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Handbook of Liverworts and Hornworts of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands

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Handbook of Liverworts and Hornworts of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands INSTITUT D'ESTUDIS CATALANS SECCI6 DE CIENCIES BIOLOGIQUES CREUCASAS MONTSERRAT BRUGUES ROSAM. CROS CECILIA SERGIO MARTA INFANTE HANDBOOK OF LIVERWORTS AND HORNWORTS OF THE IBERIAN PENINSULA AND THE BALEARIC ISLANDS ILLUSTRATED KEYS TO GENERA AND SPECIES Illustrations: ANNABARR6N Translation into English: ELENA RUIZ Revision of the English text: ALAN ROY PERRY BARCELONA 2009 Biblioteca de Catalunya. Dades CIP Handbook of liverworts and hornworts of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands : illustrated keys to genera and species fndex ISBN 9788492583553 L Casas, Creu II. Ruiz, Elena (Ruiz Molero ), trad. Ill. lnstitut d'Estudis Catalans. Secci6 de Ciencies Biologiques 1. Hepatiques - Penfnsula Iberica 2. Hepatiques - Balears 3. Antocerotes - Penfnsula Iberica 4. Antocerotes - Balears 582.32(46) Professor Creu Casas, member of the Biological Sciences Section of the Institute of Catalan Studies since 1978, became an emeritus member of this Institute in 1990. © Institut d'Estudis Catalans 2009 Carrer del Carme, 47. 08001 Barcelona First published: July 2009 Print run: 500 copies Typesetting by Victor Igual, SL Carrer de Mallorca, 374. 08013 Barcelona Printed at Limpegraf SL, Polfgon industrial Can Salvatella. Carrer de Mogoda, 29-31. 08210 Barbera del Valles ISBN: 978-84-92583-55-3 Legal Deposit: B. 28173 -2009 No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in an retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the written permission of the copyright holder. Our colleague, Dr Creu Casas, passed away on 20 May 2007. The remaining authors and collaborators, having now completed this work to which she gave so much of her enthusiasm and dedication, hope the result is what she would have wished. CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 9 INTRODUCTION 11 PRACTICAL INSTRUCTIONS 13 ARTIFICIAL KEY TO GENERA 15 CLASS MARCHANTIOPSIDA 27 Order Marchantiales 27 Family Targioniaceae: Targionia 27 Family Aytoniaceae: Plagiochasma, Reboulia, Mannia, Asterella 28 Family Conocephalaceae: Conocephalum 32 Family Lunulariaceae: Lunularia 34 Family Cleveaceae: Athalamia 34 Family Marchantiaceae: Preissia, Marchantia, Dumortiera 35 Family Exormothecaceae: Exormotheca 37 Family Corsiniaceae: Corsinia 38 Family Oxymitraceae: Oxymitra 38 Family Ricciaceae: Ricciocarpos, Riccia 40 Order Sphaerocarpales 54 Family Riellaceae: Riella 54 Family Sphaerocarpaceae: Sphaerocarpos 54 Order Metzgeriales 56 Family Metzgeriaceae: M etzgeria, Apometzgeria 56 Family Aneuraceae: Aneura, Cryptothallus, Riccardia 58 Family Pelliaceae: Pellia 63 Family Pallaviciniaceae: Pallavicinia, Moerckia 63 Family Blasiaceae: Blasia 65 Family Fossombroniaceae: Fossombronia, Petalophyllum 65 Order Calobryales 69 Family Haplomitriaceae: H aplomitrium 69 Order Jungermanniales 69 Family Lophoziaceae: Tetralophozia, Barbilophozia, Anastrepta, Lophozia, Gymnocolea, Anastrophyllum, Tritomaria, ]amesoniella 69 Family Jungermanniaceae: Mylia,jungermannia, Nardia 83 8 HANDBOOK OF LIVERWORTS Family Gymnomitriaceae: Marsupella, Gymnomitrion 93 Family Arnelliaceae: Southbya, Gongylanthus 96 Family Plagiochilaceae: Pedinophyllum, Plagiochila 98 Family Geocalycaceae: Lophocolea, Chiloscyphus, Geocalyx, Harpanthus, Saccogyna 100 Family Scapaniaceae: Diplophyllum, Douinia, Scapania 105 Family Adelanthaceae: Adelanthus 116 Family Cephaloziellaceae: Cephaloziella 116 Family Cephaloziaceae: Cephalozia, Nowellia, Cladopodiella, Pleurocladula, Odontoschisma 121 Family Antheliaceae: Anthelia 126 Family Lepidoziaceae: Telaranea, Kurzia, Lepidozia, Bazzania 128 Family Calypogeiaceae: Calypogeia 133 Family Pseudolepicoleaceae: Blepharostoma 136 Family Trichocoleaceae: Trichocolea 136 Family Ptilidiaceae: Ptilidium 138 Family Radulaceae: Radula 138 Family Porellaceae: Porella 140 Family Frullaniaceae: Frullania 142 Family Jubulaceae: ]ubula 146 Family Lejeuneaceae: Marchesinia, Drepanolejeunea, Harpalejeunea, Lejeunea, Microlejeunea, Cololejeunea, Aphanolejeunea 147 CLASS ANTHOCEROTOPSIDA 154 Order Anthocerotales 154 Family Anthocerotaceae: Anthoceros 156 Order N otothyladales 156 Family Notothyladaceae: Phaeoceros 156 Order Phymatocerotales 156 Family Phymatocerotaceae: Phymatoceros 156 GLOSSARY 159 COLLECTION, IDENTIFICATION AND PRESERVATION OF BRYOPHYTES 171 INDEX 173 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Some specimens in the BCB Herbarium have been revised by specialist bryologists: for their valuable help we express our gratitude to J. Va:Oa and R. Schumacker. A. Sotiaux, L. Thouvenot, R. Oliva and J. Chavoutier kindly offered their samples. The Keepers and Curators of the following herbaria are thanked: FCO, G, GDAC, MA, MACB, MGC, MUB, NAU, PC, VAB. We would like to thank J. Vigo very much for the interest he has shown in the development and improvement of the project "Flora i Cartografia de les Plantes i la Vegetaci6" of the Institut d'Estudis Catalans, to which our work belongs. INTRODUCTION The present book, devoted to liverworts and hornworts of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands, has its basis in volume II, Hepatiques i antocerotes, of Flora dels Briofits dels Paisos Catalans (2004). By adding about 28% more species we were able to cover all the hepatics of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. We were thus encouraged to prepare this work, for which C. Sergio and M. Infante joined the team of authors, and we counted on the collaboration of A.R. Perry, E. Ruiz and A. Barron not only in their respective tasks of translation and illustration but also in the revision of texts and keys. This handbook comprises identification keys to generic and specific level with corresponding illustrations. The keys are for the use of botanists, students, excursionists and people generally keen on bryology. It is not only of special interest to local people but to foreigners collecting in our area of study, and for the latter we thought that an English version would make its use easier. At the present time there is no updated flora for identification of hepatics in the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. "Sinopse das Bri6fitas de Portugal" (Machado, 1925) published in Boletim da Sociedade Broteriana and Flora Iberica, Bri6fitas (r parte) Hepaticas (Casares-Gil, 1919) published by Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales are both very important works but now somewhat outdated. The study area for the present work is located in the extreme southwest of Europe and includes the Iberian Peninsula (peninsular Spain, Portugal and Andorra), and the Balearic Islands. Biogeographically it covers the Mediterranean and Eurosiberian regions (Fig. 1). There is a noteworthy climate variability and a wide range of altitudes from sea level to summits over 3000 m in the Pyrenees and Sierra Nevada, as well as a rich diversity of soil types. All these circumstances produce very different and often contrasting environments, and, as a consequence, a high bryophyte richness overall. We recognised 286 species, which represent 68% of the European hepatic flora. The illustrations are from those in volume II of Flora dels Brio/its dels Paisos Catalans with further original drawings for most of the species added. The following have been consulted during the preparation of this volume, in addition to the previously mentioned work by A. Casares-Gil (1919): The liverwort flora ofthe British Isles by JA. Paton (1999); The liverworts of Britain and Ireland by A.J.E. Smith (1990); Hepatophyta, Part 1: Marchantiopsida: Marchantiidae by S.M. Perold, in 0.A. Leistner (Ed.) Flora ofSouthern Africa (1999); Identification keys to the liverworts and hornworts ofEurope 12 HANDBOOK OF LIVERWORTS Cantabrrllan Sea = Menorca ~ ·0Mallorca a SPAIN qPithyusic Islands ::: D Eurosiberian Region D Mediterranean Region FIGURE 1. Map of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands, with the mountains cited in the text. and Macaronesia. 2nd ed. by R. Schumacker & J. Vana (2005); Illustrated flora of Nordic Liverworts and Hornworts by K. Damsholt (2002) and "Les Riccia de la region Mediterraneenne", in Cryptogamie, Bryologie Lichenologie, by S. Jovet-Ast (1986). This work together with the Handbook of Mosses of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands (2006 ), also published by Institut d'Estudis Catalans, supply the needed keys for determination of bryophytes of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. PRACTICAL INSTRUCTIONS Determination keys. The artificial key to genera comprises two parts. In the first part, by means of the use of morphological characters, usually of easy interpretation, different groups are delimited. In the second part the genera gathered in these artificial groups are separated. For family classification and order, as well as for most of the generic names and authorities, we followed R. Grolle & D.G. Long ("An annotated check-list of the Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of Europe and Macaronesia", in journal of Bryology, 2000), K.S. Renzaglia et al. ("New insight into morphology, anatomy and systematics of hornworts", in B. Goffinet & A. J. Shaw (Eds.), Bryophyte Biology, 2008) and R.M. Ros et al. ("Hepatics and Anthocerotes of the Mediterranean, an annotated checklist", in Cryptogamie, Bryologie, 2007), except for Leicolea which is included in the genus Lophozia. Genera are arranged alphabetically within each family. Each genus includes a short morphological description referring only to the species that appear in the present work. In monospecific genera the species name follows the description; if plurispecific a key to species is given. We have tried to
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