Architectural Cast-In-Place Concrete and White Cement
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Slide 1 Architectural Cast-In-Place Concrete and White Cement Sponsored by Lehigh White Cement Company Welcome to Architectural Cast-In-Place Concrete and White Cement Presented by Hanley Wood University Sponsored by Lehigh White Cement Company Slide 2 AIA Best Practices Lehigh White Cement Company sponsors this program provided by Hanley Wood, a Registered Provider with the American Institute of Architects Continuing Education System (AIA/CES). Credit(s) earned on completion of this program will be reported to AIA/CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion are available for self-reporting and record-keeping needs upon completion of the program. This program is registered with AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any materials of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to the information within this program should be directed to Lehigh White Cement Company upon completion of this program. Lehigh White Cement Company sponsors this program provided by Hanley Wood, a Registered Provider with the American Institute of Architects Continuing Education System (AIA/CES). Credit(s) earned on completion of this program will be reported to AIA/CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion are available for self-reporting and record-keeping needs upon completion of the program. This program is registered with AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any materials of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to the information within this program should be directed to Lehigh White Cement Company upon completion of this program. Slide 3 Copyright This presentation is protected by U.S. and International copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission from Lehigh White Cement Company is prohibited. © Lehigh White Cement Company 2017 This presentation is protected by U.S. and International copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of Lehigh White Cement Company is prohibited. Slide 4 Cast-in-Place Concrete - Defined For the purpose of this program, cast-in-place concrete is defined as concrete that is formed, placed and finished on the building site as opposed to precast concrete and masonry elements that are produced offsite and delivered ready to be installed. Cast-in-place concrete made with white cement can function as an architectural feature along with being a dependable, long-lasting structural element. The photo above is of the Louisiana Sports Hall of Fame in Natchitoches, Louisiana designed by Trahan Architects which makes use of a white cast-in-place concrete floor that complements the museum’s precast concrete walls. Slide 5 Introduction Wise building material selection can improve your real estate value Material selection is one of the most important choices you will make to the overall outcome of your construction projects. Understanding how different material options impact your bottom line leads to better informed decision-making. Owners and building developers who choose cast-in-place concrete get built-in safety and comfort for their end users. This continuing education course highlights the advantages that durable, non-combustible, low-maintenance materials and finishes bring to your projects. It discusses why architectural and decorative concrete is the smart choice for buildings, floors and key building elements, and why concrete is a sustainable option. Photo Credit: This photo features the polished white concrete floor of the Tampa Museum of Art designed by Natoma Architects Slide 6 Learning Objectives Upon completion of this course, you will be able to: 1. List advantages of using concrete in construction and explain the primary environmental impacts associated with this building material along with the sustainable benefits concrete provides to your project. 2. State key differences between gray and white cements and the advantages of using white cement with pigments. 3. Call-out key best practices for producing architectural concrete whether batched onsite or at the local ready mix concrete producer. 4. Identify the two primary types of finishes available for concrete floors along with important steps required to achieve the look you want. 5. Discuss where special placement options such as shotcrete or tilt-up concrete can be your best construction choice. The learning objectives for this course provide further insight on what you will be learning. After you finish this course, you will be able to: • List advantages of concrete that deliver value in building construction and explain the sustainable attributes of concrete vs. other building materials • State key differences between gray and white cements and the advantages of using white cement with pigments • Identify the two primary types of finishes available for concrete floors; important steps to take to achieve the look you want while reducing the overall environmental impact of your project • Call-out key best practices for producing architectural concrete, whether batched onsite or at the local ready mix concrete producer • Discuss where special placement options such as shotcrete or tilt-up concrete can be your best construction choice Slide 7 List advantages of using concrete in construction and explain the primary environmental impacts associated with this building material, along with the sustainable benefits concrete provides to your project. LEARNING OBJECTIVE 1 Concrete has many advantages over other building materials including versatility, low environmental impacts for material production, low maintenance, energy-efficiency and resilience. It is also more affordable than other less durable options that have comparable aesthetics and performance. Slide 8 Versatility Concrete is a versatile material that can take on nearly any shape, color or texture. It does not have to be monotone or a boring gray color. Cast-in-place concrete can be formed into practically any shape and, through the use of white cement, almost any color. This includes a wide variety of finish options such as formed reliefs and textures, sandblasted, acid-etched, chemically exposed aggregates, hard-troweled or ground and polished finishes. Here are a few examples of the many possible applications: • Decorative floors and flatwork • Formed structural elements, such as walls and columns • Hybrid systems, such as tilt-up construction • Architectural shotcrete • Infrastructure, such as bridges and safety barriers Photo Source: http://www.archprecast.org/colorandtexture.htm Slide 9 Architectural Concrete & Sustainability The environmental impacts of building construction comes from the materials used and how well the building performs its designed function. Most of the impact from building with concrete is tied to the cement binder, which is about 11% of the volume. As with all building materials, the most significant environmental impact from concrete comes from production of its ingredients. Portland cement is a powder that, when mixed with water, binds sand and aggregates together to create concrete. Making cement is energy intensive, largely due to the high temperatures (~2700 degrees F) needed for its manufacture. This makes cement production the main source of concrete’s embodied energy. About two-thirds of concrete is made up of coarse aggregates (gravel or crushed stone) and fine aggregates (sand) which are common, abundant and generally locally sourced. Aggregate has extremely low embodied energy because it takes minimal fuel and energy to obtain it. It’s extracted from quarries that produce little to no mining waste. This is in stark contrast to other building materials (i.e. steel, aluminum, etc.) that depend on an ore-bearing rock that, once mined, is then crushed and repeatedly refined to obtain the finished product. These types of materials often have a waste to finished product factors of more than 10:1. Slide 10 Concrete’s Emission Info Emissions associated with generating power, transportation and most other sectors yield a one-time benefit. Emissions from cement production yield long-lasting structures such as homes, schools, hospitals and infrastructure. Raw materials are heated to ~ 2,700º F (1450º C), driving chemical changes that make cement reactive with water Portland cement concrete is the world’s most used building material. The green house gas emissions associated with portland cement manufacture, although small relative to its contribution to society, are important to address. Green House Gas Emissions: • Cement manufacture accounts for ~ 1% of man-made green house gas emissions from the United States *. • Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most common green house gas. It is generated by chemical changes in raw materials to produce compounds that react with water and by burning fuel in a special furnace called a rotary kiln. Heating limestone releases CO2 through the chemical process called calcination. The shorthand for this chemical reaction is CaCO3 + heat → CaO + CO2. • On a global scale, for every ton of cement used in concrete, there are about 0.65 to 0.70 tons of CO2 emissions from process heat and calcination. •