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A New Radix Species from Qinling Mountains, China (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae)

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A New Radix Species from Qinling Mountains, China (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) Ecologica Montenegrina 26: 137-146 (2019) This journal is available online at: www.biotaxa.org/em https://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0C283AE4-A94E-456D-9FD4-466A97D0BABB A new Radix species from Qinling Mountains, China (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) OLGA V. AKSENOVA1,2,3*, MAXIM V. VINARSKI2, ALEXANDER V. KONDAKOV1,2,3, ALYONA A. TOMILOVA1, VALENTINA S. ARTAMONOVA4, ALEXANDER A. MAKHROV2,4, OLEG D. KONONOV1, MIKHAIL YU. GOFAROV1,2, YUN FANG5 & IVAN N. BOLOTOV1,3 1N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arkhangelsk, Russia 2Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia 3Northern Arctic Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia 4Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 5Institute of Zoology, Chinese’s Academy of Science, Beijing, People’s Republic of China *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received 30 November 2019 │ Accepted by V. Pešić: 28 December 2019 │ Published online 31 December 2019. Abstract A new representative of the genus Radix has been recorded from eastern China, Radix dgebuadzei sp. nov. This peculiar species was recorded from the Qinling Mountains, a remote highland region sharing the high levels of faunal and floral endemism. The phylogeny indicate that the new species belongs to the Radix alticola species group, being sister to the widespread species R. plicatula (Yunnan and Gansu in China and Southeast Asia) and R. euphratica (Middle East, Central Asia, and Eastern Europe). At first glance, we could assume that Radix dgebuadzei sp. nov. represents a local lineage endemic to the Qinling Region, while this preliminary hypothesis needs to be confirmed in the future. Our novel discovery highlights that China harbors a largely endemic fauna of the Lymnaeidae and that isolated mountain ranges in East Asia could be considered evolutionary hotspots of the radicine pond snails. Key words: Freshwater gastropods, Radix dgebuadzei sp. nov., Yangtze River basin, new species. Introduction In general, freshwater lymnaeids in China are rather poorly known. The body of available literature is chiefly based on conchological traits and do not contain information on the soft body anatomy let alone molecular data (Yen 1939; Liu et al. 1979; Quian et al. 2012; Sun et al. 2015). Recently obtained genetic data have revealed the uniqueness of the region and the presence of gaps in the taxonomy of Chinese gastropods (von Oheimb et al. 2011; Aksenova et al. 2018). At the present time, only four species of the genus Radix s. str. confirmed by molecular data are known from China: Radix auricularia (L., 1758), R. plicatula (Benson, 1842), R. brevicauda (Sowerby, 1873), and R. makhrovi Bolotov, Vinarski & Aksenova, 2018 (Aksenova et Ecologica Montenegrina, 26, 2019, 137-146 NEW RADIX SPECIES FROM QINLING MOUNTAINS, CHINA al. 2018; Qin et al. 2019). Additionally, a new species and a new genus of lymnaeids have been described from the Tibetan Plateau as a result of our research (Aksenova et al. 2018). In addition to Tibet, the most interesting from this point of view are the Qingling Mountains forming a drainage divide between the Yellow and Yangtze River basins and running west to east, stretching across the Gansu, Shaanxi, and Henan provinces. It is known that the Yangtze River basin is one of the most species-rich regions for freshwater molluscs globally (Wu et al. 2019). In the present study, we describe one more species of Radix from the Qinling Mountains in China based on molecular and morphological evidences. Materials and methods The study is based on the material from the collection of the Russian Museum of Biodiversity Hotspots (RMBH thereafter), N Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Arkhangelsk, Russia. The lymnaeid snails were collected by V.S. Artamonova, A.A. Makhrov and Y. Fang in eastern China during the Russian-Chinese Scientific Expedition in September 2017 (Makhrov et al. 2019) (Fig. 1). The sampled specimens were preserved in 96% ethanol and deposited in the collection of RMBH and in the collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation (ZIN hereafter). Figure 1. Type locality of Radix dgebuadzei sp. nov.: A) general map revealing the position of the Qinling Mountains in China (red frame); B) geographic position of the type locality (red star); C) and D) the type locality: Sun Jia He River in the vicinity of the Shangtan village, Gansu Province, China (Maps: M.Yu. Gofarov; photos: V.S. Artamonova). 138 AKSENOVA ET AL. Table 1. List of COI sequences of Radix and Tibetoradix species used in this study. COI GenBank Species Specimen voucher No. Locality data Reference acc. no. Radix dgebuadzei MN718571 Mlym686/2 China: Gansu Province, Sun Jia He Present study sp. nov. River R. dgebuadzei sp. MN718572 Mlym686/3 China: Gansu Province, Sun Jia He Present study nov. River R. euphratica MH189866 Mlym39/1 Russia: Krasnodar Krai Aksenova et al. (2018) R. euphratica MH189867 Mlym40 Russia: Krasnodar Krai Aksenova et al. (2018) R. euphratica MN718570 Mlym68 Georgia: Tbilisi reservoir Present study R. euphratica MH189943 Mlym138/1 Tajikistan: Bazovskoe Lake, Natural Aksenova et al. Reserve "Tigrovaya Balka" (2018) R. euphratica MH189944 Mlym138/2 Tajikistan: Bazovskoe Lake, Natural Aksenova et al. Reserve "Tigrovaya Balka" (2018) R. euphratica MH189945 Mlym138/3 Tajikistan: Bazovskoe Lake, Natural Aksenova et al. Reserve "Tigrovaya Balka" (2018) R. euphratica MH189946 Mlym139/1 Tajikistan: Dushanbe City Aksenova et al. (2018) R. euphratica MH189947 Mlym139/2 Tajikistan: Dushanbe City Aksenova et al. (2018) R. euphratica MH189948 Mlym139/3 Tajikistan: Dushanbe City Aksenova et al. (2018) R. euphratica MH189970 Mlym149/1 Tajikistan: Dedovskoe Lake, Natural Aksenova et al. Reserve "Tigrovaya Balka" (2018) R. euphratica MH189971 Mlym149/2 Tajikistan: Dedovskoe Lake, Natural Aksenova et al. Reserve "Tigrovaya Balka" (2018) R. euphratica MH189972 Mlym149/3 Tajikistan: Dedovskoe Lake, Natural Aksenova et al. Reserve "Tigrovaya Balka" (2018) R. euphratica MH189976 Mlym151/1 Tajikistan: drainage ditch, near the Aksenova et al. village of Kurbonschahid (2018) R. euphratica MH189977 Mlym151/2 Tajikistan: drainage ditch, near the Aksenova et al. village of Kurbonschahid (2018) R. euphratica MH189978 Mlym151/3 Tajikistan: drainage ditch, near the Aksenova et al. village of Kurbonschahid (2018) R. euphratica MN718573 Mlym689/2 Uzbekistan: Xorazm Region, Amu Present study Darya River R. euphratica MN718574 Mlym689/3 Uzbekistan: Xorazm Region, Amu Present study Darya River R. euphratica MN718575 Mlym689/4 Uzbekistan: Xorazm Region, Amu Present study Darya River R. euphratica MN718576 Mlym689/5 Uzbekistan: Xorazm Region, Amu Present study Darya River R. euphratica MN718577 Mlym816 Russia: Kabardino-Balkar Republic Present study R. euphratica MN718578 Mlym850/1 Russia: Republic of Dagestan Present study R. euphratica KM206675 INHM MC217 Iraq: Basra, Garmat Ali GenBank R. euphratica KM206676 INHM MC218 Iraq: Basra, Garmat Ali GenBank R. euphratica KM206677 INHM MC219 Iraq: Basra, Khoura GenBank R. euphratica KM206679 INHM MC221 Iraq: Basra, Khoura GenBank R. euphratica KM206680 INHM MC222 Iraq: Missan, Al-Kahlaa GenBank R. euphratica KM206682 INHM MC224 Iraq: Missan, Al-Kahlaa GenBank ..continued on the next page Ecologica Montenegrina, 26, 2019, 137-146 139 NEW RADIX SPECIES FROM QINLING MOUNTAINS, CHINA COI GenBank Species Specimen voucher No. Locality data Reference acc. no. R. euphratica KM206684 INHM MC244 Iraq: Karbala, Ukhaidher GenBank R. euphratica KM206685 INHM MC245 Iraq: Kerbala, Ukhaidher GenBank R. euphratica KM206686 INHM MC202 Iraq: Babil, Al-Wardia GenBank R. euphratica KM206688 INHM MC227 Iraq: Basra, Garmat Ali GenBank R. euphratica KM206689 INHM MC214 Iraq: Wasit, Al-Hussainiya GenBank R. euphratica KM206690 INHM MC215 Iraq: Wasit, Al-Hussainiya GenBank R. euphratica KM206691 INHM MC216 Iraq: Wasit, Al-Hussainiya GenBank R. euphratica KM206693 INHM MC191 Iraq: Muthanna, Al-Rumaitha GenBank R. euphratica KM206694 INHM MC189 Iraq: Al-Qadisyah, Al-Sanniya GenBank R. alticola MH189949 Mlym140/1 Tajikistan: Western Pamir, Aksenova et al. floodplain of the Shahdar River (2018) R. alticola MH189950 Mlym140/2 Tajikistan: Western Pamir, Aksenova et al. floodplain of the Shahdar River (2018) R. alticola MH189951 Mlym140/3 Tajikistan: Western Pamir, Aksenova et al. floodplain of the Shahdar River (2018) R. alticola MH189953 Mlym142 /1 Tajikistan: thermal spring north of Aksenova et al. the village of Jelanda (2018) R. alticola MH189954 Mlym142 /2 Tajikistan: thermal spring north of Aksenova et al. the village of Jelanda (2018) R. alticola MH189964 Mlym147 /1 Tajikistan: cold brook near the Aksenova et al. fortress of Deruzh (2018) R. alticola MH189965 Mlym147/2 Tajikistan: cold brook near the Aksenova et al. fortress of Deruzh (2018) R. alticola MH189966 Mlym147 /3 Tajikistan: cold brook near the Aksenova et al. fortress of Deruzh (2018) R. alticola MH189973 Mlym150 /1 Tajikistan: Western Pamir, thermal Aksenova et al. spring north in the village of Jelanda (2018) R. alticola MH189974 Mlym150 /2 Tajikistan: Western Pamir, thermal Aksenova et al. spring north in the village of Jelanda (2018) R. alticola MH189975 Mlym150 /3 Tajikistan: Western Pamir, thermal Aksenova et al. spring north in the village of Jelanda (2018) R. alticola MN737036 Mlym688 Uzbekistan: Xorazm Region, Amu Present study Darya River
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