Micro Transport Protocol (Μtp) in Java
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What Is Peer-To-Peer File Transfer? Bandwidth It Can Use
sharing, with no cap on the amount of commonly used to trade copyrighted music What is Peer-to-Peer file transfer? bandwidth it can use. Thus, a single NSF PC and software. connected to NSF’s LAN with a standard The Recording Industry Association of A peer-to-peer, or “P2P,” file transfer 100Mbps network card could, with KaZaA’s America tracks users of this software and has service allows the user to share computer files default settings, conceivably saturate NSF’s begun initiating lawsuits against individuals through the Internet. Examples of P2P T3 (45Mbps) internet connection. who use P2P systems to steal copyrighted services include KaZaA, Grokster, Gnutella, The KaZaA software assesses the quality of material or to provide copyrighted software to Morpheus, and BearShare. the PC’s internet connection and designates others to download freely. These services are set up to allow users to computers with high-speed connections as search for and download files to their “Supernodes,” meaning that they provide a How does use of these services computers, and to enable users to make files hub between various users, a source of available for others to download from their information about files available on other create security issues at NSF? computers. users’ PCs. This uses much more of the When configuring these services, it is computer’s resources, including bandwidth possible to designate as “shared” not only the and processing capability. How do these services function? one folder KaZaA sets up by default, but also The free version of KaZaA is supported by the entire contents of the user’s computer as Peer to peer file transfer services are highly advertising, which appears on the user well as any NSF network drives to which the decentralized, creating a network of linked interface of the program and also causes pop- user has access, to be searchable and users. -
Cloud Token Wallet
CLOUD TOKEN WALLET SYMBOL CTO STORE, EXCHANGE, EARN & SPEND VERSION 1.0 TABLE OF TABLE 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 01 2. BACKGROUND 02 2.1 What is a blockchain? 02 2.2 What is a cryptocurrency? 04 2.3 What is a cryptocurrency wallet? 05 2.4 What are mobile payments? 06 2.5 What is a cryptocurrency exchange? 07 2.6 What is AI trading? 09 3. PROBLEMS WITH MOBILE CRYPTO WALLETS 10 3.1 Many mobile crypto wallets are centralised 10 CONTENTS 3.2 Mobile crypto wallets only do two things 10 4. ADVANTAGES OF CLOUD TOKEN WALLET 11 4.1 Fully distributed anonymity & transparency 11 4.2 Integrated services & convenience 11 4.2.1 AI-assisted trading system 12 4.2.2 Decentralised exchange 13 4.2.3 Payments 13 5. HOW? PARALLEL LEDGERS! 14 5.1 Parallel consensus 14 5.1.1 Individual P2P POR consensus 14 5.1.2 Organisational hybrid consensus 15 5.2 Parallel dApps for parallel chains 16 6. CLOUD TOKEN WALLET TECHNOLOGY 17 6.1 File System DLT (FSDLT) 17 6.2 Mainline Distributed Hash Table (mDHT) 18 6.3 SHOUT — Simple Heuristic Object UDP Transfer 19 6.4 SWARM Storage 20 6.5 IFTTT Business Logic Layer 21 7. CLOUD TOKEN WALLET SECURITY 22 7.1 Block gap synchronization 22 7.2 Transaction flooding 22 7.3 Penny-spend 23 7.4 51% attack 23 8. ROADMAP 24 8.1 Whence we came 24 8.2 Under construction 25 8.3 The road ahead 25 9. RISKS & CLAIMS 26 10. DOWNLOAD CLOUD TOKEN WALLET 28 EXECUTIVE01 SUMMARY The “Background” chapter of this concept paper offers foundational knowledge. -
The Edonkey File-Sharing Network
The eDonkey File-Sharing Network Oliver Heckmann, Axel Bock, Andreas Mauthe, Ralf Steinmetz Multimedia Kommunikation (KOM) Technische Universitat¨ Darmstadt Merckstr. 25, 64293 Darmstadt (heckmann, bock, mauthe, steinmetz)@kom.tu-darmstadt.de Abstract: The eDonkey 2000 file-sharing network is one of the most successful peer- to-peer file-sharing applications, especially in Germany. The network itself is a hybrid peer-to-peer network with client applications running on the end-system that are con- nected to a distributed network of dedicated servers. In this paper we describe the eDonkey protocol and measurement results on network/transport layer and application layer that were made with the client software and with an open-source eDonkey server we extended for these measurements. 1 Motivation and Introduction Most of the traffic in the network of access and backbone Internet service providers (ISPs) is generated by peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing applications [San03]. These applications are typically bandwidth greedy and generate more long-lived TCP flows than the WWW traffic that was dominating the Internet traffic before the P2P applications. To understand the influence of these applications and the characteristics of the traffic they produce and their impact on network design, capacity expansion, traffic engineering and shaping, it is important to empirically analyse the dominant file-sharing applications. The eDonkey file-sharing protocol is one of these file-sharing protocols. It is imple- mented by the original eDonkey2000 client [eDonkey] and additionally by some open- source clients like mldonkey [mlDonkey] and eMule [eMule]. According to [San03] it is with 52% of the generated file-sharing traffic the most successful P2P file-sharing net- work in Germany, even more successful than the FastTrack protocol used by the P2P client KaZaa [KaZaa] that comes to 44% of the traffic. -
[Hal-00744922, V1] Improving Content Availability in the I2P Anonymous
Improving Content Availability in the I2P Anonymous File-Sharing Environment Juan Pablo Timpanaro, Isabelle Chrisment*, Olivier Festor INRIA Nancy-Grand Est, France *LORIA - ESIAL, Universit´ede Lorraine Email: fjuanpablo.timpanaro, [email protected] Email: [email protected] Abstract. Anonymous communication has gained more and more inter- est from Internet users as privacy and anonymity problems have emerged. Dedicated anonymous networks such as Freenet and I2P allow anony- mous file-sharing among users. However, one major problem with anony- mous file-sharing networks is that the available content is highly reduced, mostly with outdated files, and non-anonymous networks, such as the BitTorrent network, are still the major source of content: we show that in a 30-days period, 21648 new torrents were introduced in the BitTor- rent community, whilst only 236 were introduced in the anonymous I2P network, for four different categories of content. Therefore, how can a user of these anonymous networks access this varied and non-anonymous content without compromising its anonymity? In this paper, we improve content availability in an anonymous environment by proposing the first internetwork model allowing anonymous users to access and share content in large public communities while remaining anonymous. We show that our approach can efficiently interconnect I2P users and public BitTorrent swarms without affecting their anonymity nor their performance. Our model is fully implemented and freely usable. 1 Introduction Peer-to-peer file-sharing has always been one of the major sources of the Internet hal-00744922, version 1 - 24 Oct 2012 traffic, since its early beginnings in 2000. It has been moving from semi-central approaches (eDonkey2000, for example), to semi-decentralized approaches (Kazaa, for instance) to fully decentralized file-sharing architectures (like the KAD net- work). -
Downloading Copyrighted Materials
What you need to know before... Downloading Copyrighted Materials Including movies, TV shows, music, digital books, software and interactive games The Facts and Consequences Who monitors peer-to-peer file sharing? What are the consequences at UAF The Motion Picture Association of America for violators of this policy? (MPAA), Home Box Office, and other copyright Student Services at UAF takes the following holders monitor file-sharing on the Internet minimum actions when the policy is violated: for the illegal distribution of their copyrighted 1st Offense: contents. Once identified they issue DMCA Loss of Internet access until issue is resolved. (Digital Millennium Copyright Act) take-down 2nd Offense: notices to the ISP (Internet Service Provider), in Loss of Internet access pending which the University of Alaska is considered as resolution and a $100 fee assessment. one, requesting the infringement be stopped. If 3rd Offense: not stopped, lawsuit against the user is possible. Loss of Internet access pending resolution and a $250 fee assessment. What is UAF’s responsibility? 4th, 5th, 6th Offense: Under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act and Loss of Internet access pending resolution and Higher Education Opportunity Act, university a $500 fee assessment. administrators are obligated to track these infractions and preserve relevent logs in your What are the Federal consequences student record. This means that if your case goes for violators? to court, your record may be subpoenaed as The MPAA, HBO and similar organizations are evidence. Since illegal file sharing also drains becoming more and more aggressive in finding bandwidth, costing schools money and slowing and prosecuting alleged offenders in criminal Internet connections, for students trying to use court. -
A Study of Peer-To-Peer Systems
A Study of Peer-to-Peer Systems JIA, Lu A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Philosophy in Information Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong August 2009 Abstract of thesis entitled: A Study of Peer-to-Peer Systems Submitted by JIA, Lu for the degree of Master of Philosophy at The Chinese University of Hong Kong in June 2009 Peer-to-peer (P2P) systems have evolved rapidly and become immensely popular in Internet. Users in P2P systems can share resources with each other and in this way the server loading is reduced. P2P systems' good performance and scalability attract a lot of interest in the research community as well as in industry. Yet, P2P systems are very complicated systems. Building a P2P system requires carefully and repeatedly thinking and ex- amining architectural design issues. Instead of setting foot in all aspects of designing a P2P system, this thesis focuses on two things: analyzing reliability and performance of different tracker designs and studying a large-scale P2P file sharing system, Xun- lei. The "tracker" of a P2P system is used to lookup which peers hold (or partially hold) a given object. There are various designs for the tracker function, from a single-server tracker, to DHT- based (distributed hash table) serverless systems. In the first part of this thesis, we classify the different tracker designs, dis- cuss the different considerations for these designs, and provide simple models to evaluate the reliability of these designs. Xunlei is a new proprietary P2P file sharing protocol that has become very popular in China. -
Frequently Asked Questions
Copyright & File-Sharing FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS WHAT IS COPYRIGHT? BUT I BOUGHT IT. WHY CAN’T I SHARE IT? WHAT CAN I DO TO AVOID COPYRIGHT Copyright refers to the legal rights creators have There is a difference between using and distributing INFRINGEMENT? over the use, distribution, and reproduction of copyrighted materials. Purchasing songs, movies, or Download content from legitimate sources and do original work (music, movies, software, etc.). software from legitimate sources does not give you the not share copyrighted materials online. Uninstall Copyright infringement is the unlawful use of any right to share these materials over the Internet or make P2P applications (e.g., Popcorn Time, BitTorrent, material protected under copyright law. Common copies for others. When you purchase a Peer-to-Peer Vuze), which may be sharing your files without violations include downloading ‘pirated’ copies of (P2P) program (e.g., Frostwire, BitTorrent, Vuze), you your knowledge. Do not share your NetID and copyrighted materials or sharing files not intended only buy the software, not any files you download or password with anyone. Keep your computer for you to distribute. share using this software. up-to-date with the latest security patches and anti-virus software. HOW DO I KNOW IT’S COPYRIGHTED? DOES UMASS IT MONITOR MY INTERNET Assume all materials are copyright-protected CONNECTION? HOW CAN I LEGALLY DOWNLOAD CONTENT? unless you created them or you have received the No. We do not monitor the contents of your computer Services like Amazon, iTunes, and eMusic offer author’s explicit permission to distribute them. All or issue copyright complaints. -
Security Analysis of the Micro Transport Protocol with a Misbehaving Receiver
2012 International Conference on Cyber-Enabled Distributed Computing and Knowledge Discover Security Analysis of the Micro Transport Protocol with a Misbehaving Receiver ∗ † ‡ ∗ Florian Adamsky , Syed Ali Khayam , Rudolf Jäger , Muttukrishnan Rajarajan ∗ City University London, United Kingdom Email: {Florian.Adamsky.1, R.Muttukrishnan}@city.ac.uk † National University of Sciences and Technology, Pakistan Email: [email protected] ‡ Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen University of Applied Sciences, Germany Email: [email protected] Abstract—BitTorrent is the most widely used Peer- This approach is inflexible and often leaves big head to-Peer (P2P) protocol and it comprises the largest room which is unused. A better approach is to use share of traffic in Europe. To make BitTorrent more a separate transport protocol for background traffic Internet Service Provider (ISP) friendly, BitTorrent Inc. like TCP-LP [1] or TCP-Nice [2]. These protocols can invented the Micro Transport Protocol (uTP). It is based detect foreground traffic and automatically reduce their on UDP with a novel congestion control called Low Extra Delay Background Transport (LEDBAT). This sending rate. With uTP using LEDBAT there is a new protocol assumes that the receiver always gives correct kid on the block. feedback, since otherwise this deteriorates throughput or In December 2008, BitTorrent announced in the yields to corrupted data. We show through experimental developer forum that μTorrent will switch the data investigation that a misbehaving uTP receiver, which transfer from TCP to UDP [3]. Shortly after that is not interested in data integrity, can increase the announcement, panic started spreading all over the bandwidth of the sender by up to five times. -
What You Need to Know About Copyright Infringement October 2, 2018 Dear Student, the Higher Education Opportunity Act of 2008 Re
What You Need to Know About Copyright Infringement October 2, 2018 Dear Student, The Higher Education Opportunity Act of 2008 requires all colleges and universities to inform students of the possible consequences of copyright infringement as outlined by the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA). How the DMCA Affects Wake Forest University The Digital Millennium Copyright Act protects the rights of owners of copyrighted digital material. By providing students online access to the Wake Forest University’s computing network(s), including Internet access, the University is considered an Internet Service Provider (ISP). The DMCA requires an ISP to expeditiously respond to complaints it receives of copyright infringements over its networks. Potential Legal Penalties for Federal Copyright Law Violations Violation of the DMCA can result in severe civil or criminal penalties. University action taken to stop copyright violation, including disciplinary measures, does not protect the individual infringer from civil or criminal prosecution from the copyright owner or the authorities. Illegal Music Downloading Complaints Filed by Entertainment Entities Most copyright infringement cases reported to Wake Forest Information Systems are associated with illegal music downloading. Other common types of copyright infringement cases at Wake Forest involve the illegal downloading or sharing of movies, videos, and software including gaming software. Risks Associated with Illegal File Sharing Using peer-to-peer file sharing programs that share copyrighted material such as music, movies and software put you at risk of obtaining viruses, spyware or other malicious software that can corrupt your computer and damage your data. Peer-to-peer file sharing programs include Popcorn View, Popcorn Time, Vuze, uTorrent, BitTorrent, LimeWire, BitComet, and FrostWire. -
Deluge-2.0.3
deluge Documentation Release 2.0.3 Deluge Team June 12, 2019 CONTENTS 1 Contents 1 1.1 Getting started with Deluge.......................................1 1.2 How-to guides..............................................2 1.3 Release notes...............................................3 1.4 Development & community.......................................6 1.5 Development guide............................................ 11 1.6 Reference................................................. 21 i ii CHAPTER ONE CONTENTS 1.1 Getting started with Deluge This is a starting point if you are new to Deluge where we will walk you through getting up and running with our BitTorrent client. 1.1.1 Installing Deluge These are the instructions for installing Deluge. Consider them a work-in-progress and feel free to make suggestions for improvement. Ubuntu PPA Until the stable PPA is updated, the development version of Deluge can be used: sudo add-apt-repository-u ppa:deluge-team/stable sudo apt install deluge PyPi To install from Python PyPi, Deluge requires the following system installed packages: sudo apt install python3-pip python3-libtorrent python3-gi python3-gi-cairo gir1.2- ,!gtk-3.0 gir1.2-appindicator3 Install with pip: pip install deluge Windows Unfortuately due to move to GTK3 and Python 3 there is no installer package currently available for Windows. Intrepid users can install Deluge from seperate packages as detailed in issue #3201. 1 deluge Documentation, Release 2.0.3 macOS There is no .app package currently for macOS, but can try Deluge with homebrew. 1. Install Homebrew 2. Open a terminal. 3. Run the following to install required packages: brew install pygobject3 gtk+3 adwaita-icon-theme brew install libtorrent-rasterbar 4. To fix translations: brew link gettext--force 5. -
Analys Av Popcorn Time Med Hjälp Av Sniffingprogrammet Wireshark
Analys av Popcorn Time med hjalp¨ av sniffingprogrammet Wireshark Kevin A.˚ Kimaryo Fredrik Siemund Lund University Lund University [email protected] [email protected] Sammanfattning—Vi har anvant¨ sniffingprogrammet ocksa˚ sa˚ det funkar, men ar¨ det en stor fil som laddas upp Wireshark for¨ att analysera vad som hander¨ nar¨ man streamar i omraden˚ med laga˚ overf¨ oringshastigheter¨ kan det innebara¨ (svenska: strommar)¨ film med den olagliga tjansten¨ Popcorn stora belastningar pa˚ internettrafiken och andra anvandare¨ i Time. Popcorn Time ar¨ en BitTorrent-klient vilket betyder att anvandarna¨ bade˚ laddar upp och ner data vid tittandet av en omradet˚ kan uppleva storningar.¨ Dessutom kan det vara valdigt¨ film. Popcorn Time hittar andra anvandare¨ genom att ta kontakt dyrt att tillgodose den nodv¨ andiga¨ uppladdningshastigheten for¨ med en server som i BitTorrent-protokollet kallas for¨ "tracker", att kunna distribuera stora filer pa˚ ett snabbt och smidigt satt.¨ vilket ar¨ det enda centrala elementet i Popcorn Time och som Istallet¨ for¨ att ha en enda nedladdningskalla¨ sa˚ kan haller˚ reda pa˚ vart andra anvandare¨ finns. Vart˚ resultat visar man utnyttja de anvandare¨ som laddar ner filen; man later˚ att Popcorn Time i princip beter sig som en vanlig BitTorrent- klient med den enda skillnad att tjansten¨ dessutom anvander¨ ett dem inte bara ladda ner utan aven¨ ladda upp delar av filen protokoll for¨ streaming av video, kallat GVSP. till andra anvandare.¨ Detta ar¨ tanken bakom BitTorrent och innebar¨ att anvandarnas¨ (det vill saga¨ de som laddar ner en I. INLEDNING fil) uppladningskapacitet utnyttjas och pa˚ sa˚ satt¨ skickas och Att streama innehall˚ over¨ natet¨ blir allt vanligare. -
Bittorrent Is an Auction: Analyzing and Improving Bittorrent’S Incentives
BitTorrent is an Auction: Analyzing and Improving BitTorrent’s Incentives Dave Levin Katrina LaCurts Neil Spring Bobby Bhattacharjee University of Maryland University of Maryland University of Maryland University of Maryland [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION Incentives play a crucial role in BitTorrent, motivating users to up- BitTorrent [2] is a remarkably successful decentralized system load to others to achieve fast download times for all peers. Though that allows many users to download a file from an otherwise under- long believed to be robust to strategic manipulation, recent work provisioned server. To ensure quick download times and scalabil- has empirically shown that BitTorrent does not provide its users ity, BitTorrent relies upon those downloading a file to cooperatively incentive to follow the protocol. We propose an auction-based trade portions, or pieces, of the file with one another [5]. Incentives model to study and improve upon BitTorrent’s incentives. The play an inherently crucial role in such a system; users generally insight behind our model is that BitTorrent uses, not tit-for-tat as wish to download their files as quickly as possible, and since Bit- widely believed, but an auction to decide which peers to serve. Our Torrent is decentralized, there is no global “BitTorrent police” to model not only captures known, performance-improving strategies, govern their actions. Users are therefore free to attempt to strate- it shapes our thinking toward new, effective strategies. For exam- gically manipulate others into helping them download faster. The ple, our analysis demonstrates, counter-intuitively, that BitTorrent role of incentives in BitTorrent is to motivate users to contribute peers have incentive to intelligently under-report what pieces of their resources to others so as to achieve desirable global system the file they have to their neighbors.