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Libro-Exabruptos.Pdf Exabruptos de Javier Finkman : textos seleccionados + 9 ensayos in memoriam / Sebastián Campanario...[et al.]i ; compilado por Eduardo Levy Yeyati. - 1a ed adaptada. - Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires : María Victoria Giarrizzo, 2020. 301 p. ; 22 x 15 cm. ISBN 978-987-86-3975-8 1. Economía Argentina. I. Levy Yeyati, Eduardo, comp. II. Título. CDD 330.82 © de cada texto, su autor ISBN: 978-987-86-3975-8 Impreso en Argentina Idea, dirección y edición: Eduardo Levy Yeyati Diseño gráfico: Karin Bremer Ilustración de portada: Matilda Finkman 1ª edición, marzo de 2020 300 ejemplares Este libro se terminó de imprimir en el mes de marzo de 2020 en Docuprint, Panamericana km 37,5, Centro Industrial Garín, Calle Haendel, Lote 3, Buenos Aires, Argentina EXABRUPTOS de JAVIER FINKMAN TEXTOS SELECCIONADOS + 9 ENSAYOS IN MEMORIAM Editado por EDUARDO LEVY YEYATI Para Malena Mia Matilda Valeria ÍNDICE No olvidaremos a Javier, por Eduardo Levy Yeyati .......... 9 Tendencias (1992) ...................................... 13 Los intereses creados .................................... 15 La edad de oro ......................................... 21 La política industrial importa. 27 De lo general a lo particular .............................. 33 Innovación, divino tesoro ................................ 37 El orden de los factores… ................................ 41 La resurrección ......................................... 45 Apertura que me hiciste mal… ........................... 49 Crecimiento: Que nada se sabe ........................... 53 La economía se calienta .................................. 57 El desarrollo sostenible .................................. 61 Lecturas económicas de Francisco Sánchez (1993-1995) ..... 65 La flexibilidad laboral ................................... 67 Un país no es una empresa ............................... 71 ¿Por qué Argentina no fue Australia? ...................... 75 Los nuevos revisionistas: Visión liberal de la decadencia.. 79 Consenso de Washington, un intento fallido ................ 83 Cavallo, el hacedor ...................................... 87 La economía vista por un psicólogo ....................... 91 Lecturas económicas de Javier Finkman (1993-1996) ........ 95 Who´s bashing whom? Trade conflict in high-technology industries, de Laura D’Andrea Tyson ....... 97 El mercado de trabajo como institución social, de Robert M. Solow .................................... 101 21st Century capitalism, de Robert Heilbroner ............. 105 The world trading system at risk, de Jagdish Bhagwati ..... 109 Un olvido de la teoría económica .........................113 ¿Mercados emergentes o sumergidos? .....................117 The good society: The human agenda, de John Kenneth Galbraith .............................. 121 Columnas de Francisco Sánchez ........................ 125 Entre la teoría y la experiencia ........................... 127 Kydland y Prescott, un Premio Nobel muy conservador .... 133 El largo brazo de la economía ........................... 137 Lavagna, retrato de época ............................... 143 Influencia de los economistas en la política ................ 149 Galbraith, una vida prolífica. 153 Inflación: ¿viejos o nuevos fantasmas? .................... 159 2006: ¿Cambió la Argentina? ............................ 165 Festival de ideas: el regreso del estructuralismo ............ 171 Económica-mente ..................................... 177 La poscrisis ........................................... 179 Reinventar la clase media ............................... 183 Tipo de cambio y turismo médico ........................ 189 El crecimiento y el campo: una aclaración ................. 191 ¿El fin del peso barato? ................................. 193 No estamos solos ...................................... 197 Ahorrar crudo ......................................... 199 Estabilización ......................................... 201 Predecir es difícil... especialmente el futuro ................ 205 La Nación ............................................ 209 Embarazos, crimen y educación bajo la lupa de economistas: lo freak que es chic .......................211 A portarnos mal: lo último en economía del comportamiento .................................... 215 El naturalismo: una puerta de entrada a la economía ....... 219 La economía del engaño ................................ 223 El economista como predicador .......................... 227 El Plan Propinar ....................................... 231 El legado de Julio Olivera ............................... 235 In memoriam ......................................... 241 Ideas a las 4 a.m.: apuntes sobre un economista de otra galaxia, por Sebastián Campanario ................ 243 El alma de los argentinos y el déficit fiscal, por Ana Claudia Alfieri ................................. 251 Sobre élites, reformas fallidas y cambio estructural regresivo, por José María Fanelli ......................... 257 Sobre las ficciones: el mercado y el Estado, por Mariana Chudnovsky ............................... 265 La economía ¿es “fácil” o “difícil”? Planck vs Scalabrini Ortiz, por Andrés López .............. 271 Empresas transnacionales e inversiones (dos temas en memoria de un grande, Javier Finkman), por Bernardo Kosacoff .................................. 277 Estructura financiera y creación monetaria: interacciones en la génesis de la crisis financiera global, por Sebastián Katz ..................................... 283 Heterodoxo y fiscalmente consistente: la argentinidad en la macroeconomía de Javier, por Gustavo Cañonero ................................. 293 Pajaritos familiares, por Roberto Frenkel .................. 299 Los autores ........................................... 301 NO OLVIDAREMOS A JAVIER Eduardo Levy Yeyati La reseña biográfica dirá que Javier Finkman, fallecido a los 54 años, estudió economía en la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), trabajó como investigador en el CEDES, fue profesor de Mercado de Capitales de grado, profesor de Finanzas de posgrado en la carrera de Economía de la UBA y profesor visitante en la Universidad Di Tella. Y que, desde 1996, trabajaba en el banco HSBC, donde fue eco- nomista jefe para la Argentina y jefe de Estudios para Sudamérica. La reseña también dirá que fue un profesor admirado y querido y un economista financiero de referencia internacional, muchas veces reconocido por la industria financiera como el mejor en su área. Quienes lo conocimos de cerca sabemos que este escueto currí- culum dista de hacerle justicia a la riqueza de sus ideas y a su contribución al debate económico en el país. Antes de enseñar política monetaria y finanzas, campos que dominaba en la teoría y en la práctica como ninguno, Javier fue profesor de epistemología en la carrera de Economía de la UBA (¿hay indicio más claro de un pensamiento crítico que un macro- economista que empieza por cuestionar sus propios axiomas y teorías?). Su pasión por confrontar los orígenes de lo que en la práctica cotidiana (o incluso en la academia) damos convenien- temente por sentado fue el motor de sus lecturas, así como el de varias de sus columnas. Con el heterónimo Miguel Olivera (elegido en honor a dos eco- nomistas que admiraba: Miguel Sidrauski y Julio Olivera) encontró la libertad de la imparcialidad para comentar y difundir el trabajo de otros, admirados o no, o para inaugurar la blogósfera económica argentina con el sitio Exabruptos, nombre con el que se convirtió en un referente respetado a ambos lados de la grieta de Twitter. Con esta segunda personalidad, fue construyendo silenciosamente un personaje inusual en la profesión: el del polemista informado y objetivo, el estudiante crónico, el economista intelectual en el 9 mejor sentido del término. Usó el humor, la pregunta retórica y la ironía no para la agresión o el libelo, sino para mover al otro al mismo plano de permanente interrogación en el que él mismo había decidido ubicarse. Javier padecía y ejercitaba su insomnio: fue un gran curioso y un lector obsesivo sin fronteras temáticas, a contrapelo de los des- órdenes de atención que sufrimos algunos de sus colegas (afuera quedaba la ficción, salvo por las recomendaciones literarias de Tasas Chinas –el programa de radio que compartimos con Javier y Karina Galperín–, que se esmeraba en seguir o en hacernos creer que lo hacía). En una entrevista de hace años al ficticio Miguel Olivera –que muchos crían de carne y hueso–, Javier listaba algunos de sus autores preferidos, todos fuera del mainstream: Schelling, Fisher, McCloskey, Taylor, Díaz Alejandro. «Keynes es una revo- lución. Friedman, una restauración. El economista que no lee a ambos es un economista berreta», decía en la misma entrevista. Alguna vez el diario Crítica publicó columnas firmadas porOlivera e ilustradas con la foto de un señor adusto y constipado, una foto que Javier había tomado prestada de internet para darle un rostro a su alter ego. Javier no solo pensaba y dialogaba a través de la grieta tribal de escuelas y políticas; también unía generaciones, liderando encuen- tros con economistas jóvenes y manteniendo la mente abierta con humildad y genuino amor por el aprendizaje. Tal vez ayudó para este rol el hecho de que Javier haya sido un luchador incansable. Un sobreviviente desde que un trasplante a temprana edad le dio una sobrevida que él abrazó con coraje. Y una persona íntegra, un socio indulgente siempre dispuesto a escuchar y asistir y un amigo entrañable para a quienes tuvimos la suerte de tenerlo cerca. ¿Puede un pensador sin opus dejar una marca
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