6798 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE AUGUST 10 Col. Jerry Vrchlicky Matejka (lieutenant IN THE MARINE CORPS colonel, Signal Corps), Army of the United Brig. Gen. (temporary) Allen H. Turnage, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES States. now serving under a temporary commission . Col. Ray Edison Porter (lieutenant colonel, for a specified duty, to be a brigadier gen­ MoNDAY, AuGusT 10, 1942 Infantry), Army of the United States. eral in the Marine Corps for temporary serv­ Col. Albert Charles Stanford (lieutenant ice for general duty from the 29th day of The House met at 12 noon. colonel, Field Artillery), Army of the United March 1942. Rev. Bernard Braskamp, D. D., pastor States. Brig. Gen. (temporary) Ralph J. Mitchell, of the Gunton Temple Memorial Pres­ Col. Claudius Miller Easley (lieutenant col­ now serving under a temporary commission byterian Church, Washington, D. C., of­ onel, Infantry), Army of the United States. for a specified duty, to be a brigadier general fered the following prayer: . Col. Benjamin Franklin Giles (lieutenant in the Marine Corps for temporary service colonel, Air Corps; temporary colonel, Air for general duty from the 30th day of March 0 Thou who hast dispelled the dark­ Corps), Army of the United States. 1942. ness of the night and illumined the earth Col. Frank Watkins Weed, Medical Corps. Col. Bennet Puryear, Jr., assistant quarter­ Col. Edgar Lewis Clewell (lieutenant colonel, with the radiant glory of a new day, we master, to be an assistant quartermaster in are lifting our hearts and voices in glad­ Signal Corps). Army of the United States. the Marine Corps with the rank of brigadier Col. Archie Arrington Farmer (lieutenant general for temporary service from the 28th ness and gratitude, for through Thy mer­ colonel, Signal Corps) . Army of the United day of March -1942. cies we are spared and through Thy States. power we are sustained. Col. Fred Warde Llewellyn, Judge Advo­ The below-named colonels to be brigadier cate General's Department. generals in the Marine Corps for temporary We pray that we may open widely the Col. Eugene Lowry Eubank (lieutenant service from the 28th day of March 1942: doors of our minds and souls to receive colonel, Air Corps; temporary colonel, Air James L. Underhill the benediction of Thy gracious presence. Corps), Army of the United States. · Keller E. Rockey Grant that in the assurance of Thy con­ Col. Howard Arnold Craig (major, Air Col. Matthew H. Kingman to be a brigadier Corps; temporary colonel, Air Corps), Army general in the Marine Corps on the retired tinuing providence and unfailing iove we of the United States. list for temporary service from the 29th day may find consolation and courage. Col. Clements McMullen (lieutenant colo­ of March 1942. Guide us in all our perplexities and nel, Air Corps; temporary colonel, Air The below-named colonels to be brigadier inspire us to stand valiantly for those Corps), Army of the United States. generals in the Marine Corps for temporary loyalties and values which Thou hast or­ Col. Robert Gale Breene (lieutenant colo­ service from the 29th day of March 1942: dained. Help us in humility of spirit to nel, Air Corps; temporary colonel, Air Corps), Alphonse DeCarre Army of the United States. · ,Samuel L. Howard discipline ourselves to perform our du­ Col. Charles Carl Chauncey (lieutenant The below-named colonels to be brigadier ties faithfully and diligently. colonel, Air Corps; temporary colonel, Air generals in the Marine Corps for temporary Hear us in the name of Him who is the Corps), Army of the United States. service from the 30th day of March 1942: author and finisher of our faith. Amen. Col. Grandison Gardner (liel'tenant colo­ DeWitt Peck nel, Air Corps; temporary colonel, Air Archie F. Howard The. Journal of the proceedings of Corps), Army of the United States. Thursday, August 6, 1942, was read and Col. Lester Thomas Miller (lieutenant approved. colonel, Air Corps; temporary colonel, Air CONFffiMATIONS Corps), Army qf the United States. Executive nominations confirmed by COMMUNICATIONS FROM THE DEPART­ · Col. Auby Casey Strickland (lieutenant MENT OF STATE colonel, Air Corps; temporary colonel, Air the Senate August 10, 1942: Corps), Army of the United States. DIPLOMATIC AND FOREIGN SERVICE The SPEAKER prn tempore laid be­ Col. Edmund Walton Hill (lieutenant colo­ TO BE CONSULS OF THE UNITED STATES OF fore the House the following communi­ nel, Air Corps; temporary colonel, Air Corps), AMERICA cations from the Department of State: Army of the United States. Douglas Flood DEPARTMENT OF STATE, Col. Joseph Leon Philips (lieutenant colo­ Robert F. Woodward nel, Cavalry), Army of the United States. Washington, August 5, 1942 .. · Col. Daniel Noce (lieutenant colonel, Corps UNITED STATES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE The Honorable SAM RAYBURN, of Engineers), Army of the United States. TO BE ASSISTANT SANITARY ENGINEERS FROM DATE Speaker of the House of Representatives. · Col. Frank Augustus Keating (lieutenant OF OATH MY DEAR MR. SPEAKER: I take pleasure in colonel, Infantry), Army of the United transmitting herewith for such disposition John Safford Wiley as you may deem appropriate a copy of a States. Charles Case Spencer dispatch from the legation at San Jose, Costa Col. Lowell Warde Rooks (lieutenant colo­ August Thomas Rossano, Jr. nel, Infantry), Army of the United States. Frank Tetzlaff Rica, enclosing therewith translations of a . Col. Albert Kualii Brickwood Lyman, Corps Kaarlo William Nasi letter of July 21, 1942, addressed to the Min­ of EnginEers. . ister from the President of ·Costa Rica and POSTMASTERS · Col. James Kirk, Ordnance Department. a letter of July 11, 1942, from the secretary Col. James Kerr Crain, Ordnance Depart­ GEORGIA of the Costa Rican Congress, expressing their ment. Marion C. Farrar, Avondale Estates. thanks for the resolutions adopted by the Col. John Elliott Wood (lieutenant colo­ Alvin· W. Etheridge, East Point. House of Representatives on February 2, 1942. nel, Corps of Engineers), Army of the United John Day Watterson, Eatonton. Sincerely yours, States. John E. Phinazee, Forsyth. CORDELL HULL. Col. Herbert Daskum Gibson (lieutenant William E. Wimberly, Rome. colonel, Infantry), Army of the United Mary E. Everett, St. Simon Island. Charles H. Orr, Washington. SAN JOSE, COSTA RICA, States. July 27, 1942. Col. Edmund Bower Sebree (major, Infan­ ILLINOIS The honorable the SECRETARY OF' STATE: try), Army of the United States. Helen T. Fisher, Delavan. Washington. Col. Joseph Nicholas Dalton (lieutenant Joseph Kreeger, Elgin. SIR: Referring to the Department's instruc­ colonel, Adjutant General's Department), Helen H. Wiebers, Emden. tion of April 29, 1942 (file No. 120.l/576A), Army of the United States. Oscar E. Bantz, Fithian. enclosing enrolled copies of resolutions Col. Anthony Clement McAuliffe (major, Thomas L. Roark, Macomb. adopted by the House of Representatives on Field Artillery), Army of the United States. Bert Baird, New Baden. February 2, 194.2, expressing appreciation for Col. Elbridge Gerry Chapman, Jr. (lieu­ John F. McCann, Oglesby the courteous treatment accorded a visiting Grace M. Lennon, Plainfield. tenant colonel, Infanry), Army of the group of Congressmen last year. I have the Helen G. McCarthy, St. Charles. United States. honor to transmit herewith copies and trans­ Col. George Pierce Howell (major, Infan­ Esther C. Schmitt, St. Jacob. Emil A. Rahm, Staunton. lations of the letter dated July 21 from the try), Army of the United States. President of Costa Rica and the letter dated Col. Hugh Joseph Gaffey (lieutenant colo­ George C. Miller, Sullivan. Martha G. Baily, Table Grove. July 11 from the Secretary of the Costa Rican ne~ Field Artillery), Army of the United Congress, expressing their thanks for the Ora C. Maze, Tower Hill. St~es. above-mentioned copies of the resolutions of . IN THE NAVY OKLAHOMA the House of Representatives. It is respect­ Rear Admiral Richard S. Edwa1·ds to be a Martin G. Kizer, Apache. fully requested that copies of these letters vice admiral in the Navy, for temporary Benjamin D. Barnett, Cement. be delivered to the House of Representatives. service, to rank from the 15th day of August Debra E. Grubbs, Jenks. Respectfully yours, 1942. Roy McGhee, Miami. ROBERT SCOTIEN, 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6799 SAN JOSE, July 21, 1942. to five distinguished members of your credit does not make it mandatory that the The Honorable Mr. ROBERT SCOTTEN, committee during the visit they made to this cases all be settled now, it merely makes Minister of the United States, City. Republic. DEAR MR. MINISTER: 1 beg that you will be Your high body was good enough to recall it permissive for the Army and tne NavY good enough to express to the House of Rep­ the cordial relations of friendship which have to take care of these emergency cases, resentatives of the United States of America United our two countries, based on the mutual of which there are a great number, where my most heartfelt gratitude for the courteous respect due to two sovereign nations, and it these dependents are suffering as a result gift of a luxurious copy, beautifully bound, considers those proofs as a warm demonstra­ of this limitation in the law. of the resolutions which the above-mentioned tion of American solidarity. Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, will House took on the 2d of February last, ex­ I greatly appreciate the very sincere expres­ the gentleman yield? pre~sing appreciation for attentions received sions confirming the uninterrupted friend­ in Costa Rica by the delegation headed by ship of more than a century between our Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. I yield Representative RABAUT, of Michigan, who peoples and Governments--a friendship to the gentleman from Pennsylvania. honored us with its visit. strengthened now in the common struggle for Mr. EBERHARTER. I may say to the I likewise beg that you will express to the defense of America and the democracy gentleman from Mississippi that I my­ the House of Representatives of your coun­ and freedom of the world. self, of course, took some part in the try that it has nothing for which to feel I beg you, Mr. Speaker, to be good enough debate on this subject the other day, and grateful, and that we only regret not having to make this message known to your en­ had an the necessary means by which to lightened legislative body. Pm certainly willing to abide by what­ show them in a more eloquent manner our Respectfully yours, ever decision the Committee on Military full appreciation. JORGE UBICO, A:trairs makes in the matter, but one of I take this occasion to reiterate myself. President of the Republic of Guatemala. my reasons for objecting was my con­ Yow: affectionate friend, viction that this bill of · the gentleman R. A. CALDERON GUARDIA. ADJOURNMENT UNTIL THURSDAY NEXT from Mississippi wm not do what he Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask thinks it will do. I believe the gentle­ SAN JOSE, July 11, 1942. unanimous consent that when the House man will admit that this is an important The Honorable Mr. R. M. ScoTTEN, adjourns today it adjourn to meet on measure, and under the understanding Minister of the United States of America, Thursday next. that was had between all the Members City. Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. Reserv­ of the House no important legislation Mr. MINISTER: Under instructions of the ing the right to object, Mr. Speaker, may was supposed to be considered. president of the Constitutional Congress of I say to the gentleman from Missouri Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. No con­ the Republic of Costa Rica, I acknowledge re­ [Mr. CocHRAN] that when we last met ceipt, through you to the House of Represent­ troversial legislation. atives of the Congress of the United States, on Thursday last we had up the ques­ Mr. EBERHARTER. On that basis I of the copy of the resolution adopted the 2d tion of unanimous consent for the con­ entered an objection so that the matter day of February of the current year, which sideration of a bill I have introduced to would be given consideration. I think commemorates the visit to Costa Rica of the permit the payment of the allotments .the gentleman will agree with me, judg­ delegation of the Committee on Appropria­ and allowances to the dependents of the ing by the perseverance with which he tions of the House of Representatives of the men in our armed forces without wait­ United States, headed by the illustrious Rep­ has acted in this case, that he does con­ ing until November 1. I stated to the sider it to be important legislation. resentative RABAUT, of Michigan. gentleman from Missouri then that I With expressions of my high consideration Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. Yes; but and respect, I am, would be willing to poll the Committee on Military Affairs before this measure the gentleman from Pennsylvania is en­ Respectfully yours, tirely wrong. We have passed a great RAUL GURMAN, Secretary. was brought up again. I have done that arid have received re­ deal of important legislation within the last week or two. The understanding DEPARTMENT OF STATE, plies from a majority of the members of that committee stating that that would was that we would not take up any con­ Washington, August 3, 1942. troversial legislation which would force MY DEAR MR. SPEAKER: The Minister of be satisfactory with them. However, I Guatemala with a note of July 21, 1942, en­ received a message this morning from roll calls, and so forth. The measures closed a message addressed by the President the gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. that come up by unanimous consent are of Guatemala to the House of Representatives MAY], the chairman of the Committee not controversial measures as far as the of the United States. I take pleasure in en­ on Military Affairs, informing me that Members of the House are concerned. I closing for such disposition as you may deem he could not reach here by this morning am sure not a Member of the House appropriate a copy of this note and the mes­ and asking that the matter be carried would object to this measure when it is sage from the President of Guatemala with a properly laid before them. translation of the latter. over until next Thursday. Therefore, I With kindest regards, am not going to object to the gentle­ Mr. EBERHARTER. I may say to the Sincerely yours, man's request, and I wish to state that I gentleman that a controversial measure SUMNER WELLES, am willing to c~rry this measure over is any measure on which every Member Acting Secretary. until Thursday, under those circum­ of the House does not agree. The gen­ stances. tleman will also admit that the chairman LEGACION DE GUATEMALA, Mr. HARE. Mr. Speaker, will the gen­ of the Committee on Military Affairs and Washington, D. C. tleman yield? most of the members of that committee, The Minister of Guatemala presents his who had considered this particular legis­ compliments to His Excellency the Secretary Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. I yield of State and requests that he be good enough to the gentleman from South Carolina. lation and had heard testimony on the to see that the enclosed message from the Mr. HARE. Does the gentleman have subject, were not aware that the gentle­ President of Guatemala be forwarded to the any assurance from the chairman of the man was going to bring up any such a Honorable Speaker of the House of Repre­ committee that. he will consent to the measure, t.o amend an important law. sentatives of the United States. The message passage of this bill on Thursday? Therefore, I think it could be considered 1s a message of thanks from the President of as at least important and also contro­ Guatemala for a resolution adopted by said Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. The gen­ versial legislation. high legislative body. tleman from Kentucky informs me that The Minister of Guatemala avaUs hixnself he is in sympathy with the purposes of Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. I may of this opportunity to reiterate to His Ex­ the measure. say to the gentleman from Pennsylvania cellency the Secretary of State the assurances Let me clear up one misunderstanding. that I do not intend to take it up today. of his highest consideration. I notice from the press, especially from Besides, I conferred with the members WASHINGTON, D. C., July 21, 1942. some of the New York papers and some of the Committee on Military Affairs. other metropolitan papers, that it is As I understand, the gentleman from GUATEMALA, July 10, 1942. intimated that the Army and Navy say Pennsylvania is not a member of the Mr. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENT­ that if this measure were passed it would Committee on Military Affairs. ATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, complicate matters, and so forth. My Mr. EBERHARTER. I am not a mem..­ Washington, D. C. understanding is that the Navy can make ber of that committee. Mr. SPEAKER: The House of Representatives Mr. HARE. Mr. Speaker, will the gen­ was so kind as to adopt a resolution, which payment in settlement of these emer­ has been forwarded to me, ln which it thanks gency cases now if we give them permis­ tleman yield? the people of Guatemala and me personally sion to do so, and I think the Army Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. I yield to for the proofs of esteem and cordiality shown can do the same thing. This measure the gentleman from South Carolina. 6800 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE AUGUST 10 Mr. HARE. In view of the fact that The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Sinnott, our very estimable, lovable, and these payments are to be made to de­ objection to the request of the gentleman efficient Doorkeeper. In the meantime I pendent parents in many cases, and as from Missouri? have had an opportunity to observe and many of them are farmers, this comes There was no objection. be associated with him and it is a great at a time when the dependency fund will The Clerk read as follows: pleasure to be able to congratulate him prove to be of unusual value to those Mr. SNYDER of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, on his eighty-second birthday and to people in rural areas, particularly in my during the course of the hearings on the wish him many happy returns. section of the country, where they har­ military appropriation bill, 1943, I suggested Mr. BLAND. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ vest their crops between now and Novem­ to General Somervell the desirability of hav­ imous consent to proceed for 1 minute. ber 1. They are unable to harvest the ing us supplied with a list of the officials The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there crops themselves, and since their sons directly in charge of the various activities objection to the request of the gentleman have been called into the Army, they under his cognizance as commanding gen­ eral, Services of Supply, and those activi­ from Virginia? need these funds to employ someone to ties, as you have experienced, embrace prac­ There was no objection. harvest crops for them. The fact that tically every phase of the Army with which Mr. BLAND. Mr. Speaker, the entire they are dependent is the basis upon we are called upon to transact business. Virginia delegation and the people of which the compensation will be paid. The general, who has a reputation for Virginia appreciate the tributes that If you wait until November these getting things done, has conformed with have been paid to Mr. Sinnott. All of people, without funds, will be unable to my suggestion in the way of an abbrevi­ the Members of the Virginia delegation employ a11yone to harvest their crops, ated telephone directory, in which the sev­ learned long ago to love him and to de­ but if you pay them now, hundreds and eral activities are alphabetically arranged, pend upon him wholeheartedly. He has followed by the names, telephone branch, possibly thousands of farmers will be and room number of the principal officials, been of immeasurable help to all of them. able to employ someone with this money all as of the first of thi: month. I have said to him frequently that a re­ to assist them in harvesting crops al­ I am sure this directory will prove to be view of his services here, portraying the ready grown. very handy and will save much time here men he has met, the changes he has seen, Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. May I and at the Department in establishing con­ the legislative history he has helped to say to the gentleman from South Caro­ tacts wth the right people promptly. make, the progress in parliamentary pro­ lina that I have received pathetic letters I have had a copy of the directory placed cedure which he has observed, and the from wives of soldiers, sailors, and ma­ in each Member's mail box in the House personal incidents of his career, would rines, who are in financial distress be­ post office contribute materially to a better knowl­ cause of the limitation placed in this law, JOSEPH J. SINNOTT edge of the history of the period of his which prohibits the War Department and Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. Speaker, I think service. All the time Joe Sinnott has the Navy Department from making these it is fitting we should pause for a mo­ been here, he has rendered distinguished, payments. ment today to pay tribute to the oldest eminent, and faithful service. He has Mr. GEARHART. Mr. Speaker, will employee in point of years in the House. been untiring in his attention to Mem­ the gentleman yield? Yesterday, the Honorable Joseph Sin­ bers, new and old, regardless of party Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. I yield to nott, our doorkeeper, was 82 years of affiliation. He has been courteous at all the gentleman from California. age. Fifty-five years of that time he times and sometimes under the most try­ Mr. GEARHART. I appreciate the has been an employee of this House. ing circumstances. He has been diligent concern the gentleman from Mississippi I am sure it is needless for me to say to his duties, coming to the House often feels, and I assure him that when the anything about the great service he has when his friends felt he should have re­ proper time arrives I want to vote for rendered and I know all Members join mained at home. He has never failed this bill, but his making the request at with me in congratulating him and in his duties. He has been an example this time is a little embarrassing to me wishing him many more happy returns and an inspiration to all of us. Virginia because I have instructions from the of the day. loves him. When I am no longer a Mem­ le>adership on this side not to consent to [A;>J,>lause.J ber of this House, but shall have gone as anything which amounts to business of Mr. EATON. Mr. Speaker, it gives me sooner or later each of us must go, I shall importance. s.incere pleasure to join with the distin­ be flattered if it can be said of me that Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. May I I served always as faithfully, and per­ guished gentleman from Missouri in ex­ formed my duties always as well as Joe say to the gentleman from California tending congratulations and good wishes that I am not making the request now Sinnott served and performed his duties to our dear friend, Mr. Sinnott. It is a here. · for the consideration of the bill. I have remarkable record for a man to spend 55 just stated that the chairman of the years out of his 82 in one position as a TO PRINT ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THE Committee on Military Affairs, the gen­ servant of this House, and I want, as a REPORT ON THE REVENUE ACT OF 1942 tleman from Kentucky [Mr. MAY], is friend of Mr. Sinnott for 18 years, per­ Mr. JARMAN. Mr. Speaker, from the on his way to Washington and has asked sonally to express to him my apprecia­ Committee on Printing, I report (Rept. that we hold up this measure until tion of his many courtesies and my ad­ No. 2392) back favorably, without Thursday, until he can get here. miration for the qualities of his char­ amendment, a privileged concurrent res­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there acter which have made it possible for him olution (H. Con. Res. 80) authorizing the objection to the request of the gentle­ to maintain his position with such suc­ printing of additional copies of House man from Missouri? cess and honor to himself and satisfac­ Report No. 2333, current session, accom­ There was no objection. tion to the House. I would like to say panying the bill (H. R. 7378) "To provide •EXTENSION OF REMARKS that I wish for him long years of health revenue and for other purposes," and I and happiness. I hope he will be able to ask for immediate consideration of the Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask make his employment here at least 60 resolution. unanimous consent that the gentleman years. He illustrates one passage of The Clerk read the resolution, as fol­ from Massachusetts [Mr. McCORMACK] Scripture which is very appropriate-he lows: be permitted to extend his own remarks would rather be "a doorkeeper in the Resolved by the House of Representatives in the RECORD and include therein a House of the Lord than dwell in the tents (the Senate concurring), That there shall be letter from a soldier. of wickedness." printed 7,500 additional copies of House Re­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is port No. 2333, current session, on H. R. 7378, there objection to the request of the gen­ Mr. HARE. Mr. Speaker, strange as it ent1tled "To provide revenue, and for other may seem, I probably-have been associ­ purposes," of which 5,000 copies shall 1: for tleman from Missouri? ated with the Doorkeeper, Mr. Sinnott, There was no objection. the use of the House document room, 200 longer than any other Member of the copies for the use of the Senate document DIRECTORY OF OFFICIALS, SERVICES OF Congress. He was the first man I met room, 2,000 copies for the use of the Commit­ SUPPLY when I came to Congress in 1904, 38 years tee on Ways and Means of the House of Rep­ Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask ago. Of course, I did not come as a resentatives; and 300 copies for the use of the unanimous consent that a statement Member at that time but as a secretary Committee on Finance of the Senate. prepared by the gentl~man from Penn­ to the Congressman from my district. The resolution was agreed to. sylvania rMr. SNYDER], which I send to The first man it was my privilege to meet A motion to reconsider was laid on the the Clerk's desk, be read by the Clerk. in the Capitol was the Honorable Joseph table. 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6801 THE VOTE OF MATI'HEW LYON, OF VER­ he may extend his own remarks in the to these needy dependents of our service­ MONT, ELECTED THOMAS JEFFERSON RECORD. men for 4 months? The amendment pro­ PRESIDENT IN 1801 The SPEAKER pro tempore. ·Is there posed by the gentleman fTom Mississippi Mr. JARMAN. Mr. Speaker, from the 'Objection to the request of the gentleman is not mandatory. but only permissive. Committee on Printing, I report jeeps. They '6802 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE AUGUST 10 cannot carry medium tanks, or many of the insisted upon that date and alleged that the gentleman from Oregon, Governor heavy items included in the 1,000 tons of they needed that period of time to make PIERCE, he is a mere infant. I have just supplies it is figured that an infantry division uses in a day of attack. the necessary preparations and arrange­ passed my seventy-second birthday the The Mars is an illustration of the giant ments for payment. However, that pro­ lOth of last July, so he has a long way yet ship. It can carry heavier items longer tracted delay is inexcusable, in my opin­ to go before reaching the age of dis­ distances. Air authorities have estimated ion, is not the fault of Congress, and we cretion. that 40,000 of these could take the place of should correct this situation next Thurs­ Let me say, regarding the gentleman every surface craft now in the United Na­ day, as proposed by the gentleman from from Missouri, that in my estimation he tions shipping pool. Mississippi [Mr. RANKIN]. is and has been since his induction into The 200-ton plane mus.t be classed as [Here the gavel fell.] colossal. Authorities on materials have said the service of the United States Govern­ that 180 of these ships could move 450,000 HON. JOHN J. COCHRAN ment one of the most valuable Members of the Congress. I think he is one of the tons of cargo a year, and that the planes Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, I could be built with 18,000 tons of raw ma­ best and most capable legislators that I terials, against 238,000 tons of raw materials ask unanimous consent to address the have known in my long period of service to build surface ships able to carry the same House for 1 minute. here. He carries with him always that load. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Missouri tradition and characteristic­ We do not accept these figures as proved. objection? "show me." He has evidenced that time Only experience can show their accuracy. There was no objection. and time again as the years have gone on But we do feel that big cargo planes have Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, in­ in his advocacy of sound legislation. a definite place in today's war. The Axis is asmuch as the House will not meet again believed to be concentrating about 20 percent I congratulate him on his birthday to­ of its plane production on the large va­ until next Thursday I think it is appro­ morrow, and hope he will live to have riety of cargo planes. priate at this time to call attention to many happy returns of the day. The giant and colossal planes are needed to the fact that tomorrow is the anniver­ Mr. BLAND. May we not include that give the United Nations the edge they re­ sary of the birth of one of the most dis­ he is one of the best fishermen we have quire in a war which hinges so largely on tinguished Members of this House. in the House? transportation. When the majority leader, the gentle­ Mr. CROWTHER. I am not a judge Mr. Speaker, the operations of the man from Massachusetts [Mr. McCoR­ of fishermen. Kaiser shipbuilding plants and other war MACK] felt compelled to take a much­ Mr. BLAND. Well, he is. industries in my district has brought needed and well-earned rest it became [Here the gavel fell.] necessary for some Member to take over 100,000 workers into the area, which has PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE created a housing shortage. We have his duties temporarily. He chose the been urging upon the housing authori­ very estimable gentleman from Missouri Mr. PATRICK. Mr. Speaker, I ask ties and the Maritime Commission the [Mr. CocHRAN] to carry on those bur­ unanimous consent that I may address urgent necessity of providing at once dens, as Mr. CocHRAN had already amply the House for 10 minutes on next Mon­ temporary housing for these workers demonstrated his abilities in acting as day after the work of the day is con­ who cannot be housed with existing assistant to the majority leader. cluded. housing. I am glad to report that Vice Tomorrow is the anniversary of the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Chairman Vickery, of the Maritime Com­ birth of the gentleman from Missouri objectbn? mission, has advised us that 6,000 addi­ [Mr. CocHRAN]. I do not think he would Theie was no objection. tional apartments in Portland will be want me to say exactly how old he is, EXTENSION OF REMARKS provided by the Commission. The Com­ but I can say he is much older than he looks and much older than he acts. He Mr. COFFEE of Washington. Mr. mission will start the construction of Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex­ 2,000 apartments August 15, 2,000 Sep­ has had many, many years of service in the House. During all of that time he tend my remarl~s and include a letter tember 15, and 2,000 October 15. We are and a statement from the Seattle Cham. assured that before these are completed, has been conscientious. He has a valu­ able knowledge of legislative procedure. ber of Commerce. if it be ascertained additional units are The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there required, they will be provided to meet He has earned the reputation of being objection? the demand. I trust there will be noth­ the watchdog of the Treasury. With all of his manifest duties he has never lost There was n0 objection. ing arise to prevent the carrying out of Mr. COFFEE of Washington. Mr. these plans now definitely agreed upon. his sense of humor, and he has endeared himself to every Member of the House. Speaker, on another topic I ask unani­ SERVICEMEN'S ALLOWANCES He has been particularly helpful to the mous consent to extend my remarks and Mr. SMITH of Washinflton. Mr. younger Members. include excerpts from an article on a Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to pro­ On this occasion I want to congratu­ prominent pro-German in the United ceed for 1 minute. late him upon reaching the age he has States, Dr. Ferdinand Curtiss, taken from the weekly magazine The Hour. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there reached with so much vigor and having objection? so much before him in the years to come, The SPEAKER pro tempore. With~ut which I hope will be very, very many. objection, it is· so ordered. There was no objection. There was no objection. Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. Will the Speaker, I strongly favor immediate pas­ gentleman yield? END THE PRACTICE OF HONORING AND sage of the bill introduced by the gentle­ Mr. EBERHARTER. I yield. REWARDING IDLENESS BY ARMY AND man from Mississippi [Mr. RANKIN] to Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. The gen­ NAVY COMMISSIONS permit the allowances to dependents of tleman from Missouri is not as- old as Mr. COFFEE of Washington. Mr. men in the service to be paid as soon as the gentleman f;rom Pennsylvania, is he? Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to pro­ possible instead of waiting to November 1. Mr. EBERHARTER. I do not care to cl.ed for 1 minute. I believe that every effort should be made discuss that particular angle. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there to pay the allowances long before that [Here the gavel fell.] objection? date. To require a delay of 5 months Mr. CROWTHER. Mr. Speaker, I ask There was no objection. will work hardships in many cases and I unanimous consent to proceed for 1 min­ Mr. COFFEE of Washington. Mr. am opposed to it. It seems unjustifiable ute. Speaker, the most egregious example of to me. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is t;here blundering on the part of the "brass Furthermore, the charge has been objection? hats" is that of giving a commission to made by newspapers all t>Ver the country There was no objection. Horace Dodge, Jr., of Detroit. He is one that the date was purposely fixed by Con­ Mr. CROWTHER. I would like to say of a long list of playboy scions of wealthy gress at November 1 so that the depend­ a word in connection with this birthday families of America who toils not, nor ents would receive their checks a few celebration of the gentleman from Mis­ does.he spin, and who is constantly bored days before the election on November 3, souri [Mr. CocHRAN]. I have known him through lack of some new thrill, the ex­ and was done to influence the result of for a long period of time. Of course, periencing of which he is persistently the election. vVe all know that is not as compared with the gentleman from seeking. The large cities of the United true. It was the Army and Navy who New Jersey [Mr. EATON] and myself, and States are full of these parasites who are 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6803 busy spending inherited money tossed over the Dodge plant. One-half of the mitted to address the House for 5 min­ to them by opulent and overindulgent $146,000,000 went to the estate of Horace utes. parents. Dodge; the other half to the estate of The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Since Pearl Harbor the Army and Navy John Dodge. objection to the request of the gentleman "brass hats," seeming to desire to curry Horace Dodge, Sr., had only two chil- from New York? favor with the wealthy families of our dren, Horace Jr. and Delphine. Delphine There was no objection. country, have handed out, promiscuously, married James H. R. Cromwell. They 1\ir. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, I commissions to these pleasure-seeking were later divorced and Jimmy then ask unanimous consent that today, at the offspring of wealth. The last ones to married Doris Duke, sometimes called conclusion of the special orders hereto­ whom we should accord authority and the richest girl in the world because of fore entered, I may be permitted to ad­ honor are representatives of this class. her inheritance of the Duke tobacco em- dress the House for 10 minutes. How can they inspire soldiers or sailors pire. Horace Dodge, Jr., has had several The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there to follow them? A dissolute and dissi­ wives, from each of whom he has been objection to the request of the gentleman pated life, marked by guzzling cocktails divorced seriatim. from Pennsylvania? and doing the conga at 2 a. m. in the When Detroit's finest hotel, the Book- There was no objection. Stork Club or El Morocco, is not exactly Cadillac, was built, "Major" Horace Mr. DIMOND. Mr. Speaker, I ask the training ground to make tough offi­ Dodge's mother, now Mrs. Hugh Dill- unanimous consent that today following cers to fight the most efficient military man, held the first evening ball in it, in the special orders heretofore entered I machine in the history of th~ world. honor of "Major" Horace's sister, Del- may be permitted to address the House I cite the example of Horace Dodge, phine. The decorations for that eve- fo ~ 20 minutes. Jr., not because he is an isolated case, ning's affair cost $20,000, and the total The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there but because he is typical of this repre­ outlay was upwards of $32,000 for the objection to the request of the Delegate hensible practice. Here are young men dance. from Alaska? whose lives are placed in the hands of "Major" Horace Dodge's mother gave There was no objection. a playboy. The outcome of a campaign him a yacht, named Delphine, which The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a and a war might be dependent upon such was built by the Great Lakes Engineer- previous order of the House, the gentle­ officers. What kind of morale can we ing Co. in Detroit at a cost of $1,- man from Arkansas [Mr. GATHINGS] is build by giving honor to those among us 500,000 and which cost $5,000 a day to recognized for 15 minutes. who are most undeserving? operate. When built it was supposed to JAPANESE IN THE ALEUTIAN ISLANDS Attempts have been made to befuddle be the finest afloat. and delude the public by starting such This is the Horace Dodge to whom the Mr. GATHINGS. Mr. Speaker, I shall gentry in the Army or Navy as privates Army now hands out a commission as a not take the full time allotted to me inas­ or unrated sailors and then promoting major. How uninspiring. How silly. much as tne Lelegate from Alaska [Mr. them without fanfare every 3 or 4 weeks. How stupid. DIMoND J will proceed for 20 minutes later Eventually they emerge as a commis­ Those responsible for such an asinine today on ~he same subject. sioned officer and then are tooted as hav­ bandying about of Army commissions Mr. Speaker, it was pleasing to read in ing come up the "hard way." should be disciplined or discharged. Sunday's paper the Navy's communique Experience is the only builder. None EXTENSION OF REMARKS which said, "United States naval forces bomharded enemy ships and shore estab- of us would want to be operated on by Mr. BRYSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask lishments at Kiska," and further it read: a medical student who used to be a butcher. It unanimous consent to extend my own on August a, east longitude date, a task is folly to put. military com­ remarks in the RECORD and include force of the Pacific Fleet bombarded enemy mand, in this perilous hour, into the therein a letter addressed to the Presi- ships and installations in Kiska Harbor hands of fly-by-nights. dent by Mr. Truman Ward. (Aleutian Islands). Now we come to the case of Horace E. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Dodge, concerning whom the Detroit objection to the request of the gentle- We cannot permit the yellow man to Free Press editorially said on July 30: man from south carolina? remain longer in this hemisphere. He WHY A MAJOR? There was no objection. started his penetration by landing a small Mr. DICKSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask force on the island of Attu in early June. Horace E. Dodge since the day his father He next nested on the island of Agattu, died has done nothing in life but spend unanimous consent to extend my own and later penetrated the prize package money and change wives. This wastrel play­ remarks in the RECORD and include boy has no more training or experience in therein a radio speech I made on the of all, the island of Kiska, with its fine the commanding of men than has a 14-year­ harbor suitable to accommodate even old Fiji Islander. challenge for service in the Navy. more ships than Pearl Harbor. Yet he has been commissioned a major in The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there I am sure the Navy and War Depart- the United States Army. objection to the request of the gentleman ments appreciate the gravity of this sit- Perhaps someone in authority can tell us from New York? uation, and they should be commended why. There was no objection. for the consistent peppering given the Horace E. Dodge is the son of one of Mr. DICKSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask Japs who are based there. But the people the original two Dodge brothers who unanimous consent to extend my own of this country cannot understand why made the Dodge automobile, both of remarks in the RECORD and include the job of driving them from our terri­ whom died in 1920. Horace is 42 years therein messages by the American Chris- tory hasn't been finished long before this old. His mother has the income of his tian clergy on the persecution of the time. father's $75,000,000 estate during her life, Jews in Europe. I trust that the United States Navy and and at her death Horace Jr., now Major The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there the United States Air Forces will send Horace Dodge, son of the original Horace objection to the request of the gentleman bon:bers in such magnitude as to com- Dodge, will inherit one-half of the $75,- from New York? · pletely annihilate the Japs in the Aleu· 000,000 plus accumulations unspent. There was no objection. tians. Most of his father's fortune is invested Mr. BLAND. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a in tax-exempt bonds-all but a small imous consent to extend my own remarks previous order of the House, the gentle­ percentage of it. in the RECORD and include therein some man from Pennsylvania [Mr. HoLLAND] In 1925 the great Dodge automobile remarks on the war-work plan. • is recognized for 20 minutes. • factory was sold to Dillon Read & Co., The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there A STUCK PIG SQUEALS then at the inception of a skyrocketing objection to the request of the gentleman career as Wall Street brokers. Dillon from Virginia? Mr. HOLLAND. Mr. Speaker, I ask Read paid to the Dodges the sum of $146,- There was no objection. unanimous consent to proceed for an ad­ 000,000 cash for the transfer of this en­ ditional 15 minutes. terprise. Thereupon, Walter Chrysler, PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there who had been playing around with the Mr. DICKSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask objection to the request of the gentleman old Maxwell car, came into the picture unanimous consent that at the conclusion from Pennsylvania? and formed his own cot·poration to take of the special orders today I may be per- There was no objection. .6804 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE AUGUST 10 . Mr. HOLLAND. Mr. Speaker, this is that travels in packs, or at least in family Klan who tell you that a man's behavior a time of crisis in our war of survival. parties. is governed by his ancestral blood. It is a time when every American, every The best reply, off-hand, that Joseph Joseph Medill Patterson ~ s in fit com­ real American, must wish-as I do-that Medill Patterson could think of was pany-the company he seeks, and the he could be with our troops in the field, "You're a liar." Not so flashy for a C')mpany where he belongs. offering the strength of his body and supposedly able newspaperman. "This country has treated us well­ the courage of his heart as a bulwark The best reply little sister Cissie could superlatively well. What could we gain against our enemies and as a weapon for think of was "That goes for me, too. by having it fall?" asks Joseph Medill Pat­ their destruction. You are a liar." Imitative, and rather terson. It was not until the Army rejected my unladylike for a former ornament of the France treated Pierre Laval well­ application for combat duty that I con­ European nobility. superlatively well. He had held the sented to running for Congress. And to Then Joseph Medill Patterson called highest office in the state-that of myself-and to my constituents-! then up his distinguished ancestors from their premier. He had accumulated great made a vow which I mean to keep. sleeping places to testify as character wealth. He had married his daughter I made a pledge that I would use this witnesses for him. I will venture to say into the highest social circles. office to the best of my ability as an in­ he found them turning in their graves. Yet this man betrayed France, be­ strument of victory. That family was accustomed to smash cause he lusted f.or power, absolute pow­ If I were refused permission to fight copperheads-not breed them. er, and because he hated democracy and our enemies abroad-then with all the Said Joseph Medill Patterson: the French Republic. So he and others strength that is in me, and with the help One of our grandfathers was born of like him pushed France over the preci­ of God, I would deal with our enemies Scotch-Irish parents in New Brunswick, pice and in collaboration with the Nazis at home. Canada, whence he was removed as an in­ they are despoiling the fair land of In a campaign speech delivered last fant to the United States. The families France, and selling her people into of the oth.er three grandparents had been slavery. May 13 over a Pittsburgh radio station, in the United States for several generations. I said: In truth, Mr. Speaker, it is by their Members served in the Revolutionary, Civil, words and their deeds that men shall be To wage an an-out war, we must deal and World Wars. There is no German, firmly with the defeatists, the sowers of dis­ Italian, or Japanese blood in us. We are of judged, on earth as before the throne of sension, the spreaders of hate, who are work­ Irish extraction (both north and south), God. Their protestations mean nothing. ing with the Axis war lords to interrupt and with a trace of Holland Dutch. And Joseph Medill Patte~son and his hamper our country's war effort. The fifth little sister Cissie stand accused, and columnists may expect no mercy nor toler­ I come of the same strain myself­ stand convicted, out of their own mouths. ance from me. I want them ferreted out Irish extraction, both north and south. It is natural for a stuck pig to squeal, .from their slimy hiding places. I want them But, I should be ·ashamed to use my Mr. Speaker. I expected loud and terri­ exposed-those in high places, in the so­ racial antecedents, and them alone, as called Cliveden sets, as well as the half­ fying howls when I spoke last Monday, a proof of my loyalty to this country. and I expect even more blood -curdling cracked tools of Goebbels' propaganda ma­ Vidkun Quisling, whose name will chine. screams of hate and passion to follow. forever live in infamy, is a pure-blooded I am not a bit scared. I have always So, no higher up told me what to do, Norwegian, and a traitor to his country. liked a fight, and this fight is for my Mr. Speaker. My conscience told me Pierre Laval is a pure-blooded country. what to do. Frenchman from the heart of the This is a fight for the boys in service­ · I came to Congress, the most junior Auvergne, and a traitor. a fight we owe them, to malte sure that Member of this distinguished body. The De Grelle is a Belgian; Mussert is a they are not betrayed at home while they people of my district had told me what Dutchman; Pavelitch is a Croatian; and die on battlefields across the seas. to do. all have betrayed their countries. This is a fight for the parents of Amer­ I had never seen the Washington Sir Oswald Mosely is an Englishman, ica who have given their boys to our Times-Herald until I came to Congress. born to the purple, and he i: in an in­ country-a fight to make sure that their · I had seen the New York Daily News . ternment camp for enemies of Britain. boys do not fight in a cause lost because from time to time. It is sold in Pitts­ Even Benito Mussolini, Hitler's body of the rich and powerful enemies of de­ burgh, because it has so many comic servant, is an Italian, born in the Ro­ mocracy at home. strips. In Washington I began to read magna. Yet he delivered his country It is the kind of fight I like. the Times-Herald. I read it first incred­ to Hitler. I said I would prove in this House ulously-then I got mad-then I began No, Mr. Speaker; it is not by blood that the Patterson papers follow the lines to investigate. that we can prove our Americanism. It of Hitler's propaganda. I am going to do I realized that here-in the persons of is by word and deed. · just that. the Patt~rson family-were the "de­ I would rather put my trust in the I have just read every editorial pub­ featists, the sowers. of dissension, the patriotism of the • boys of my district lished in tbe New York Daily News since spreaders of hate." Each day the edi­ who are in the services-sons, as they the outbreak of war. It will take me torial columns of their papers carried are, of Slavic steelworkers, Polish mill some time to wipe the slime off. Let us further evidence that Joseph Medill Pat­ men, Hungarian craftsmen, Jewish mer­ see, today, how extracts from those edi­ terson and his little sister Cissie were chants, Irish railroaders, and the rest­ torials tie in with the propaganda war the arch-type of fifth columnists in high than I would in the finely distilled Amer­ waged by Hitler and Goebbels. places-more dangerous by far than the icanism of Joseph Medill Patterson. I have no time today to deal with the "half -cracked tools of Goebbels' propa­ Their love for this country is real and use of the Letters to the Editor columns ganda machine," such as the Pelleys, the vibrant-a living thing. Patterson's as a vehicle for Nazi viewpoints. I have Dillings, and the Nobles. love for this country has been consumed not the ti]lle to deal in detail with the I took the floor of this House last Mon­ in his hatred for its President. coloration of news stories, with the char­ day to say just that. And, I would rather trust the men of acter of a man n~med John O'Donnell, I knew what I was getting into: I this country who come of German or chief of the New York Daily News' Wash­ am a junior Member of Congress, but I Italian stock, whose parents came here ington Bureau, with the innuendo and have been in politics for a long time. set!king freedom, who have been bred character assassination of the gossip col­ I know the power of money. I know and brought up as Americans, than I umns of the papers. Those things will what it means for a man in public life to would Joseph Medill Patterson. come later. Or, perhaps, the Department incur the feverish hostility of a combina­ While Patterson sabotages the war of Justice will relieve me of the responsi­ tion of newspapers whose circulation effort at home, generals named Eisen­ bility. 1·uns into the millions. hower and Spaatz prepare to carry the The editorials in a newspaper are the There is an old saying on the south war to Hitler-and patriots like Fiorello direct responsibility of its publisher and side of Pittsburgh, where I come from, LaGuardia give him lessons in what it editors. They are considered statements. about the umvisdom of entering a poison means to be an American. They are not rushed by dead lines, and gas engagement with a skunk. That is No, Mr. Speaker, it is Adolf Hitler and their writers have plenty of time to check triply true when the skunks are a species Joseph Medill Patterson and the Ku Klux facts. 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6805 What does Hitlei want the American He agitates for the annexation of Can­ On the precedent of history, we assume that people to believe? ada to the United States: this war will end some day-perhaps even in our lifetime, who knows? Through his propaganda, we know he We think Messrs. Church111 and Roosevelt wants us "to believe, for one thing, that and Prime Minister Mackenzie King, who is And: our Allies are weak, cowardly, undepend­ going to sit in on some of the White House So at this time it looks as if this war will able, and unworthy of our support. Of conferences, might well consider the possi­ not be finished in all theaters for 5, 8, maybe course, he wants them to believe the same bility of a merger of Canada and the United 10 years. At the end of it all we ought to things about us. States. have a fine Army and Navy and Air Force, How does Patterson serve his game? That is ideal grist for the Nazi propa­ even if we have nothing else. I am not going to furnish dates as I ganda mill in Berlin. And Patterson also And: go along, because that will slow up this says: speech and consume time-but all of There may be finally some kind of federa­ these statements, which I will quote, have If the British do not strike now for the tion of the world, parliament of man, league heart of Hitler's power, there is danger they of nations, or whatever it may be called. been made since the first of December will lose the British Empire beyond our ability But we think this will come to pass, not 1941-the week preceding Pearl Harbor to help them retrieve it. after the present war, but after several more and the time elapsed since. big wars. Of the brave and indomitable Dutch, To further instill good feeling between Further: Patterson says: comrades in arms, Patterson puts the guilt for this war on Britain-the nation The most probable result is what is tech­ If we fight in the Pacific, shall we be nically called national bankruptcy. fighting to keep the Dutch East Indies for­ which went so far in trying to appease ever the property of the exiled government Hitler in a vain effort to keep the peace Further still: of Holland? That government was bowled that it almost broke the heart of the free The present war is going to end sometime, over on its home grounds in 5 days by the world. Says Patterson: as did World war No. 1; but the odds are safe German steamroller attack of May 1940; it at 999 to 1 that world War No. 2 is only going now lives in London. Are we obligated to The British didn't go into World War No. 1 with the assumption that we would help to sow the seeds of another war of like size fight to keep that shadowy regime forever when the crop of youth is ripe once more. possessed of a set of islands on the other them win. But it seems apparent to us that side of the world? · they started World War No. 2 for the protec­ And this climax: tion of Danzig and the Polish cbrridor on Thus, he pays his respects to one of that assumption. From Mr. Hull's speech, it appears that we the finest, bravest, most truly democratic are to fight gladly and for quite a long while, people whom the world has ever known. There he accuses the British of starting barring some huge stroke of luck, to force our this war. ideas of democracy on the rest of the world, Of the people of the Philippines, who while losing much of our democracy at home fought so bravely side by side with the The Chinese have been fighting our in the meantime. men of Bataan: enemy, Japan, for 5 years, fighting with That is what is going on, all right. It is We shall be hearing a great deal both bare hands, dying by the millions, but more annoying than serious when an eastern from Philippine politicians and American fighting on-unconquered and uncon­ motorist can't buy 6 gallons of gasoline for emotionalists about our sacred obligation to querable. his car in 1 week. It is something else again defend the Philippines after this foul attack Patterson pays this Asiatic people, our when the Government can tap any man be­ upon them without waming by the Jap­ ally, this gratuitous insult: tween 20 and 44 on the shoulder and say, anese. That is just too bad, we think. "Son, you've got to go and fight for the free­ The line between the yellow and white dom of New Caledonia, in New Caledonia." That is Joseph Medill Patterson speak­ races in the Pacific will have to be definitely ing of the Filipinos. drawn some day. Mr. Speaker, we have troops in New Of the Russians, who have fought so The good-neighbor policy of the Presi­ Caledonia, troops sent there to keep that stubbornly and well: island, a vital point on the supply line to dent and Secretary Hull is a favorite tar­ Australia and a great repository of nickel, Of course, if the Russian victories carry get of Nazi propaganda. The Nazis al­ through to the ultimate smashing of the ways picture this country as an imperial­ an essential war material, from falling German military power, we face the pros­ istic nation bent on exploiting the lands into the hands of the Japanese. That pect that Russia will insist on communizing to the south, and their fiow of propa­ statement of the New York Daily News, Europe. Czar Alexander I insisted on ganda poison to Latin America is una­ made in its issue of July 25, is to my mind autocratizing Europe after his armies gave an incitement of troops which may be Napoleon the shove that finally led to Water­ bated. Joseph Medill Patterson helps sent to reinforce that garrison-an in­ loo. So it may be that when and if the first them, as follows: citement to mutiny. It is as seditious enemy on our list, Germany, is put down, we It is a big scheme. as anything ever uttered by that foul­ may find that Communist Russia is the next What it will amount to, if adopted, will enemy we've got to fight. be that the United States will assume a kind mouthed traitor and seditionmonger, of protectorate over all Latin America, mean­ William Dudley Pelley, who will soon be And this at a later date: ing over every now independent country sentenced for a long term of imprison­ Stalin made a nonaggression pact with south of the Rio Grande. • • • We think ment. Hitler once before and Stalin always acts for the plan is a blueprint for making the Adolf Hitler profits by every drop in his own interests first. We cannot pump Western Hemisphere over into a giant Switz­ the morale of the American civilian pop­ enough stars into our eyes to believe that "Pal erland-a nation of many languages, numer­ ulation or in our armed forces. Joseph Joey" is incapable of making a separate peace ous sectional frictions and misunderstand­ 1f he feels that is his only way out, or even ings-with Uncle Sam holding the entire bag. Medill Patterson serves Adolf Hitler of changing sides. faithfully and well when he urges his That is how Patterson aids the good­ 2,000,000 readers to get drunk and stay And further: neighbor policy-for Hitler. drunk for the duration of the war. This · There is always the danger that peace be­ It does not matter what nation it is or in his astonishing statement: tween Stalin and Hitler might break out at where in the globe it fights for freedom. In short, to fight to preserve the American any time. If it i.s on our side, the New York Daily way of life, we are checking large pieces of That is how Patterson regards the na­ News and the Washington edition, gotten that way with Mr. Mars for the duration of tion which up until now has made by far out by little sister Cissie, can find noth­ the war. Our hopes of restoring the world after the war to anywhere near its pre-war the greatest contribution to the war ing good to say about it. In this respect · condition are small. We'll be lucky if we against Hitler. they follow the Hitler propaganda line. can recognize the old place at all. So if The commonest Nazi argument ad­ The next phase of the Hitler propa­ you've always been going to write a book or a dressed to the British people is the tale ganda, addressed to our country, is based play some day, you'd better write it now. that the United States is fighting to in­ on defeatism: the argument that the war If you've been going to swear off liquor or herit the British Empire and dominions. is unnecessary-that it cannot be won­ tobacco, better do it now, or, contrariwise, Of course, over here they use the opposite that even if it is won, democracy will be swear on. (OUr advice woUld be to do the face of the story. They say that America lost and life will not be worth living. latter; it's a short life at best, so why not is fighting to preserve the British Empire. In following this part of the Hitler line, make as merry a one as may be?) Patterson serves both facets of this Patterson excels. Here are some choice Throughout the country, millions of trick. bits of Patterson defeatism: patriotic men and women are workinl 6806 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE AUGUST 10 hard in civilian defense activities. Pat· Patterson shares that hatred and he too their press associatjon memberships, terson calls them ''peanut Hitlers, show­ seeks to destroy the Pres~dent. He these three papers are in spirit and in­ o:ffs, slackers, and agitators., blames Roosevelt for the war. _ I quote: conduct members of the "vermin press." Hitler could not do better. Perhaps if our leaders had tried to keep Separate their editorials from the trap­ The conservation of scarce materials this country's skirts clear of the fight, and pings of a large city newspaper, publish is an essential of war. The Axis radio had made frequent and sincere offers to them as a separate book, and read them stations continually commiserate with negotiate, we could have stayed out. as a continuous theme. You will see the American people, because rationing That is just what Hitler says over and their net effect is to preach defeatism is affecting our luxurious way of life. over again. among our civilians and mutiny among They are awfully sorry for us, and it is all On the day of Pearl Harbor he honored our soldiers, to spread dismay among our the fault of the Washington bureau­ the President of the United States_with allies, and to create joy in the hearts crats, headed by -~hat terrible man the same kind of diatribe he gave me of our enemies. Roosevelt. · the other day. Patterson called me a Since I addressed this House last Mon­ Patterson is their cheer leader. · They liar. Of the President, he said: "How day the Department of Justice has an­ pick up their tips from him. His motto can we believe him?, nounced that it is investigating the pub­ is, "This business of enforced and need­ While Jap planes were bombing Pearl lication of confidential naval informa-· less deprivation, just to make us sor­ Harbor the presses of the New York tion by the Chicago Tribune, the wash· rowful, is silly." Daily News and the Washington Times­ · ington Times-Herald, and the New York To him, a possible shortage in Martini Herald were printing an editorial at­ Daily News. cocktails looms as a tragedy of war. I tacking the veracity of the President of This is not their first offense. quote: the United States and berating him for In the week of Pearl Harbor, they ob­ So, while no serious shortage of rye or sending troops to Iceland and Green­ tained confidential military reports on if bourbon is now expected, an acute shortage land. If he had not done so, Pearl Har­ the organizations of American forces of gin is reported more than likely. That bor may well have been duplicated on it became necessary, as it is now necess­ will be tough on Americans who simply do our eastern seaboard at New York, Bos­ ary, to invade the Continent of Europe. like Martinis and don't like Manhattans­ The Washington Times-Herald published meaning quite s number of Americans. Why ton, and Baltimore. that story under these headlines: their personal liberty should be destroyed But, to Joseph Medill Patterson, the President, like Congressman HoLLAND, "War plan expose rocks Capitol." in this matter, we cannot see. ''Perils Army appropriation bill." was a liar. "Congress seetlles over secret plans !or When you read a thing like that, and The Patterson venom, the Patterson think of the men who lived on mule meat 5,000,000 A. E. F." hatred, foamed up and boiled over in an "Eight billion Army appropriations blll on Bataan and the sailors who drift in editorial on August 2, in which Franklin periled by expose." open boats without food and sometimes D. Roosevelt, chosen President of this without water-it makes you sick at the country by a free vote of the people­ The filching of confidential military in­ stomach. against the opposition of the wealth and formation and the subsequent propa­ It is simply and utterly foul. most of the press of the country-was ganda aimed at delaying appropriations American civilians have not yet felt compared to the military conqueror, has never been explained to the people of the pinch of war except in the most Julius Caesar. the country. minor degree. Yet Patterson says: I suggest it as another item for grand­ The assassination of Julius Caesar is jury inquiry. We cannot keep up our home-front morale the most famous political crime in his­ Mr. Speaker, the crimes of A·dolf Hitler it our gasoline and oil arc to be cut otr and tory. The Patterson paptrs all but our food curtailed, while Washington bureau­ have shocked and revolted the human in­ crats tell us such deprivations are good for state-through the filthy parallel they stincts of us all. The shooting of hos­ us and will make better nen and women of us. draw-that only a similar political crime tages, the starvation of Greece, the ex.:. can end the tenure in office of the Presi­ termination of the leaders of the Polish He sees totalitarianism in the simple dent of this Nat~on. people, the repression of religion, the request that the people turn in their old Mr. Speaker, there is a limit some­ massacres of the Jews, the razipg of the tubes of toothpaste, and in the elimina­ where to freedom of the press. Democ­ little Czech town of Lidice-these things tion of cuffs on trousers. Nazi propa­ racy cannot permit the very freedoms are cruelties which will never be forgotten ganda is always aimed at making Ameri­ which it cherishes to destroy the very by the civilized world. Americans in all icans, who are predisposed toward de­ structure of freedom. We cannot per­ walks of life have not hesitated to ex­ mocracy, believe that their own Govern­ mit our liberty to be destroyed by those press their horror. ment is becoming dictatorial. This is who use it as a weapon against the se­ But not Joseph Medill Patterson. No­ Patterson's loudest cry. curity of our country. where in the editorial columns of the New Three days before Pearl Harbor this I believe that the press of the United York Daily News, since the outbreak of was his cry: States, opposed though it may be to many the war, will you find a single expression In short, Roosevelt is now a dictator. things which I believe in for the domes­ of sympathy for Hitler's victims or a • • • We think it 1s entirely conceivable tic welfare of this Nation, is the fairest, trace of indignation over the crimes com­ that the Roosevelt dictatorship will believe the best informed, the most honest, and mitted by the Nazis. it to be its duty to mankind to postpone the the most patriotic press in the world. 1942 congressional elections in this country J•Jseph Medill Patterson has cynicism on some pretext or other. It has always been so. I kn·JW that to­ and criticism and mockery in plenty for day it is ashamed of the Pattersons and our allies, but he has nowhere demon­ This theme has been frequently re­ their cousin in Chicago. I know that strated that he possesses a sense of moral peated, even as the primary elections the decent press of America wants to outrage for the brutality of the Nazis. proceed. win this war, just as every decent Amer­ Here, too, Joseph Medill Patterson fol· And, this part of the Patterson-Axis ican wants to win this war. lows the Nazi propaganda line. line: The term of "vermin press" was coined Even in the matter of the seconJ. front, As for getting our Uberties back after the to designate the rags published by the Joseph Medill Patterson aids Hitler. war- -we won't get all of them back in any Pelleys and the Coughlins· and the other We all recognize that a second front is a event. We can be confident that after the . organs of fifth-column opinion in this matter of military urgency. We know wat, we'll be more totalitarian than ever country. that our GovE:rnment undoubtedly desires before. That is how those things go. I say to you, Mr. Speaker, that the it, and is pushing plans for it. Everyone knows that the President of New York Daily News and the Washing­ Patterson, too, advocates a second the United States is the chief target of ton Times-Herald and their middle west­ front-but he says it is a job for the the Nazi propaganda machine every­ ern brother in sedition, the Chicago British, and the British alone. wh~re in the world. Hitler knows that Tribune, belong in the same category. I submit to you, Mr. Speaker, that Roosevelt is the man who stands between Despite their cloak of prosperity, their nothing can be so calculated to delay the him and world domination. He hates fine buildings, their vast circulations, opening of a second front in Europe as the President and would destroy him. their comic strip, their feature stories, the sowing of suspicion in Britain that 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6807 when the front is opened, Americans will. THE LATE CHRISTOPHER D. SULLIVAN great friend. We will remember not be there to support it. Here, again, Mr. DICKSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, I rise "Christy" Sullivan, as he left us in 1940, Joseph Medill Patterson serves Hitler's to announce the death of my former col­ a statesman, a gentleman, and a fine game, and serves it with a vengeance. · league, Christopher D. Sullivan, who was citizen. May his soul rest in peace. It is not necessary to be in contact with a Member of this House from 1917 to Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. Mr. the enemy in order to bring him aid and 1940. He was a Member from the district Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad­ comfort. adjoining mine in the State of New York. dress the House for 1 minute. It is not necessary to receive a daily Christopher Sullivan was born in the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there memo from the Wilhelmstrasse to know city of New York in 1870, and was edu­ objection to the request of the gentleman what will weaken America and strengthen cated at the St. James Parochial School from Mississippi? her enemies. and St. Mary's Academy. There was no objection. It is only necessary to share a common He received his early instruction in Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. Mr. hatred; to desi.re the same results; to politics from his well-known uncle, Speaker, the entire delegation from Mis­ think in the same patterns. known to the people of the East Side of sissippi joins in expressing profound sor­ And I repeat again that Joseph Medill New York as Big Tim Sullivan. row at the passing of our distinguished Patterson and Eleanor Patterson walk in "Christy" Sullivan began his career .as friend and former colleague, "Christy" the path of Hitler, share his hatred of a printer, and then as a real-estate man, Sullivan, of New York. Roosevelt, share his hatred for Britain, but through Big Tim and a brother During all the years I have served in share his hatred for Russia, think with Florrie he was drawn into politics and this House I have never been thrown with him that democracy is degenerate and a more congenial member; a man of became a Democratic leader on the lower courage, a man of integrity, and a man fn'!edom archaic, desire with him to cre­ East Side. In 1908 he was elected to the ate a world 1n which Europe will be domi­ State senate, where one of his colleagues, whose love of his country, whose patriot­ nated by Hitler, Asia by Japan, and the a few years later, was Franklin D. Roose­ ism, was above question. I believe it was Western Hemisphere directed by a Fas­ velt. He remained in the State senate Longfellow who once said: cist America, working in unison with its until 1916, when he was elected to Con­ I shot an arrow into the air, overlord across the seas. gress from the Thirteenth District. It fell to earth I know not where. This is a foreign war, Mr. Speaker, For so swiftly it .flew the sight From then until 1940 he served continu­ Could not follow in its flight. yet it is also a war of ideas--the war of ously as a Representative, retiring in 1940 the idea of freedom versus the idea of to give his entire time to the leadership I breathed a song into the air, tyranny. It fell to earth I know not where. of Tammany Hall, to which he bad been For who has sight so keen and strong There are those in this country, I am elected in 1937. He served as leader until That it can follow the. flight of song. sorry to say-a tiny group, but a power­ recently, and upon relinquishing the post Long, long afterward in an oak ful groUP-Who have become infected as leader of Tammany Hall he reverted I found the arrow still unbroke. with the virus of tyranny which has un­ to the leadership of his own district. And the song from beginning to end, leashed this dreadful plague upon the It was in the clubhouse of his own dis­ I found again in the heart or a friend. world. To the end that this group con­ trict that he passed away suddenly on sists of Americans, Mr. Speaker, this war August 3, 1942. While discussing the af­ Every one who ever knew "Christy" is a civil war as well as a foreign war. It fairs of the club with some of the mem­ Sullivan found in his heart the song of cannot be won until our enemies at home bers he said he felt ill. He was per­ friendship, the love of his fellow man, and are conquered and rendered harmless. suaded to lie down on a lounge in the a supreme devotion to the welfare of his Mr. Speaker, six Nazi ~aboteurs were room. When it was noticed that one country. electrocuted at the Washington jail the arm was hanging limp the others in the Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask other day. room tried to get a doctor from a nearby unanimous consent to address the House We are not a sadistic _people, but we office, but he was not in. They then for 1 minute. were glad to see those men executed. called Gouverneur Hospital and police The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there They bad been sent here to make war headquarters. A police emergency squad objection to the request of the gentle­ upon us, stealthy war of sabotage, to worked over him with an inhalator, but man from Missouri? wreck our industries, to smash our trans­ he was beyond aid. Father Edward, a; There was no objection. portation systems, to attack our war member of the Franciscan Order of the Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. Speaker, the effort on our home grounds with dyna­ Roman Catholic Church of the Most death of Christopher D. Sullivan, known mite and fire. We called these men Precious Blood, Canal and Baxter Streets, to all of us as "Christie" Sullivan, in New saboteurs and spies, and we executed administered the last rites. York a week ago was a shock to his many_ them. friends, especially to those who have come It was typical of Christopher Sullivan in contact with him in recent months Mr. Speaker, had those men actually that in the more than two decades in because he appeared to be in perfect succeeded in blowing up the main line of which he served in the House of Repre­ health. the Pennsylvania Railroad at the Horse­ sentatives he never made a speech. shoe Curve, as they plotted to do, they I met Mr. Sullivan when he came to However, when the time came for a vote Washington in 1916 as Representative in would have inflicted a great blow. he was always here. He was literally a Congress from the Thirteenth District in But all the PhYsical sabotage they man of few words, sincerely modest, al­ Manhattan, and he served continuously planned, had it been successfully exe­ most shy in manner, but a witty and until 194(), when he voluntarily retired. cuted, could not accomplish one-half the forceful conversationalist in informal At the time of his I:etirement he was the gatherings. His strong influence in pol­ damage done by the moral sabotage com­ ranking member of the Ways and Me~ns mitted by Joseph Medill. Patterson, itics grew from his understanding of the Committee. Eleanor Patterson, and Robert McCor­ intricacies of the game and from his He was educated at St. James Parochial mick. unswerving loyalty to his political asso­ School and St. Mary's Academy in New Daily these publishers rub at the mo­ ciates. York. He entered the real estate busi­ rale of the American people. Daily they Among his friends Mr. Sullivan was · ness, but in 1908 entered politics and was sow suspicion. Daily they preach that noted for his devotion to his family. His elected to the New York State Senate, we are a nation of fools, led by rascals 11 grandchildren were one of his chief into a hopeless struggle. prides. His wife, the former Nell Dona­ at which time he sat beside a newly Daily they wear at the moral fiber of hue, died in 1910, and he never remarried. elected Senator, who was none other the people, softening it, rotting it, pre· I venture to say, Mr. Speaker, there than Franklin D. Roosevelt. He con­ paring us for defeat. are very few men in this House who can tinued his service in the New York Sen­ And in war, as Napoleon Bonaparte boast of a record of being in the Con­ ate until 1916, when he was elected to said, the moral is to the material as gress of the United States from 1917 to Congress. Mr. Sullivan left Congress, three is to one. 1940 without making a political speech becoming the leader of Tammany Hall, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under or without even extending their remarks which position he held until about a year previous order of the House, the gentle­ in the RECORD. ago. man from New York [Mr. DICKSTEIN] is Mr. Speaker, the country has lost a His district was on the lower East recognized for 5 minutes. great citizen and his district has lost a S.ide in New York, and his success was 6808 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE AUGUST 10 due to his contact with the people of h ttd charge of the bill will so recom­ Meanwhile wives and children who need that section. The door of his office was· mend or provided a majority of the the money now will have to wait until just always open and it was in his office that members of that committe-e are willing before the election, when they will be ex­ he passed away. He had made it a habit pected to show the proper gratitude by voting that it lJe done. right a day or so after the checks have been for years to interview those who desired One of the reasons which should be received. This is a cheap political trick to to see him OI.L Monday and Wednesday taken into consideration by the mem­ play on those whose loved ones are facing the nights, and he was talking to his friends bership of the House, ana one thing that dangers of wars. when he was stricken. The poor of the I want the people of the country to know East Side in New York will really miss is that in the first place there are at the I will ask my friend the gentleman him, because he was their friend. Al­ present time approximately four and from Pennsylvania if there is any justi­ though he never engaged in debate he one-half million boys in the service. It fication or anything that could be con­ was a power on the side lines. His out­ is estimated that the War Department strued as the truth, as set fo rth in this standing J;ersonality made him friends will have 1,700,000 applications from editorial, in view of the fact that it was with everyone with whom he came in soldiers for payment of allowances to the War Department that insisted upon contact. He was loyal to the party that their dependents. There will be approx­ having the date fixed at November 1, and he represented. imately 100,000 applications from sail­ this was done in the other body. I am sure that I voice the sentiments ors for payment of allowances to their Mr. EBERHARTER. In answer to the of all here who knew him in extending dependents. There will be many from gentleman I may say in the first in­ sympathy to his children and his many the marines. There will be many from stance, as he was speaking it occurred grandchildren. to me the provisions of the law require the Coast Guard and from the other that none of these checks shall be actu­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS services. ally paid until November 1. In other Mr. DICKSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, some Now, suppose the War Department words, none can be paid before Novem­ of our colleagues from New York and would start to send out checks as soon ber 1, but it is not mandatory that they other States, including the State of as a few cases had been approved. We be paid on November 1. Now, if they Pennsylvania, have asked me to submit would then be in the position of paying a are mailed out on November 1, with re­ a general request, and I therefore ask few of the large number of dependents spect to the gentleman's own particular unanimous consent that all Members of many, many weeks ahead of others. district, if they are mailed from Wash­ the House who desire to do so may be Suppose in one block on one street a ington they certainly could not be de­ permitted to extend their remarks in the soldier's last name commences with the livered by election day, which is on No­ RECORD on the life, character, and public letter "A," and the 'iVar Department or vember 3. It could not apply to constitu­ service of the late Christopher D. Sulli­ the Navy Department, under the system ents in his particular district. van. which they might establish would first When this bill passed the House, as I The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there send out checks to those whose names understand, it did not contain this clause objection to the request of the gentleman commenced with the letter "A"; and in and the matter had not been brought to from New York? the same block there would be some the attention of the membersh:p of the There was no objection. other dependents whose name began House. The bill passed the House with­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under with the last letter of the alphabet, "Z." out that clause in it. It went to the a previous order of the House, the gentle­ Those people would not get their checks other body and the Army officers who man from Penruylvania [Mr. EBERHAR­ for many weeks after the others. The will be in charge of these payments and TER] is recognized· for 10 minutes. question is, Would that be fair? Should the Navy officials both requested that not all dependents get their checks at this clause be put in the act, because SERVICEMEN'S DEPENDENTS ALLOTMENT the same time? they felt it would be only fair that all BILL Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. dependents get their allowances at the Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, Speaker, will the gentleman yield? same time. on August 3 of this year a joint resolu­ Mr. EBERHARTER. I yield. ln addition to that, it is a tremendous tion was introduced which had for its Mr. SMITH of Washington. I am problem to set up the machinery by which purpose the amendment of what is supporting the Rankin amendment. I these payments will be made. I have known as the servicemen's dependents believe it is working a hardship in many heard, unofficially, that it will require allotment blll, Public Law 625 of the cases upon wives and children when the 1,200 to 1.,500 additional employees in Seventy-seventh Congress. Unanimous head of the family and breadwinner is in the War Departmeht and the Navy De­ consent was asked at that time for the the service and these payments should partment in order to pass upon and get immediate consideration of the joint res­ commence immediately and be expedited these checks out. olution and at that time I reserved the as rapidly as possible, I will say. Is the Now, suppose a mother has three or right to object and stated that in the gentleman aware of the fact that the four boys in the service. Perhaps they first plac·e there was an understanding press of the country now is apparently, have been in the service for 9 months or that no import&.nt legislation would be either acting under a misapprehension or 12 months. One boy is with a contingent passed at this time and that the grant­ deliberately misrepresenting the purpose that is in Ireland, another with a con­ ing of such unanimous consent request behind the clause in that legislation to tingent in Iceland, and another in Aus­ would not be in conformity with such which the gentleman has referred, de­ tralia. Naturally, it will take a consider­ u.,derstanding. ferring the time of payment to November ably greater length of time to prove their In the second place, another reason 1? I wish to read an excerpt from an cases and get their applications back for objecting was because I sincerely editorial published in my State and dis­ than it would in the case of a mother and honestly believed that there was trict: who has only one boy in the Army and very good reason for that clause being Congress has been generous in its grants he in a camp in this country. In the inserted in the original act, and in the to wives, children, mothers, and sisters of case where the boy is in a camp right third place I do not now think and I men in the armed forces of the country. The handy, the mother would get her checks did not think at that time that the pur­ bills have been passed and signed by the months or weeks before .. he mother who pose which the gentleman from Mis­ President. But several months' delay will had three or four boys in foreign service. sissippi [Mr. RANKIN] had in mind now result and many dependents who need Such a distribution may be the cause this money will not receive it until the 1st when he first submitted the unanimous of November. of a great deal of discontent and dissatis­ consent request would be served; in Then a. few days before election, a flood of faction on the part of those who are en­ other words, it would not, in any way, checks will descend upon the Nation, just as titled to these checks, and may in a gen­ fulfill his intention. in previous elections other relief and Work eral way help to lower the morale of the As far as I am personally concerned, Projects Administration checks have been people, because it is very, very difficult I certainly will be agreeable to the pas­ sent out on the eve of vote taking. Congress to explain to every dependent in the sage of an amendment to that bill which inserted a provision in the bill, practically country why it is necessary for their prohibiting the payment of these benefits will permit such payments to the de­ until November 1, although the Army and checks to be delayed while other checks pendents of servicemen at any time the Navy could probably have begun to make have been sent out weeks ahead of theirs. War Department or the Navy Depart­ the payments soon after the first of Septem­ In addition to that there would be so ment is ready to do so, provided that ber, even though the bookkeeping task is many inquiries coming to the War De­ the Committee on Military Affairs which tremendous. partment and the Navy Department ask- 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6809 ing, "Why haven't I received my check?" As far as the clause is concerned, I earlier action than we have contem­ because the neighbors had received theirs, call attention to the fact also that thiS plated, because if we do not get it hun­ that the War Department would be un­ is certainly not a partisan matter as be­ dreds of thousands of needy wives and der the necessity of answering thousands tween the Republicans and the Demo­ children throughout this country will be and thousands of communications or of crats, because the Republicans aJJ.d the without any care at all. totally ignoring them. It would place a Democrats in both branches of th~ Con­ Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. tremendous burden on the War and Navy gress have voted almost unanimously for Speaker, will the gentleman yield? Departments or, by ignoring them, it this provision, so that no blame can be Mr. EBERHARTER. I yield to the would help create fmther discontent. attached to either party. gentleman from Washington. The SPEAKER pro tempore. (Mr. Mr. SMITH of Washington. Is it not Mr. SMITH of Washington. May I GATHINGS) • The time of the gentleman a fact that this provision never came ask the gentleman from Kentucky if he from Pennsylvania has expired. before the House as a separate amend­ does not agree with me that the charge Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, I ment or was voted upon in any way ex­ of political implications is absolutely ask unanimous consent to proceed for 15 cept as a part of the bill? baseless and unfounded? additional minutes. Several Members Mr. EBERHARTER. It came to the Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. I do not have indicated they want me to yield, House in a conference report to which know why it was put in there. The fact and I would like to yield to them. all the conferees agreed, as I understand. of the matter is that I did not know until The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. Mr. afterward that it was put in there. objection to the request of the gentle­ Speaker, will the gentleman yield? Mr. SMITH of Washington. The gen­ man from Pennsylvania? Mr. EBERHARTER. I yield to the tleman realizes that it was put in there at There was no objection. gentleman from Kentucky. the request of the War Department. Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Mr. ROBSION of KentuckY. When Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. I have Speaker, will the gentleman yield? the bill was up in the House, if the gen­ heard that, but I do not know just why Mr. EBERHARTER. I yield to the tleman will recall, it provided that the the amendment was put in there. The gentleman from Washington. payments should begin 4 . months after bill as it came to the House provided that Mr. SMITH of Washington. I think the passage of the act. The gentleman payments would begin the fourth month the gentleman has made a very full and will recall that I offered an amendment after the passage of the bill. I offered what seems to me to be a very logical making it 2 months, and the gentleman an amendment, which was accepted by explanation. Is it not a fact that even if from Texas [Mr. THOMASON], who was in the member of the Committee on Mili­ the clause which is now so objectionable charge of the bill, accepted the amend­ tary Affairs in charge of the bill and and which is contained in the legislation, ment and the House agreed to it unani­ agreed to unanimously by the House, is eliminated it would still probably be mously, both Democrats and Republi­ both Republicans and Democrats, to the physically and otherwise impossible to cans. Then the bill went to the Senate, effect that the payments were to begin make simultaneous and uniform time and there the Robsion amendment, 2 months after the passage of the bill. payments throughout the country? adopted in the House, was eliminated, Mr. EBERHARTER. I am glad the That is, it absolutely could not be done and the date of November 1, 1942, was gentleman set me right on the proposi­ for the reasons the gentleman has so well placed in the bill. tion as to the consideration given this pointed out. You have the element of As pointed out by my friend and col­ particular matter when the bill was be­ distance, you have the time of making league from Washington, I do not think fore the House, because'! happened to be the application and the investigation in it is just the best thing or the proper temporarily absent at the time. each individual case, ar 1 then preparing thing, or the most equitable thing to do, Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. The gen­ the checks after the records have been to require beginning all these payments tleman from Texas [Mr. THoMASON], who made up, and mailing out the checks, on a certain date. We do not do . that was in charge of the bill, accepted the which is a process that requires a great about anything about proving claims. Robsion amendment. deal of time and a great deal of clerical I have been over my district recentlY Mr. EBERHARTER. I happened to be and bookkeeping work, which would re­ and have found hundreds of hardship on the floor on several other occasions quire a very large personnel which cases where husbands have been taken when this particular matter was dis­ would have to be organized. You would into the service leaving dependent wives, cussed. As far as the hardship cases are have to set up a vast machinery of per­ and, in some cases, dependent children. concerned, I am in entire sympathy with sonnel which as I understand it has not I believe that at the time we passed the doing everything possible for the de­ yet been done. It seems to me the prac­ bill the War and Navy Departments al­ pendents of soldiers and sailors and for tical and sensible procedure would be ready had records of 160,000 dependents. the soldiers and sailors themselves, and to omit the time limitation and permit I think there ought to be a shorter that has always been my position, as my the payments to be made as rapidly as time, and I am going to favor the Rankin record in the House will show. I think possible, which is the usual procedure amendment. I think we ought to cut the record of most of the Members of the and start doing it at once. Does the down the time and get these checks to House who have been accused of trying gentleman know whether the personnel the dependents as rapidly as we can, be­ to do this thing for political purposes has been provided? cause it is important that we do so. will show that they have been very sym­ Mr. EBERHARTER. The machinery Some husbands and fathers were in the pathetic toward going along with any is only in the process of being initially Army and Navy months and months be­ proposition for the benefit of the sol­ set up. fore we passed that bill and, with their diers, sailors, and marines, and their de­ In further answer to the gentleman, small pay, were unable to get more than pendents. may I say that I was informed by an a very little money to their wives and Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. Does the officer of the War Department that the children. To put off this payment until gentleman believe we ought to put this War Department originally requested November 1 means that in many cases whole matter off until we work out the that the proviso state that no payment needy wives and children will have to go cases such as he referred to, of the de­ should be made until 6 months after the without this assistance for 8 to 10 pendents who have three sons in the passage of the bill, but the Members of months. It is a serious question with a Army, some of them in distant lands? the Congress who had the matter under lot of people, and I think the law ought Can we afford to hold it up until we can consideration thought that that was too to be changed. pay everybody at the same time? long a period and insisted that the War As to the personnel, the building in Mr. EBERHARTER. I am just pre­ Department endeavor to pay these checks which this activity wm · be housed was senting some of the reasons. within 4 months. The date of November erected in Northeast Washington be­ In connection with the hardship cases, 1 was just accidentally chosen. fore we passed the law. I went out there in a newspaper report a Senator from Mr. SMITH of Washington. The gen­ a number of times, for weeks and weeks Michigan is reported as stating this: tleman has stated that that was done in before we passed the law, speaking with The War Department itself has neverthe­ the other body, before the Senate com­ the colonel in charge out there of de­ less adopted a policy tending to alleviate any mittee? veloping the personnel to handle this hardship that a soldier's wife and children Mr. EBERHARTER. That is my un­ work. I am not insisting one way or the might suffer if the monthly deduction of $22 derstanding. The bill did not contain other about any political implications. is withheld from his pay for monthly family­ that proviso when it passed the House. All I am urging is the great necessity for allowance purposes. Under this policy a Vol- 6810 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE AUGUST 10 .untary allotment of $22 a month may be her bill and nothing to live on when she that no dependent would get a check be­ made by the soldier, if he so desires, which gets back home, and nothing to look for­ fore election da~·. Such action by us will be available for the wife and children 1, through September 1942, the total of such ward to until after November when would absolutely refute the charge that payments to be deducted from the accrued payments of these allowances will begin. politics entered into the consideration of sum of monthly family allowance initially Therefore I say that we ought to amend this measure. Postponing the payments .payable after November 1, 1942. this I'aw to make it permissible for the only 3 more days, provided the Military Army and the Navy to pay these allot­ Affairs Committee does not agree to the Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. Mr. ments and allowances in these emergency amendment of the gentleman from Mis­ Speaker, will the gentleman yield? cases now and not increase and in tensity sissippi, would certainly show we had no Mr. EBERHARTER. I will be glad to the suffering of the needy dependents of political interest to serve, and would yield to the gentleman, but I hope nobody these boys, and probably lower their mo­ cause no considerable hardship generally will object when I ask for a little addi­ rale by postponing these payments. Let to dependents. tional time. us relieve their anxiety all we can by pro­ As I said before, I want to do every- · Mr. RANKIN Qf Mississippi. I cer­ viding for these payments now. thing I can, and I recognize the sympa­ tainly shall not object. Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, as thetic appeal that the arguments of the In the first place, let me say to the gen­ I have said before, of course, I am entirely gentleman from Mississippi have, espe­ tleman from Pennsylvania that my sympathetic toward doing anything to cially when we begin to recite some indi­ amendment does not make it compulsory build up the morale of the soldiers and vidual cases of hardship, but, of course, that these allotments or allowances be sailors and their dependents, and also the we have got to take into consideration paid now, but merely makes it permissive. general public, and I was merely reciting the general morale-of the country. So, There are literally thousands of suffering some of the reasons why this clause was Mr. Speaker, I took this time mainly for fathers and mothers and wives and chil­ put in the bill and some of the substan­ the purpose of bringing to the country at dren of these soldiers, and they are abso­ tial reasons, as I consider it, stated on the large and to the membership at large lutely in distress. The Navy can make floor of the House earlier today. The some of the reasons which entered into these payments now, I may say to the chairman of the Committee on Military the actions of this House and this Con­ gentleman from Pennsylvania, and I Affairs [Mr. MAY] will be here on next gress and, particularly, with reference to think the Army can, too. We have Thursday, and, insofar as I am con­ the coming election. I hope I have made enough people on the Federal pay roll, cerned, the matter will then be entirely my position clear, and I think the gentle­ it seems to me, to whip Japan. Surely in his hands. man from Mississippi will agree with me we can use enough of them to make up [Here the gavel fell.] that at all times in the past, on every oc­ these records. Mr. E~ERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, I casion, when any measure has come up The gentleman says that they can take ask unammous consent to proceed for 5 which was for the benefit of the soldiers, the $22 out of the soldier's pay. That is additional minutes. sailors, marines, or their dependents, I his allotment. Then if you pay that now The SPEAKER pro tempore. The have been wholeheartedly in sympathy and then later pay his allowance, you will Chair wishes to state with respect to with such measure and supported it to have to have two transactions and you special orders that while he has per­ the best of my ability. Will the gentle­ simply double the work, whereas if they mitted it today, as well as the other day man agree with me on that? paid them both at the same time in these when we were in session, yet the Chair Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. The gen­ needy cases they will only have to go does not feel it is quite fair or just to tleman has been very generous in his at­ through one transaction. I want to say those who follow to submit such a re­ titude toward the veterans, and he will to the gentleman from Pennsylvania that quest. If there is no objection today support this amendment when the time I cannot see why it would take up any from the Delegate from Alaska, the Chair comes to vote on it. I am sure of that. more of his time than was taken up by will submit the gentleman's request. Let me say to the gentleman from me when I was trying to get through my Mr. DIMOND. Mr. Speaker, I not Pennsylvania [Mr. EBERHARTER] if there amendment to raise the base pay of the only do not object but J join in the re­ is any political reaction because of the men in the service to $50 a month. quest and I hope the gentleman will be postponement of the payment of these Mr. EBERHARTER. And the gentle­ given all the time he desires. allowances and allotments, it will be be­ man did not have much difficulty in get­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there cause the American people feel that these ting that through. objection to the request of the gentleman dependents have been treated unjustly Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. Yes; I from Pennsylvania? by the delay. had a great deal of difficulty in getting it There was no objection. [Here the gavel fell.] through, because it got tied up in con­ Mr. EBERHARTER. I thank the PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE ference, and I had to have the conferees Delegate from Alaska. instructed in the House and then they Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. Mr. Mr. GEARHART. Mr. Speaker, I ask had to get them to instruct the conferees Speaker, if the gentleman will yield on unanimous consent that I may be per­ in the Senate. mitted to address the House on next the point he referred to a moment ago, Thursday for 20 minutes, after all other Mr. EBERHARTER. The vote was al­ I have before me now messages from 16 special orders have been disposed of. most unanimous. members of the Military Affairs Com-· The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is t:':lere Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. I will say mittee approving :his amendment. objection? to the gentleman that it was one of the Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, I There was no objection. hardest parliamentary battles I have ever am sorry I cannot yield any more until The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under gone through with, although the final I have finished my statement, and I ex­ previous special order, the Delegate from vote was over 10 to 1, and the vote will be pect to be- able to finish it in the 5 Alaska is recognized for 20 minutes. 20 to 1 on this matter if they will bring minutes. it to a vote. If the Committee on Military Affairs THE SITUATION OF ALASKA, PARTICU- Mr. EBERHARTER. That may be favors the passage of the bill of the gen­ LARLY OF THE ALEUTIAN ISLANDS, IN true. tleman from Misrissippi I shall be very THE WAR Mr. RANKIN of Mississippi. I can cite happy to go along, but if they believe Mr. DIMOND. Mr. Speaker, I am in­ one case, and in order that no one will that the reasons put forth by the War deed grateful to the distinguished gentle­ accuse me of playing politics in this mat­ Department are so substantial in their man from Arkansas [Mr. GATHINGS] for ter, I may say that we have no contest in nature that they cannot go along with having spoken, even though not at as the general election where I come from, the proposition, then, of course, it is up great length as I would have liked, on the but only in the primary, but in order that to them; and if they do so believe, Mr. subject of my address to the House to­ you may not even accuse me of appealing Speaker, I think it would be proper for day-the situation of Alaska, particularly to my constituency, let me refer to a letter this Congress, in order to avoid any of the Aleutian Islands, in the war. I I received from a little woman here in the charge of politics insofar as these pay­ know that the gentleman from Arkansas District of Columbia day before yester­ ments are concerned, to pass an amend­ is deeply concerned with what is going on day. Her husband is in the service and ment which will postpone the payments in the Aleutians because some hundreds she is in a hospital. She must now leave until November 4. This would make of his constituents are there serving the that hospital and has not a dollar to pay payments go out after election day so Nation in the Army, and &.t least one of 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6811 them has made the supreme sacrifice that And yet, for several months past, in Japanese raided Dutch Harbor from the "freedom may not perish from the earth." not far-off Australia but in a part of our air, and thereafter immediately seized Those who have made a lifetime study own domain, in the Territory of Alaska, and occupied the three westernmost of of war as a science and an art agree th.at we have permitted the Japanese not only the Aleutians-Attu, Agattu, and Kiska one aspect of it is well epitomized in the to seize but to retain and develop three of Islands. The latest official information statem.ent attributed to the late eminent our Aleutian Islands which lie within indicates that the Japanese still hold Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest, to the 2,800 miles of the State of Washington, possession of these islands with upward effect that the commander always wins and not more than 2,200 miles from of 10,000 men and a substantial air force, who is able to bring the greatest striking Tokyo; but up to the present moment although we have attacked their instal­ power to the point of contact. The we have not sent to that region sufficient lations from time to time by air, and principle itself has been followed by suc­ power to expel the invader. recently on one occasion from the sea, cessful generals from King Cyrus to To those of us who live in Alaska, it and have inflicted substantial damage Genghis Khan, to Napoleon and to Mar­ would seem that it is just as important upon the enemy with our submarines. shal Foch. No on& has stated the princi­ to drive the foe from our territory, a part The Aleutian Islands, measuring from ple more lucidly than our own General of our own land, the possession of which False Pass at their easterly extremity to MacArthur. It is also admitted that the will give him access to the North Ameri­ the extreme western end of Attu Island, commander who holds with his forces can Continent, as it is to keep the same extend east and west more than 1,000 the central position, and thus is able to enemy from occupying any part of a miles. Lying about 200 miles northwest move his troops on what are called the continent some 7,000 miles away. of Attu and about the same distance from short, interior lines, always has the ad­ Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. the shores of Kamchatka Peninsula is vantage of an enemy who must make a Speaker, will the gentleman yield? another group of islands which are geo­ roundabout method of approach to the Mr. DIMOND. I yield. graphically a part of the same chain as battle front. I sometimes suspect that Mr. SMITH of Washington. I desire the Aleutians. They are called Koman­ military strategy has its foundation in to commend the Delegate from Alaska dorski Islands, of which the largest, Ber­ hard common sense, and that a common­ for the timely address he is making on ing Island, is named for the great Danish sense approach to any strategical prob­ this occasion. Being familiar with the explorer, Vitus Bering, who, while in the lem is the one that i::. likely to be followed efforts which the gentleman has put employ of the Empress of Russia, dis­ by the best military strategist in the forth and his diligence for many months covered Alaska on July 16, 1741, just a world. In thinking of Lincoln, Lowell in calling this very vital matter to the little more than 200 years ago; and later once observed that profound common attention of the officials of the Gov­ in December of the same year, ship­ sense is the best genius of statesmanship. ernment the Navy, and the Army and wrecked and in want, died on the shore of It is possible that profound common the Air Corps, I wish to say the gentle­ Bering Island. The Komandorski Is­ sense is likewise the best genius of mili­ man has certainly put forth every effort lands now are a part, and for more than tary strategy. to cbtain action in regard to the mat­ 200 years past have been a part, of Mr. Speaker, we have heard considera­ ter he is discussing today. Living as I Russia. ble discussion in recent weeks about a do in the State of Washington on the I mention those islands at this time proposed second front. There appears west coast, I think I express the opin­ because they are an important segment to be uncertainty and perhaps disagree­ ion of the people out there ·when I say of the long Aleutian chain stretching be­ ment as to the time and place and cir­ that we certainly agree with the Dele­ tween the two continents, North America cumstances involved in the establish­ gate from Alaska in his contention that and Asia, because the Russians have for­ ment of such a second front. Some of steps should be taken, and that by this tified them, and because nearly a year our nonofficial experts have severally time they are being taken according to ago, when Russia then, as now, was advocated that a second front should be more recent developments of the last struggling for her life against the as­ set up in Italy, in Norway, or in France. few days, to drive the Japanese out of saults of Germany it seemed only too People seem to forget that we already American territory, in the Aleutians, probable that in her dire extremity the have, not a second front, but a first front which we do consider is a first front. It Japanese would think the -time propitious on which war is now being ~arried on, is reported that we are sending our men to move against Vladivostok and engulf and that first front is not in distant and our equipment to 30 different fronts and occupy, if possible, all the eastern Europe or in far-off Asia, or Australia, in the world, which may be necessary and coast of Siberia, including Komandorski but on the North American Continent, advisable. We do not have any fault Islands, I suggested that it would be in in the Aleutian Islands of Alaska. I re­ to find with that, and I do not criticize the interest of Russia as well as of our­ spectfully suggest that it is the part of our military and naval leaders, who are selves if Russia would turn over the wisdom to bring to that front ample wisely deciding our strategy, But cer­ Komandorski group, including Bering Is­ forces to win victory there, on our first tainly the most important front as far land, to us for safekeeping and thus fighting front, before we undertake the as the immediate safety and security prevent their occupation by Japan. Of prodigious effort necessary to set up and of America is concerned is the Ameri­ course, it was proposed that the trans­ establish and carry forward a second can front, and the Aleutians are a part action should be a purely voluntary one, battle front some thousands of miles of the American front. and was made in view of the fact that at away from our shores in another conti­ Mr. DIMOND. I thank the gentle­ that time our power in the Pacific nent. The first front in the Territory man for his valuable contribution. I seemed immense and that of Russia rel­ of Alaska demands immediate attention. agree with him wholeheartedly. Like atively weak. It then seemed that the Months ago, when it appeared that the him, I have no criticism of anything safety of Russia, as well as of the United Japanese planned . an invasion of the that has been done by the administra­ States, would be truly served were we Australian Continent, we lost no time in tion or by the high command or the then to be permitted to occupy and hold giving to the Australians substantial aid. general staff, in sending troops to Asia the Komandorski Islands. To the present moment I have heard no or to Australia or to any other place It is now evident that my estimate criticism of the action thus taken, al­ in the ,-orld. It may be valuable. It made in August 1941 of the relative mili­ though 7,000 miles intervene between San may be in accordance with the sound tary and naval power of Russia and the Francisco, Calif., and Sydney, Australia; plans, but I do suggest that upon the United States in the north Pacific was Sydney evidently being the port of de­ plain implications of common sense it completely erroneous, for since that date, barkation used for the troops and sup­ would be well first, or if not first, then although the Komandorski Islands are plies which we send to Australia. From coordjnately with the carrying out of still, so far as I am aware, in the undis­ Sydney to Tokyo by air line is about th'ese other plans, to drive the invader puted possession of the Soviet Russian 4;800 miles farther. It, therefore, ap­ out of the North American Continent. Government, three of our vital Aleutian pears that if we have any idea of carry­ That part of the Territory of Alaska Islands, lying 200 miles to the southeast ing the war to Japan through Australia which is embraced in the Aleutian Is­ of the Komandorski Islands, have been it is perfectly plain that the distances to lands and the surrounding regions have seized, and for approximately 2 months be traversed are simply enormous, prac­ been the subject of considerable press have been held by the Japanese without tically equivalent to going one-half way and radio comment in recent weeks, in serious dispute on our part. Perhaps it around the earth. fact, ever since June 3, 1942, when the would have been better if an offer had LXXXVIII--429. 6812 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE AUGUST 10 been made that the Russians should take vantage or disadvantage, whichever it proximately 25,000 healthy an( weJ]-fed over all of the western Aleutians and may be, of having a marine climate. The native Aleuts inhabited this area. They thus protect and save them from occupa­ same condition exists with respect to the were oppressed and enslaved by the Rus­ t:.on by the Japanese, rather than we coast of British Columbia. It is even sians of that day and were particularly should take over the Komandorski more true of Iceland, which we apparently susceptible to the diseases brough':; to Islands for the same purpose. consider an important point in our war them by the white men and fell easy prey From both official and unofficial com­ strategy. to the ravag-es of alcohol. As a result, ment it is evldent that there is lack of The most comprehensive statement the islands were largely depopulated and complete information, amounting in embraced within reasonable compass in recent years have been used largely as some cases to misinformation, as to the which I know of concerning the Aleutians, fox farms for both the natives and by Aleutian Islands, and the importance of their climate and strategic importance, white men. their possession in the war now being is contained in an article appearing in The Aleutian Islands are virtually the fought, a war which may be conceivably the United States Naval Institute Pro­ summits of a subterranean mountain enlarged in the near future by fighting ceedings, issue of June 1941, commencing chain extending from Asia to North between the Russians and the Japanese. at page 830, written by Mr. W. L. Golds­ America. As a consequence, the surface Many people se€m to be under the im­ borough. To the best of my knowledge, . of most of these islands is rugged and pression that the Aleutian Islands lie the data contain€d in this article is in places steeply mountainous. Never­ much farther to the north than is actu­ accurate and reliable. Let :me quote a theless, considerable areas of relatively ally the case. An ordinary map, better part of it: level ground are available where airfields still a globe, will show that the Aleutians A description of the climatic and living can be constructed at comparatively are roughly embraced between the fifty­ conditions at Dutch Harbor, Unalaska, is small expense. Doubtless we have under­ first and fifty-fifth parallels of north lat­ conhined in the article on Life in the taken some such construction in the east­ itude. If we should take the Aleutian Aleutian Islands, United States Naval Insti­ ern part of the Aleutians, and there is Islands, bunch them up, and slip them tute Proceedings, July 1937, pages 1001-1008, plenty of evidence now to indicate that directly east between the same parallels the author stating, among other things, that the Japanese are doing the same thing of latitude, the fifty-first and fifty-fifth, in a normal year the temperature varies be­ tween 10 and 70° F. The climate of the Aleu­ on Kiska and perhaps on Attu. The is­ until they arrived over England, we tians is oceanic, with moderate and fairly lands possess several good harbors, of would find that the several Aleutian uniform humidity. The mean temperature at which the best known are Dutch Har­ Islands would be suspended over Eng­ Dutch Harbor during the midwinter month is bor and the harbor at Kiska. Dutch land, from the shores of the English given as 32.6°, and that during the midsum­ Harbor has been developed as a naval Channel on the south to Solway Firth mer month as 54.8°. A comparison of the base by us in recent years, but some and Newcastle in the north; and if we monthly pilot charts of the North Pacific damage was done to the installations by could carry them still farther east be­ (Unimak-Avacha) for a year with the monthly pilot charts of the more familiar the raid of the Japanese which took place tween the same parallels of latitude, they North Atlantic (Lands End-Halifax) for the · on June 3 and June 4 of this year. Until would come to rest in the northern half same year showed icebergs in the Atlantic in 5 the Japanese took over Kiska Island, the o::: pre-war Germany between a line pass­ months an.i none 1n the Pacific, more days truly excellent natural harbor at that ing roughly through Duesseldorf a.nd with fog in the Atlantic than in the Pacific in island was totally undeveloped. With Leipzig in the south and thence extend­ each of the 8 months from October to May, a respect to the harbors in the Aleutians, ing north to the boundary line of Den­ higher percentage of time with gales in the as compared with harbors in other parts mark; and if we should transport the Atlantic in every month except September and November, and a higher percentage of of the Pacific, Mr. Goldsborough, in the Aleutian Islands still farther to the east, article referred to, has this to say: still keeping them in their present posi­ hours with calms and light airs in the Pacific in every month except February, in which It will be noted that the director antici­ tion between the fifty-first and fifty-fifth month the percentage in the two oceans was pates no ice on the winter run north of the degrees of north latitude, we would find th~ same. Aleutians. Increased facilities, or possibly them lodging in the southern half of help from the Navy or the Coast Guard or Russia, on White Russia, the central While this does not indicate any in­ both, would result in the completion of the black-soil area, and a part of the supportable ' or insufferable climate, Aleutian surveys long before 1946. Ukraine. So we see that all the Aleu­ there is much fog and rain. But the Existing charts are good enough, however, tian Islands are well withir: the north same is true of the north Atlantic area to show that in the Aleutians there are three temperate zone and that in the northern between Halifax and Lands End. It is harbors (in the case of Unalaska, groups of extremity are they more than 700 miles no better at Scapa Flow in the Orkneys, harbors) each larger than any in our more which for many years before the present southerly Pacific islands · east of the Philip­ south of the Arctic Circle. pines-the Unalaska group, the Bay of Water­ When we consider in connection with war was the great base of the main falls (Adak Island), and Kiska Harbor-be­ their geographical location the further British Fleet, and we must remember sides several smaller harbors, one of which, fact that all this area is warmed by the that Scapa Flow lies 300 miles farther Constantine (Amchita Island), is entitled to easterly :flowing Kuroshio or Japan cur­ north than does any part of the rank in size with Pago Pago. In the follow­ rent, which originates in the Tropics, Aleutians. ing table the first three harbors are in the engulfs the Japanese islands, and then Mr. Goldsborough refers to another south and the last four in the Aleutians. divides, a part going to the Okhotsk Sea statement or article entitled "Life in the Capacity of mid-Pacific harbors and the greater portion eastward along Aleutian Islands," printed in the United the Aleutians and the co::1,st of Alaska, States Naval Institute Proceedings in the :Berths we ought to know, with plenty of issue of July 1937, written by Lt. Ccmdr. W. M. Lockhart, United States Navy. Harbor assurance on the point, that the climate First Second Third of the Aleutians is mild and that no sea In this article Commander Lockhart class class class ice has ever been known to form there. makes the following observation with re­ On both sides of the AleutianL we have spect to the climate of Dutch Harbor, Pearl Harbor______4 17 60 the ocean open for traffic without which is characteristic of the Aleutians hindrance every day in the year. generally: ~~~~~~~~======Constantine Harbor____ 1r9 13~~ 25~ A great deal has been said about the A large percentage of the days are cloudy, Bay of Waterfalls______23 45 65 unattractiveness of the climate of the clear days being the exception, but at Dutch Kiska Harbor______40 84 115 Aleutians, particularly with respect to Harbor the sun does appear for varying pe­ Unalaska group t ______------fog as well as rain and wind. It is true riods at least three-fourths of the total days 1 Accommodation for the entire fieet. that the Aleutians have what is known of the year. Temperatures are moderate and never have been known to go below 5° F. nor In the case of Pearl Harbor, the above infor­ as marine climate, that is to say, a damp above 80° F. · climate with considerable fog. But the mation as to capacity is not recent, since same thing can be truly said of the That the climate of the Aleutians is charts of that area are novl treated as confi­ dential and are not open to the public. British Isles and of many other places not completely inhospitable for human However, in June 1940, our press reported that in the world which are exposed to the beings is attested by the fact that when the major units of our tleet in the Hawaiians sea. One might even say that the coasts Alaska was discovered by the Russians in were at Lahaina Roads and not at Pearl Har­ of Washington and Oregon have the ad- 1741, more than two centuries ago, a~- bor, so that Pearl Harbor capacity ID!lY not 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6813 have been greatly Increased. The entrance men and dozens and dozens of ships and man from Alaska for some time, and I am to each of the Aleutian harbors is narrow airplanes into this area and seized it here today to hear the gentleman's enough (the Unalaska group one-half to 2 miles, Bay of Waterfalls 3Yz miles, Constan­ with such force that they have been able speech. Of course, it is dangerous for a tine 1 mile, Kiska 2 miles) to be readily to hold it up until the present moment layman to attempt to controvert a posi­ mined and defended against submarines, although we have done considerable tion taken by military experts in connec­ while not a single mid-Pacific island under bombing from the air against their tion with our fighting forces, but does the ou:: flag south of the Aleutians has a harbor installations, and within the last two or gentleman think that with the air forces that answers fleet requirements as to both three days they have been fiercely as­ and the vessels available at this time a sire and defensibility. Pearl Harbor, Pago saulted by our Navy vessels. So, who­ successful attack can now be made? Pago, and Guam are much too small to ac­ commodate a large force of warships and its ever is in possession of Kiska-and Kiska Mr. DIMOND. To answer the distin­ train of lesser vessels, and Lahaina is an open has really a fine harbor, one of the finest guished gentleman from Alabama, may I ror.dstead betwen the islands of Maui, Molo­ natural harbors in the world, and as say that I have no doubt that we have kai, Lanai, and Kahoolawe. pointed out by Mr. Goldsborough, it is somewhere the power necessary to drive much larger and much more commodious the Japanese out of the Aleutians. I recall distinctly that one of the than Pearl Harbor in the Hawaiian Mr. PATRICK. We are involved in smaller islands is known to some who Islands-is on the direct route between visited that region as the Golf Course, the Solomon Islands right now. the United States and Japan, and, also, Mr. DIMOND. We are involved in because there is on that island a con­ these islands lie on the route we would many places, but we must have the power siderable area that is as level as any naturally take if we sought to send any floor. available. The President announced substantial amount of supplies to Russia. some time ago that we have 4~000,000 men Mr. GATHINGS. Will the gentleman So if the question is asked as to under arms. The distinguished gentle­ point that out on the map? whether these islands have any strategic man from Pennsylvania not so very long Mr. DIMOND. Mr. Speaker, I have importance, I can answer only in the ago-just today in the House-estimated brought here a map of this area which words that were uttered by a naval offi­ the number to be 4,500,000. The Presi­ gives a truer representation of the Aleu­ cer, as I am informed, to some newspaper dent also announced-and this is the only tian Islands and the North Pacific gen­ and .radio correspondent, "Well, you look reason I repeat it-that our production erally than can be found on. any ordi­ at the map and decide for yourselves of airplanes for a single month was 4,000. nary map that may be found in an atlas. whether they have any strategic impor­ Although, as we all know, we were not This is known, according to the words tance." If common sense means any­ prepared at all for the war, or for any printed on it as "Transverse polyconic thing it means that the seizure and hold­ war, with this substantial and growing projection'' of the North Pacific region. ing of Kiska, Attu, and Agattu Islands power I respectfully suggest-and that is This map gives, on a flat surface, the best by the Japanese are of the highest stra­ all I do-that more attention should be and most accurate representation that tegic importance and may be a serious given to the threat which is now pointed can be given of the curved surface of the factor in the war which is only now just at us, a threat not only to Alaska but to earth in that area. It is not practicable begun and for which we were so poorly all the people of the country, in the pos­ to bring a globe into the House and point prepared. session by the Japanese of these Aleutian out the various features to the Members, Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Islands. When I say this I am not criti­ and this map or chart is the best substi­ Speaker, will the gentleman yield? cizing the Army or the Navy, but I ear- . tute. Now here is the island that is Mr. DIMOND. I yield to the gentle­ n~stly urge the sound reasons for drivin~ called the Golf Course. man. the enemy out of the Aleutians now, be­ You will see from an inspection of this Mr. SMITH of Washington. Is it not ·fore they have a chance to augment and map that the direct and short line be­ a fact also that those islands being in consolidate their forces there. tween the west coast of the United States the possession of Japan is certainly a The high importance of the Aleutians and the Empire of Japan goes directly menace to Alaska? will be disclosed only by the examination through the Aleutian Islands. If we Mr. DIMOND. Oh, unquestionably so, of that area on a globe, or on such a map proceed by the shortest route from the because Kiska Island is less than 600 as you now see before you here. While, city of Seattle to Yokohama, which is the miles from Dutch Harbor, and an accu­ as I said, there is necessarily some distor­ great port of Japan and very near to mulation of power by the enemy at Kiska tion on this map, it is not nearly so great Tokyo, one would enter the Bering Sea might, in case of a surprise attack, con­ as is the case with most other maps, par­ at the eastern end of the Aleutian ceivably endanger or lose us Dutch Har­ ticularly the mercator projection, which Islands and would come out of the Bering bor. Surprise means almost everything, envisions the world as a cylinder and not Sea just west of the island of Kiska, as witness what happened on December 7 as a sphere. which has been seized and held by the last at Pearl Harbor. It has been said From this map, and still better, from a Japanese. that the Japanese have little power there. globe, it will be seen that the short air The SPEAKER pro tempore. The The Navy has said that the indications line between the United States and the time of the Delegate from Alaska has are they have not over 10,000 men, but I central part of Russia passes through expired. have here some newspaper articles writ­ Alaska and northern Siberia. From Se­ Mr. GATHINGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask ten by Keith Wheeler, to which I shall attle to Dutch Harbor the distance is unanimous consent that the gentleman's refer later. about 1,900 miles, and from Dutch Har­ time be extended 5 additional minutes. Mr. SMITH of Washington. Does the bor to. Tokyo, about 2,800 miles; but if The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there gentleman agree with the statement that one should go from Tokyo to any point objection? was made many years ago by the late la­ on the western part of the United States There was no objection. mented Gen. Billy Mitchell that whoever by way of the Hawaiian Islands, the dis­ Mr. SMITH of Washington. Will the possesses Alaska possesses the most stra­ tance necessary to be traversed would be gentleman yield? tegic point in the world? Does the gen­ approximately 6,300 miles, or 1,500 miles Mr. DIMOND. I yield. tleman think that General Mitchell was farther than the Great Circle route Mr. SMITH of Washington. Is it not right about that? through the Aleutians. a fact that that is an important link in Mr. DIMOND. Mr. Speaker, not onlY If, in modern warfare, the aim of a our supply line to Russia? The Aleutian do I think the late great General Mitchell successful commander is to use the short, Islands are absolutely on the direct sup­ was correct in that, just as he was about interior line, and thus to bring to bear ply line to Russia. the supremacy of air power, which every­ at the point of contact the superior force, Mr. DIMOND. The gentleman is ab­ body now is willing to admit, but I have then it must be obvious tha'· Alaska, with solutely correct, but to finish the sen­ cited him as authority on many, many its Aleutian Islands, is the most vital, tence I was attempting to complete when occasions. strategic area in this war between the my time expired, when one reflects upon Mr. PATRICK. Mr. Speaker, will the United States and Japan. That must the fact that Kiska lies a little south of gentleman yield? have been the view of the Japanese in the shortest line between the northern Mr. DIMOND. I yield to the gentleman 1922 when, at their insistence, there was part of the coast of the United States from Alabama. incorporated in the Treaty of Limitation and Tokyo, one can readily understand Mr. PATRICK. As the gentleman of Naval Armament, signed on February why the Japanese put their thousands of knows, I have been following the gentle- 6, 1922, a provision that we might put no 6814- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE AUGUST 10- fortifications or naval bases anywhere in northern part of the northern hemi­ It must be evident that when shore .. the Aleutians. They insisted upon that sphere-that whole area surrounding the based combat planes of the Japanese provision in the treaty and we agreed to Arctic Ocean-attains, by the indisput­ come off Kiska Island to fight the Amer­ it. It must have been with some such able facts of geography, an importance ican planes, some sort of ~anding field thought in mind-that is, the outstand­ - never even suspected before, when we de .. . must already have been established on ing strategic importance of Alaska and pended for transportation upon the sea Kiska. Further on Mr. ·wheeler men .. the Aleutians in the current war-that and the land. tions land-based observation and fighter impelled the Japanese to run the risk of The strate&ists know, indeed, we all aircraft of the Japanese in the sky over seizing Kiska, Attu, and Agattu and es­ realize, that we are not going to beat these islands, and he reports that on one tablishing themselves there. Jat:an until we carry the war to Japan it­ occasion Kiska Harbor held 5 heavy A glance at the map will show that self, and that defensive operations alone cruisers, 2 light cruisers, 10 destroyers, 2 whoever controls the Aleutians has a can lead to nothing but stalemate or de­ submarines, 9 cargo and transport ves­ strangJe hold on Bering Sea and may feat. In view of all these circumstances sels, and a dozen Kawanishi flying boats, have a strangle hold on an traffic which it is amazing that a more vigorous effort and-this is equally important-that is sought to be carried between Alaska has pot been made to eject the Japanese other ships were ..;igbted arriVing from and Russia. After all, it is only 54 miles from the Aleutians, particularly from the south. If, n.s thought by some, this acroDS Bering Strait, and anyone who is Kiska, where they have the advantage of occupation of Kiska, Attu, and Agattu, familiar with conditions in that northern a good natural harbor and sufficient level by the Japanese is only a face-saving region must be certain that the day is not land available for an airfield. The na­ gesture, it must be admitted that it is at far distant that the fiow of air-borne ture of the Japanese operations at Kiska least a powerful gesture and that up until traffic between the United States and and Attu has been revealed to us in a se­ the present moment, so far as we know, Canada on one side and Russia and rial article written by Mr. Keith Wheeler, we have not provided enough power to China on the other, will pass through copyright by Chicago Times, Inc., appear­ drive the enemy out. Alat~~ka over or near Bering Strait, and ing in a number of newspapers, including It is said that in the fog and the wind thence west and south into Russia and the \Vashington Evening Star. The serial and the rain it is difficult to fly in the China. article appeared in the Star commencing Aleutians and to operate there. Every Long, long ago, the importance of with the issue of .July 19 and continuing possible change is rung upon that theme. Alaska in any contest between the United for a week or more. From the issues of Yet, it appears that it must be equally­ States and Japan was seen and forecast July 19 and July 20, 1942, I quote the fol­ difficult to :fiy or to operate in the North by that strange genius, Gen. Homer Lea. lowing: Atlantic between Lands End and Halifax. In his book entitled "The Valor of Igno­ The Japanese are moving into these waters It must be equally difficult to ·fly and to rance," in which he prophesied the taking with as heavy a concentration of combat operate in the Scapa Flow region which over of the Philippines by Japan, and the ships, transports, and .aircraft as they have . was for years the headquarters of the exact route of the invading forces, with a assembled anywhere but at Midway. Their British Fleet. Many, many commenta­ cruisers and destroyers and two or more tors have pointed out that the Japanese, startling foreca.•t of almost the exact aircraft carriers provided for this show grope length of time that would be required to too, must operate in the Aleutian fogs. about in the eternal fogs, waiting forth~ time take the city of Manila, General Lea While there can be no doubt as to the to shoot the works. • • • prevalence of fog in the Aleutian area, · turned his attention for a moment to Attu, formerly inhabited by one Aleut In­ Alaska and has this to say: dian fox farmer, had suddenly become popu­ it is clearly not so thick, or so terrible, or so permanent that aircraft is unable to As the control of the South Pacific is de­ lous. Many landing boats were drawn up on termined by a proper nayal utilization of the beach and tents ""Jere pitched on the operate. In fact, our aircraft, as well as Pago_ Pago, so 1s the na-val dominion of the tundra shore. the Japanese aircraft, do operate there. north Paclftc determ• et.. by the possession of By night the bombers noted evidence the The tale of the heroism and the valor and Alaska, and the strategic positions of the· Japs planned a permanent occupation. Attu the persistence of our flyers in their fight­ harbors on the peninsula. As far as this showed Lgns of construction work and shore­ ing in that region has never been sur­ Republic is concerned, Alaska is as insular based Nakajima 97 fighters rose from Kiska passed in all the world. It is a bright as the Philippines, and sovereignty over it is to meet the American craft. The harbor was page, indeed, in the history of our mili­ determined by the same factors (pages 197- empty of ships that night, but next day they tary operations, and we can all well be 199). came back, appearing in increasing numbers throughout the daylight hours. proud of it. The only sad part is that we It seems somewhat singular that in our By night Kiska's harbor held 5 heavy cruis­ did not provide a larger and a mor-e suit­ desire to give aid to Russia against the ers, 2 light cruisers, 10 destroyers, 2 submar­ able force. After all, the PBY's, o1· Cat­ German invader we have not sought to ines, 9 eargo and transport vessels, and a alina fiying boats, are scarcely suited route that aid westerly instead of east­ dozen Kawanishi :Dying boats, seap~ane, and for combat operations. erly. Up until the present moment, we la::1d-based observation and fighter aircraft Our military pilots should be given haunted the murky sky. Other ships were plenty of training and experience in have sent our ships, under convoy, sighted arriving from the south. • • • through the hazardous North Atlantic The fortress bombers, 'Vorking over the har­ fiying in fog and other adverse weather and the Arctic Ocean to Murmansk. Ac­ bor, discovered stlll more evidence of a per­ conditions before being assigned to com­ cording to reports, the fate of some of manent establishment when ack-ack fire from bat serVice in the Aleutians. A job those convoys is lamentable indeed. It the ships got support from gun emplacements which would be relatively easy, so far as should be remembered that it is approxi­ on the hills. the flying is concerned, for pilots like mately 4,000 miles in direct line from those in civilian transport service in It is evident from Mr. Wheeler's arti­ Alaska, might be confusing and almost New York City to Murmansk. It is al­ cle, which must have been passed by the most the same distance from the city of terrifying to those without --such train­ military censor, that the Japanese have ing. Pllots who have been taught to flY Nome to Moscow. In this connection it moved into the Aleutian Islands to stay. is worthy of note that the Russians have in southern California, or in Texas, or in What Mr. Wheeler says fully justifies the some other midcontinent area where fog successfully established a summer sea first reports that came to me that there route along the northern coast of Siberia is rare and rain seldom falls, and who were 25,000 Japanese troops in the for the safety of equipment as well as and through Bering Strait. If we drive islands, although the only Navy an­ the Japanese out of the Aleutians, which nouncement on the subject indicates that their own safety are required to remain we should have done weeks ago, and their number does not exceed 10,000. It on the ground in unfavorable weather, which we ought to do tomorrow at the will be noted that Mr. Wheeler says the may find it difficult to fiy in any area latest, and thus make Bering Sea an Japanese are moving into these waters where fog is prevalent as in the Aleu­ American lake, it would be much safer with as heavy a concentration of combat tians. All military and naval pilots and almost as speedy to route our sup­ ships, transports, and aircraft as they should be given an intensive course of plies during the summer months to Rus­ have assembled anywhere but at Midway; training in flying in fog, and rain, and sia through Bering Sea and Bering Strait that they evidently plan a PJrmanent wind in northwestern parts of the and along the north _coast of Siberia, to occupation; that signs of construction United States on the coast or in Alaska one of the great rivers that penetrate into work were seen at Attu, and that shore­ before they are ordered to fight and fiy the interior, like the Lena or the Ob. based Nakajima 97 fighters rose from in the Aleutian area. The civilian pilots With the development of air power, the Kiska to meet the American aircraft. in Alaska have no difficulty in fiying 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6815 practically every day of the year because war by air at least to Japan itself. considerable military force in Alaska will they are familiar with the climate and There ought not be any dispute about vastly increase the amount of oil and most of them with the terrain. In any the strategy of that action. gasoline used there. event they find no hardship and no difii­ As long as Japan lies in our straight There is one particular area in Alaska culty in flying in ordinary fog condi­ path between the United States and north of the Arctic Circle and bordering tions, particularly where th~y are over Petropavlovsk by holding on to Kiska, on the Arctic coast where petroleum is the sea and can thus fly close to the Attu, and Agattu Islands, we will have assumed to exist in considerable quanti­ surface of the ocean. What is needed difiiculty in bringing to the Rusians the ties, although completely undeveloped. I ls plenty and plenty of training on the relief that they may sorely need. Again, believe it would be highly advisable to im­ part.of the pilots before they are put into the stubborn facts relative to the geo­ mmanagement of the drilled, the refinery capacity is being in­ Fish and Wildlife Service, the number creased, and a short pipe line is being in­ of both these nations are realists, it stalled to bring the oil across to the location must be sufficiently obvious that peace is steadily increasing. Approximately of the Alaska highway. between them will last only as long a~ 60,000 pelts of seals are taken from the both consider it advantageous to have islands every year. The value of the out­ The short pipe line mentioned by Mr. that peace continue. It must be plain put is something more than $1,000,000 Howe, if it comes to the nearest point on that the Russians are able to restrain annually. The seals constitute a sub­ the highway to Alaska now under con.:. their admiration for the Japanese, and stantial resource and, of course, should struction, at or near Whitehorse, will be that the Japanese feel the same way the islands be in the possession of the more than 450 miles long.· But the oil toward the Russians. Moreover, there Japanese for any one season, the seals which may be piped from the Fort Nor­ must be a bit of uneasiness on the part could be all but exterminated. The man field to the nearest point on the of the high command of the Japanese in furs, as well as the flesh and oil, would Alaska highway will still be approxi­ having a po~ential hostile air base at be extremely useful to any nation like the mately 600 miles from Fairbanks, in the Vladivostock within 700 miles of Tokyo. Japanese. center of Alaska, which is also the head Relations between the Japanese and the The Pribilof Islands lie about 200 miles of the Alaska Railroad. I suggest that Russians remind me of the story · of a slightly west of north from Dutch Har­ it would be much more to our advantage witty and cynical Frenchman whose bor and a little farther from the main­ to attempt to develop our own field in nephew was to be married. The uncle land of Alaska. It is almost inconceiv­ northern Alaska, or other fields in the said, "My boy, you must remember that able that we would calmly submit to hav­ southern part of the Territory. Even in every marriage one of the parties is ing the islands in the possession of an from the northern Alaska field a pipe line always taken in; you should try to be enemy, but ~ t is evident that our ow:t to Fairbanks, Alaska, would be little the other party." In the treaty of peace sovereignty is somewhat tenuous because longer than the one from · the Fort Nor­ and neutrality made between Japan and we are not even sure whether the Jap­ man oil field to Whitehorse. Russia some time ago, it seems highly anese are there or not. I ~ is truly a sin­ The bringing into Alaska of oil from probable that one of the parties was gular condition and would seem to indi­ Canada without any attempt to develop taken in. Evidently each of them cate the need for a substantial increase our own internal source of supply would thinks it was the other part:y who was in our naval and military power in be regrettable. However, if it is deter­ so taken in. Time will doubtless dis­ Alaska. mined to make use of the Fort Norman close which one is correct. In any To carry on any work in Alaska, either oil, then, by all means, the pipe line to event, according to strategists of high of a commercial or a military nature, supply Alaska should go directly from and low degree, and even to people like ~110ng the prime requisites are petroleum Fort Norman to Fairbanks, a distance of myself, who claim to possess only com­ and petroleum products. While there about 670 miles. Oil in Fairbanks will mon sense, it seems highly likely that are a number vf potential oil areas in be in the principal center of distribution the year will not close without an at­ Alaska, none has been developed, except for Alaska and can be transported to tack ·upon Siberia by Japan, with a view a very small area near Katana where sev­ other places needed over the Alaska Rail­ of engulfing all of the eastern part of eral shallow wells have been drilled, but road and the Richardson Highway and by that area clear up to Bering Strait, par­ the output is insignificant. It would the Yukon River to the Bering Sea coast. ticularly Kamchatka Peninsula, as well seem the part of wisdom, in view of the Although the distance between Fort Nor­ as the interior shores of Okhotsk Sea. strategic consequence of Alaska, to man and Fairbanks is greater than the Strategy of high and low degree, as well promptly drill and attempt to develop distance between Fort Norman and the as common sense likewise di::tate to us one or more of these potential oil areas. nearest point on the Alaska highway at that we should not sit idly b~7 and per­ At the present time all oil and gasoline Whitehorse, the country through which mit Japan to thus make herself our and kindred products must be brought the pipe line would be laid to Fairbanks close and next-door neighbor, and that into Alaska from the States, and as a is much more suitable for pipe-line con­ to prevent it; we should exert every practical matter it must all go by sea. struction than is the other area between power that we possess, not only to drive The shortage of shipping is a serious fac­ Fort Norman and Whitehorse. The the Japanese out of eastern Siberia, but tor in the supply of Alaska with petro­ Rocky Mountains become lower as the from that vantage point to carry the leum products. We all ~n.ow that any Arctic coast is approached, and a low and 6816 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE AUGUST 10 easy route could readily be found between journed until Thursday, August 13, 1942, for printing and reference to the proper Fort Norman and Fairbanks, whereas to at 12 o'clock noon. calendar, as follows: bring a pipe line from Fort Norman to Mr. LESINSKI: Committee on Invalid Pen­ Whitehorse would involve the crossing of EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. sions. H. R. 7482. A bill granting increase high mountains and result in expensive Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, executive of pensions to certain dependents of veterans construction difficult to maintain. communications were taken from the of the Civil War; with amendment (Rept. Venturing again into the field of strat­ No. 2394). Referred to the Committee of the Speaker's table and referred as follows: Whole House. egy and basing what I have to say upon 1845. A letter from the Secretary of War, the promptings of common sense and transmitting in accordance with section 20 understanding, I join with practically of Public Law 607, Seventy-seventh Congress, CHANGE OF REFERENCE everyone else in Alaska who is familiar a report of the Army of the United States for Under clause 2 of ru!e XXII, the Com­ with conditions there in suggesting that the 60 days beginning June 1, 1942; to the mittee on Pensions was discharged from there ought to be a really unified com­ Committee on Military Affairs. the consideration of the bill (H. R. 7392) mand of all our forces in Alaska, 1846. A letter from the Archivist of the granting an increase of pension to whether operating on tha land or on the Unit ed St ates, transmitting in compliance with the provisions of section 3 of an act to George Bunch, and the same was re­ sea or in the air. The advantages which provide for the disposal of certain records of ferred to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ will accrue from a truly unified com­ the Uniteid States Government, approved sions. mand ought to be so plainly obvious as August 5, 1939 (53 Stat. 1219-1221), herewith to need no supporting argument. A few list of papers, consisting of 199 items; to the PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS days ago announcement was made that Committee on the Disposition of Executive the command iu the Aleutians had been Papers. Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public unified. While that action is admirable, 1847. A letter from the District of Colum­ bills and resolutions were introduced and so far as it goes, it is, after all, only one bia Board of Commissioners, transmitting severally referred as follows: of those half measures or quarter meas­ a draft of a proposed bill to amend an act By Mr. BLAND: entitled "An act to create a board for the H. R. 7481. A bill to provide that the fund ures which may give false confidence condemnation of insanitary buildings in the without really remedying the evil aimed for the relief of sick and disabled and desti­ District of Columbia, and for other pur­ tute seamen belonging to the United States at. poses,'' approved May 1, 1906, as amended, merchant marine service shall also be for the The Aleutian area is not militarily to the Committee on the District of Co­ relief of sick, disabled, des'titute, or needy self-supporting. Whatever forces are lumbia. dependents of deceased seamen, and for used in that region must be brought in 1848. A letter from the Archivist of the other purposes; to the Committee on the United States, transmitting lists of papers Merchant Marine and Fisheries. from elsewhere, and most of those forces recommended by him for disposal by certain will naturally come in from the Alaska By Mr. WHELCHEL: agencies of the Federal Government; to the H. J. Res. 341. Joint resolution to provide mainland. In order to give real virtue Committee on the Disposition of Executive that gasoline shall not be rationed in the and effect to unified command of forces Papers. State of Georgia, and other States working used in the Aleutians, it is necessary, 1849. A letter from the Acting Secretary of under like handicap; to the Committee on absolutely necessary, to go much further the Navy Forrestal, transmitting a draft of Banking anC: Currency. and provide a unified command for at a proposed bill to amend the act entitled "An act to expedite national defense, and least all the forces of the Territory of PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Alaska. Only thus can the Army and for other purposes," approved June 28, 1940 (54 Stat. 676), and title IV of the Naval Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private Navy and Air Force work and fight to Appropriation Act for the fiscal year 1941. greatest advantage and with greatest approved September 9, 1940 (54 Stat. 883); bills and resolutions were introduced and striking power. to the Committee on Naval Affairs. severally referred as follows: What is said here is not offered in 1850. A letter from the Attorney General, By Mr. LESINSKI: transmitting a draft of a proposed bill to H. R. 7482. A bill granting an increase of criticism of any Army or Navy or Air permit prosecutions after the lapse of a tem­ pensions to certain dependents of veterans Force officer in Alaska. So far as I am porary statute for offenses committed prior of the Civil War; to the Committee on In­ aware, the commanding officers of the to its expiration; to the Committee on the valid Pensions. services are highly competent, but I Judiciary. . By Mr. WADSWORTH: know, as everyone knows, t'l1at there can 1851. A letter from the Acting Secretary of H. R. 7483. A bill for the relief of Hugh M. be no such high degree of cooperation the Navy, transmitting a draft of a proposed Gregory; to the Committee on Claims. among the various divided branches of bill to expedite the prosecution of the war; to the Committee on Naval Affairs. the services as they exist at present as PETITIONS, ETC. would be the case if we had a completely 1 XXII, REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC Under clause of rule petitions unified command, with all power over all and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk branches in the services in that com­ BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS and referred as follows: mand, so that all our forces fighting in Under clause 2 of l. ule XIII, reports of that region would work and operate and 3288. By Mr. GRAHAM: Petition of 109 committees were delivered to the Clerk members of the Epworth Methodist Church fight as a unit, and thus bring the sue~ for printing and reference to the proper and Sunday School of New Castle, Lawrence cess for which we all so ardently hope. calendar, as follows: County, Pa., urging legislation which ·will [Here the gavel fell.] Mr. JARMAN: Committee · on Printing. remove alcoholic liquor and vice from around Mr. DIMOND. Mr. Speaker, I ask House Concurrent Resolution 80. COncurrent and in the training camps of the armed unanimous consent to revise and extend resolution authorizing the printing of addi­ forces of our country, and especially the tional copies of House Report No. 2333, cur­ passage of the Sheppard bill (S. 860); to the the remarks I have just made and to Committee on Military Affairs . . include therein some brief excerpts from rent session, on the bill entitled "To provide revenue, and for other purposes"; with 3289. By Mr. LAl\ffiERTSON: Petition of documents. amendment (Rept. No. 2392). Referred to Mrs. C. C. Webb, of Highla.ad, .8:ans., and 156 The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there the House Calendar. pthers, requesting eradication of the vice and objection to the request of the Delegate Mr. JARMAN: · Committee on Printing: liquor from our Army camps and their sur­ from Alaska? House Resolution 512. Resolution authoriz­ roundings; if this can be accomplished only There was no objection. ing the printing of the manuscript of an ar­ by national prohibition, we insist that the ticle showing that the vote cast by Congress­ President of these United States declare na­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS man Matthew Lyon, of Vermont, was the de­ tional prohibition for the duration o~ the ciding factor in the election of Thomas Jeffer­ war; to the Committee on Military Affairs.