he will have to spend forty lakh rupees. Marriage, education, health care, many of these things have to be maintained. So in fulfilling all these needs what will remain till the retirement.

A large number of employees are income tax payers. They contribute for the development of the country by paying income tax regularly and properly. However who come under creamy-layer they are not being provided many facilities. In such circumstances they will have to spend more. Therefore earning source is single and the sources of the expenses are many. So the serviceman is caught in whirlpool of the life. He has to face many problems.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 1st November, 2005 is the date which compelled the people to brood over new pension scheme as Defined Contributory Pension Scheme. (DCPS). To compare new pension scheme with the old pension scheme it is clearly visible that old pension scheme is better than new pension scheme for the better life of the working or retired person. There should be positive approach to restart old pension scheme. It has become utter need of the day to restart old pension scheme. Employees are the significant parts of country. They play vital role for developing country. If these employees don’t feel secure in their lives regarding their financial position, how they will lead their lives in a better position.

Conclusion: There is a big difference in old pension scheme and new pension scheme. Old pension scheme is better than new pension scheme (DCPS). Old pension scheme increases confidence level, feeling of security, helps to lead life in dignity, make minds free from the worries of retired age. Due to old pension scheme employee could or can lead life with satisfaction because if he fulfills or fulfilled his basic needs with the salary he got or gets, he became or becomes free from the worries of what will happen after retirement. In his retirement he gets half of the salary that he received lastly. But to talk about the Defined Contributory Pension Scheme, it made people to brood over it. In these days the employees are feeling insecure about their financial position which will be after the retirement. The employee knows that he has a limited salary through which he can only help to lead a life of family in a better position. His source of income is one and sources of expenses are many, therefore he is caught in utter confusion about what to do at present whether to invest money or to fulfill basic needs of the family. Because after the retirement he will not get half salary as per the new pension scheme. He will have to lead his life through money which he will receive after the retirement. But the question is that will he be able to fulfill his and his families required needs in the amount which he will receive after the retirement? The employee who comes under new pension scheme is in worrying stage about his old age.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 REQUIREMENT OF PENSION SCHEME FOR SECURE LIFE

Dr. Ram P. Savanekar Assistant Professor, Aniket College of Social Work, Wardha. Email: [email protected] Mobile No.: 9423146488

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Abstract : Pension Scheme is a backbone of old age for Government employees. Future planning is bedrock of social security because it helps people in last years of their life. It is a way of steady income which can fulfill the basic requirements of retired old people including health care services. Pension provides social protection to the old people. Pension Scheme promotes people for their rights and dignity. Most of the people are covered by Social Security, and its retirement benefits provide a stable monthly income that will last as long as life as well as it provides a survivor benefit to the life partner. Pension helps people get assured income in old age and allow them to access essential services.

Keywords: requirement, pension scheme, life, old age, social security

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Introduction : Nobody can hold the golden time in our life. Requirements and financial stability change at the time and one needs to be well-prepared for the future need keeping in mind the present. A pension scheme is a way to secure the financial stability after retirement. Pension scheme maintained by the employers will ensure an individual protection from any uncertainty that may arise in post-retirement life. We need to understand pension scheme is as important to make life easier as taking care of vehicle, property, assets, and health. Government employees are not so serious about pension scheme, but, after retirement, an employee will get the benefit of the pension scheme at a grand level. Hence, government employees can live secure and stable life.

A pension is a fund into which a sum of money is added during an employee's employment years, and from which payments are drawn to support the person's retirement from work in the form of periodic payments. A pension may be a "defined benefit plan" where a fixed sum is paid regularly to a person, or a "defined contribution plan" under which a fixed sum is invested and then becomes available at retirement age. The common use of the term pension is to describe the payments a person receives upon retirement, usually

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 under pre-determined legal or contractual terms. A recipient of a retirement pension is known as a pensioner or retiree.

A retirement plan is an arrangement to provide people with an income during retirement when they are no longer earning a steady income from employment. Often retirement plans require both the employer and employee to contribute money to a fund during their employment in order to receive defined benefits upon retirement. It is a tax deferred savings vehicle that allows for the tax-free accumulation of a fund for later use as a retirement income. Pension plans are therefore a form of "deferred compensation". Many countries have created funds for their citizens and residents to provide income when they retire. Typically this requires payments throughout the citizen's working life in order to qualify for benefits later on. A basic state pension is a "contribution based" benefit, and depends on an individual's contribution history.

In a pension scheme government employee transfers a portion or a part of his/her income or salary in a fund that will benefit the individual after retirement. The small part of the current income work secures the post- retirement life of an individual against the financial need such as healthcare or security. No matter how much one tries to save for future need, with rising cost of the living and the need to experience a leisurely life, we may face a shortfall of money. So, it is very important to get benefit of good pension scheme for the future security. Government employees can enjoy the post-retirement life easily only with a suitable and appropriate Pension Scheme.

A pension is an amount of money that former employer pays to employee after retirement. Such employees take monthly payments that typically pay out for the remainder of their lives. When people talk about having a pension, they're usually referring to the monthly payment option. For purposes of Social Security, it's critically important to distinguish private pensions from public pensions. What makes a pension private or public depends on the type of employer you work for. If you work for a business in the private sector that offers a pension plan, then what you'll get in retirement is called a private pension. Conversely, if you work for a public sector employer, such as a state or local government entity or a public school, then you'll typically receive what's called a public pension. The reason why the distinction between private and public pensions is important is that Social Security treats the two types of pensions very differently. In general, those who receive private pensions won't see any adverse impact on their Social Security benefits as a result of receiving monthly pension income in retirement. Those who get public pensions, on the other hand, often will see their Social Security benefits reduced once their pension payments begin.

Social security means protecting a worker and his family against work or health related eventualities. Eventualities include, but are not limited to, Sickness, Maternity, Disability, Death, Unemployment, Old age. covers treatment, rehabilitation or compensation. If there is no provision of

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 social security then there can be no human dignity. Lack of Social Security in India leads to destitution, crime, child labour, etc.

India is home to one-fifth of the world’s population, which includes a third of the world’s poor and one eighth of the world’s elderly. Thus, its strategy for providing social security to the elderly is of global interest. The objective of social security is to provide sustenance to those who cannot work and earn their living due to temporary or chronic reasons. Provision of social security by the state is an intrinsic part of the living standards in More Developed Countries. The economic feasibility of social security at a comparable level is a vital constraint.

However, these traditional sources of old age security have come under great strain due to the increased longevity of the elderly, and other widespread demographic and socio-economic-cultural changes taking place in these transitional societies. The problem is more acute among the poor elderly who, with their deteriorating health conditions, are unable to work for earning and have hardly, if ever, any savings to fall back upon. Like a few other developing countries, the Government of India as well as the State governments have undertaken some initiatives in this direction. Presently, the debate on provision of social security to the elderly revolves around the eligibility, coverage, pension amount, appropriate form of assistance to the elderly, delivery mechanisms, their suitability, and the economic implications of such measures.

Not only is the proportion of the aged in need of social security increasing, with the long history of declining fertility in the country, the percentage of the working age people who support the social security system is also declining. In addition to this demographic pressure, the system is under strain, since the late seventies, due to the slowdown in economic growth, rising unemployment, and budget deficits. Further, since the late eighties, the increasing pressure to contain public expenditure has led to the dismantling of a few social security programmes in some countries or reducing the scope, levels and range of their benefits. Also, there is an increasing trend towards privatisation of social security. Despite these pressures and challenges, it can be said that social security systems including old age pensions are embedded in the socio-economic-political structures of the industrial countries.

Nowadays, ageing societies are facing an important social policy challenge that is to secure an adequate level of income for all people in old age. In view of the financing and sustainability challenges faced by social security systems in the context of demographic change, the State has a vital role to play in forecasting the long-term balance between resources and expenditure. Financial Awareness is important in today's day and age. Employees must know what is and what can affect employee and his/her family's financial security. Coverage gap refers to workers who do not have access to any formal scheme for old-age income. Addressing Social Security in India with particular reference to retirement income for workers within the coverage gap is the need of the hour. A good Pension Scheme can give proper social security to the National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 101

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 employees. While we can conclude that old pension scheme has worked well for the Govt employees, the same cannot be said about the employer. However, NPS does have safety net for the employer as the risk of the investment is on the Employee as well.

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REFERENCE: ➢ ADB Institute, 2004. Discussion Paper No.5, Poverty Targeting In Asia: Country Experiences of India ➢ Ahmed E., Dreze J., Hills J.,Sen A. K.1991. Social Security in Developing Countries, Clarendon Press: Oxford. ➢ Alam, Moneer. 2004. ‘Ageing, Old Age Income Security and Reforms: An Exploration of the Indian Situation’, Economic and Political Weekly Vol 39, No.33 ➢ Beveridge, William,1943, The Pillars of Security and Other Wartime Essays and Addresses London: Allen & Unwin. ➢ Van Ginneken, W. 1999. ‘Social Security for the Informal Sector: A New Challenge for the Developing Countries’. International Social Security Review, 52(1): 49-69. ➢ Weigand. C. and M. Grosh 2008 ‘Levels and patterns of Safety Net Spending in Developing and Transitional Countries’ Social Protection Discussion Paper no. 0817 Washington DC: World Bank. ➢ World Bank, 2011. ‘Social Protection for a Changing India’ Vol. II, Washington DC: World Bank ➢ Retrieved on 22 May 2019 from Social Security for the Elderly in India Sumati Kulkarni Siva Raju Smita Bammidi Security for Pensioners, February,2018 Raj Nambisan, Subrat ahapatra, Nisha Prbhakaran ➢ Retrieved on 23 February 2019 from ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Pension_System

➢ Retrieved on 23 February 2019 from https://testbook.com/blog/social-security-in-india-pension- o schemes/ ➢ Retrieved on 25 February 2019 from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_security

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 पेंशन योजना आणि सामाणजक सरु क्षा

प्रा.सधु ाकर माट े मणहला कला महाणिद्यालय उमरेड ------

असंगणठत क्षेत्रातील कामगार आणि मजरु ांना पेंशन प्रदान करण्यासाठी अटल पेंशन योजना (एपीआय) स셂ु करण्यात आली. जर तम्ु ही या योजनेत गंतु लात तर कें द्र सरकार तम्ु हाला आणि तमु 楍या पतीस कमीत कमी पेंशन ठेि ू दईे ल. हमी अटल पेंशन योजनेची संपिू च माणहती जर तम्ु ही अटल पेंशन योजनेमध्ये गंतु ििकू के ली तर तम्ु हाला 1000 셂पयांपयंत 1000 셂पयांपयतं 60 िषे ियापयंत पेंशन णमळेल. पेंशन 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, 4,000 णकं िा 5000 셁पये प्रणत मणहना. आता णकती पेंशन प्राप्त होईल, ते 60 िषांपिू ी आप쥍या योजनेत आप쥍या योगदानांिर अिलंबनू असेल. आम्ही नंतर याबद्दल तपशीलिार चचाच क셂. लक्षात घ्या की सरकारने या पेंशनची हमी णदली आह.े तर तम्ु हाला अशी पेंशन णमळेल. परंत ु आप쥍या योगदानािर आप쥍याला चांगले परतािा णमळा쥍यास आपि अणधक णनित्तृ ी णमळि ू शकता. गंतु ििकू दारा楍या मत्ृ यनू ंतर. पती णकं िा पत्नीला ही पेंशन दखे ील णमळेल. पत्नी (णकं िा पती) यां楍या मत्ृ यनू ंतर, जे कोिीही 60 व्या िषी आप쥍या पेंशन फं डमध्ये होते, ते आप쥍या नॉणमनीला णदले जातील. अटल पेंशन योजनेचे फायद े खालील प्रमािे संक्षेप के ले जाऊ शकतात:पेंशनधारकाला गंतु ििूकदार णमळतो. (60 िषाचपासनू त े मत्ृ यपू यंत) गंतु ििकू दारा楍या णनधनानंतर, पेंशन पती / पत्नी असेल. पती/पत्नी楍या मत्ृ यनू ंतर ठेिीची रक्कम (जो 60 िषे ियापयंत जमा होईल) आप쥍या नामणनदणे शत व्यक्तीला (नॉणमनीला) णदली जाते. जर गंतु ििकू दाराची पत्नी (णकं िा पती) गंतु ििकू दारासमोर मरि पािली तर ठेिीची रक्कम (जो 60 िषाचपयंत जमा के ली होती) गंतु ििकू दारा楍या मत्ृ यनू ंतर नामणनदणे शत व्यक्तीस णदली जाईल. 24 जानेिारी, 2019 अद्यतन : असे सणू चत के ले आह े की अटल पेंशन योजनेअंतगचत जास्तीत जास्त पेंशन 5,000 ते 10,000 셁पयांपयंत िाढिता येते. तसेच प्रिेशा楍या ियाची 40 िषे ते 50 िषे मानली जात आह.े काही िेबसाइट्सिर चकु ीची बातमी छापली गेली आहे की एपीिाय पेन्शन मयाचदा 10,000 셂पये िाढणिण्यात आली आहे. लक्षात घ्या की हा प्रस्ताि अद्याप णिचाराधीन आहे. जास्तीत जास्त पेंशन फक्त दरमहा 5,000 셁पये आह.े जर सरकारने जास्तीत जास्त पेंशन रक्कम िाढणिली णकं िा प्रिेशाची रक्कम िाढिली, तर मी हे पोस्ट अद्ययाित करीन. हे देखील लक्षात घ्या की आप쥍याला अणधक पेंशन णमळणिण्यासाठी आपले गंतु ििकू िाढिािे लागेल. अटल पेंशन योजना कोि उघडू शके ल? णहदं ीमध्ये अटल पेंशन योजनेसाठी कोि पात्र आह?े आपि भारतीय नागररक असिे आिश्यक आहे. णकमान ियः 18 िषे प्रिेशा楍या कमाल ियः 40 िषे तमु 楍या बँके कडे बचत खाते असािे. तम्ु ही के िळ एक अटल पेंशन योजना खाते उघडू शकता. आप쥍या प्रॉणव्हडंट फं ड खात्यात (ईपीएफ, पीपीएफ, जीपीएफ इ.) णकं िा एनपीएस खाते आधीच आह े की नाही ह े महत्त्िाचे नाही. तम्ु ही अटल पेंशन योजना खाते उघडू शकता. जरी आपि

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 सरकारी कमच ारी असाल तर आपि अटल पेंशन योजना खाते उघडू शकता. अटल पेंशन योजना कशी उघडािी? एपीिाय खाते कसे उघडायचे? आपि आप쥍या नजीक楍या बँके 楍या शाखेत जाऊन योजनेसाठी अजच क셂 शकता. येथे तम्ु ही अटल पेंशन योजना फॉमच पाहू आणि डाउनलोड क셂 शकता. आपि सिच सरकारी बँका (एसबीआय, पीएनबी इ. सारख्या) ला भेट दऊे न ह े खाते उघडू शकता. तम्ु ही अटल पेंशन योजनेचे खाते ऑनलाइन उघडू शकता. आपि एपीिाय खाते ऑनलाइन उघडू शकता. जर तम्ु हाला अटल पेंशन योजना ऑनलाईन उघडिायची असेल तर तम्ु ही एपीएस पोटचलद्वारे ऑनलाइन अटल पेंशन खाते उघडू शकता. त्यासाठी आप쥍याकडे आधार काडच असिे आिश्यक आह.े एपीिाय खाते उघडण्या楍या प्रणियेबद्दल अणधक जािनू घेण्यासाठी हे पोस्ट िाचा. अटल पेंशन योजनेमध्ये आपि कशा प्रकारे योगदान देता? अटल पेंशन योजना खात्यामध्ये गंतु ििकू कशी करािी? आपि माणसक, त्रैमाणसक णकं िा अधचिाणषचक हप्त्यांमध्ये योगदान दऊे शकता. आप쥍या बँक खात्यातनू हप्ते स्ियं-डेणबट होतील. आप쥍याकडे आप쥍या बँक खात्यात परु ेशी णनधी नस쥍यास, पढु ील मणहन्यात पढु ील हप्त्यासह आप쥍या खात्यातनू आप쥍याला िजा केले जाईल. एकणत्रतपिे आप쥍याला थोडा अटलपेंशन योजनेमध्ये 60 िषाचनंतर गंतु ििकू दार (ग्राहक) मरि पािला तर? गंतु ििकू दारा楍या मत्ृ यनू ंतर पेंशन पती णकं िा पत्नी पढु े चाल ू ठेितील. त्यानंतर, जेव्हा णििाहसोहळा मरि पाितो तेव्हा ठेिीची रक्कम (60 िषे ियातील पेंशन) आप쥍या नॉणमनीला णदली जाईल. जर पतीचा मत्ृ यू गंतु ििकु दारासमोर झाला (आणि नंतर गंतु ििकू दार मरतात) तर पेंशन कॉपचस (60 व्या िषी आप쥍या पेंशन कॉपचस) नामणनदेणशत व्यक्तीस देण्यात येईल.िाचा : एलआयसी जीिन शांती (एलआयसी लाइफ पीस) : एलआयसीची निीन पेन्शन योजना 60 िषांपिू ी अटल पेंशन योजना खाते स्िे楍छेने बंद होऊ शकते का? अटल पेंशन योजना खाते कसे बंद करािे? (एपीिायकडून स्िैण楍छक णनगचमन) 60 िषे णकं िा त्याहून आधी गंभीर आजार होण्याआधी मत्ृ य ू झाले쥍या व्यक्ती楍या उपचारांसाठी अटल पेंशन योजना खाते बंद के ले जाऊ शकते. ह े रोग आहेत: ककचरोग, मत्रू णपंड अपयश, समाप्ती णस्थतीतील मत्रू णपंड अपयश, प्राथणमक फु फ्फु सांचे धमनी, उ楍च रक्तदाब, मुख्य अियि प्रत्यारोपि, कोरोनरी धमनी बाईपास भ्रष्टाचार, आटाच िाफ्ट सजचरी, दया楍या िा쥍ि शस्त्रणिया,

स्रोक, मायोकाणडचयल इन्फेक्शन, कोमा, एकू ि अंधत्ि आणि पक्षाघात. पि जेव्हा मी अटल पेंशन योजने楍या खात्याचा बंद होण्याचा प्रकार पाणहला तेव्हा मला िाटले की तम्ु ही तमु चे खाते कोित्याही कारिास्ति (जेव्हा कधी हिे असेल) बंद क셂 शकता. अटल पेंशन योजना खाते बंद करण्याचा फॉमच या पररपत्रका楍या शेिटी आह.े योगदान णकं िा पैसे णमळिण्याची क्षमता न दते ा तम्ु ही अटल पेंशन प्लॅन खात्यास बंद दखे ील क셂 शकता. अटल पेंशन योजने楍या समाप्ती楍या िेळी, आप쥍याला आपले योगदान आणि त्यािर प्राप्त झालेले परतािा णदले जातील. अटल पेंशन योजनेतनू स्िैण楍छक णनगचमन करण्याणिषयी एक महत्िाची गोष्ट जर उपभोक्ता, 煍याने सरकारी सह-सहभागाचा फायदा घेतला असेल आणि 60 िषांपिू ी स्िे楍छेने णनिड रद्द करण्याच े णनिडले असेल तर त्याचे योगदान आणि प्राप्त झालेले परतािा परत णमळितात. (योजने楍या शु쥍काचा कट के 쥍यानंतर). परंत ु अशा पररणस्थतीत सरकारकडून णदलेला योगदान आणि त्या आधारािर प्राप्त झाले쥍या परताव्यास णदले जािार नाही. मी समजतो की 60 िषाचपिू ीही

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 गंतु ििकू दारा楍या मत्ृ यतू नू बाहेर पड쥍यानंतर हा णनयम लाग ू होतो. मी एनपीएस आणि अटल पेंशन योजना दोन्ही उघडू शकतो का? मला समजले की, आप쥍या एनपीएस आणि अटल पेंशन योजनेत दोन्ही उघडू शकतो ही गोष्ट थोडी अस्िस्थ िाटते, परंत ु मी एनएसडीएलला ईमेल पाठिनू याची पष्टु ी के ली आह.े आतापयंत एनपीएस आणि अटल पेंशन योजना खाती णिलीन करण्याची कोितीही तरतदू नाही. यटू ्यबू िरील अटल पेंशन योजनेबद्दल माणहती णमळणिण्यासाठी हा णव्हणडओ पहा. अटल पेंशन योजना: अटल पेंशन योजना: णहदं ीमध्ये कर लाभ अटल पेंशन योजनेमध्ये गंतु ििकू ीसाठी आपि कलम 80 सीसीडी (1) आणि कलम 80 सीसीडी ( 1 बी) अंतगचत कर लाभ घेऊ शकता . कलम 80 सीसीडी (1) 楍या अंतगचत आपि एपीिाय (िाणषचक आणथचक 1.5 लाख जास्तीत जास्त) मध्ये आप쥍या िाणषचक उत्पन्ना楍या 20% पयंत कर लाभ घेऊ शकता. कलम 80 सी खाली 1.5 लाखां楍या मयाचदेखाली येतो. कलम 80 सीसीडी (1 बी) अंतगचत, तम्ु ही अटल पेंशन योजनेमध्ये गंुतििकू ीसाठी 셂 .50,000 पयंत अणतररक्त कर लाभ घेऊ शकता. 19 फे ब्रिु ारी 2016 रोजी सीबीडीटीने हा णनयम अणधसणू चत के ला. अटल पेंशन योजना: मदु तीनंतर कर उपचार (अटल पेंशन योजना: णहदं ीमध्ये कर उपचार मदु त) मॅ楍यरु रटीनंतर (60 िषांनंतर) पेंशन णमळकत (िाणषचक उत्पन्न) करपात्र आह.े आप쥍या टॅक्स स्लॅबनसु ार आप쥍याला दरिषी त्या उत्पन्नािर कर भरािा लागेल. गंतु ििकू दार / पती / पत्नी楍या मत्ृ यनू ंतर नामणनदणे शत व्यक्तीकडून णमळिारी एकरकमी रक्कम करमक्तु असेल. अटल पेंशन योजना काडच (प्राॅॅन काडच) कसे डाउनलोड करािे? अटल पेंशन प्लॅणनंग स्टेटमेंट कसे पहािे? आप쥍याकडे अटल पेंशन प्लॅन काडच (प्रान काडच) नसेल णकं िा हरिले असेल तर आपि आपला PRAN काडच ऑनलाइन डाउनलोड क셂 शकता. आपि या दव्ु यािर जा. या णलंकिर, आपि आप쥍या अटल पेंशन योजनेचे खाते णनिेदन / णश쥍लक ऑनलाइन दखे ील पाहू शकता. आपि णदले쥍या णनदशे ांचे पालन करिे आिश्यक आह.े जर तम्ु हाला तमु चा पीआरएएन सामाणजक सरु क्षा : सोशल णसक्यरु रटी). व्यक्ती आणि णतचे कु टुंब यां楍या क쥍यािाथच आणथचक सरु णक्षतता दिे ारी व्यिहायच तत्त्िप्रिाली. सामाणजक सरु णक्षततेची उपाययोजना मानिी समाजा楍या सु셂िातीपासनू मानिाने या ना त्या स्ि셂पात के लेली होती. मािसा楍या आयष्ट्ु यात काही अकण쥍पत दघु चटना घडत असतातत्यांतनू आणथचक असरु णक्षतता िाढतेत्या संकटांना तⴂड दिे े कठीि जाते. फार पिू ी व्यक्ती ि त्याच े कु टुंब स्ितःच आणथचक सरु णक्षततेची जबाबदारी िाहत असे स्थाणनक समहू णकं िा चचच हे काही प्रमािात मदतीचा हात दते . हळुहळू अणधक संघणटत संस्थांद्वारे मदत दण्े याची पद्घत णिकणसत झाली. भूतदया, मानिता, अणहसं ा, शांतता आणि क셁िा ही म쥍ू येही कु टुंबाने दःु खी आणि पीणडत व्यक्तींना साहाय्य करण्यासाठीच बालपिापासनू व्यक्ती楍या मनािर णबंबणिलेली असत. मािसाने स셂ु िातीपासनू च आणथचक सरु णक्षतता संपादण्यासाठी अखंडपिे प्रयत्न के ले. सिांनी आनंदी ि सखु ी जीिन व्यतीत करािे असे मानिी प्रयत्न असत. ‘सिच मािसे सखु ी असािीत’ अशा संस्कारामागे सिच मािसे सरु णक्षत असािीत असेच अणभप्रेत असते. त्याकाळी णनसगाच ी कृपा असेपयंत सिच काही सरु ळीत चालत असे; परंतु णनसगाच ी अिकृपा झाली आणि महापरू , भकू ं प, साथीचे रोग, दष्ट्ु काळ इ. आपत्ती आ쥍या; तर मािसे मत्ृ यमू ुखी पडत, अपंग होत, णनराधार होत. अशा िेळी मािसे आणथचक ि मानणसक दृष्ट्या खचनू जात. 煍यािेळी आणथचक आपत्तींना तⴂड दिे े व्यक्ती िा कु टुंबालाही कठीि जाई,

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 त्यािेळी मािसे कु टुंबाबाहरे ील समहू आणि समाजाकडे मदती楍या अपेक्षेने पाहू लागतात, यातनू च ‘सामाणजक सरु क्षा’ ही संक쥍पना प्रसतृ झाली आणि प्रत्यक्ष कृतीत अितरली.

सतराव्या-अठराव्या शतकांत औद्योणगक िांतीने यरू ोप खंडात सामाणजक सरु क्षा या संक쥍पनेस चालना णदली. अनेक लोक चररताथाचसाठी शहरांकडे आकृष्ट झाले आणि कारखान्यांतनू काम क셂 लागले. त्यािेळी कारखान्यांमधील णस्थती प्राथणमक अिस्थेत होती आणि िेतन कमी होते; मात्र कामाचे तास भरपरू होते, णस्त्रया आणि चौदा िषांखालील मुलेही काम करीत असत; अशा िेळी सामाणजक सरु क्षेची हमी समाजाने िा सरकारने घ्यािी अशी गरज णनमाचि झाली. त्यामध्ये प्रथम कामगार संघटनांनी पढु ाकार घेतला, पढु े त्यांना कायद्याने संरक्षि प्राप्त झाले. सामाणजक जािीि ठेिनू समाजातील कमकु ित घटकांना मदतीचा हात देिे, हे प्रगत मानिी संस्कृतीचे लक्षि समजले जाते. समाजानेच आपत्तींणि셁द्घ संपिू च संरक्षि द्यािे, हा णिचार अणधकतर दृढतर होत चालला आह.े याच णिचाराला सामाणजक सरु क्षा असे म्हितात.

सामाणजक सरु क्षा योजनेचा प्रारंभ जमचनीने १८८३ मध्ये आजारीपिासाठी णिमा (णसकनेस इन्शरु न्स) कायदा संमत क셂न त्यानंतर त्या दशे ाने १८८९ मध्ये पणहला सक्तीचा िद्घृ त्ि, अपंगत्ि आणि अन्य व्याधी संदभांत णिमा योजना कायचिम जाहीर के ला. त्यानंतर अनेक दशे ांनी जमचनी楍या धतीिर कायद े संमत के ले. त्यांपैकी ग्रेट णब्रटन (१९०८), स्िीडन (१९१३), दणक्षि आणिका (१९२८) , अमेररके ची संयक्तु संस्थाने (१९३५), कॅनडा (१९४०), मलेणशया (१९५१) आणि णसंगापरू (१९५३) या देशांनी सामाणजक सरु क्षेसाठी णिमा योजनांना णिणधित स्ि셂प णदले. णिसाव्या शतका楍या उत्तराधाचत बहुतेक सिच णिकणसत आणि णिकसनशील औद्योणगक देशांनी सामाणजक सरु क्षा पद्घतीचा अिलंब के ला असनू पणह쥍या ि दसु 앍या महायद्घु ांनी त्याची णनकड ि महत्त्ि जगाला पटिनू णदले. पररिामतः बेकारी, िद्घृ त्ि, अनारोग्य (व्याधीगस्तता), मत्ृ य,ू अपंगत्ि, मणतमंदता िगैरे संिेदनशील नैसणगचक अिस्थांबाबत सरु क्षा दण्े यासाठी सामाणजक सरु क्षा योजना कायाचणन्ित झा쥍या आणि बहुतेक दशे ांनी सामाणजक णिमा योजना अंमलात आिली. या बाबतीत अमेररका, ऑस्रेणलया आणि न्यझू ीलंड या दशे ांनी व्यापक प्रमािात सामाणजक णिमा योजना हाती घेत쥍या. त्यामुळे सामाणजक सुरक्षा ही संज्ञा आधणु नक काळात सामाणजक णिमा या नािाने पररणचत झाली आह.े

या योजना दशे परत्िे णभन्न असनू ही त्यांत तीन समानसत्रू े णकं िा गिु णिशेष आढळतात : (१) कायद्याने त्या संस्थाणपत आहते . (२) िद्घृ त्ि, अपंगत्ि, मत्ृ य,ू आजारीपि, कामािर असताना झालेली इजा ि पंगत्ु ि णकं िा बेकारी आदींमळु े झालेली आणथचक हानी भ셁न काढण्यासाठी रोख रक्कम णकं िा काही रक्कम त्या व्यक्तीला दते ात आणि (३) सामाणजक णिमा णकं िा सामाणजक सहकायच या सेिांद्वारे त्यांतील णिणिध योजनांतनू ही गरज भागणिली जाते. बेकारी ि िद्घृ त्ि यांिरील तोडगा म्हिनू काही देशांनी बेकारी भत्ता आणि णनिणृ त्तिेतन या योजना कायाचणन्ित के 쥍या आहते .

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ⇨ णि쥍यम हन्रे ी बेव्हरीज ह े लोकशाहीची बांधीलकी सांगताना म्हितात, ‘सामाणजक सुरक्षा ही पाच महाशत्रंणु ि셁द्घची लढाई आह.े ह े पाच शत्र ू म्हिजे गरजा, रोग, अज्ञान, आळस आणि गणल楍छपिा हे होत’.

दसु 앍या महायद्घु ानंतर अनेक राष्ट्रे राजकीयदृष्ट्या स्ितंत्र झाली आणि त्यांनी क쥍यािकारी रा煍याची क쥍पना स्िीकारली आणि सामाणजक सरु क्षेला महत्त्िपिू च स्थान णदले. आंतरराष्ट्रीय स्तरािर संयक्तु राष्ट्र संघटने楍या स्थापनेमळु े सामाणजक णिकासा楍या अनेक योजना कायाचणन्ित झा쥍या. आंतरराष्ट्रीय कामगार मंडळाने सामाणजक सरु क्षेची व्यापक व्याख्या के ली. ‘समाजाने आप쥍या सदस्यां楍या आपत्तींणि셁द्घ योग्य संघटनाद्वारे उपलब्ध क셂न णदलेली सरु णक्षतता म्हिजे सामाणजक सरु णक्षतता होय. या आपत्ती आकणस्मकपिे उद्भितात आणि व्यक्ती िा छोटे समहू त्यांना तⴂड दण्े यास असमथच ठरतात’. रा煍यकत्यां楍या दृणष्टकोनातनू ‘लोकांचे जीिनमान उंचािण्यासाठी ि दाररद्याची तीिता कमी करण्यासाठी जे उपाय शासकीय पातळीि셁न के ले जातात, त्यांना सामाणजक सरु क्षा म्हितात' पणह쥍या आंतरराष्ट्रीय सामाणजक सरु क्षा चचाचसत्रात सिाचनमु ते असे ठरले की प्रत्येक देशाने नव्या णपढीत बौणद्घक, नैणतक आणि शारीररक बळाचा णिकास केला पाणहजे ⇨ माक्स िेबरआणि हरे मान कोएन या समाजशास्त्रज्ञां楍या मते ‘सामाणजक सरु क्षा हा िादगस्त आणि जीिनािश्यक णिषय असनू तो बहुणमतीय, ताणत्त्िक, सैद्घांणतक, मानितािादी, आणथचक, प्रशासकीय, सामाणजक, राजकीय, संख्याशास्त्रीय, िास्तििादी, िैद्यकीय आणि कायदेशीर’. आहे िॉ쥍टर आणि फें डलँडर यां楍या मते ‘सामाणजक सरु क्षा हा समाजाने राबणिलेला कायचिम असतो; कारि व्यक्ती आजार, अपंगत्ि, अपघात, िद्घृ त्ि यां楍याणि셁द्घ स्ितःला आणि कु टुंबीयांना व्यणक्तशः िाचि ू शकत नाही, इतकी ती हतबल झालेली असते’. सामाणजक सरु क्षा हा समदु ायाचा उपकम असािा लागतो. सामान्यतः सिच सेिा, सिच उद्योगधंदे आणि व्यिसाय ह े सामाणजक सरु क्षा या संक쥍पनेत अंतभचतू होतात.

सारा車श : प्राचीन भारतात खेडे स्ियंपिू च होते. त्यामुळे गरीब लोकांना साहाय्य दण्े याची जबाबदारी ग्रा मपंचायतीची होती. जाणतसंस्था, धमच, कु टुंबसंस्था, ग्रा मपंचायत इ. संस्थांचा आधार गरज ू व्यक्तींना होता. ही व्यिस्था मध्ययगु ापयंत होती. मराठा अंमलात छत्रपती णशिाजी महाराजांनी रयते楍या संरक्षिाबरोबरच सामाणजक सरु णक्षततेकडेही लक्ष णदले होते. शेतक앍यांना कजे णदली आणि त्यांना कोिी त्रास णद쥍यास कडक शासन णदले जाई. त्यां楍या रा煍यात णस्त्रयांची सरु णक्षतता आणि सिच धमांना समान आदर होता. हीच पद्घत पढु े पेशिाईत कमीअणधक प्रमािात चाल ू होती, पि पेशिाई楍या अस्तानंतर (१८१८) इग्रं जांनी राजसत्ते楍या दृढीकरिािर लक्ष कें णद्रत के ले. त्यामळु े सामाणजक सरु णक्षततेकडे त्यांचे दलु चक्ष झाले.

स्िातंत्र्योत्तर भारतात शासकीय सहकायाचिर अणधकाणधक अिलंबनू राहण्याची लोकांची प्रित्तृ ी िाढीस लागली. कामगार िगाच楍या आपत्तींकडे दलु चक्ष क셂न चालिार नाही, ह े शासनाला पटले. त्यामुळे पंचिाणषचक योजनांमध्ये कामगार क쥍यािासाठी तरतदू होऊ लागली. कामगारां楍या समस्यांचा णिचार क셂न आजारपि ि पंगत्ु ि णिमा, अपघात णिमा, प्रसतू ी णिमा, बेकारी णिमा,

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 िद्घृ त्ि णिमा इ. णिमा योजना णिचाराधीन होत्या. आयणु िचमा महामंडळामाफच त ही जबाबदारी काहीशी उचलण्यात आली. १९४८ मध्ये कामगार रा煍य णिमा कायदा आणि १९५२ मध्ये भणिष्ट्य णनिाचह णनधी कायदा मंजरू झाला.

स車दर्म सूची :

• डॉ.प्रदीप आगलािे –भारतीय समाज प्रश्न आणि समस्या – साईनाथ प्रकाशन नागपरू

• डॉ.सरोज आगलािे - भारतीय समाज प्रश्न आणि समस्या – साईनाथ प्रकाशन नागपरू

• रा.ज.लोटे –सामाजशात्र पररचय -णपंपंळापरु े प्रकाशन नागपरू

• माणशके दनै ंणदन ित्तृ पत्रे , िेब सचच

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 tquh isU'ku ;kstuk vkf.k uohu isU'ku ;kstukfo"k;h fopkjeaFku

izk-MkW- fo|k ds- HkSlkjs vfudsr lektdk;Z egkfo|ky;] o/kkZ- eks-ua- 7721979439

iwohZ 'kkldh; o fue'kkldh; uksdjnkjkauk fuo`RRkh osrufu/kh fu;ked o fodkl izkf/kdj.k ¼isU’ku QaM jsX;qysVjh vW.M MsOgyiesaV ,WFkkWfjVh ½ LFkkiu dsys gksrs- ;k izkf/kdj.kkeqGs egkjk"Vª ukxjh lsok ¼ fuo`Rrh osru ½lsok fu;e 1982 o ¼1½ egkjk"Vª ukxjh lsok fuo`Rrh osrukps va’kjkf’kdj.k fu;e ¼1984½ ¼2½ loZlk/kkj.k Hkfo"; fuokZg fu/kh ;ki/nrhus isU’ku ;kstuk loZ deZpk&;klkBh leku i/nrhus jkcfoyh tkr gksrh- 1 uksOgsacj 2005 R;kiwohZ fu;qDr gks.kk&;k o dk;Zjr deZpk&;akuk tqU;k isU’ku ;kstuspk ykHk feGr gksrk- ijarw 1 tkusokjh 2004 e/;s dsanzljdkjus ¼Mhlhih,l½pk v/;kns'k dkkyk- uO;k ;kstusuqlkj deZpk&;kaps ¼Mhlhih,l½ ps iSls ixkjkrwu ijLij otk d:u ’kklukP;k ¼Mhlhih,l½ [kkR;kr tek gksrkr-

tks deZpkjh ’kkldh; o fu’kkldh; lsosr vkgs vkf.k 25 rs 30 o"kkZis{kk tkLr @fn?kZdkG lsok fnyh vkgs- v’kk deZpk&;kP;k mrkjo;kr R;kaps dkgh izek.kkr vFkkZtu Ogkos] R;kyk o R;kaP;k dqVawckuk fdeku xjtk feGkO;kr brds mRiUu ¼fuo`Rrh osru½ ns.ks ’kklukph tckcnkjh ulwu drZO; vkgs- 'kklukdMs fu/kh fdaok rjrwn Eg.kwu ’kklu vkiY;k drZO;kiklwu iG dkkY;kl R;kaP;k iRuhyk fuo`Rrhosru]fodykax eqyxk o eqyhl fuo`RRkhosru rlsp Hkfo"; fuokZg fu/khe/khy jDde deZpk&;kP;k dwVwackyk fnykh tkrs-

twU;k isU'ku ;kstukeqGs lsokfuo`Rr deZpkjh vkiY;k o dqVawckP;k vkfFkZd xjtkaph iwrZrk djhr vlrks- rlsp fuo`Rr >kY;koj lUekukus thou txr vlrks- fuo`Rrh osru gk o`/nidkGkpk o Hkfo";dkyhu thou tx.;kpk ,deso vk/kkj vkgss-

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uohu isU'ku ;kstuk ¼ ,uih,l ½ isU'ku QaM jsX;ysVjh vW.M MsOgYIkesaV vkWFkkfjVh Hkkjr ljdkjus dkgh o"kkZiwohZ isU’ku QaM jsX;ysVjh vW.M MsOgYIkesaV vkWFkkfjVh ¼ih,QvkjMh,½;k lalFskvarZxr uohu isU’ku ;kstuk lq: dsyh vkgs- tquh isU’ku ;kstuk can d:u uoh va’knk;h isU’ku ;kstuk dsanzljdkjus ykxq dsyh vkgs- uohu isU'ku ;kstusr deZpk&;kauk U;kaP;k e`R;wuarj R;kaP;k iRuhykgh isU'ku vk/kj jkfgysyk ukgh- gk vk/kkjp 1 ,fizy 2005 yk laiq"Vkr vkyk- 1982 P;k tqU;k isU’ku ;kstusr vl.kkjh thih,Q ¼ loZlk/kkj.k Hkfo";fu/kh ;kstuk ½ lkj[kh ykHkkph ;kstuk th ladVdkGh dk

’kqYd n;kos ykxr ukgh- ,uih,l gh ;kstuk lsokfuo`rh lsfoax vdkamV vkgs- Hkkjr ljdkjus 1 tkusokjh 2004 yk lq: dsys- R;kuarj ;k rkj[ksuarj :tw >kysY;k loZ ljdkjh deZpk&;kdfjrk gh ;kstuk vfuok;Z vkgs- 2009 uarj ;k ;kstusr izk;OgsV lsDVje/;s dke dj.kk&;k O;Drhdfjrk [kkrs lq: dj.;kr vkys- ljdkjh rlsp izk;OgsV lsDVje/;s dke dj.kk&;k dks.kR;kgh deZpk&;kyk T;kaps o; 18 ts 60 o"kkZP;k vkrhy vkgs rs loZ vkiY;k bPNsus ;k ;kstusr lekfo"V gksow 'kdrkr-ljdkjh deZpkjh ,uih,l e/;s fdrhgh jDde tek d: ’kdrkr-ijarw 10 VDds jDde cslhd vf/kd Mh,oj VWDlpk ykHk feGsy- izk;OgsV lsDVj e/;s dke dj.kkjsgh fdrhgh jDde tek d: ’kdrkr -ijarw VWDlpk ykHk xzkl VksVy bude oj 10 VDds i;Zr feGsy- VWDle/;s 80 lh varXkZr 1 yk[kkP;k vkr jDdesoj lwV izkIr vkgs-

lsch] bMkZizek.ks fuo`Rr ;kstuklkBh ljdkjus 10 vkWDVksacj 2003 jksth Lora= izkf/kdj.kkph LFkkiuk dsyh- ¼isU'ku QaM jsX;ysVjh vW.M MsOgYIkesaV vkWFkkfjVh½ -1 tkusokjh 2004 iklwu ljdkjh uksdjhr nk[ky gks.kk&;kauk fuo`Rr osru feGr ukgh- R;klkBh ;k uohu isU’ku ;kstusr ¼ ,uih,l ½ iSls xqarfo.ks rsOgkiklwu lq: >kys-loZ turslkBh gh ;kstuk 1 es 2009 iklwu lq: >kyh vkgs- 18 rs 60 o;ksxVkrhy dks.khgh l{ke O;Drh th Hkkjrh; ukxjhd vkgs- ¼ ijns'kLFk Hkkjrh;lq/nk½ rh gs [kkrs m?kMw ’kdrs- ijarw fnokG[kksj fdaok ckS/nhdn`"V;k v{ke O;Drh gs [kkrs m?kMw ’kdr ukgh- uohu isU’ku ;kstuk ¼,uih,l½ e/;k Hkjysyh jDde nksu izdkjkauh xqarfork ;srs- 1- vWDVhOg Ik;kZ; & oS;Drhd QaM ¼bZlhth½

2- Lo;apyhr i;kZ; & ok

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 bZ &xaqro.kwd izdkjke/;s izkeq[;kus bfDoVh 'ksvlZ xaqro.kwd] lh& xaqro.kwd izdkjke/;s laLFkk vkf.k daiU;kP;k Bsoh @jks[ks Lo:ikr xaqro.kwd vlrs vkf.k th & xaqro.kwd izdkjke/;s ljdkjh dtZjks[;kr xaqro.kwd djrk ;srs-

,uih,l gh isU'ku Ldhe ukgh rj rh ,d xaqro.kwd ;kstuk vkgs- deZpkjh fuo`Rrhuarj 40 VDds jDde 'ksvj cktkjkr xaqrow.k R;koj isU'ku ns.;kr ;s.kkj vkgs- 'ksvj ekdsZVP;k vfuf'pr rRokoj gh ;kstuk vkgs- R;keqGs fuo`Rrhuarj deZpk&;kP;k vk;q";k'kh [ksG dj.kkjh vkgs- lqjf{kr Hkfo";klkBh gh ;kstuk ukgh- rlsp 'kkldh; deZpk&;kP;k Hkfo";kph rjrwn ukgh- ;k isU'ku ;kstusr ljdkj 'kkldh; deZpk&;kP;k osrukrwu dki.kkjh jDde vkf.k ljdkjph jDde 'ksvj ekdsZVe/;s xaqror vkgsr uO;k isU'ku ;kstusyk fojks/kkph dkj.ks % 1- dsanzljdkjP;k lqpuso:u egkjk"Vªkr 2005 lkyh uoh isU'ku ;kstuk ykxq dj.;kr vkyh ijarw dsanzljdkjus 2009 lkyh ;kstusr ts cny dsys rs egkjk"Vª 'kklukus vtwugh dsysys ukgh- 2- tquh isU'ku ;kstuk ykxq vlysY;k 'kkldh; deZpk&;kapk lsosr vlrkauk e`R;w >kY;kl R;kaP;k iRuhyk feG.kkjs fuo`Rrh osru] fdykax eqykl&eqyhl feG.kkjs dqVawc fuo`Rrh osru] xWzT;qbVh va’kjk’khdj.k] Hkfo";fuokZg fu/khe/;s tek vlysyh laiw.kz jdde oU;k isU’ku ;kstusrhy deZpk&;kaP;k dqVawckyk feG.kkj ukgh-

3- lsosr vlrkauk deZpk&;kyk viaxRo vkY;kl tqU;k isU’ku ;kstusr feG.kkjs ykHkgh uO;k isU’ku ;kstusr lkehygh dsysys ukgh- 4- jktLFkku] mRRkjizns'k o mRrjk[kaM v'kk fofo/k jkT;kr uO;k cnyklg isU'ku ;kstuk ykxw dsysyh vkgs- ijarw egkjk"Vª ljdkjus vtwugh uohu cny dsysys ukghr- 5- uohu isU'ku ;kstuk j| d:u tquh isU'ku ;kstuk ykxq dj.;kr ;koh- ,danjhr tquh isU'ku ;kstuk o uohu isU'ku ;kstuk ;kr cjhp rQkor vkgs- deZpk&;kaP;k n`f"Vus uohu isU'ku ;kstuk =klnk;d]deZpk&;kaP;k vk;q";k'kh [ksG.kkjh] Hkfo";dkyhu dks.krkgh vk/kkj ulysyh rlsp uqdlkunk;d vkgs- lsokfuo`Rrhuarj Hkfo";kP;k n`f"Vus lek/kkudkjd ulY;keqGs o vk/kkjghu vlY;keqGs ;k ;kstuseqGs o`/nidkGkr deZpk&;kauk c&;kp leL;k o vMp.khauk rksaM n;kos ykxsy-R;keqGs uohu isU'ku ;kstuk can dj.;kr ;sowu tquh isU'ku ;kstukp ykxw dj.;kr ;koh- lanHkZ %

1- lq/kkdj ekudj &lhfuvj dkWyst gWaMcqd & , jsMh jsQjUl &[kaM lgkok &vrqy ifCyds'ku dksYgkiwj- tkusokjh 2016

2- lq/kkdj ekudj &lhfuvj dkWyst gWaMcqd & , jsMh jsQjUl &[kaM frljk &vrqy ifCyds'ku dksYgkiwj- tkusokjh 2006

3- ns’kksUurh 24 vkWDVksacj 2018 4- iq.;uxjh 25 vkWDVksacj 2018

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 isU”ku ;kstuk o lkekftd lqj{kk izk- foykl egknsojko oku[ksMs

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isU”ku ;kstuk gk dk;nk ekpZ 1978 e/;s laer dj.;kr vky- ijarq ;k dk;n;kph izR;{kkr veyctko.kh 15 tqyS 1981 iklqu lq# dj.;kr vkyh- [kktxh “kkGkaP;k O;oLFkki.kkP;k nckokeqGs gk dk;nk rhu o’kkZi;Zar veykr vkyk ukgh- tsOgk gk dk;nk fo/kkulHksr ekaM.;kr vkyk rsOgk R;kl cÚ;kp izek.kkr fojks/kkpk lkeuk djkok ykxyk- 1974 lkyh gs fo/ks;d tsOgk fo/kkulHksr ekaM.;kr vkys rsOgk laLFkkpkydkaP;k izpaM nckokeqGs gs fo/ks;d ekxs ?;kos ykxys- “ksoVh 1977 e/;s gs fo/ks;d fo/kulHksr ekaM.;kr vkys- vkf.k f”k{kd pGoGhP;k nckokeqGs gs fo/ks;d 1978 e/;s eatqj dj.;kr vkyk- rjhgh jkT; ljdkjus ;k dk;n;koj veyctko.kh dj.;kl rhu o’kZ yksVq fnys- dk;n;kps fu;e dj.;kP;k lcch[kkyh gs rhu o’kZ yksVys- [kÚ;k vFkkZus 15 tqyS 1981 iklqu gk dk;nk o ;k dk;n;kps fu;e ykxq dj.;kr vkys- dk;|kPkk eq[; m|s”k %

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 fu;e Bjowu lsokfuo`Rrh /kkjdkaps mrkj o;krhy thou “kkarrk o lq[kkus ?kkyfo.;klkBh “kklu lsokfuo`Rrh/kkjdkl isU”ku nsrs- vls vusd th vkj “kklukus dk

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 नवीन पेन्शन योजना : एक र्ृगजळ

प्रा. डॉ. ए. एर्. लाटे सहा뵍यक प्राध्यापक, पयामवरणशास्त्र चवर्ाग, चशवनेरी र्हाचवद्यालय, चश셂रअन車तपाळ, चज. लातुर

कᴂद्र शासनाने त्यां楍या सेिेमध्ये १ जानेिारी २००४ रोजी णकं िा त्यानंतर नव्याने णनयक्तु होिा앍या कमच ा앍यांना जनु ी कु टुंब णनितृ ीिेतन

योजना रद्द क셂न निीन अंशदान णनितृ ीिते न योजना (NPS) लाग ू केली. तसेच यामध्ये सिच रा煍यांना या योजनेत समणिष्ट होण्याचा णिक쥍प देण्यात आला होता. केंद्र सरकार楍या या णनिचया楍या धतीिर महाराष्ट्र शासनाने देखील ०१ नोव्हेंबर २००५ रोजी णकं िा त्यानंतर शासकीय ि णनमशासकीय सेिेत नव्याने 셁ज ू होिा앍या सिच कमच ा앍यांसाठी महाराष्ट्र नागरी सेिा णनित्तृ ीिेतन योजना (जनु ी पेन्शन-१९८२) रद्द क셂न निीन

पररभाणषत अंशदान णनित्तृ ीिते न योजना (DCPS) लाग ू केली.

सदरील योजनेअंतगचत संबंणधत कमच ा앍यां楍या िते नातून दरमहा मळू िेतन अणधक महागाई भत्ता या楍या १०% इतकी रक्कम कपात केली जाते. तसेच याबरोबरच शासनाकडून समतु쥍य अंशदान अणधक व्याज जमा करिे अपेणक्षत आहे ि त्याबाबतची माणहती सदरील कमच ा앍यांना देिे अणभप्रेत आहे.यामध्ये णनयत ियोमानानुसार सिे णनित्तृ होिा앍या कमच ा앍यांना सेिाकाळातील त्यां楍या खाती जमा झाले쥍या एकू ि रकमे楍या केिळ ६० % इतकी रक्कम रोख स्ि셂पात णमळिार असनू उिचरीत ४० % रक्कम णह णनित्तृ ीिेतन णनधी णिणनयामक ि णिकास

प्राणधकरि यां楍याकडून णनयंणत्रत के쥍या जािा앍या णिमा कं पनीकडून िाणषचकी (Annutiy) खरेदी करण्यासाठी गतंु णििे बंधनकारक केले आहे.

सद्यणस्थतीतील निीन पेन्शन योजनेचा ि कु टुंब णनितृ ीिते न योजनेचा तलु नात्मक अभ्यास केला असता असे लक्षात येते की, जनु ी पेन्शन योजनेत सेिाणनितृ ीनंतर संबंणधत कमच ा앍यांस त्यां楍या िेतना楍या णनम्मी रक्कम पेन्शन स्ि셂पात णमळत होती. तसेच त्या व्यक्ती楍या मत्ृ यनंतर देखील पत्नीला एकू ि पेन्शन रकमे楍या णनम्मी पेन्शन देय होती. याबरोबरच रजेचे रोखीकरि, ग्रे楍यटु ी, आगाऊ पेन्शन ि आयकरातील सिलत आणद बाबतीत कमचचारी िगाचला फायदे णमळत होते. त्यामळु े सेिाणनितृ ीनंतर संबणधत कमचचा앍यास णमळिा앍या लाभामळु े त्यांना िद्ृ ापकाळात सन्मानाने जीिन जगता येत होते. याउलट निीन पेन्शन योजनेतून सेिाणनितृ ीनंतर णमळिारी पेन्शन णह संपिू चपिे शेअर बाजारातील नफा-तोटा यािर आधाररत आहे यामध्ये सरकारकडून पेन्शनबाबतीत कोितीही हमी घेतली जात नाही.

सदरील योजने楍या सद्यणस्थतीतील अंमलबजाििीचा आढािा घेतला असता असे णनदशचनास येते की, आजणमतीला तब्बल १३ िषाचनंतर देखील कमच ा앍यांना त्या楍ं या िेतनातून दरमहा केली जािारी कपात, शासनाकडून जमा केले जािारे समतु쥍य अंशदान ि त्यािरील व्याज याबाबत楍या माणहती楍या पारदशचकतेचा अभाि णदसनु येतो. तसेच सदरील योजनेतील मयत कमच ा앍यां楍या कु टुंबाकररता कोित्याही प्रकारची शाश्वत स्ि셂पाचे सहाय्य देण्याची तरतूद या योजनेत उपलब्ध नाही. याउलट या योजनेतील मयत कमच ा앍यांना णदले जािा앍या सानुग्रह अनुदाना楍या

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 शासन णनिचयातील जाचक अटींमळु े कोित्याही कमच ा앍या楍या कु टुंबीयांना या योजनचे ा फायदा होिार नाही असे णचत्र आह.े यामळु े सि च कमच ा앍यामं ध्य े या योजनेबाबत प्रचंड असंतोषाच े िातािरि आह.े

तसेच निीन पेन्शन योजने楍या अमलबजाििीमध्ये देखील घटने楍या कलम १४ अन्िये अणभप्रेत असले쥍या समानते楍या तत्िाची पायम쥍ली होताना णदसनु येते. यामध्ये जे लोकप्रणतणनधी संसद ि णिणधमंडळात कायदा मंजरू करण्याचे काम करतात त्यानं ा पेन्शन लाग ू आहे. तसेच न्यायव्यिस्थेत काम करिारे न्याधीश ि सलंग्न कमचचारी यांना पेन्शन लाग ू आहे. मात्र याच देशात तोच कायदा णशकििारे णशक्षक ि प्राध्यापक मात्र पेन्शन楍या न्याय हक्कापासनू िंणचत आहेत णह बाब लोकशाहीचा परु स्कार करण्या앍या देशात स셁ु आहे हे णिशेष.

मागील मणहन्यात कमचचारी संघटनांनी णद쥍ली येथे प्रचंड मोचाच काढून जनु ी पेन्शन योजना लाग ू करण्याची आग्रही मागिी केली ि त्यानुसार णद쥍लीचे मख्ु यमंत्री अरणिंद केजरीिाल यांनी एका णदिसात णिणधमंडळात ठराि घेऊन पेन्शन बाबतीत णनिचय घेतला. तसेच या योजेने楍या णिरोधातील असंतोष नुकत्याच झाले쥍या पाच रा煍यां楍या णनिडिकु ांमध्ये या कमच ा앍यां楍या ‘नो पेन्शन-नो िोट’ या भणू मके ि셂न लक्षात येतो. आगामी लोकसभे楍या णनिडिकु ीत जनु ी पेन्शनचा मद्दु ा राजकीय पक्षां楍या जाहीरनाम्यात समाणिष्ट होईल इतकी व्याप्ती णनमाचि झा쥍याचे णचत्र आहे.

निीन पेन्शन योजने楍या बाबतीतील केंद्र सरकार楍या णनिचयाचं ा अभ्यास केला असता असे लक्षात येते की, णह योजना लाग ू करायची की जनु ी कु टुंब णनितृ ीिेतन योजना स셂ु ठेिायची णह बाब पिू चपि े संबणधत रा煍य सरकार楍या इ楍छाशक्तीिर अिलंबून आहे यामध्ये कु ठेही जशास तसे स्िीकारण्याचे बंधन नाही. तसेच निीन पेन्शन योजनेचा णनिचय घेत असताना महाराष्ट्रामध्ये तर तो केिळ मंणत्रमंडळा楍या एका बैठकीतील णनिचयािर आधाररत आहे त्याकररता णिणधमंडळात कायदा तयार केला नस쥍याचे णनदशचनास येते. याउलट महाराष्ट्र नागरी सेिा णनित्तृ ीिते न योजना (जनु ी पेन्शन-१९८२) याबाबतीत कायद्यअन्िये पेन्शन देण्याबाबतीची तरतदू आहे.

आजणमतीला निीन पररभाणषत अंशदान णनित्तृ ीिेतन योजनेतील कमचचारी सेिाणनित्तृ होण्यास आिखी कालिधी असला तरी या योजने楍या त्रटु ींमळु े मयत कमच ा앍यां楍या बाबतीत त्यां楍या कु टुंबास अनुभिायास णमळिारे प्रसंग खपु च ददु िै ी ि णिदारक आहेत. सिचसाधारिपिे शासकीय ि णनमशासकीय नोकरी णमळा쥍यानंतर त्या व्यक्तीला ि त्यां楍या कु टुंबाला सामाणजक, आणथचक ि मानणसक स्थैयच प्राप्त होते असा समज आहे. मात्र सद्यणस्थतीतील निीन पेन्शनमळु े या कमच ा앍याचं े भणितव्य अंधारमय अस쥍यची बाब अधोरेणखत आहे. सदरील लखे ा楍या माध्यमातून १ नोव्हबें र २००५ नंतर नव्याने सेिेत आले쥍या ि नोकरी楍या जीिािर स्िप्नरंजनात मशगलु असले쥍या सिच कमच ारी बांधिांना निीन पेन्शन योजने楍या मगृ जळाची जािीि क셂न जागतृ ी णनमाचि करण्याकररता हा णलखािप्रपचं . संदभचसचु ी १- णित्त णिभाग शासन णनिचय णद.३१.१०.२००५ २- णित्त णिभाग शासन णनिचय णद. १२.०१.२००७ ३- णित्त णिभाग शासन णनिचय णद. ०७.०७.२००७ ४- णित्त णिभाग शासन णनिचय णद. ०७.०२.२००८

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iwohZ 'kkldh;] fue'kkldh; uksdjnkjkauk fuo`Rrh osrufu/kh fu;ked o fodkl izkf/kdj.k LFkkiu dsys gksrs-

;k izkf/kdj.kkeqGs egkjk"Vª ukxjh lsok ¼fuo`Rrh osru½ lsok fu;e 1982 o (1) egkjk"Vª ukxjh lsok fuo`Rrh osrukps va'kjkf'kdj.k fu;e (1984) (2) loZ lk/kkj.k Hkfo"; fuokZg fu/kh ;k i/nrhus isU'ku ;kstuk loZ deZpkÚ;kalkBh leku i/nrhus jkcfoyh tkr gksrh- ijarq 1 tkusokjh 2004 e/;s dsaæ ljdkjus Mhlhih,l pk v/;kns'k dk

1½ tqU;k isU'ku ;kstusr deZpkÚ;kauk fuo`Rrhuarjgh iw.kZ laj{k.k o vkfFkZd ykHk feGr gksrs- lsosr vlrkauk e`R;q

>kY;koj dqVwac fuo`Rrhosru ¼iRuh½] fodykax viR;kl dqVwac fuo`Rrh osru o xzWP;qVh ¼e;kZnk 7 yk[k½] va’k jkf'kdj.k bR;knh Qk;ns tqU;k isU'ku ;kstusvarxZr deZpkÚ;kauk feGr gksrs- ek= ufou isU’ku ;kstusr ;kiSdh dks.krkgh ykHk deZpkÚ;kauk feGr ukgh-

2½ tqU;k isU'ku ;kstusr ,[kknÓk deZpkÚ;kl nqnsZoku 'kkfjjhd] ekufld vFkok fodykaxrseqGs lsokfuo`Rrh ?;koh ykxyh rjh ojhyizek.ks loZ ykHk deZpkÚ;kl feGr gksrs- ek= uO;k va'knku ;kstusr gs loZ ykHk dk

3½ tqU;k isU'ku ;kstusvarxZr fuo`Rrh osru ;klkBh osrukrqu dqByhgh dikr dsyh tkr uls] ek= uO;k fuo`Rrh osru ;kstusr deZpkÚ;kaP;k ixkjkrqu dikr dj.;kr vkysY;k jdesoj ¼10 VDds½ vk/kkfjr ykHk uO;k ;kstusP;k varxZr vkgs-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 v'kk rÚgsus ufou va'knu isU'ku ;kstuk gh loZ ’kklfd; deZpkjh rlsp f'k{kdkalkBh Qkjp vU;k;dkjd vkgs- R;kdjhrk ’kklukus deZpkÚ;kauk fgrkpk fopkj d:u ufou isU’ku ;kstuk jn~n d:u tquhp isU’ku ;kstuk ykxq djk;yk goh-

lanHkZ

1½ www.saamna.com 2½ egkjk"Vª tquh isU'ku gDd la?kVuk xzqi-

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 117

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 fuo`Rrh osru ;kstuk vkf.k lkekftd lqj{kk

izk- vpZuk [kaMkxGs vfudsr lektdk;Z egkfo|ky; o/kkZ Mail – [email protected]

dkgh rkRdkfyd fdaok nh?kZdkyhu dkj.kkaeqGs T;k O;Drhauk vkiyh miftohdk Hkkxork ;sr ukgh]

R;kaP;klkBh lkekftd lqj{kk iqjoyh tkrs- fodflr ns’kkae/;s lkekftd lqj{kk iqjo.ks gs ,d vaxHkwr oSf'k’V; vkgs- rj] deh fodflr ns”kkae/;s] rkRiqjrh csjkstxkjh vkf.k rhoz uwdlku ;keqGs gks.kkjk =kl VkG.;klkBh dkgh izek.kkr lkekftd lqj{kk iqjoyh tkrs- rFkkih] fodflr ns”kkae/;s iqjo.;kr ;s.kkjh lkekftd lqj{kk vkf.k deh fodflr ns’kkae/;s iqjo.;kr ;s.kkjh lkekftd lqj{kk ;kr cjhp uQkor vkgs- l/;kP;k dkGkr fodflr ns”kgh cÚ;kp leL;kauk lkeksjs tkr vkgsr- mnk- T;s’B ukxfjdkalkBhph fuo`Rrhosru ;kstuk- ykHkkFkhZps izek.k ok

Hkkjrklkj[;k fodlu”khy ns”kke/;s T;s’B ukxfjdkaP;k leL;kaps Lo:Ik osxosxGs vkgs- nh?kZdkyhu nkfjnz;] csjkstxkjh vkf.k U;wu jkstxkj vaMj,EiykW;esUV rlsp fu;ekyk /k:u ulsysy:k {ks=kps eksBs izek.k vkgs- rFkkih] dkgh ;qjksfi; ns”k QzkUl] LohMu ;kae/;s T;s’B ukxfjdkaps izek.k 7% gqu 14% gks.;kl 100 rs 120 o’kZs ykxyh- rj] Hkkjr phu vkf.k dkgh vkf”k;kbZ ns”kkae/;s gs izek.k dsoG 40 o’kkZr >kys-

Lkekftd lqj{ksrhy vkarjjk’Vªh; fjrh o Hkkjr

lkekftd lqj{kk gh lanHkkZus usgeh ;sr vlrs R;kph oSf”k’V;sgh osxGh vkgsr- lkekftd laj{k.k] lkekftd dY;k.k o brj vusd ‘kCnkaP;k ek/;ekrwu R;kpk mYys[k gksrks- lkekftd lqj{kk gh usgeh okijyh tk.kkjh ladYiuk vkgs- la;qDr jk’VªkaP;k vkelHksP;k Bjko 21 , 1948 e/khy ekuoh gDd lkekftd tkghjukE;kP;k dye 22 vUo;s lektkpk lnL; vlysY;k izR;sdkyk lkekftd lqj{kspk vf/kdkj vkgs] jk’Vªh; iz;Ru vkarjjk’Vªh; lgdk;kZrwu lkekftd lqj{kk feg.ks vko’;d vkgs- dq.kkgh O;Drhpk eqDr fodklkdfjrk lkekftd] lkaLd`frd o vkfFkZd dY;k.k lk/k.ks vko’;d vlrs- tkghjekE;krhy dye 23 vuqlkj izR;sd O;Drhyk lkekftd lqj{ksps ikBcG xjtsps vkgs- lkekftd ekuoh gDd tkghjukE;kP;k dye 22 uqlkj lkekftd lqj{kk gk egRokpk fo”k; ekuyk tkrks- lkekftd lqj{kk ladYiuspk mn;

bfrgkldkjkauh vkrki;Zar lezkV o jkts ;kap;k yskddY;k.kdkjh n`f’Vdksukps nLrkosthdj.k dsys vkgs- vxnhizkphu rs e/;;qxhu dkGkrhy yksddY;k.k ;kstukaph ekfgrh R;kr vkgs- lkekftd lqj{kk ;k vk/kqfud ladYiuspk mn; gk ,dksf.klkO;k “krdkP;k “ksoVh >kkyk- teZuhr gh ladYiuk izFke lq: >kyh] vkWVksOgku fcLekdZ gk teZuhpk psUlsyj gksrk rsOgk lkekftd lqj{ksph ladYiuk ekaMyh xsyh- R;kr dkexkjkauk HkjikbZ 1884] vktkji.k foek ;kstuk 1888] lkekftd foek ;kstuk 1989 vls vusd nk[kys teZuhP;k ckcrhr nsrk ;srhy folkO;k “krdkP;k

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 118

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 l:okrhyk loZd’k lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstuk rsFks vaeykr gksrh- R;kosGh 1897 e/;s fczVuus efgyk HkjikbZ dk;nk dsyk- R;kikBksikB jk’Vªh; foek dk;nk 1911 dj.;kr vkyk- fczVu ljdkjus ifgyh lkeqnkf;d lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstuk nqlÚ;k egk;q/nkuarj r;kj dsyh- ;kps Js; foY;e gsUkzh csOgjht ;kauk tkrs- csOgjht gs vFkZrK o iqjkxkeh fopkjkps lekt lq/kkjd gksrs- R;kauh ljdkjyk csOgjht ;kstuk lknj dsyh gksrh- R;krwup fczVuph jk’Vªh; vkjksX; O;oLFkk vkdkjkl vkyh- vkjksX; lsok vaeyctko.khr vktgh rh vkn’kZ ekuyh tkrs- 1900 rs 1920 njE;ku vesfjdk rRoKkukrhy dzkarhph lk{khnkj Bjyh R;krp o`/nkidkG enr ;sktuk] vkfFkZd lq/kkj.kk ;sktuk o lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstuk lq: >kY;k- vesfjdsus 1935 e/;s lkekftd lqj{kk dk;nk dsyk- R;kosGh QzWadyhu :>osYV v/;{k gksrs] ;k

;kstusrwu iqkyh- QzkUle/;s 1946 e/;s fivj yWjkWr ;kauh jk’Vªh; lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstuk r;kj dsyh R;kr lxG;k yksdkauk lekowu ?ksrys gksrs- ;k lxG;k dkGkr vkarjjk’Vªh; dkexkj la?kVuk o la;qDr jk’Vªs ;kauh lkekftd lqj{ksp;k vkarjjk’Vªh; dk;n;kauk izkRlkgu fnys- vkarjjk’Vªh; dkexkj la?kVusP;k 1944 P;k tkghjukE;kr lkekftd lqj{kk laLFkkauh ekfgrhph nsok.k?ksok.k dj.ks] lgdk;Z o vkarjjk’Vªh; o jk’Vªh; d`rhoj Hkj fnyk gksrk- lkekftd lqj{kk mik;;kstuk dj.;kl ns”kkauk izksRlkgu fnys ikfgts] yksdkauk R;kaP;k xjtk Hkkxo.;kl iqjsls mRiUUk o oS|dh; lqfo/kk vlY;k ikfgtsr vls tkghjukE;kr

EgVys gksrs- 1952 e/;s vkarjjk’Vªh; dkexkj la?kVusus lkekftd lqj{kk fdeku ekuds tkghukek eatwj dsyk- R;kr lkekftd lqj{ksr dqby;k vkiRdkyhu leL;kapk lekos’k vlkok ;kpk fopkj dsyk xsyk- gk tkghjukek Eg.kts vkarjjk’Vªh; dkexkj la?kVusP;k lkekftd lqj{kspk izeq[k vk/kkjLraHk vkgs- ,drj rks vkarjjk’Vªh; tkghukek vkgs o nqljs Eg.kts ewyHkwr lkekftd lqj{kk rRokaP;k vk/kkjs r;kj dsysys rs txkus ekU; dsysys lkekftd lqj{kk fud’k vkgsr- vuqHkokurwu ts f”kdrk;srs R;kuqlkj lkekftd lqj{kk ;a=.kk ;k yksdkauk lkekftd vlqjf{krrk] nkfjnz] ;kiklwu okpowu ekuoh vknj o lH;rk] lkekftd ,dksik] yksd”kkghps Qk;ns izkIr d:u ns.kkjh vkgsr- vusd vkarjjk’Vªh; mn~nh’V;s o tkghjuke;kr ;k rRokpk okij dsyk vkgs= lg=d fodkl mn~nh”Vkrgh R;kapk lekos”k dsyk vkgs- vk/khP;k dkgh midzekuarj lkekftd lqj{kk mik;kaph vaeyctko.kh deh o e/;e mRiUu xVkP;k ns’kkr deh gksrh- R;kvk/kkh dkgh fuoMd ns”kkr R;kaph izxrh gh tkLr gksrh- vkarjjk’Vªh; dkexkj la?kVusus 2014 e/;s fnysY;k ekfgrhuqlkj txkr 27 VDds yksdkauk lkekftd lqj{ksps ykHk vkgsr- lkeftd lqj{kk mfn~n’Vkapk fopkj djrk R;kr dkgh vkOgkus vkgsr- R;kr “kk”Okrrk o oSf”odhdj.k ;kapk lekos’k vkgs- vusd ns’kkr fuoMd yksdkae/;sp lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstuk lq: >kY;k- R;kuarj ;k ykHkkapk foLrkj gksr xsyk- Qkj FkksM~;k ;kstuk ;k oSf”od ikrGhoj gksR;k- deh o e/;e mRiUu xVkrhy ns’kkr lkekftd lqj{kslkBh e;kZfnr rjrqnh gksR;k o ;krhy yksdla[;sps y{; xVgh ygku gksrs- ;k ;kstuk dk;nksi=h pkaxY;k okVrkr i.k R;kr vusd yksd R;kiklwu nwj jkgrkr- dks.kR;k yksdkauh ykHk ?;k;ps vkgsr R;kaph vksG[k iVo.ks gs ,d vkOgku vkgs] R;keqGs ;k ;kstukauk oSf”odrk jkgr ukgh- ykHk/kkjd yksdla[;k tkLr vlkoh ;klkBh jktdh;k p

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ok

;kstuk ;k [kklxh daiU;kadMs fadaok isU”ku fu/khr izhfe;e Hk:u jkcoY;k tkrkr- fQuh’k lsaVj QkWj isUlUl gh laLFkk R;kps fu;a=.k djrs- ;kr lkekftd foek] dY;k.k ;kstuk ;kapk lekos’k vlrks- fQuyaMph vkjksX; iz.kkyh gh loZd”k vkgs o rh lkekftd lqj{kspk Hkkx vkgs- lkekftd lqj{kspk Hkkx vkgs- lkekftd lqj{kk iq

lkekftd lqj{kk ;sktukaph vaeyctko.kh xsY;k dkgh n”kdkr lq: >kyh] R;krwu vusd ns’kkaP;k vuqHkokrwu dkgh xks’Vh f”kdrk ;s.;klkj[;k vkgsr= lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstuk gk Hkkjrh; ?kVukRed rjrqnhapk Hkkx vkgs o R;kyk ns”kkrhy ljdkjkauh osGksosGh vxzdze fnyk vkgs] i.k rjh ;k ;kstuk uqlkj e;kZfnr yksdkai;Zar iksgkspY;k vkgsr- ;krk tkxfrd ikrGhojps vuqHko Hkkjrkyk ;k ;kstukaph lkekf;dhdj.k o “kk”orrk ;kr mi;ksxh vkgs- lkekftd {ks=kr xqaro.kwd] fofo/k laLFkkaps ,dkRehdj.k o ;kstuk] yksdkaph izhfe;ee/khy xqaro.kqdhph ckaf/kydh] dsanz o jkT; ljdkjkaph bPNk’kDrh ;kyk izk/kkU; ns.ks vko”;d vkgs- lkekftd lqj{ksrsps egRo gs “kk”or fodkl mn~nh’VkaP;k n`f’Vdksukrqu egRokps vkgs- ns”kkrhy lkeqnkf;d vkjksX; laj{k.k ;kstukrgh R;kpk eksBk okVk vkgs-

lkekftd lqj{ksP;k tkxfrd vaeyctko.kh vuqHkokrqu HkkjrklkBh iq

1- Lkeqnkf;d vkjk[kM~;kpk fodkl o lgerh 2- Lok;Rr jk’Vªh; lkekftd lqj{kk la?kVusph LFkkiuk 3- Lkekftd {ks=krhy xqaro.kqdhlkBh vfHkuo vFkZlkg~; ;kstuk 4- lkoZtfud tkx`r opuc/nrk 5- lkeqnkf;d lkekftd vkjksX; laj{k.k ;kstuk 6- jkT;kaps Lousr`Ro 7- oS/kkfud o dk;ns”khj lq/kkj.kk

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 lkekftd lqj{kse/;s fuo`Rrh osru vrh”k; egRoiq.kZ vkgs- fuo`Rrh osrukeqGs [kÚ;k vFkkZus deZpkÚ;kaP;k o`/nkidkG lq[kkog tkrks o dqVwach;kauk enrhl lgk;d Bjrks- djhrk fuo`Rrhosru loZ deZpkÚ;kauk ykxq d:u R;kps

lkoZ=hdj.k d:u izR;sd dkexkj ukxjhdkyk R;kpk ykHk ns.ks vR;ko”;d vkgs- fuo`Rrhosru

1- “kklfd; deZpkÚ;kaps fuo`Rrh osrukps izdkj ,danjhr fuo`Rrhosrukps vkB izdkj vksr- fu;r o;kseku fou`Rrhosru] iw.kZlsok fuo`Rrhosru] #X.krk fuo`Rrhosru] HkjikbZ fuo`Rrhosru] t[ke fdaok btk fuo`Rrhosru] vuqdaik fuo`Rrhosru] vlk/kkj.k dqVqac fuo`Rrhosru vls gs izdkj vkgsr- fu;r o;ksekukuqlkj Eg.kts o;kph 58 o"kZ iw.kZ >kY;koj o prqFkZ Js.kh deZÚ;kaP;k ckcrhr o;kph 60 o"kZ iw.kZ >kkY;koj deZpkjh fuo``Rr gksrks- LosPNk fuo`Rrh] #X.krk vkf.k HkjikbZ gs gh fuo`Rrhps izdkj vkgsr- vdk;Z{kerseqGs ns.;kr ;s.kkjh fuo`Rrh Eg.kts vuqdaik fuo`Rrh gks;- fuo`Rrh osru ?ks.kkjk tsOgk ej.k ikorks rsOgk R;kP;k dqVwfc;kauk feGrs rs dqVqac fuo`Rrh osru- ,[kknk ljdkjh deZpkjh gjoY;kl R;kP;k dqVwafc;kuk =kl gkow u;s Eg.kwu vlk/kkj.k dqVwac fuo`Rrh fnY;k tkrs-

2- fuo`Rrh osru /kkjd-

lsokfuo`Rrh osruklkBh dehr deh 10 o"kZ dkyko/kh fg”ksckr ?ksryk tkrks- vkrk 10 o’kZ lsok >kY;kuarj “ksoVP;k osrukoj iw.kZ fuo`Rrh osru fnys tkrs- T;k deZpkÚ;kaph vgZrkdkjh lsok 10 o’kkZis{kk deh vkgs R;kauk fuo`Rrhosruk,soth lsok minku fnystkrs- lsosP;k iw.kZ dsysY;k izR;sd egkekghlkBh v/;kZ efg.;kps osru vls minkukps Lo#i vlrs-

3- fuo`Rrhosrukph ifjx.kuk

fuo`Rrh osrukph ifjx.kuk gh fuo`RrhiqohZ “ksoVP;k 10 efgU;kr ?ksrysY;k osrukP;k ljkljhoj fdaok deZpkjh T;k inko#u lsokfuo`Rr >kyk vkgs R;k inkdfjrk fuf”pr dj.;kr vkysY;k eqG osrukP;k 50% njkus ;kiSdh ts Qk;ns”khj vlsy rs fuo`Rrh osru ns; vlrs-

4- dqVqac fuo`Rrhosru dqVwac fuo`Rrhosru gs nksu izdkjs feGrs- lsosr deZpkÚ;kapk e`R;w >kkY;kl, vkf.k fou`Rrhosru /kkjdkpk e`R;w >kY;kuarj] dqVwac fuo`Rrhosru gs deZpkÚ;kaP;k iRuh fdaok irhl ns.;kr ;srs- ijarw deZpkÚ;kaph iRuh @ irh

g~;kr ulY;kl gs osru R;kP;k okjlnkjkyk ns.;kr ;srs- eqykyk 21 o’kZ o eqyhyk 24 o’kZ gksbZi;Zr gs osru nsrk ;srs-mtj ,[kk|k deZpkÚ;kps viRl 100% focykax vlY;kl R;kyk dqVwac fuo`Rrhosru rg~;kr feGw “kdrs-

5- lsosr vlrkauk deZpkÚ;kpk e`R;w >kY;kl ns; dqVqac fuo`Rrhosrukckcrph ekfgrh

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 tj ,d o’kZ lyx lsok >kY;kuarj lsosr vlrkauk deZpkÚ;kpk e`R;w >kY;kl R;kP;k dqVwafc;kauk dqVwac fuo`Rrh osru ns; gksrs- ,d o’kZ lyx lsok gks.;kiwohZ e`R;w >kyk vlsy o v’kk deZpkÚ;kaph lsosr useuwd gks.;kiwohZ os|fd; rikl.kh >kyh vlsy rj R;kaP;k dqVwafc;kauk dqVwac fuo`Rrh osru ns.;kr ;srs-

6- lsosr vlrkauk deZpkÚ;kpk e`R;w >kY;kl dqVwac fuo`RRhosrukph ifjx.kuk- lsor vlrkuk deZpkÚ;kpk e`R;w >kY;kl

Lskok dkyko/kh dqVwac fuo`Rrhosru nj@ izek.k feG.;kpk dkyko/kh

Rkg~;kr fdaok ik= vls 7 o’kkZis{kk deh eqG nj = ¼ vafre osru + xzsM is½x 30% i;Zr 1½ 1-01-2006 uarj deZpkÚ;kl e`R;w vkyk vlsy rj e`R;wP;k n`lÚ;k fnolkiklwu 10 o’kkZi;Zr eqG njkP;k nwIiV fdaok vafre osrukP;k 50% ;kr t deh vlsy rh jDde o R;kuarj eqG njkus eqG njkus = ¼vafre osru + xzsM is x 30%½ g~;kr fdaok ik= vlsy rksi;Zr 7 o’kkZis{kk tkLr 2½ 01-01-2006 iwohZ tj e`R;w vkyk vlsy rj deZpkÚ;kP;k o;kP;k 65 o’kkZi;Zr fdaaok 7 o’kkZi;Zr ts vxksnj vlsy rks I;Zr eqG njkP;k nqIiV fdaok vafre osrukp 50% ;krth deh vlsy njkus eqG njkus ¼vafre osru + xzsM is x 30%½ g;kr fdaok ik= vlsy rksi;Zr-

7- fuo`Rrhosru /kkjdkpk e`R;w >kY;kl dqVwac fuo`Rrhosrukph ifjx.kuk

e`R;w osGps o; dqVwac fuo`Rrhosru nj feG.;kpk dkyko/kh Rkg~;kr fdaok ik= vls i;Zr 65 o’kkZuarj e`R;w eqG njkus ¼vafre osru + xzsM is½x 30% 65 o’kkZP;k vkr eqG njkP;k nqIiV fdaok Ek`R;wuarj 7 o’kZ fdaok fuo`Rrhosru vadreosrukP;k 50% fadaok rks ?ksr /kkjdkaP;k o;kph 65 o’kZ iw.kZ >kyh vlysys fuo`Rrhosru ;kiSdh deh vlsy v”kh rkjh[k ;krhy vxksnjph vlsy rh jDde vlsy R;k rkj[ksi;Zr o R;kuarj eqG njkus rg;kr fdaok ik= vlsi;Zr-

8- “kkldh; deZÚ;kauk fuo`RrhP;k osGsl fuo`Rrh osruk O;frfjDr ehG.kkjs ykHk

ngk o’kZ lsosuarj fuo`Rr gks.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kauk fuo`Rrh osrukf”kk; lsok minkugh feGrs- R;kaph x.kuk 1@4 xqf.kys ¼osru vf/kd xzsM is½ vf/kd lsospk lgkekgh dkyko/kh fdaok osru vf/kd xzsM is vf/kd 16-5 fdaok :- 7]00]000@& ;kiSdh th deh jDde vlsy rh feGsy-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 9- “kkldh; deZÚ;kapk lsosr vlrkauk e`R;q >kY;kl R;kaP;k dqVwafc;kauk feg.kkÚ;k lsok minku % “kkldh; deZpkÚ;kpk lsosr vlrkauk e`R;q >kY;kl R;kP;k dqVwafc;kauk gh lsok minku feGrs- e`R;w minkukph ifjx.kuk

v-dz vgZrkdkjh lsospk dkyko/kh e`R;` minkukpk nj 1 ,d o’kkZis{kk deh osru] xzsM is 2 2 ,d o’kZ fdaok tkLr ijarq ikp o’kkZis{kk osru] xzsM is 6 deh 3 Ikkp o’kZ fdaok R;kgqu tkLr osru] xzsM is 12 4 ohl o’kZ fdaok R;kgqu tkLr 1@2 osru] xzsM is] lgkekgh dkyko/kh ¼osru] xzsM is] vgrkZdkjh lsok½ fdaok osru] xzsM is] 33 fdaok lkr yk[k ;kiSdh th deh ,dq.k vls rh jDde

11- lsok fuo`Rr gks.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kauh fuo`Rrhosru osGsr feG.;klkBh ?;ko;kph dkGth % deZpkÚ;kaus lsok fuo`Rrh gks.;kP;k nksu o’kZ vxksnj fuo`RRkh osru izdj.k lq: djk;yk ikfgts- osru iMrkG.kh vko”;d vlrs- R;kuarj dk;kZy;krQsZ ,d lsok fuo`Rrh vkns”k dkkysY;k fno’kh osru fouk foyac feGrs- lanHkZ xzaFk lwph % 1- panzdkar ygkfj;k ¼fo”ks’k ys[k½ lkekftd lqj{ksrhy vkarjjk’Vªh; fjrh o Hkkjrk] ;kstuk tqyS] 2017 2- t;Jh JhokLro fuo`Rrhuarjps vkfFkZd fu;kstu vk/khp lq: djkos & fodkl nslkbZ https://www.mahanews.gov,in/home/Front MantralayDetails.aspx?str=2vr+qgshlxE+ eaxGokjh 3 tkusokjh 2017 3- lqehr dqGd.khZ ¼fo”ks’k ys[k½ T;s’B ukxjhdkalkBh lkekftd lqj{kk & vkOgkus vkf.k fpark] ;kstuk tqyS] 2017 4- https://m.dailyhunt.in/news/india/marathi/hwmarathi+in-epaper- hwmar/navya+penshan+yojanemule+sarakari+karmacharyanchi+kutumbe+varyavar-newsid-98254432

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 orZeku va”knk;h isU”ku ;kstuk o deZpkjh izk -MkW- vkLrhd Vh- eqaxeksMs vFkZ”kkL= foHkkx izeq[k Jh Kkus”k egkfo|ky;] uojxko ft- panziwj] ¼egkjk’Vª½

lkjka”k % Hkkjrkojhy dtkZps izek.kr ok<] O;ktkpk ok

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 124

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 izLrkouk %

Hkkjrkrhy vjktd ifjLFkhrh fuekZ.k >kyh vlrkauk R;koj ekr dj.;klkBh fttkÅ egklkgsckuh f”kojk;kiqkys- f”kock ?kMys- o;kP;k lrjkO;k o’khZ f”kock egkjkt >kys- gs dsoG ryokjhP;k cGkoj uOgs] rj fo”oklw o drZO;fu’B lkekU; ekulkP;k lkeF;kZoj gks;- f”kojk; gs Lor% vki.k jkts ukgh rj j;rsps] tursps izfrfu/kh vkgksr gh Hkkouk tksikl.kkjs vkf.k R;k mnkj gsrwus thou O;Fkhr dj.kkjs txfo[;kr usrk Bjys- vkt egkjktkauk 350 is{kk vf/kd o’kZ yksVyh ijarw vtwugh R;kaP;kfo’k;h vlysyh tuekulkrhy J/nk frGHkjgh deh >kyh ukgh- egkjktkaP;k dkGkr lrr eq?ky vkf.k fofo/k ijfd; lRrk lkscr ;q/n djkos ykxr vls- R;k ;q/nkr “ksdMks ejkBs lSfudkauk ohj ej.k izkIr gksr- dqVwackrhy drkZ iq:’kkps e`R;w >kY;kus R;kP;k dqVwackrhy vkbZ] ofMy] iRuh] eqys ;koj miklekjhph osG ;srks- ;kph tk.kho o nqjn`’Vh vkeP;k jkT;kyk gksrh Eg.kwup R;kauh vkiY;k jkT;krhy lSfudkalkBh isU”ku ;kstuk jkcfoyh- “ksrdÚ;klkBh lq/nk fofo/k ;kstuk r;kj dsY;kr] Hkz’Vkpkj;qDr okrkoj.k fuekZ.k dsys- ;keqGsp vkeP;k jkT;kyk ^tk.krk jktk* Eg.kwu vksG[kys tkrs- iz”kklfd; oXkkZps egRo o ;ksxnku %

txkr fofo/k ns”kkr fofo/k “kklu i/nrh vfLrRokr vkgsr- ijarq Hkkjrkus yksd”kkgh “kklu i/nrh fLodkjyh- yksd”kkgh Eg.kts yksdkauh yksdkalkBh yksdkadMwu pkyfoysys jkT; gks;]- yksd”kkgh “kklu O;oLFkrsps egRre tudY;k.k lk/kus gs egRoiw.kZ mn~nh’V vlrs- ljdkj turslkBh vusd ;kstuk r;kj djrks- R;k ;kstuk tursi;Zar iksgpfo.ks] ;kstukapk ys[ktks[kk r;kj dj.ks] veayctko.kh dj.ks] ns”kkr LFkk;h O;oLFkk pkyfo.ks vls egRoiw.kZ dk;Z dj.;klkBh lafo/kkfud fuRkhus iz”kklfd; lsokaph o iz”kklfd; oxkZph fufeZrh dj.;kr vkyh- iz”kklukeqGsp ns”kkr “kkarrk o lqO;oLFkk fVdwu vkgs- Hkkjrkr vkjksX;] f”k{k.k] eglwy] lqj{kk] d`’kh vls osxosxGs foHkkx dk;Zjr vkgsr- R;k foHkkxkr yk[kks deZpkjh vkiyh lsok nsrkr- R;keqGs iz”kklu gs ljdkj o turk ;krhy nqok gks; vls EgVys tkrs- deZpkjh o R;kps thoupdz %

tkxfrdhdj.kkuarjP;k dkGkr Hkkjrkr jktfd; {ks=klh fuxfMr dks.kR;kgh ik=rsr cny >kys ukgh- i.k

Hkkjrkph izxrh Ogkoh] fodkl Ogkos] mUurh Ogkoh] f”kLr ykxkoh] ntsZnkj Hkkjr fuekZ.k Ogkos ;klkBh dsoG deZpkjh oxkZusp lkjs cny fLodkjkos v”kh vis{kk dsyh tkr vkgs- Hkkjrkr iz”kklfd; Lrj loZ {ks=kr mapkoysyk vkgs- R;kvuqlaxkus ;qodkauk r;kj Ogkos ykxrs- ;klkBh izR;sd ;qodkyk mPPk f”k{k.k ?ks.ks] lax.kd Kku izkIRk dj.ks] izf”k{k.k ?ks.ks vkf.k vusd fnol ukSdjhph okV c?k.ks vls la?k’kZe; thou txkos ykxr vkgs- Li/kkZ ifj{ksph r;kjh dj.;kl vfuf”pr dkGko/kh r:.kkaps ?kkyoys tkrkr- o;kP;k rhlhuarjp R;kauk ukSdjh izkIr gksrks- v”kk Hk;kog fLFkrhr dsoG ns”kkoj vkfFkZd Hkkj iMrks gh lcc iq

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 Lor%yk lsod eku.kkjk ikp o’kkZr R;kP;k ikp fi<;kauk iqjsy ,o

eksfXn;kuh ;k vFkZ”kkL=Kkauh ekuokP;k thouk”kh lcaf/kr ^thoupdz* fl/nkar ekaMyk- eksfXn;kuhP;k ers] ekuoh thoukr lq:okrhP;k fLFkrhr mRiUu deh o [kpZ vf/kd vlrs- fof”k’V dkyko/khr R;kP;k xjtk vf/kd vlrkr- tls yXu] eqykapk lkaHkkG] ?kjnkj] lq[k lks;hP;k oLrw b- fof”k’V dkyko/khuarj mRiUu tkLr o xjtk deh gksrkr- R;kewGs [kpZ deh gksrks- ijarw ekuokP;k mrkj o;kr mRiUu deh gksrs ek= miHkksx [kPkZ tkLr gksr vlrs dkj.k ekuokyk mrkj o;kr fofo/k O;f/kauh xzklys vlrs vkf.k fof”k’V pkdksjh c/n miHkksx ?ks.;kph lo; ekuokyk >kysyh vlrs- R;k ntsZps thou txus gk R;kpk vfHkUu vax gksr vlrks- vls thoupdz lq: vlrs- tqU;k isU”ku ;kstusrwu deZpkÚ;kauk lsosr dk;Zjr vlysY;k thoukpk vkuan ?ksrk ;s.ks “kD; gksrs] ijarw va”knk;h ;kstusr gs “kD; gksr ukgh- gh fonkjd o “kksf’kr fLFkrh deZpkÚ;kaoj vks

1- isU”ku izkIRk dj.ks gk deZpkÚ;kapk lafo/kkfud vf/kdkj vkgs- 2- va'knk;h isU”ku ;kstusr 10 VDds jk”kh deZpkjh o 10 VDds jk”kh tjh ljdkjus fnys vls x`fgr ?ksrys vlrk lsosrY;k ifgY;k efgU;krhy jk”kh lsok vnkts 30 o’kZ iw.kZ >kY;kuarjP;k efgU;kr izkIr >kyh rj R;kosGh R;k jk”khr Qkjp vYi ewnzk ewY; jkghy- tquh isU”ku ;kstuk ;k rqyusr ;ksX; okVrs dkj.k rh deZpkÚ;kP;k “ksoVP;k efgU;ko:u fu/kkZfjr gksrs- 3- va'knk;h isU”ku ;kstusr vusd lafnX/krk dk;e vkgsr- vtwugh vusd foHkkxkrhy dEkZpkÚ;kaps va'knk;h isU”ku [kkrs viMsV ukghr- dikr jk”khaps fg”ksc ukgh] tckcnkj foHkkXk ukghr- 4- va'knk;h isU”ku ;kstusr lsos njE;ku deZpkÚ;kaP;k e`R;wuarj dk;\ dks.krh rjrqn dj.;kr vkyh ;kps mRrj lkiMr ukgh- 5- deZpkjh gk Lor% lk{kj vlrkauk R;kaP;k xqaro.kwdhpk fu.kZ; ek= vU; oxkZus ?;kos gs ;ksX; ukgh- 6- va'knk;h isU”ku ;kstusrhy jk”kh ljdkj fofo/k daiU;ke/;s xqaro.kwd dj.kkj vkgs- ijarq vkt uQ;kr vlysyh daiuh m|kgh uQk izkIr djsyp ;kph geh ukgh- jk”kh ns.;kP;k osGh fot; ekY;klkj[ks vuqHko vkY;kl dEkZPkkÚ;kuh dk; djkos-

7- deZpkjh lrr dke djrks ;kf”kok; vkiY;k mRiUukrwu fu;feri.ks ljdkjyk vk;djkP;k Lo:ikr djkpk Hkj.kk izkekf.kdi.ks djrks- Eg.ktsp vkiys ru] eu vkf.k /ku lq/nk jk’Vªkyk viZ.k djrks- ;koXkkZps fgr tksiklus gh ljdkjph tckcnkjh Bjrs

8- dEkZpkjh lsosr nh?kZdkG dke djrks- ns”kkrhy fo/kk;d vYi lsok nsrkr ek= tquhp isU”ku ?ksrkr R;kewGs R;kauk deZpkÚ;kaph isU”ku can dj.;kpk uSfrd vf/kdkj ukgh- 9- tj va”knk;h isU”ku ykHknk;d vlsy rj fo/ks;dkauh Lor%lkBh dk ykxw dsyh ukgh\ ;k o:u va'knk;h isU”ku ;kstusps [kjs Lo:i dGwu ;srs-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 10- va'knk;h isU”ku ;kstusewGs deZpkjh o R;kaP;k dqVwackps thoueku

1- va”knk;h isU”ku ;kstuk] “kklu fu.kZ; 2- nSfud o`Rri=s 3- e`r deZpkjh dqVwckph izR;{k eqyk[kr] izkFkfed ekfgrh 4- tquh isU”ku la?kVuk] panziwj] eqyk[kr] izkFkfed ekfgrh

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 fuo`Rrh osru ;kstuk vkf.k lkekftd lqjf{krrk ,d fparu

izk-MkW- fHkejko iz- mckGs lar Hkxoku ckck dyk egkfo|ky; flan[ksM jktk] ft-cqyMk.kk

ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kalkBh vlysyh fuo`Rrh osru ;kstuk “kklukus 01@01@2004 iklqu can dsyh- vkf.k fuo`Rrh deZpkÚ;kapk t.kq tx.;kpk vf/kdkjp dk

?ksrkr- R;kaP;k i”Pkkr R;kaP;k dqVaqckph th okrkgr gksrs- T;k lnL;kauk R;kauk lkeksjs tkos ykxrs- R;k leL;k ,dw.k fdaok lkaxqu let.kkj ukgh- ^^tkos R;kaP;k oa”kk rsOgk daGs** ;k mDrhizek.ks izR;s{k Lor%oj izlax vkY;kf”kok; R;kaps xkafHk;Z dGr ukgh- fuo`Rr osru can d:u “kklukus deZpkÚ;koj Qkj eksBk vU;k; dsyk vkgs- Hkkjr ljdkus ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kalkBh lq: dsysyh ^^fuo`Rrh osru ;kstuk** gh deZpkÚ;klkBh Egkrkji.kpk vk/kkj gksrh- rhp R;kaph Egkrkji.kkph dkBh gksrh- dh] ftP;k vk/kkjkoj moZjhr vk;q’; rs vkuankr o lek/kkukr tx.kkj gksrs- o;kP;k 58 rs 60 o’kkZai;Zar vkikiY;k [kkR;kr izkekf.kdi.ks lsok fnY;k uarj tsOgk rks deZpkjh fuo`Rr gksrks] rsOgk R;kyk brj dks.krsgh dke dj.ks ter ukgh- vusdkaps “kjhj dke dj.;kph bPNk vlrkauk nsf[ky lkFk nsr ukgh- vusd “kkjhfjd O;k/kh ;k o;kr tMysY;k vlrkr- oS|fd; [kpZ eksBîk izek.kkoj okkysyk vlrks- rs vkikiY;k lalkjkr eXu vlrkr- vusdnk eqyh lkljh rj eqy uksdjh] /kan;klkBh nqj ckgsjxkoh vlrkr- vusd dqVaqckr mRiUu deh vlY;keqGs ladqfpr ekufldrseqGs Egkrkjs@o`/n O;Drh R;kauk vks>s okVw ykxrkr- R;kaP;kdMs dGr u dGr] rj d/kh tk.khoiqoZd nqyZ{k dsY;k tkrs-

R;keqGs ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kaukp uOgs rj lektkrhy loZp o`) O;Drhauk fuo`Rrh osru ;kstuk “kklukus can d:u fuo`Rr deZpkÚ;kauk okÚ;kojp lksMys vkgs- vlsp Eg.kkos ykxsy-

Tkquh fuo`Rrh osru ;kstuk lkekftd o oS;fDrd lqjf{krrslkBh vR;ar egRokph gksrh- fudksi lkekftd ftouklkBh] uksdjh lek/kkukus dj.;klkBh vkf.k uksdjh laiY;kuarj gh ejsi;Zar vki.k vkiyh tckcnkjh] vkiY;k xjtk iq.kZ dj.;kl leFkZ vlY;kph izcG Hkkouk izR;sd deZpkÚ;kl tx.;kph fgEer nsr gksrh- vki.k laiY;k uarjgh vkiY;k iRuhl fdaok irhl fuo`Rrh osru dkgh va”kh feGrp gksrs- dqVaqckP;k LFkS;kZapk fuo`Rrh osru gk eksBk vk/kkj izR;sd dqVaqckl gksrk- gk ftoukP;k fof”k’V oG.kkojp vk/kkjp “kklukus dk

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 T;k mn~nkr gsrqus gh dY;k.kdkjh tquh fuo`Rrh osru ;kstuk lq: >kysyh gksrh- R;kr dkgh lq/kkj.kk d:u frph O;kdrk okikVîkus ok

“kkldh; ca/kus vlrkr- uOgs rks d:u “kdr ukgh- th-ih-,Q- fdaok ,y-vk;-lh- lkj[;k ikWfylhtP;k ek/;ekrwu tek >kysyk iSlk eqykaps f”k{k.k] yXu] uksdjh] vktkji.k] lkekftd l.k lekjaHk] ?kj] xkMh [kjsnh ;k dkeklkBh dsOgkp laiw.k xsysyk vlrks- myV cWadk o [kklxh lkodkjkaps dtZ vusd deZpkÚ;kaP;k MksD;koj vlrs- fuo`Rrh uarj R;kauk thou tx.;klkBh fuo`Rrh osrukph lDr xjt vlrs- fuo`Rr >kY;kuarj vpkudp R;kyk feG.kkjs osru tsOgk can gksrs- rsOgk R;k O;Drhleksj dqVaqckleksj vusd iz”u ^vk* oklqu mHks vlrkr- rsOgk R;kyk thoukP;k nkgdrsph tk.kho gks.;kl lq:okr gksrs- vkiys thou laiY;kph Hkkouk R;kyk lrkow ykxrs- vLekuh ladVkis{kk gh fuo`Rrh osru canps ladV vR;ar Hk;adj vlY;kph Hkkouk fuo`Rrh deZpkÚ;kiqkyh vkgs- fuo`Rr osru canps lektkoj vusd okbZV ifj.kke gksr vkgsr-

1- fuo`Rr deZPkkÚ;kaph lkekftd o dkSVaqfcd gsGlkaM 2- o`)kJekaP;k la[;sr ok<- 3- ljdkjh uksdjh dj.;k fo’k;h vukLFkk 4- uksdjh f”kok; brj mn;ksxkdMs y{k 5- uksdjhr ,dfu’Brsph Hkkouk jkg.kkj ukgh 6- ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kaps vk;Zweku deh gksbZy 7- fuo`Rr deZpkÚ;kr vkRegR;sps izek.k ok

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 8- fHkdkjh izo`Rrhr ok< gksbZy 9- dkSVaqfcd dygkr ok< gksbZy 10- euks:X.kkph la[;k ok

;klkj[;k vusd okbZV ifj.kkekauk fuo`Rrh osru can >kY;keqGs lektkyk o ns”kkyk lkeksjs tkos ykxsy o ns”kkr fuo`Rr deZpkÚ;kaph ,d uohu leL;k fuekZ.k gksbZy- lektfgrkP;k n`’Vhus fuo`Rrh osru izR;sd deZpkÚ;kykp uOgs rj o;kph 58 rs 60 o’kZ iw.kZ dsysY;k ns”kkrhy izR;sd O;Drhyk feG.ks gh vktph xjt cuyh vkgs- fuo`Rr osruklkBh Bjkfod fuf/k xksGk dj.;kph ;a=.kk ljdkj toG vlyh ikfgts- R;klkBh lkB o’kkZaP;k vkrhy O;Drhoj ,d Bjkfod fuo`Rrh osru djkph nsf[ky rjrqn dj.ks vko”;d vkgs- izR;sd iapokf’kZd ;kstuse/;s gh fuo`Rr osruklkBhph rjrwn vlyh ikfgts-

,danjhr fuo`Rrh osru gh lektkph ,d vko”;d xjt cuyh vkgs- lektkP;k fudksi o lokZafx.k fodklkP;k vkjk[kMîkr fuo`Rrh osrukpk eqn~nk nsf[ky vR;ar egRokpk vkgs- o`/nkaP;k tx.;kpk rks vk/kkj vkgs- dkGkph xjt vkgs-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ^^ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kalkBh isa'ku ;kstuk leL;k vkf.k fpark**

izk- nsoeu Jhd`".k macjdj lekt'kkL= foHkkx izeq[k Lo- olarjko dksYgVdj dyk egkfo|ky;] jksg.kk] rk- vkohZ] ft- o/kkZ-

ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kauk lsokfuo`Rrh uarj feG.kkjh isU'ku gh ljdkjph esgsjckuh ulwu deZpkÚ;kua dsysY;k izkekf.kd] fouk[kaM lsospk o R;kyk vk;q";kP;k mRrjk/kkZr lUekukua] LokfHkekukua tx.;klkBh feG.;kpk gDd vkgs vla vkiY;k lafo/kkukr EgVya;- loksZPp U;k;ky;kua lq/nk isU'kupa egRRo v/kksjs[khr djrkauk gs ueqn dsys vkgs-

vki.k yksd'kkgh 'kklu O;oLFkk fLodkjyh vkgs- gh O;oLFkk lqjGhr jgkoh Eg.kwu yksdkae/;s fuoMwu ;s.kkjs yksdizfrfu/kh o varxZr O;oLFkk pkykoh Eg.kwu Hkjrh dsys tk.kkjs vf/kdkjh vkf.k deZpkjh gs nksUgh ns'kkph lsokp djr vlrkr- gs vkiY;k ns'kkP;k Lokra«;kiklwu pkyr vkys vkgs- ;k nks?kkaukgh ekscnyk Eg.kwu Bjkfod ixkj fnyk tkrks- dkgh Bjkfod dkyko/khuarj fuo`Rr gks.kkÚ;k yksdizfrfu/kh vkf.k vf/kdkjh deZpkÚ;kauk mrkjo;krhy miftfodk Hkkxo.;klkBh isU'ku fnyh tkrs-

i.k vkenkj vkf.k [kklnkjkapk gk gDd vkckf/kr Bsowu deZpkÚ;kapk ek= gk gDd jkT; ljdkj fgldkowu ?ksr vkgs- dkgh va'kh rks fgldkoyk lq/nk vkgs-

^^leku dke leku osru lokZauk goh leku isU'ku** ^^,dp fe'ku tquh isU'ku** gk ukjk ?ksÅu egkjk"Vªkrhyp uOgs rj ns'kkrhy r#.kkbZ ,doVyh vkgs- vkt T;k r#.kkaP;k thokoj izxr egkjk"Vªkps vkf.k fodflr Hkkjrkps egklRrk cufo.;kps LoIu ikfgys tkr vkgs rs r#.k vkiY;k Hkfo";kckcr lk'kad o laHkzekoLFksr vkgsr- loZ txkus ukfo.;kpk /;kl ?ksryk vlrkuk uouohu 'kks/k ykxr vlrkuk r#.k fi

tquh isU'ku ;kstuk can d#u uoh va'knk;h isU'ku ;kstuk dsanz ljdkjus ykxw dsyh vkgs- jkT; vkf.k dsanzkrY;k loZ deZpkÚ;kauk rh ykxw vkgs- 1 vkWDVksacj 2003 P;k ,dk dk;Zdkj.kh vkns'kkUo;s ih,QvkjMh,yk isU'kufo"k;h loZ vf/kdkj fnys- 31 vkWDVksacj 2005 yk egkjk"Vª 'kklukus dsanzkph lDrh ulrkuk fo/kkulHkk o fo/kkuifj"kn ;k nksUgh lHkkx`gkr gk iz'u mifLFkr u djrk ppkZ u ?kMork dsoG ea=heaMGkP;k ,dk /kksj.kkRed fu.kZ;k}kjs gk fu.kZ; deZpkÚ;kaoj yknyk-

1982 P;k tqU;k isU'ku ;kstusr vl.kkjh GPF ¼loZlk/kkj.k Hkfo"; fu/kh ;kstuk½ lkj[kh ykHkkph ;kstuk th ladVdkGh dkkY;koj dqVwackyk feG.kkjs dqVqacfuo`Rrh osru o brj dks.krsgh ykHk

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 NPS e/;s ukghr- ljdkj Eg.kr vkeP;kdMs isU'ku ns.;klkBh iSls ukghr- fuo`Rrh osrukiksVh ljdkjh frtksjhaoj izpaM Hkkj iMrks-

egRokpa Eg.kts 2008 yk Hkfo";fuokZg fu/khph jDde izpaM Eg.kts yk[k dksVh gksrh- ljdkjua [kktxh O;oLFkkidkauk R;kiSdh dkgh fgLlk 'ksvjcktkjkr xqaro.;kph ijokuxh fnyk vkgs- vla d#u ljdkj R;kaph tckcnkjh >Vdw ikgr vkgs-

eqGkr NPS gh isU'ku Ldhe ukgh rj gh ,d xqaro.kwd ;kstuk vkgs- deZpkjh fuo`Rrhuarj 40 VDds jDde 'ksvj cktkjkr xqarowu R;koj isU'ku ns.kkj! [kjarj isU'kup gs m?kMi.ks [kktxhdj.k vkgs- xqaroysys iSls ljdkj lV~Vscktkjkoj yko.kkj vkgs- tj&rj ;k 'ksvj ekdsZVP;k vfuf'pr rRokoj gh ;kstuk vkgs- R;keqGs fuo`Rrhuarj deZpkÚ;kaP;k vk;q";k'kh ljdkj [ksG dj.kkj vkgs- Eg.kwup vkeP;k lqjf{kr Hkfo";klkBh vkEgh tqU;k isU'ku ;kstuslkBh vkxzgh vkgksr- fuf'pr va'knku isa'ku ;kstuk ¼uW'kuy isU'ku flLVe½

BGd oSf'k"V;s

• uW'kuy isU'ku flLVe ifjHkkf"kr va'knku vk/kkjkoj dk;Z djrs vkf.k ;kr nksu Lrj vlrhy & fV;j & 1 vkf.k 2 1@1@2004 jksth fdaok uarj ¼1 9 & 24 uarj l'kL= lsuk oxGrk½ loZ ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kalkBh fV;j&1 e/khy ;ksxnku vfuok;Z vkgs- rj fV;j&2 oSdfYid vlsy vkf.k ljdkjh lsodkaP;k foosdcq/nhuqlkj vlsy-

• fV;j&1 e/;s] ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kyk R;kP;k ewG osru o Mh,P;k 10 VDds ;ksxnku ns.ks vko';d vkgs- ts lacaf/kr ih,vksus izR;sd efgU;kr R;kP;k osru ixkjkrwu otk dsys tkbZy- ljdkj cjkscjhus leku ;ksxnku nsbZy rFkkfi ljdkjh deZpkjh ulysY;k O;Drhfo"k;h ljdkjdMwu dks.krsgh ;ksxnku fnys tk.kkj ukgh-

• fV;j&vk; ;ksxnku ¼vkf.k xqar.kwd ijrkok½ e;kZfnr vkaf'kd iSls dk<.;kph isa'ku Vk;j&1 [kkrs Bsoyh tkbZy- fV;j&2 ps ;ksxnku ,dk osxG;k [kkR;kr Bsoys tkbZy- ts ljdkjh lsodkaP;k i;kZ;koj ekxs ?ksrys tkbZy- fV;j&2 [kkR;kr ljdkj dkgh ;ksxnku ns.kkj ukgh-

• dsanz ljdkjP;k lsosrhy uohu HkrhZlkBh Eg.ktsp 1&1&2004 jksth fdaok R;kuarj ljdkjh lsokae/;s lkehy gks.kkÚ;k ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kauk ifjHkkf"kr ykHk isa'ku vkf.k thih,Qph fo|eku rjrwn miyC/k gks.kkj ukgh- rFkkfi] lhlh,l ¼fuo`Rrh½ fu;e] 1@9@72 P;k varxZr ykxw vlysY;k vVh o 'krhZuqlkj ,uih,l varxZr lajf{kr dsanzh; ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kauk lsokfuo`Rrh xzWP;qbVh vkf.k MsFk xzWP;qbVh ok

• ;kstusph vaeyctko.kh dj.;klkBh dsanzh; deZpkÚ;kalkBh rhu Js.khps ;kstuk vkWQj dj.;klkBh lsaVªy jsdkWMZ fdfdax ,tUlh ¼lhvkj,½ vkf.k vusd isa'ku QaM O;oLFkkid ¼ih,Q,e½ vlrhy- mnk- ,-ch- vkf.k lh- xq.kksRrjkuqlkj fuf'pr mRiUukrhy lk/kus vkf.k bfDoVhe/;s xqaro.kwd Hkkx ?ks.kkÚ;k laLFkk ¼ih,Q,e

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 vkf.k lhvkj,½ ekxhy dkefxjhcíy lgt ekfgrh feGow 'kdrkr- ts.ksd#u R;k O;Drhl dks.kR;k ;kstusph fuoM djkoh ;kfo"k;h lwfpr fuoMh dj.;kr l{ke gksrhy-

• ,d Lora= isU'ku QaM fu;ked vkf.k fodkl izkf/kdj.k ¼ih,QvkjMh,½ ,uih,lps fu;eu vkf.k fodkl djsy-

• ljdkjh deZpkjh ;kstusP;k fV;j&1 iklwu 60 o"kkZojhy fdaok R;kuarj ckgsj iMw 'kdrks- ckgsj iMY;koj R;kaP;klkBh 40 VDds isU'ku laiRrh xqaro.kwd dj.ks vfuok;Z vkgs- ¼vk;vkjMh,&fu;eu dsysY;k ykbQ bU'kqjUl daiuhdMwu½ ts deZpkjh vkf.k R;kaps vkJhr ikyd@irh@iRuh ;kaps thouHkj o"kkZlkBh o"kkZo iqjfors- moZfjr fuo`Rrhosru laiRrhpk R;kyk ,dw.k ;ksx izkIr gksbZy- tks rks dks.kR;kgh izdkjs okij.;klkBh eqDr vlsy- 60 o"kkZP;k vk/khph ;kstuk lksM.;kÚ;k ljdkjh lsodkaP;k ckcrhr] vfuok;Z ,WU;qb>s'ku isU'ku laiRrhps 80 VDds vlsy-

• vkfFkZdn`"V;k ,uih,l varxZr lekfo"V vlysY;k dsanz ljdkjP;k deZpkÚ;kauk R;kaP;k tqU;k isU'ku ;kstusvarxZr fdaok vifjiDorkP;k lsose/kwu e`R;q fdaok fMlpktZ >kY;kl ykHk fuoM.;kps i;kZ; vkgs-

vf/kd Qk;ns'khj vkgs & uohu isa'ku ;kstuk ¼jk"Vªh; fuo`Rrh osru ;kstuk½ vkf.k dsanz ljdkjP;k isa'kuph rqyuk

• tqU;k isU'ku ;kstusizek.k] ,uih,l( xqaro.kwdhoj fdaok fdeku isa'kulkBh fuf'pr ijrkO;klkBh depkÚ;kl dks.krhgh geh nsr ukgh-

• dkSVqafcd isU'ku fdaok lkekftd lqj{kk iznku djr ukgh]

• xaHkhj xjt vlrkauk dtZ lqfo/kk iznku djr ukgh]

• Mh-,- e/;s okf"kZd ok< vkf.k ok< ok

• deZpkÚ;kauk R;kaP;k oS|dh; vkiRdkyhu fLFkr iw.kZ dj.;klkBh R;kaP;k fuo`Rrhosru fu/khe/kwu iqjsls iSls dk<.;kph ijokuxh nsr ukgh]

• vfLFkj cktkjisBsP;k o cktkjisBsr NGo.kwd dj.kkjs cGtcjh dj.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kauk n;k feGrs]

• isU'ku QaMe/kwu iSls dk<.;koj dBksj izfrca/k ykxw djrkr]

• foek daiU;k fuo`Rrhuarjgh dehrdeh ngk o"kkZlkBh o"kkZlkBh iSls defo.;kP;k iz;Rukr deZpkÚ;kauk 'kks"k.k dj.;kl ijokuxh nsrkr vkf.k lafo/kkukr uewn dsY;kizek.ks dY;k.kdkjh jkT;kP;k HkkoukaP;k fo#/n pkyrs-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 • lafo/kkukr uewn dsY;kizek.ks dY;k.kdkjh jkT;kP;k HkkoukaP;k fo#/n pkyrs-

• jk"Vªh; yksd'kkgh vk?kkMhps tursps dY;k.kdkjh o dY;k.kdkjh dsanz ljdkj ,uih,lph tkxk i'pkr tqU;k isU'ku ;kstusP;k tkxh cnywu vkiY;k deZpkÚ;kaP;k vf/kdkj vkf.k [kktxh vf/kdkjkaph iqufoZdkl dj.;kl leFkZ vkgs-

• Hkkjr ljdkjyk rRdkG izHkkokus ,uih,lyk LØWi dj.;kl m|qDr dj.ks vkf.k tqU;k isUlhuks ;kstusP;k varxZr fnYyhP;k ,ulhVh ljdkjP;k varxZr dk;Zjr vlsY;k loZ ljdkjh lsodkauk ,dnk vk.k.ks vkf.k tqU;k isU'ku ;kstusP;k loZ Qk;|kauk R;kaps iqulapf;r dj.;kl m|qDr dj.ks vko';d vkgs- fu"i{k vkf.k fo/kk;h isU'ku ykHk Hkkjrh; dkWZULVhV;q'kuy QaMkP;k ek/;ekrwu forjhr dsys tkrkr] ts.ksd#u fnYyhP;k ,ulhVh ljdkjps lefiZr dk;Zcy vkf.k R;kaps dqVqac lqj{kk vkf.k izfr"BsP;k Hkkousus vkiys thou txw 'kdrhy vkf.k iq

,uih,l & ,d fogaxkoyksdu dsanzh; da=kVnkj is'ku flLVe ¼,eih,l½ P;k lanHkkZr vyhdMsp dsanzh; ljdkjh deZpkjh o dkexkj lfpo e- d`".ku ;kauh ,d ys[k fyfgys-

isa'ku iz.kkyh ,d 'krd fdaok R;kgwu vf/kd dkGklkBh Hkkjrkr izpfyr gksrh vkf.k fczVh'k ljdkjus iwoZ Lokra«;iwoZ dkGkr ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kaP;k isa'ku fu;ekaph lq#okr dsyh vkf.k R;keqGs rs oS/kkfud cufoys- 1@9@82 lkyP;k lqizhe dksVkZus ukdkjkP;k izdj.kkr R;kP;k ,sfrgkfld fu.kZ;kuqlkj ?kks"khr dsys- ^^Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukuqlkj] isa'ku/kkjdkauk lkekftd vkf.k vkfFkZd lqj{kk iznku dj.;kl ljdkj cka/khy vkgs vkf.k ljdkjh lsokfuo`Rr O;Drhauk isa'kupk eqyHkwr vf/kdkj vkgs---- fuo`Rrhosru fu;ksDrkP;k xksM bPNsuqlkj ns.kX;k fdaok d`ispk fo"k; ukgh- gh i woZ loyr ns; ukgh ijarq ekxhy lsoslkBh ns;d fnys xsys vkgs- gs lkekftd dY;k.k ekinaM vkgs ts R;kaP;k vk;q";krhy fnolkae/;s lkekftd o vkfFkZd U;k; iznku djrkr] RkaP;k fu;ksDR;kadjhrk R;kaP;k vk;q";kdMs fuyZTti.ks fu#i;ksxh dsyh tkrs dh R;kaP;k o`/nkidkGki;Zar R;kauk dqpdkeh lskMys tk.kkj ukgh-

1980 e/;s tkxfrdhdj.kkP;k /kksj.kkl lq#okr >kY;kuarj isa'ku lq/kkj.ks ns[khy ,dkp osGh lq# >kyh- vk;,e,Q vkf.k tkxfrd cWadsus isU'ku lq/kkjkaP;k xjtsoj tksj nsowu vusd vgoky vkf.k nLrk,sot izdkf'kr dj.ks izkjaHk dsys- R;kauh Hkkjrkr isU'ku lsDVje/;s dsysY;k lq/kkj.kkafo"k;h vH;kl dj.;kl lq#okr dsyh- 2001 e/;s ^Hkkjrkrhy isU'ku lq/kkj.kkaojhy vk;,e,Qps dkedkt* vkf.k tkxfrd cWad Hkkjrh; fof'k"V vgoky ^Hkkjr & o`/nkaP;k mRiUukph lqj{kk vkOgku* izdkf'kr dj.;kr vkyh- R;kaP;k dkekP;k vgokykaoj tksj ns.;kr vkyk dh ^ljdkjoj ncko

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 vk.k.;kP;k laHkkO; isU'ku tckcnkÚ;k fdaok ljdkjkauh dsysys vk'oklu vkfFkZdn`"V;k e/;e rs nh?kkZo/kh vkfFkZd fLFkjrsps ewY;kadu dj.;klkBh ok

dkWaxzsl usr`Rok[kkyhy ;wih, ljdkj 2004 e/;s lRrsoj vkyh vkf.k ,uih,lP;k dk;ns'khji.kklkBh v/;kns'k tkghj dsyk- i.k ;qih,&1 ljdkj MkO;k i{kkaps leFkZu dj.kkÚ;k dBksj nMi'kkgheqGs lalnsr isU'ku fcy ikl d# 'kdyk ukgh- uarj ;qih,&2 ljdkj lRrsoj vkyh rsOgk isa'ku jsX;qysVjh vWa.M MsOgyiesaV vWFkkWfjVh ¼ih,QvkjMh,½ fo/ks;d lalnsr chtsih] rRdkyhu fojks/kh i{kkP;k leFkZuklg ikjhr >kys- MkO;k i{kkO;frjhDr jktdh; i{kkaP;k fu;a=.kk[kkyh vlysY;k vusd jkT; ljdkjkauh 2004 uarj fofo/k rkj[kkae/kwu R;kaP;k deZpkÚ;kalkBh ;ksxnku isU'ku iz.kkyh lq# dsyh- dsjG] if'pe] caxky vkf.k f=iqjk ;kaP;k MkO;k vk?kkMhP;k ljdkjkauh uohu fuo`Rrh ;kstuk lknj dj.;kl udkj fnyk vkf.k R;kauh tqU;k ifjHkkf"kr Qk;|klg iq

uohu va'knku isa'ku ;kstusuqlkj ,uih,lP;k varxZr vlysY;k deZpkÚ;kaP;k ixkjkrwu njegk 10 VDds O;kt egkxkbZ HkRrk deh dj.;kr ;sbZy vkf.k R;kaP;k fuo`Rrhosru [kkR;kr tek gksbZy- ljdkjdMwu ¼fu;ksDrk½ ns[khy leku jDde tek djkoh ykxrs- ih,QvkjMh, vf/kfu;ekUo;s r;kj dsysY;k fuo`Rrhosru fu/khe/;s ,dw.k jDde tkbZy- isU'ku QaMe/kwu jDde 'ksvj ekdsZVe/;s tkbZy- ih,QvkjMh, dk;|kuqlkj ^xzkgdkauh [kjsnh dsysY;k cktkjkoj vk/kkfjr xWjaVh ;a=.kk oxGrk ¼'ksvj½ oxGrk ykHkkaps dks.krsgh Li"V faok Li"V vk'oklu gks.kkj ukgh* v'kk izdkjs isa'ku QaMe/;s tek dsysyh jDde 'ksvj ekdsZVe/khy mrkj&pkysY;k jDdesP;k 60 VDds jDde ijr dsyh tkbZy vkf.k ckdh jDde 40 VDds foek okf"kZd o"kkZe/;s tek dsyh tkbZy- bU'kqjUl ,WU;qbVh ;kstusrwu izkIr gks.kkjh ekfld jDde gh ekfld isa'ku vkgs Eg.kts isa'ku ljdkj}kjs ukgh rj foek daiuh}kjs fnyh tkrs vkf.k Eg.kwup ,uih,l gs isa'ku [kktxhdj.k i.k dkghgh ukgh-

v'kkizdkjs gs ikfgys tkÅ 'kdrs dh isa'ku fu/khe/;s tek >kysY;k jDdespk ok

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 vk;q";kcíy vfuf'prrk R;kaP;k MksD;koj eksBh vkgs- vxnh fLFkj 'ksvj cktkj vlyk rjhgh fuo`RrhosrukP;k ;kstusr 40 VDds jDde isU'ku Eg.kwu dkkY;kuarj fuo`Rr >kys vkgsr- R;kauk #- 1400 rs 1800 QDr foek okf"kZd o"kkZlkBh ekfld isa'ku Eg.kwu tj R;kauh 2003 e/;s lsok iqjfoyh vlsy Eg.ktsp tqU;k isU'ku ;kstusr R;kauk fdeku isU'ku Eg.kwu 900 #i;s fdeku isa'kuP;k ixkjkP;k 50 VDds ixkjkP;k fdeku isa'kuP;k Lo#ikr isa'ku fn'ksus ekfld ns; u nsrkp fnys vlsy- R;akP;k ixkjkrwu FkksMD;kr ,uih,l gs isU'ku flLVef'kok; dkghgh ukgh- ih,QvkjMh, dk;|kP;k dye 12¼5½ uqlkj deZpkjh vkf.k fuo`Rrhosru/kkjd T;kauk ,uih,l varxZr u vkysys vkgsr- rs 'kkluk}kjs jkti= vf/klwpuk}kjs vk.kys tkÅ 'kdrkr- v'kk izdkjs ,uih,l gh loZ deZpkjh vkf.k fuo`Rrhosru/kkjdkaP;k MksD;koj yVd.kkjh nkeksph ryokj vkgs-

;k isa'ku lq/kkj.kkaps ykHkkFkhZ dks.k vkgsr\ izR;sd uo&mnkjeroknh lq/kkj.kkaP;k ckcrhr] vafre ykHkkFkhZ gk dkWiksZjsV vkgsr- isU'ku QaM}kjs dkexkjkadMwu xksGk dsysyh izpaM jDde isa'ku QaM O;oLFkkidka}kjs 'ksvj ekdsZVe/;s xqaro.kwd jDde isa'ku QaM O;oLFkkidka}kjs 'ksvj ekdsZVe/;s xqaro.kwd dsyh tkrs vkf.k ;k eqnrhP;k cnY;kr cgqjk"Vªh; daiU;kauh R;kapk uQk ok

dsanz ljdkjP;k deZpkjh vkf.k dkexkjkaps la?kVu vkf.k vf[ky Hkkjrh; jkT; ljdkjh deZpkjh la?kVuk ¼,vk;,lth,Q½ us lq#okrhiklwu ,uih,lpk fojks/k dsyk vkgs vkf.k 30 vkWDVksacj 2007 jksth ,dfnolh; fganw ifj"knsps vk;kstu dsys xsys- gs loZ brj LVªkbd njE;ku gksrs ;k dkyko/khr ,uih,lP;k fojks/kkr eksghe vkf.k la?k"kZ pkywp jkfgyk vkf.k vkrk ,uih,l fo#/n eksB;k la?k"kkZlkBh O;DrheRo vkf.k míh"V ifjfLFkrh mn;kl vkyh vkgs dkj.k dsanz] jkT;] lkoZtfud {ks= vkf.k Lok;Rr laLFkkrhy ,dw.k deZpkÚ;kaP;k 50 VDds deZpkÚ;kauk vkrk ,uih,l varxZr lekfo"V dsys tkr vkgs vkf.k vf/kdkf/kd vkG'kh vkf.k mRrsftr- lkrO;k dsanzh; osru vk;ksxkps v/;{k lqizhe dksVkZps U;k;k/kh'k Jh- v'kksddqekj ekFkqj ;kauh ;ksX;fjR;k funsZ'k fnyk vkgs dh 01@01@2004 jksth fdaok R;kuarj fu;qDr dsysys toGtoG laiw.kZ ljdkjh deZpkjh uohu fuo`Rrhosru ;kstusiklwu uk[kq'k gksrs- ljdkj 7 O;k lhihlhP;k f'kQkj'khuqlkj] dsanz ljdkjus ,uih,lP;k dkedktkps fu;eu dj.;klkBh ^,uih,l dfeVh* ukokph lferh useyh- ;k dfeVhus ,uih,lP;k LØWilkBh vkf.k fdeku fuo`Rrhosru Eg.kwu dk

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 dkWUQjMjs'ku vkf.k ,vk;,lbZth,Qus ns'kHkjkrhy xgu eksfgespk fu.kZ; 15 uksOgsacj 2018 jksth ,dk fnolkP;k gdkyiV~Vhr iw.kZ dsyk vkgs dh uohu izos'kdR;kZadMs fuf'pr dj.;kr vksY;k ifjHkkf"kr fu/kh isaU'ku ;kstuk ¼uohu fuo`Rrh osru ;kstuk & ,uih,l½ oxGyh ikfgts vkf.k ljdkjus fMQkbZM csfufQV isU'ku Ldhe ¼tqU;k½ iqUgk lknj djkoh- isU'ku ;kstuk & vksih,l½ th ,d 'krd fdaok R;kgwu vf/kd dkyko/khlkBh izpfyr gksrh- vkxkeh fnolkr dsoG ,d ekx.kh Eg.ktsp LØWi ,uih,l] jsLVkWjaV vksih,l ;k lokZalkBh vfuf'prdkyhu LVªkbd vk;ksftr dj.;kP;k 'kD;rsps vkEgh vUos"k.k djhr vkgksr T;klkBh loZ fopkj/kkjk vlysY;k la?kVukalkscr foLr`r lYykelyr dsyh tkr vkgs- nksu izksxzke dls lajfpr dsys tkrkr vkf.k v'kk izksxzkee/;s iSls ns.kkÚ;k fuo`Rr dls ykHk ?ksÅ 'kdrkr R;kcíy vf/kd okpk- isU'ku 101

vk;vkj,,l vkf.k 401 ¼ds½ ;kstukaP;k izkjaHkkl isU'ku gksrs- vkiY;k ikydkauk vkf.k nknk&nkR;kauh] R;kauh cÚ;kp o"kkZiklwu R;k daiuhlkBh dk;Z dsys vlsy rj dnkfpr R;kauk isU'ku ykHk feGrhy- vktdky isU'ku vf/kdkfjdn`"V;k ifjHkkf"kr ykHk ;kstuk Eg.kwu vksG[kY;k tkrkr dkj.k lsokfuo`Rrhuarj vkiY;kyk feG.kkÚ;k jDdesph jDde vkxkÅ Bjfoyh tkbZy fdaok ifjHkkf"kr dsyh tkbZy- ¼gs ns[khy igk % lsokfuo`Rrhuarj isU'ku ;kstuk d'kh dk;Z djrs\½

lsokfuo`Rrh ;kstuk % isa'ku fo- lkekftd lqj{kk

R;kaP;k dk;ZdkGkP;k fnolkaizek.ks dks.krs thou gksrs R;kuqlkj] fuo`Rr yksd fofo/k izdkjps mRiUu feGorkr- vktP;k lokZr O;kid Kkr mRiUukrhy nksu isU'ku vkf.k lks'ky flD;qfjVhpk lekos'k vkgs] nksu osxosxG;k izdkjs QaM dsysys vkf.k lajfpr dsysys izksxzke- isU'ku lkekU;r% dk;ZLFkG fuo`Rrh ;kstuk vkgsr] T;ke/;s fu;ksDrk deZpkÚ;kP;k orhus fu/khP;k iwye/;s ;ksxnku nsrs] lkekftd lqj{kk QsMjy ljdkj}kjs gkrkGyh tkrs vkf.k deZpkjh vkf.k daiU;kadMwu ,df=r is jksy djka}kjs fu/kh feGfoyh tkrs-

[kktxh isa'ku gs deZpkÚ;kaP;k Hkfo";krhy Qk;|klkBh fu;ksDrk}kjs r;kj dsysys lsokfuo`Rrh [kkrs vkgs- dkgh dk;ns vkf.k fu;eka}kjs 'kkfld fu;ksDrk] deZpkÚ;kaP;k orhus ;ksxnku nsrkr vkf.k rs ;ksX; fnlrkr- R;kizek.ks iSls xqarorkr- ;koj fuo`Rrh] deZpkjh ekfld ns;ds izkIr- jkT; ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kaph okjaokj isU'ku iz.kkyh ns[khy vlrs- mnkgj.kkFkZ] vksgk;kse;s] jktdh; deZpkjh lkekftd lqjf{krrsP;k tkxh vksgk;ks ifCyd ,EIykW;esaV lsokfuo`Rrh iz.kkyhe/;s iSls nsrkr-

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 137

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 [kktxh isaU'ku gs deZpkÚ;kaP;k Hkfo";krhy Qk;|klkBh fu;ksDrk}kjs r;kj dsysys lsokfuo`Rrh [kkrs vkgs- dkgh dk;ns vkf.k fu;eka}kjs 'kkflr fu;ksDrk] deZpkÚ;kaP;k orhus ;ksxnku nsrkr vkf.k rs ;ksX; fnlrkr R;kizek.ks iSls xqarorkr- ;koj fuo`Rrh] deZpkjh ekfld ns;ds izkIr- jkT; ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kaph okjaokj isU'ku iz.kkyh ns[khy vlrs- mnkgj.kkFkZ] vksgk;kse/;s] jktdh; deZpkjh lkekftd lqjf{krrsP;k tkxh vksgk;ks ifCyd ,EIykW;esaV lsokfuo`Rrh iz.kkyhe/;s iSls nsrkr-

[kktxh isU'ku isvkmV vusd ?kVdkaoj voyacwu vkgs] tls dh vki.k fu;ksDrk vkf.k vkiY;k ixkijkcíy dk; dke dsys rlsp fdrh dkG dke dsys- dkgh izdj.kkae/;s vki.k ,djDdeh Hkj.kk fdaok ekfld ,WU;qbVh rikl.kh fuoMw 'kdrk- iwohZ] fu;ksDR;kauk IyWue/;s vfrfjDr isU'ku ekyeRrk jk[k.;kph vko';drk gksrh vkf.k brj [kpkZlkBh fu/kh okij.;kph xjt uOgrh- ;k dk;|kph vaeyctko.kh dj.;kr vkyh rsOgk lsokfuo`Rr O;Drhauh tsOgk vko';d rsOgk fuo`Rr O;Drhauk iSls |kos ykxrhy- xqaro.kwdhph vis{kk visf{krkais{kk deh gksrh R;k dkGkP;k eqnrhlkBh vfrfjDr isU'ku jks[k miyC/k gksrs ;kph [kk=h ns[khy dsyh-

cÚ;kp o"kkZiwohZ fu;ksDrsauh dkWaxzslyk isU'ku fu;e nq#Lr dj.;kl izksRlkfgr dsys vkf.k fuo`Rrh osru ;kstuk vkf.k yodj lsokfuo`Rrhps iSls ;klkj[;k brj deZpkÚ;kalkBhP;k Qk;|kalkBh vf/kd iSls xqarfoysY;k isU'ku ;kstusr iSls okij.;kph ijokuxh fnyh- vesfjdsrhy dkexkjkaP;k gkso daiU;k ywaMj vWaM izkWQhV ÝkWe ukLV ,Xt vkWQ vesfjdu oDlZ ;k iqLrdkr ,ysu 'YR> ;kauh lkafxrys dh ;k cnykaeqGs fdR;sd daiU;kauh isaU'kuph ekyeRrk lacaf/kr ulysY;k daiuhP;k rkC;kr gyoyh vkgs- ;kpk ifj.kke Eg.kts isU'ku jks[kkaps izek.k deh dj.ks vkf.k 'ksoVh] vaMjQaMsM isU'ku QaM- isU'ku vkf.k lkekftd lqj{kk

fuo`Rrhosru gs fuo`Rrhosru cpr okgu vkgs ts vkiY;k fu;ksDR;k'kh fuxfMr vkgs- vkiY;k dk;ZdkGkr vki.k vkf.k vkiys fu;ksDrk ,d fuo`Rrhosru ;kstusr ;ksxnku nsrkr- vki.k fuo`Rr >kY;kuarj] isU'ku IyWu vkiY;kyk ,drj ,djDdeh csfufQV fdaok ,WU;qbVh nsrs- ¼,djdeh csfufQVlg] vkiY;kyk ,dkp osGh vkiys loZ Qk;ns feGrkr vkf.k vkiY;k lsokfuo`RrhP;k osGh vkiyk [kpZ ok

iUukl o"kkZiwohZ yksd vkthou jkstxkjkoj fo'okl Bsorkr- fopkj vlk gksrh dh tj vki.k ,[kk|k eksB;k fuxe] uk&uQk laLFkk fdaok ljdkjh laLFkslkBh dke dsys rj vki.k fuo`Rr gksbZi;Zar frFksp jkghy- vkthou jkstxkjkph ladYiuk Eg.kts ,d dk;ZdrkZ R;kP;kdMs ,d fu;ksDrk vlsy ¼gs efgyk pGoGhP;k vk/kh gksrs½ vk;q";Hkj- gs fopkj oS/k vlys fdaok ulys rjhgh rs l/;k oS/k ukgh-

vk;q";krhy jkstxkjkph nardFkk vkf.k okLrfodrseqGs vusd yksd fu;ksDrk vkiY;k dkekP;k vk;q";kr vusdnk cnyrkr vkf.k isU'ku O;oLFksrwu gW'k dk

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 cÚ;kp isU'ku ;kstuk jkstxkjkP;k ykachoj vk/kkfjr Qk;ns nsrkr- tj vki.k dehr deh o"kkZis{kk deh dke djr vlky rj 5 Eg.kk] vkiY;kyk dkgh Qk;ns feG.kkj ukghr- tsOgk vki.k dehr deh dkgh Qk;ns feGfo.;klkBh iqjsls dke djrk rsOgk vkiY;kyk ^^va'kr% fufgr** vls EgVys tkrs- rsOgk vki.k iw.kZ ykHk feGfo.;klkBh iqjslk osG dke djrk rsOgk vkiY;kyk ^^iw.kZi.ks fufgr** vls EgVys tkrs-

vkiY;k dfjvjP;k osGh vki.k vusd isU'ku ;kstukae/;s fufgr gksÅ 'kdrk- R;kaP;kr fHkUu oSf'k"V;s vlw 'kdrkr- vki.k fuo`Rr >kY;kuarj vkiyh vkfFkZd ifjfLFkrh dk; vlsy ;kph Hkfo";ok.kh dj.ks dBh.k gksÅ 'kdrs- eksB;k izek.kkr cksy.ks] nksu izdkjps fuo`Rrhosru ;kstuk vkgsr- ,d e/;s ifjHkkf"kr ;ksxnku ;kstuk] vki.k vkf.k isU'ku ;kstuk vkiY;k orhus dsys tkrkr dh ;ksxnku isU'ku ;kstuk O;oLFkkid O;oLFkkfir dsY;k vkgsr- ;ksxnkukaP;k vkdkjkoj vkf.k R;kaP;k xqar.kwdhps dk;Zizn'kZu ;koj vk/kkfjr] vkiys fuo`Rrhosru vkiY;k fuo`Rr gksbZi;Zar ok

;kaP;k myV] ifjHkkf"kr ykHk ;kstuslg] vkiys Qk;ns ,dk lw=koj vk/kkfjr vlrkr ts FksV vkiY;k ;ksxnkuk'kh fuxfMr ukgh- ;k QkWE;qZyke/;s vkiyh ykachph lsok] vkiys loksZPp osru] vkiY;k 'ksoVP;k rhu o"kkZr osru fdaok brj ?kVdkapk lekos'k vlw 'kdrks- ifjHkkf"kr&ykHk ;kstusP;k varxZr Qk;ns ifjHkkf"kr&;ksxnku ;kstuse/;s mPp] fuEu fdaok leku vlw 'kdrkr-

ifjHkkf"kr ykHk ;kstuslg] isa'ku iS'kkaps O;oLFkkiu fdrh pkaxys gksrs ;koj vk/kkfjr daiuhpk Qk;nk fdaok rksVk vkgs- tj ijrkok tkLr vlsy rj IyWuph ekyeRrk Qk;ns ns.;kdjrk vko';d vlysY;k xks"Vhais{kk tkLr vlw 'kdrs vkf.k QeZ ok;QkWy feGors- myVi{kh] tj isa'ku ;kstuk pqdhph O;oLFkkfir dsyh xsyh vlsy rj Qk;ns v|ki fnys ikfgtsr- ;k ifjfLFkrhr] tj QeZ fnokG[kksj vlsy rj rs dnkfpr Qk;ns ns.;kl v{ke vlrhy- vesfjdsr] ljdkjus isa'ku csfufQV xWjaVh dkWiksZjs'ku ukokps isa'ku foek fu/kh mHkkjyk vkgs- psdph jDde vki.k T;k vk;q";kr ykHk feGow bfPNrk R;kuqlkj cnyrs rlsp vki.k fdrh o"ksZ dk;Z dsys vkf.k izksxzkee/;s ;ksxnku nsr vlrkuk vki.k dekbZ dsysyh jDde ;koj vk/kkfjr cnyrs- lkekftd lqj{kk vkiY;k mRiUukph iw.kZi.ks tkxk ?ks.;klkBh fdaok lsokfuo`Rrhuarj vkiY;k loZ vkfFkZd xjtk iw.kZ dj.;klkBh fM>kbu dsysyh ukgh- lks'ky flD;qfjVhyk is&vWt&;w&x& flLVe}kjs fu/kh fnyk tkrks- ;kpk vFkZ vlk dh vki.k dk;Z djhr vlrkuk vki.k flLVee/;s iSls |ky- vkiY;k is&LVcoj] lkekftd lqj{kk djkaP;k izos'kkl FICA Eg.kwu lwphc/n dsys vkgs- dk;Z djrkuk vki.k dsysY;k dkgh ns¸;kaiSdh fuo`Rrhps Qk;ns rlsp brj lkekftd lqj{kk izkIrdR;kZaps Qk;ns ns[khy tkrkr-

isU'ku vkf.k lks'ky flD;qfjVh njE;ku brj vusd Qjd vkgsr- lks'ky flD;ksfjVh ,d viaxRo foek izksxzke iznku djrs T;ke/;s rs v{ke >kY;kl iqjslk dszfMV vlysY;k ¼dkexkjka}kjs dke vkf.k iSls Hk#u½ dekoysys dkexkj lekfo"V djrkr- ixkj lkekU;r% viaxRokps Qk;ns nsr ukghr- tksi;Zar deZpkÚ;kauk uksdjhP;k vi?kkrke/;s v{ke dsys tkr ukgh-

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 139

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 irhiRuhauk vkaf'kd isU'ku ns; ¼lkekftd lqj{kk LikÅly csfufQV~l dk; vkgsr rs ikgw 'kdrkr½ feGw 'kdys vlys rjh] lkekftd lqj{ksP;k ckcrhr&eqykl isU'kuP;k mRiUukrwu ns[khy Qk;nk gksbZy v'kh 'kD;rk ukgh- 'ksoVh] fuo`Rrhuarj fuo`Rrhosru isU'ku nsÅ 'kdrs- gk i;kZ; lkekftd ljq{kk iz.kkyh}kjs miyC/k ukgh- rG vksG

fuo`Rrhosru vkf.k lkekftd lqj{kk nksUgh fuo`Rr dj.;klkBh mRiUu izokgkr iznku d# 'kdrkr- ijarq rs T;k izdkjs fu/kh vkf.k lajfpr vksr R;k izdkjs iw.kZi.ks nksu fHkUu vkgsr] nksUghP;k Hkfo";krhy fHkUu vkOgkus vkgsr- QsMjy lks'ky flD;ksfjVh flLVheus cÚ;kp o"kkZiklwu viax vkf.k o`/nkauk enr iqjfoyh vlsy- tjh fdrh iUukl VDds ikfgys xsys rjhgh & isU'ku&IyWu flLVe ejr vkgsr] vk;vkj,,l vkf.k 401 ¼Mhvkjvks½ lkj[;k ifjHkkf"kr ;ksxnku ;kstuka}kjs cnyys tkr vkgs- ds½ ;kstuk-

[kktxh {ks=krhy isU'ku gGw gGwgGw vizpfyr gksr vkgsr] ijarq vkt 42 n'ky{k vesfjdu yksd R;k vkPNkfnr jkgrkr- lkekftd lqj{kk gh isU'ku ukgh

cÚ;kp ofj"Bkauk lsokfuo`Rrhuarj lkekftd lqj{kk ykHk feGr vlys rjh lkekftd lqj{kk iz.kkyhyk isU'ku ekuys tkr ukgh- gs fuo`Rrhosruklkj[ks fnlw 'kdrs dkj.k lsokfuo`Rrhuarj] vki.k vkiY;k irh@iRuh fdaok vkiY;k ikydkauh vkiY;k@frP;k dkedktkP;k o"kkZae/;s flLVee/;s iSls fnys vlY;kl] vki.k vkf.k rs ekfld ykHk izkIr dj.;kl ik= vkgsr- psdph jDde vki.k T;k vk;q";kr ykHk feGow

fuo`Rrhosru gksbZi;Zar fuo`Rrhosru tks dkgh dkG ,df=r gksrks rks la;qDr izHkkokus ok

,uih,l Lrjh;&vk; [kkR;kr dsysys ;ksxnku vk;dj dk;nk] 1@9@61 P;k varxZr dj dikrhlkBh ik= vkgs- vk;dj foHkkxkP;k dye 80 lhlhMh ¼1 ch½ varxZr ,uih,l fV;j&1 e/;s dsysY;k ;ksxnkuklkBh 50000 #i;kapk vfrjhDr dj loyr dj.;kph ns[khy ijokuxh vkgs- dj vf/kfu;e] 1@9@61 flD;qys'kups o; feGo.;kvk/kh dkgh fof'k"V vVhaP;k v/khu] lnL;kauh R;kaP;k Lor%P;k 25 VDds ;ksxnku ekxs ?ksÅ 'kdrk- iq

ih,QvkjMh,us ,uih,l&vkWy flVh>u ekWMsy vkf.k dkWiksZjsV lsDVj ekWMsye/;s ^ih,QvkjMh, ¼,uih,l varxZr fuxZeu vkf.k iSls dk<.ks½ ¼f}rh; nq#Lrh½ fu;e] 2017** jksth lkehy gks.;klkBh deky o; e;kZnk 60 o"kkZiklwu 65 o"ksZ ok

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 140

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ih,QvkjMh, us ^ih,QvkjMh, ¼,uih,lP;k varxZr fuxZu o iSls dk<.ks½ ¼frljs nq#Lrh½ fu;eu] 2018** fnukad 2@2@2018 jksth ,uih,lP;k varxZr lekfo"V vlysY;k xzkgdkaP;k viaxRo vkf.k v{kersP;k ckcrhr lqyHkrsus iSls dk<.ks vkf.k iSls dk<.ks lqyHk dsys vkgs- ikjaikfjdrk vkf.k iksVsZfcfyVh ,uih,l lClØkbZclZ}kjs] loZ HkkSxksfyd LFkkukaoj vkf.kjkstxkjkP;k iksVsZfcfyVh}kjs isa'ku [kkR;kP;k vkWuykbZu izos'kk}kjs lqfuf'pr dsyh tkrs-

Hkkjrkrhy lkekftd lqj{kk vkf.k isU'ku ;kstuk & ihMh,Q e/khy ,Q, uksV~l

vktP;k dkGkrhy vkf.k o;krhy vkfFkZd tkx#drk egRokph vkgs- vkiY;kyk QDr vkf.k vkiY;k vkf.k vkiY;k dqVqackP;k vkfFkZd lqj{ksoj dk; izHkko iMrks gs ekfgr vl.ks vko';d vkgs- fdaerh ok<.kkj vkgsr dka\ vki.k tcjnLrhus tcjnLrhus dke djr vlrkukp lsokfuo`RrhlkBh cpr lq# djkoh ykxy dk\ gs ljdkj dj ok

Hkkjrkr] ,dw.k vuqekfur dk;ZcykaiSdh 90 VDds dOgjst varj vkgs- dOgjst Lisl Eg.kts T;kaps dOgjst varj vkgs- dOgjst Lisl Eg.kts T;kaps o; tqU;k o;klkBh vlysY;k dks.kR;kgh vkSipkfjd ;kstusr izos'k ukgh v'kk dkexkjkauk lanfHkZr djrs- dOgjstP;k varjkae/khy dkexkjkalkBh lsokfuo`Rrhph mRiUuk'kh lacaf/kr fo'ks"k lanHkkZr Hkkjrkrhy lkekftd lqjf{krrk lacksf/kr dj.ks gh dkGkph xjt vkgs- gk ys[k Hkkjrkrhy isU'ku ;kstuk vkf.k lkekftd lqjf{krrscíy rif'kyokj o.kZu nsrks- vki.k uarjP;k iqujko`RrhlkBh ihMh,Q Lo#ikr Hkkjr vkf.k isU'ku ;kstukae/;s lkekftd lqj{kk ns[khy MkmuyksM d# 'kdrk- lkekftd lqj{kk Eg.kts dk;\

• lkekftd lqj{kk Eg.kts dk;ZdrsZ vkf.k R;kaP;k dqVqackl dk;Z fdaok vkjksX; lacaf/kr ?kVukaP;k fojks/kkr laj{k.k ns.ks-

• Hkkjrkr lkekftd lqj{kk mipkj] iquoZlu fdaok HkjikbZ lekfo"V djrs- • tj lkekftd lqj{ksph rjrwn ulsy rj frFks ekuoh izfr"Bk vlw 'kdr ukgh- • Hkkjrkrhy lkekftd lqjf{krrsph derjrk] O;lu] xqUgsxkjh] ckyJe b- dMs oGrs-

Hkkjrkr lkekftd lqj{kk

• 1944 e/;s izk/;kid ch-ih- vkMdj ;kauh Hkkjrkrhy ifgyh lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstuk fodflr dsyh-

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 141

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 • deZpkjh jkT; foek fuxe ¼bZ,lvk;lh½ ph LFkkiuk dj.;klkBh ljdkjus ,EIykWbZt LVsV bU'kqjUl vWDV] 1948 ¼bZ,lvk; dk;nk½ dsyk-

• deZpkjh Hkfo"; fu/kh dk;nk] 1952 deZpkjh deZpkjh Hkfo"; fu/kh la?kVuk ¼bZih,Qvks½ LFkkiu dj.;klkBh vf/kfu;fer dj.;kr vkyk- odZesUl dEisUls'ku vWDV ¼1923½

• ;klkj[;k iwohZP;k dkgh ;kstukae/;s dkexkjkaP;k vkf.k dqVqafc;kauk btk >kY;kl ykHk feG.;kpk ekxZ iz'kLr >kyk-

• ekr`Ro ykHk vf/kfu;e] 1961 us izlqrh o isM ikus njE;ku 12 vkBoM;kaP;k osrukph HkjikbZ dsyh- • xzWP;qbVh ,WDV] 972 ph jDde deZpkÚ;kauk izR;sd o"kkZlkBh 15 fnol osruk nsrs T;kus 10 fdaok R;kis{kk tkLr 'kDrh vlysY;k laLFkkae/;s 5 o"ksZ fdaok R;kis{kk tkLr dkG dke dsys vkgs- deZpkjh Hkfo"; fu/kh la?kVuk ¼bZih,Qvks½

• bZih,Qvks Je vkf.k jkstxkj ea=ky;kP;k iz'kkldh; fu;a=.kk[kkyh ;srs- • gs lsaVªy cksMZ vkWQ VªLVht~ ukokps 3 i{kh; eaMG vkgs- • ;kr 3 osxosxG;k ;kstuk vkgsr- • deZpkjh Hkfo"; fu/kh ;kstuk] 1952 ¼bZih,Q½ • deZpkjh Bso Bsoysyh foek ;kstuk 1976 ¼bZMh,yvk;½ • deZpkjh isa'ku ;kstuk] 1995 ¼bZih,l½- • Hkfo"; fu/kh vkf.k isa'ku QaM bZih,QvksP;k varxZr nksu ;kstuk vkgsr- T;ke/;s deZpkjh vusd o"ksZ iqjfoysY;k lsokapk fopkj d# 'kdrkr- izkWOghMaV QaM vkf.k isU'ku QaM ;kaP;krhy rqyuk rqyuk dj.;klkBh vk/kkj Hkfo"; fuokZg fu/kh isa'ku QaM vFkZ ,d deZpkjh T;ke/;s deZpkjh vkf.k fu;ksDR;kus r;kj dsysyk fu/kh deZpkÚ;kl laLFkse/;s uksdjh vlrs T;ke/;s R;kus deZpkÚ;kl R;kosGh fu;ksDrk vkf.k deZpkjh ;ksxnku lsokfuo`Rrhps ykHk iznku dj.;klkBh nsrkr rj izkWOghMaV QaM Eg.kwu vksG[kys R;kP;k ixkjkps ;ksxnku fnys vkgs tkrkr- R;kyk fuo`Rrhosru QaM Eg.kwu vksG[kys tkrs-

;ksxnku dks.k djrs fu;ksDrk vkf.k deZpkjh nksUgh f;ksDrk vkf.k dsanz ljdkj

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 142

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 dk;nk deZpkjh Hkfo"; fu/kh ;kstuk deZpkjh isa'ku QaM ;kstuk izkIr jDde fulxZ ,dw.k jDde ,drj ,djdeh jDde fdaok fu;fer mRiUukP;k Lo#ikr lnL;kus fuoMysY;k isa'kuoj voyacwu vlrs- jDde nksUgh i{kkauh dsysys ;ksxnku vkf.k fuo`Rrhosru jDde xsY;k 12 R;kojhy O;kt efgU;kaP;k ixkjkP;k vkf.k lsosP;sk o"kkZaP;k ljkljhoj vk/kkjhr vlsy- iSls dk<.ks ,[kknh O;Drh laiw.kZ Hkfo"; fu/kh dk

Hkfo"; fu/khps Qk;ns vkf.k rksVs

• ekU;rkizkIr ljdkjh ekU;rkizkIr Hkfo"; fu/kh ;kstuk vk;djkaiklwu eqDr vkgsr- • izkWOghMasV QaM lkekU;r% ljdkjh ;kstukae/;s xqarfoysys vlrkr] T;ke/;s cWad fQDLM fMikWftV~l vkf.k E;qP;qvy QaMlkj[;k brj i;kZ;kaP;k rqyusr deh O;kt nj ¼&8 VDds½ vlrkr-

• pyuok

Hkkjr ljdkjus 10 isU'ku QaM fodkl fu;ked vkf.k fodkl izkf/kdkj.kkus ¼ih,QvkjMh,½ LFkkiu O;k vkWDVksacj] 2003 jksth R;kph mís'k fodflr vkf.k ns'kkrhy isU'ku {ks=krhy fu;eu dj.;klkBh vkgs- 1 tkus- 2004 jksth ykWUp uW'kuy isa'ku flLVe ¼,uih,l½ loZ ukxfjdkauk fuo`Rrhph feGdr nsrs- ukxfjdkauk fuo`RrhlkBh cpr dj.;kph lo; fodflr dj.;kl izksRlkfgr dj.;kph vk'kk vkgs-

lq#okrhyk] uohu ljdkjh HkrhZ ¼l'kL= ny oxGrk½ lkBh ,uih,l ykxw dj.;kr vkyk- 1 vlY;kus ;"Vhphr es 2009] ,uih,l loZ vla?kfVr {ks=krhy dkexkj ;klg ns'kkrhy ukxfjdkaP;k iznku dsyh vkgs- ukxfjd vkrk LoSfPNsd vk/kkjkoj ,uih,le/;s uksan.hk dj.;kl bPNqd vkgsr- vla?kfVr {ks=krhy yksdkauk lsokfuo`RrhlkBh LoSfPNdi.ks cpr dj.;klkBh izksRlkfgr dj.;klkBh dsanz ljdkjus ^^Lokoyacu ;kstuk** ns[khy lq# dsyh-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ,uih,l xzkgdkauk ,d vf}rh; dk;eLo#ih fuo`Rrh [kkrs dzekad ¼ihvkj,,u½ nsrs- gk vuU; [kkrs Øekad moZfjr xzkgdkaP;k thouklkBh rlkp jkghy- gk vf}rh; PRAN Hkkjrkrhy dks.kR;kgh LFkkuko#u okijyk tkÅ 'kdrks- PRAN nksu oS;fDrd [kkR;kae/;s izos'k iznku djsy- fV;j 1 [kkrs % gs lsokfuo`RrhlkBh cprhps vFkZ ulysys [kkrs vkgs- fV;j 2 [kkrs % gh QDr LoSfPNd cpr lqfo/kk vkgs- xzkgd tsOgk pkgR;kae/kwu ;k [kkR;krwu cpr dk

ifCyd izkWfOgMaV QaM gk Hkkjrkr cpr vkf.k dj cpr dj.;kps lk/ku vkgs- vFkZ ea=ky;kP;k jk"Vªh; cpr laLFksus 1968 e/;s ihih,Q lq# dsys- vk;dj Qk;|kalg ,df=r oktoh fjVuZlg xqaro.kwd vkWQj d#u ygku cpr ,d= dj.ks gh ;kstuk vkgs-

ihih,Q [kkR;klkBh O;kt nj Hkkjr ljdkj Bjorks- 1 ,fizy 2016 iklwu izHkkoh O;kt nj 81 VDds izfr o"kZ ¼okf"kZd ok

uohu va'knku isa'ku ;kstusuqlkj ,uih,lP;k varxZr vlysY;k deZpkÚ;kaP;k ixkjkrwu njegk 10 VDds O;kt egkxkbZ HkRrk deh dj.;kr ;sbZy vkf.k R;kaP;k fuo`Rrhosru [kkR;kr tek gksbZy- ljdkjdMwu ¼fu;ksDrk½ ns[khy leku jDde tek djkoh ykxrs- ih,QvkjMh, vf/kfu;ekUo;s r;kj dsysY;k fuo`Rrhosru fu/khae/;s ,dw.k jDde tkbZy- isU'ku QaMe/kwu jDde 'ksvj ekdsZVe/;s tkbZy- ih,QvkjMh, dk;|kuqlkj ^^xzkgdkauh [kjsnh dsysY;k cktkjkoj vk/kkfjr xWjaVh ;a=.kk oxGrk ¼'ksvj½ oxGrk ykHkkaps dks.krsgh Li"V fdaok Li"V vk'oklu gks.kkj ukgh** v'kk izdkjs isU'ku QaMe/;s tek dsysyh jDde 'ksvj ekdsZVe/khy mrkj pkysY;k jDdesP;k 60 VDds jDde ijr dsyh tkbZy vkf.k ckdh jDde 40 VDds foek okf"kZd o"kkZe/;s tek dsyh tkbZy- bU'kqjUl ,WU;qbVh ;kizkIr gks.kkjh ekfld jDde gh ekfld isU'ku vkgs Eg.kts isU'ku ljdkj}kjs ukgh rj foek daiuh}kjs fnyh tkrs vkf.k Eg.kwup ,uih,l gs isU'ku [kktxhdj.k i.k dkghgh ukgh-

v'kkizdkjs gs ikfgys tkÅ 'kdrs dh isU'ku fu/khe/;s tek >kysY;k jDdespk ok

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 laiw.kZ jDde u"V gksÅ 'kdrs- R;k ckcrhr deZpkÚ;kal dks.krhgh isa'ku feG.kkj ukgh- 'ksvj ekdsZV e/khy izR;sd pkY;kuarj fuo`Rr >kys vkgsr- R;kauk #- 1400 rs 1800 QDr foek okf"kZd o"kkZlkBh ekfld isU'ku Eg.kwu- tj R;kauh 2003 e/;s lsok iqjfoyh vlsy Eg.ktsp tqU;k isU'ku ;kstusr R;kauk fdeku isU'ku Eg.kwu 900 #i;s fdeku isU'kuP;k ixkjkP;k 50 VDds ixkjkP;k fdeku isU'kuP;k Lo#ikr isU'ku fn'ksus ekfld ns; u nsrkp fnys vlsy R;kaP;k ixkjkrwu FkksMD;kr ,uih,l gs isU'ku flLVef'kok; dkghgh ukgh- ih,QvkjMh, dk;|kP;k dye 12¼5½ uqlkj] deZpkjh vkf.k fuo`Rrhosru/kkjd T;kauk ,uih,l varxZr u vkysys vkgsr- rs 'kkluk}kjs jkti= vf/klwpuk}kjs vk.kys tkÅ 'kdrkr- v'kk izdkjs ,uih,l gh loZ deZpkjh vkf.k fuo`Rrhosru/kkjdkaP;k MksD;koj yVd.kkjh nkeksph ryokj vkgs- lanHkZ lqph %& 1- e- d`".ku ;kapk ys[k lanHkZ 2- fofo/k la?kVus'kh lacaf/kr ys[k 3- baVjusV isa'ku O;oLFkk lanHkZ

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 145

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ,dp fe'ku & tquh isU'ku One Service.. One Pension that is old Pension scheme 1982 -1984 izk- x.ks”k ,e- dkils Lo- fu- ik- ok?kk;s egk- yk[kuh ft- HkaMkjk-

izLrkouk %&

txkrhy loksZRre yksd”kkgh Eg.kts Hkkjr ns”kkph yksd'kkgh gks;- vkf.k ;k yksd”kkgh e/khy egRokpk LraHk Eg.kts “kkldh; uksdjoxZ dh T;kP;k [kka|koj vkiY;k yksd”kkghpk xkMk pkyrks- ;k uksdjoxkZyk ekscnyk Eg.kwu Lrjfugk; osru fnys- dkgh Bjkohd dkG lsok >kY;kuarj fuo`Rr gks.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kaP;k Hkfo’;klkBh R;kaP;k miftohdslkBh isU'ku fnyh tkus “kkldh; deZpkÚ;kauk fuo`Rrhuarj feG.kkjh isU”ku fg R;kauh v[kaM dsysys drZO; o izkekf.kdi.ks fnysY;k lsosuarj tx.;klkBh feG.kkjk gDd vkgs- vkf.k rhp gDd fgjkowu ?ks.;kr vkyk vkgs-

“kkldh; fue'kkldh;] Lok;r laLFkke/ky f”k{kd deZpkÚ;kaP;k Hkfo’;kaP;k Vkax.khyk yko.;kr vkyk vkgs- Eg.kts dk;\ DCPS/NPS

1½ egkjk’Vª ukxjh lsok fuo`Rrh osru fu;e 1982] egkjk’Vª jkT; ukxjh lsok ¼fuo`Rrhosrukps va”kjk”khdj.k½ fu;;] Hkfo’; fuokZg fu/kh ;stuk ;k pkaxY;k ;kstukaP;k FkMX;koj mHkkjysyh ,d Hkfo’;s ulysyh nGHknzh ;kstuk ½ gks;- Eg.kts uohu ifjHkk”khd va”knku fuo`Rrh ;kstuk ¼DCPS/NPS

2½ 1 uksOgsacj 2005 uarj T;k O;Drh “kkldh; lsosr vFkok f”k{kdh lsosr :tq >kY;k R;kauk tqUgh isUlu ;kstuk ½ ;kstuk gks;- Eg.ktsp gh ;kstuk ykxw u djrk uoh isU”ku ;kstuk Eg.kts ifjHkk’khr va’knku fuo`Rrh osr ¼DCPS vU;k;kph dqÚgkMp vkgs-

❖ egk,Yxkj %&

vkiyk egk,Yxkj ;k fo:)p rRdkyhu dsanzh; for ea=ky;kus 22 fMlascj 2003 vUo;s 1 tkusokjh 2004 fdaok R;kuuarj uO;kus fu;qDr gks.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kalkBh ßufou ifjHkk’khr va”knku fuo`rrh ;kstukÞ ykxw dsyh jkT; ljdkjyk gs ,sfPNd vkgs- gk cny R;kauh Lohdkjkok fdaok vkiY;k tqU;k ;kstusizek.ks pkyw Bsokok vls ekxZn”kZu dj.;kr vkys- i.k vkiY;k rRdkyhu ek;cki ljdkjus vkiY;kp deZpkÚ;kapk ?kkr dsy- vkf.k vkiY;k Hkfo’;kpk [ksG >kyk-

;kstusph ekfgrh Lrj & 1

1½ deZpkÚ;kaP;k osrukrwu 10 jDde dikr dsyh tkbZy ¼ - % GP+BASIC+DA½ R;kr rso

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 146

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 3½ fuo`Rrhuarj lexz jDdesP;k 40 xqaroyh % jDde “kkluk}kjk fu;qDr dai.;kae/;s ¼[kktxh½ “ksvlZP;k :ikr tkbZy-

4½ 60 jDde deZpkÚ;kauk fuo`rhuarj izR;s{k VI;kVI;kus fnyh tkbZy- ¼;kckcrP;k izfdz;sckcr dkghgh ekghrh % miyCn ukgh-½

Lrj 2

❖ gk Lrj oSdfYid vlwu deZpkÚ;kauk goh rso

❖ “kkluk}kjk dlykgh okVktek gks.kkj ukgh-

❖ deZpkjh d/khgh jDde dk

1½ º;k ;kstusrqu deZpkÚ;kauk ckgsj iMrk ;s.kkj ukgh-

2½ Lrj 1 e/;s lokZauk xqaro.kqd ca/kudkjd vlsy-

3½ ;k ;kstusrwu e/kwup ckgsj iMY;kl R;kuarj “kkluk}kjk fod`r ykHk deZpkÚ;kauk ns; vl.kkj ukgh-

4½ fuos”kkdkP;k ¼deZpkÚ;kaP;k½ fgL;ke/;s tksiz;Zar ”kklukpk fgLlk tek gks.kkj ukgh rksi;Zar O;ktkph vkdkj.kh gks.kkj ukgh- ufou isU'ku ;k fo:) ,Yxkj \

1½ vkfFkZd geh ukgh %&

ufou isU'ku ;kstus e/;s 1982 lkj[ks ¼toGikl ixkjkP;k fuEes½ fuo`Rrhuarj vkfFkZd geh ns.kkjs gs fuo`Rrh osru ukgh- R;keqGs vkfFkZd {kersps rhu rsjk >kys vkgs-

2½ osru vk;ksx o chy dkekpkp %& DA

fuo`Rrhuarj osru vk;ksx vFkok egkxkbZ HkR;kaps fuo`rh osrukyk tqGukjs ykHk fg ufou isUlu e/;s feG.kkj ukghr-

3½ va'kknk;u o xzkT;wVh ukgh %&

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 l/;k ngkyk[k vU”kknk;u o xzktwVh feGrs th 7 O;k osru vk;ksxkr fol yk[k :i;s f”kQkjlhr eksMrs rhgh ykxw ukgh-

4½ gDdkpk pk vk/kkji.k dk

½ lkj[kh ykHkkph dks.krhgh ;a=.kk ukgh- ;kewGs lsokdkGkr vMp.kh loZlk/kkj.k Hkfo”;fu/kh ;kstuk ¼GPF ¼vktkj i.k] yXu] b-½ osGh gDdkus mHkh d: “kdw v”kh jDde feG.kkj ukgh-

5½ dqVqackapk vkdzks’k %&

vki.k T;kaP;klkBh vk;q’;kph iqath xksGk djr jkgrks- R;kauk ;k isU”kuus vxnh okÚ;kojp lksMys vkgs- e`R;wi”pkr dqVqac fuo`Rrhosru ;k isU”ku e/;s feG.kkj ukgh- tq.;k isU”ku /kkjdkauk R;kaP;k e`R;wi”pkr iRuhyk] iRuh rlsy rj 24 o’kkZi;Zar vfookghr eqyhyk o viax eqykauk vktUe fuo`rh osrukph lks; vkgs- gh lks; uohu isU”ku e/;s ukgh R;kewGs dqaVqckapk vkdzks’k dks.k ,sd.kkj \ 6½ t.kw ,d Ldhep %& POLICY

tqU;k isU'ku ;kstuse/;s lsokdkGkr fuo`Rr osruklkBh dlyhgh dikr dj.;kr ;sr ukgh- ;k uO;k isU”ku ;kstusr “kklu lsokdkGkrp tek ?ks.kkÚ;k jdesph xqaro.kqd ¼d”kkr xqaro.kwd rsgh Li’V ukgh½ d:.k R;kuwlkj Ldhep >kyh vkgs- isU”ku ns.kkj Eg.kts gh rj POLICY 7½ fuo`Rrhuarj feG.kkjh rqViqath lq)k jkeHkjksls %&

VI;k&VI;kr 60 jDde vls fu;e lkxrks- i.k ns;frps Lo:i dls vlsy ;kph Lojpuk ukgh- ¼rhgh % [kktxh Bjosy --\½ Policy

8½ fu;ekaph viw.kZrk fdrh gh gsGlkaM \

“kkfjjhd@ekufld fodykaxrseqGs lsokfuo`Rr gks.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kauk fuo`Rrh osruk vU”kjk”khdj.k] xzkWT;qVh ckcr fu;e vfLrrokr ukghr rlsp lDrhus lsokfuo`r dj.;kr vkysY;k deZpkÚ;kauk fuo`Rrh osru vaU”kjk”khdj.k] xzkWT;qVh ckcr fu;e vfLFkRokr ukghr-

9½ ;kstuspk rj cn`;kcksGp--- i.k vaeyctko.khrgh ydok %&

1½ vkgj.k o laforj.k vf/kdkÚ;kadMqu cÚ;kp /kkjdkaps ns[khy Hkjysys ukghr- rlsp ;kstusr DCPS FORM lekfo’V deZpkÚ;kauk vtwu [kkrsu- ns[khy feGkys ukghr- 2½ vf/kdka”k] deZpkÚ;kaps rj ys[ksp miyC/k ukgh] izek.ks½ iRrk rj vtqugh lkiMr ukgh- ts dsya; rs lq)k foLdGhrp- “kklukP;k jDdespk ¼10%

10½ dikrhpk Toyar iz’u %&

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 f”k{kd deZpkÚ;kackcr dikrhe/;s lkoGk xksa/kGp fuekZ.k >kyk vkgs- 10 o’kZ >ksi dkMqu vkrk 2&3 dikrh ,dne dsY;kus ?kjh [kk;ph Hkzkar fuekZ.k >kyh vkgs-

❖ loky & ek;cki ljdkjkyk

1½ fo/kku eaMGkuh ikfjr dsysY;k egkjk’Vª ukxjh lsok fuo`Rrh osru 1982 o egkjk’Vª ukxjh lsok fuo`Rrh osru 1984 ;k dY;k.kdkjh dk;n;kauk QDr ea=heaMGkusp frykatyhdk fnyh \ uok isU”kupk dk;nk nksUgh fof/keaMGkae/;s dk ukgh ikfjr dsyk\

2½ lkax uk vk;q’;Hkj ljdkjh dke dsysY;k deZpkÚ;kauk R;kaP;k vafre dkGkr [kktxh daiuhP;k pj[;kar jxM.kkj dk \

3½ 2005 uarjP;k deZpkÚ;kaukp lkiRu okx.kwd dk \

4½ vkepk lUeku fu vkeps Hkfo’; doMheksy vkgs dk\ dh ljdkjh deZpkjhp vkrk doMheksy >kysr--\

FkksMD;kr gh uoh isU”klu ;kstuk f”k{kd vFkok deZpkÚ;kaoj vU;k; dj.kkjh vkgs- [kj mRrj tks deZpkjh “kkldh; lsosr vkgs vkf.k 20&25 o’kkZis{kk nh?kZdkG lsok fnyh vkgs v”kk deZpkÚ;kaP;k mrkjo;kr R;kap dkgh izek.kkr vFkkZtZu Ogkoa] R;kyk o R;kap dkgh izek.kkr vFkkZtZu Ogkoa] R;kyk o R;kaP;k dqVqackyk fdeku xjtk feGkO;kr brad mRiUu ¼fuo`Rrhosru½ ns.ks gh “kklukph tckcnkjhp uOgs rj drZO; vkgs- ek= “kklukdMs fu/kh fdaok rjrwn dkgh Eg.kqu v”kk xksaMl ukok[kkyh deZpkÚ;kaP;k rksaMkyk ikua iqlwu “kklu drZO;kiklwu usgehp iG dk

“kkldh; deZpkjh o f”k{kdkaps isU”ku can d:u ljdkj nqljhdMs yksdizfrfu/khauk Hkj?kksl eku/ku o isU”ku ykxwdjr vkgs- gk fdrh eksBk fojks/kkHkkl!

tqU;k isa”ku ;kstusr deZpkÚ;akuk fuo`Rrhuarjgh iw.kZ laj{k.k o vkfFkZd ykHk feGr gksrs- lsosr vlrkauk e`R;w >kY;koj dqVqac fuo`Rrhosru ¼iRuh½ fodykax viR;kr dqVqac fuo`Rrh osru o xzWT;qVh] va”kjk”khdj.k b-Qk;ns tqU;k isU”ku ;kstusvarxZr deZpkÚ;kauk feGr gksrs- ek= Mh- lh- ih- ,l- va”knku fuo`Rrh ;kstusr ;kiSdh dks.krkgh ykHk deZpkÚ;kauk feGr ukgh- gs vU;k;dkjd vkgs-

ek÷;k loZ “kkldh; deZpkjh] fue”kkldh; deZpkjh] Lok;r laLFkk e/;s dke dj.kkÚ;k f”k{kdkauk] ca/kquk&Hkxhfuauk ;k >kysY;k vU;ka;k fo:) egk,yxkj vkiY;kykp isVok;p vkgs- gs /kx/kxrs vXuhdqaM vkiY;kykp psror Bsok;ps vkgsr- rsOgk vki.k loZ /kkjd deZpkÚ;kauh vkiyh otz DCPS/NPS eqB “kklukP;k ekFkh ekjk;ph r;kjh Bsokoh- vkiY;k loZ cka/kokuk ,d=hr dj.;kps ;qfuoflZVh izksQslj vlksf”k,”kuus 3 ekpZ 2019 yk ,d ifj’kn vk;ksthr d:u la?kVhr dj.;kps vkOgku dsys vkgs- vkf.k ;k ifj’knsr >kysY;k fopkjkapk vkiY;kyk Qk;nk gksbZy ;keqGs vkiysp fot; uDdhp vkgs !!! t; ;qok”kDrh-

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 149

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ,dp fe”ku !!! tquh isU”ku !!!

ßvuar vkeph /;s;klDrh] ijh ,dpvkrk vk”kk----Þ

leku dke leku isU”ku ghp U;k;kph Hkk’kk!!

lanHkZ xzaFk %&

1) https://www.change.org>the–stategover.

2) http://www. dcps2005.blogspotions

3) http://www.ean2005.in/

4) www.saamana.com/article

5) o`Rri=s o egkjk’Vª jkT; isU”ku gDd la?kVuk Qslcqdxzqi

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 150

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 tquh isa”ku ;kstuk fo:) uohu isa”ku ;kstuk

x.ks”kdqekj lksikujko isBdj laLd`r foHkkx izeq[k lathouh egkfo|ky; pkiksyh] rk- pkdwj] ft- ykrwj

isa”ku ;kstuk gh fczfV”k “kklukus 1857 lkyh Hkkjrke/;s ykxq dsyh- ;kuarj Hkkjrh; isa”ku vf/kfu;e 1871 ph 1857 P;k vf/kfu;ekyk vuql:u iqujZpuk dsyh xsyh- rnuarj ;ke/;s fujarj cny gksr vkys- R;ke/;s lokZr eksBk cny Eg.kts dsanz ljdkjus 1 tkusokjh 2004 yk ,uih,l vkf.k Mhlhih,l pk ,d v/;kns”k dk

isa”ku Eg.kts lsokfuo`Rr fdaok infuo`Rr O;fDryk ljdkj fdaok fof”k’V daiuh ekQZr fu;fer fnyh tk.kkjh /kujkf”k Eg.kts isa”ku gks;- o`)koLFkk isa”ku] fujk/kkj isa”ku vkf.k viax isa”ku bR;kfn infuo`Rr isa”ku ljdkj }kjk fnyh tkrs- izR;sd ek.klkph lektke/;s ,d fuf”pr in vkf.k izfr’Bk vkgs- vr% lektkP;k xjtsuqlkj R;kyk R;kps isa”ku ek/;ekrqu ykHk ns.ks gh ljdkjus tckonkjh ?ksryh ikfgts- tquh isa”ku ;kstuk %&

1 uksOgsacj 2005 jksth fdaok uarj fu;qDr ukSdjnkjkyk tquh isa”ku ;kstuk ykxq ulwu uohu isa”ku ;kstuk ykxq vkgs- 31 vkWDVkscj 2005 Ik;Zar fu;qDr loZ deZpkÚ;kauk tquh isa”ku ;kstuk ¼fuo`Rrhosru½ ns; vkgs- isa”ku ;kstusps vusd izdkj vkgsr- fu;r o;kseku fuo`Rrhosru] iw.kZlsok fuo`Rrhosru] #X.krk fuo`Rrhosru] HkjikbZ fuo`Rrhosru] vuqdEik fuo`Rrhosru vkf.k dqVaqc fuo`Rrhosru vls gs izdkj vkgsr- fu;r o;ksekukuqlkj Eg.kts o;kph

58 o’kZ iw.kZ ÖkkY;koj o prqFkZ Js.kh deZpkÚ;kaP;k ckcrhr o;kph 60 o’kZ iw.kZ ÖkkY;koj deZpkjh fuo`Rr gksrks- LosPNk fuo`Rrh] #X.krk vkf.k HkjikbZ gsgh fuo`Rrhps izdkj vkgsr- vdk;Z{kerseqGs ns.;kr ;s.kkjh fuo`Rrh Eg.kts vuqdEik fuo`Rrh gks;- fuo`Rrhosru ?ks.kkjk tsOgk ej.k ikorks rsOgk R;kP;k dqVqafc;kauk feGrs rs dqVqac fuo`Rrhosru vkgs- ,[kknk ljdkjh deZpkjh gjoY;kl R;kP;k dqVqafc;kauk =kl gksow u;s Eg.kwu vlk/kkj.k dqVaqc fuo`Rrh fnyh tkrs-

dqVqac fuo`Rrhosru gs nksu izdkjs feGrs lsosr vlrkuk vkf.k fuo`Rrhosru /kkjdkpk e`R;q ÖkkY;kuarj tj ,d o’kZ lyx lsosr vlrkuk deZpkÚ;kapk e`R;w ÖkkY;kl R;kP;k dqVqafc;kauk dqVqac fuo`Rrh osru gs deZpkÚ;kP;k iRuh fdaok irhl ns.;kr ;srs- ijarq deZpkÚ;kph iRuh@irh g;kr ulY;kl gs osru R;kP;k okjlnkjkyk ns.;kr ;srs- eqykyk 21 o’kZ o eqyhyk 24 o’kZ o; gksbZi;Zar gs osru nsrk ;srs-tj ,[kk|k deZpkÚ;kps viR; 100 VDds fodykax vlY;kl R;kyk dqVqac fuo`Rrhosru rg;kr feGw “kdrs- ,d o’kZ lyx lsok gks.;kiwohZ deZpkÚ;kpk e`R;q Ökkyk vlsy o v”kk deZpkÚ;kph lsosr use.kwd gks.;kiwohZ oS|dh; rikl.kh Ökkyh vlsy rj R;kP;k dqVqafc;kauk dqVqac fuo`Rrh osru ns.;kr ;srs-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 lsokfuo`Rrh osruklkBh dehr deh 10 o’kZ dkyko/kh fg”ksckr ?ksryk tkrks- vkrk 10 o’kZ lsok ÖkkY;kuarj “ksoVP;k osrukoj iw.kZ fuo`Rrhosru fnys tkrs- T;k deZpkÚ;kph vgZrkdkjh lsok 10 o’kkZis{kk deh vkgs R;kauk fuo`Rrhosruk,soth lsok miknku fnys tkrs- lsosP;k iw.kZ dsysY;k izR;sd lgkekghlkBh v/;kZ efgU;kps osru vls miknkukps Lo:Ik vlrs- fuo`Rrh osrukph ifjx.kuk gh fuo`Rrh iwohZ “ksoVP;k 10 efgU;kr ?ksrysY;k osrukP;k ljkljhoj fdaok deZpkjh T;k inko#u lsokfuo`Rr Ökkyk vkgs R;k inkdfjrk fuf”pr dj.;kr vkysY;k eqGosrukP;k 50 VDds njkus ;kiSdh ts Qk;ns”khj vlsy rs fuo`Rrh osru ns; vlrs-

tquh isa”ku ;kstuk can dj.;kpk mns”; vlk vkgs dh Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk isa”kuP;k ok

uohu isa”ku ;kstuk ¼,uih,l½ Hkkjr ljdkjus 1 tkusokjh 2004 jksth isa”ku QaM jsxqysVjh ,aM MsosYkiesaV vFkksfjVh ¼ih,QvkjMh½ ;k laLFksvarxZr uohu isa”ku ;kstuk lq: dsyh vkgs- gh uohu dk\ rj ;k ;kstusrhy jDDe “ks;j ekdsZV e/;s xqaroyh tkbZy- E;qP;wvy QaM e/kwu iSls dk

,uih,l ph dk;Zi)rh&

1- ih,QvkjMh laLFkk casdkauk o iksLV vkWfQlyk gh ;kstuk pkyok;yk m|qDr djsy-

2- csadsr tkÅu dks.khgh ¼ljdkjh] fueljdkjh] izk;OgsV] nqdkunkj] O;kolkf;d b-½ nksu izdkjps vdkmaV m?kMrk ;srkr- fV;j& 1 vkf.k fV;j&2] vdkmaM m?kMY;koj izR;sdkyk ihvkj,,u& ijeusaV jhVk;jesaV vdkmaV uacj fnyk tkrks-

3- njegk loZlkekU; /kkjd fV;j&1 e/;s dehr deh 500: rs fdrhgh] vkf.k fV;j&2 e/;s 1000: rs fdrhgh] deZpkÚ;kalkBh ek= eqGosru $ egkxkbZ osru vlsy rj $ egkxkbZ HkRrk ;kaP;k 10 VDds jDde Hkjkoh ykxrs-

4- xzkgdkyk vdkmaV m?kMrkukp QaM eWustj fuoMkok ykxsy- mnk- vk;lhvk;lhvk;] fjyk;Ul] ,pMh,Qlh] LVsV casd bR;kfn- vdkmaV /kkjdkps iSls ;k csadk ekQZr QaM “ks;j cktkjkr xqaroyh tkrs-

5- fV;j&1 gh ;kstuk d/khgh can djrk ;srs i.k [kkR;krys iSls ek= o;kP;k 60 O;k o’khZp feGrhy R;k vk/kh dk

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 6- fV;j&1 e/;s 60 o’kkZuarj 40 VDds jDde foek daiuhr ijr xqarokoh ykxrs o mjysyh jDde ,djdeh mpyrk ;srs-

,uih,l ps uko iq

LFkkiu dsysys gksrs ;k izkf/kdj.kkeqGs lokZauk isa”ku ;kstuk leku v”kk i)rhus jkcoyh tkr gksrh ijarq deZpkÚ;kaP;k gDdkoj gYykdj.kkÚ;k rkRdkyhu dsanz ljdkjus 1 tkusokjh 2004 e/;s Mhlhih,l pk v/;kns”k dk

uohu isa”ku ;kstuk ,o

“ks;j ekdsZV e/;s iSls dls Mwcrkr\ ,dk osGh ,d ekuql ,dk xkokr tkrks vkf.k frFkY;k xkookY;kauk Eg.krks dh eh 100:- yk ,d ekdM+ fodr ?ksrks- xkokrys yksd gs ,sdwu fu?kkys xkokyxrP;k taxykr ekdM+ vkuk;yk------iGr iGr ekdMs /k: ykxys vkf.k R;k ek.klkyk vk.kwu fodw ykxys- dkgh fnol vlp pyr jkfgy vkf.k lxGs yksd ekdMkauk /k:u R;k ek.klkyk fodw ykxys- dkgh fnolkauh ;k dkekrwu yksd deh gkow ykxys- ex R;k ek.klkauh ekdMkaph dher ok

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 153

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 vkrk ek= R;k ek.klkus ekdM+kaph dher 500: dsyh- vkf.k rks ek.kwl vkiY;k vflLVsaVph LoLFkkuh use.kwd d:u xko lksMwu “kgjkr fu?kwu xsyk------vkrk xkokrys yksd vk”p;Zpfdr Ökkys vkf.k ijr dkekyk ykxys ijarq vkrk taxyke/;s ekdM+p uOgrs------vflLVsaV us ek= bFks deky dsyh------

R;kuh xkokrY;k ek.klkauk ,d vk;fM;k fnyk------rks ------

Ljkaps ekdM+s rqEgh 400&400 :i;syk fodr ?ksowu ijr rh vkys dh R;kauk rh 500&500:- yk rqEgh fodw “kdrk- xkookY;kauk gk vk;fM;k [kwip vkoMyk vkf.k R;kuh 100 vkf.k 200:- yk fodysyk ekdMs+ ijr 400&400:- yk fodr ?ksryh- vkf.k nqlÚ;kfno”kh lxGs ekdM+s ?ksowu ;srkr------vkf.k c?krkr dk;------frFks lj i.k ukgh vkf.k vflLVsaV i.k ukgh------

Mhlhih,l /kkjdkaph gsp dFkk vkgs---- fu’d’kZ %&

tqU;k isa”kue/;s fu;ksDrk@ljdkj deZpkÚ;kalkBh fuf”pr fuo`Rrhosru ykHk ns.;klkBh tckcnkj vlrs- ,uih,lP;k vaeyctko.kh}kjs ljdkj Lor%yk tckcnkjhrwu eqDr d: bfPNr vkgs- deZpkÚ;kyk feG.kkjs fuo`Rrhosru ¼isa”ku½ gs dkgh nku fdaok c{khl Eg.kwu feGr ukgh rj fuo`Rrh osru feG.ks gh deZpkÚ;kpk gDd vkgs- deZpkÚ;kus vk;q’;Hkj fnysY;k lsoscny feG.kkjs fuo`Rrhosru R;kyk lUekukus o`)kidkGkr tx.;klkBh lkekftd lqjf{krrk Eg.kwu fnyh tkrs- lanHkZ %& isa”ku dk Vsa”ku & bafM;k VqMs] 30 tkusokjh 2019 ist u-& 28&32- tquh isa”ku can dj.;kekxph okLrfodrk] thou izokg ¼ekfld½] nRrk=; jRuikj[ks- lekpkj i=& nSfud HkkLdj] tulRrk] nSfud tkxj.k] iq.; uxjh- deZpkjh isa”ku ;kstuk 1995 Pension Scheme in India – All India Central Government Pensioner`s Association

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 isU'ku Eg.kts vf/knku & vuqnku uOgs-----

Ák- M‚- ekj¨rh rsxeiqjs vFkZ'kkL= foÒkx Áeq[k] x¨nkojh dyk egkfo|ky;] vacM] ft- tkyuk- 431204 Ã&esy % [email protected]

,d tkusokjh 2004 j¨th Çdok R;kuarj lsosr vkysY;k d¢aæ'kklukP;k deZpkÚ;kalkBh uohu isU'ku ;¨tuk ykxw dj.;kr vkyh vkf.k d¢aæ 'kklukus jkT;kauk lq)k vls dGfoys dh] R;kauhgh ;k uO;k isU'ku ;¨tusph vaeyctko.kh djkoh- egkjk"Vª 'kklukus ¼foŸk foÒkxkus½ 31 vkWDV¨cj 2005 j¨th Çdok R;kuarj lsosr Òjrh g¨.kkÚ;k f'k{k.k deZpkÚ;kauk uohu isU'ku ;¨tuk 01 uksOgsacj 2005 iklwu ykxw dj.;kr ;sÃy vlk 'kklu fu.kZ; fuxZfer d¢yk-

ÁFker% ;k fo"k;kph ekaM.kh dj.;kiwoÊ dkgh ckch letwu Äs.ks egRokps Bjsy- isU'ku gk 'kCn vkiY;k Òk"ksr

,o

fuo`ŸkhosrukP;k lanÒkZr vusd erÁokg vlys rjh R;kph lk/kkj.ki.ks O;k[;k iq

?;kos ykxsy- ;k fudkyi=krhy dkgh BGd ckch iq

1- fuo`Rrhosru gs vuqxzgiwoZd Eg.kwu fnyh tk.kkjh jDde ulwu rs d¢ysY;k lsoscÌyps Ánku vlrs- 2- deZpkÚ;kl fnys tk.kkjs fuo`Ÿkhosru gs nku'kwjrk Çdok cf{kl Eg.kwu ekyd @ ljdkj nsr ukgh- myVi{kh fuo`Ÿkhosru gk deZpkÚ;kapk gDd vkgs- 3- lkekftd lqjf{krrk Eg.kwu o`)koLFksr deZpkÚ;kus lUekukus o ;¨X;fjR;k vk;q"; O;rhr djkos ;k mÌs'kkus fuo`Ÿkh osru fnys tkrs-

fuo`Ÿkh osruckcr lo¨ZPp U;k;ky;kus O;Dr d¢ysY;k erkpk fopkj d¢Y;kl Mhlhih,l @ ,uih,l P;k ek/;ekrwu gh mfÌ"VÓs lk/; g¨rkr dk;\ ;kps mŸkj udkjkFkÊ rj vkgsp myVi{kh Òkjrh; jkT;ÄVusrhy dye 14 vkf.k 16 ps mYyaÄu dj.kkjs vkgs-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 uohu va'knku fuo`Ÿkh osru ;¨tuk ykxw dj.;kP;k mÌs'kkus t¨ 'kklu fu.kZ; fuxZfer ¼31 vkWDV¨cj] 2005½ dj.;kr vkyk vkgs- R;ke/;s T;k ckch ueqn dj.;kr vkY;k vkgsr] R;k fo"k;hph dkgh,d ppkZ g¨.ks vxR;kps vkgs-

;k 'kklu fu.kZ;kuqlkj Mhlhih,l ;¨tusph oSf'k"VÓs iq

1- ;k ;¨tusl ifjÒk"khr va'knk;h fuo`Ÿkh osru ;¨tuk vls lac¨/k.;kr ;sÃy- ¼DCPS½ 2- gh ;¨tuk ,d u¨Ogsacj 2005 iklwu vaeykr ;sÃy- 3- oSf'k"VÓs Øeakd n¨u e/;s n'kZfoysY;k rkj[ksl Çdok R;kuarj jkT; 'kklukP;k lsosr fu;qDr g¨.kkÚ;k loZ deZpkÚ;kl gh Mhlhih,l ;¨tuk vfuok;Z vlsy- 4- uohu Mhlhih,l ;¨tuk ifjÒk"khr va'knkukoj vk/kkfjr vlsy vkf.k ;k ;¨tuse/;s n¨u Lrj vlrhy] ts dh] Lrj ,d vkf.k Lrj n¨u Eg.kwu vksG[kys tkrhy- Lrj ,d % 'kklukP;k lsosr ,d u¨Ogsacj 2005 j¨th Çdok R;kuarj fu;qDr g¨.kkÚ;k loZ deZpkÚ;kalkBh vfuok;Z vlsy] Lrj n¨u % gk lacaf/kr deZpkÚ;kalkBh oSdYihd Lo#ikpk vlsy- r¨ R;kaP;k LosPNk fu.kZ;kP;k v/khu vlsy- Lrj ,d varxZr mij¨Dr rkj[ksl Çdok R;kuarj lsosr vkysY;k izR;sd deZpkÚ;kl R;kaP;k ^^ewG osru vf/kd

egkxkà osru ¼vlY;kl½$egkxkà ҟkk** ;k jDdesP;k 10 VDd¢ brd¢ ekfld va'knku |kos ykxsy- gh jDde deZpkÚ;kP;k osruns;dkrwu ÁR;sd efg.;kr otk d:u Äsryh tkÃy- jkT;'kklu lerqY; va'knku nsÃy- gh

va'knkus xqaro.kwdhojhy ÁkIrhP;k jDdek vkgkjhr djrk u ;s.;kt¨X;k ¼Non-Withdrable½ vlrhy- R;k ^^fuo`Ÿkhosru Lrj ,d [kkR;ke/;s** tek d¢Y;k tkrhy- 5- Lrj n¨u ,sfPNd Lo#ikps vkgs] vkiY;kyk okVY;kl gs [kkrs mÄMw 'kdr¨] vkgj.k ;¨X; ¼Withdrawable½ ;ke/;s 'kklu vkiyk d¨.krhgh lerqY; jDde lekfo"B dj.kkj ukgh- ¼ghp [kjh es[k vkgs-½ 6- 'kkldh; deZpkÚ;kl loZlk/kkj.ki.ks fu;r o;¨eku ¼;FkkfLFkrh 58 o"kZ@60 o"ksZ½ iw.kZ g¨rkp Çdok R;kuarj uohu fuo`Ÿkh osru ;¨tusP;k Lrj ,d e/kwu ckgsj iMrk ;sÃy ¼R;kiwoÊ ukgh½- rFkkfi ;k ;¨tusrwu ckgsj iMrkuk 'kkldh; deZpkÚ;kl R;kP;k [kkrh tek >kysY;k ,dw.k jDdesP;k 40 VDd¢ jDde ¼fuo`Ÿkh osru fu/kh fu;ked o fodkl Ákf/kdj.kkdMwu fu;af=r d¢Y;k tk.kkÚ;k ¼QaM eWustlZ½ thou foek daiuhdMwqu ¼From life Insurance company regulated by Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority½ okÆ"kdh ¼Annuity½ [kjsnh dj.;klkBh xqarfo.ks ca/kudkjd vlsy- ;k oSf'k"VÓkapk varÒkZo vlysY;k 'kklu fu.kZ;kuarj vktikosrsk egkjk"Vª ljdkjus rhl is{kkgh vf/kd 'kklu fu.kZ; fuxZfer d¢ys vkgsr- vxnh vyhdMs 19 tkusokjh 2019 jskth egkjk"Vª ljdkjus ¼foŸk foÒkx½ ,d 'kklu fu.kZ; fuxZfer d¢yk vlwu ;k e/;s EgVys vkgs dh] ^jkT; 'kklukP;k losr ,d u¨Ogsacj 2005 j¨th Çdok R;kuarj fu;qDr g¨.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kalkBh ykxw d¢ysY;k jk"Vªh; isU'ku ;¨tusP;k ¼NPS½ ¼iwoÊph va'knku ifjÒk"khr fuo`Ÿkh osru ;¨tuk DCPS½ vaeyctko.khrhy =qVhpk vH;kl dj.;klkBh vH;klxVkph LFkkiuk dj.;kckcr---* vls Eg.kwu ,dk vH;klxVkph LFkkiukgh dj.;kr vkysyh vkgs- ;k vH;klxVkps v/;{k Eg.kwu foŸk foÒkxkps jkT;ea=h dke ikgrhy

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 rj lkekU; Á'kklu foÒkxkps jkT;ea=h] foŸk foÒkxkps vIij lfpo] lkekU; Á'kklu foÒkxkps vIij lfpo] ys[kk o d¨"kkxkj foÒkxkps Á/kku lfpo] 'kkys; f'k{k.k foÒkxkps milfpo o ys[kk o d¨"kkxkj foÒkxkps lapkyd ¼lnL;&lfpo½ gs loZ lnL; vlrhy- ;ko:u vki.kkl gs Bkei.ks Eg.krk ;sÃy rs Eg.kts 13&14 o"kkZP;k nhÄZdkyko/khuarj ljdkjyk vls y{kkr rjh vkys dh T;k isU'ku ;¨tusph vki.k M¨Gscan d:u vaeyctko.kh djhr vkg¨r R;ke/;s =qVh vkgsr- vH;klkarh eh Li"Vi.ks lkaxw 'kdr¨ dh] Mhlhih,l @ ,uih,l ;¨tuk Eg.kts =qVÈps iWd¢t vkgs-

vkenkj] [kklnkj Çdok y¨dÁfrfu/kh gs d¢oG ikp o"kk±lkBh fuoMys tkrkr- ;k cgqrka'k y¨dÁfrfu/kÈph ekyeŸkk d¨VÓko/khP;k Äjkr vkgs- 2014 P;k y¨dlÒk fuoM.kwdhrwu fuoMwu vkysY;k [kklnkjkaiSdh 82 VDd¢ [kklnkj dj¨Mirh vkgsr- gs R;kauh vkiY;k 'kiFki=k}kjsp tkghj d¢ys vkgs- rjhgh R;kauk laiq.kZ vk;q";klkBh isU'ku vkgs- lsosr ;s.kkjk f'k{k.k&Ák/;kid&deZpkjh vkiY;k vk;q";kaph fdeku 30&35 o"ksZ lsosr Äkyr¨- lsok nsr&nsr

R;kP;k 'kjhjkph {kerk deh g¨r tkrs o ,dk VII;koj R;kl fuo`Ÿk Ogkos ykxrs- v'kk ifjfLFkrhr iq

,dk cktwl Òkjrkrhy vf/k—r vkdMsokjhuqlkj vCtk/kh'kkaph la[;k 119 brdhp vkgs] vkiY;kdMhy Ákekf.kdi.kkpk ntkZ y{kkr Äsrk ;kr dkgh /kDdknk;d vkgs] vls eyk rjh okVr ukgh- 2018 ;k ,dkp o"kkZr

R;kaP;k laiŸkhr nj fno'kh lk/kkj.kr% 2200 d¨Vh :i;s brdh ok< >kyh- Eg.ktsp ;k ÁR;sdkP;k laiŸkhrhy ljkljh Áfrfnu ok< 18 d¨Vh 48 yk[k 73 gtkj 949 :i;s brdh vkgs- vkiY;k ns'kkrhy vo?;k 10 VDd¢ y¨dkaP;k gkrh ns'kkr r;kj g¨.kkÚ;k laiŸkhrhy rCcy 77-4 VDd¢ brdk okVk vkgs- ;kiSdh lokZr /kuk<Ó la[;sus QDr ,d VDdk brd¢p vkgsr] i.k R;kaP;k gkrh ns'kkrhy 51-53 VDd¢ brdh laiŸkh ,doVyh vkgs- ns'kkrhy ts lokZr Jhear v'kk uÅ dqVqackP;k gkrh vlyssys /ku rGkrhy 50 VDd¢ Eg.kts 65 d¨Vh y¨dla[;sP;k laiŸkh brd¢ vkgs- ns'kkr vfLrRokr vlysyh gh laiŸkhP;k foÒktukP;k ikrGhojhy njh vf/kd :ankor tkr vkgs- Mhlhih,l QaM eWustlZpk ;k eq|ka'kh toGpk laca/k vkgs- gs vkotqZu ueqn djkos ykxsy-

;k fBdk.kh vf/kdph ekaM.kh u djrk eh brd¢p Eg.ksu dh QWfeyh isU'ku ;¨tuse/;s ts ykÒ lacaf/kr deZpkÚ;kl feGr g¨rs] R;k loZp ykÒkiklwu 2005 uarj deZpkjh&f'k{kd&Ák/;kid ;kauk oafpr Bso.;kr vkys vkgs- loZ dkgh e¨tD;k dki¨ZjsV lkBh lq: vkgs- gkMkph dkMs dj.kkjk] vkiys vk;q"; [kMw lkj[ks f>to.kkjk f'k{kd&Ák/;kid mrkj o;kr vlqjf{kr voLFksr l¨Mwu ns.;kps dke d¢ys vkgs-

tquh isU'ku ;¨tuk vkf.k Mhlhih,l % osxosxG~;k vLFkkiusr dk;Zjr deZpkjh] f'k{kd Ák/;kidkae/;s tquh isU'ku ;¨tuk e¨Mhr dkkysyk vkgs- used¢i.kkus tqU;k isU'ku ;¨tuse/;s o uohu isU'ku ;¨tuse/;s dk; Qjd vkgs gs letwu Äs.ks egŸokps Bjsy-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 1- 1982 P;k QWfeyh isU'ku ;¨tusr lsokfuo`Ÿk g¨r vlrkuk ,dk fuf'pr fuo`Ÿkh osrukph ¼lsosP;k 'ksoVÓk o"kkZrhy osrukP;k 50 VDd¢½ 'kk'orh ns.;kr vkysyh vkgs ¼g¨rh½- Mhlhih,l @ ,uih,l ;¨tusr fuf'pr

fdrh fuo`Ÿkh osru fnY;k tkÃy ;kckcrph d¨.krhgh 'kk'orh ukgh- 'ksvj cktkjkph fLFkrh ;k vk/kkjkoj rh R;k&R;k osGh fuf'pr g¨Ãy- R;k efgU;kr 'ksvj cktkj fdrh Äljyk @ o/kkjyk ;koj ykÒka'k Bjsy o

R;kuqlkjp R;k efgU;krhy fuo`Ÿkhosru lq)k fuf'pr d¢ys tkÃy- 2- tqU;k fuo`Ÿkh osru ;¨tusr deZpkjh&Ák/;kid&f'k{kdkaP;k osrukrwu d¨.krhgh dikr d¢yh tkr uOgrh @ ukgh] Mhlhih,l @ ,uih,l e/;s ek= osrukP;k 10 VDd¢ brdh jDde ijLij dikr d¢yh tkrs-

3- tqU;k fuo`Ÿkh osru ;¨tusr Retirement Gratuity ¼fuo`Ÿkh minku½ vnk dj.;kkph ,d fuf'pr O;oLFkk varÒwZr vkgs- Mhlhih,l @ ,uih,l e/;s Gratuity (minkukph) ph d¨.krhgh rjrwn ukgh- 4- 1982 P;k fuo`Ÿkh osru ;¨tusr thih,Q ¼General Provident Fund½ ph lqfo/kk dj.;kr vkysyh vkgs- ijarq uohu fuo`Ÿkh osru ;¨tusr th-ih-,Q- ph lqfo/kk miyC/k ukgh- 5- mij¨Dr tqU;k fuo`Ÿkh osru ;¨tusr th-ih-,Q- oj fuf'pr njkus O;kt fnY;k tkr¨- Mhlhih,l @ ,uih,l e/;s ek= gs iw.kZi.ks 'ksvj cktkjkoj voyacwu vkgs-

6- tqU;k fuo`Ÿkh osru ;¨tuse/;s deZpkÚ;kapk] f'k{kd] Ák/;kidkapk lsosr vlrkauk e`R;w >kY;koj ÁkIr g¨.kkjs ykÒ & v½ dqVqac fuo`Ÿkh osru] c½ fodykax viR;kl dqVqac fuo`Ÿkh osru] d½ va'kjk'khdj.k] M½ miknku] b½ Òfo"; fuokZg fu/khe/;s tek vlysyh laiw.kZ jDde bR;knh ;kiSdh ,dgh ckch uohu fuo`Ÿkh osru ;¨tuse/;s ueqn dj.;kr vkysyh ukgh-

7- lDrhus lsok fuo`Ÿk dj.;kr vkysY;k deZpkÚ;kl] f'k{kd] Ák/;kidkl mij¨Dr lgk e/khy loZ ckch ykxw g¨rkr- ijarq Mhlhih,l @ ,uih,l e/;s ;kfo"k;hps fu;ep vfLrRokr ukghr-

8- deZpkjh @ fuo`Ÿkhosru /kkjd g;kr ulrkuk dqVqackyk iw.kZ laj{k.k ns.;kps dke 1982&84 P;k QWfeyh isU'ku ;¨tusus d¢ys vkgs- rj Mhlhih,l @ ,uih,l fuo`Ÿkh osru ;¨tusr deZpkjh @ fuo`Ÿkh osru/kkjdkyk g;kr vlrkauk dqVqackyk iw.kZ laj{k.k rj uOgsp d¨.krsgh ¼l{ke½ laj{k.k ns.;kr vkysys ukgh- 9- egkjk"Vª ukxjh lsok fu;e 1982 o 1984 r;kj djrkuk deZpkjh fgrkP;k vuq"kaxkus dk;nk cuo.;kr vkyk vlwu R;k–"Vhuss fo/kkulÒk o fo/kkuifj"knsr dk;ns dj.;kr vkys vkgsr- Mhlhih,l ;¨tuk ykxw djrkuk ek= egkjk"Vª ukxjh lsok 1982 e/;s lq/kkj.kk vlk 'kCn Á;¨x d:u deZpkÚ;kaph Qlo.kwd d¢yh vkgs- ÁR;{kkr 1982 e/khy ,dgh rjrwn Mhlhih,l /kkjdkauk ykxw ukgh- ;kfo"k;hpk fo/kkulÒk Çdok fo/kkuifj"knsr Bjko ekaMyk ukgh vkf.k R;kfo"k;hpk dk;nkgh d¢yk ukgh-

10- tqU;k fuo`Ÿkh osru ;¨tusr ÁR;sd lgk efgU;kauh okkysyk ykÒka"k

fuo`Ÿkh osru Eg.ku ,uih,l /kkjdkauk feG.kkj ukghr-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 mij¨Dr fo'ys"k.kkP;k lkákus vki.kkl dkgh er Bkei.ks u¨anork ;srhy- eqGkr fuo`Ÿkh osru dk; vkgs\] fuo``Ÿkh osrukpk mÌs'k dk; vkgs\] ;k vuq"kaxkus lq)k ppkZ g¨.ks vko';d vkgs- ek- lo¨ZPp U;k;ky;kus ;k Á'ukaph mŸkjs Lor%p fnyh vlwu rh R;k fu.kZ;kaP;k ifjPNsn 20 e/;s uewn d¢ys vkgs- nsodhuanu Álkn fo#) fcgkj jkT; ljdkj ;kaP;k ÄVY;ke/;s ¼1971-SCR 634 : AIR 1991 SC 1409½ fudky nsr vlrkauk ek- lo¨ZPp U;k;ky;kus Li"Vi.ks EgVys vkgs dh] fuo`Ÿkh osru ns.ks vFkok u ns.ks gs ljdkjP;k etÊpk ekeyk ulwu laca/khr deZpkÚ;kapk r¨ ÄVukRed vf/kdkj vkgs- ,[kk|k ljdkj vFkok jkT;kus vR;ar mnkji.ks ns.;kph x¨"V Çdok ekydkus R;kP;k mnkjeroknh /k¨j.kkpk Òkx Eg.kwu R;kP;k deZpkÚ;kyk fuo`Ÿkh osru |kos vls U;k;ky;kyk lkax.;kph osG ;koh gs vR;ar okÃV vkgs-

fuo`Ÿkh osru gk deZpkÚ;kapk vf/kdkj vlwu ljdkjP;k bPNk'kDrhpk Òkx uOgs] R;keqGs gs U;k;ky; vf/kdkjok.khus vla lkaxr vkgs dh] fuo`Ÿkh osru ns.ks gs ca/kudkjd vkgs- fu;eka}¨j ,[kk|k deZpkÚ;kyk fuo`Ÿkh osru feG.ks gs vfÒÁsr vkgs] r¨ R;kpk ÄVukRed vf/kdkj vkgs- iqUgk ,dnk gkp –f"Vd¨.k iatkc ljdkj vkf.k brj fo#) bDcky Çlx ;k [kVY;kr v/k¨jsf[kr dj.;kr vkyk vkgs- ¼1976 – 3SCR 360 : AIR 1976 SC 667½ Eg.kwu Mhlhih,l @ ,uih,lP;k ek/;ekrwu ljdkj fuo`Ÿkh osru ukdkjr vkgs] R;k ik'oZÒwehoj mij¨Dr fudkykpk gokyk ns.ks vko';d vkgs- fu.kZ; lk/kE;Z Eg.kwu vki.kkl Mh-,l- udkjk fo#) Òkjr ljdkj ;k fudkyi=kdMs ikgrk ;sÃy-

vkt vki.k ,[kknk ojh"B egkfo|ky;kr dk;Zjr vlysY;k Ák/;kidkP;k lsospk dkyko/kh y{kkr Äsryk rj dkgh x¨"Vh vf/kd pkaxY;k i)rhus Li"V g¨rhy- Ák/;kidkaph loZlk/kkj.ki.ks 30 o"kZ lsok g¨Ãy- vls x`ghr /kjys- ifjÒk"khr va'knkà fuo`Ÿkh osru ;¨tusr Áfrekg 10]000 :i;s brdh dikr g¨Ãy vls x`ghr /kjys rj] R;kP;k ,dw.k lsokdkGkr ¼30 x 12 ¾ 360½ ÁR;{k R;kP;k osrukrwu dikr g¨.kkjh jDde ¼360 x 10]000½ gh :i;s 36 yk[k brdh vlsy- ljdkjus vkiyk leÒkx ;¨X;jhrhus ¼iwoÊ 10 VDd¢ g¨rk vkrk 14 VDd¢ brdk >kyk vkgs-½ ¼vki.k 14 VDd¢ lq#okrhyiklwu x`ghr /kjys rjhgh½ lekfo"V d¢yk rj :- 50 yk[k 40 gtkj brdk vlsy- ;k n¨sUghph csjht d¢yh rj gh tek g¨.kkjh jDde :- 36 yk[k 40 gtkj brdh g¨Ãy- ;koj 'kklukus dY;k.kdkjh gsrw ckGxwu 8

VDd¢ O;ktnj fnyk vls letwu vkdMse¨M d¢yh rjh ,d d¨VhP;k iqkY;k rj R;kckcrhr 'kkluk'kh okn djrk ;s.kkj ukgh- rj r¨ R;k foek daiuh @ QaM eWustlZ cj¨cj djkok ykxsy- lokZ egRokps Eg.kts ;k loZ daiU;k

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 [kktxh vkgsr- [kktxh daiU;kP;k fu;e vkf.k vVh ;k fo"k;h osxG Òk"; dj.;kph vktrjh vko';drk ulkoh- mij¨Dr mnkgj.kkrhy o Mhlhih,l @ ,uih,l e/khy gs okLro vkgs-

;kp vkdMsokjhP;k vk/kkjs vki.k nqljs mnkgj.k ikgw;k] loZlk/kkj.ki.ks d¨.kR;kgh jk"Vªh;—r c¡d /k¨j.kkuqlkj ÁR;sd lkr o"kkZr nkenqIiV ;¨tusraxZr jDde nqIiV g¨rs- ,dw.k rhl o"kkZP;k dkGkr gh jDde 16 iVhus 1 yk[k 60 gtkj :i;s brd¢ 28 o"kkZr g¨rkr- 1 yk[k 20 gtkj :i;s brd¢ g¨rkr- ;k jDdesP;k 16 iVhus d¢Y;kl 3 d¨Vh 13 yk[k 60 gtkj :i;s brdh jDde tek g¨rs- xqaro.kwd fo"k;d okLro fp= ;k –"Vhus lq)k letwu ?;kos ykxsy- ;k dkyko/khr DCPS / NPS P;k ek/;ekrwu 'kklukdMs QDr ,d d¨Vh :i;sp tek g¨r vkgs rj nkenqIiV ;¨tusraxZr 3 d¨Vh 13 yk[k 60 gtkj :i;s brdh jDde tek g¨r vkgs- Eg.kts 'kklukis{kk loZlk/kkj.ki.ks 2 d¨Vh 13 yk[k 60 gtkj :i;s brdh vf/kdph jDde nkenqIiV ;¨tusP;k ek/;ekrwu tek g¨rs- laca/khr deZpkÚ;kl vkiY;k osrukrhy ngk VDd¢ jDde Áfregk tek djkoh ykxsy] 'kklugh vkiyk rso

QaM eWustlZ fu;qDr dj.;kr vkys vkgsr- rs ;s.ks Áek.ks& 1- ICICI Prudention Pension Funds Management Company Limited. 2- IDFC Pension Fuind Management Company Limited. 3- Kotak Mahindra Pension Fund Limited. 4- Reliance Capital Pension Fund Limited. 5- SBI Pension fund Private Fund Limited. 6- UTI Retirement Solutions Liminted. gs isU'ku QaM eWustlZ vkiyh fnokG[k¨jh d¢aOgk Ĩ"khr djrhy gs vki.k lkaxw 'kdr ukgh] i.k gs ek= [kk=h'khj lkaxw 'kdr¨ dh] R;akP;k fnokG[k¨jhrp vkiyh fnokG[k¨jh vlsy] R;kauk 'kklu ^bUlsVhOgt* nsÃy vkf.k Mhlhih,l @ ,uih,l /kkjdkauk\ vki.k dk; d¢ys ikfgts\ %

txkrhy rRoosŸ;kauh gs tx dls vkgs rs lkafxrys vkgs] Á'u vkgs rs cnyk;pa dls] Mhlhih,l @ ,uih,lP;k ek/;ekrwu deZpkjh f'k{kd&Ák/;kid ;kaps dY;k.k g¨.kkj ukgh- myV fuo`Ÿkhuarjps vk;q"; lokZFkkZus vlqjf{kr g¨Ãy] Eg.kwu ;k foj¨/kkryh y

,dk fudkykpk lanÒZ ns.ks mfpr Bjsy- ek- lo¨ZPp U;k;ky;kus ¼AIR 1983 Supreme Court 130½ fnuakd 17 fMlsacj 1982 j¨th 1980 P;k ;kfpdk Øeakd 5939&41 ;k Ádj.kke/;s fnysY;k fu.kZ;krhy ifgY;kp ifjPNsnkr dk; EgVys vkgs] ^tso<Ók ÒDrhÒkokus eh ekÖ;k jktkph ¼'kklukph½ lsok d¢yh rso<Ókp ÒDrhÒkokus eh Ã'ojkph

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 lsok d¢yh vlrh rj nqnsZokus gs n'kkorkj ikg.;kph osG ekÖ;koj vkyh ulrh- vlk ti dj.;kph ikGh

;kfpdkdR;kZoj vkysyh vkgs- vk;q";kP;k mŸkjk/kkZe/;s jDrL=ko g¨r eh dkVÓkdqVÓkoj iMysyk vkgs- o;¨ekuijRos vkysys Egkrkji.k] c©f)d o 'kkjhfjd {kerse/;s >kysyh Älj.k] 'kjhjkps Luk;w vkf.k cq)h ;kauk mfpr vkgkjkvÒkoh ykxysyh vksg¨Vh] v'kk ifjfLFkrhr gs ;kfpdkdrsZ U;k;ky;kle¨j vkysys vkgsr] ;kaps Eg.k.ks dk; vkgs\ rj vkEgh vusd o"kkZP;k lsosuarj fuo`Ÿk >kysy¨ vkg¨r- rsOgk vkEgkyk vkeP;kis{kk lsosr dfu"B vlysY;k o uO;kus lsosr vkysY;k o ;sr vlysY;k vkeP;k O;kolkf;d ca/kqis{kk deh Áfrph okx.kwd fnyh tkrk dkek u;s- ek- lo¨ZPp U;k;ky;kus ;k Ádj.kkr ;kfpdkdR;k±P;k cktwus fudky fnyk- gh >kyh ,d cktw----

vkrk ;kP;k myV ifjfLFkrh r;kj >kysyh vkgs- vkrk vla Eg.kk;ph osG vkysyh vkgs dh] vkeP;kis{kk lsosr

T;s"B vlysY;k deZpkjh] f'k{kd] Ák/;kidkauk lsok fuo`Ÿkh osrukckcr th okx.kwd fnyh tkr vkgs] R;kis{kk osxGh okx.kwd Mhlhih,l @ ,uih,l /kkjdkauk fnyh tkr vkgs- v'kk Ádkjpk loky 31 vkWDV¨cj 2005 uarj lsosr vkysY;k osxosxG~;k vLFkkiusrhy Mhlhih,l @ ,uih,l /kkjdkauh vkiyth ,dtwV nk[kor fopkjyk ikfgts] rjp gh U;k;kph y

2- ,eQqDV¨ Ák/;kid egklaÄkP;k dk;Zdkjh eaMGkus 29 tqyS 2018 j¨th laer d¢ysyk ri'khyokj Bjko] eqacÃ- 3- y¨dlŸkk] eqacÃ] 25 tkusokjh 2019- 4- jktlkjFkh] jkT; ljdkjh deZpkjh e/;orÊ laÄVusps eq[ki=] eqacÃ- 5- y¨dlŸkk] eqacÃ] 7 tkusokjh 2013- 6- https://www.maayboli.com 7- egkjk"Vª VkÃEl] vkSjaxkckn] 02 vkWDV¨cj 2016- 8- https://hi.m.wikipedia.org>wiki> 9- y¨dlŸkk] eqacÃ] 27 vkWDV¨cj 2014-

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 161

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 jk"Vªh; isa'ku ;kstuk ¼NPS½ % leL;k o vkOgkus %

MkW- ufyuh vk;- cksjdj] dyk o okf.kT; inoh egkfo|ky;] is- iai] tokgjuxj] ft- HkaMkjk- besy & [email protected]

izLrkouk %& ekuokP;k vkFkhZd xjtk Hkkxfo.;klkBh vFkkZtZu egRokps vkgs- R;kewGsp ekuokus osxosxG;k Lo:ikr vFkkZtZu dj.;kP;k i/nrhapk voyac dsyk vkgss- mnk- 'ksrh dj.ks] m|ksx O;olk; dj.ks] uksdjh dj.ks b- ijarw ,o<;kojp Fkkac.ks Eg.kts Hkfo";kph dkGth ulY;klkj[ks vkgs- R;keqGs vki.k feGor vlysyh feGdr Hkfo";klkBh tiwu Bso.ks vR;ko';d okVw ykxys- jk”Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk gh fuo`Rrhuarjph rjrwn dj.;klkBh cpr dj.;kph lo; ykxkoh Eg.kwu Hkkjr ljdkjus lq: dsysyh ;kstuk vkgs- ;k ;kstusP;k varxZr dsysyh cpr gh ekU;rkizkIr “ksvlZ] ljdkjh jks[ks] dkWiksZjsV fMcsaplZ ;kae/;s foHkkxwu xqarfoyh tkrs- izkfIrdj dk;|kP;k dye 80 lh vUo;s dj otkoVhlkBh cgqrsd uksdjh dj.kkjs yksd jk”Vªh; isa”ku ;kstusr xqaro.kwd djrkr- jk"Vªh; isa'ku ;kstuk ¼NPS½ %& izR;sd uksdjh dj.kkÚ;k O;Drhyk vls okVrs dh vktps Bhd vkgs ijarw tsaOgk uksdjh ulsy rsOgk dls gks.kkj\ Eg.ktsp lsokfuo`Ÿkh uarj feGdrhph fpark okVrs ;klkBh rks osxosxG;k isa'ku ;kstukae/;s xqaro.kqd djhr vlrks- R;kiSdhp jk"Vªh; isa'ku ;kstuk ¼ ½ gh ,d ;kstuk vkgs- NPS ;k ;kstusr vkiY;k lsokfuo`Ÿkh uarjP;k ftouklkBh xqaro.kqd dsyh tkrs- O;Drhus dsysyh xaqro.kqd vkf.k R;koj feG.kkjs fjVuZ Onkjs ,u-ih-,l- [kkrs pkyr vlrs- gh ;kstuk loZ ukxfjdkalkBh vkgs- o`/n >kY;kuarj ijkoyach jkgw u;s] LokHkhekukus txrk ;kos ;klkBh gh

;kstuk vkgs- lsokfuo`Ÿkh uarj ,u-ih-,l- [kkR;krhy iS'kkrwu ljdkj isa'ku nsrs- bFks lsokfuo`Ÿkhps o; 60 o"ksZ eku.;kr vkys vkgs- R;kuarj gs [kkrs can djrk ;srs- gs ,d lsokfuo`Ÿkh lsfoax vdkmaV vkgs- T;kyk Hkkjr ljdkjus 01 tkus- 2004 yk ykWUp dsys gksrs- ;k rkj[ksuarj uksdjhoj ykx.kkÚ;k loZ deZpkÚ;kauk gh ;kstuk vfuok;Z vkgs- 2009 uarj ;k ;kstusyk [kktxh {ks=kr dke dj.kkjs T;kaps o; 18 rs 60 o"kZ vlsy rs vkiY;k bPNsus ;k ;kstusr lkehy gksow 'kdrkr-

,u- ih- ,l- ph dk;Z'kSyh %& P.F.R.D.A. ¼isa'ku QaM jsX;qysVjh vWUM MsOgysiesaV vFkkfjVh½ }kjs laiw.kZ fopkjkvarh gh

;kstuk cufo.;kr vkysyh vkgs- ;kr vfuoklh Hkkjrh;kapkgh ¼NRI½ lekos'k dj.;kr vkyk vkgs- ;k ;kstusyk pkyfo.;kpk [kpZ vR;ar deh vkgs- ;krhy iw.kZ iSlk xqarfoyk tkrks vkf.k ,U;qVh P;k }kjs isa'kuP;k Lo:ikr feGsy- jk"Vªh; isa'ku ;kstus varxZr izR;sd efgU;kyk 500 :i;s xqarfoys rj o"kkZyk dehr deh 6000 :i;s xqarfork ;srkr- tkLrhr tkLr xqaro.kqdhph dks.krhgh flek ukgh- ;k ;kstusr bUdeVWDl e/;s lwV feGrs Eg.kwu gh iw.kZ rÚgsus ikjn'khZ vkf.k fdQk;r'khj Ldhe vkgs- lsokfuo`Ÿkhuarj [kpZ pkyfo.;klkBh tks iSlk ykxrks R;kyk ,U;wVh Eg.krkr-

R;koj bUdeVWDl csfufQV 50]000@& izrh o"kZ vlk feGsy- gh fyehV ATC P;k 1]50]000@& P;k oj vaMj lsD'ku ATCCDI e/;s 50]000@& vf/kd xqaro.kqd d: 'kdrk R;keqGs gh fyehV 2 yk[k i;Zar gksrs-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ;ke/;s bUde VWDl EET ¼Exempted Excempted and Tax½ vkgs Eg.kts tsOgk iSlk dk

VWDl |kok ykxsy- ijarw ljdkj }kjs gh ;kstuk EEE ;k varxZr vk.k.;kpk iz;Ru dsyk tkr vkgs- ;k Ldhe e/;s gk MªkW cWd vkgs dh iSlk dk

Eg.ktsp lsokfuo`Ÿkh i;Zar dk

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 णनित्तृ ी िेतन योजना काल आज आणि उद्या प्रा. डॉ . राजेश णचमिकर अथचशास्त्र णिभाग प्रमखु एफ .ई .एस .ग쥍सच कॉलेज , चंद्रपरू मो. नं . ९४२३६१९०४४

शासकीय, णनमशासकीय सेिेत कायच करिा앍या कमचचायाच楍या मातार ि या तील हक्काची आणथचक काठी म्हिजे णनितृ ीिेतन होय. णनितृ ीिेतन म्हिजे शासकीय/णनमशासकीय कमचचा앍यानेकेले쥍या चांग쥍या िागिकु ीबद्दल ि चांग쥍या कायाचबद्दल त्याला सेिाणनितृ ीनंतर देण्यात येिारी एकरकमी /माणसक रक्कम होय. महाराष्ट्र नागरी सेिा णनयम १९८२ ि महाराष्ट्र नागरी सेिा णनयम १९८४ अंतगचत शासकीय ि णनमशासकीय सेिेत काम करिा앍या कमचचायांना सेिा समाप्ती नंतर णनितृ ीिेतन देण्यास सरु िात झाली. त्यामळु े कमचचायाचचे िधृ ाप्कालीन जीिन सखु ात, सामाधानात ि आनंदात जाते . परंत ु १ नोव्हेंबर २००५ रोजी कीिा त्यानंतर सेिेत 셁ज ू झाले쥍या कमचचायांना निीन “ परीभाणसत अन्सादन णनितृ ीिेतन योजना “ लाग ू करण्यात आली. या निीन योजनेमुळे काम्चायांचे णनित्तृ ी नंतरचे जीिन मात्र अधांतरी झाले आहे . भणिष्ट्यात ही dcps योजना देखील बंद होते काय असी साधार णभती णनमाचि झाली आहे.

प्रस्तािना

केंद्रसरकार, रा煍यसरकार आणि स्थाणनक स्िराज संस्थेत कायच करिा앍या सिच कामाचचायांना १९८२ ि १९८४ 楍या नागरी सेिा णनयमांतगचत णनयोणजत सेिा कालिधी पिू च झा쥍यानंतर प्रत्येक मणहन्याला णनण楍छत रक्कम त्या楍या सेिेचा परु स्कार म्हिनू णदला जातो . त्यामळु े सेिा णनित्तृ ी नंतर उिचररत आयष्ट्ु य त्या व्यक्तीला सखु ात घालिता येतात . मलु णकिा नातेिाईकां楍या णभकेिर अिलंबनू राहण्याची गरज भासत नाही. परंत ु १ नोव्हेंबर २००५ नंतर सेिेत 셁ज ू झाले쥍या कमचचायांना मात्र १९८२/१९८४ ची णनित्तृ ी िेतन योजना लाग ू पडत नाही . त्यांना निीन “परीभाणसत अंशदान णनितृ ीिेतन योजना “ लाग ू करण्यात आली आहे . या योजनेत कमचचायाच楍या पगारातून १०% िेतन कपात करण्यात येते . या कपात िेतनातनू कमचचायांना णनितृ ीिेतन देण्यात येिार आहे. भणिष्ट्यात णनितृ ीिेतन योजनेचे शासन काय करिार आहे. याणिषयी संभ्रम णनमाचि झाला आहे.

संशोधनाची उणद्दष्टे

या संशोधन अत्राची मांडिी करतांना खालील उणद्दष्ट ठरणिण्यात आली आहेत. १) जन्ु या णनितृ ीिेतन योजनेची माणहती तपासिे. २) निीन णनितृ ीिेतन योजनेची माणहती तपासिे.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ३) निीन णनितृ ीिेतन योजनेचे दष्ट्ु परीिाम तपासिे. ४) जन्ु या ि नव्या णनितृ ीिेतन योजनेची तलु ना करिे. संशोधनाची गहृ ीते या संशोधन पत्रात खालील गहृ ीतांचा समािेश करण्यात आला आहे. १) जनु ी णनितृ ीिेतन योजना म्हातारपिाची आणथचक काठी आहे. २) निीन णनितृ ीिेतन योजना म्हातारपिात त्रासदायेक आहे. ३) शासनाला णनितृ ीिेतन योजना हळूहळू बंद करायेची आहे . ४) शासनाला िेतन खचच कमी करायेचा आहे. संशोधन पद्ती

या संशोधन पत्रात संशोधन करतांना दय्ु यम माणहतीचा िापर करण्यात येिार आहे. आतापायेंत शासनाने णनितृ ीिेतन योजने संबधी िेळोिेळी जे णनिचय घेतले आहेत ते सिच शासन णनिचय ि इतर प्रकाणशत माणहती楍या आधारािर संशोधन करण्यात येिार आहे.

जन्ु या णनितृ ीिेतन योजनेची सरु िात आणि िैणशष्टे

१९८२ पिू ी शासकीय ि णनमशासकीय सेिेत कायचरत असिा앍या कमचचायांना णनितृ ीिेतन योजना लाग ू नव्हती. परंत ु महाराष्ट्र शासनाने “महाराष्ट्र नागरी सेिा (णनितृ ीिेतन) णनयम १९८२ ि महाराष्ट्र नागरी सेिा णनित्तृ ी िेतनाचे णनयम (अशासकीय) १९८४ “ पाररत क셂न शासकीय ि णनमशासकीय कमचचायांना णनितृ ीिेतन योजना लाग ू केली.

णनितृ ीिेतन म्हिजे शासकीय ि णनमशासकीय कमचचा앍याने केले쥍या चांग쥍या िागिुकीबद्दल ि कामणगरीबद्दल त्याला सेिा णनितृ ीनंतर देण्यात येिारी एक रक्कमी माणसक रक्कम होय.

णनयोणजत ियोमानानंतर कमचचायांना साधारिता त्या楍या शेिट楍या पगारा楍या ५०% रक्कम णनित्तृ ी िेतन म्हिनू देण्यात येते. या बरोबरच त्याला णनित्तृ ी उपदान देखील देण्यात येते. हे णनित्तृ ी िेतन दते ांना संबणधत कमचचा앍यािर कोित्याही प्रकारचे दोषारोप पत्र दाखल नसािे. आरोप पत्र दाख असले तरी दोष णसद् होई पयंत त्याला तात्परु त े णनित्तृ ी िेतन देण्यार येते. परंत ु अशा पररणस्थतीत कमचचायाचला सेिा उपदान देण्यात येत नाही. कामाच ारचय् ाचा दोष णसद् झा쥍यास णनितृ ीिेतन परत घेण्यात येते.

णनित्तृ ीिेतनाचे प्रकार

१) मदु त पिू च णनितृ ीिेतन

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 २) स्िे楍छाणनितृ ीिेतन ; या योजने अंतगचत कमचचायाचची सेिेची २० िषच पिू चझा쥍यानंतर णनयक्तु ी अणधका앍यांची सहमती असेल तर स्िे楍छा णनित्तृ ी घेता येते. ३) आजार णनित्तृ ी िेतन योजना ४) सक्तीची णनित्तृ ी िेतन योजना ५) अनकु ं पा णनित्तृ ी िेतन योजना ६) कु टुंब णनित्तृ ी िेतन योजना ; या योजने अंतगचत कमचचायाचचा मत्ृ य ू झा쥍यास कु टुंबातील सदस्यांना(पत्नी, मलु गा, मलु गी) णनितृ ीिेतन देण्यात येते. मलु गा अस쥍यास िया楍या २१ िषच पयंत , मलु गी अस쥍यास िया楍या २४ व्या िषच पयंत णकिा मलु ीचा णििाह होई पयंत. मलु गा णकिा मलु गी मानणसक णिकलांग अस쥍यास जीिन भर त्याला णनित्तृ ी िेतन णमळेल. पररभाणषत णनितृ ीिेतन योजनेची सरु िात आणि िैणशष्टे (DCPS) शासन णनिचय , ि .अंणनयो १००५ /१२६/सेिा -४ मंत्रालय मंबु ई (णद. ३१ ऑक्टोबर २००५ ) या शासन णनिचयानसु ार शासन सेिेत १ नोव्हेंबर २००५ रोजी णकिा त्यानंतर णनयक्तु होिायाच कमचचायाचसाठी सध्या अणस्तत्िात असिा앍या णनित्तृ ी िेतन ऐिजी “परीभाणसत अंशदान णनितृ ीिेतन योजना “ (Defined contribution pension Scheem )लाग ू करण्यात आली. या णनितृ ीिेतन योजनेनसु ार महाराष्ट्र नागरी सेिा णनयम १९८२ ि १९८४ ही योजना १ नोव्हेंबर २००५ नंतर णनयक्तु कमचचायांना लाग ू होिार नाही. DCPS चे ठळक िैणशष्टे

१ ) निीन णनितृ ीिेतन योजनेस “ परीभाणसत अंशदान णनितृ ीिेतन योजना “ (Defined contribution Pension Scheem ) असे संबोधण्यात येईल. २ ) ही योजना १ नोव्हेंबर २००५ पासनू लाग ू करण्यात येईल. ३) निीन परीभाणसत णनितृ ीिेतन योजना २००५ रोजी णकिा त्यानंतर सेिेत 셁ज ू होिारया सिच कमचचायांना अणनिायच ठरेल. ४) निीन णनितृ ीिेतन योजना अंशदानािर आधाररत असेल आणि या योजनेत दोन स्तर असतील. ५ ) स्तर १ अंतगचत शासकीय कमचचा앍यास त्या楍या मळू िेतन ि महागाई िेतन अणधक महागाई भत्ता या रक्कमे楍या १०% इतके माणसक अंशदान ध्यािे लागेल . ही रक्कम प्रत्येक मणहन्यात कमचचायाच楍या िेतन दये कातनू िजा क셂न घेतले जाईल. रा煍यशासन देखील समतु쥍य अंशदान देईल . ही अंशदाने आणि गंतु ििकु ीिरील प्राप्ती楍या रक्कमा आहरीत न करण्यायोग्य (Non –Withdrawable )असतील . ६ ) स्तर- २ अंतगचत कमचचारी त्याची इ楍छा अस쥍यास णनितृ ीिेतन स्तर-१ खात्याव्याणतररक्त “ स्िेणछक स्तर-२ आहरियोग्य (Withdrawable) खाते उघडू शकतो . या स्ितंत्र खात्यात कमच ा앍यांच े अंशदान जमा केले जाईल. आणि शासकीय

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 कमचचा앍यास त्यातील रक्कमा काढून घेण्याचा णिक쥍प उपलब्ध असेल. तथाणप शासन या खात्यात कोितेही अंशदान जमा करिार नाही . ७ ) णनयत ियोमान पूिच झा쥍यानंतर (५८ िषच /६० िषच ) निीन णनितृ ीिेतन योजने楍या स्तर १ मधनू बाहेर पडता येईल . परंत ु यातनू बाहेर पडतांना त्या楍या खात्यात जमा एकू न रक्कमे楍या ४०% िाणषचकी (Annuity ) खरेदी करण्यासाठी गंतु णििे अणनिायच असेल. या ४०% िषीकीतनू संबंणधत कमचचा앍यास णकिा त्या楍या िारसास जीिनभर णनितृ ीिेतन देण्याची व्यिस्था करण्यात येईल.उिचररत ६०% रक्कम संबंणधत शासकीय कमचचा앍यास प्रदान करण्यात येईल. त्या रकमेचा णिणनयोग कोित्याही प्रकारे करण्याचे स्ितंत्र असेल.

कमचचा앍यास णनयत ियोमानापिु ी णनितृ ीिेतन योजना सोडून देण्याची मभु ा असेल. परंत ु अशा प्रकारनी खरेदी कराियाची अणनिायच िाणशचकी (Annuity ) एकू न जमा रक्कमे楍या ८०% असेल.

जन्ु या ि नव्या णनितृ ीिेतन योजनेतील फरक

१) जन्ु या णनित्तृ ीिेतन योजनेला महाराष्ट्र नागरी सेिा १९८२ णनित्तृ ी िेतन योजना म्हितात. तर नव्या णनित्तृ ी िेतन योजनेला “पररभाणषत अंशदान णनित्तृ ीिेतन योजना “ म्हितात.

२) जन्ु या णनित्तृ ीिेतन योजनेमध्ये कमच ा앍यां楍या िेतनातनू रक्कम कपात करण्यात येत नाही. तर नव्या योजनेमध्ये णनित्तृ ी िेतनासाठी १०% रक्कम कमच ा앍यां楍या िेतनातनू कपात करण्यात येते.

३) जन्ु या योजनेमध्ये भिीस्य णनिाचह णनधी (GPF) योजना लाग ू आहे , तर निीन योजनेमध्ये भणिष्ट्य णनिाचह णनधी (GPF) योजना लाग ू नाही.

४) जन्ु या योजनेत सेिा उपदान (Grauity) योजना लाग ू आहे. तर नव्या योजनेत सेिा उपदान (Grauity) योजना लाग ू नाही.

५) जन्ु या योजनेमध्ये णनित्तृ ी िेतनाथच णनश्चीत णकती रक्कम प्रत्येक मणहन्याला णमळिार याची णनश्चीत माणहती असते. तर नव्या योजनेत णनित्तृ ी िेतनाथच प्रत्येक मणहन्याला णकती रक्कम णमळेल याची णनश्चीत माणहती नाही.

६) जनु ी णनित्तृ ी िेतन योजना कमचचा앍या楍या सामाणजक ि आणथचक क쥍यािात िाढ करिारी आहे. तर निी योजना कमचचा앍या楍या सामाणजक ि आणथचक क쥍यािात घट करिारी आहे.

७) जनु ी णनित्तृ ी िेतन योजना क쥍यािकारक आहे तर निीन योजना अन्यायकारक आहे.

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१) केंद्र सरकारने जन्ु या णनितृ ीिेतन योजनेचा गांभीयाचन े णिचार क셂न सिच कमचचायांना लाग ू करािी.

२) निीन णनितृ ीिेतन (dcps) योजनेद्वारे क쥍यािकारी रा煍याची स्थापना करता येिार नाही. म्हिनू सरकारने क쥍यािकारी रा煍याचे उणद्दस्त साध्य करण्यासाठी १९८२ ची जनु ी णनित्तृ ी िेतन योजना लाग ू करािी.

३) निीन सेिा णनित्तृ ी िेतन योजने मध्ये सेिा उपदान (Grauity) योजना लाग ू करािी.

४) महाराष्ट्र शासनाने इतर रा煍याप्रमािे महाराष्ट्रातील सिच कमच ायांनाजनु ी णनित्तृ ी िेतन योजना लाग ू करािी.

५) निीन DCPS योजना बंद करािी.

६) लोकप्रणतणनधींना देण्यात येिारे णनित्तृ ी िेतन बंद क셂न कमचचायांना लाग ू करािी.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 u;h vkSj iqjkuh isa”ku O;oLFkk izk- ikSf.kZek g- jkgkaxMkys (xzaFkiky) dyk o okf.kT; egkfo|ky; is-iai tokgj uxj Bk.kk HkaMkjk] (egkjk’V jkT;) Email:[email protected] izLrkouk%& iqjkru dky ls gh euq’; lkekftd izk.kh gSA mldh lkekftd O;oLFkk lqpk# #i ls pyus ds fy, dbZ ra= fod”khr gq,A jktra=] iztkra=] ljatke “kkgh] gqdqe”kkgh] y’dj “kkgh vkSj dchykbZ O;oLFkk ljhds vusd ra= le; ds xrh ds vuqlkj fodlhr gq, vkSj foyqIr Hkh gq,A ;g lHkh ra= lqpk# #i ls pykus ds fy, dq”ky euq’;cy dh t#jr iMrh gS mUgsa vkt orZeku le; ij “kkldh; deZpkjh dgrs gSA ns”k ds flekvksa dh lqj{kk] ns”k dh vkarjhd “kkarh vkSj lq”kklu pykus okys deZpkjh U;k;] O;oLFkk] LokLFk O;oLFkk] f”k{kk O;oLFkk] jktLo O;oLFkk] d`’kh vkSj reke O;oLFkk;sa tks ns”k dh ,drk] v[kaMrk] “kkarh] le`/nh] ln~Hkko vkSj dbZ O;oLFkk;sa lqpk# #i ls pykus ds fy, ;ksX; deZpkjh;ksadh t#jr iMrh gSA

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 isa”ku ;kstuk can djus dk dkyk dkjukek rks dj fn;k] ysdhu bu vrh gq”kkj jktusrkvksa us vius fy, ek= iqjkuh isa”ku O;oLFkk dk;e j[khA deZpkjh viuk Je vkSj lsok “kklu dks nsdj lUekutd fparkeqDr mnj fuokZg ds fy, osru vkSj isa”ku ikrs gSA ysdhu jktusrk rks lektlsok ds fy, jktdkj.k esa vkrs gSA deZpkjhvksa dks in ds vuqdqy “kS{kf.kd vkSj “kkjhjhd lqn`

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 dks ;g lc lqfo/kk,aWa nsus ds fy, “kkldh; deZpkjh loksZRre dk;Z djrs gSA vius dk;Zdky esa fu;ehr izfrekg feyus okys osru esa larq’V jgrs gS vkSj fuo`Rrh ds ckn feyus okyh isa”ku ls fuo`Rrh ds ftou mRrjk/kZ ds izrh fparkeqDr jgrs gSA tks deZpkjh larq’V vkSj fparkeqDr gks rks viuk dk;Z bZekunkjh] ltxrk vkSj dq”kyrk ls djrk gSA ftlls “kklu vkSj turk ds fgr dk;Z xrh”khyrk vkSj lqpk# #i ls gksrs gSA ysdhu “kkldksa us 2003 ds ckn fu;qDr gksus okys deZpkjh;ksa dh isa”ku can dj muds okthc vf/kdkjksa ij dqBkj?kkr fd;k gSA tc deZpkjh vius mRrjk/kZ ftou ds fy, fparkeqDr vkSj orZeku ds fy, larq’V u gks rks og viuk dk;Z dq”kyrk o xrh”khyrk dSls dj ik;saxsA “kkldh; dkeksa dh xrh”khyrk vkSj xq.koRrk ugh jgus ls turk ds fgr ck/khr gksdj ra= ds izrh turk esa tuvkdzks”k QSyus dh vk”kadk lnk cuh jgsxhA

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 jk’Vªh; isa”ku iz.kkYkh ds YkkHk vkSj lqj{kk

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ,uih,l [kkrk %&

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ,uih,l ds lHkh vfHknkrkvksa ds vfHkYks[kksds j[kj[kko vkSj xzkgd lsok dk;Z uW”kuYk flD;qfjVh fMikWftVjh fYkesVsM Onkjk laHkkYks tkrs gSA tks ,uih,l ds fYk, dsanzh; vfHkYks[k ds fYk, dsanzh; vfHkYks[k j[kj[kko dsanz ds :Ik esa dk;Z djrk gSA

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1 ikjnf”kZrk %& ,uih,l ikjn”khZ vkSj Ykkxr iz.kkYkh gSA ftlesa isa”ku ds va”knku dk fuos”k isa”ku fuf/k ;kstukvks fd;k tkrk gS vkSj deZpkjh nSfud vk/kkjij fuos”k dk ewY; tku ldrk gSA 2 vklu izfØ;k %& lHkh vHkhnkrkvks dks vius uksMYk dk;kZYk; es [kkrk [kksYkuk gksrk gSA vkSj ,d LFkk;h fuo`Ÿkh [kkrk la[;k Yksuk gksrk gSA ,uih,l ds :Yk cgwr vklkuh ls tk ldrs gSA ;g vU; bUkosLVesaV dh rjg dkWEkIYkhdsVsM ugh gSA bles ,d ijeauV vdkmaV uacj fn;k tkrk gSA ftlds tfj; vlkuh ls bls bl ,uih,l ls tqMk tk ldrk gSA

3 iksVsZcYk Ldhe %& ,uih,l dh izfØ;k lqxe ,oae lqpk: gSA blesa feYks izku uacj ds dkj.k lHkh fØ;k;s vklku ,oa NksVh gks tkrh gSA ;g izku uacj fQDl gksrk gSAizR;sd deZpkjh dks ,d fof”k’V la[;k igpkuk tkrk gS vkSj mldh vYkx ihvkj,u gksrh gSA tks dh iksVsZcYk gksrk gSA vFkkZr ;g deZpkjh ds fdlh vU; dk;kZYk; esa LFkkukarjhr gks.ks ij Hkh leku cuh jgrh gSA

4 ,uih,l dk l™pkYku %& ,uih,l dh ;g izfØ;k isa”ku QaM fu;ked ,oa fodkl izkf/kdj.k dh ns[kjs[k esa pYkrh gSA lHkh laHko tkudkjh ih,Qvkj,fM, ls Yks tk ldrh gSA ,uih,l dk fofu;keu ikjn”khZ fuos”k ekudks ds lkFk ih,QvkjfM, Onkjk rFkk ,uih,l U;kl Onkjk fuf/k izca/kd dh fu;fer fuxjkuh vkSj fu’iknu lfe{kk ds lkFk fd;k tkrk gSA

VWSDl YkkHk %&

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 176

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 orZeku esa fV;j ,d [kkrs esa fd, x, va”knku ds fYk, dj mipkj esa NwV gSA NwV izkIr dj vFkkZr laiw.kZ vfHknku jkf”kij 1-00 Ykk[k :- fd lhek rd ldYk dqYk vk; ls dVkSrh dh ik=rk gSA /kkjk 80 lh ds vuqlkj ftUgs le; le; ij la”kksf/kr fd;k tkrk gSA

fVvj dh rgr ;ksxnku ij dksbZ VWDl ubZ gSA Yksfdu 60 o’kZ ds ckn feYkusokYkh isa”ku VWDlcYk gSA

;g ;kstuk Hkfo’; fu/kh ds :Ik es lClØkbcj dks vkfFkZd :ils vkRefuHkZj cukrh gSA vkt ds oDr es a egaxkbZ dks ns[krs gq, ;g ,d YkkHkizn ,ao ljYk ;kstuk gS vkSj bls chuk fdlh vf/kd Hkkx nkSM ds lqpk: j[k ldrk gSA

xSjljdkjh Ykksxks ds fy, ljdkj Onkjk LokoYkacu ;kstuk dk izko/kku yk;kx;k FkkA ysfdu buesa dbZ dfe;k gks.ks ds dkj.k vVy isa”ku ;kstuk Ykk;k x;k gSA vkt ns”k dbZ yksx blesa tqM x, gSA bls vkSj Hkh dkjxkj cukus ds fy, lHkh dks bl ;kstuk ls tqMuk pkfg,A

ljdkjOnkjk dbZ chek ikWfylh Hkh ykbZ xbZ gSA ftlds rgr Hkh vke turk Qk;nk mBk ldrk gSA vr% ge lHkh dks bl rjQ tkx:d gksrs gq, isa”kuLdhe ,ao chek ikWfylh ysuk pkfg, rkdh orZeku ,ao Hkfo’; lqjf{kr gks ldsA

lkekU;rg Hkjr esa fjVk;jesaV dh vk;q 60 ls 65 o’kZ gSA ysfdu Hkfo’; esa bls c

lanHkZ %&

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2 djfudk] U;w uW”kuYk] 23 vkWxLV 2018 3 uoHkkjr VkbZEl] 14 uksaOgsacj 2018

4 esxk okf’kZdkad bvj cqd] fOnrh; vko`rh] fn”kk iCYkhds”ku] ubZ fnYYkh] 2018

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 177

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 u;h isa”ku & ljdkjh deZpkjh dh nqnZ”kk

izk- MkW- eerk vkj lkgq Loa olarjko dksYgVdj dyk egkfo|ky;] jksg.kk] Rkk- vkohZ ft- o/kkZ

iS”ku dk igyk gd ljdkjh deZpkjh dk gksrk gSA rkdh og cqqB cksyk tk jgk gS dh ljdkjh frtksjh es iSlk ugh gS vxj ljdkjh deZ pkfj;ksa ds fy;s iSlk ugh gS! rks fo/kk;=ks vkSj lkalnks ds fy, isa”ku vkSj HkRrk ds fy, iSlk dgk ls vkrk gS

ßmRre josrh] e/;e O;kikj vkSj fue uksdjh ;g dgkor 50 o’kZ igys lgh Fkh ysdhu vc gj dksbZ ukSdjh dks iz/kkurk nsrk gS A vkSj ;g dgkor dk Lo:Ik vc bl izdkj gksx;k gS ßmRre uksdjh ] ek/;e O;kikj vkSj fuEe

[ksrh gSA ljdkj us 2004 ds ckn iqjkuh isa”ku ;kstuk can dj mlds txg u;h isa”ku ;kstuk lq: dh x;h gS A O;Drh ukSdjh dks blyh, iz/kkurk nsrk Fkk dh uksdjh lsok ls fuo`Rr gksus ds i”pkr mls lsok fuo`Rrh osru feyrk gS ftl rjg thou chek fuxe dh ^thou ds lkFk Hkh vkSj thou ds ckn ^ Hkh ikWyhlh gS Bhsd mlh izdkj uksdjh is”kk oxZ ;g lkspdj gh lek/kku djrk Fkk dh mls lsok ls fuo`Rrh gksuss ds ckn mls lsok fuo`Rrh osru izkIr gkasxk ! ysdhu ;g lHkh ykHk 2004 ds ckn fu;qDr dh;s x;s yksxsk dks ykxq ugh gksaxs vc bldh txg u;h isa”ku ;kstuk ykxq dh xbZ ;kW es bl txg u;h ias”ku ;kstuk ykxq dh x;h- ljdkjh uksdj vkSj fo/kk;d lkaln buds lsok fuo`Rrh osru dh rqyuk %

,d ckj lkaln cu x;s rks mudh vkxs dh fiksad nsrk gS mlh lkekU; O;Drh dks ljdkj us iqjkuh isa”ku ls oafpr dj fn;kA iwjkuh isa”ku dh tkxg u;h ias”ku ;kstuk “kq# dh x;h gS! ;g u;h ias”ku ;kstuk bruh vPNh gS mlds brus Qk;ns vxj gS rks ;g Qk;nk gekjs ns”k dsa usrkvks dks Hkh feyuk pkgh,sA mUgsa D;ks iqjkuh isa”ku ds varxZr ykHk fn;s tkrs gS ! bu lkaln vkSj fo/kk;dks us 60 lky dh lsok ds ckn ukSdjh is”kk oxZ dkss fueZe cktkj ds gokys dj fn;k ftlesa jkst gh mrkj p

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 178

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 D;ksa dh usrk rks turk dh lsok dsfy;s vkrk gSA iqjkuh isa”ku gekjk vf/kdkj gS A gesa fHk[k ugh gekjk vf/kdkj pkgh,s A gekjks ns”k esa dY;k.k dkjh jkT; dh dYiuk gS A vkSj ns”k ds 80 Qhlnh lkaln djksMks vkSj vitks :i;s ds ekyhd gS mUgsa isa”ku dh D;k t:jr gS!

Ekkynkj lkalnks vkSj fo/kk;dksa dks fdl vk/kkj ij iaas”ku nh tk;s A usrk gh ns”kds lcds cMsa lsod gS A lkaln vkSj fo/kk;d pquko ls ugha thr ikrs rks mUkds thou dk fopkj dj D;k ykasxks ds iSlks ls mUgsa lqfo/kk;s nh tk;s A ns”kds djnkrkavksa dk iSlk bu yksxksij [kpZ dh;k tkrk gS A laiUu D;fDra;ks dks vkSj laiUu cuk;k tk jgk gS! igys fo/kk;d ;k lkaln dks isa”ku rHkh feyrh Fkh tc og 4 o’kZ rd lsok esa jgk gks fQj bleas cnyko dh;k x;k vkSj vc lkaln vkSj fo/kk;d ,d fnu ds fy, Hkh vxj lkaln cu tk; rks og bu lHkh lqfo/kk dk ykHk ls ldrk gSA Lkakln vkSj fo/kk;dksa dks nh tkus okyh lqfo/kk %&

1½ gj efguk 20]000 #- lsokfuo`Rrh osru

2½ ,d fnu Hkh lkaln vkSj fo/kk;d mlsa ;g lHkh lsokvksds ykHk izkIr gksaxs

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4½ lkaln vkSj fo/kk;d dks QWfeyh ias”ku gS

5½ ;k++=k eas lqfo/kk vdsys ;k=k eas First Ac dh lqfo/kk

6½ 99% fo/kk;d ;s lqfo/kkvks us eksgrkt ugh gS Qhj Hkh mUgs ;g lqfo/kka, fn tkrh gSA fu’d’kZ %&

NPS ds ts vdkmUV [kkasyks x;s gS ml ij Hkh iz”u fpUg fuekZ.k gks x;k gS\ de ls de gekjs tks iSls tek gks jgs gS mldh lqjf{krrk ds vklkj gesa fn[kkbZ ugha ns jgs A ukSdjh ls fuo`Rr gksus ds i”pkr mls 1500 ls 2000# isa”ku feysaxs ;g mlds gh dekbZ esa dh Hkhd mlds cq

1½ https%//vavbharttimes.indiatimes.com

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 179

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 2) https%//hindi.news18.com/news 3) www.ukrs.in/u;h ias”ku- 4½ u;h isa”ku ;kstuk o iqjkuh isa”ku ;kstuk esa f”k{kd O;Fkk shikshakvyatha.blogspot.com

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 180

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk ,oe~ u;h isa'ku ;kstuk esa vaUrj

MkW- izfo.k ,e- panzfxjhokj lgk;d izk/;kid ¼okf.kT; foHkkx½ HkoHkwfr egkfo|ky; vkexkao] ftYgk&xksafn;k 441902 lkjka'k &

iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk ¼1982&84½ vkSj 1 vizSy 2005 ls ykxw U;w isa'ku Ldhe ¼,uih,l½ ds fojks/k esa cgqr ppkZ la?k"kZ gks jgk gSA iqjkuh isa'ku Ldhe esa th-ih-,Q- lqfo/kk miyC/k gSA fjVk;jesaV ds le; ,d fuf'pr isa'ku gS lsokdky esa e`R;q ij MsFk xzsP;qVh feyrh gS th-ih-,Q- ls vklkuh ls yksu ysus dh lqfo/kk gS U;w isa'ku Ldhe txg iqjkuh O;oLFkk dks ykxw fd;k tk,] rkfd fjVk;jesaV ds ckn deZpkjh ds ifjokj dk Hkfo"; lqfuf'pr gk ldsA budk fojks/k eq[; #i ls ubZ isa'ku Ldhe dh 'ks;j ekdZsV ij vk/kkfjr O;oLFkk dks ysdj gSA U;w isa'ku Ldhe ,d E;qP;qvy QaM dh rjg gS iqjkuh vkSj ubZ isa'ku Ldhe esa varj vkSj D;k gSa fojks/k ds dkj.k D;k gSa fups Li"V fd;k gSaA izLrkouk&

iqjkuh isa'ku Ldhe bl Ldhe ds fy;s th-ih-,Q- lqfo/kk miyC/k gSA iqjkuh isa'ku ds fy, osru ls dksbZ dVkSrh ugha gksrh gS iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk esa fjVk;jesaV ds le; ,d fuf'pr isa'ku ¼vfUre osru dk 50%½ dh X;kjsaUVh gS iqjkuh isa'ku ljdkj nsrh gS iqjkuh isa'ku ikus okyksa ds fy, fjVk;jesaV ij xzsP;qVh ¼vafUre osru ds vuqlkj 16-5 ekg dk osru½ feyrk gS iqjkuh isa'ku okyksa dks lsokdky es e`R;q ij MsFk xzsP;qVh feyrh gS iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk okyksa ds fy, th-ih-,Q-ls vklkuh ls yksu ysus ds lqfo/kk gSA uS'kuy isa'ku Ldhe bl Ldhe ds rgr dksbZ Hkh ljdkjh deZpkjh vius dk;Zdky ds nkSjku ,d issa'ku vdkmaV esa fuos'k dj ldrk gSA fjVk;j gksus ij [kkrk/kkjd viuh ,d eq'r jde esa ls dqN fgLlk fudky ldrk gS vkSj ckdh /kujkf'k ls dksbZ okf"kZd Iyku [kjhn ldrk gSa ftlesa eghus dh fu;fer vk; dh O;oLFkk gks ldsaA iqjkuh isa'ku O;oLFkk vkSj ubZ isa'ku O;oLFkk fd tkudkjh&

• iqjkuh isa'ku O;oLFkk 1- iqjkuh isa'ku O;oLFkk dk 'ks;j ekdZsV ls dksbZ laca/k ugha FkkA 2- iqjkuh isa'ku esa gj lky Mh-,-tksM+k tkrk FkkA 3- iqjkuh isa'ku O;oLFkk esa xkjaVh Fkh fd deZpkjh;k vf/kdkjh dh vkf[kjh lSyjh dk yxHkx vk/kk mls isa'ku ds rkSj ij feysxkA 4- vxj fdlh dh vkf[kjh lWyjh 50 gtkj gS rks mls 25 gtkj isa'ku feyrh Fkh blds vykok gj lky feyusokyk Mh, vkSj osru vk;ksx ds rgr o`f/n dh lqfo/kk FkhA 5- ukSdjh djus okys O;fDr dk thih,Q vdkmaV [kksyk tkrk FkkA 6- thih,Q ,dkmaV esa deZpkjh ds eqy osru dk 10 fQlnh dVkSrh djds tek fd;k tkrk FkkA

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 181

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 7- tc og fjVk;j gksrk Fkk rks mls thih,Q esa tek dqy jkf'k dk Hkqxrku gksrk FkkA 8- ljdkj dh rjQ ls vkthou isa'ku feyrh FkhA • ubZ isa'ku O;oLFkk 1- 1 vizSy 2005 ls ykxw gqbZ U;w isa'ku Ldhe ¼,uih,l½ 2- U;w isa'ku Ldhe ,d E;qP;qvy QaM dh rjg gS ;s 'ks;j ekdZsV ij vk/kkfjr O;oLFkk gSA 3- iqjkuh isa'ku dh rjg bles isa'ku esa gj lky Mh, ugh tksM+k tkrkA 4- dksbZ xkjaVh ugh gS fd deZpkjh ;k vf/kdkjh dh vkf[kjh lWyjh dk yxHkx vk/kk gh mls isa'ku ds rkSj ij feysA

5- ,uih,l ds rgr tks VksVy vekmaV gS] mldk 40 izfr'kr 'ks;j ekdZsV esa yxk;k tkrk gSA 6- deZpkjh ;k vf/kdkjh ftl fnu og fjVk;j gksrk gS ml fnu tSlk 'ks;j ekdZsV gksxk] ml fglkc ls mls 60 izfr'kr jkf'k feysxh ckdh ds 40 izfr'kr ds fy, mls isa'ku Iyku ysuk gksxkA

7- isa'ku Iyku ds vk/kkj ij mldh isa'ku fu/kkZfjr gksxhA 8- ubZ O;oLFkk esa deZpkjh dk thih,Q ,dkmaV candj fn;k x;k gSA u;h isa'ku ij vkSj tkudkjh ubZ isa'ku Ldhe ds rgr fu;qDr dsanzhy; dfeZ;ksa ds fy, jkgr okyh [kcj gS mUgs Hkh iqjkus isa'kujksa dh rjg fjVk;jesaV vkSj MsFk xzsP;qVh dk ykHk feysxkA ubZ isa'ku Ldhe ykxw gksus ds ckn r; ugha Fkk fd blds rgr fu;qDr dfeZ;ksa dks xzsP;qVh feysxh ;k ughaA bl ij vleatl dh fLFkfr cuh gqbZ Fkh ysdhu vc bl ckcr Li"V #i ls fn'kk&funZs'k tkjh dj fn, x, gS vkSj dgk x;k gS fd ubZ isa'ku Ldhe ls vkPNkfnr deZpkjh Hkh fjVk;jesaV xzsP;qVh vkSj MsFk xzsP;qVh ds fy, vgZ gksaxsA dsanzh; foHkkxksa esa ftudh fu;qDr ,d tuojh 2004 ;k mlds ckn gqbZ gS] os deZpkjh ubZ isa'ku Ldhe esa 'kkfey gSA ubZ isa'ku Ldhe ykxw gksus ds ckn deZpkfj;ksa ds fy, lkekU; Hkfo"; fuf/k ¼thih,Q½ dh O;oLFkk lekIr dj nh xbZ gSA ,sls deZpkfj;ksa ds osru ls vc thih,Q dh dVkSrh ugha dh tkrh gsA osru ls flQZ isa'ku QaM ds fy, dVkSrh gksrh gSA ubZ isa'ku uhfr ykxw gksus ij dbZ fnuksa rd ;g Hkh Li"V ugha gks ldk fd deZpkfj;ksa dks thih,Q dk ykHk feysxk ;k ugha ysfdu ckn esa fLFkfr lkQ dh xbZ vkSj r; gqvk fd osru ls flQZ isa'ku QaM ds fy, dVkSrh dh tk,xhA thih,Q dk ykHk mUgsa ugha feysxkA blh rjg xzsP;qVh dks ysdj Hkh vc rd mgkiksg dh fLFkfr cuh gqbZ FkhA ubZ isa'ku Ldhe ykxw gksus ds ckn dgha Hkh Li"V ugha fd;k x;k Fkk fd bl Ldhe ds rgr fu;qDr deZpkfj;ksa dks xzsP;qVh feysxh ;k ugha ysfdu vc dsanzh; isa'ku ,oa isa'kulZ dY;k.k foHkkx us fn'kk&funZs'k tkjh djrs gq, fLFkfr Li"V dj nh gS] ftlds eqrkfcd ljdkj us fu.kZ; fy;k gS fd ubZ isa'ku Ldhe ls vkPNkfnr deZpkjh Hkh lsaVªy flfoy lfoZl ¼isa'ku½ #y] 1972 ls vPNkfnr deZpkfj;ksa dh rjg fjVk;jesaV xzsP;qVh vkSj MsFk xzsP;qVh* ds gdnkj gksaxsA ;kuh ubZ isa'ku Ldhe ds rgr fu;qDr dfeZ;ksa dks Hkh xzsP;qVh feysxhA tkfu, D;k gS iqjkuh vkSj ubZ isa'ku Ldhe esa varj vkSj D;k gSa fojks/k ds dkj.k&

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 gekjs cgqr ls lkFkh u;h isa'ku ;kstuk o iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk esa vUrj ugha tkurs vkt eSa vki dks bldk vUrj Li"V djus dh dksf'k'k d#xk¡A fojks/k bu ckrksa ij gS rks vkb, ns[krs gSa nksuksa esa vUrj& 1- iqjkuh isa'ku ikus okyksa ds fy, th-ih-,Q- lqfo/kk miyC/k gS tcfd u;h isa'ku ;kstuk esa th-ih-,Q-ugha gSA 2- iqjkuh isa'ku ds fy, osru ls dksbZ dVkSrh ugha gksrh gS tcfd u;h isa'ku ;kstuk esa osru ls izfr ekg 10 % dh dVkSrh fu/kkZfjr gSA 3- iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk esa fjVk;jesaUV ds le; ,d fuf'pr isa'ku ¼vfUre osru dk 50 ½ dj xkjs.Vh gS tcfd % u;h is'ku ;kstuk esa isa'ku fdruh feysxh ;g fuf'pr ugha gS ;g iwjh rjg 'ks;j ekdZsV o chek dEiuh ij fuHkZj gSA 4- iqjkuh isa'ku ljdkj nsrh gS tcfd u;h isa'ku chek dEiuh nsxhA ;fn dksbZ leL;k vkrh gS rks ges ljdkj ls ugha cfYd chek dEiuh ls yM+uk iMs+xkA 5- iqjkuh isa'ku ikus okyksa ds fy, fjVk;jesaV ij xzsP;qVh ¼vfUre osru ds vuqlkj 16-5 ekg dk osru½ feyrk gS tcfd u;h isa'ku okyksa ds fy;s xzsP;qVh dh O;oLFkk ljdkj us gky gh esa dh gS ftldh tkudkjh Hkh uhps miyC/k gSA 6- iqjkuh isa'ku okyksa dks lsokdky esa e`R;q ij MsFk xzsP;qVh feyrh gS tks 7is deh'ku us 10 yk[k ls c<+kdj 20 yk[k dj fn;k gS tcfd u;h isa'ku okyksa ds fy, MsFk xzsP;qVh dh lqfo/kk vHkh gky gh esa dh x;h gSA 7- iqjkuh isa'ku esa vkus okys yksxksa dks lsokdky esa e`R;q gksus ij muds ifjokj dks ikfjokfjd isa'ku feyrh gS tcfd u;h isa'ku ;kstuk esa ikfjokfjd isa'ku dks lekIr dj fn;k x;k gS] ysfdu ljdkj bl ij Hkh fopkj dj jgh gS] dqNA 8- iqjkuh isa'ku ikusokyksa dks gj N% ekg ckn egWaxkbZ rFkk osru vk;ksxksa dk ykHk Hkh feyrk gS tcfd u;h isa'ku esa fQDl isa'ku feysxh egWaxkbZ ;k osru vk;ksx dk ykHk ugh feysxk ;g gekjs le> ls lcls cM+h gkfu gSA 9- iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk okyksa ds fy, th-ih-,Q- ls vklkuh ls yksu ysus dh lqfo/kk gS tcfd u;h isa'ku ;kstuk esa yksu dh dksbZ lqfo/kk ugh gS ¼fo'ks"k ifjfLFkfr esa dfBu izfdz;k gS dsoy rhu ckj og Hkh fjQ.Mscy½A 10- iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk esa th-ih-,Q-fudklh ¼fjVk;jesaV ds le;½ ij dksbZ vk;dj ugha nsuk iM+rki tcfd u;h isa'ku esa tc fjVk;jesaV ij tks tks va'knku dk 60 okil feysxk mlij vk;dj yxsxkA % 11- th-ih-,Q-ij C;kt nj fuf'pr gS tcfd ,u-ih-,l-iwjh rjg 'ks;j ij vk/kkfjr gSA 12- iqjkuh isa'ku O;oLFkk ubZ O;oLFkk dh rjg 'ks;j cktkj ij vkfJr ugha gS fygktk mlesa tksf[ke ugha FkkA 13- U;w isa'ku Ldhe ykxw gksus ds 14 lky ckn Hkh ;g O;oLFkk vHkh rd iVjh ij ugha vk ldh gSA 14- ubZ Ldhe esa dksbZ xkjaVh ugha gS fd deZpkjh ;k vf/kdkjh dh vkf[kjh lSyjh dk yxHkx vk/kk gh mls isa'ku ds rkSj ij feys- D;ksafd 'ks;j cktkj ls phtsa r; gks jgh gSA 15- ubZ O;oLFkk ds rgr 10 izfr'kr deZpkjh vkSj 10 izfr'kr ljdkj nsrh gS ysfdu tks ljdkj dk 10 izfr'kr dk ctV gS ogh iwjk ugha gSA

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 16- eku yhft, ;wih esa ekStwnk le; esa 13 yk[k deZpkjh gS vxj mudh vkSlr lSyjh fudkyh tk, rks og 25 gtkj ds vklikl gS- bl fglkc ls deZpkjh dk 2500 #i;a va'knku gS ysfdu bruk gh va'knku ljdkj dks Hkh djuk gS- eksVs rkSj ij ljdkj ds Åij dbZ gtkj djksM+ dk Hkkj vk,xkA ysfdu ljdkj ds ikl blds fy, ctV gh ugha gSA 17- ubZ O;oLFkk ds rgr eku yhft, fxj fdlh dh isa'ku 2000 fu/kkZfjr gks xbZ rks og isa'ku mls vkthou feysxh- mlesa dksbZ mrkj&p<+ko ugha gksxkA iqjkuh O;oLFkk esa ,slk ugha Fkk mles gj lky Mh, vkSj osru vk;ksx ds rgr o`f/n dh lqfo/kk FkhA 18- fojks/k 'ks;j ekdZsV vk/kkfjr O;oLFkk dks ysdj gS deZpkfj;ksa dk dguk gS fd eku yhft, fd ,d deZpkjh ,d yk[k #i;s tek djrk gS ftl fnu o fjVk;j gksrk gS ml fnu 'ks;j ekdZsV esa mlds ,d yk[k dk ewY; 10 gtkj gS rks mls 6 gtkj #i;s feyasxs vkSj ckdh 4 gtkj esa mls fdlh Hkh chek daiuh ls isa'ku Ldhe ysuh gksxh- blesa dksbZ xkjaVh ugha gSA 19- igys tks O;oLFkk Fkh] mlesa ukSdjh djusokys O;fDr dk thih,Q vdkmaV [kksyk tkrk Fkk mlesa deZpkjh ds ewy osru dk 10 Qhlnh dVkSrh djds tek fd;k tkrk FkkA tc og fjVk;j gksrk Fkk rks mls thih,Q esa tek dqy jkf'k dk Hkqxrku gksrk Fkk vkSj ljdkj dh rjQ ls vkthou isa'ku feyrh FkhA ubZ O;oLFkk esa thih,Q vdkmaV can dj fn;k x;k gS fu"d"kZ ,oe~ f'kQkjl& 1 vizSy 2005 ls ykxw U;w isa'ku Ldhe ¼,uih,l½ dh txg iqjkuh O;oLFkk dks ykxw fd;k tk,] rkfd fjVk;jesaV ds ckn deZpkjh ds ifjokj dk Hkfo"; lqfuf'pr gks lds- budk fojks/k eq[; #i ls ubZ isa'ku Ldhe dh 'ks;j ekdZsV ij vk/kkfjr O;oLFkk dks ysdj gSA U;w isa'ku Ldhe ,d E;qP;qvj QaM dh rjg gS ftlls deZpkfj;ksa dks dksbZ Qk;nk ugha gks jgk gSA 1 tuojh 2004 dks tc dsanz ljdkjus iqjkuh O;oLFkk dks [kRe dj ubZ O;oLFkk ykxw dh ,d ckr lkQ Fkh fd vxj jkT; pkgsa rks bls vius ;gka ykxw dj ldrs gSA if'pe caxky esa vkt Hkh iqjkuh O;oLFkk ;s ykxw gSA lanHkZ&

1. www.govemployees.in 2. www.hindi.news18.com 3. www.hindififinace.com 4. www.navbharttimeindiatimes.com

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isU'ku ;kstuk vkf.k lkekftd lqjf{krrk

MkW- Hkkjrh lqn’kZu xksLokeh] lgk;d izk/;kid Jh fudsru dyk&okf.kT; egkfo|ky;] ukxiwj bZ&esy% [email protected] izLRkkouk%& izR;sd O;fDr lektkpk ,d ?kVd vkgs- izR;sdkyk lkekftd lqjf{krrk feGfo.;kpk vf/kdkj vkgs- lkekftd lqjf{krrk gh ljdkj}kjs v’kh jkcfo.;kr ;s.kkjh ,d in~/krh vkgs T;kr ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kauk ekSfnzd lgk¸;rk iznku dsyh tkrs- T;kauk vi;kZIr mRiUu vkgs- izR;sd jkT;krhy la?kVuk o lalk/kus ;k}kjs O;fDrpk fodkl lk/kU;kdfjrk R;kyk vkfFkZd] lkekftd vkf.k lkaLd`frd Lokra«; o lqjf{krrk nÓk;yk ikfgts- deZpkÚ;kauh dks.kR;kgh ljdkjh laLFksyk fnysyh lsok gh R;kyk lkekftd lqjf{krrk iznku djrs- ;kckcr vkarjjk”Vªh; Je la?kVuk ns[khy deZpkÚ;kaP;k lqjf{krrsdfjrk dk;Z djrs- thoukph v’kh osG tsOgk e.kw”; ifjJe d:u vkiyh thfodk pkyow ‘kdr ukgh rks dkG Eg.kts o`n~/kkidkG- ;k o`n~/kkidkGkr lkekftd lqjf{krrk R;k O;fDrauk feGkoh ;kdfjrk fuo`Rrh osru ;kstuk vkyh- gh fuo`Rrh osru ;kstuk R;kaP;k Egkrkjik.kkpk vk/kkj Eg.kwu fuo`Rrh osru :ikus

T;kyk vki.k isU’ku ;k ukokus vksG[krks rh ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kauk ns.;kr ;srs- gh ;kstuk 1982&84 P;k dkGkr vkyh- ;k}kjs deZpkÚ;kauk R;kauh fnysY;k lsoscn~ny lkekftd lqjf{krrk Eg.kwu isU’ku :ikus iqkysys fnlwu ;srs- fo”k;kpk mn~ns'k%& isU'ku ;kstuk vkf.k lkekftd lqjf{krrk gk fo”k; ekaM.;kpk mn~ns'k & ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kadfjrk vlysY;k isU'kuP;k fofo/k ;kstukafo"k;h ekfgrh ns.ks] ufou isU'ku o tquh isU'ku ;kstuk ;kfo”k;h rqyuk dj.ks rlsp ufou isU'ku ;kstuse/khy lkekftd lqjf{krrs fo”k;h ppkZ dj.ks gk vkgs- eq[; fopkj %&

isU'ku ;kstuk] vkarjjk"Vªh; Je la?kVuk] ifjokj isU'ku] vkuqrksf”kd] Hkfo"; fuokZg fu/kh] lkekftd lqjf{krrk vkarjjk"Vªh; Je la?kVuk (ILO) %& deZpkÚ;kauk lkekftd U;k; feGowu ns.ks] vkfFkZd fLFkrh lq/kkj.ks] csjkstxkjh HkRrk ns.ks] ygku eqykauk laj{k.k dj.ks] ;klkj[;k ikjaikfjd laHkkO; dk;kZaoj gh la?kVuk Hkj nsr vkgs- vkarjjk"Vªh; Je la?kVusus lkekftd lqjf{krrsckcr ekaMysY;k loZ f'kQkjlh Hkkjrkus fLod`r dsY;k vkgsr- ;kr uqdlku HkjikbZ] vktkji.kkpk foek] vik=rk] lsokfuo`Rr gks.ks o vk/kkj ns.ks] ;k lokZapk lekos’k vkgs- ;k O;frfjDr lsok ns.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kauk oSnÓfd; ykHk] ikfjokfjd ykHk] ekr`Ro ykHk] vleFkZrk ykHk] mRrjthoh ykHk bR;knh lkekftd lqjf{krrk ns.;kr vkysY;k vkgsr- vkarjjk"Vªh; Je la?kVuk deZpkÚ;kaP;k fgrkog dk;Z djrs-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 tquh isU'ku ;kstuk 1982&84 o ufou isU'ku ;kstuk 2005%&

tquh isU'ku ;kstuk 1982&84 lkekU;r% Hkkjrkr deZpkÚ;kaps fuo`Rrh o; gs 58] 60 rs 65 o”ksZ vkgs- o;kph “k”Bh xkBY;kuarj R;kyk fuo`Rr Ogkos ykxrs o rsFkwu isU'ku ;k thoukrhy vfr egRokP;k Hkkxkl lqjokr gksrs- isU'ku Eg.kts fuo`Rrh osru ts ljdkjh deZpkjh fuo`Rr >kY;koj Egkrkji.kkpk vk/kkj Eg.kwu ns.;kr ;srs- ;k isU’kuyk nqlÚ;k 'kCnkr HkRrk] Qk;nk] vk/kkj fdaok dY;k.k vls ns[khy EgVys tkrs- ljdkjh dks"kk}kjs v'kh lafprh fuekZ.k dsyh tkrs dh] ts lsokfuo`Rr gks.kkjs deZpkjh vkgsr R;kauk isU'ku bR;knh ykHkkps ‘kks/ku Ogkos] v'kk izdkjph isU’ku ;kstuk 1982&84 ;kuqlkj dk;Z djrs- ;kr o`n~/kkoLFksr thoukph v’kh osG tsOgk euq"; ifjJe d:u vkiyh mithohdk pkyow 'kdr ukgh ;kosGh tquh isU'ku ;kstuk R;kyk vk/kkj Eg.kwu dk;Z djhr gksrh o moZfjr vk;q"; lq[kdj cuor gksrh- R;kpcjkscj deZpkÚ;kauk e`R;q fdaok vleFkZrk vkY;kl R;kP;k vkfJrkauk feG.kkjh jDde T;kyk QWfeyh isU'ku Eg.k.;kr ;srs] gh R;kaP;k ifjokjkph lqjf{krrk gksrh- ;k isU'ku ;kstusr lekfo"V gks.;kdfjrk deZpkÚ;kyk dehr deh ngk o"ksZ R;kph lsok nÓkoh ykxr vls- isU'ku iz'kklu iz.kkyh }kjs gh isU'ku feGfo.;kdfjrk dkgh o"kkZiklwu isU'ku izfØ;k lksih o ljy dj.;kr vkysyh gksrh- tquh isU'ku ;kstuk ljdkjh lsok ns.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kauk o`n~/kkoLFksrhy vk/kkj Eg.kwu R;kdMs deZpkjh o R;kapk ifjokj c?kr vlr- ljdkjus deZpkÚ;kauk vk/kkj 30 vkWDVkscj] 2005 i;Zarp dk;e Bsoyk vkf.k tqU;k isU'ku ;kstusph lekIrh dsyh- ufou isU'ku ;kstuk] 2005%& 'kklu lsosrhy deZpkÚ;kadfjrk 1 uksOgsacj] 2005 gh rkjh[k lkekftd lqjf{krrsyk iz'ufpUg mifLFkr dj.kkjh Bjyh- dkj.k 1 uksOgsacj] 2005 uarj ‘kklu lsosr :tw gks.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kauk tqU;k isU'ku ;kstusrwu eqdkos ykxys- Eg.ktsp R;kaP;kdfjrk ufou isU'ku ;kstuk vaeykr vk.k.;kr vkyh- ;k ;kstusfo”k;h vkxkeh ljdkjus er vls ekaMysys vkgs dh] Hkkjrkr lokZalkBh isU'kuph rjrwn ukgh- fuo`Rrh osrukeqGs dsanz o jkT; ljdkjP;k frtksjhoj eksBk vkfFkZd Hkkj iMr vkgs- ;keqGs lektkrhy loZp ?kVdkauk isU'ku }kjs lkekftd lqj{kk miyC/k Ogkoh ;klkBh dsanz ljdkjus isU'ku vlysyk lekt Eg.kts isU'ku lkslk;Vh fuekZ.k dj.;kps /kksj.k fLodkjys- R;kdfjrk uW'kuy isU'ku ;kstuk lq: dj.;kr vkyh- gh ;kstuk QDr uksdjnkjkalkBh miyC/k gksrh- ek= 2017&18 Eg.kts ekxhy o"khZiklwu gh ;kstuk lokZalkBh [kqyh dj.;kr vkyh- lokZauh ;k ;kstusps lHkkln Ogkos] ;klkBh vkxzg /kj.;kr vkysyk vkgs- [kktxh o ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kadfjrk gh ;kstuk ufou va'knk;h isU'ku ;kstuk ;k ukokus vkgs- rj brj O;fDradfjrk vVy isU'ku ;kstuk Eg.kwu loZ= eksBÓk izek.kkr jkcfo.;kr ;sr vkgs rj ;k ;kstusdfjrk tkfgjkrhgh eksBÓk izek.kkr dj.;kr vkysY;k vkgsr-

ljdkj}kjs 10 vkWDVkscj] 2003 e/;s 'Pension Fund Regulatory And Development Authority' ph LFkkiuk dj.;kr vkyh- 1 tkusokjh] 2004 yk uW'kuy isU'ku ;kstuk yk vk.k.;kr vkys- NPS us 2009 iklwu isU'ku ps dk;Z lq: dsys- ;kr vla?kVhr {ks=krhy deZpkÚ;kapk ns[khy lekos'k dj.;kr vkyk- 2005 uarj ts O;fDr ljdkjh uksdjhr ykxys- R;kauk ljdkj}kjs fnyh tk.kkjh isU'ku can dj.;kr vkyh rj NPS varxZr isU'ku ns.;kph rjrwn dj.;kr vkyh- T;kr deZpkjh Lor% vkiY;k ;ksxnkuk}kjs isU'ku r;kj djrhy- ;kpk ljdkjP;k frtksjhoj Hkkj iM.kkj ukgh- ufou va’knk;h isU’ku ;kstusrhy dkgh BGd eqn~ns iq

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 1½ yk fnyk tkrks- gk uacj R;kP;k [kkR;kyk fu;feri.ks lapkfyr NPS varxZr Subscriber PRAN Card djrks- gk uacj iq.kZ vk;q”;Hkj leku jkghy o rks cnyrk ;s.kkj ukgh- 2½ NPS varxZr nksu izdkjps [kkrs m?kMys tkrkr- fV;j&1 gk Non Withdrawal Saving A/C vkgs- 60 o"kZ iq.kZ >kY;kuarj ;krqu iSls izkIr gksrkr- ;koj 80c e/;s dj lwV feGrs- fV;j&2 gk ,d lk/kkj.k Saving A/C vkgs- tsFkwu Subscriber d/khgh iSls dk

3½ NPS 'kh tqMk;ps vlY;kl jkT; ljdkjP;k deZpkÚ;kauk ,d QkWeZ Hk:u DDO ph Lok{kjh ?;k;ph vlrs- 4½ NPS dfjrk izrh efguk 10 VDds jDde osrukrwu dikr dsyh tkrs- ;kyk DCPS jk’kh Eg.krkr- rsokY;koj deZpkÚ;kP;k [kkR;kr vlysyh jDde R;kyk O;ktklg izkIr gksrs- deZpkÚ;kpk e`R;q >kY;kl gh jDde R;kP;k oS/k okjlkauk feGsy- 'kkjhfjd fdaok ekufld vleFkZrk vkY;keqGs uksdjh lksMY;kl [kkR;kr tek jDde R;kyk izkIr gksrs-

;kizdkjs Hkfo”; fuokZg fu/khps Qk;ns deZpkÚ;kauk feGrkr- ufou isU'ku ;kstusr Hkfo”; fuokZg fu/kh deZpkÚ;kauk ukdkj.;kr vkyh vkgs- vkuqrksf”kd ¼ Gratuity ½%& ljdkjh deZpkjh vusd o”ksZ lsok djrks- vusd o"ksZ lsok dsY;kaurj vkf.k lsokfuo`Rrhuarj R;kyk dkgh c{khl feGkos] R;kyk dkgh ykHk izkIr Ogkok ;k n`”Vhus xzWP;qbZVh 'kks/ku dk;nk] 1972 ykxw dj.;kr vkyk- ;k dk;nÓkpk mís'k Eg.kts laiw.kZ ns'kkr deZpkÚ;kauk vkuqrksf”kd ckcr ,dlkj[ksi.kk jkgkok] vlk vkgs- vkuqrksf"kd jDde deZpkÚ;kP;k fuo`Rrhuarj fdaok e`R;quarj okjlkyk feGrs- ;kr 10 y{k :i;kph e;kZnk lu 2010 iklwu ykxw dj.;kr vkyh gksrh- ijarw lkrO;k osru vk;ksxkP;k f'kQkjlh uqlkj ekpZ 2018 iklwu gh e;kZnk 20 y{k :i;ki;Zar okkY;kl R;kP;koj voyacwu vlysys laiw.kZ dqVwac mn~/koLr gksrs- R;keqGs vkfFkZd enr Eg.kwu ikjhokfjd isU’ku ykxw dj.;kr vkyh- ;k }kjs vkfFkZd lqjf{krrk R;k deZpkÚ;kP;k dqVwackyk feGr vls-

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1½ DCPS ph tek >kysyh jde O;ktklg iw.kZi.ks feGkoh] ;k fo”k;h NPS e/;s rjrwn vlkoh] 2½ vkuqrksf”kd jk’kh NPS deZpkÚ;kauk ns.;kr ;koh] ;kfo”k;h lq/kkj.kk djkoh] 3½ fuo`Rrhuarj gh jDde ,d jdeh Lo:ikr feGkoh]

4½ deZpkjh rlsp R;kP;k ifjokjkph lkekftd lqjf{krrsfo”k;h ;kr ;ksX; rjrwn vlkoh- fu"d”kZ& ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kauh o;kph 58] 60 o 65 o"ksZ fnysyh lsok o R;kuarj R;kaP;k o`n~/kkidkGkpk vk/kkj vlysyh isU'ku ;kstuk ;kfo"k;h v/;;ukr tquh isU'ku ;kstuk 1982&84 gh fuo`Rrh osru Eg.kwu moZjhr vk;q";kpk vk/kkj 30 vkWDVkscj] 2005 i;Zar ykxw dj.;kr vkyh- R;keqGs feG.kkjs Hkfo"; fuokZg fu/kh] vkuqrksf"kd o ikfjokjhd isU'ku gs loZ tqU;k isU'ku lkscrp lekIr >kys- ufou va'knk;h ;kstuk 1 uksOgsacj] 2005 uarj 'kklu lsosrhy deZpkÚ;kauk ykxw dj.;kr vkyh- ufou va'knk;h ;kstuk /kkjd deZpkÚ;kaP;k njegk osrukrwu 10 VDds jDde Mhlhih,l Eg.kwu dikr dj.;kr ;sr vkgs- R;kdfjrk Mhlhih,l uacj ns.;kr vkysyk vkgs- ijarw ;k jdesckcr uk fooj.k i= feGr vkgs uk fnysY;k [kkR;kyk m?kMrk ;sr vkgs- v'kh laHkzekoLFkk l/;k izpfyr isU'ku ;kstusckcr vkgs- ljdkjph 10

VDds jde d/kh ;kr ;s.kkj o laiw.kZ jdesph d’kk in~/krhus deZpkÚ;kauk o R;kP;k ifjokjkyk lqjf{krrk feGsy ;kckcr iz'ufpUg vkgs- ;k ;kstusr lekfo"V deZpkÚ;kauk Hkfo”; fuokZg fu/kh] vkuqrksf"kd o ikfjokjhd isU'ku v'kk izdkjph lqj{kk 'kklukus fnysyh ukgh- ,[kknÓk deZpkÚ;kpk e`R;w >kY;kl R;k deZpkÚ;kps laiw.kZ dqVwac mn~/koLr >kY;kP;k vusd ?kVuk vuqHkokyk ;srkr- ;kr lkekftd lqj{kk gk iz'u ljdkjh uksdjhrhy deZpkjh o R;kaP;k dqVwackleksj mHkk jkfgyk vkgs- R;kposGh ek= mRrjk[kaM] jktLFkku] mRrjizns'k vknh jkT;kauh vkiY;k NPS /kkjd deZpkÚ;kauk dqVwac fuo`Rrh osru ;kstuk ykxw dsyh rj brj jkT; twuh isU'ku ;kstuk ykxw djrkauk egkjk"Vª

'kklukyk NPS/DCPS /kkjd e`r deZpkÚ;kaP;k vJwaph n[ky ?ks.;kph xjt okVr ukgh- lanHkZ xzaFk% 1 fo'o ifCy'klZ vWUM fMLVªhC;qVjlZ] vkSnÓksfxd dk;ns& MkW- izdk'k nsgyhoky 2 https://economictimes.indiatimes.com 3 https://the wire.in 4 https://www.quora.com, Is gratuity applicable to employees under NPS 5 https://www.deepawali.co.in 6 Senior College Handbook A ready reference, Atul Publication 7 Senior College Handbook Volume III, Sudhakar Mankar, Atul Publication 8 Social Security- https://en.m.wikipedia.org

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 188

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 isU”ku ,d vf/kdkj % ,sfrgkfld v/;;u izk- MkW- dSyk'k QqyekGh MkW- jef.kd ysuxqjs bfrgkl foHkkx izeq[k xzaFkiky js.kqdk dkWyst] cslk] ukxiwj js.kqdk dkWyst] cslk] ukxiwj Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] izLrkouk %&

txkP;k bfrgkl gkp vkfFkZdrsoj vk/kkjysyk vkgs- vkfFkZd izxrhf”kok; ekuokph izxrh “kD; ukgh- Eg.kqup ekuokyk vR;kf/kd HksGlko.kkjk iz”u Eg.kts vkfFkZd iz”u gks;- vFkZ”kkL=kph ladYiuk mn;kl ;sr vlrkauk R;kph fcts gh vkfFkZd rRokojp vk/kkjysyh vki.kkl fnlqu ;srkr- Eg.kqup vls Eg.krk ;sbZy dh] vkfFkZd iz”u gkp ekuo ftou tx.;kpk vfoHkkT; Hkkx vkgs- ;keqGsp xrdkGkiklqu vFkkZtZu dj.;kP;k i/nrhapk voyac dsyk xsyk vkgs vls vki.kkl fnlqu ;srs- Hkfo’;dkyhu ftoukP;k fn”ksyk pkyuk nsr vlrkuk ekuokyk vusd vkS|ksxkrqu vkfFkZdrsph pkyuk feGq ykxyh- mnk- 'ksrh dj.ks] m|ksx O;olk; dj.ks] uksdjh dj.ks b- ijarw ,o<;kojp

Hkoh’;kpk Mksykjk Fkkacoh.ks Eg.kts Hkfo";kph fdaprgh dkGth ulY;klkj[ks vkgs- R;keqGs vki.k vkRelkr djhr vlysyh vkfFkZd feGdr Hkfo";klkBh tiwu Bso.ks LoxhZ; okVw ykxrs- dkykarjkus vkS|ksfxd Økarhuarj txke/;s deZpkÚ;kaP;k lqn`< Hkfo’;kdjhrk fofo/k ;kstukph fuehZrh dsyh xsyh o iq

tkxrhd ikrGhoj rqyukRedn`’V;k fopkj dsY;kl loksZRre yksd”kkgh Eg.kts /keZfujis{k v”;k Hkkjr ns”kkph yksd”kkgh gks; vkf.k ;k yksd”kkgh e/khy egRokpk LraHk Eg.kts “kkldh; uksdjoxZ dh T;kP;k [kka|koj vkiY;k yksd”kkghpk xkMk pkyrks- ;k uksdjoxkZyk ekscnyk Eg.kwu Lrjfugk; Eg.ktsp oxZfugk; osru fnys tkrss- dkgh Bjkfod dkG fof”k’V lsok >kY;kuarj vk;q’;kP;k “ksoVP;k oG.kkoj lsosiklqu jtk ?ks.kkÚ;k Eg.ktsp fuo`Rr gks.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kaP;k mToy Hkfo’;klkBh R;kaP;k dq.kkojgh voyacqu u jkg.kkÚ;k miftohdslkBh fuo`Rrh osru fnyh tkrs- “kkldh; deZpkjh gs v[kaM lsok nsoqu fuo`Rr gksrkr o R;kuarj R;kauk R;kaP;k izkekf.kdi.kk cn~ny o fujkxl dsysY;k drZO;k cn~ny o vfojr fnysY;k lsosuarj lUekukus tx.;klkBh feG.kkjk gDd vkgs- ijarq egkjk"Vª jkT;kr uksOgascj 2005 uarj T;k O;Drh “kkldh; lsosr vFkok f”k{kdh lsosr :tw >kY;k R;kauk tquh isU”ku ;kstuk ykxw u djrk uoh isU”ku ;kstuk ¼Mhlhih,l½ Eg.kts ifjHkk’khr va”knku fuo`Rrh osru ;kstuk ykxq dsyh vkgs- ;kpkp vFkZ “kkldh; deZpkÚ;kapk gDd rRdkyhu ljdkjus fgjkowu ?ks.;kr vkysyk vkgs o R;kaps Hkfo’; va/kdkje; dsysys vkgs- ;kis{kk ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kaps nqnZo dk; vl.kkj- vH;kliq.kZ “kkldh; deZpkjh o f”k{kdkaP;k cktwus lq{ei.ks fopkj dsYkk rj gh ufou Mhlhih,l ;kstuk Qkj vU;k;h] tqyeh o dk;|kfojks/khph vls la”kks/kdkps izkekf.kd er vkgs-

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 189

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 tkxfrd ,sfrgkfld ik”oZHkqehrqu lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstuk %& tkxrhd bfrgklkph ik”oZHkqeh lkekthd lqj{ksP;k n`’Vhdksukrqu c?krkauk vls fnlqu ;srs dh] bfrgkldkjkauh vkti;Zar lezkV o jkts ;kaP;k yksddY;k.kdkjh n`f’Vdksukps nLrkosthdj.k d:u tiqu Bsoysys vkgs- R;kr vls fnlrs dh] vxnh izkphu rs e/;;qxhu dkGkrhy yksddY;k.k ;kstukaph ekfgrh R;kr vkgs- lkekftd lqj{kk ;k vk/kqfud ladYiuspk mn; gk ,dksf.klkO;k “krdkP;k “ksoVh >kyk- teZuhr gh ladYiuk izFke lq: >kyh] vkWVksOgku fcLekdZ gk teZuhpk pWUlsyj gksrk] rsOgk lkekftd lqj{ksph ladYiuk ekaMyh xsyh- R;kr dkexkjkauk HkjikbZ 1884] vktkji.k foek ;kstuk 1888] lkekftd foek ;kstuk 1989 vls vusd nk[kys teZuhP;k ckcrhr nsrk ;srhy- folkO;k “krdkP;k l:okrhyk loZd”k lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstuk rsFks vaeykr gksrh- R;kosGh 1897 e/;s fczVuus efgyk HkjikbZ dk;nk dsyk- R;kikBksikB jk’Vªh; foek dk;nk 1911 dj.;kr vkyk- fczVu ljdkjus ifgyh lkeqnkf;d lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstuk nqlÚ;k egk;q/nkuarj r;kj dsyh- ;kps Js; foY;e gsUkzh csOgjht ;kauk tkrs- csOgjht gs vFkZrK o iqjkxkeh fopkjkps lekt lq/kkjd gksrs- R;kauh ljdkjyk csOgjht ;kstuk lknj dsyh gksrh- R;krwup fczVuph jk’Vªh; vkjksX; O;oLFkk vkdkjkl vkyh- vkjksX; lsok vaeyctko.khr vktgh rh vkn”kZ ekuyh tkrs- 1900 rs 1920 njE;ku vesfjdk rRoKkukrhy dzkarhph lk{khnkj Bjyh R;krp o`/nkidkG enr ;sktuk] vkfFkZd lq/kkj.kk ;kstuk o lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstuk lq: >kY;k- vesfjdsus 1935 e/;s lkekftd lqj{kk dk;nk dsyk- R;kosGh QzWadyhu

:>osYV v/;{k gksrs] ;k ;kstusrwu iqkyh- QzkUle/;s 1946 e/;s fivj yWjkWr ;kauh jk’Vªh; lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstuk r;kj dsyh R;kr lxG;k yksdkauk lekowu ?ksrys gksrs- ;k lxG;k dkGkr vkarjjk’Vªh; dkexkj la?kVuk o la;qDr jk’Vªs ;kauh lkekftd lqj{ksP;k vkarjjk’Vªh; dk;n;kauk izksRlkgu fnys- vkarjjk’Vªh; dkexkj la?kVusP;k 1944 P;k tkghjukE;kr lkekftd lqj{kk laLFkkauh ekfgrhph nsok.k?ksok.k dj.ks] lgdk;Z o vkarjjk’Vªh; o jk’Vªh; d`rhoj Hkj fnyk gksrk- lkekftd lqj{kk mik;;kstuk dj.;kl ns”kkauk izksRlkgu fnys ikfgts] yksdkauk R;kaP;k xjtk Hkkxo.;kl iqjsls mRiUUk o oS|dh; lqfo/kk vlY;k ikfgtsr vls tkghjukE;kr EgVys gksrs- 1952 e/;s vkarjjk’Vªh; dkexkj la?kVusus lkekftd lqj{kk fdeku ekuds] tkghjukek eatwj dsyk- R;kr lkekftd lqj{ksr dqBY;kgh vkiRdkyhu leL;kapk lekos”k vlkok ;kpk fopkj dsyk xsyk- gk tkghjukek Eg.kts vkarjjk’Vªh; dkexkj la?kVusP;k lkekftd lqj{kspk izeq[k vk/kkjLraHk vkgs- ,drj rks vkarjjk’Vªh; tkghjukek vkgs o nqljs Eg.kts ewyHkwr lkekftd lqj{kk rRokaP;k vk/kkjs r;kj dsysys rs txkus ekU; dsysys lkekftd lqj{kk fud’k vkgsr- ;kP;kp vk/kkjkoj Hkkjrkr lq/nk lkekftd lqj{kk ;sktukaph vaeyctko.kh lq: >kyh- isU”ku ;kstuk dk;nk %&

isU”ku ;kstuk gk dk;nk ekpZ 1978 e/;s laer dj.;kr vky- ijarq ;k dk;n;kph izR;{kkr veyctko.kh 15 tqyS 1981 iklqu lq# dj.;kr vkyh- [kktxh “kkGkaP;k O;oLFkki.kkP;k nckokeqGs gk dk;nk rhu o’kkZi;Zar veykr vkyk ukgh- tsOgk gk dk;nk fo/kkulHksr ekaM.;kr vkyk rsOgk R;kl cÚ;kp izek.kkr fojks/kkpk lkeuk djkok ykxyk- 1974 lkyh gs fo/ks;d tsOgk fo/kkulHksr ekaM.;kr vkys rsOgk laLFkkpkydkaP;k izpaM nckokeqGs gs fo/ks;d ekxs ?;kos ykxys- “ksoVh 1977 e/;s gs fo/ks;d fo/kulHksr ekaM.;kr vkys- vkf.k f”k{kd pGoGhP;k nckokeqGs gs fo/ks;d 1978 e/;s eatqj dj.;kr vkyk- rjhgh jkT; ljdkjus ;k dk;n;koj veyctko.kh dj.;kl rhu o’kZ yksVq fnys-

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 190

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 dk;n;kps fu;e dj.;kP;k lcch[kkyh gs rhu o’kZ yksVys- [kÚ;k vFkkZus 15 tqyS 1981 iklqu gk dk;nk o ;k dk;n;kps fu;e ykxq dj.;kr vkys- isU”ku ;kstusph oSf'k"V;s %&

fuo`ŸkhosrukP;k lanÒkZr vusd erÁokg vlys rjh R;kph lk/kkj.ki.ks O;k[;k iq

1½ tqU;k isU”ku ;kstusr deZpkÚ;kauk fuo`Rrhuarjgh iw.kZ laj{k.k o vkfFkZd ykHk feGr gksrs- lsosr vlrkauk e`R;q >kY;koj dqVwac fuo`Rrhosru ¼iRuh½] fodykax viR;kl dqVwac fuo`Rrh osru o xzWP;qVh ¼e;kZnk 7 yk[k½] va”k jkf”kdj.k bR;knh Qk;ns tqU;k isU”ku ;kstusvarxZr deZpkÚ;kauk feGr gksrs- 2½ tqU;k isU”ku ;kstusr ,[kknÓk deZpkÚ;kl nqnsZoku “kkfjjhd] ekufld vFkok fodykaxrseqGs lsokfuo`Rrh ?;koh ykxyh rjh ojhyizek.ks loZ ykHk deZpkÚ;kl feGr gksrs-

3½ tqU;k isU”ku ;kstusvarxZr fuo`Rrh osru ;klkBh osrukrqu dqByhgh dikr dsyh tkr uls] ;klanÒkZr lokZsPp U;k;ky;kus Mh-,l- udkjk fo#) Òkjr ljdkj ;k Ádj.kh fnysY;k fudkyi=kr O;Dr d¢ysys er vki.kkl fopkjkr ?;kos ykxsy- ;k fudkyi=krhy dkgh BGd ckch iq

5- deZpkÚ;kl fnys tk.kkjs fuo`Ÿkhosru gs nku'kwjrk Çdok cf{kl Eg.kwu ekyd @ ljdkj nsr ukgh- myVi{kh fuo`Ÿkhosru gk deZpkÚ;kapk gDd vkgs- 6- lkekftd lqjf{krrk Eg.kwu o`)koLFksr deZpkÚ;kus lUekukus o ;¨X;fjR;k vk;q"; O;rhr djkos ;k mÌs'kkus fuo`Ÿkh osru fnys tkrs- deZpkjh lsosrqu lsokfuo`Rr >kY;kuarj R;kyk feG.kkÚ;k fuo`Ÿkh osruckcr lo¨ZPp U;k;ky;kus vH;kliq.kZ O;Dr d¢ysY;k erkapk fopkj d¢Y;kl Mhlhih,l @ ,uih,l P;k ek/;ekrwu gh ftoueku mapko.kkjh mfÌ"VÓs lk/; g¨rkr dk; o R;kph O;DrhijRos vaeyctko.kh lR;i.kkus gksrs dk;\ ;kps mŸkj u let.kkjs o udkjkFkÊ rj vkgsp ;kr okn ukgh myVi{kh Òkjrh; jkT;ÄVusrhy dye 14 vkf.k 16 ps mYyaÄu dj.kkjs vkgs- lekjksi %&

mijksDr la”kks/kukavarh la”kks/kdkus vH;kliq.kZ dkgh tckcnkjhps fu’d’kZ dk

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 tckcnkjhp uOgs rj ukxjh lsosP;k deZpkjh dk;n~;kizek.ks eqyHkqr drZO; vkgs- ek= “kklukdMs fu/kh fdaok rjrwn ukgh Eg.kqu v”kk xksaMl ukok[kkyh deZpkÚ;kaP;k rksaMkyk ikua iqlwu “kklu drZO;kiklwu usgehp iG dk

“kkldh; deZpkjh o f”k{kdkaps isU”ku can d:u ljdkj nqljhdMs yksdizfrfu/khauk Hkj?kksl eku/ku o isU”ku ykxw djr vkgs- gk fdrh eksBk fojks/kkHkkl!

tqU;k isa”ku ;kstusr deZpkÚ;akuk fuo`Rrhuarjgh iw.kZ laj{k.k o vkfFkZd ykHk feGr gksrs- lsosr vlrkauk e`R;w >kY;koj dqVqac fuo`Rrhosru ¼iRuh½ fodykax viR;kr dqVqac fuo`Rrh osru o xzWT;qVh] va”kjk”khdj.k b-Qk;ns tqU;k isU”ku ;kstusvarxZr deZpkÚ;kauk feGr gksrs- ek= Mh- lh- ih- ,l- va”knku fuo`Rrh ;kstusr ;kiSdh dks.krkgh ykHk deZpkÚ;kauk feGr ukgh gs vU;k;dkjd vkgs- Eg.kwu Rojhr ljdkjus tquh isa”ku ;kstuk ykxw djkoh- gkp ;koj ,deso mik; vkgs vls ek>s izkekf.kd er vkgs- lanHkZ xzaFk lwph %& 5- ygkfj;k panzdkar ¼fo”ks’k ys[k½] lkekftd lqj{ksrhy vkarjjk’Vªh; fjrh o Hkkjrkrhy ;kstuk] tqyS] 2017 6- dqGd.khZ lqehr ¼fo”ks’k ys[k½] T;s’B ukxjhdkalkBh lkekftd lqj{kk & vkOgkus vkf.k fpark] ;kstuk] tqyS] 2017 7- izk- ekudj lq/kkdj] osruJs.kh gWaMcqd] vrqy ifCyds”kUl] dksYgkiwj] 2010 8- izk- ekudj lq/kkdj] “kS{kf.kd dk;ns gWaMcqd] vrqy ifCyds”kUl] dksYgkiwj] 2012 9- izk- ekudj lq/kkdj] isU”ku :Yl gWaMcqd] vrqy ifCyds”kUl] dksYgkiwj] 2009 10- o`Rri=s o egkjk’Vª jkT; isU”ku gDd la?kVuk Qslcqdxzqi 11- ,eQqDV¨ Ák/;kid egklaÄkP;k dk;Zdkjh eaMGkus 29 tqyS 2018 j¨th laer d¢ysyk ri'khyokj Bjko] eqacÃ- 12- jktlkjFkh] jkT; ljdkjh deZpkjh e/;orÊ laÄVusps eq[ki=] eqacÃ- 13- y¨dlŸkk] eqacÃ] 7 tkusokjh 2013- 14- https://m.dailyhunt.in/news/india/marathi/hwmarathi+in-epaper- hwmar/navya+penshan+yojanemule+sarakari+karmacharyanchi+kutumbe+varyavar-newsid-98254432 15- https://www.change.org>the–stategover. 16- http://www. dcps2005.blogspotions 17- http://www.ean2005.in/ 18- www.saamana.com/article

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 192

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 fuo`Ÿkh osrukph lS)kafrd Òwfedk

Ák-M‚- iq#"k¨Ÿke 'ks"kjko tqés] ejkBh foÒkxÁeq[k] x¨nkojh dyk ofj"B egkfo|ky;] vacM] ft- tkyuk- Ã&esy % [email protected]

ÁkLrkfod %

vk/kqfud dkGkps lokZr egŸokps oSf'k"VÓ Eg.kts ^y¨d*d¢aæh 'kklu O;oLFkk vls vki.kkl Eg.krk ;sÃy- Kkr txkP;k bfrgklkps ifj'khyu d¢Y;kl dkgh fe.kfe.krs viokn oxGrk & vkf.k rsgh iw.kZr% y¨dd¢aæh Eg.krk ;s.kkj ukghr& v”kh Òkleku tu ¼y¨d½ dY;k.kdkjh O;oLFkk viw.kk±'kkusgh vfLrRokr uOgrh- ,[kk|k 'kkludR;kZP;k lkfRod var% Ásj.ksusp y¨dkaps dY;k.k g¨.ks osxGs vkf.k iw.kZ O;oLFkk Eg.kwu dY;k.kdkjh vl.ks fujkGs- eqGkr

'kkluO;oLFkk Eg.kr vlrkuk 'kklu vkf.k O;oLFkk ;k 'kCnkapk vFkZc¨/k g¨.ks egŸokps vkgs- O;oLFkk gk 'kCn rlk fujis{k 'kCn- r¨ T;kP;k t¨Mhus ;sr¨] R;kcjgqdwe R;kps pyu&oyu vl.kkj- ex rh jkts'kkgh&O;oLFkk] ljatkenkjh&O;oLFkk] gqdwwe'kkgh&O;oLFkk oxSjs dkgh vl¨- y¨d'kkgh&'kklu&O;oLFkk gh vxnh vokZphu v'kh x¨"V vkgs- ¼;k loZ foÜys"k.kkpk fuo`Ÿkh osruk'kh dk; laca/k vlk Á'u vusdkauk iMw 'kdr¨- ijarq Fk¨MsQkj lw{e jhrhus v/;;u vkf.k Çpru d¢Y;kuarj fuo`Ÿkh osru&;kl vki.k y¨ddY;k.kdkjh ;¨tuk vls EgVys rj pkysy&vkf.k O;oLFkk Ádkj ;kapk Qkj Äfu"B laca/k vlY;kps –"V¨Rirhl ;srs-½ vki.k y¨d'kkgh O;oLFkk vlk 'kCn Á;¨x djr ukghr rj ^y¨d'kkgh 'kklu O;oLFkk* vls Eg.kr vlr¨- Eg.kts bFks y¨d vkf.k O;oLFkse/;s 'kklu mÒs vkgs- 'kklukpk ewyxkeh vFkZ g¨r¨ f'k{kk dj.ks- rls okd~Á;¨x cgq/kk lxGsp ejkBh Hkk"kd y¨d ljkZl okijrkr- ex y¨d'kkgh O;oLFkk d¨.kkl 'kklu djrs- dk;ns iafMr Çdok jktuhrhK dkghgh Eg.kr vlys rjh Ákfrfuf/kd fu.kZ;{ke y¨d'kkgh ns'kkarxZr d¨.kkykgh f'k{kk d: 'kdrs] gs okLro vkgs- dkj.k Ákfrfuf/kd Lo#ikr ,dnk vki.k Eg.kts y¨d Áfrfu/kÈuk fuoMw.k fnY;k uarj fu.kZ; ÁfØ;sojhy y¨dkapk gDd lair¨] gh Ákfrfuf/kd y¨d'kkghph

Qkj e¨Bh m.kho vkgs- rqyukRed –"VÓk O;oLFkk jkcfo.;klkBh ÁLrqr i)rh pkaxyh vlyh rjh lo¨ZŸke Eg.krk ;s.kkj ukgh- rh lo¨ZŸke rsOgkp g¨Å 'kd¢y] T;kosGsl ÁR;{k fu.kZ; ÁfØ;se/;s FksVi.ks y¨dkapk lgÒkx vlsy- gs d"VÁn vlys rjh v'kD; d¨Vhrhy vftckr ukgh-

,d¨.khlkO;k 'krdkP;k mŸkjk/kkZr ik';kR; fopkjoar rsu ;kauh lekt'kkL=h; v/;;u i)rhyk vuqy{kwu ,d fl)kar ekaMyk R;kr rs Eg.krkr dh] T;kÁek.ks 'kjhjkph ,d fof'k"V v'kh Bso.k okaf"kd i)rhoj voyacwu vlrs r'kh rh eukph lq)k vlrs- R;kapk ^oa'k ifjfLFkrh&dkG* gk fl)kar eqGkrwu letwu ?ksrY;kl lkaÁr ifjfLFkrhps ;FkkFkZ n'kZu g¨Ãy- ,dhdMs vki.k y¨ddY;k.kdkjh Eg.kr vlrkuk 'kklu vlk 'kCnÁ;¨x okijr¨- ;kps dkj.k dqBsrjh

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 vkiY;k vkr] [k¨yoj nqlÚ;kyk f'k{kk dj.;kpk laLdkj vtwugh ewG /k:u vkgs- ^y¨ddY;k.kdkjh f'k{kk O;oLFkk* gs ,sdrkuk vki.kkl dnkfpr glw ;sÃy( iajrq vkgs rs vls folaxrhiw.kZ vkgs- lH;rk fodlukr lkekftd Lrjkaph Òwfedk % ekxs ,dnk ejkBhrhy T;s"B lkfgfR;d ';ke eu¨gj ;kauh vokZphu O;k[;kuekysr O;k[;ku nsrkuk ^lkekU;] cqf)oar vkf.k vlkekU;* ;kfo"k;h vR;ar e©fyd foospu d¢ys g¨rs- y¨d'kkgh O;oLFkk gh d¢oG vki.k dY;k.kdkjh oxSjs vkg¨r vlk mn~Ĩ"k d:u pky.kkjh vlw u;s- Çdcgquk —fr:ikus rh y¨dkauk dY;k.kdkjh tk.kokoh- mn~Ĩ"k dj.;kps n¨u vFkZ fuÄrkr- vki.k d¢ysys dk;Z y¨dkai;±r i¨gpys ikfgts vlk vFkZ fuÄr vlrkukp fVedh ekj.ks vlkgh vFkZ /ouhr g¨r¨- dY;k.kdkjh jkT; rsOgkp g¨Å 'kd¢y] tsOgk ÁR;{ki.ks y¨dkapk lgÒkx fu.kZ; ÁfØ;sr vlsy- ,[kknk dk;nk djrkuk ÁR;{k y¨dkauk R;kr lgÒkxh d:u ?;ko;kl gos- ns'kkP;k lkoZÒ©eRo] lwj{kk] ijjk"Vªuhrh vFkok rRle ckcÈuk& T;kpk y¨dkaP;k ÁR;{k nSuafnu tx.;k'kh dkgh laca/k ukgh v'kkauk& oxGwu ns'kkarxZr ykxw g¨.kkjs dk;ns y¨dkaP;k lgÒkxkrwu fuekZ.k >kys ikfgtsr- Ákfrfuf/kd y¨d'kkghe/;s y¨d cktwyk iMrkr o Áfrfu/kÈpsp Qkorss- gs vusd mnkgj.kkao:u vkkiY;k y{kkr ;srs- vkiY;k'kh laca/khrp mnkgj.k |k;ps

>kY;kl fuo`Ÿkh osrukps nsrk ;sÃy- ts QDr ikp o"kkZlkBh Áfrfu/khRo djrkr R;kauk fuo`Ÿkhosru ykxw vlrs- ,deq[kkus R;kr pkj iVhus ok

lkekU; ek.kwl laL—rhus Äkywu fnysY;k Çdok Bjowu fnysY;k lH;rsps fuokZgu Ák.ki.kkus djr¨- gs vls dk\ ;kP;k eqGk'kh r¨ Qkj dkgh tkr ukgh] letwu Äsr ukgh- rs letwu ns.;kps dk;Z [kÚ;k vFkkZus cqf)oarkaps vkgs- ts letwu ÄsÅu nqlÚ;kl pkaxY;k jhrhus letkowu lkaxw 'kdrkr] rs cqf)oarkP;k oxkZr e¨Mrkr- vkt okLro ifjfLFkrh v'kh vkgs dh] cqf)oar dqieaMwd >kys vkgsr- ,[kk|k oS|dkyk] vfÒ;aR;kyk 'ksrdjh vkRegR;sps vftckr oS"kE; okVr ukgh- f'k{kd] Ák/;kid] odhy dkghrjh Òw[kaM [kjsnh&foØh dj.ks vFkok t¨M/kank Eg.kwu d'kkps rjh nqdku Vkd.ks] 'ksvj ekd¢ZV e/;s iSls xqarfo.ks v'kk ulR;k m|¨xkr xqjQVys- ex lkekU;] vK y¨dkaps Ác¨/ku d¨.kh djk;ps\ Ác¨/kukf'kok; y¨d fodflr g¨r ukghr vkf.k mUur y¨dkaf'kok; y¨d'kkgh [kÚ;k vFkkZus cGdV g¨r ukgh- lŸkk/kkjh ex r¨ d¨.khgh vl¨ R;kl etcwr y¨d'kkgh ud¨ vlrs Eg.kwu rj rs lkekU; y¨dkauk vfLersP;k ek;ktkGkr lrr xqarfo.;kpk Á;Ru djrkr- Ác¨/ku u >kY;keqGs lgti.ks lkekU; ek.kwl v'kk Òkofud okrkoj.kkdMs vkdÆ"kyk tkr¨] gh vktP;k dkGkrhy Qkj e¨Bh Çprsph ckc vkgs- fuo`Ÿkh osru u feG.ks gk ,dk

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 e¨BÓk j.kuhrhpk N¨Vklk Mkoisp vkgs- lkekU; vkf.k vlkekU; ;krhy nqok u"V dj.ks] gs [kjs jktdkj.k vkgs- R;k jktdkj.kkpk ifgyk cGh Bjr¨ vkg] r¨ ns'kkryk reke deZpkjh oxZ- egkjk"Vª 'kklukus foÜod¨"kkps ts [kaM Ádkf'kr d¢ys vkgsr] R;krhy vkBO;k [kaMkrhy lwph Øekad ngke/khy vusd fo"k;kl¨cr Çdok lwphl¨cr ^fuo`Ÿkh osru* v'kh ,d lwph vkgs- R;kr vls EgVys vkgs dh] ^^vkt ts vkÆFkd –"VÓk Áxr ns'k vkgsr] R;kar vk;q";eku vkf.k Á—freku ;kr lq/kkj.kk >kysyh vlY;keqGs 65&70 gh fuo`Ÿkhosruik= o;¨e;kZnk letyh tkrs- Òkjrkr rh 55&60 vkgs- fuo`Ÿkh osrukpk laca/k o;k'kh vkgs- gs ekU; >kY;kl rs iwoÊ d¢ysY;k lsos'kh fuxMhr jkgr ukgh- Eg.kwup lsokfuo`Ÿkh gk 'kCn vkiY;kyk fo'ks"k ifjp;kpk vlyk] rjh ykxw iMr ukgh- ek= vtwugh fuo`Ÿkhosru Eg.kts iwoZdkGkr d¢ysY;k lsosps c{khl gh dYiuk iqjh ukgh'kh >kyh vkgs] vls Eg.krk ;sr ukgh-** ¼ys[kd & /k¨aMxs ,-jk-½ ;kpkp vFkZ fuo`Ÿkhosru gs d¢oG Bjowu d¢ysY;k lsospk ijrkok ulr¨] rj ,dk fof'k"V o"kkZuarj vFkok o;kuarj ,[kk|kl ^dY;k.kdkjh 'kklukus* vkÆFkd LFkS;Z feGowu ns.;kpk r¨

Á;Ru vlr¨- fuo`Ÿkhuarj vkiY;k mithfod¢ps dk;\ vlk Á'u ns'kkrhy d¨.;kgh ukxfjdkale¨j mÒk jkgrk dkek u;s- R;klkBh vusd LokLF;kyk dkj.khÒwr Bj.kkÚ;k vkÆFkd LokLF; ;k ckchph iwrZrk 'kklukus djk;ph vlrs- O;Drhps 'kkjhfjd vkf.k ekufld LokLF; fud¨i vlsy rj vkilqdp lkekftd LokLF; ns[khy larwfyr jkg.kkkj- T;k lektkrhy lkekftd LokLF; fcÄMrs rsFkhy varxZr lwj{kk vkf.k rq#axkapk [kpZ ok<.ks vifjgk;Z g¨Åu tkrs- ex vki.kgh fdrh ek.klkxf.kd fdrh i¨yhl deZpkjh vlkosr] d¨VZ&dpsjhrhy rqacwu U;k;kP;k Áfr{ksryh dkxni=s vFkok rq#axkrhy dS|kaP;k la[;soj ekuokf/kdkj –f"Vd¨.kkrwu c¨yr vlr¨- gs c¨y.ks fujFkZd] oka>¨Va vkgs- ewG l¨Mwu Qka|k r¨M.;kpk Ádkj Eg.krkr r¨ ákykp- cqf)oarkauh Ác¨/kukdMs d¢ysyk dkukM¨Gk ns'kkyk Qkj e¨BÓk [kkÃr ÄsÅu tk.kkjk Bjsy- ns'k e¨BÓk laØeu voLFksrwu tkr vkgs- gs laØeu d¢oG vkÆFkd vlrs rj R;kl Fk¨ifo.;kkps ewrZ mik; vki.k rsOgkp 'k¨/kys vlrs( ijarq vR;ar lkodk'k] vewrZ:ikus] FksV cq)he/;s Äqlwu vkiyk cqf)Òsn dj.ks pkyw vkgs- ;kyk ijr rsu ;k fopkjoarkP;k Òk"ksrp ^;qx/keZ* vls lac¨/krk ;sÃy- ;k ;qx/kekZph dk; – '; oSf'k"VÓs vkgsr] gs ikg.ks mn~c¨/kd Bjsy- tkxfrdhdj.k vkf.k fuo`Ÿkh osru %

tkxfrdhdj.k gk 'kCnÁ;¨x vkiY;kdMs ,sa'khP;k n'kdkr Ápfyr >kyk vlyk rjh lkB¨Ÿkjh dky[kaMkiklwup ,d ÁfØ;k Eg.kwu r¨ ewG /k: ykxyk g¨rk- tqU;k dkGkrhy lkezkT;'kkghpk vk/kqfud vorkj vls lq)k vki.k ;kps o.kZu d: 'kdr¨- nqlÚ;k egk;q)kuarj thr vkf.k tsrs ;k n¨Äkaphgh gkuh >kY;kuarj foŸkh; Lo#ikrhy gkuh Ò:u dk<.;klkBh 1948 lkyh xWV djkj vfLrRokr vkyk- r¨p iqkyk- xWV djkjke/;s th vusd dyes vkgsr] R;kiSdh ns'kkarxZr vuqnku dikrhps ,d dye vkgs-

R;kpk vkf.k fuo`Ÿkh osrukpk dkgh laca/k vkgs dk\ gs rikl.ks jatd Bjsy- egkjk"Vª ukxjh lsok ¼fuo`Ÿkh osru½ fu;e] 1982 o egkjk"Vª ukxjh lsok ¼fuo`Ÿkh osrukps va'kjk'khdj.k½ fu;e 1984 gs fu;e vkWDV¨cj 2005 i;±r d¨.kR;kp vMFkG~;kf'kok; pkyw 'kdrkr- rj ex 2005 e/;s v'kh d¨.krh

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ifjfLFkrh mn~Òoyh] dh ts.ksd:u QWfeyh isU'ku ;¨tuk can djkoh ykxyh- tkxfrd O;kikj laÄVusus lnL; ns'kkauk vuqnkus can dj.;kph th vV Äkryh gkrh- R;kr Ákeq[;kus 'ksrhfo"k;d vuqnkukpk laca/k vlyk rjh 'kklukus vkiY;k frt¨jhrwu tk.kkÚ;k iS'kkoj ik;can Äkryk vls Eg.kkos ykxsy- fo'ks"kr% tkxfrdhdj.kkP;k n'kdÒjkP;k b"V&vfu"V QyJwrhuarj 'kklukus vkiyk e¨pkZ deZpkÚ;kadMs oGoyk- ;k n'kdkr 'ksrdjh laiyk g¨rk- vkrk osG g¨rh rh deZpkÚ;kaph- Eg.kts QWfeyh isU'ku ;¨tuk can d:u R;ktkxh uohu ifjÒkf"kr va'knku fuo`Ÿkh ;¨tuk T;kl DCPS (Defined Contribution Pension Scheme) Eg.kwu vksG[kys tkrs rh iwoZfu;¨ftr dVkpk Òkx g¨rh vlsp Eg.kkos ykxsy- dnkfpr b-l- 2000 e/;s mPpf'k{k.kkoj vackuh&fcykZ vk;¨xkus fnysY;k f'kQkj'kÈpk rj gk ifj.kke ukgh uk\ v'khgh 'kadk eukr mifLFkr g¨rs- dkj.k ;k vk;¨xkus ljdkjyk fnysyk vgoky d¨Bsp ikgko;kl feGr ukgh- ;kp njE;ku tkxfrdhdj.kkus ,d [kqyh Li/kkZ fuekZ.k d:u ÁR;sdkyk /kko.;kph t.kw nenkVh d¢ysyh vkgs- gs /kko.ks d¨.kR;kgh vk/kkjkfouk vlY;kus l'kDrkal¨cr v'kDrkaps /kko.ks vkReÄkr Bjr¨ vkgs- vkt ÁR;sd {ks=kr ektysyh vukx¨anh gs R;kpsp |¨rd Eg.kko;kl gos- ,dhdMs paxGokn ok

'kklukP;k lsosr 01 u¨Ogsacj 2005 j¨th Çdok R;kuarj fu;qDr g¨.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kalkBh uohu va'knku fuo`Ÿkhosru ;¨tuk ykxw dj.;kckcr- ;k ,dk 'kklu fu.kZ;kus tquh d©Vqafcd fuo`Ÿkh ;¨tuk can d:u uohu ifjÒkf"kr fuo`Ÿkh ;¨tuk ykxw d¢yh- gh ;¨tuk ykxw djrkuk d¢aæ 'kklukP;k PFRDA Eg.ktsph Pension Fund Regulatory Development Authority ¼fuo`Ÿkh osru fu/kh fofu;ked o fodkl Ákf/kdj.kkpk½ vk/kkj Äsryk xsyk- fn- 22 fMlsacj 2003 P;k foŸkea=ky;] vkÆFkd dk;Z foÒkxkus fuo`Ÿkh osruklaca/kh ,d fu.kZ; Äsryk g¨rk- vkf.k R;kr jkT;kus uohu va'knk;h ;¨tuse/;s lgÒkxh Ogk;ps Çdok ukgh vlkgh fodYi Bsoyk vlrkuk ns[khy rRdkyhu jkT;'kklukus egkjk"Vªkrhy deZpkÚ;kaoj gh Mhlhih,l ;¨tuk yknyh- vkf.k ,dk QVD;klj'kh iwoÊph d©Vqafcd fuo`Ÿkh ;¨tuk can d¢yh-

01 u¨Ogsacj 2005 ikklwu vfLrRokr vkysyh va'knk;h ;¨tuk ¼DCPS½ fn- 21 vkWxLV 2014 P;k 'kklu fu.kZ;kÁek.ks NPS e/;s lekfo"V dj.;kr vkyh- Eg.kts e/kY;k uÅ&ngk o"kkZP;k dkGkr ;k fo"k;kckcr dlY;kp Ádkjps xkaÒh;Z uOgrs- vkti;±r DCPS lanÒkZr toGikl rhlsd 'kklu fu.kZ; fuÄkys vkgsr- ;kp njE;ku ;orekGps Jh- lat; ;sordj ;kauh fo/kh o U;k; ea=ky;kdMs ekfgrhP;k vf/kdkjkr DCPS P;k lanÒkZr fopkj.kk d¢yh vlrk R;kauk uohu ifjÒkf"kr va'knk;h fuo`Ÿkh ;¨tuslaca/kh ;k foÒkxkus d¨.krkgh dk;nk d¢yk ulwu mDr fo"k; foŸk ea=ky;k'kh laca/kh vlY;kus vkiyk vtZ foŸk foÒkxkdMs gLrkarjhr dj.;kr ;sr vkgs] vls dGfo.;kr

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 vkys- fo/kku eaMGkP;k d¨.kR;kgh lÒkx`gkr ppkZ >kyh ulwu rlk dk;nkgh ikjhr >kyk ulY;kps ;sordjkauk fo/kkueaMG lfpoky;kdMwu dGfo.;kr vkys- v'kh gh lxGh x¨a/kGtU; ifjfLFkrh vlY;keqGs DCPS xzLr deZpkjh ÇprkxzLr cuys vkgsr- deZpkÚ;kapk iSlk njegk fu;feri.ks dkiyk tkr¨( ijarq gk iSlk d¨Bs tkrks o rsokysys deZpkjh R;kaP;k fuo`Ÿkh osrukps dk;\ gk ,d xaÒhj Á'u O;oLFksiq

Qkj iwoÊ ukgh ijarq tsOgk DCPS Á.kkyh dk;kZUohr >kyh rsOgk lekt ek/;ekrwu tquh isU'ku ;¨tuk o DCPS ph rqyuk dj.kkjk ,d rDrk fQjr g¨rk- r¨ d¨.kh fuekZ.k d¢yk] gs Kkr ukgh- R;kr vukfedkcÌy —rKrk O;Dr d:u r¨ rDrk t'kkl rlk ÁLrqr fBdk.kh mn~/k`r djr¨- dkj.k R;k d¢oG ,dk rDR;ke/kwu bR;aÒwr ekfgrh lakx.;kpk Á;Ru d¢yk xsyk-

tquh isU'ku ;¨tuk uohu va'knk;h isU'ku ;¨tuk ¼DCPS½ 1- lsosr vlrkuk e`R;w >kY;koj feG.kkjs ykÒ- 1- lsosr vlrkuk e`R;w >kY;koj feG.kkjs ykÒ- v- dqVqac fuo`Ÿkh osru ¼iRuh½] c- fodykax eqyk @ eqyhl v] c] d] M] b ykxw ukghr- dqVqac fuo`Ÿkh osru] d- minku ¼xzWT;qÃVh½ 7 yk[kkP;k e;kZnsr] M- va'kjk'khdj.k] b- Òfo"; fuokZg fu/khe/;s tek vlysyh laiw.kZ jDde- 2- 'kkjhfjd @ ekufld fodykaxrseqGs lsokfuo`Ÿk deZpkjh- 2- 'kkjhfjd ekufld fodykaxrseqGs lsokfuo`Ÿkh deZpkjh- v- fuo`Ÿkh osru] c- fuo`Ÿkh osrukps va'kjk'khdj.k] d- minku ¼xzWT;wÃVh½ 7 yk[kkP;k e;kZnr] M- Òfo"; fuokZg v] c] d] M ykxw ukgh- fu/khe/;s tek vlysyh laiw.kZ jDde- 3- lDrhus lsokfuo`Ÿk dj.;kr vkysyk deZpkjh- 3- lnj ;¨tusr d¨.krsgh fu;e vfLrRokr ukghr- v- fuo`Ÿkh osru] c- fuo`Ÿkh osrukps va'kjk'khdj.k] d- minku ¼xzWT;wÃVh½ 7 yk[kkP;k e;kZnsr] M- Òfo"; fuokZg fu/khe/;s tek vlysyh laiw.kZ jDde- 4- fu-os- @ dq-fu-os- lkBh osruke/kwu dikr dj.;kr ;sr 4- lsokfuo`Ÿkh uarj feG.kkjs ykÒ iw.kZr% osruke/kwu ukgh- dj.;kr vkysY;k dikrhoj ¼10 VDd¢½ vk/kkjhr vkgs- 5- lsosr vlrkuk o fuo`Ÿkhuarj mn~Òo.kkÚ;k egŸokP;k 5- vMp.khlkBh lkodkjh dtZ Äs.;kf'kok; ekxZ ukgh- vMp.khdjhrk 'kklukus Òfo"; fuokZg fu/kh lq: d¢yh g¨rh- 6- lsok fuo`Ÿkhuarj fuo`Ÿkh osrukf'kok; feG.kkjh ,dw.k 6- 'kklukdMwu tek jdesf'kok; d¨.krsgh lsokfuo`Ÿkh jDde ¼minku $ v'kajk'khdj.k $ Ò-fu-fu-½ fo"k;d ykÒ ns.;kr ;s.kkj ukghr- ¼tek jdesP;k 60 Dykl 1 deZpkjh& ljkljh 29 y{k #- VDd¢ jDde feGsy-½ Dykl 2 deZpkjh& ljkljh 20 y{k #- Dykl 3 deZpkjh& ljkljh 14 y{k #- Dykl 4 deZpkjh& ljkljh 10 y{k #- 7- lsok fuo`Ÿkh /kkjdkl osG¨osGh ykxw g¨.kkÚ;k osrukrhy 7- deZpkÚ;kauk d¨.krkgh ykÒ feG.kkj ukgh- cny ¼osru vk;¨x½ egkxkà bR;knheqGs fuo`Ÿkh osurke/;s

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ok< g¨rs- 8- fuo`Ÿkh osru @ dqVqac fuo`Ÿkh osru ¼dehr deh ½ ckcr 8- iw.kZr% tek jdesoj vlY;kus R;k jdesP;k fdeku 2882 o lgkO;k osru vk;¨xkuqlkj R;koj vuqKs; e;kZnsrp ¼40 VDd¢½ e/;sp mnjfuokZg djkok ykxsy- egkxkà ҟkk e;kZnk ns.;kr vkyh vkgs- R;keqGs fuo`Ÿkh osru /kkjdkl @ dqVqac fuo`Ÿkh osru /kkjdkl lsospk [kwi Qjd iMr ukgh- 9- deZpkjh @ fuo`Ÿkh osru /kkjd g;kr ulrkuk dqVqackyk 9- deZpkjh @ fuo`Ÿkh osru/kkjd g;kr ulrkuk iw.kZ laj{k.k ns.;kr vkys vkgs- dqVqackyk d¨.krssgh laj{k.k ns.;kr vkysys ukgh- 10- deZpkÚ;kP;k fgrkP;k vuq"kaxkus ÁR;sd x¨"V foLr`r 10- dqBykgh fo"k; foLr`r ukgh- uewn d¢yh vkgs- 11- e-uk-ls-fu- 1982 o e-uk-ls-fu- 1984 djrkuk deZpkjh 11- 'kklukus DCPS ;¨tuk vk.krkuk e-uk-ls-fu- fgrkP;k vuq"kaxkus dk;nk cufo.;kr vkyk vkgs- o R;k 1982 e/;s lq/kkj.kk vlk 'kCnÁ;¨x d:u Áek.ks fo/kkulHkk o fo/kku ifj"knsus dk;ns d¢ys vkgsr- deZpkÚ;kaph Qlo.kwd d¢yh vkgs- ÁR;{kkr 1982 e/khy ,dgh rjrqn uohu fu;qDr deZpkÚ;kl ykxw ukgh- ;klaca/kh fo/kkulÒk o fo/kku ifj"knse/;s ÁLrko ekaMyk ukgh o uohu dk;nkgh d¢yk ukgh- v'kk Ádkjs vki.kkl tquh isU'ku ;¨tuk o DCPS e/khy rQkor d'kk Lo#ikph vkgs] gs riklwu ikgrk ;sÃy- jk"Vªh; fuo`Ÿkhosru Á.kkyh ¼NPS½ % PFRDA Eg.ktsp isU'ku fu/kh fofu;ked vkf.k fodkl Ákf/kdj.k ;kaP;kdMwu NPS Eg.ktsp isU'ku Á.kkyh 01 tkusokjh 2004 iklwu lw: dj.;kr vkyh- l'kL= lsukny oxGrk gh ;¨tuk lok±uk ykxw >kyh- 01 es 2009 iklwu gh ;¨tuk ns'kÒjkrhy vlaÄfVr {ks=krhy dkexkjkaukgh ,sfPNd i)rhus ykxw >kyh- NPS pk mÌs'k Li"V djrkuk Ákeq[;kus n¨u ckcÈoj y{k os/kY;k xsys- v- isU'ku ÁfØ;sr lq/kkj.kk dj.ks vkf.k c- lsok fuo`ŸkhlkBh ukxfjdkae/;s cprhph lo; ok

Äs.ks vlk l¨f;Ldj vFkZ Äsryk vkgs-

NPS P;k vusd oSf'k"VÓkaiSdh ,d oSf'k"VÓ egŸokps vkgs- R;kdMs eh y{k os/kw bfPNr¨- t¨i;±r fu;ferfjR;k d¢afæ; vfÒys[k laj{k.k Ákf/kdj.k rFkk fuo`Ÿkh osru fu/kh Áca/kdkph fu;qDrh g¨r ukgh] r¨i;±r Çdok ÁR;sd O;Drhph tek /kujk'kh R;kauk lqiwnZ dj.;kr ;s.kkj ukgh] r¨i;±r gh loZ jDde Òkjr ljdkjP;k y¨d[kkR;ke/;s tek

Bso.;kr ;sÃy- Eg.kts ns'kÒjkrwu njefguk gtkj¨d¨Vh :i;s NPS P;k ukos tek g¨r vlwugh R;k laca/khps Ákf/kdkj.k xfBr djrk ;sÅ u;s gh uohu deZpkÚ;kaP;k fuo`Ÿkhosruk'kh vki.k fdrh tkx:d vkg¨r gsp ljdkjus nk[kowu fnys vkgs- DCPS /kkjdkaP;k Òfo";k'kh [ksG.;kpkp gk Ádkj Eg.kkok ykxsy-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 vtwui;±r rjh NPS varxZr ;s.kkÚ;k d¨.kR;kgh ofj"B egkfo|ky;hu Ák/;kidkl PRAN (Perment Retirement Account Number) Eg.ktsp dk;eLo#ih lsokfuo`Ÿkh [kkrs Øekad feGkysyk ukgh- PRAN Øekad ;klkBh vko';d vkgs] dh ts.ksd:u lacaf/kr deZpkjh vkiyh tek/kujk'kh fdrh vkgs Çdok ljdkjus R;kr rsokyk vkgs dk\ oxSjs oxSjs p©d'kh d: 'kdr¨- ijarq v'kk

Ádkjpk d¨.krkp PRAN uacj d¨.kkykgh ÁkIr >kyk ukgh] vls [ksnkus Eg.kkos ykxsy- ex vkrk r¨ fof'k"V Øekad feGkyk ukgh Eg.kwu >xMk;ps dh uohu isU'ku ;¨tuk can djk Eg.kwu ÒkaMk;ps vlk Á'u deZpkÚ;kale¨j mÒk Vkdyk vkgs- vki.k dk; d¢ys ikfgts %

loZÁFke laÄfVr g¨.ks egŸokps vkgs- dkj.k gk Á'u dkgh oS;fDrd Lo#ikpk jkfgysyk ukgh- DCPS eqGs ÁR;sd deZpkjh =Lr vkgs- ,dVÓk&nqdVÓkus y

'kDrhyk egŸo vlY;keqGs DCPS xzLrkauh ,d= ;s.ks] Á'ukps xkaÒh;Z letwu Äs.ks vko';d vkgs- [kjsrj y¨ddY;k.kdkjh jkT; Eg.kowu Äsr vlrkuk c¡Fke Çdok t‚u LVqvVZ fey bR;knh mi;qDrrkoknh fopkjoar Eg.krkr R;kÁek.ks jkT;kus vf/kdkf/kd y¨dkaps vf/kd lq[k ikgko;kl ikfgts- vU;Fkk rs jkT; dY;k.kdkjh g¨Å 'kdr ukgh- vkt loZ= vdY;k.kkP;k ckch le¨j ;sr vlrkuk vkiys dY;k.k vki¨vki g¨Ãy] v'kh bPNk Bso.ks Eg.ktsp Lor%p Lor%'kh d¢ysyh Árkj.kk Bjsy-

vkt ns'kÒjkr loZ= ;k ;¨tusP;k foj¨/kkr ,d okrkoj.k fuekZ.k >kys vkgs- R;k y¨dy<Ókyk vki.k iq"Vh fnyh ikfgts- y¨d'kkgh ekxkZus] d¨.krkp vuqfpr Ádkj u djrk] vR;ar lafo/kkfud y

lanÒZ %

1- ejkBh fo'od¨'k] [kaM&vkB] lwph ngk] ^fuo`Ÿkh osru*- 2- egkjk"Vª 'kklukps DCPS laca/kh loZ 'kklu fu.kZ;- 3- Jh- lat; oSdqaBjko ;sordj] ;orekG ;kaps ekfgrhP;k vf/kdkjkr ÁkIr >kysys i=- 4- vufedkpk rDrk] tquh isU'ku ;¨tuk o DCPS-

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 199

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ^^”kkldh; deZpk&;klkaBh fuo`rh osru ;kstuk %& leL;k o fpark** (Pension Scheme For Government Employees : Issues and Concerns)

izk- MkW-lk/kuk Mh- ok?kkMs Lkgk¸;d izk/;kid x`gvFkZ”kkL= foHkkx izeq[k dyk o okf.kT; inoh egkfo|ky; isVªksy iai (tokgjuxj½ rk- ft-HkaMkjk sadhanawaghade @ gmail-com izLrkouk %&

egkjk’Vª ukxjh lsok fuo`rh osru 1982 uqlkj fuo`rh osru Eg.kts “kkldh; deZpk&;kus dsysY;k pkaxY;k okx.kqdhcÌy o pkaxY;k dkefxjhcÌy R;kyk lsokfuo`rhuarj ns.;kar ;s.kkjh ekfld jDde gks;- ƒ uksOgsacj „ŒŒ‡ iwohZP;k deZpk&;kaukp ;k fu;ekavarxZr fuo`rh osru fo’k;kpk ykHk vuqKs; vkgs- ;k ;kstusl ik= vl.kkjk deZpkjh dk;e @ LFkk;hRokpk nk[kyk izkIr >kysyk vlkok- lsok ufo`rhP;k fno”kh foHkkxh; pkSd”kh ok iksyhl pkSd”kh izyafcr ulkoh- deZpk&;kal uk pkSd”kh izek.ki= feG.ks xjtsps vkgs- ;k fuo`rh osrukps izdkj [kkyhyizek.ks vkgsr-

ƒ- fu;r o;kseku fuo`rh osru %& vgrkZdkjh lsosph rhl o’ksZ ok lsok fuo`rhps o;kseku >kY;koj deZpkjh fuo`Rr gksrks-@ R;kyk lsok fuo`Rr dsys tkrs-

„- LosPNk fuo`rh osru %& vgrkZdkjh lsosph fol o’ksZ >kY;koj deZpkjh fuo`Rr gksÅ “kdrks- i.k fu;qDrh vf/kdk&;kph ijokuxh vko”;d vkgs-

…- #X.krk fuo`rh osru %& izd`rh vLokLFkkP;k dkj.kkLro “kY; fpfdRldkauh dk;eLo:ph vik= vkgs vls izekf.kr dsY;kl fuo`Rr djrk ;srs- vktkj okbZV lo;hP;k ifj.kkaekus >kyk vlY;kl fuo`rh osru vuqKs; ukgh-

†- lDrhps fuo`Rrh osru %& gk f”k{kspk izdkj vlwu ;k izdkjkar f”k{kk ns.kkjk vf/kdkjh ƒ@… Ik;Zar dikr d: “kdrks-

‡- vuqdaik fuo`Rrh osru %& cMrQhZ ok dkeko:u dk

ˆ- dqVqac fuo`Rrh osru %& lsosr dk;e vl.;kph vko”;drk ukgh- lsosr vlrkauk e`R;w >kyk rjh o lsosuarjgh e`R;w >kykrjh vuqKs; vkgs- lkr o’kkZis{kk lsok tkLr vl.ks vko”;d vkgs- ;kdjhrk fo/kok vlsi;Zar iqufoZokg >kyk rjh vuqKs; vkgs- ek= fo/kwj g;kar vls Ik;Zar vFkok iqufoZokg rkjh[k ;krhy vk/kh ?kMsy rksi;Zar-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 eqykps o; „ƒ o’ksZ iw.kZ gksbZi;Zar vFkok vFkkZtZu lq# djhi;Zar- eqyxh o; „† o’ksZ iw.kZ gksbZi;Zar vFkok fookg gksbZ I;Zar vFkok vFkkZtu lq: djhi;Zar ;krhy ts vk/kh ?kMsy rksi;Zar-

ekufld fodykax viR;kl g;kar Hkj “kY; fpfdRldkps izek.ki= o mithfodk dj.;kal vleFkZ vlY;kps [kk=h gks.;kps vf/ku jkgwu- ,dqyrk ,d vfookghr deZpk&;kpas vkbZ oMhy tj R;kps oj iw.kZi.ks voyacwu vlY;kal R;kauk vuqKs; vkgs- ?kVLQksV >kY;koj vuqKs; ukgh- ijarw U;k;hd Qkjdrhps dkGkr vuqKs; vkgs-

oSokghd tksMhnkj vik= vlyk rjh viR;kauk dqVqac fuo`Rrh osru nsrk ;srs- fOnHkk;kZ dk;nk ykxw ulysY;k deZpk&;kaP;k fo/kok iRuhauk le izek.kkar okVi djrk ;srs-

fnukad ƒ uksOgsacj „ŒŒ‡ jksth fdaok R;kuarj jkT; “kklukP;k lsosr fu;qDr >kysys@ gks.kkjs loZ vf/kdkjh rlsp fnukad ƒ tkusokjh „ŒŒ† jksth ok R;kuarj lsosr fu;qDr >kysys @gks.kkjs egkjk’Vª laoaxkZrhy vf[ky Hkkjrh; lsosrhy vf/kdkjh ;kauk jk’Vªh; fuo`Rrh osru ;kstuk ykxw gksbZy- jk’Vªh; fuo`Rrh osru ;kstusph lq:okr ƒ- tkusokjh „ŒŒ† iklwu >kyh izxr ns”kkr lkekftd lqjf{krrs lkBhP;k ;kstuk vkgsr- ;k ;kstuk Hkkjrkr ulY;keqGs ;k ;kstusph vko”;drk Hkklyh- lalnsP;k isU”ku fo/ks;dkP;k eatwjhuarj ^^ isaU”ku QaM jsX;qysVjh vWaM MsOgyiesaV vFkkWfjVh ** vFkkZr ih,QvkjMh, ph LFkkiuk „… vkWx’V „ŒŒ… jksth >kyh ;k fo/ks;dkus ;k laLFksl fu;a=d Eg.kwu dk;nsf”kj vf/kdkj cgky dj.;kar vkys- ;k ;kstusr nksu izdkjkr [kkrs m?kMys tkrs-

dsanz ljdkjps iUukl yk[k deZpkjh ;k vkf/kp ;k ;kstus[kkyh vkysys vkgsr- ns”kkrhy vðkfol jkT;s o dsanz”kklhr izns”k ;kaps deZpkjh yodjp ;k ;kstus[kkyh ;s.kkj vkgsr- ikp jkT; ljdkjkauh ;k vk/khp izkMk “kh vkiY;k deZpkjh isaU”ku ;kstuklkBhps fu/khps O;oLFkkiu dj.;klkBh djkj dsys vkgsr- ^izkMk *ekxhy vdjk o’kkZiklwu isaU”ku QaMkph fu;a=d Eg.kwu dke djhr vkgs- ;k izfØ;sr ,u-,l*Mh- ,y-gh laLFkk e/;orhZ jsdkWMZ fdij

,tUlh (vkj- ds- ,-) ;k ukaokus loZ O;ogkjkph uksan Bso.kkj vkgs- isaU”ku QaM gk ,dk U;klkdMs tek gks.kkj vlwu lektkrhy ekU;oj ;k U;klkoj fo”oLr Eg.kwu dk;Zjr vkgsr- [kklnkjkps HkRrs ]isU”ku] vknh fo/ks;d foukppkZ eatwj dj.kk&;k lalnsus ngk o’kkZP;k nIrj fnjaxkbZus ikolkGh vf/kos”kukr lIVscj „Œƒ… e/;s lkekU; ukxjhdkaP;k thouk”kh fuxMhr vl.kkjs isU”ku lq/kkj.kk fo/ks;d eatwj dsys- ƒŠ lIVsacj „Œƒ… jksth jk’Vªirh iz.ko eq[kthZ ;kauh Lok{kjh d:u fo/ks;dkps dk;|kr #ikarj dsys- gk dk;nk isaU”ku jsX;qysVjh vWaM MsOgyiesaV vWDV „Œƒ… ;k ukokaus vksG[kyk tkrks-

ƒ-tkusokjh „ŒŒ† uarj ljdkjh lsosr nk[ky >kysY;k deZpk&;kaP;k lsok”krhZr fuo`rh osrukpk lekos”k ukgh- vls deZpkjh lDrhus ;k ;kstusps lHkkln gksrkr- o eqG osrukP;k ƒŒ VDds jDde osrukrwu ljdkj dkiwu ?ksÅu ;k ;kstusr tek djrs- fu/kh O;oLFkkid Eg.kwu vk;-l-hvk;-lh-vk;-QzqMsaf”k;y isU”ku QaMl eWustesaV daiuh

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 fyehVsM] dksVd] efganz isU”ku QaMl fyfeVsM] ,l-ch-vk;- QaMl fyfeVsM] ;qVhvk; fjVk;jesaV lksY;q”ku fyfeVsM ;kauk ekU;rk fnyh xsyh vkgs- lHkklnkalkBh fu;e o vVh %&

ƒ- ;k ;kstusP;k lHkklnkus dehr deh ikp”ks :i;s izfr efguk oxZuh tek dj.ks ca/kudkjd vkgs- „- dehrdeh ,d o’kZ rjh oxZ.kh tek djr Bsokoh ykxrs- ,dk o’kkZr dehr deh :- ˆŒŒŒ@& tek gks.ks vko”;d vkgs- …- ojhy iSdh ,dk vVhph tjh iwrZrk oxZ.khnkjkus dsyh ukgh rj R;ko’khZ :- ƒŒŒ@& naM vkdkj.;kar ;srks-o [kkrs LFkxhr dj.;kar ;srs- vVhph iwrZrk o naM HkjY;kuarj [kkrs iqUgk lq: gksrs-

jk’Vªh; isU”ku ;kstuk gh] fuo`rh uarjph cpr dj.;klkBh lo; ykxkoh Eg.kwu Hkkjr ljdkjus lq# dsysyh ;kstuk vkgs- ;k ;kstusP;k varxZr dsysyh cpr gh ekU;rkizkIr “ksvlZ] ljdkjh jks[ks] dkWiksZjsV MhcsaplZ ;ke/;s foHkkxwu xqarfoyh tkrs- izkIrhdj dk;|kP;k dye ŠŒ lh vUo;s dj otkoVhlkBh cgqrsd vusd jk’Vªh; isU”ku ;kstusr xqaro.kwd djrkr- xqaro.kqdhP;k ok

dye ŠŒ lh P;k varxZr nhM yk[k :Ik;ki;Zarph xqaro.kwd djotkoVhl ik= vlrs- ;kar deZpkjh Hkfo’; fuokZg fu/kh ¼ bih,Q½ lkoZtfud Hkfo’; fuokZg fu/kh ¼ ihih,Q½ vk;qfoZE;kpk gIrk] jk’Vhª; cpr izek.ki=s ¼ ,u-,l- lh-½]eqykaph V;q”ku Qh] vkf.k x`gdtsZ eqÌy vls fofo/k Ik;kZ; ;srkr- dye ŠŒ lhlhMh ¼1ch½ varxZr^^,u-ih-,l- e/khy :- ‡Œ]ŒŒŒ@ xqaro.kqdhph jDde vfrjhDr djotkoVhl ik= vlrs- gh jDde ŠŒ lhP;k e;kZns O;frjhDr vkgs- Eg.ktsp dye ŠŒ lh varxZr :- nhM yk[kki;Zar otkoV feGw “kdrs- vkf.k ^^ ,u-ih-,l-** e/khy xqaro.kwdhoj vk.k[kh :- ‡Œ]ŒŒŒ@ vfrfjDr otkoV feGw “kdrs-

^^ ,u-ih-,l-**gh fn?kZdkGkph ;kstu vlwu rqEgkyk fof”k’V vVhuqlkj iSls feGrkr- ƒ- o; o’ksZ ˆŒ iw.kZ >kY;koj eqnr iwohZP;k osGh xqaro.kqdhP;k ¼ isaU”kufu/kh½ fdeku †Œ VDds jDde ftouHkjkP;k isU”ku foØhlkBh xqarokoh ykxrs- vkf.k ckdhph jDde ,djdeh dkkY;kl okjlkyk ¼ukWfeuh½ ,u-ih-,l-e/khy ƒŒŒ VDds jDde ,d jdeh feG.;kph lks; vkgs- fdaok ukWfeuhyk ,u-ih-,l lq# Bsok;ph vlsy rj ^^ ds-ok;-lh-** izØh;k iw.kZ d#u

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 R;kyk ,u-ih-,l ps lnL;Ro ?ksrk ;srs- vFkZladYikrhy uO;k izLrkokuqlkj ] Loa;ajkstxkjhr O;fDrP;k

dj cprhcjkscjp fuo`rh uarjphgh rjrwn dj.kk&;k ^^,u-ih-,l ** fo’k;h vusd ukxfjd vufHkK vlY;kps y{kkr ;srs fuoMd cWadkcjkscjp LVkWd gksfYMax dkWiksZjs”ku vkWQ bafM;kP;k dk;kZy;ke/;sgh gs [kkrs lq: djrk ;srs- i.k vusd cWadke/;sgh R;kckcr Qkj”kkh ekfgrh ulY;kps tk.kors- R;keqGs ;k ;kstusckcr vki.kp ltx jkgwu R;kr lgHkkxh >kys ikfgtsr- o R;kpk ykHk d#u ?ksryk ikfgts- lanHkZ xzaFk 1 egkjk’Vª ukxjh lsok fuo`rh osru 1982 %& egkjk’Vª “kklu 2- www.google.com.

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 203

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 isU'ku ;kstuk vkSj lkekftd lqj{kk izk- MkW- mekorh eksgupUnz iokj] fgUnh foHkkx izeq[k] ,e- ch- iVsy egkfo|ky;] lkysdlk] ft- xksafn;k eksckbZy ua- 9021964879

euq"; dh izkFkfed vko';drkvksa esa jksVh] diM+k vkSj edku bu rhu izeq[k vko';drkvksa ds lkFk gh lkFk ge lcdks ekufld :Ik ls lkekftd o vkfFkZd lqj{kk dh Hkh vko';drk eglwl gksrh gSA 25 ls 30 o"kZ rd viuh ljdkjh ;k v/kZ ljdkjh ukSdjh djrs le; mudks lsokfuo`fRr ds mijkUr iM+us okyh vkfFkZd lqj{kk dh fpUrk yxh gh jgrh gSAlsok fuo`fRr ds ckn og viuk thou fuf'pr gksdj fcrk ldsA blh mn~ns'; ls lsokfuo`fRr ds mijkUr isU'ku dk flyflyk cuk jgs ;g lHkh pkgrs gSA o`/nkoLFkk esa vusd fcekfj;kW o detksjh ?ksjus yxrh gS vkSj ml le; :Ik;ksa dh vko';drk gksrh gh gS D;ksafd viuh ;qok voLFkk ftl O;fDr us lsok esa yxk nh gksA mldk cq

ij fdlh mtMs gq, dks fQj clkuk dc euk gSA gSa va/ksjh jkr] ij fn;k tykuk dc euk gSA

vFkkZr lsokfuo`fRr ds mijkUr os mtMs gq;s ds leku ugh gksxso mUgs vkaf'kd [kq'kh rks thou Hkj ds dk;Z ds mijkUr nsdj eukscy c<+k;k tk ldrk gS rFkk mudks migkjLo:Ik isU'ku nsus dh O;oLFkk gksuh pkfg,A osru dk vFkZ izk- lq/kkdj ekudj ds vuqlkj bl izdkj gS& ^^fuo`fRr osru fo"k;d fofo/k ykHkkaP;k ifjx.kuslkBh ^osru* ;k laKspk vFkZ egkjk"Vª ukxjh lsok (fuo`fRr osru) fu;e1982 e/khy fu;e 9 (36)(,d) e/;s O;k[;k dsY;kuqlkj 'kkldh; deZpk&;kl R;kP;k fuo`fRriwohZ@e`R;qP;k fnukadkiwohZ feGr vlysys ewG osru vlk jkghy-**1

ukSdjh djus okys yksxksa dh vkenuh vyx&vyx izdkj ls gksrh gSA tks lsokfuo`Rr gksus ij mUgs vkdf"kZr djrh gSA tks mUgs vglkl djkrh gS fd ukSdjh djrs le; mudk thou dSlk FkkA lcls O;kid :Ik ls Kkr nks vk; /kkjkvksa esa isU'ku vkSj lkekftd lqj{kk dks 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gSA bu for iksf"kr nks dk;Zdzeks dks iwjh rjg ls vyx

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 204

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ifjHkkf"kr ykHkdkjh ;kstukvksa ds :Ik esa tkuk tkrk gSA D;ksafd lsokfuo`fRr esa vkidks tks Hkqxrku jkf'k feysxh og igys ls r; ;k ifjHkkf"kr gSA**2

isU'ku deZpkfj;ksa ds Hkfo"; ds ykHk gsrw fu;ksDrk Onkjk cuk;k x;k ,d futh lsokfuo`fRr dk [kkrk gSA dqN dkuwuksa vkSj fofu;eksas ls fu;ksDrk 'kkflr gksrs gSA vr% os deZpkfj;ksa dks isU'ku Onkjk enn djrs gSA;ksX;rk izkIr gksus ij mUgs ukSdjh iznku dh tkrh gS rFkk mUgs dk;Z ds cnys osru fn;k tkrk gSA lsokfuo`Rr gksus ij ml deZpkjh dks tek iwath dk dqN va'k izR;sd ekg iznku fd;k tkrk gSA gj LFkku ij isU'ku dk vFkZ vyx Hkh fy;k tkrk gSA tSls vksfg;ksa esa jkT; dk;ZdrkZ lkekftd lqj{kk ds cnys vksfg;ksa lkoZtfud deZpkjh lsokfuo`Rrh iz.kkyh esa Hkqxrku djrs gSA

futh isU'ku vnk;xhdbZ ifjfLFkfr;ksa ij fuHkZj djrh gSA mnk- ds fy;s deZpkjh us ogka fdruh nsj rd dk;Z fd;k gS rFkk mldh ru[kk fdruh Fkh dqN ekeyks esa O;fDr dks ekfld] okf"kZd ;k ,d gh ckj esa vnk;xh dh tkrh gSA iwoZ esa fu;ksDrkvksa dks ;kstukvkssa esa vfrfjDr isU'ku laifRr cuk;s j[kus dh vko';drk Fkh vkSj nwljs [kpksZ ds fy, /ku dk mi;ksx ugh djuk Fkk rkfd ml jkf'k dks ik= O;fDr;ksa dks ftUgs lsokfuo`fRr ij vko';drk gks mUgs gh bl jkf'k ls en~n iznku dh tkrh FkhA mnk-^^dbZ lky igys bu fu;ksDrkvksa us dkWaxzsl dks isa'ku fu;eks esa la'kks/ku djus esa izksRlkfgr fd;k vkSj mUgsa vU; deZpkjh ykHkksa ds fy, /ku dk mi;ksx djus dh vuqefr nh tSls fd fjVk;j LokLF; ;kstuk vkSj izkjafHkd lsokfuo`fRr Hkqxrku vesfjdh daifu;ksa ds usLV ,Xl ls gkmUl daiuht ywV vkSj ykHk dh vkuh iqLrd eas ,ysu 'kqYRl us dgk fd bu cnykoksa us dbZ daifu;ksa dks vlac/n daiuh dkWQlZ esa isa'ku ifjlaifRr;ksa dks LFkkukarfjr djus dk usr`Ro fd;kA blds ifj.kke Lo:Ik isa'ku ds iSls de gks x, vkSj varr% isa'ku QaM ls de gks x,A**3 futh {ks= dh daifu;ksa us /khjs&/khjs isU'ku dh ;kstuk ij jksd yxk;hA,d erkuqlkj isU'ku gh lkekftd lqj{kk ugh gks ldrhA ogha nwljh vksj isU'ku dks lkekftd lqj{kk dk vk/kkj Hkh ekuk tkrk gSA ;fn vkids ifr ;k ekrk&firk us vius dkedkth o"kksZ dks nkSjku isU'ku iz.kkyh esa dqN va'k jDde tek fd;k rks os vkSj vki Hkh ekfld ykHk izkIr djus ds fy;s ik= jgsaxsA Hkqxrku dh ek=k ml mez ds vk/kkj ij fHkUu gksrh gSA isU'ku dks vkidh vkenuh dks iwjh rjg ls cnyus ;k lsokfuof`Rr esa vkidh lHkh foRrh; vko';drkvksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, lkekftd lqj{kk iw.kZ ;kstuk ugh ekuk tk ldrkA

lekftd lqj{kk vkSj isU'ku ds e/; dbZ izdkj ds vU; Hksn Hkh gSA lkekftd lqj{kk ,d fodykax chek dk;Zdze Hkh iznku djrh gSA tks Jfedksa dks Ik;kZIr /ku m/kkj nsdj Hkh mUgs ykHkkfUor djrh gSA tks O;oLFkk dh n`f"V ls dk;Z vkSj mlds cnys esa jDde vftZr djrh gSA tc deZpkjh ukSdjh djrs le; nq?kZVuk xzLr gks tkrk gS rFkk dk;Z djus esa v{ke gksrk gS rc gh fodykax isU'ku ;kstuk dk ykHk mls feyrk gSA gkykafd mudh iRuh;ksa dks Hkh vkaf'kd isU'ku dk Hkqxrku izkIr gks ldrk gSA deZpkjh dh e`R;q ds mijkUr mlds cPps dks Hkh ckfyd gksus rd lkekftd lqj{kk ds ukrs isU'ku nh tkrh gSA lsokfuo`fRr ij ,d eq'r&jDde dh vnk;xh Onkjk Hkh isU'ku iznku dh tk ldrh gSA

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 205

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 vr% ge dg ldrs gS fd isU’ku Onkjk gh lkekftd lqj{kk feysxh vU;Fkk ugha ;g rdZ Hkzked gks ldrk gS ijarq thou esa gj O;fDr dks ges'kk deZBrk o vPNs dk;ksZ ds Onkjk lekt dh lsok djuh pkfg;s ftlls mls [kq'kh feys o lsokfuo`fRr ds ckn Hkh lekt dks mlds vuqHkoksa dk Qk;nk feyrk jgsaA lanHkZxzaFk lwph %&

1) flfu;j dkWyst gWMcqd , jsMh jsQjUl] [kaM frljk] laiknd izk- lq/kkdj ekudj] vrqy ifCyds'kUl] dksYgkiwj i`- dz- 245 2) baVjusV Onkjk isU'ku ;kstuk vkSj lkekftd lqj{kk] ls fy;kA 3) baVjusV Onkjk isU'ku ;kstuk vkSj lkekftd lqj{kk] ls fy;kA

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 206

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk % orZeku le; dh ekax

MkW- oanuk ,p- tkedj ¼xzaFkky; foHkkx izeq[k½ ;'koarjko xqM/ks ikVhy egkfo|ky;] fgax.kk jksM] ukxiwj&16- izLrkouk %&

izR;sd euq"; dks thou ;kiu djus gsrq /ku dh vko';drk gksrh gS] fdUrq kSrk ugha djuk gksxkA vkt ge lcdks orZeku le; esa tkxuk gksxk vkSj Hkfo"; ds izfr fpark djrs gq, dkSu lh isa'ku ;kstuk gekjs fy, ykHknk;d gS ,oe~ dkSu lh isa'ku ;kstuk uqdlkunk;d bl ckr dh fpark djuh gksxh tks vkidks o`/nkoLFkk esa ykHk nsA

tSlk dh vki lHkh tkurs gS dsUnz ljdkj us 01 tuojh 2004 ls iqjkuh isa'ku Ldhe [kRe djds m-iz- ljdkj us 1 vizSy 2005 ds ckn LFkk;h gq, lHkh dkeZpkfj;ksa ds fy, u;h isa'ku ;kstuk 'kq: dh fdUrq u;h isa'ku ;kstuk ,oe~ iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk esa dkQh varj gSA djhc 14 o"kZ igys 2004 esa ykxw dh x;h u;h isa'ku uhfr dk ljdkjh deZpkjh fojks/k dj jgs gS D;ksafd ;g isa'ku ;kstuk deZpkfj;ksa ds fgr esa ugha gS lHkh deZpkfj;ksa dk ekuuk gS fd ubZ isa'ku ;kstuk dh txg iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk fuf'pr dh tk;s rkdh lsokfuo`Rrh ds i'pkr~ deZpkjh ds ifjokj dk Hkfo"; lqjf{kr gks ldsA u;h isa'ku ;kstuk 'ks;j ekdsZV ij vk/kkfjr O;oLFkk dks ysdj gSA iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk dk 'ks;j ekdsZV ls dksbZ laca/k ugh FkkA iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk esa bl ckr dh xkWjaVh Fkh dh deZpkjh dks muds osru dk vk/kk mls isa'ku ds rkSj ij feysxkA lkFk gh izfro"kZ feyus okys o osru vk;ksx esa Hkh o`/nh gksxhA D.A. bl rjg iqjkuh isa'ku O;oLFkk ds ykHk ,oa ubZ isa'ku O;oLFkk dh gkfu;ksa ij vk/kkfjr fcanq bl izdkj gS & iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk %&

• iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk deZpkfj;ksa }kjk dh x;h lsokvksa ds QyLo:i fcuk fdlh va'knku ds ljdkj }kjk iznku dh tkrh gSA vFkkZr iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk esa deZpkfj;ksa ds osru esa dksbZ dVkSrh ugha gksrhA

• iqjkuh isa'ku okyksa ds fy, th-ih-,Q- dh lqfo/kk miyC/k gSA

iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk ds varxZr lsokfuo`Rr ds le; ,d fuf'pr isa'ku ¼vafre osru dk 50 ½ dh xkWj.Vh gSA • %

• iqjkuh isa'ku iq.kZr;k ljdkj }kjk iznku dh tkrh gSA

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 • iqjkuh isa'kuokyksa dks lsokfuo`Rrh ij vafre osrukuqlkj 16-5 xquk jk'kh xzsT;qVh ds :i esa feyrh gS rFkk lsokdky esa ;fn e`R;q gks tkus ij MsFk xzsP;qVh feyrh gSA

• iqjkuh isa'ku O;oLFkk ds vuqlkj ;fn lsokdky esa deZpkjh dh e`R;q gks tk;s rks ifjtuksa dks ikfjokfjd isa'ku feyrh gSA

iqjkuh isa'ku cxSj fdlh va'knku ds feyrh gSA blds vfrfjDr deZpkjh viuh bPNkuqlkj ds :i esa vius • GPF osru ls dVkSrh djok ldrk gSA

iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk ds varxZr ij yksu lqfo/kk miyC/k gS rFkk fudklh ij dksbZ vk;dj ugha yxrkA • GPF GPF rFkk ds fy, fuf'pr C;ktnj fu/kkZfjr gksrh gSA GPF

• iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk ds rgr egaxkbZ HkRrk o osru vk;ksxks dk Hkh ykHk feyrk gS] vFkkZr iqjkuh isa'ku u;s osru vk;ksxks dh laLrqfr;ksa ds vk/kkj ij gj ckj gksrh gS] lkFk fg izR;sd 6 ekg ij egaxkbZ HkRrk Hkh izkIr Fix (DA) gksrk gSA ubZ isa'ku ;kstuk %&

• ubZ isa'ku ;kstuk iw.kZr% 'ks;j cktkjksa ij vk/kkfjr gSA

• ubZ isa'ku ;kstuk esa deZpkfj;ksa ds osru dh 10 izfr'kr dVkSrh dh tk;sxhA

• ubZ isa'ku ;kstuk esa th-ih-,Q- dh lqfo/kk ugh gSA

• ubZ isa'ku ;kstuk esa fdruh jk'kh feysxh fuf'pr ugh gSA ;g isa'ku ;kstuk iw.kZr% 'ks;j cktkj ,oa chek daifu;ksa ij vk/kkfjr gSA

• ubZ isa'ku chek daifu;ksa n~okjk iznku dh tk;sxh rFkk ;fn dksbZ leL;k vkrh gS rks gesa ljdkj ls ugha cfYd chek daiuh ls yM+uk iM+sxkA

• ubZ isa'ku ;kstuk esa xzsT;qVh dh dksbZ O;oLFkk ugh gS rFkk MsFk xzsP;qVh dh Hkh lqfo/kk lekIr dj nh x;h gSA

• ubZ isa'ku esa deZpkjh dh e`R;q ds i'pkr~ ikfjokfjd isa'ku dh Hkh dksbZ O;oLFkk ugh gSA

• ubZ isa'ku ;kstuk esa fuf'pr isa'ku feysxhA isa'ku /kkjdksa dks egaxkbZ HkRrk o osru vk;ksx dk ykHk ugh fey ik;sxkA

• ubZ isa'ku ;kstuk esa yksu lqfo/kk Hkh lekIr dj nh x;h gS fdUrq fof'k"V ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa isa'ku/kkjdksa dks fjQaMscy yksu fey ldrk gSA

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ubZ isa'ku ;kstuk esa tc fjVk;jesaV ij tks tks va'knku dk 60 okil feysxk ml ij vk;dj yxsxkA • % milagkj %&

vkt iqjs ns'k esa 2003 ds ckn fu;qDr gksus okys deZpkfj;ksa esa ubZ isa'ku ;kstuk dks ysdj fojks/k c< jgk gSA Hkkjrh; lafo/kku esa lcdks lekurk dk vf/kdkj fn;k gS ysfdu le;kuqlkj ;g lekurk] vlekurk esa ifjofrZr gks x;hA ;s dSlh lekurk gS fd ,d gh in ij fu;qDr dehZ tc lsokfuo`Rr gksrs gS rks ,d dehZ dks 25 gtkj dh isa'ku o mrus gh lsokdkyckn nwljs dehZ dks 1 gtkj dh isa'ku] bls le; dh foMacuk dgs ;k deZpkfj;ksa dk nqHkkZX; ,d vksj ,dckj tuizfrfuf/k pqus tkus ds ckn ,d usrk reke mez isa'ku dk gdnkj cu tkrk gS pkgs og 5 o"kZ dk dk;Zdky iqjk dj ik;s ;k ugh vkSj nwljh vksj viuh thou Hkj dh lsok nsus ds ckn deZpkjh isa'ku ds fy, tq>rk jgrk gSA vr% orZeku esa iwjs ns'k esa iqjkuh isa'ku dh ekax gS D;ksafd ubZ isa'ku Ldhe ds foifjr ifj.kke lkeus utj vk jgs gSA ;g ckr dnkfi lgh ugh gS fd le;kuqlkj ,dfg in ij dk;Zjr~ deZpkfj;ksa dks lsokfuo`fRr ds ckn vyx&vyx isa'ku fn tk;sA yk[kks deZpkjh lsokfuo`Rrh ds i'pkr~ thou ;kiu dSls djs\ bl iz'u dks ysdj fpafrr gS rFkk iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk dks iqu% 'kq: djus ds fy, iz;kljr gSA lHkh deZpkjh laxBuks dk dguk gS fd ubZ isa'ku ;kstuk iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk dh rqyuk esa iw.kZr% deZpkjh ds fgr esa ugh gSA ubZ isa'ku ;sktuk esa ljdkjh deZpkjh iqjkuh isa'ku ds dbZ ykHkksa ls oafpr gSA lsokfuo`fRr ds i'pkr~ egaxkbZ HkRrk vkSj osru vk;ksxksa dk ykHk u fey ikuk bl isa'ku ;kstuk dh lcls cMh [kkeh gSA tks deZpkjh ljdkj dh vkthou lsok djrk gS mls vafre le; esa isa'ku dk iw.kZ ykHk vo'; gh feyuk pkfg,A vr% iqjkuh isa'ku ;kstuk ykxw dh tk;sa ;gh lHkh deZpkjh oxZ dh ekax gSA lanHkZ %&

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5) https://www.livehindustan.com

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 uohu isa'ku ;kstuk & deZpkÚ;kaiq

izk- MkW- ek/kqjh ,u nsorGs ;'koarjko xqM/ks ikVhy Le`rh dyk egkfo|ky;] ukxiwj-

txkrhy dwBY;kgh ns'kkph iz'kkldh; O;oLFkk gh ukSdj'kkghP;k vk/kkjkojp ;'kLoh gksr vlrs- Hkkjr fczVh'kkaP;k xqykexhjhrwu ewDr >kY;koj ;'kLoh yksd'kkghlkBh ?kVusr U;k;] Lokra«;] lerk ;k rRo+=;hyk izeq[k LFkku fnys- vkfFkZd lkekftd o jktdh; yksd'kkgh izLFkkfir dj.ks] lokZauk fodklklkBh la/khph lekurk fuekZ.k d:u ns.ks o izR;sdkyk fopkj ekaM.;kps Lokra«; ns.ks vko';d gksrs- R;k vk/kkjkojp Hkkjrkr yksd'kkghP;k LraHkkph jpuk mHkkjyk xsyh- lafo/kkufuekZrs MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsMdjkuh ^leku dke] leku osru* vls rRo Bjowu tkr] /keZ] iaFk] oxZ] yhax] L=h&iq:"k vlk dks.krkgh HksnHkko u Bsork leku dke dj.kkÚ;kuk leku osru ns.ks ca/kudkjd dsys- R;kposGsl ?kVusus dY;k.kdkjh jkT;kph ladYiuk] ^cgwtu fgrk;] cgwtu lq[kk;*] ^losZ lq[khu HkoUrq* ;k oSf'od vkn'kkZyk U;k; ns.;kpk iz;Ru dsyk- ;kp ?kVuse/;s ;k ns'kkP;k deZpkjh oxkZP;k dY;k.kkpk] lkekftd lqj{kspk] o`/nkidkGkpk] Hkfo";kpk fopkj d:u deZpkÚ;kauk isa'ku lkj[ks eksBs lqj{kkdop fnys gksrs- ek= 1 tkusokjh 2004 iklwu dsanzljdkjus vkf.k 1 uksOgsacj 2005 iklwu egkjk"Vª jkT;'kklukus deZpkÚ;kalkBh vl.kkÚ;k lqjf{kr v'kk isa'ku ;kstuse/;s dwByhgh dk;ns'khj nq:Lrh u djrk /kksj.kkRed fu.kZ; ;k xksaMl ukok[kkyh deZpkÚ;kaP;k gDdkph isa'ku fgldkowu ?ks.;kps iki dsys vkgs- ,dk cktwyk o;kph 30 rs 35 o"ksZ jk"VªklkBh ns.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kyk vkiyk o`/nkidkG v{kj'k% fHkdkÚ;kP;k voLFksr txkok ykx.kkj vkgs- ;k ns'kkyk vfodflrrsdMwu fodklkP;k fn'ksus vk.k.;kr vk;q"; [kphZ ?kkrysY;k deZpkÚ;kaP;k okV;kyk uO;k isa'ku ;kstusP;k ek/;ekrwu nkfjnz;kps fnol ;s.kkj vlY;kps fnlw ykxys vkgs- Eg.kwup uO;k isa'ku ;kstusps okLrfod Lo:i o nq"ifj.kkekckcr vufHkK vlysY;k deZpkÚ;kauk tkx`r dj.ks] gk ;k 'kks/kfuca/kkpk eq[; mn~ns'k vkgs- isa'kupk vFkZ %&

deZpkÚ;kus 'kklukph o;kP;k 58 rs 60 o"kkZi;Zar lsok dsY;kuarj R;kps iq

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 fuo`Rrhuarj deZpkÚ;kyk lUekukus txrk ;kos R;kP;k loZ xjtkaph iwrZrk Ogkoh ;kdfjrk 1½ dqVwacfuo`Rrh osru 2½ minku xzWT;q,Vh 3½ fodykax eqykeqyhdfjrk fuo`Rrh osru 4½ lsokfuo`RrhosGh 'ksoVP;k efgU;kP;k ixkjkP;k osrukpk v/;kZ osruk,o

1 tkusokjh 2004 jksth Hkkjr ljdkjus ¼iz/kkuea=h vVy fcgkjh oktis;h ;kaP;k dkGkr½ PFRDA isa'ku QaM jsX;qysVjh vWUM MsOgyiesaV vkWFkhjhVh gs fo/ks;d lear d:u ;k laLFksvarxZr ,u- ih- ,l- (National Pension Scheme) gh ;kstuk lq: dsyh- ;k ;kstusuwlkj deZpkÚ;kaP;k cslhd o Mh- ,- ;kP;k 10% fgLlk o dsanzljdkjpk 10% fgLlk ¼vyhdMs gk 14 dj.;kr vkyk vkgs-½ vls feGwu 20% jDde 'ksvj ekdsZVe/;s xqarfoY;k tk.kkj vkgs- ;ke/khy dkgh jDde ljdkjh jks[ks o dkgh jDde gh ,l- vk;- ih- (Systematic Investment Plan) ewP;wvy QaM e/;s xqarowu R;kyk eWust dj.;kps dke QaM eWustj dj.kkj vkgs- gh ;kstuk 'kkldh; deZpkÚ;kalkBh ca/kudkjd dsY;kus deZpkÚ;kyk vkiY;k ixkjkrwu 10% fgLlk dk;e Lo:ih ns.ks vfuok;Z >kys vkgs- fuo`Rrh uarj ;kiSdh 40% jDde gh 'ksvj ekdsZVe/;s xqro.;kps ca/ku vkgs o 60% jDde gh deZpkÚ;kyk ijr feG.kkj vkgs- g;k 40 xqaroysY;k jDdesoj ;s.kkjs O;kt Eg.kts R;k deZpkÚ;kps isa'ku Bj.kkj vkgs- okLrfodrk isa'ku gh ,d fuf'pr] Bjkfod] vk'oLr v'kh jDde vlk;yk ikfgts ek= ,u- ih- ,l- e/;s laiw.kZ O;oLFkkp twxkjkpk O;olk; vlysY;k 'ksvj ekdsZVoj vk/kkfjr dsY;keqGs deZpkÚ;kyk fuf'pr isa'ku ns.;kph [kk=h ,u- ih- ,l- vkti;Zar nsÅ 'kdyh ukgh- xaqro.kwdhojhy Qk;nk gk iwuxqZaro.kwdhlkBh okijyk tkbZy ek= R;k Qk;n;kpk ykHkka'k fdaok cksul Lo:ikr ewG xwaro.kwd dj.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kyk okVi dsyk tk.kkj ukgh- deZpkÚ;kP;k mrkjo;kr R;kp dkgh izek.kkr vFkkZtZu Ogko] R;kyk o R;kP;k dwVwackyk fdeku xjtk iw.kZ djrk ;kO;kr brds fuo`Rrh osru ns.ks] 'kklukPkh tckcnkjh

National Conference on Pension Scheme for Government Employees : Issues & Concern 211

Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 fdacgwuk ewyHkwr drZO;gh vkgs- ijarw uoh isa'ku ;kstuk ykxw d:u ljdkjus Lor%yk ;k tckcnkjhrwu ewDr d:u ?ks.;kpk iz;Ru dsyk vkgs- twuh isa'ku ;kstuk o uohu isa'ku ;kstuse/khy ewyHkwr Qjd

1½ twU;k isa'ku ;kstuse/;s deZpkÚ;kP;k g;krhr o R;kP;k e`R;wuarj lq/nk R;kaP;k dwVwackP;k lqjf{krrspk] vuqdaikpk fopkj dsyk xsY;k vlY;keqGs gh lkekftd lqj{kk iznku dj.kkjh mRre ;kstuk gksrh-

2½ lsosr vlrkuk deZpkÚ;kpk e`R;w >kyk rj R;kP;k iRuhyk rhP;k e`R;qi;Zar fuf'pr Lo:ikps osru feGr gksrs- ok

3½ fodykax eqyxk fdaok eqyxh vlY;kl R;kaukgh dwVwac fuo`Rrh osru feGr gksrs- f'kok; minku xzWT;w,Vhpsgh laj{k.k gksrs-

4½ va'k jk'khdj.kkphgh O;oLFkk gksrh- th- ih- ,Q- e/;s tek vlysyh laiw.kZ jDde 8% O;ktklfgr R;kyk fdaok R;kP;k e`R;quarj okjlkyk izkIr gksr gksrh- ek= uO;k isa'ku ;kstuse/;s ;kiSdhpk ,dgh ykHk deZpkÚ;kyk feG.kkj ukgh-

5½ lDrhus ,[kkn;k deZpkÚ;kl lsokfuo`Rr dj.;kr vkY;kl R;kyk twU;k isa'ku ;kstusps loZ ykHk feGr gksrs ek= uO;k isa'ku ;kstusr ;kckcrpk dks.krkgh fu;e vfLrRokr ukgh-

6½ tqU;k isa'ku ;kstusr fuo`Rrh osru] dwVwac fuo`Rrh osru ;kdfjrk osxGh dikr dsY;k tkr uOgrh- uO;k isa'ku ;kstusr ek= lsok fuo`Rrhuarj feG.kkjs ykHk iw.kZr% osrukrwu dikr dsysY;k jDdesoj vk/kkfjr vkgs-

7½ twU;k fuo`Rrhosru ;kstusr lsosr vlrkuk ewykewyhaps yXu] ?kj[kjsnh] vktkji.k ;kdfjrk th- ih- ,Q- e/kwu

uk ijrkok o fcuO;kth 75% jDde dk

8½ lsokfuo`Rrhuarj fuo`Rrh osrukf'kok; twU;k isa'ku ;kstuse/;s minku] va'kjk'khdj.k o Hkfo"; fuokZg fu/kh vlk ,danjhr fopkj dsY;kl oxZ 1] 2] 3] 4 P;k deZpkÚ;kyk lk/kkj.kr% vuqØes 35 rs 40 yk[k] 30 rs 35 yk[k :-] 25 rs 30 yk[k :i;s] 20 rs 25 yk[k :- gDdkps feGr gksrs- efgU;kP;k ixkjkph v/khZ feG.kkjh isa'ku gk osxGk Hkkx gksrk- uO;k isa'ku ;kstusr ek= 'kklukdMwu tek dsysY;k jDdesf'kok; dks.krsgh lsokfuo`Rrhfo"k;d ykHk fnY;k xsys ukgh-

9½ twU;k isa'ku ;kstusr lsokfuo`Rrhuarj osGksosGh ykxw gks.kkjs osruvk;ksx o cnyR;k egkxkbZ HkRR;keqGs isa'kue/;s ok< gksr gksrh- uO;k ;kstusr ek= ok

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 10½ twU;k isa'ku ;kstusr deZpkÚ;kP;k e`R;wuarj lq/nk R;kP;k dwVwackyk laj{k.k vkgs- uO;k isa'ku ;kstusr deZpkÚ;kP;k dwVwackyk 'kklukus okÚ;koj lksMys vkgs- egkjk"Vªkr 4000 deZpkjh e`R;q ikoys vkgs- R;kaps dqVwac vkt nkfjnz;kP;k voLFksr txr vkgs-

11½ twU;k isa'ku ;kstusr deZpkÚ;kP;k fgrkP;k vuq'kaxkus fopkj d:u izR;sd xks"V foLr`r Lo:ikr uewn dsysyh fnlwu ;srs- uO;k isa'ku ;kstusr dwBykgh fu;e foLr`r Lo:ikr Li"V dsysyk ukgh- twU;k isa'kudfjrk egkjk"Vª ukxjh lsok fuo`Rrh vf/kfu;e 1982 o 1984 ykxw djrkuk fo/kkulHkk o fo/kkuifj"knsP;k dk;nsizfØ;sP;k ek/;ekrwu ikjhr dj.;kr vkys- ek= uohu Mh- lh- ih- ,l- ;kstuk vk.krkauk] rh eatwj djrkuk] egkjk"Vªkrhy fo/kheaMGkP;k nksUgh lHkkx`gkP;k iVykoj uk izLrko ekaMY;k xsyk] uk ppkZ dsY;k xsyh] uk dk;nk dsY;k xsyk- dnkphr yksd'kkghe/;s dk;Zdkjh eaMGkyk yksdkauhp fnysY;k vf/kdkjkpk gk fgVyjh mi;ksx egkjk"Vª 'kklukus dsyk vls nqnSZohi.ks Eg.kkos ykxsy- gh ckc ekfgrhP;k vf/kdkjke/;s Jh- lat; ;sorokj ;kauk fnysY;k ekfgrh vf/kdkj i= fnuakd 04@12@2017 ;ke/;s Lor% fo/kheaMGkP;k ekfgrh ;a=.ksus ekU; dsyh vkgs-

,danjhr uohu isa'ku ;kstuk ¼Mh- lh- ih- ,l-½ deZpkÚ;kapk iSlk Mwcfo.kkjh o Hkfo"; vlqjf{kr dj.kkjh vkgs- dkj.k lnj ;kstuk 'ksvj ekdsZVoj vk/kkfjr vlY;kus o R;kr dwBY;kgh izdkjph 'kk'orh ulY;kus deZpkÚ;kaP;k gDdkpk vkf.k ?kkekpk iSlk d/khgh cwMw 'kdrks- ;k ;kstusr deZpkÚ;kaP;k nh?kZdkyhu fgrlaca/kkpk dwBykgh fopkj dsyk ukgh- lkekftd lqjf{krrspk vl.kkjk deZpkÚ;kapk egRokpk vk/kkj 'kklukus fgldkowu ?ksryk vkgs- lsosr vlrkuk deZpkÚ;kpk e`R;w >kyk rj R;kP;k ifjokjkyk ;k ;kstusr okÚ;koj lksMys xsys vkgs- vyhdMs isa'ku cpko d`rh lferh] egkjk"Vª jkT; twuh isa'ku gDd la?kVuk ;kauh 'kkluk'kh dsysY;k iz[kj la?k"kkZeqGs egkjk"Vªkus ,[kknk deZpkjh lsosoj ykxY;kuarj 10 o"kkZP;k vkr ej.k ikoyk rj R;kP;k dqVwackyk 10 yk[k :i;s vuqnku Eg.kwu ns.kkj vlY;kps ekU; dsys vkgs- vFkkZr deZpkÚ;kP;k thoukph fdaer 'kklukus 10 yk[k :i;s ykoyh o ej.;klkBh 10 o"kkZpk dky[kaM vk[kwu fnyk vkgs] gh vfr'k; fuanuh; ckc vkgs- isa'ku o egkjk"Vªkrhy yksdizfruh/khaph Hkwfedk %&

uO;k isa'ku ;kstuse/;s ,o

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 lfpo Hkkjr ljdkj izHkw n;ky ;kaps }kjk Jh y{e.k jkBksM ;kauk izkIr i= fn- 07@02@2017 uwlkj R;kr fuf'pr o Li"V Lo:ikr fygwu fnys vkgs dh] ßdsanzljdkjus uW'kuy isa'ku Ldhe ¼,u- ih- ,l-½ ns'kkrhy jkT; ljdkjyk ykxw dj.ks vfuok;Z dsys ukgh- jkT;ljdkjus gh ;kstuk ykxw djkoh fdaok ukgh gk fu.kZ; jkT;kpk Lor%pk vkgs-Þ vFkkZr jkT;ljdkj vkiY;k deZpkÚ;kauk twuh isa'ku ;kstuk iwUgk ns.;kP;k ckcrhr Lora=i.ks fu.kZ; ?ksÅ 'kdrkr] R;koj dsanzljdjkps dks.krsgh ca/ku ukgh gs Li"V gksrs-

isa'ku cpko d`rh lferhps la?kVd Jh- lat; ;sorokj o lgdkjh] egkjk"Vª jkT; twuh isa'ku gDd la?kVusps v/;{k Jh- fors'k [kkaMsdj ;kauh egkjk"Vªkr twuh isa'ku ykxw dj.;klkBh vkanksyukph [kÚ;k vFkkZus lq:okr dsyh- R;kaP;k dk;kZewGsp uO;k isa'ku ;kstusps xaHkhj nq"ifj.kke lektkiwkysY;k f'k{kdkauk twuhp isa'ku ;kstuk ykxw djk ;kdfjrk leFkZukps fouarhi= fnukad 24@05@2012] fnukad 21@01@2014 jksth fnys- ek= 2014 e/;s Lor% lRrsr ;sÅu foRrea=h >kys vlrkauk 2005 uarjP;k deZpkÚ;kauk twuh isa'ku ;kstuk nsÅ 'kdr ukgh v'kh Hkk"kk oki: ykxys- fojks/kh i{kkr vlrkauk [kksVh vk'oklus n;k;ph] lRrk izkIr dj.;klkBh loZ izdkjP;k ykpkÚ;k iRdkjk;P;k vkf.k lRrk feGkY;kuarj vk'oklukauk] fnysY;k opukauk gjrkG Qklk;pk gh vktP;k jktdh; usR;kaph 'kSyh >kysyh fnlwu ;srs- jktdh; usr`Rokoj vlysyk fo'okl isa'kuP;k iz'ukP;k ckcrhr lairkuk fnlwu ;srks- jktdkj.kkrhy fo'oklkgZrk] lk/kulwphrk lq/nk ;k usR;kauh jktdh; LokFkkZlkBh ik;nGh rwMfoysyh fnlwu ;srs- vkf.k Eg.kwup vkanksyudR;kZpk jktdh; usr`Rokojhy fo'okl laiyk vlwu ;kps xaHkhj ifj.kke iq

'kkldh; deZpkÚ;kaoj 'kklukus dsysY;k ;k vU;k;kyk nwj dj.ks gs dsoG deZpkÚ;kaP;kp gkrkr vkgs- 'kklu vkiY;kyk U;k; nsbZy ;k vis{ksus cl.;kis{kk vkiyk gDd ijr feGfo.;kph gh osG vkgs- R;kdfjrk 'kklukP;k loZ foHkkxkP;k deZpkÚ;kauh la?kfVr gks.ks] uohu isa'ku ;kstusP;k nq"ifj.kkekckcr brj deZpkjh oxkZr tkx`rh ?kMowu vk.k.ks] la?kVukRed Lrjkoj dk;Z dj.ks] 'kklukP;k isa'kuckcrP;k mnkflursfo:/n iz[kj ys er tkbZy* ;k ek/;ekrwu deZpkÚ;kph rkdn ljdkjyk nk[kfo.ks vko';d vkgs- ^isa'ku gh vkeP;k gDdkph vkgs] dks.kkP;k ckikph tgkxhjnkjh ukgh]* ^,dp fe'ku % twuh isa'ku]* ;k Hkkousus la?kVhr jkgwu 'kklukP;k loZ izdkjP;k dwVhy Mkokyk gkuwu ikM.ks vko';d vkgs- U;k;ky;hu Lrjkoj vkiyh ekx.kh d'kh ;ksX; vkgs] vkiys lafo/kkuhd gDd dk; vkgsr ;kps iwjkos ekaMkosr- ;k iz'ukP;k ckcrhr vf/kd tkx`rh ?kMowu vk.k.;klkBh ifj"knk] ifjlaokn] ppkZl=s o vkanksyu ;k ek/;ekrwu gk iz'u ?kjks?kjh iksgpokok- Hkkjrkrhy loZ jkT;krhy deZpkÚ;kauh feGwu ns'k

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ikrGhoj vkiyh rkdn nk[kowu fnyh ikfgts vkf.k dsanz ljdkjoj o jkT; ljdkjoj nMi.k vk.kys Eg.kts ukd nkcy dh rksaM vkiksvki m?kMsy- R;kdfjrk jk"Vªh; Lrjkojhy /kj.ks vk;ksthr d:u R;kr izR;sd deZpkÚ;kauh lgHkkxh Ogk;yk gos- jktdh; izyksHkukyk cGh u iMrk 'kklukus Bksl fu.kZ; ?ksrY;kf'kok; vkanksyukrwu ek?kkj ?ksÅ u;s- isa'ku gsp 'kkldh; deZpkÚ;kps vfLrRo vkgs- isa'ku lekIr >kyh rj deZpkÚ;kaps vfLrRo o Hkfo"; lekIr gksbZy- Eg.kwu vkiY;k isa'kuP;k gDdkckcr tkx`r Ogk] la?kVhr Ogk vkf.k la?k"kZ djk- lanHkZxzaFk lwph

1½ Hkkjr ljdkj] foRr ea=ky;] fnYyh] fnukad 04@12@2017] ekfgrh vf/kdkj i=] Jh- lat; ;sorokj- 2½ Hkkjr ljdkj] foRrh; lsok ea=ky;] ekfgrh vf/kdkj i=] fnukad 07@12@2017] Jh lat; jkBksM- 3½ Jh- equxV~Vhokj ;kaps f'k{k.kea=h nMkZ ;kauk i=] fnuakd 06@06@2012] 21@01@2014-

4½ Hkkjr ljdkj] foRr ea=ky; FX15/903/2017 PR fnukad 05@12@2017] Information Act, 2005. 5½ egkjk"Vª 'kklu] 'kkys; f'k{k.k foHkkx] ekfgrh vf/kdkj eqacbZ i= Øekad 41@2013@ek- f'k- 02] fnukad 20@03@2013- 6½ Jh- equxV~Vhokj ;kaps eq[;ea=h i`Fohjkt pOgk.k ;kauk i= fnukad 24@06@2012- 7½ fn- 31 vkWDVkscj 2005] 'kklu fu.kZ;- 8½ ^yksd'kkgh okrkZ* fnuakd 26 Qsczqokjh 2019] laikndh; fo'ks"k] jes'k ykatsokj 9½ ^yksder*] tquh isa'ku can dj.;kekxph okLrfodrk laikndh; 10½ ^lkeuk*] iq

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ufou va'knku fuo`Ùkh osru ;kstuk&1 uksOgsacj 2005 jksth fdaok R;kuarj fu;qDr gks.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;klkBh ufou va'knku fuo`Ùkh osru ;kstuk-

izk- lkfjdk Ogh- ikVhy xzaFkiky Jhfudsru dyk okf.kT; egkfo|ky;] ukxiwj

dsUnz 'kklukus R;kaP;k lsose/;s 1tkusokjh 2005 jksth fdaok R;kuarj uO;kuks fu;qDr gks.kkÚ;k

deZpkÚ;kalkBh ufou va'knku fuo`Ùkh ossru ;kstuk Eg.ktsp ifjHkkf"kr va'knku fuo`Ùkh osru ;kstuk ¼defined contribution pension system½ 'kklu vf/klwpuk foÙk ea=ky;] vkfFkZd dk;Z foHkkx fnukad 22 fMlsacj 2003 vUo;s ykxw dsyh vkgs- dsUnz 'kklukus vlsgh tkghj dsys vkgs dh] jkT; 'kklukauk ns[khy oj mYysf[kysY;k ufou va'knku fuo`Ùkh osru ;kstus&e/;s lgHkkxh gks.;kpk fodYi miyC/k vlsy R;kpizek.ks ;k ;kstussarxZr fuo`Ùkhosru fu/khps

O;oLFkkiu ok fouhe;u dj.;klkBh ,dk Lora= fuo`Ùkhosru fu/khps fofu;ked o fodkl izkf/kdj.kkph ¼pension fund regulatory and development Authority½ LFkkiu dsanz ljdkjus dsyh vkgs- dsaUnz 'kklukP;k ojhy ufou va'knku fuo``Ùkhosru ;kstusP;k /krhZoj jkT; 'kklukP;k lsosr uO;kus fu;qDrh gks.kkÚ;k ;k deZpkÚ;kauk ufou va'knku fuo`Ùkhosru ;kstuk ykxw dj.;kckcr iz'u 'kklukP;k fopkjk/khu gksrk- fu.kZ;%& v½ 'kklu lsosr 1 uksOgsacj 2005 jksth fdaok R;kuarj fu;qDr gks.kkÚ;k ;k deZpkÚ;kalkBh l/;k vfLrRokr vlysY;k fuo`Ùkhosru ;kstus ,soth dsanz'kklukP;k /krhZoj ufou ^ifjHkkf"kr va'knku fuo`Ùkhosru ;kstuk [kkyhizek.ks ykxw gksbZy- c½ ojhy uohu ifjHkkf"kr va'knku fuo`Ùkhosru ;kstusP;k vaeyctkouhP;kiz;kstukFkZ gs jkt 'kklu dssanz'kklukP;k mYysf[k.;kr vkysY;k ufou ifjHkkf"kr va'knku fuo`Ùkhosru ;kstuse/;s lgHkkxh gksbZy- d½ 'kklukus vlkgh fu.kZ; ?ksryk vkgs dh] l/;k vfLrokr vlysyh fuo`Ùkhosru ;kstuk ¼Eg.kts egkjk"Vª ukxjh lsok½ ¼fuo`Ùkhosru½ fu;e 1982 o egkjk"Vª ukxjh lsok ¼fuo`Ùkhosru va'kjk'khdj.k½ fu;e 1984 vkf.k l/;k vfLrROkkr vlysyh loZlk/kkj.k Hkfo"; fuokZg fu/kh ;kstuk- ojhy rjrqnh 'kklu lsosr 1 uksOgsacj 2005 jksth fdaok R;kuarj fu;qDr gks.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kauk ykxw gks.kkj ukgh-

• ufou fuo`Ùkhosru ;kstusph oSf'k"Vs ufou fuo`Ùkhosru ;kstusph BGd oSf'k"Vs iq

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 1½ ;k ;kstus ifjHkkf"kr va'knku fuo`Ùkhosru ;kstuk ¼defined contribution pension scheme½ vls lacks/k.;kr ;sby- 2½ gh ;kstuk fnukad 1 uksOgsacj 2005 iklwu vaeykr ;sbZy- 3½ ufou ifjHkkf"kd va'knku fuo`Ùkhosru ;kstuk 1 uksOgsacj 2005 jksth fdaok R;kuarj jkT; 'kklukP;k lsosr fu;qDr gks.kkÚ;k loZ deZpkÚ;kalkBh vfuok;Z vlsy- 4½ ufou ifjHkkf"kr va'knku fuo`Ùkh ;kstuk ifjHkkf"kd va'knkukoj vk/kkfjr vlsy ;k ;kstuk e/;s nksu Lrj

vlrhy rs Lrj Eg.kts Lrj 1¼Tire-1½ o ¼Lrj½&2 ¼Tier-2½ Lrj &1 & gk 'kklukP;k lsosr 1 uksOgsacj 2005 jksth fdaok R;kuarj fu;qDr gks.kkÚ;k loZ deZpkÚ;klkBh vfuok;Z vlsy rj Lrj&2 R;kaP;klkBh oSdfYid Lo#ikpk vlsy o rks R;kaP;k LosPNk fu.kZ;kpk vf/ku vlsy- 5½ Lrj 1& varxZr izR;sd 'kkldh; deZpkÚ;kl R;kP;k ^eqG osru vf/kdegkxkbZ osru ¼vlY;kl½ vf/kd egkxkbZ HkÙkk] ;k jdesP;k 10 VDds brds ekfld va'knku |kos ykxsy- gh jDde izR;sd efg.;kl deZpkÚ;kP;k osru ns;dkrwu otk d#u ?ksryh tkbZy- jkT;'kklu lerqY; va'knku nsbZy- gh va'knkusvkf.k

xqaro.kqdhojhy izkIrhP;k jdek] vkgkfjr djrk u ;s.;k;ksX; ¼non withrwable½ fuo`Ùkh osru Lrj &1 [kkR;ke/;s tek dsY;k tkbZy- 6½ Lrj &2 varxZr izR;sd 'kkldh; deZpkjh R;kph r'kh bPNk vlY;kl oj mYysf[kysY;k fuo`Ùkhosru

[kkR;kO;frfjDr ^LoSfPNdLrj&2 vkgj.k;ksX; ¼withrawable½ [kkrs m?kMw 'kdrks ;k Lora= [kkR;kr deZpkÚ;kps va'knku tek dsys tkbZy-deZpkÚ;kl [kkR;krhy jDde dkkysY;k ,dw.k jdesP;k 40 VDdsjDde okf"kZd [kjsnh dj.;klkBh xaqrfo.ks vfuok;Z vlsy-'kkldh; deZpkÚ;kP;k [kkrh tek vlysyh moZjhr jDde Bksd jdesP;k Lo#ikr lacaf/kr 'kkldh; deZpkÚ;kl iznku dsyh tkbZy o frpk fofu;ksx dks.kR;kgh izdkjs dj.;kps Lokra+= R;kl vlsy- 3½ 'kkldh; deZpkÚ;kl R;kP;k fu;r o;ksekukiwohZ fuo`Ùkh osru ;kstuk lksMwu ns.;kph eqHkk vlsy- ;kstusph O;kIrh %& v½ ufou ifjHkkf"kr va'knku fuo`Ùkh osru ;kstuk 'kklu lsosr 1 ukOgsacj 2005 jksth fdaok R;kuarj fu;qDr gks.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kauk ykxq gksbZy- c½ T;kauk l/;k vfLrRokr vlysyh fuo`Ùkh&osru ;kstuk o loZlk/kkj.k Hkfo"; fuokZg fu/kh ;kstuk ykxw vkgs] v'kk ekU;rk o vuqnku izkIr 'kS{kf.kd laLFkk] d`"khrj fo|kihB R;kaP;k'kh layXu vlysyh v'kkldh; egkfo|ky;s o d`"kh fo|kihBs] b- P;k lsose/;s 1 uksOgsacj 2005 jksth fdaok R;kuarj fu;qDr gks.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kalkBh gk fu.kZ; ykxq gksrhy-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 d½ egkjk"Vª ftYgkifj"kn o iapk;r lfeR;k vf/kfu;e] 1961 P;k dye 248 P;k ijarqdkUo;s iznku dsysys vf/kdkj o R;klaca/kkrhy brj loZ vf/kdkj ;kapk okij d#u 'kklukus vlkgh vkns'k fnyk vkgs dh] ftYgk ifj"knkaP;k lsosr 1 uksOgsacj 2005 jksth fdaok R;kkuarj fu;qDrh gks.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kalkBh ns[khy ojhy fu.kZ; ykxw gksrhy-

4½ lsokfuo`Ùkhuarjps ykHk % (Retirement Benefits) izk/;kid@f'k{kdsrj deZpkjh ;kauk lsokfuo`Ùkhuarj 1½ isU'ku 2½ th- ih- ,Q- 3½ xzWP;wbVh gs rhu egÙokps ykHk feGrkr- okLrfod isU'ku th- ih- ,Q- xzWP;wbVh gs rhu ,d= okVr vlys rjh R;k frUgh ykHkkalkBh rhu Lora= dk;ns@fu;e vkgsr- dsanz ljdkjps g;k rhu ykHkkalkBh rhu osxosxGs dk;ns vkgsr- egkjk"Vª ljdkjus lq)k g;k rhu ykHkkalkBh rhu osxosxGs fu;e@dk;ns dsysys vkgsr- isU'kulkBh ^egkjk"Vª ukxjh lsok ¼isU'ku½ fu;e] 1982] ^th- ih-,Q Eg.kts loZ lk/kkj.k Hkfo";fuokZgkfu/khlkBh ^egkjk"Vª loZlk/kkj.k Hkfo";fuokZg fu/kh fu;e] 1998* gk dk;nk ykxw gksrks- rj xzWP;qbVhlkBh ^fn isesaV vkWQ xzWP;wbVh egkjk"Vª #Yl* gk dk;nk ykxw gksrks ;k frUgh ykHkkalkBh dsanz ljdkjps rhu Lora= dk;ns vlwu R;k dk;|kP;k pkSdVhe/;sp egkjk"Vª ljdkjus ojhy izdkjps rhu dk;ns@fu;e r;kj dsys vkgs- dsanz ljdkjP;k dk;|krhy rjrqnhaP;k folaxr fdaok R;k fu;ekauk Nsn ns.kkjs fu;e@dk;ns jkT; ljdkj d# 'kdr ukgh- Eg.kwu isU'ku] th-ih-,Q- o xzWP;wbVhckcrP;k rhu dk;ns@fu;ekaps vk/kkjHkwr dk;ns gs dsanzh; rhu dk;ns vkgsr- ijarq 1 uksOgsacj 2005 jksth fdaok R;kuarj fu;qDr gks.kkkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kauk gs ykHk feG.kkj ukgh- R;keqGs deZpkÚ;kae/;s jks"k fuekZ.k >kyk-

NPSdk vk.kyk\ %& fuo`Ùkh uarj EgkrkÚ;k yksdkauk lkekkftd o foÙkh; lqj{kk feGkoh- i.k ;k iz.kkyhe/;s ljdkjh deZpkÚ;kauk ?ksrys rsOgkiklwu ;kpk fojks/k lq# >kyk- ;k [kkR;ke/kwu vkiY;kyk uksdjhyk 10 o"kZ iw.kZ >kY;kf'kok; ;krwu iSls dk

twU;k Hkfo"; fuokZg fu/kh;kstuse/;s R;kyk PF pk lxGk iSlk ,dkosGsyk feGr vls- GPF feGr vls o ,d Fix amtR;kyk iw.kZ vk;q";Hkj Hkfo"; fuokZg fu/khEg.kwu feGr vls- vkf.k osGksosGh rh revised i.k gksr vls- ufou Hkfo"; fuokZg fu/kh e/;s ykoysY;k iS'kkyk dq.khp okyh ukgh- fjVk;MZ uarj vkiY;kyk fdrh iSls feGrhy ;kpk vki.k vankt ykÅ 'kdr ukgh ts 40%jDde vkgs ljdkj rh Equitye/;s yko.kkj vkgs R;kpkgh

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 interest fix ukgh vkgs- ;keqGs fjVk;MZ uarj th pension feGsy rh [kwi deh vlsy fdaok feG.kkj ukgh gkgh ,d eqÌk ;srks-

PFRDA ps v/;{kEg.krkr dh] tqU;k isU'kueqGs ljdkjoj foÙkh; tckcnkjh vkyh vkgs R;keqGs 2005 uarj ykxysY;k 'kkldh; deZpkÚ;kauk twuh pension nsÅ 'kdr ukgh- tqU;k Hkfo"; fuokZg fu/kheqGs t'khSocial o Income security deZpkÚ;kyk gksrh r'khp NPSe/;s gh vkgs vkf.k egÙokps Eg.kts ;k ;kstuse/;s lokZr tkLr 'kkldh; deZpkÚ;kaps [kkrs vkgs- R;keqGs ;k NP schemeyk fojks/k gksr vkgs- vkf.k gk y

5½ http://www.hdfcbank.com/personal/.../nationalpension-system,access – dt 01/03/2019 6½ agmaha.nic.in/pension% 20GRs/new% 20 DCP% 20 Scheme_GRs htm, access –dt 01/03/2019 7½ pensionersportal.gov.in/salient%20featuresf.asp,access dt 01/03/2019

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 NPS FOR GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES : PROBLEMS & CHALLENGES.

jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk (NPS)

Dr. Alpana Vaidya Assistant professor Dept of Political Science Hislop College, Nagpur. [email protected]

Hkkjr ljdkj us vf/kd ls vf/kd ukxfjdksa dks lkekftd lqj{kk iznku djus ds fy, jk’Vªh; isa”ku iz.kkyh vkjaHk dh gSA blesa dsUnz ljdkj ds deZpkjh] jkT; ljdkj ds deZpkjh] dkjiksjsV ds dksbZ Hkh O;fDr vkSj vlaxfBr {ks= ds Jfed Hkh jkf”k tek dj ldrs gSaA Hkkjr ldjkj us ns”k esa isa”ku {ks= ds fodkl vkSj fofu;e ds fy, 10 vDÙkwcj] 2003 dks isa”ku fuf/k fofu;ked vkSj fodkl izkf/kdj.k (PFRDA) dks LFkkfir fd;kA jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk dk y{; ;k mís”; jk’Vªh; isa”ku iz.kkyh 01 tuojh] 2004 dks lHkh ukxfjdksa dks lsokfuo`fÙk vk; iznku djus ds mís”; ls izkjaHk dh xbZ FkhA jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk dk y{; isa”ku ds lq/kkjksa dks LFkkfir djuk vkSj ukxfjdkssa esa lsokfuo`fÙk ds fy, cpr dh vknr dks c<+kok nsuk gSA vkjEHk esa jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk ljdkj esa u, HkrhZ gksus okys yksxksa ds fy, “kq: dh xbZ Fkh ckn esa LoSfPNd vk/kkj ij vlaxfBr {ks= ds Jfedkssa lfgr ns”k ds lHkh ukxfjdksa dks iznku dh xbZ gSA jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk dk egRo ,oa fo”ks’krk,a%& 1. jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk ikjn”khZ vkSj ykxr izHkkoh iz.kkyh gS ftlesa isa”ku ds va”knku dk fuos”k isa”ku fuf/k ;kstukvksa esa fd;k tkrk gS vkSj deZpkjh nSfud vk/kkj ij fuos”k dk ewY; tku ldrs gSaA 2. lHkh vfHknkrkvksa dks vius uksMy dk;kZy; esa [kkrk [kksyuk gksrk gS vkSj ,d LFkkbZ lsokfuo`fÙk [kkrk la[;k ¼ih-vkj-,-,u-½ ysuk gksrk gSA

3. izR;sd deZpkjh dks ,d fof”k’V la[;k ls igpkuk tkrk gS vkSj mldh ,d vyx PRAN gksrh gS tks fd iksVsZcy gS] vFkkZr~ ;g deZpkjh ds fdlh vU; dk;kZy; esa LFkkukarfjr gksus ij Hkh leku cuh jgrh gSA 4. jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk dk fofu;eu ikjn”khZ fuos”k ekudksa ds lkFk ih,QvkjMh, }kjk ,uih,l U;kl }kjk fuf/k izca/kd dh fu;fer fuxjkuh vkSj fu’iknu leh{kk ds lkFk fd;k tkrk gSA ------1 -2 jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk इस पᴂशन कीम मᴂ दो तरह के एकाउंट होते हℂ जिसमᴂ पहला टटयर और दसू रा टटयर । प्र配येक 12 खाताधारक को एक परमानᴂट ररटायरमᴂट अकाउंट नंबर का셍ड टदया िाता है जिस पर अंको का एक को셍 होता है वही को셍 - लेन देन मᴂ काम करता है।

-1 65 टियर यह नॉन ववड्रावल सेववंग एकाउं셍 है यानन इस अकाउंट मᴂ िो भी धनराशश िमा की िाती है उसे ररटायरमᴂट या

वर्ड के बाद ही ननकाल सकते हℂ।

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 2 टियर यह एक साधारण सेववंग अकाउंट की तरह काम करता है जिससे अकाउंट हो쥍셍र अपनी इ楍छा से इसमᴂ पैसा िमा

कर सकते हℂ और ननकाल भी सकते है। यह अकाउंट कोई भी खोल सकता है। jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk (NPS): leL;k vkSj pqukSrh leL;k,a %&

deZpkjh rFkk laxBu jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk dk fojks/k eq[;r% blfy, dj jgs gSaA D;ksafd bl ;kstuk ds ckjs esa mudh tkudkjh cgqr lhfer gS] D;ksafd bl ckjsa esa leqfpr tkx:drk rFkk f”k{kk dk izpkj ,oa izlkj ugha gqvk gSA fojks/k dj jgsa deZpkfj;ksa dk ;g Hkh rdZ gS fd tks yksx 10&12 lky ckn lsokfuo`Ùk gks jgs gaSa muds [kkkrs esa tek jkf”k bruh de jgrh gS fd mUgsa leqfpr isa”ku ugha fey ikrh gSA

iqjkuh isa”ku ;kstuk esa deZpkfj;kas dks fdlh Hkh izdkj dk ;ksxnku ugha nsuk iM+rk FkkA tcfda jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk esa mUgsa vk/kh jkf”k Lo;a nsuh iM+rh gSA lkFk gh ;fn mUgsa th-ih-,Q- ds leku ykHk pkfg, rks mUgsa Vh;j&2 esa iSlk tek djuk iM+rk gSA blls muds ikl O;; ;ksX; vk; dh deh gks tkrh gS rFkk cktkj esa yxs iSls dh gkfu dk Hkh vuqeku jgrk gSA

iqjkuh isa”ku ;kstuk esa U;wure #-1000/- dh isa”ku lqfuf”pr Fkh fdarq jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk esa ;g jkf”k #- 1000/- & #-2000/- rd gks tkrh gSA blds vykok deZpkfj;ksa ds vanj HksnHkko dh Hkkouk Hkh vk jgh gS D;ksafd lsuk esa uofu;qDr lHkh iqjkuh ;kstuk dk ykHk ikrs gSaA

jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk ljdkj dh vR;f/kd dksf”k”kksa ds ckotwn bruh yksdfiz; ugha gks ldh gSA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk esa lcls cM+h leL;k fyfDofMVh dh gksrh gSA blesa fudklh ,d fuf”pr vof/k ds ckn gh dh tk ldrh gSA tek jkf”k dh fudklh igys ugha dh tk ldrh gSA blesa jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk esa fuos”k fd, x, /ku dk flQZ 40 izfr”kr fgLlk gh dj eqDr ¼VSDl Ýh½ gksrk gSA 60 izfr”kr fgLls ij VSDl yxrk gSA tek jkf”k dh iw.kZ fudklh ugha dj ldrs gaSA ,d fuf”pr jkf”k ,U;wVh ij nsuk gksrk gS vkSj ,U;wVh ij fdruk C;kt feysxk ;g dEifu;k¡ r; djrh gaSA orZeku esa ;g nj 7% ls 8% gS tksfd vU; Ldheksa dh rqyuk esa dkQh de yxrk gSA jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk de yksdfiz; gksrh tk jgh gSA

,sls esa yxrk gS fd jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk dk mís”; iw.kZ ugha gks ik jgk gSA rks lcls cM+h pqukSrh ;gh gS fd jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk dks ckdh vU; ;kstukvksa ds cjkcj ykuk pkfg, rkfd yksx fuos”k ds fy, T;knk izksRlkfgr gks ldsa vkSj jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk dks VSDl Ýh dj nsuk pkfg, rkfd bldk iw.kZ ykHk ukxfjdksa dks fey ldsA

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 ;g ijEijkxr isa”ku ;kstuk ls vyx gSA isa”ku Q.M ds fuos”kdksa dk iSlk “ks;j vkSj ckW.M ekWdsZV esa yxk;k tkrk gS vkSj gj o’kZ fdruk ykHk ;k fjVuZ feysxk ;g cktkj ds mrkj&p<+ko ij fuHkZj djrk gSA jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk dh mi;ksfxrk %&

jk’Vªh; isa”ku ;kstuk ls ukxfjdksa dks VSDl ykHk gksrk gSA orZeku esa fV;j&1 [kkrs esa fd, x, va”knku ds fy, dj esa NwV gSA NwV izkIr dj ¼bZbZVh½ vFkkZr~ laiw.kZ vfHknku jkf”k ij 1-00 yk[k #i;s dh lhek rd ldy dqy vk; ls dVkSrh dh ik=rk gSA isa”ku [kkrk/kkjd }kjk dsoy 60 o’kZ dh vk;q ds ckn fudkyh xbZ jde gh dj ;ksX; gSA

References : • Official website of National Pension Scheme • https://enps.nsdl.com/eNPS/NationalPensionSystem.html • Economic & Political Weekly Journal 2015.article on NPS: Boon or Bane.

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 tquh isU'ku ;kstuk vkf.k uohu isU'ku ;kstuk

प्रा. पराग बंसोले, सहा. प्राध्यापक, मणहला महाणिद्यालय, नंदनिन, नागपरू Email : [email protected] ------izLrkouk % txkrhy loksZRre yksd”kkgh Eg.kts Hkkjr ns”kkph yksd'kkgh gks;- vkf.k ;k yksd”kkgh e/khy egRokpk LraHk Eg.kts “kkldh; uksdjoxZ dh T;kP;k [kka|koj vkiY;k yksd”kkghpk xkMk pkyrks- ;k uksdjoxkZyk ekscnyk Eg.kwu Lrjfugk; osru fnys- dkgh Bjkohd dkG lsok >kY;kuarj fuo`Rr gks.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kaP;k Hkfo’;klkBh R;kaP;k miftohdslkBh isU'ku fnyh tkus “kkldh; deZpkÚ;kauk fuo`Rrhuarj feG.kkjh isU”ku fg R;kauh v[kaM dsysys drZO; o izkekf.kdi.ks fnysY;k lsosuarj tx.;klkBh feG.kkjk gDd vkgs- vkf.k rhp gDd fgjkowu ?ks.;kr vkyk vkgs-

“kkldh; fue'kkldh;] Lok;r laLFkke/ky f”k{kd deZpkÚ;kaP;k Hkfo’;kaP;k Vkax.khyk yko.;kr vkyk vkgs- Eg.kts dk;\ DCPS/NPS egkjk’Vª ukxjh lsok fuo`Rrh osru fu;e 1982] egkjk’Vª jkT; ukxjh lsok ¼fuo`Rrhosrukps va”kjk”khdj.k½ fu;;] Hkfo’; fuokZg fu/kh ;stuk ;k pkaxY;k ;kstukaP;k FkMX;koj mHkkjysyh ,d Hkfo’;s ulysyh nGHknzh ;kstuk Eg.kts ½ gks;- uohu ifjHkk”khd va”knku fuo`Rrh ;kstuk ¼DCPS/NPS

1 uksOgsacj 2005 uarj T;k O;Drh “kkldh; lsosr vFkok f”k{kdh lsosr :tq >kY;k R;kauk tqUgh isUlu ;kstuk ykxw u ½ ;kstuk gks;- Eg.ktsp gh ;kstuk vU;k;kph djrk uoh isU”ku ;kstuk Eg.kts ifjHkk’khr va’knku fuo`Rrh osr ¼DCPS dqÚgkMp vkgs-

“kklfd; deZpkÚ;kaps fuo`Rrh osrukps izdkj : ,danjhr fuo`Rrhosrukps vkB izdkj vksr- fu;r o;kseku fou`Rrhosru] iw.kZlsok fuo`Rrhosru] #X.krk fuo`Rrhosru] HkjikbZ fuo`Rrhosru] t[ke fdaok btk fuo`Rrhosru] vuqdaik fuo`Rrhosru] vlk/kkj.k dqVqac fuo`Rrhosru vls gs izdkj vkgsr- fu;r o;ksekukuqlkj Eg.kts o;kph 58 o"kZ iw.kZ >kY;koj o prqFkZ Js.kh deZÚ;kaP;k ckcrhr o;kph 60 o"kZ iw.kZ >kkY;koj deZpkjh fuo``Rr gksrks- LosPNk fuo`Rrh] #X.krk vkf.k HkjikbZ gs gh fuo`Rrhps izdkj vkgsr- vdk;Z{kerseqGs ns.;kr ;s.kkjh fuo`Rrh Eg.kts vuqdaik fuo`Rrh gks;- fuo`Rrh osru ?ks.kkjk tsOgk ej.k ikorks rsOgk R;kP;k dqVwfc;kauk feGrs rs dqVqac fuo`Rrh osru- ,[kknk ljdkjh deZpkjh gjoY;kl R;kP;k dqVwafc;kuk =kl gkow u;s Eg.kwu vlk/kkj.k dqVwac fuo`Rrh fnY;k tkrs- fuo`Rrh osru /kkjd- : lsokfuo`Rrh osruklkBh dehr deh 10 o"kZ dkyko/kh fg”ksckr ?ksryk tkrks- vkrk 10 o’kZ lsok >kY;kuarj “ksoVP;k osrukoj iw.kZ fuo`Rrh osru fnys tkrs- T;k deZpkÚ;kaph vgZrkdkjh lsok 10 o’kkZis{kk deh vkgs R;kauk fuo`Rrhosruk,soth lsok minku fnystkrs- lsosP;k iw.kZ dsysY;k izR;sd egkekghlkBh v/;kZ efg.;kps osru vls minkukps Lo#i vlrs-

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 fuo`Rrhosrukph ifjx.kuk : fuo`Rrh osrukph ifjx.kuk gh fuo`RrhiqohZ “ksoVP;k 10 efgU;kr ?ksrysY;k osrukP;k ljkljhoj fdaok deZpkjh T;k inko#u lsokfuo`Rr >kyk vkgs R;k inkdfjrk fuf”pr dj.;kr vkysY;k eqG osrukP;k 50% njkus ;kiSdh ts Qk;ns”khj vlsy rs fuo`Rrh osru ns; vlrs- dqVqac fuo`Rrhosru : dqVwac fuo`Rrhosru gs nksu izdkjs feGrs- lsosr deZpkÚ;kapk e`R;w >kkY;kl, vkf.k fou`Rrhosru /kkjdkpk e`R;w >kY;kuarj] dqVwac fuo`Rrhosru gs deZpkÚ;kaP;k iRuh fdaok irhl ns.;kr ;srs- ijarw deZpkÚ;kaph iRuh@ irh g~;kr ulY;kl gs osru R;kP;k okjlnkjkyk ns.;kr ;srs- eqykyk 21 o’kZ o eqyhyk 24 o’kZ gksbZi;Zr gs osru nsrk ;srs-mtj ,[kk|k deZpkÚ;kps viRl 100% focykax vlY;kl R;kyk dqVwac fuo`Rrhosru rg~;kr feGw “kdrs- lsosr vlrkauk deZpkÚ;kpk e`R;w >kY;kl ns; dqVqac fuo`Rrhosrukckcrph ekfgrh : tj ,d o’kZ lyx lsok >kY;kuarj lsosr vlrkauk deZpkÚ;kpk e`R;w >kY;kl R;kP;k dqVwafc;kauk dqVwac fuo`Rrh osru ns; gksrs- ,d o’kZ lyx lsok gks.;kiwohZ e`R;w >kyk vlsy o v’kk deZpkÚ;kaph lsosr useuwd gks.;kiwohZ os|fd; rikl.kh >kyh vlsy rj R;kaP;k dqVwafc;kauk dqVwac fuo`Rrh osru ns.;kr ;srs- lsosr vlrkauk deZpkÚ;kpk e`R;w >kY;kl dqVwac fuo`RRhosrukph ifjx.kuk- : lsor vlrkuk deZpkÚ;kpk e`R;w >kY;kl

Lskok dkyko/kh dqVwac fuo`Rrhosru nj@ izek.k feG.;kpk dkyko/kh

Rkg~;kr fdaok ik= vls

7 o’kkZis{kk deh eqG nj = ¼ vafre osru + xzsM is½x 30% i;Zr

1½ 1-01-2006 uarj deZpkÚ;kl e`R;w vkyk vlsy rj e`R;wP;k n`lÚ;k fnolkiklwu 10 o’kkZi;Zr eqG njkP;k nwIiV fdaok vafre osrukP;k 50% ;kr t deh vlsy rh jDde o R;kuarj eqG njkus eqG njkus = ¼vafre osru + xzsM is x 30%½ g~;kr fdaok ik= vlsy rksi;Zr 7 o’kkZis{kk tkLr 2½ 01-01-2006 iwohZ tj e`R;w vkyk vlsy rj deZpkÚ;kP;k o;kP;k 65 o’kkZi;Zr fdaaok 7 o’kkZi;Zr ts vxksnj vlsy rks I;Zr eqG njkP;k nqIiV fdaok vafre osrukp 50% ;krth deh vlsy njkus eqG njkus ¼vafre osru + xzsM is x 30%½ g;kr fdaok ik= vlsy rksi;Zr- fuo`Rrhosru /kkjdkpk e`R;w >kY;kl dqVwac fuo`Rrhosrukph ifjx.kuk :

e`R;w osGps o; dqVwac fuo`Rrhosru nj feG.;kpk dkyko/kh

Rkg~;kr fdaok ik= vls i;Zr 65 o’kkZuarj e`R;w eqG njkus ¼vafre osru + xzsM is½x 30%

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65 o’kkZP;k vkr eqG njkP;k nqIiV fdaok Ek`R;wuarj 7 o’kZ fdaok fuo`Rrhosru vadreosrukP;k 50% fadaok rks ?ksr /kkjdkaP;k o;kph 65 o’kZ iw.kZ >kyh vlysys fuo`Rrhosru ;kiSdh deh vlsy v”kh rkjh[k ;krhy vxksnjph vlsy rh jDde vlsy R;k rkj[ksi;Zr o R;kuarj eqG njkus rg;kr fdaok ik= vlsi;Zr-

“kkldh; deZÚ;kauk fuo`RrhP;k osGsl fuo`Rrh osruk O;frfjDr ehG.kkjs ykHk : ngk o’kZ lsosuarj fuo`Rr gks.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kauk fuo`Rrh osrukf”kk; lsok minkugh feGrs- R;kaph x.kuk 1@4 xqf.kys ¼osru vf/kd xzsM is½ vf/kd lsospk lgkekgh dkyko/kh fdaok osru vf/kd xzsM is vf/kd 16-5 fdaok :- 7]00]000@& ;kiSdh th deh jDde vlsy rh feGsy-

“kkldh; deZÚ;kapk lsosr vlrkauk e`R;q >kY;kl R;kaP;k dqVwafc;kauk feg.kkÚ;k lsok minku % “kkldh; deZpkÚ;kpk lsosr vlrkauk e`R;q >kY;kl R;kP;k dqVwafc;kauk gh lsok minku feGrs- e`R;w minkukph ifjx.kuk

v-dz vgZrkdkjh lsospk dkyko/kh e`R;` minkukpk nj

1 ,d o’kkZis{kk deh osru] xzsM is 2

2 ,d o’kZ fdaok tkLr ijarq ikp o’kkZis{kk osru] xzsM is 6 deh

3 Ikkp o’kZ fdaok R;kgqu tkLr osru] xzsM is 12

4 ohl o’kZ fdaok R;kgqu tkLr 1@2 osru] xzsM is] lgkekgh dkyko/kh ¼osru] xzsM is] vgrkZdkjh lsok½ fdaok osru] xzsM is] 33 fdaok lkr yk[k ;kiSdh th deh ,dq.k vls rh jDde lsok fuo`Rr gks.kkÚ;k deZpkÚ;kauh fuo`Rrhosru osGsr feG.;klkBh ?;ko;kph dkGth % deZpkÚ;kaus lsok fuo`Rrh gks.;kP;k nksu o’kZ vxksnj fuo`RRkh osru izdj.k lq: djk;yk ikfgts- osru iMrkG.kh vko”;d vlrs- R;kuarj dk;kZy;krQsZ ,d lsok fuo`Rrh vkns”k dkkysY;k fno’kh osru fouk foyac feGrs- deZpkÚ;kauk tquh isU”ku ;kstuk vko”;d vkgs- ;kps leFkZuh; eqn~ns [kkyhyizek.ks vkgsr- :

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 11- isU”ku izkIRk dj.ks gk deZpkÚ;kapk lafo/kkfud vf/kdkj vkgs- 12- va'knk;h isU”ku ;kstusr 10 VDds jk”kh deZpkjh o 10 VDds jk”kh tjh ljdkjus fnys vls x`fgr ?ksrys vlrk lsosrY;k ifgY;k efgU;krhy jk”kh lsok vnkts 30 o’kZ iw.kZ >kY;kuarjP;k efgU;kr izkIr >kyh rj R;kosGh R;k jk”khr Qkjp vYi ewnzk ewY; jkghy- tquh isU”ku ;kstuk ;k rqyusr ;ksX; okVrs dkj.k rh deZpkÚ;kP;k “ksoVP;k efgU;ko:u fu/kkZfjr gksrs- 13- va'knk;h isU”ku ;kstusr vusd lafnX/krk dk;e vkgsr- vtwugh vusd foHkkxkrhy dEkZpkÚ;kaps va'knk;h isU”ku [kkrs viMsV ukghr- dikr jk”khaps fg”ksc ukgh] tckcnkj foHkkXk ukghr- 14- va'knk;h isU”ku ;kstusr lsos njE;ku deZpkÚ;kaP;k e`R;wuarj dk;\ dks.krh rjrqn dj.;kr vkyh ;kps mRrj lkiMr ukgh- 15- deZpkjh gk Lor% lk{kj vlrkauk R;kaP;k xqaro.kwdhpk fu.kZ; ek= vU; oxkZus ?;kos gs ;ksX; ukgh- 16- va'knk;h isU”ku ;kstusrhy jk”kh ljdkj fofo/k daiU;ke/;s xqaro.kwd dj.kkj vkgs- ijarq vkt uQ;kr vlysyh daiuh m|kgh uQk izkIr djsyp ;kph geh ukgh- jk”kh ns.;kP;k osGh fot; ekY;klkj[ks vuqHko vkY;kl dEkZPkkÚ;kuh dk; djkos-

17- deZpkjh lrr dke djrks ;kf”kok; vkiY;k mRiUukrwu fu;feri.ks ljdkjyk vk;djkP;k Lo:ikr djkpk Hkj.kk izkekf.kdi.ks djrks- Eg.ktsp vkiys ru] eu vkf.k /ku lq/nk jk’Vªkyk viZ.k djrks- ;koXkkZps fgr tksiklus gh ljdkjph tckcnkjh Bjrs

18- dEkZpkjh lsosr nh?kZdkG dke djrks- ns”kkrhy fo/kk;d vYi lsok nsrkr ek= tquhp isU”ku ?ksrkr R;kewGs R;kauk deZpkÚ;kaph isU”ku can dj.;kpk uSfrd vf/kdkj ukgh- 19- tj va”knk;h isU”ku ykHknk;d vlsy rj fo/ks;dkauh Lor%lkBh dk ykxw dsyh ukgh\ ;k o:u va'knk;h isU”ku ;kstusps [kjs Lo:i dGwu ;srs-

20- va'knk;h isU”ku ;kstusewGs deZpkjh o R;kaP;k dqVwackps thoueku

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➢ lhfuvj dkWyst g¡Mcqd & ,s jsMh jsQjUl] & [kaM ikpok] laiknd] ekudj] lq/kkdj] vrqy iCyhds'kUl] dksYgkiwj] 2010-

➢ isU'ku #Yl g¡Mcqd & laiknd] ekudj] lq/kkdj] vrqy iCyhds'ku] dksYgkiwj] 2009- ➢ lhfuvj dkWyst g¡.Mcqd & , jsMh jsQjUl & [kaM nqljk & laiknd] ekudj lq/kkdj] vrqy iCyhds'kUl] dksYgkiwj] 2012-

➢ http://www.hdfcbank.com/personal/.../nationalpension-system,access – dt 01/03/2019 ➢ va”knk;h isU”ku ;kstuk] “kklu fu.kZ; ➢ nSfud o`Rri=s

➢ e`r deZpkjh dqVwckph izR;{k eqyk[kr] izkFkfed ekfgrh

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PENSION SCHEME AND SOCIAL SECURITY

Dr. Ashish A. Thanekar Dr. Satish R. Mahalle Librarian, Head, Department of History Vidyasagar kala Mahavidyalaya Vidyasagar kala Mahavidyalaya Khairi (Bijewada),Ramtek Khairi (Bijewada),Ramtek Email : [email protected] Email : [email protected]

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Abstract : General Provident Fund (GPF) is a provident fund (PF) account available only for government employees. in a provident fund account, the customer invests a part of his/her salary for a certain period of time and avail the amount on maturity. interest rates on GPF are revised according to governments notifications issued form time to time. As per GPF rules, all temporary government servants after a continuous service of one year, all re- employed pensioners (other than those eligible for admission to the contributory provident fund) and all permanent government servants are eligible to subscribe to GPF.

Keyword : GPF, NPS, DCPS, state & Central Government.

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Introduction : It is essential that persons are provided with reliable sources of income security throughout their old age. As people grow older, they can rely less and less on income from employment for a number of reasons: while highly educated professionals may often continue well-remunerated occupations until late in their life, the majority of the population is usually excluded from access to well-paid jobs at older ages. Private savings and assets (including housing ownership) make a difference, but for most people are usually not sufficient to guarantee an adequate level of income security until the end of their lives. Private, intra-family transfers may be important as an additional source of income security but are very often far from sufficient and not always reliable, in particular for families already struggling to live on a low income.

For all these reasons, in many countries public pension systems became a foundation on which at least basic income security has been built. While in most countries contributory pension schemes exist that protect those who have had the possibility of contributing, non- contributory pensions play a greater role in ensuring at least a basic level of protection for all

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Income security in old age depends also on the availability of and access to publicly provided social services – provided free or at low charge – including health care and long-term care. If secure and affordable access to such services is not provided, older persons and their families are pushed into extreme poverty.

About GPF : The Government Pension Fund (GPF) is a defined contribution fund. It was established on March 27th, 1997 under the Government Pension Fund Act B.E. 2539 (1996). The GPF is designed to provide an add-on defined contribution scheme to the existing defined benefit scheme administered by the Finance Ministry (Old Civil Services Scheme) and to promote contractual saving and long-term investments.

Contributing membership is mandatory for eligible officials who join the government service after the fund’s inception (March 27th, 1997). Membership, however, is voluntary for officials who entered the government service prior to the Fund’s inception. GPF members will receive two composite portions of retirement income; one from the old civil service (PAYG scheme), financed by the government out of the annual budget, and the other one from GPF, which came from the contributions of the government and the member plus the investment return made by the GPF.

All eligible officials and their families will continue to enjoy medical and incapacitation benefits, among others, provided by the Royal Thai Government (RTG), which is financed out of the national budget.

Also, as one of the country’s largest institutional investors, GPF plays a leading role as a responsible investor by both adopting and encouraging corporate governance and ESG practices in the investment community.

Vision : To become the core institution for quality retirement that members trust.

Mission :

1. To serve as a security for the payment of gratuity and pension for the government officials upon their termination of official services. 2. To promote savings of the members. 3. To provide welfare and other benefits to the members

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1. Forethought Members Focus with Pride and Care 2. Reliable Long-term Value to Members 3. Trustworthy Pension fund Organization 4. High Competency – High Performance Organization

Under the ever changing economic and capital market environment together with the longevity trends of Thai society, it is a challenging task for GPF as the manager of this Defined Contribution style fund to provide adequate and sustainable benefits to members for their quality life after retirement. GPF consistently formulates four years strategic plans, reviews and improves its performance in order to attain the stated goals and strives to be a reliable & trustworthy organization to GPF members after their long years of services to the country.

Here are 10 things to know about General Provident Fund (GPF):

1. A government employee becomes a member of GPF by contributing a certain percentage of his/her salary to the account, according to pensioners' official portal - pensionersportal.gov.in. 2. At present, GPF fetches an interest rate of 8 per cent. 3. A subscriber is required to subscribe monthly to GPF except during the period when he is under suspension. 4. Subscriptions to the general provident fund are stopped three months prior to the date of superannuation, according to pensionersportal.gov.in. 5. On retirement of a subscriber, instructions are issued for immediate payment of the final balance on retirement. 6. A subscriber, at the time of joining the fund is required to make a nomination, in the prescribed form, conferring on one or more persons the right to receive the amount that may stand to his credit in the fund in the event of his death, before that amount has become payable or having become payable has not been paid. 7. No application is required to be submitted by the subscriber for final payment from the fund. 8. Under the GPF rule on the death of a subscriber, the person entitled to receive the amount standing to the credit of the subscriber shall be paid an additional amount equal to the average balance in the account during the three years immediately

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According to people having taxable income of Rs. 6.5 lakh per annum will be to avail "tax rebate" provided they invest Rs. 1.5 lakh in specified investments such as PPF, General Provident Fund (GPF) and insurances. The proposed rebate on tax liability will be applicable from April 1, 2019.

Introduction of NPS :

If there is a single demand that commonly figured in the recent protests of the Central and State government employees, public sector workers in defence production, telecom, railways and banks as well by some workers in the private sector, it is the scrapping of the New Pension Scheme (NPS).

Though NPS was introduced in 2004, why resistance to it is peaking in 2018? Since the NPS covers employees recruited after 1 January 2004 and the age of retirement is 60, most employees are yet to avail the new pension. But a few are retiring now and as per the NPS regime they can withdraw 60% of their pension contribution in bulk and out of the remaining 40% they get barely ₹700 and ₹800 every month as annuity after remitting 10% of their salary for 15 years! So the paltriness of the NPS scheme is gradually dawning upon them and so the anger mounts.

The National Federation of Indian Railwaymen (NFIR) has announced protest demos against NPS before PM Modi’s residence on 13th and 23rd of March 2019. They even threatened to take a call on halting the trains. Earlier, on 16 November 2018, the Union Minister for Railways Piyush Goyal was chased out from a function venue by railway employees protesting against the New Pension Scheme (NPS) at Lucknow.

Why the employees are opposing the New Pension Scheme?

Under the old pension scheme, the minimum pension amount was pegged at 50% of the last salary drawn or ₹9000 per month whichever was higher but NPS has no such floor.

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Under the old pension scheme, the employees would get assured interest from the government for their accumulating pension fund. But under the NPS, the workers’ savings would be invested in the stock market and their pension amount would be decided by accruals from the share market. Private pension funds would invest their money and make a profit for themselves.

Unlike the old scheme, the new pension scheme does not have a provision to provide monthly allowances to the dependents after the death of the pensioner.

NPS has been made compulsory for all government employees joining service after January 2014. But it is optional for the private sector. No wonder, as on 30 April 2018, while the subscriber base of government sector NPS was around 58 lakh with assets under management (AUM) of around ₹ 2.03 trillion, the subscriber base for private sector was only around 14 lakh with an AUM of ₹ 27,982 crore. Considering total the organised sector employment of 27.5 million in 2008—17.3 million public sector and 10.2 million in the private sector—this means the NPS coverage of the private organised sector workers is around 10% only.

The Seventh Pay Commission recommended that the government should increase its contribution to 20% and suggested formation of a committee of secretaries to work out the modalities for the same. But Arun Jaitley constituted a committee of handpicked bureaucrats and, without even making public their recommendations, arbitrarily increased the government contribution only to 14% on 10 December 2018. Over 40 years this would work out to a heavy loss to the workers.

Take, for instance, the case of a BSF commandant whose monthly salary is ₹82,000. Starting at the age of 20, if she/he invests ₹8200 in a bank monthly recurring deposit at 8.5% compound interest, she/he would accumulate a corpus of 3,33,51,528 after 40 years. If the government contributes 20%, the addition to the corpus would be 6,67,03,055 and the pension after 40 years would be 8,33,788 per month. If the government contributes only 14%, the corpus would be 4,66,92,139—or, 2,00,10,916 less and the pension after 40 years would be 3,89,101. Per month the worker would be getting 4,44,687 less. Assuming that he/she gets a pension for 10 years, he she would be losing 5,33,62,440. Even without adding the loss on the

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN : 2455-4375 corpus, the commandant would be losing over 5 crore on pension alone! This is what the BSF second-in-command Neeraj Lakhanpal showed during his stint at the Institute of Border Management and Strategic Studies which was widely publicized by the media on 3 December 2017. Any tears to shed for this?

One would expect the central trade unions to lobby with the main opposition parties to include restoration of the old pension scheme as a top priority item in their manifestos. Any new government can ignore this demand only at its own peril.

What is difference between old and new pension

The Central Government has implemented a new pension scheme for its employees. Under this arrangement, deduction of 10% of the salary of employees is made for pension. Government does the same collaboration. Now the government has increased its stake to 14 per cent. But employees are not satisfied with it. Employees say that the government will implement the old pension system. Several central employees are also running the organization movement of the organization and state employees. Let us tell you what is the difference between old pension and new pension

These benefits come in the old pension scheme

* Beneficiaries of Old Pension get the benefit of General Provident Fund (GPF).

* There is no deduction from the salary of employees under the old pension.

* Beneficiaries of old pension get guaranteed pension equal to 50 percent of the last pay.

* Old Pension is given entirely by the government.

* There is a case against the government when there is a dispute in the old pension.

* Old Pensioners get 16.5 times as gratuity in the form of last salary on retirement.

-*Old pensioners get death gratuity on death in duty. After the 7th Pay Commission, this amount has been increased from 10 lakh to 20 lakhs.

* Under the old pension system, after getting the death of an employee during his service term, family members get family pension.

* Older pensioners get the benefit of dearness allowance and pay commissions.

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―Either we go to the old scheme or this scheme can itself be converted into an assured pension scheme. We have also given a workaround on how it can be done. If invested properly, it is possible to guarantee assured income. Instead of investing in the market, the fund can be used in lending activities. Retail lending can alone fetch 12-15% interest and we can avoid the whims of the market,‖ Thomas Franco, former general secretary of AIBOC, told The Wire. Even while suggesting how to ease anxieties regarding market volatility, Franco’s preference remains going back to the old scheme.

Conclusion :

It is a voluntary account, more of a substitute for the GPF where one can withdraw any amount at any time. The government does not contribute anything in the tier 2 account. Unlike the pension and GPF in the old scheme, the NPS does not guarantee any fixed returns as it is market-linked. The GPF is designed by combining both concepts of defined benefit and defined contribution. The government employees will contribute 3%-15% (mandatory contribution of 3%, and voluntary contribution ranging from 1-12%) of their monthly salary and remit to the Fund as employee’s contribution. The government as the employer, then tops up with an equal mandatory portion of 3% together with another two percent of the pre-reform compensation.

The money will be credited to each member’s individual account and invested according to the regulations. At the end of membership, a member shall receive two portions of money. The first one is the pension or gratuity under the old defined benefit scheme from government. The second portion is the reimbursement of retirement saving from the GPF. For those who retire from government service with no rights to receive pension or gratuity under the old scheme, they will receive only the reimbursement of their personal saving, including benefits from the GPF.

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References :

 https://www.gpf.or.th/eng2012/about_vision.asp  https://www.gpf.or.th/eng2012/about_gpf.asp  https://www.ndtv.com/business/general-provident-fund-gpf-rules  https://money.bhaskar.com/news/MON-PERS-FINP-UTLT-difference-between-old- pension-  https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/opinion/demand-for-scrapping-new-pension- scheme  https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/  https://thewire.in/labour/why-govt-employees-are-up-in-arms-about-the-new-pension- scheme  http://socialprotection-humanrights.org/key-issues/social-protection-systems/old-age- and-survivors-p

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Pension and Security

Prof. Parimal B. Dongre Assistant Professor Department of English M.B.Patel Arts and Commerce College Salekasa, Dist- Gondia (M.S.) ------Abstract-The present research paper is based on the link between pension and security of a person from multiple perspectives. How pension can play a crucial role in making the life of a person better has been described in this research paper. Also multiple small linked points which are connected with the pension and dimensions of life have been discussed in this research paper.

------Introduction- Security is a major point concerned with the life of a person. If we take a look at world in general and India in particular, we observe that everybody after a certain age wants to lead a secured life. This security has multiple dimensions like- social, financial, mental and from relations’ point of view. In this context if one needs to be financially secured then pension is such a plan which is associated with making life of an employee smooth and risk-free. Therefore, how pension is linked with life of a person has been discussed through following points which reflect multiple angles.

Relationship Equation- India is a country where people either live in a joint or nuclear family. In Indian culture it is a general custom that the child has to take care of his parents after his father’s retirement and in old age. But, if we take a generalized observation of the news obtained from media about father-son relationship, we come to know that it is not that good especially when there are more than two children in the family. Under such situation it has been observed that there is a fight between brothers and sisters for the sake of property. Hence there is no surety that who would take care of the parents. Therefore, the father feels that instead of living with his son, who most of the times reside in a city away from his hometown, he prefers to live with his wife. Under such circumstances pension plays a vital role in making their life financially secured.

Health- If we take a generalized observation of Indians about their health awareness, we come to know that it is very less. Majority of Indians, due to various reasons, do not live a very healthy lifestyle. As a result of it they suffer from various health problems like- blood pressure, sugar, thyroid, diabetes, asthma, arthritis etc. After the age of fourty, health becomes the first priority. In many cases, due to poor health, even if people want to work hard for their earning, they cannot do it because of several health problems. Their

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN: 2455-4375 bodies do not support them as per their desire. Hence everybody, especially government servants, feel that a certain amount of money should be continuously credited into their accounts so that they should lead a proper life. Under such circumstances, pension plays a crucial role which gives them a sense of security.

Mental peace- Mental peace is an important factor in leading a good life. There are various factors associated with it like- physical well-being, social security, financial security etc. Out of all these, financial security is an important factor which plays a dominant role in giving a state of mental peace to the person. If an employee is secured that after his retirement he would get a certain amount in his saving account, then a sense of mental peace is generated in him. Therefore pension provides mental peace to the employee. It adds a sense of mental stability and security to the life of a person.

Creativity- Almost every person has some creative potential. This creativity can take shape in any dimension like- sports, music, poetry, dance etc. If we take a general observation of lifestyle of majority of Indians, we come to know that majority of them give up their passion as they are deeply engaged in shouldering their family responsibility. Hence that creative element does not blossom properly as it is not used for a very long time. Post retirement age is that period where they get enough time to work on their creative potential as most of their primary responsibilities are already completed. During this time one needs to be financially stable to pay attention and fulfill the creative urge. If an employee is sure that after his retirement he would get certain amount of money as pension, then he would be able to concentrate upon his area of interest. From this point of view, pension gives a sense of security to lead a creative post retirement life and adds a beautiful dimension of happiness to it.

Indian tradition of Moksha-Hinduism is the religion which is followed and practiced by majority of Indians. Hinduism preaches the practice of four stepped model of human development- Dharma, Artha, Kaam and Moksha. Out of these moksha is the fourth and final step of life. When all our basic needs are fulfilled then we work for attainment of moksha. In other words, it is the ultimate aim of life. Only the union with the space component or ultimate can give us the sense of satisfaction and bliss in life. More or less this type of philosophy is deeply printed in the minds of Indians. In accordance with this model of human development, post retirement age is that period of time for an employee where he can fully pay attention to his spiritual needs. Under such situation, spiritual need being the highest need as per Maslow’s principle, requires all the basic needs to be fulfilled. Therefore, financial security is one such factor which is solved by pension. In this regard, pension gives a sense of security and help an employee in leading a desired lifestyle. Therefore pension is very important.

Zeal to work for society- Man being a social animal, every intelligent human being possesses a sense of social responsibility. This understanding motivates a person to lead a life out of his family responsibilities and to devote some of his time and energy for the welfare of underprivileged and needy people in the

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN: 2455-4375 society. Such a person tries to make new plans and work accordingly for the benefit of the society. Although one can work throughout his life and devote some of his time from his busy schedule, but post-retirement period is one such time when one can devote much of his time and energy for the benefit of society. It is a practical reality and truth that only a person who is himself fulfilled and satisfied can satisfied can truly work for others in a better manner. Keeping this truth in mind one can easily say that, in post-retirement period, pension is one such activity which gives mental and economic stability and paves way for doing social work. Therefore it is the most important factor which is beneficial to an employee as well as to the society. Pension fulfills the zeal to work for the society in post-retirement period by giving mental stability and financial support.

Proper life management- Life management is an umbrella term which covers many aspects of life. A successful person is that who plans his life systematically. A well planned life is mainly targeted at blissful living. However, in contradiction to it, the unplanned life does not yield desired results. In the domain of life management, financial planning is one such factor which is of utmost importance and holds a central point associated with the other factors. It is the most pivotal factor which directly affects our life. Retirement age for an employee is that stage when he wants to be financially secured. Pension helps in systematic financial planning in post-retirement stage. In the life of an employee who gets regular monthly salary, all his needs are fulfilled till retirement. But suddenly after retirement the scenario is changed when his salary stops. In case of businessmen the situation is different. The businessman’s earning does not stop instantly. Although there are ups and downs in the life of a businessman, but through investments and proper financial management he manages his life properly. However, in case of a salaried employee, pension is the only major source of income which is helpful for him in his post-retirement age. In this way, pension plays an important part in proper life management.

National responsibility- It is the responsibility of every nation to take care of its citizens in all walks of life. Health, education, infrastructure, social security, financial condition and quality of life of the citizens should be on the top priority list of every country who is really serious about overall development of the citizens. If we compare the life of an average Indian with those of developed countries, we come to know that it is not that qualitative. The health services in countries like Canada are much better than India. As India is a country with heterogeneous cultures, planning is very difficult as compared to other countries.In the line of this thought, it is the duty of our nation to pay attention to the post retirement stage of every Indians. Although the pension is given to the salaried employees, but in recent times with the inclusion of new- pension plan there are many question marks in the minds of employees as this new pension scheme is not similar to the old one. Hence there are many organizations who are demanding for the implementation of the old pension scheme. It is the government’s responsibility to pay attention to such request of large number of employees who are appointed after December 2005. Therefore, if the government pays proper attention to

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Vol. - 6, 2019 UPA National Peer Reviewed e-journal ISSN: 2455-4375 such genuine request, this problem can be very easily rectified. Also it is the nation’s responsibility to secure life of its citizens. Therefore some intelligent schemes and pension plans for the salaried as well as non- salaried people should be introduced by the government.

In this way pension plays a crucial role in securing life of a person. There are multiple benefits of pension which are not only attached to financial stability but also important for leading a life full of quality.

References :

 Shah, Ajay. "Issues in pension system reform in India." Indira Gandhi Institute for Development Research, Mumbai, India (2000).  Pal, Sarmistha, and Robert Palacios. "Understanding poverty among the elderly in India: Implications for social pension policy." Journal of Development Studies 47.7 (2011): 1017-1037.  Unnikrishnan, Vidhya, and Katsushi S. Imai. "Does the old-age pension scheme improve household welfare? Evidence from India." World Development 134 (2020): 105017.  Chopra, Saloni, and Jessica Pudussery. "Social security pensions in India: An assessment." Economic and Political Weekly (2014): 68-74.

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