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Perangkat Pembuatan Aplikasi Multimedia

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Perangkat Pembuatan Aplikasi Multimedia UNIVERSITAS GUNADARMA TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI TUGAS: TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN MULTIMEDIA Nama : Assakur Muhammad Warhadiguna NPM : 11412221 Jurusan : Teknik Elektro Jakarta 2016 DAFTAR ISI Halaman judul ………………………………………………… i Daftar isi ………………………………………………… ii ISI ……………………………………………….. 1 1.1 Perangkat keras ……….…………………………………………. 1 1.2 Video board card …………………………………………………………. 2 1.3 Sound card ………………………………………………………….. 3 1.4 CD ROM dan driver ………………………………………………….. 4 1.5 SCANNER ………………………………………………………....... 4 1.6 Perangkat lunak …………………………………………………………. 6 1.7 Video streaming ………………………………………………………… 7 1.8 VOIP ………………………………………………………………….. 8 1.9 VideoVOIP …………………………………………………………. 8 1.10 ENCODER …………………………………………………………. 9 1.11 MPEG2/MPEG4 ………………………………………………………… 10 1.1 Perangkat Keras Dengan menggunakan dasar-dasar yang telah dikemukakan oleh beberapa ahli diatas, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengertian perangkat keras komputer (hardware) secara umum yaitu komponen-komponen berbentuk fisik yang dapat dilihat dan disentuh, serta membentuk satu kesatuan hingga menjadi bagian dari sebuah komputer yang bekerja sesuai dengan instruksi/perintah dari software. Biasanya komponen-komponen perangkat keras komputer dirakit dan sebagian besar dimasukkan ke dalam sebuah casing komputer. Pun begitu ada juga sebagian komponan yang tidak dirakit menjadi satu di dalam casing, melainkan justru ditaruh di luar namun tentunya masih terpaut dengan jarak tertentu dari komputer yang menggunakannya .Contoh perangkat keras; Setelah memahami dengan jelas mengenai pengertian perangkat keras komputer baik dari definisi yang telah dikemukakan oleh para ahli maupun definisinya secara umum. Ada baiknya kita juga mengetahui komponen-komponen apa saja yang termasuk dalam kategori perangkat keras komputer (hardware). 1.2 Video Board Card Video Graphics Array (VGA), adalah sebuah standar tampilan komputer analog yang dipasarkan pertama kali oleh IBM pada tahun 1987. Walaupun standar VGA sudah tidak lagi digunakan karena sudah diganti oleh standar yang lebih baru, VGA masih diimplementasikan pada Pocket PC. VGA merupakan standar grafis terakhir yang diikuti oleh mayoritas pabrik pembuat kartu grafis komputer. Tampilan Windows sampai sekarang masih menggunakan modus VGA karena didukung oleh banyak produsen monitor dan kartu grafis. Video Graphics Array (VGA) ini biasa dinamakan juga dengan video card, video adapter, display card, graphics card, graphics board, display adapter atau graphics adapter. Istilah VGA sendiri juga sering digunakan untuk mengacu kepada resolusi layar berukuran 640×480, apapun pembuat perangkat keras kartu grafisnya. Kartu VGA berguna untuk menerjemahkan keluaran komputer ke monitor. Untuk proses desain grafis atau bermain permainan video, diperlukan kartu grafis yang berdaya tinggi. Produsen kartu grafis yang terkenal antara lain ATI dan nVidia. Selain itu, VGA juga dapat mengacu kepada konektor VGA 15-pin yang masih digunakan secara luas untuk mengantarkan sinyal video analog ke monitor. Standar VGA secara resmi digantikan oleh standar XGA dari IBM, tetapi nyatanya VGA justru digantikan oleh Super VGA 1.3 Sound Card Pengertian Soundcard dan Fungsinya - Sepertinya masih banyak orang yang belum begitu tahu tentang soundcard, bahkan jika anda pertama kali mendengarnya mungkin kedengarannya agak sedikit aneh, card kan artinya suara, card itu kartu, jadi soundcard itu kartu suara, tuhkan jadi aneh gitu kata-katanya. Daripada Anda lebih jauh terjerumus dalam lubang kebingungan, hehe mending baca artikel ini saja tentang Pengertian Soundcard dan Fungsinya, berikut penjelasannya. Soundcard adalah perangkat keras komputer yang berfungsi untuk mengolah data berupa audio atau suara. Soundcard atau yang lebih kita kenal dengan kartu suara adalah suatu komponen yang terdapat dalam PC yang bertugas untuk menunjang fungsi suara dalam PC multimedia. Sound card merupakan periferal yang terhubung ke slot ISA atau PCI pada motherboard, yang memungkinkan komputer untuk memasukkan input, memproses dan menghantarkan data berupa suara. Seperti halnya VGA card, sound card pun memiliki beragam bentuk, macam dan jenis. Sound card memiliki format tata suara yang mendukung system keluaran suara, misalnya sound card yang memiliki 4 chanel harus menggunakan speaker aktif dengan 4 speaker dan 1 subwover untuk mendapatkan hasil yang optimal. Contoh merk sound card yaitu Creative dan Rocketfish. Dilihat dari cara pemasangannya, soundcard dibagi menjadi 3 bagian : A. Sound Card Onboard, yaitu sound card yang menempel langsung pada motherboard komputer. B. Sound Card Offboard, yaitu sound card yang pemasangannya di slot ISA/PCI pada motherboard. Rata-rata, sekarang sudah menggunakan PCI. C. Soundcard External, adalah sound card yang penggunaannya disambungkan ke komputer melalui port eksternal, seperti USB atau FireWire. 1.4 CD ROM dan Driver CD-ROM merupakan akronim dari “compact disc read-only memory” adalah sebuah piringan kompak dari jenis piringan optik (optical disc) yang dapat menyimpan data. CD-ROM juga berarti bahwa CD-ROM drive hanya bisa digunakan untuk membaca sebuah CD saja. Secara garis besar CD-ROM dibedakan menjadi 2 menurut tipenya yaitu : ATA/IDE dan SCSI. Yang paling mendasari dari perbedaan tersebut adalah kecepatannya. Kalau ATA memiliki kecepatan 100-133Mbps sedangkan SCSI memiliki kecepatan kira-kira 150 Mbps. Untuk tipe SCSI biasanya ditemuka pada CR RW drive. Pada CD ROM terdapat tulisan 56X artinya kemampuan memberikan kecepatan transfer data sebesar 56 x150 Kbps. Tipe CD RW juga biasanya dibedakan berdasarkan kemapuan membakar dan membaca. CD RW tipe 12x8x32 artinya memiliki kemampuan membakar pada CD R seccepat 12x, membakar pada CD RW secepat 8x, dan membaca CD R/CD RW/dengan kecepatan maksimal 32x. Fungsi CD ROM drive adalah digunakan untuk membaca compact disk dalam bentuk audio atau CD-ROM. CD-ROM keluaran terbaru dapat membaca CD-R (CD yang dapat ditulis) dan juga CD-RW (CD yang dapat ditulis berulang- ulang).Kecepatan berputar dari CD-ROM biasanya tidak terlalu penting kecuali pada saat menginstall program, memainkan permainan (games) yang menggunakan CD- ROM drive, atau pada saat membuat CD dengan CD writer.CD ROM DRIVE hanya dapat digunakan untuk membaca sebuah cd saja 1.5 SCANNER Scanner adalah sebuah alat pemindai salah satu perangkat input pada komputer, merupakan suatu alat yang berfungsi untuk menduplikat objek layaknya seperti mesin fotokopy ke dalam bentuk digital. Scanner dapat menduplikat objek tersebut menggunakan sensor cahaya yang terdapat di dalamnya. Sensor yang terdapat pada scanner tersebut mendeteksi struktur, tulisan, dan gambar dari objek yang discan lalu dikirimkan ke komputer dalam bentuk digital. Fungsi Scanner sudah jelas karena dengan adanya alat ini, kita dapat menduplikat hard-copy seperti kertas, makalah, maupun foto ke dalam bentuk digital ke komputer. Jadi saat kita kehilangan source berkas seperti foto atau makalah, kita dapat menyimpan foto tersebut ke komputer kita. Jadi ketika foto itu hilang, atau rusak, kita masih punya simpanannya di komputer dalambentuk digital. Cara kerja scanner dapat kamu baca dan pahami dibagian bawah ini: A. Saat kita menempatkan objek kertas bergambar ataupun teks pada layar kaca scanner dan menekan sebuah tombol scan pada mesin scanner atau menu scan pada layar monitor kamu, maka scenner akan melakukan proses scanning. B. Lalu cahaya yang terpancar pada saat scanning menunjukkan bahwa scanner tersebut sedang melakukan scan dan juga hasil yang didapatkan akan langsung dikirim pada sensor CCD (CCD yaitu suatu alat yang terdapat pada scanner yang mempunyai fungi untuk menerima hasil scanner lalu kemudian di kirim ke ADC). C. Dari CCD tersebut lalu akan dikirim ke ADC (ADC yaitu suatu alat yang bertugas menerima data yang berasaldari CCD dan menubahnya ke dalam bentuk digital kemudian mengirimnya ke komputer). ADC akan memprosesnya lalu mengirimkan hasilnya pada komputer kamu. D. Setelah masuk ke komputer kamu, hasilnya bisa di edit sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Dan kamu juga bisa menyimpannya dalam komputer ataupun dapat langsung mencetak hasil dari scanning tersebut menggunakan printer. 1.6 Perangkat Lunak Pengertian perangkat lunak (software) komputer adalah sekumpulan data elektronik yg disimpan dan diatur oleh komputer, data elektronik yg disimpan oleh komputer itu dapat berupa program atau instruksi yg akan menjalankan suatu perintah. Perangkat lunak disebut juga sebagai penerjemah perintah-perintah yg dijalankan pengguna komputer untuk diteruskan atau diproses oleh perangkat keras. Melalui software atau perangkat lunak inilah suatu komputer dapat menjalankan suatu perintah. Ada beberapa fungsi dari perangkat lunak (software) diantaranya: a. Fungsi perangkat lunak (software) adalah memproses data atau perintah / instruksi hingga mendapat hasil atau menjalankan sebuah perintah perintah. b. Berfungsi sebagai sarana interaksi yg menghubungkan atau menjembatani pengguna komputer (user) dengan perangkat keras. Software sistem operasi merupakan suatu software komplek yg mempunyai banyak fungsi. a. Fungsi yg pertama adalah untuk mengatur semua perangkat keras komputer yang terhubung dengan CPU. b. Fungsi yang kedua adalah menerjemahkan segala aktivitas pemakai kepada CPU agar segala yang diperintahkan oleh pemakai dapat dikerjakan oleh CPU. c. Fungsi yang ketiga adalah mengatur semua proses yg terjadi di dalam CPU. Sistem operasi juga berfungsi sebagai tempat atau platform untuk menjalan suatu software aplikasi. Contoh program berbasis windows hanya dapat dijalankan di pada sistem operasi windows tidak
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