sign in sign up
<<
Home , Almond bark, Candy corn, Edinburgh rock, Gumdrop, Nougat, Sugar candy

Can dy culture and Crevayti it

Ag in the Classroom Illinois Farm Bureau® 1701 N. Towanda Ave. Bloomington, IL 61701 (309)557-3334 Fax (309)557-2641 www.agintheclassroom.org

Candy College® Library c/o Research & Confection History Library 109-125 South Court Street Robinson, IL 62545 (618)546-1558 or (312)388-0656 Fax (618)546-0182

Illinois Center for Food Safety and Technology 6502 South Archer Road Summit-Argo, IL 60501-1933 (708)563-8271 Fax (708)563-1873 www.foodsafety.iit.edu

FSAT3371CP05/02 Farm Bureau Farm in the Classroom Program of Illinois A teaching unit created by the Illinois Ag and Technology. and the Illinois Center for Food Safety ® , the College

Page

2 C C ®

Library, r ev a culture ay n and brochures. for the lessons, and selected books, videos, Comes From” reference booklet, materials plan booklet, the “Agriculture: Where Candy Culture, and Creativity” kit using this lesson We Lessons in this Booklet Lesson 7: Chocolate History and Lesson 6: Peanut Candy Lesson 5: Make Your Own : Lesson 4: Candy and Food Lesson 3: What’s in a Tootsie Roll Lesson 2: Candy and Cultur Lesson 1: Candy Ingr t d

suggest that you make your own “Candy, i

and y The Story of t i edients ...... Safety e ...... Activities ® ......

Label? ...... Page ...... Page 8 ...... Page 16 Page 14 Page 10 Page 5 Page 3 18 .Second layer 9. 8 Place the whipped topping lid in bottom of flowerpot. 7. Add the creamed mixture and the pudding together. Mix well. 6. Mix together 3 1/2 cups milk, 2-3 oz. Packages vanilla instant pudding, 5. 1 8oz. Package cream cheese Cream together 4 tbs. butter or margarine, 4. 1 package minia- Put aside for later 3/4 lb. Package of gummy worms, 3. package of cookies and set aside Crush one large 2. Line an 8 inch plastic or clay flowerpot with foil. 1. Y Read a book about how chocolate is produced. Chocolate Books A -plastic spoons -airtight container -mixing Spoons -bowls -1 cup boiling water -1 1/2 T. cooking oil -1/2 T. cream of tarter -1/2 cup salt -1/2 cup cocoa powder -1 1/4 cup flour for Chocolate – Scented Play Dough well. When cool, mix with your hands. Store in an airtight container. Mix the dry ingredients. Add oil and boiling water. Stir quickly, mixing 1 cup boiling water 1 1/2 tablespoons cooking oil 1/2 tablespoon cream of tarter 1/2 cup salt 1/2 cup cocoa powder 1 1/4 cup flour Chocolate – Scented Play Dough 11.Enjoy the soil! 10. . ummy, Edible Dirt! CTIVITY smooth it over the cookies. Then mix chocolate chips with half of the creamed pudding mixture and Bottom layer and 12 oz. whipped topping. and 1 cup . ture chocolate chips and some green- colored coconuts peek out of your ‘soil’. Refrigerate over night. the top to through green coconut for “grass” and poke a gummy worm for the top layer!) (Save one worm ding layer and the gummy worms. T op layer O UTLINE

(Topsoil)-Finish with a layer of crushed cookies. Sprinkle

(Subsoil)-Add more crushed cookies, than a creamed pud- (Parent Material)- Begin with a layer of crushed cookies. 1. S Ask the students to research the “Cocoa Belt.” Where is it on your class- 5. .Play “Name That Candybar” by visiting 3. R of currency? (possibly Why do you think cocoa beans become a form 4. Where did chocolatl originate and how it travel to other countries? 3. What types of careers are involved in chocolate production and sales? 2. How is chocolate produced? 1. LEXIS-NEXIS -“Consumption of Selected Ingredients by the U.S. Confectionary Industry,” AmericaCandyBar -“A History of the American Candy Bar,” - -“Teaching with Chocolate,” Terese A. D’Amico D they decide to buy with any leftover beans? female turkey, 3 small rabbits, one turkey egg, and tamale? What would Have students take 400 beans to market. Can they buy 1 male turkey, in cocoa beans. were still being traded. Here is a table showing how much certain items cost Spanish colonists exported the beans to , where as late 1545, they In Ancient Central America, people used Cacao Beans as currency. The .Take an online tour of the Hershey Factory by visiting 2. -“Chocolate Theme,” ChildFun.com - 4. Visit the Field Museum in Chicago or learn about their Visit the Field Museum in Chicago or learn 4. T Bon Appétit Creative Classroom OURCES RADING ELATED ISCUSSION V Cocoa Belt. How much rain do countries in the Belt receive? r because they’re valuable, small, and easy to carry count). en=tamale husks fish wrapped in maize (corn) avocado = turkey egg = small rabbit = rabbit = 1 bean female turkey = 3 beans daily wage of a porter 3 beans male turkey = 3 beans = 30 beans = 100 beans = 100 beans 100 beans 200 beans cr www.kidztown.com/factorytour www.exploratorium.com/exploring/exploring_chocolate/index.html. online at oom globe? What is the average temperature in countries isit an online Exploratorium about Chocolate at osssection/namethatbar A C CTIVITIES OCOA Q www.fieldmuseum.or ® UESTIONS , December 1991, page 200 Statistical B .asp EANS : , September/October 2001, page 47-50 : .html and looking at the candybar cross-sections. g/chocolate/education.html .shtml. ® www.sci.mus.mn.us/sln/tf/c/ www.r Chocolate caphila.or http://

Exhibit g/ LESSON 1 - Candy Ingredients LESSON 7 - Chocolate History and Activities

A LESSON ABOUT THE PRODUCTION, SMELL, AND TASTE OF -“No- Peanut” teachers kit for grades 3-5, American Peanut Council CANDY INGREDIENTS. OTHER RESOURCES -The American Peanut Council:www.peanutsusa.or g.uk/ Subjects: Science, Social Studies, Nutrition, Language Arts, -The Peanut Institute: www.peanut-institute.org Fine Arts A LOOK AT HOW CHOCOLATE GROWS AND CHOCOLATE Illinois Learning Standards: 3.A.2; 3.B.2a; 3.B.2b; 3.B.2c; 3.B.2d; HISTORY . 3.C.2a; 3.C.2b; 4.B.2a; 5.A.2a; 5.A.2b; 5.B.2a; 5.B.2b; 5.C.2a; 4. Ask the students to write down how their ingredients will be transported to 5.C.2b; 12.A.2a; 12.B.2a; 12.B.2b; 13.B.2a; 13.B.2b; 13.B.2c; the United States. You may want to use the information in the 13.B.2e; 15.A.2a; 15.D.2a; 16.A.2a; 16.A.2c; 16.C.2b(US); Subjects: Math, Science, Social Studies “Introduction” part of this lesson for the students to refer to for exports. 16.D.2c(US); 16.E.2b(W); 17.A.2a; 17.A.2b; 17.B.2a; 17.C.2b; Cacao flowers on the cacao trees are pollinated by midges, which are tiny 5. Ask the students to draw a flow chart of the process that the ingredients 18.C.2; 22.a.2b; 23.B.2; 26.B.2b; 26.B.2d; 27.A.2a; 27.B.2 Illinois Learning Standards: 1.A.2a; 6.B.2; 6.C.2a; 7.A.2b; 12.A.2a; flies. They live and breed in the decaying leaves and pods around cacao will go through to be made into candy. 12.B.2a; 12.B.2b; 13.B.2a; 13.B.2b; 13.B.2c; 16.C.2b(W); trees. The midges are only 2-4 millimeters long, but they beat their wings 6. Each student can give a presentation about their candy and how it is made. I 16.E.2b(W); 17.A.2a; 17.A.2b;17.B.2a; 17.C.2a; 17.C.2b; 17.C.2c 1000 times a second. NTRODUCTION: The entire class can vote on their favorite candy from these presentations. Candy ingredients are grown and processed around the world. Illinois agri- ISCUSSION QUESTIONS: Cacao trees have pods, each with 20 to 40 -sized beans. It takes culture accounts for many candy ingredients that may surprise you such as D INTRODUCTION 1. How is Illinois agriculture different than agriculture in other parts of the almost 400 cacao beans to make a pound of chocolate liquor. The pods are corn, , milk, sugar, eggs, and . For more information about Did you know that chocolate means ‘the food of the god’? Theobroma cacao world? (crops, climate, processing, technology) harvested with a machete and then broken apart to retrieve the cacao bean. the sources of candy ingredients, see the accompanying book with this unit is the scientific name for American’s favorite type of candy. ‘Theo’ is a Greek 2. What is an emulsifier? (soy lecithin) The beans then must be fermented, dried, and shipped at chocolate factories “Agriculture: Where Candy Comes From.” word meaning ‘god’, while ‘broma’ means the food of the gods. 3. Why is foreign trade important to the candy industry? in burlap bags. At the chocolate factory, cacao seeds are roasted, cracked, 4. Name three types of nuts used in candy. fanned, winnowed, and then ground into chocolate liquor. Chocolate liquor M 5. Name three types of oils used in candy. Cacao beans were used in a spicy drink (called chocolatl) by the Ancient Az- ATERIALS: is used to make chocolate. Some chocolate liquor is pressed to remove co- tecs. Aztec traders got cacao beans from the Mayan lands and hauled it to -Smell/Taste Testing Materials: , carob chips, carob powder, coa butter and further processing turns it into cocoa powder. R their capital. Since the beans were used for money, warriors had to accom- coconut, , corn oil, , cottonseed oil, eggs, honey, maple ELATED ACTIVITIES: pany the traders to protect them from thieves. When Cortés and his Spanish syrup, milk, , , peanuts, pecans, salt, oil, sugar, 1. Pretend your job is to harvest vanilla trees. Write a story about it. Where To make chocolate, chocolate liquor is mixed with condensed milk, sugar, explorers came to the Aztec capital, they saw Montezuma drinking chocolatl vanilla, would you live? How would you keep the pods from being stolen? and extra till it is a coarse, brown powder. Next it is refined with in gold cups. The Spanish explorers took the spicy drink back to Spain and -Small plates or dishes 2. • The groups of the Food Guide Pyramid are: steel rollers by breaking the crumb mixture into tiny, cocoa, milk, and there loved it. Soon travelers from other European countries took the -“Candy Ingredients From Around the World” World Map Fats, Oils, Sweets particles. Then the mixture is churned into a smooth blend. Then it is tem- chocolate drink back home, people to the drink, and chocolate Milk, Yogurt, & Cheese pered-cooled and warmed for a glossy sheen and to ensure proper melting. became a favorite drink of the upper class. In the late 19 A Meat, Poultry, Fish, Dry Beans, Eggs, & Nuts th century, Rodolphe CTIVITY OUTLINE: Vegetables Lindt invented a conching machine. It squeezed cacao beans and made a Chocolate manufacturers use 40 percent of the world’s almonds, 20 percent Candy Smell Test/Taste Party Fruits smooth chocolate blend. In 1875, Daniel Peter teamed up with Henri Nestle’ of the world’s peanuts and 8 percent of the world’s sugar. Also milk is a key 1. Set up a table of candy ingredients such as nuts, oils, , grains, etc. Bread, Pasta, Rica, & Cereals and they added milk to their chocolate recipes. The popularity of candy bars ingredient in chocolate. 3.5 million pounds of whole milk is used every day to with their labels covered. • Place the following candy ingredients in the groups of the Food Guide grew after World War I. By 1930, there were 40,000 different kinds of candy make chocolate. 2. Ask the students to smell/taste the candy ingredients and guess what they Pyramid: nuts, fruits, milk, butter, cream, mint, corn syrup, molasses, bars. are. You may choose to give the student who gets the most right some honey, soybean oil, eggs, barley, wheat, rice, sorghum, chocolate The U.S. grinds the most cocoa for processing at 438,000 tons. The candy as a prize. 3. Origin of crops: Ask the students to pick a candy ingredient that they Chocolate is a natural product that comes from the cacao beans of the cacao Netherlands and Germany are also leaders. Switzerland consumes the most 3. If you decide to have your students taste candy ingredients, ask them to would like to learn the history of. They should find out the origin of the trees. Cacao trees can only grow in tropical climates- 20 degrees north or chocolate per person: 23 pounds per person each year. The U.S. consumes describe them as salty, sour, bitter, or sweet and chart them. You may ingredient, where it has been planted besides it’s origin, people who were south of the equator. This is referred to as the Cocoa Belt. The most cacao 12 pounds per person each year. In 1998, Americans ate 3.3 billion pounds want to put the ingredients on small plates or dishes for them to taste. involved in transporting the crop, and people who were involved in trees are grown at the Ivory Coast: 1.4 million tons per year. Indonesia is of chocolate. Note: Foods that taste sweet are more easily tasted on the front of the researching the crop. Ask the students to work in groups and write a second with 410,000 tons per year. Other leading cacao tree growing tongue. Salt or sour flavors are tasted mostly on the sides of the tongue. short play about their candy ingredient’s history. (For example, they could countries are Ghana, Nigeria, Brazil, Cameroon, Ecuador, Fernando Po (and M Bitter flavors are tasted on the back of the tongue. The students could write a play about vanilla including the officer of Cortes who noted Aztecs Rio Muni), Dominican Republic, New Guinea, and Mexico. also taste candy that has been made and describe it by it’s texture. (gritty, ATERIALS NEEDED: smooth, crunchy, creamy) You may want to make a chart for your using vanilla in chocolatl, the Spaniards establishing factories to manufac- for Chocolate Books students so they can record their findings about the different flavors. ture chocolate with vanilla flavoring, and vanilla production today.) Here -Cocoa Commotion by Melissa Peterson is a list of ingredients and their origins to get the students started: -The Magic School Bus in the Rain Forest by Joanna Cole Where Does My Candy Come From? Pecans-N. America -Chocolate: Riches from the Rainforest 1. Ask your students to create a candy of their own. It should be something Chocolate-Mexico/Central America they’ve never seen before. (for example: pecans and with honey Vanilla-Mexico/Central America for Yummy, Edible Dirt! and a coating and sprinkles) Peanuts-Eastern Brazil/Amazon Basin Page -8 inch plastic or clay flowerpot 2. Next the students should write a recipe for their candy. What ingredients Soybeans-China -foil will they need? -Southeast Asia -1 large package of Coconut-Southeast Asia 18 ® 3. Ask the students to write down what countries their ingredients come from. Then they should use the world map included in this lesson and -3/4 pound package of gummy worms mark the places where their ingredients will grow. They can create a S -1 package miniature chocolate chips color-coded key and then color the countries as well. For example, if they -green colored coconut OURCES: need vanilla for their candy, they can make vanilla blue in the key and -4 T. butter or margarine -“Agriculture’s Hot Spots,” World Watch, May/June 2000 then color Madagascar blue since that is one place it grows. If you are -1 8 oz. package of cream cheese -1 cup powdered sugar studying longitude and latitude, you may want to have the students write down this information along with their candy ingredient sources. -3 1/2 cups milk -2-3 oz. packages of vanilla pudding -1-12 oz. container of whipped topping -Refrigerator Candy Ingredients from Around the World

Page

4 M peanut oil. -1 box of 10 Ziploc -1 12-oz package of semi-sweet chocolate chips -1 pound (chocolate candy coating) Butter Cups peanuts. Peanuts can be found in such as In 1998, the U.S. industry used 320,304,000 pounds of nut” teachers kit for grades 3-5. (Kellogg information) from the American Peanut Council’s “No-Nut Pea- *Used with permission pound. Exposition in 1904 St. Louis. The peanut treat sold for about six cents per 1895. The world was introduced to peanut butter at the Universal Dr. John Harvey Kellogg applied for the first patent peanut butter in -Books about George Washington-Books about George Carver (see suggestions below) -Pot -Potting soil -Sand -Peanut seed -Waxed paper -1 20-oz can of peanuts -Microwave 5. Cut a corner off the bottom of Ziploc Cut a corner 5. Place waxed paper on a table top. 4. Add one 20-ounce can of peanuts to the bag. Seal bag and mix with 3. Microwave the bag on low under almond bark and chips are melted. 2. A -Paper -Pencils Mr. Goodbar 1. Making Candy with Peanuts a pot allowing for lot of growing room. Be sure to mix some sand with the store to obtain a peanut seed or order one from a catalog. Plant this seed in Y Growing Peanuts Let the clusters harden and enjoy a candy peanut snack! (makes 4-5 6. ou can grow your own peanut plant at home. Visit your local farm supply ou can grow your own peanut plant at home. Visit local farm CTIVITY A TERIALS by Gene Adair, your fingers. EZ-Fill™ bag. Peanut Scientist by Patricia & Frederick McKissak. ton Carver by Barbara Mitchell, and Geor 12-ounce package of semi-sweet chocolate chips in a Ziploc Place one pound of almond bark (chocolate candy coating) and dozen) candy in clusters onto the waxed paper. ge W O N UTLINE ® EEDED ® , Brachs Maple Nut Goodies ashington Carver by Suzanne Coil, , and Pay Day : A Pocketful of Goobers, Story About Geor : ® EZ-FIll™ Bags (gallon) ® . Brachs Maple Nut Goodies Geor ® , Butterfinger ® ge W bag and squeeze the peanut Geor ashington Carver—The ge W ® ® ashington Carver , Peanut , , Reese’s Peanut ®

also contain ge W ashing- ® S Bill Cosby once said, “Man cannot live by bread alone. He must have 3. Have the students pretend the Dr. they are John Harvey Kellogg who 2. The peanut has many names: goober, monkey nut, earthnut, groundnut, 1. -“A New World of Food: Peanuts,” Growing,” Newsletter for Ag in the Classroom, Spring 2000 -“Georgia’s R What types of candy do you like to eat with peanuts in it? 5. How long does it take for peanuts to grow from planting to harvesting? 4. Where do peanuts grow? 3. Washington What types of honors did George Carver receive? 2. particularly black Washington What did George Carver do for farmers, 1. *Used with permission from the Georgia Farm Bureau Farm from the Georgia *Used with permission between 120-140 days depending on the variety obtained. through the soil. From planting to harvest it will take week to emerge plant often, especially when it is very young. It will take the seed about a peanut in a location that will give it plenty of light. Make certain to water the potting soil to help ensure that it is well drained. Next place the planted D Washington Ask each student to write their own biography of George 2. Washington and read a book about George Discuss the above information 1. George Washington Carver Program. Classroom OURCES ELATED ISCUSSION contribution to entertainment. peanut butter.” Ask your students to research Bill Cosby’s life and his notes, eighth rests, etc. dents can be creative in how to show whole notes, half quarter music on a piece of poster board using peanuts as the notes. Your stu- Kellogg may have used at his exhibit. Your students can even write the Fair. Ask the students to write a musical jingle that Dr. John Harvey Zemlyanoy Grek (zem-ya-noy arek) a health food for elderly people and introduced it at the 1904 World’s invented peanut butter in the 1890’s. He marketed as Erdnuss (aird-noose) Cacahuete (ka-ka-wet) Fystiki (fee-stee-kee) Russia: Mani (my-knee) Germany: : : Spain: peanut in other countries: and ground pea. Teach your students these names and the word for farmers? older students, it may be a 10-20 page book with writing and illustrations. that the teacher has written. For picture with a sentence underneath For young students, this may be one Carver from what they have learned. Carver with your students. A : CTIVITIES Q UESTIONS : : Gourmet , March 1992 ®

Federation Ag in the LESSON 6 - Peanut Candy LESSON 2 - Candy and Culture

A LOOK AT PEANUT GROWTH, GEORGE WASHINGTON LOOK AT CANDY LEGENDS CANDY TRADITIONS AND CARVER, AND A PEANUT CANDY RECIPE. A , , CANDY LOVERS FROM AROUND THE WORLD. Subjects: Social Studies, Science, Nutrition, Reading, Writing, Music, Fine Arts Subjects: Social Studies

Illinois Learning Standards: 1.B.2a; 2.B.2c; 3.A.2; 3.B.2a; 3.B.2b; Illinois Learning Standards: 13.B.2a; 13.B.2b; 13.B.2c; 16.A.2b; 3.B.2c; 3.B.2d; 3.B.2d; 3.C.2a; 3.C.2b; 5.A.1a; 5.A.2b; 5.B.2a; 16.A.2c; 16.C.2c(US); 16.D.2c(US); 16.E.2b(W); 18.A.2 5.B.2b; 5.C.2a; 12.A.2a; 13.B.2a; 13.B.2b; 13.B.2c; 15.D.2a; Farmers take their harvested peanuts to local peanut buying stations. At this 16.A.2a; 16.A.2c; 16.C.2(US); 16.D.2c(US); 17.B.2a; 18.C.2; station, the peanuts are sampled and graded to determine their value. About INTRODUCTION: 22.a.2b; 23.B.2; 25.A.2c; 25.B.2; 26.A.2d; 27.A.2a; 27.A.2b; 75% of peanuts grown are used domestically. The remaining are usually Candy can be eaten on many occasions: holidays, birthdays, or any day. Candy inventions have happened all over the world. For instance, Oliver R. 27.B.2 shipped raw to major buyers like Western Europe, Canada and Japan. Some families, countries, and cultures have special traditions with candy. Chase of Boston invented Necco which makes Necco wafers and For example, sugar skulls are made during Mexico’s Day of the Dead. The conversation hearts for Valentine’s Day. Gustav Goelitz and his brother came I After the peanuts are purchased, they are placed in dry storage and eventu- skulls are to honor relatives who have passed away. Sugar skulls are made by NTRODUCTION: to America from Germany and started the Goelitz Brothers Candy Co. which ally shelled or processed in the shell. Shelling peanuts is simply taking the boiling sugar, pouring it into molds, and decorating them with icing. Some ® Peanuts probably originated in Brazil or Peru. Explorers to South America made candy corn and eventually Jelly Belly jelly beans. PEZ was first and Mexico took peanuts back to Spain. From Spain, traders and explorers outside covering off the peanut so that only the nut and its skin remains. other traditions with candy may be Trick-or-Treating, hitting piñatas until the marketed as a compressed peppermint candy over 70 years ago in Vienna, Shelled peanuts are then blanched to remove the skin from the nut. Most of took peanuts to Africa and Asia. In Africa, the plant became common in the candy falls out of them, searching for Peeps® and jelly beans at , or Austria. M&M’s were inspired by Spanish soldiers eating pellets of chocolate the blanched peanuts are eventually made into peanut butter. western tropical region. When Africans were brought to North America, making candy for friends at Christmas. encased in a sugary coating. peanuts came with then. In the 1700’s, peanuts, then called groundnuts or Many people only think of peanut butter or peanuts in a can. But there are ground peas, were studied by botanists and regarded as an excellent food for Here is some more specific information on two holidays of which candy plays M many ways peanuts are processed. Over half of edible peanuts are consumed ATERIALS NEEDED: pigs. The first notable increase in U.S. peanut consumption came in 1860 a big part: -Internet access with the outbreak of the Civil War when both southern and northern soldiers as peanut butter. The remaining half is used for confections, roasted or many other common uses for peanuts. Peanuts are also crushed to make oil. Pea- -Paper used the peanut as food. Around 1900, equipment was invented for plant- Valentine’s Day and White Day in Japan nut oil is excellent for cooking, because it is basically tasteless and can be -Pencils, crayons, markers ing, cultivating, harvesting and picking peanuts from the plants and for shell- For the Japanese the holiday of Valentines is much different. Here in America heated very hot (about 405 degrees F) before it burns. -“Candy Lovers from Around the World” worksheet ing and cleaning the kernels. Peanuts then rapidly came into demand for oil, on Valentine’s Day, both boys and girls give candy to everyone, but in Japan roasted and salted nuts, peanut butter and candy. only the girls give away the candy. The girls also have to give candy to every A There are even some non-food uses for peanuts. The shells can be used in CTIVITY OUTLINE: boy that they know. They give two types of candy, Giri choco (obligatory making wallboard, fireplace logs, livestock feed and cat litter. The skins can Candy Legends The peanut plant is very unique. When we think of nuts many people imag- chocolate) and honmei choco (chocolate for the boys the girls really like). In be used in making paper. Peanuts can also be an ingredient in many every- Ask the students to research the legends and history behind different candies. ine trees like pecans or walnuts, but peanuts are grown in the ground. The elementary school however there will usually only be a few girls that will give day materials like detergent, bleach, ink, shaving cream, soap, rubber, cos- Then they can take the legends and rewrite them into books for younger peanut plant actually flowers above the ground and fruits below the soil sur- all of the boys candy, most of the girls will just give candy to the boys that metics, paint, shampoo, medicine and much more. grades. Possibilities are: face. The peanut plant averages about 18 inches tall. It produces a yellow- they have a crush on. Then on White Day, March 14, the boys which were • Cactus Candy (also called Visnaga) See “The Legend of the Visnaga” at ish- flower that after blooming will create a “peg” that will grow down lucky enough to get candy from any girls return the favor and give those girls Peanuts are not only a fun snack, but also a good nutritional source. Peanuts into the soil. After about 60-70 days the peg will mature into a peanut. The white candy (, cookies or white chocolate) in white packaging, http://dizzy.library.arizona.edu/branches/spc/pams/pdfs/visnage.pdf contain about 25% protein, which is higher than eggs, dairy products and peanut plant is a legume, which means that they can produce a very essential even if they don’t feel the same way about the girl. for the legend behind it. nutrient called nitrogen, which is very beneficial for the soil. many cuts of meat. Two peanut butter sandwiches and a cup of milk meet • Candy Canes-See one of many websites about this candy 83% of a growing child’s daily need for protein. Peanuts are also packed full Day of the Dead • Peppermint Pig™ See:“The Legend of the Peppermint Pig™ at of vitamins and minerals and have no cholesterol. There are several types of peanut plants including the Runner, Virginia, Span- The Day of the Dead is held on November second and is a way of honoring www.saratogasweets.com/legend_store.htm ish, and Valencia. Each of these has a slightly different purpose. Virginias the dead. On this day children do not have to go school because the day is • The Legend of La Befana and Epiphany in . See:“The Legend of *Used with permission from the Georgia Farm Bureau are the largest kernels and account for most of the roasted in-shell peanuts. spent doing things that are related to honoring their dead loved ones. During La Befana” at www.nsa.naples.navy.mil/gaetansa/newpage14.htm or Spanish are found mainly in candies since they have a very distinct reddish- ® Federation Ag in the the holiday families will traditionally make an offering in the main room of “Epiphany in Italy” at www.internet-at-work.com/hos_megrane/holi brown skin. Valencias are unique in that they usually have more than two Classroom Program the house. To make the offering the family will put a thin piece of cutout days/2_giulia.html. nuts in each pod. All four types are used for peanut butter. paper on a table as if it were a tablecloth. Then they put a photo of the loved • Jelly Beans. See: “The History of the ” at George Washington Carver was an agricultural researcher of the early 1900’s. one onto the table in the front. Then the family will put the loved ones www.giambriscandy.com/JellyBean.asp. He is especially noted for his research with peanuts. George Washington favorite food and drink onto the table. According to the tradition the lost Carver received many awards such as the Spingarn Medal from the National family member will come and share in the dinner with the family. To guide Association for the Advancement of Colored People and the Theodore the loved one, candles are lit and a path is made of Marigolds, which is Roosevelt Medal for his valuable contributions to science. There is a George considered the special flower of the dead. Also on the offering will be the Washington Carver National Monument on the Missouri farm where Carver candy skulls and the Bread of the Dead. Also on this day people will go into the graveyards to greet and visit with their loved ones. If you go to see this was born and January 5 th Page has been named George Washington Carver Day. event you will see people singing and bringing flowers and food. People will also be having a picnic and interacting with other families in the community. 16 Carver’s interest in plants began when he was a child. Although he was too In the morning of November second, the family will eat a feast featuring the sick to work in the fields, he kept a personal garden. Carver attended a Bread of the Dead. The baker of the bread will hide toy skeletons in it and school for black children in Neosho, Missouri as a child and gained further whomever bites into the toy will have good luck. Also at this time friend and education at Simpson College in Indianola, Iowa and Iowa State College in family will give each other gifts that consist of the candy skulls and other Ames. In 1896, George Washington Carver joined the faculty of Tuskegee death related items. The gift that is the most prized is a skull with the Institute, an industrial and agricultural school for blacks. Carver was the head receiver’s name printed on it. of the agricultural department, the director of a state agricultural station, and later the head of Tuskegee’s Department of Research. He worked hard to teach more productive agricultural practices to Southern farmers, black farm- ers in particular. After finding over 300 uses for peanuts, Carver lectured about the uses before a committee of Congress. LESSON 2 (cont.)

Candy Traditions 1. Ask the students what types of candy traditions they have in their family. (piñatas for birthdays, jelly bean hunts at Easter, making peanut brittle at Christmas, sugar skulls for Mexico’s Day of the Dead, building ginger- bread houses, etc.) 2. Ask the students to find recipes for traditional candies of other countries. You can create a book with the recipes or try to make a few and share them with your class. You can find some traditional recipes at: •”Sugar Skulls” http://gomexico.about.com/library/weekly/aa991015_recipe.htm •”Candy Skulls” http://mexicanfood.about.com/library/recipes/ CTIVITY OUTLINE: blrr331.htm Make Your Own 1. Pour a teaspoon of Jello® •” Bars” (Scottish candy bars)http://www.r ecipezaar.com/ A powder on a paper plate. search/getrecipe.zsp?id=22307&path=&clt=rz 2. Add drops of water to the powder while you mix it with your finger. 3. Roll the mixture into a ball. •”Edinburgh ” (Scottish sweet)http://www.r ecipezaar.com/search/ ELATED ACTIVITIES 4. Next roll the gumdrop in some sugar. getrecipe.zsp?id=22669&path=&clt=rz Look at these web sites for more information on candy history: 5. Pick it up with your fingers and enjoy! •”Spumetti” (Italian Chocolate- Meringues) R -Salt Water : www.virtualnjshor e.com/tbswtaffy.html www.californiamall.com/holidaytraditions/traditions-italy.htm -American Candy Bar: http://www.rcaphila.org/AmericaCandyBar.asp Sugar Consumption •”Recipes for Saint Nicholas candy” (Dutch candy-eight recipes)http:// -St. Nick: http://www.sjcreations.com/legend.htm 1. Ask your students to research which country eats the most sugar DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: www.rootsinholland.com/sintcandy.htm -Jordan Almonds: www.keepsakefavors.com/category/000582.shtml confectionary per capita. (You may want them to refer to 1. Where does sugar come from? •”West Africa Omanhene ”www.globalgour met.com/destinations/ 2. What is molasses? -Valentine Candy: www.graeters.com/february2001.html westafrica/fudge.html www.CandyUSA.com. Their site has candy statistics. Here are the 3. What are some non-food uses of sugar? -: http://candy-gift-ideas.net/lollipop_history.htm •”Sukariyot Soomsoom” (Crunch Seed Candies of the Middle 1998 figures: -Startup Candy Company: 17.13 pounds per capita East and North Africahttp://homecooking.about.com/library/ar chive/ R ELATED ACTIVITIES: www.startupcandy.com/Complete%20History.html Netherlands 14.11 pounds per capita bldes12.htm 1. Ask your students to research where sugar beets grow in the U.S. and -: www.nougat-gerbe-d-or.fr/anglaishistorique.htm Finland 13.05 pounds per capita mark the locations on a map. -Jelly Beans: www.giambriscandy.com/JellyBean.asp Ireland 12.92 pounds per capita Candy Lovers from Around the World 2. Ask the students to research the life of Andreas Marggraf and write a -Tootsie Rolls: www.tootsie-roll.com/history.html United States 12.20 pounds per capita Ask the students to complete the “Candy Lovers from Around the World” short biography. -Pez: www.pez.com/pages/Pezinfo.htm 12.19 pounds per capita worksheet. The answers can be found throughout this candy unit. Specifi- 3. Ask your students to research the process of making sugar in a factory and -Necco: www.necco.com/chronolo.htm United Kingdom 11.69 pounds per capita cally see the “Agriculture: Where Candy Comes From” packet. Emphasize draw a flow chart on a piece of poster board showing the process. Germany 10.03 pounds per capita to the students that without global influence, we would not have the same -Twizzlers: http://www.hersheys.com/products/y_and_s.shtml France 7.74 pounds per capita candy culture we have today. -M&M’s: www.m-ms.com/us/about/history/index.jsp S Belgium 7.39 pounds per capita OURCE: Answer Key: -Candy Corn and Jelly Beans: www.ger manheritage.com/biographies/atol/ *Source: CAOBISCO Secretariat, Brussels, Summer 1999, -How Cane Sugar is Made: www.sucr ose.com/lcane.html Andreas Marggraf, German, Proved there was sugar in sugar beets goelitz.html www.CandyUSA.org -How Beet Sugar is Made: www.sucrose.com/lbeet.html George Washington Carver, African American, Research peanuts and found 2. Have the students create a graph to show the top ten countries in -Candy USA: http://www.candyusa.org/Stats/sugarworld.shtml over 300 uses SOURCES: confectionary sugar consumption per capita. Leo Hirshfield, Austrian immigrant, began to produce Tootsie Rolls -”Sugar Skulls” http://gomexico.about.com/library/weekly/ -Consumption of Selected Ingredients by the U.S. Confectionary Industry,” ® in LEXIS-NEXIS ® aa991015_recipe.htm Statistical New York -“Teaching with Chocolate,” Terese A. D’Amico -”Sugar,” All Around Wrigley, Winter 1985 Montezuma, Aztec, drank chocolatl from golden cups Holiday Candy -“Tootsie Roll Historical Timeline,”www.tootsie-roll.com/history.html Daniel Peter and Henri Nestle’, Swiss, candy maker (Daniel) and 1. Holidays are a popular time to eat candy. Here is a chart showing holiday -“A History of the American Candy Bar,” www.rcaphila.org/ chemist (Henri) who teamed up to add milk to chocolate candy sales in 2000. Goelitz Brothers, German immigrants, produced candy corn and eventually AmericaCandyBar.asp -“Sugar,” All Around Wrigley, Winter 1985 Valentine’s Day $1,059 Jelly Belly ® jelly beans -“Georgia’s Growing,” Newsletter for Ag in the Classroom, Spring 2000 Easter $1,811 Oliver R. Chase, American (Boston), inventor of Necco Candy -‘What do Mexicans celebrate on the “Day of the Dead?”’, $1,983 Winter Holidays $1,431 www.public.iastate.edu/~rjsalvad/smcfaq/muertos.html D ISCUSSION QUESTIONS: -“Day of the Dead,”www.elbaler o.gob.mx/kids/about/html/holidays/ In Millions of Dollars 1. What types of candy are eaten in other countries? ddead_kids.html *Source National Confectioners Association, www.CandyUSA.com 2. Why is it difficult to find the original source of some candies? -“Valentine’s Day and White Day in Japan,”http://tanutech.com/japan/ valentine.html 2. Ask your students to transfer the numbers into their actual dollar amounts. (For example: since the chart is in Millions of Dollars, Valentine’s Day -“Survey-Valentine’s Day and White,”www.japan-guide.com/topic/ sold $1,059,000,000 worth of candy, not just $1,059.) 0003.html 3. Which holiday sells the most candy? -“Valentine’s Day in Japan,”www.nichibeitimes.com/news/valentine.html 4. Ask your students to plan an advertising campaign to promote candy -“PEZ Candy Inc.,” www.pez.com sales at holidays which are not in the top four. (Chinese New Year, St. Page “Necco,” www.necco.com Patrick’s Day, Casimir Pulaski Day, Mothers Day, Fathers Day, Agricul- 6 -“The Goelitz Family: Candy Corn & Jelly Belly,” ture Day, Thanksgiving, 4 www.germanheritage.com -“M&M’s,” www.m-ms.com th of July, Grandparents Day, Sweetest Day, Secretaries Day, etc.) Name: ______

LESSON 5 - Make Your Own Gumdrops: Candy Lovers from Around the World The Story of Sugar MATCH EACH OF THE FOLLOWING NAMES TO THEIR COUNTRY/HERITAGE AND THE REASON FOR THEIR FAME WITH CANDY.

A LESSON ABOUT SUGAR PRODUCTION AND THE ECONOMICS Andreas Marggraf American (Boston) Drank chocolatl in gold cups OF CANDY.

Subjects: Science, Math, Social Studies

Illinois Learning Standards: 3.A.2; 3.B.2a; 3.B.2b; 3.B.2c; 3.B.2d; 3.C.2a; 3.C.2b; 5.A.2a; 5.A.2b; 5.C.2a; 6.A.2; 10.a.2a; 12.A.2a; 13.B.2a; 15.A.2a; 17.A.2b; 17.B.2a; 25.B.2; 26.B.2d; 27.A.2a; Oliver R. Chase African American Added milk to chocolate 27.A.2b

I NTRODUCTION: Sugar Beets Americans today consume about 11.8 pounds of each year. In Sugar beets originated in Ancient India. In 1747, a German chemist named 1998, the U.S. confectionery industry used 2,789,837,000 pounds of sugar Andreas Marggraf proved that there was sugar in sugar beets and it could be (cane and beet) Sugar can also be used by nonfood industries: mixing ce- extracted. Sugar beets grow in temperate climates. Top growing ment, tanning leather, making plastics, medicines (to disguise or enhance countries are France, the Ukraine, Germany, Russia, and the U.S. taste). Sugar is made from sugar cane or sugar beets. 61% of refined sugar George Washington Carver Austrian immigrant Inventor of Necco Candy comes from sugar cane and 39% comes from sugar beets. is stored in the sugar beet’s fleshy root. The tops of sugar beets are fed to livestock or used as fertilizer. Beets are harvested in autumn and early Sugar Cane winter by digging them out of the ground. They are taken to the factory and Sugar cane is a tall grass plant that grows in tropical and semi-tropical washed and separated from any beet leaves, stones, or trash materials that climates. The top producers are Brazil, India, China, Cuba, and Mexico. In was collected with them during harvest. To extract the sucrose, the beets are Europe during the Middle Ages, the high cost of sugar made sugar candy a sliced into thin chips. The chips are called cossettes. This increases the delicacy available only to the wealthy. Sugar cane is harvested by chopping surface area so the sugar is easier to extract. The extraction takes place in a down the stems and leaving the roots so that it re-grows for the next harvest. diffuser for about an hour with hot water. (Similar to the color and flavor of Goelitz Brothers Aztec Cane juice must be extracted from the cane. The cane is crushed in a series tea coming out of tea leaves in a teapot.) Next the sugar beet slices are of large rollers and the juice comes out. Since the juice still has soil, small pressed to squeeze as much juice from them as possible. The pulp leftover Produced candy corn and fibers, and green extracts in it, it must be cleaned with slaked lime. The juice from the pressing is sent to a drying plant where it is turned into pellets which eventually Jelly Belly® is thickened into syrup by boiling off the water using steam and evaporation. are used for some animal feeds. The juice is cleaned before it’s used for sugar jelly beans The syrup is put into large pans for boiling. Most water is boiled off until the production. This is done by growing small clumps of chalk in the juice. The sugar crystals can grow. This is spun in a centrifuge to separate the crystals chalk collects the non-sugars so when the chalk is filtered out, so are the non- and mother liquor. The crystals are dried with hot air before storage. The sugars. The juice is then put in a multi-stage evaporator. As the water is final raw sugar looks like a sticky brown mountain, so it is usually refined boiled, sugar crystals grow. This mixture is spun in a centrifuge to separate when it gets to the country where it will be used. the crystals and mother liquor. The crystals are dried with hot air before being packed or stored. The final sugar is white. Because you can’t get all the sugar out of the juice, a by-product is made, beet molasses.

Sugar can be found in candies such as Hershey Daniel Peter and Henri Nestle’ German Researched peanuts and ®’s bars, Snickers®, Reese’s® found over 300 uses Peanut Butter Cup, Almond Joy®, Spree®, Starburst®, M&M’s®, 100 Grand®, ®, Junior® Mints, Dots®, York® Peppermint Patties, Pinwheel Mints, Licorice, Werthers ® Originals, Candy Corn, Brachs® Maple Nut Goodies, Whoppers ®, Butterfinger®, Chocolate Covered Cherries, Peanut Brittle, Gumdrops, Tolberone ®, Chocolate Orange®, and Peeps®.

Page M ATERIALS NEEDED: Leo Hirshfield German immigrant Proved there was sugar in -Jello ® powder (one teaspoon per child) sugar beets and that it 14 -Water could be extracted -Paper Plates -Sugar -Eyedropper

Montezuma Swiss Began to produce Tootsie Rolls ® in New York City How does a company get all of the ingredients to make a Tootsie Roll come from the United States and a few are imported from other countries. If you were to look at the list of ingredients, you would find that some them I 15.A.2a; 17.A.2b; 17.B.2a; 17.C.2b; 22.A.2b; 23.B.2 12.A.2a; 13.B.2a; 13.B.2b; 13.B.2c; Standards: Illinois Learning Subjects: Science, Nutrition, Social Studies A Some ingredients found in Tootsie Rolls In this lesson, students will research the food label of a Tootsie Roll Comes From” with this unit.) reference the processing of these ingredients in the accompanying “Ag: Where Candy thin. Here are the sources of those ingredients: (you can read more about drogenated soybean oil, condensed skim milk, cocoa, whey, and soya leci- What is a Tootsie Roll and health claims. r implemented regulations on nutrition labels. These regulations give specific ment of Agriculture (USDA) and the Food Drug Administration (FDA) In 1994, the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) of U.S. Depart- in the United States under Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990. our daily needs of specific vitamins and nutrients. Food labeling became a law on ingredients, nutritional values, and how the product meets with information mine where the ingredients originated. Food labels provide the consumer NTRODUCTION equirements for the labels’ format, nutrient values, content claims, for the labels’ format, equirements LESSON 3 - What’s in a Tootsie Roll separating.) Soya lecithin-soybeans. (It is an emulsifier-it keeps the ingredients from Whey-watery part of milk that is separated from the curd Cocoa-cacao beans Condensed skim milk-dairy cattle soybean oil.) soybean oil at a controlled temperature. This helps solidify the Partially hydrogenated soybean oil-soybeans (hydrogen is infused into syrup-corn Corn Sugar-sugar beet pulp or sugar cane NUTRITIONAL :

LESSON ®

made of and where do these ingredientsmade of and where come from?

ABOUT

Page

8 ®

AN are sugar, syrup, partially hy- corn I LLINOIS

PRODUCT ®

to deter- . ® ? .Where do Tootsie Roll 3. .Distribute a Tootsie Roll 1. .How nutritional is a Tootsie Roll 2. .How do you think the first Tootsie Rolls 2. •A -Tootsie Roll .What types of jobs are involved in the making a Tootsie Roll 4. 1. Enlarge a world map and United States map. Create a bulletin board so Enlarge 1. did you find on the label that not know were What ingredients in 1. •T Fun Tootsie Roll Facts •”Visualizing Portions” http://family2.go.com -“What’s in My Tootsie Roll • -Copies of Tootsie Roll • •Tootsie Roll Sources: Discuss portion size with the students. Servings are smaller than you 3. R A -Encyclopedias and other resource books M D Have students complete the “What’s in My Tootsie Roll?” worksheet. 3. 2. •T • ELATED CTIVITY ISCUSSION A TERIALS and the United States how much we use products from other places. to their hometown. This will give them an idea of the size world New York City. students can link where their Tootsie Roll a Tootsie Roll Over 49 million Tootsie Rolls Europe, and Pacific Rim. Eastern operations in Massachusetts, New York, Tennessee, Mexico, Canada, been sent to Tootsie Roll Since 1970, over 20,000 letters from children around the world have possibilities and then tell the students that Tootsie Roll bp aa rsigice cube pair of dice, a thumb ping-pong ball CD case a fist, tennis ball cassette tape; deck of cards Relate with ice-cream scoop 2 tbsp. salad dressing 2 tbsp. peanut butter 3 oz. meat, fish, poultry 1 oz. cheese 1 medium fruit 1 oz. bread 1/2 cup cooked pasta Serving Size would think. Here are some examples to use: are used. the product, sell the product,the product, and much more!) member—someone needs to grow the ingredients, transport them, make a Toosie Pop solved the mystery behind how many licks it takes to get center of Rolls not use a conveyor belt system until 1938. How do you think Tootsie complete the worksheet. Provide encyclopedias and other resource books to help students and made into a candy bar.processed, Discuss with the class how ingredients are grown, transported, the ingredientsstudents read on their Nutrition Label. teeth. By 1905, Tootsie Rolls Hirshfield, began producing 200 of the candies a day in New York City. ootsie Rolls oolsie Roll

dentist in Philadelphia uses Tootsie Rolls ® A O

are of the types machines you think made now? Draw a picture N CTIVITIES Q UTLINE ® ® EEDED for each student , UESTIONS www.tootsie.com ® ® ®

®

: . Industries has it’s world headquarters in Chicago and ? were first made in 1896 when Austrian immigrant, Leo were : ® ® : ® Nutrition Facts ® Label? ® ingredients come from? ingredients ® ®

and a Nutrition Label to each student. Have the worksheet” were produced in a four-story candy factory in ®

Industries. These children believe they have ® are produced each day! ® ? ® ®

ingredients are fromingredients (the source)

were made in 1896? Discuss ®

to make molds of patients’ ®

Industries did ® ? (Re- .What is another food safety method? Draw a right and wrong picture for this method. 6. Clean fruits and vegetables before eating or cooking. 5. Refrigerate or freeze foods to prevent spoilage and make sure foods are properly cooked. 4. and the knife with hot, soapy or with the same knife. Wash the surface Do not cut meat and vegetables on the same surface 3. water to kill bacteria. ih Wrong Wrong Right Wrong Right Right ih Wrong Right Name ______Name: ______What’s in My Tootsie Roll®? Food for Thought 1. Look at a nutrition fact label for a Tootsie Roll®. Find the ingredients. They are listed in order of greatest amount to the least. What ingredient is used the most? ______Draw a picture for each statement that shows the right method and the wrong method. (Example for #1-Someone washing their What is used the least? ______hands vs. someone sitting at a table with dirty hands.) 2. Using an encyclopedia, determine what ingredients are obtained from the United States. Name the ingredients and what state or part of the United States they came from. ______1. Always wash your hands before preparing or consuming food. ______

3. Which ingredient(s) is/are most likely to come from Illinois?

4. Which ingredients were imported from another country? Name them and the country or countries they would come from.

Right Wrong 5. What are the possible ways the ingredients were shipped to a food processor?

2. Eat food before the expiration date on the package. 6. Look at the nutrition part of the label. How many calories are there? ______How man calories come from fat? ______

7. Make a ratio comparing fat calories to total calories. ______Simplify it. ______Make it a percent. ______

8. Percent daily values on a nutrition fact label tell you what percentage of your daily allowance for fat, cholesterol, sodium, etc. one serving of this food would provide. How many Tootsie Rolls Right Wrong ® would you have to eat to exceed 100 percent of the DV of: (remember that multiple Tootsie Rolls ® make one serving) Saturated fat? ______Carbohydrates? ______Dietary fiber? ______

9. Look up sodium in the dictionary. What is a synonym for it? ______

10. Using an encyclopedia, look up Calcium, Iron, Vitamin C, and Vitamin A. Page Define these and name other foods that are good sources of these. Calcium-______12 Iron-______Vitamin C-______Vitamin A-______

11. Now enjoy your Tootsie Rolls ®! I 15.C.2c; 22.A.2b; 22.A.2c 11.A.2b; 11.A.2c; 12.B.2a; 13.B.2a; Standards: Illinois Learning Subjects: Social Studies, Science, Health AGRIBUSINESSES A L bought from grocery stores before purchasing and eating them. or odor. Therefore consumers should read expiration dates of food products used as a preservative. Spoilage may occur before there is a change in taste ways. Canning, freezing, and dehydrating are just a few methods. Salt is also bread and milk must be consumed quickly. Foods can preserved in many and grains can be stored for a long time without spoiling. Other foods such as All food will spoil if it is not preserved in some way. Some foods such as nuts food was grown and hot it transported. must know where They must also know how their their food is coming from. consumed correctly to ensure its safety. Agribusinesses that deal with food causes of food storage. Food must be transported, stored, and prepared/ (bacteria, mold, yeast) are the two chief and rodents) microorganisms due to poor storage. Pests (insects can be spoiled by pests or microorganisms safety a priority. In some countries food may be produced or imported, but that makes food In the United States we are fortunate to have a government time or perhaps indefinitely. otherwise, they can penalize the business by closing it for a specific amount of agribusinesses to make sure they are following the guidelines. If they find viding us with safe, quality food. Health inspectors routinely inspect these food safety and are for pro- responsible follow health standards concerning food to us; therefore, they are considered to be agribusinesses. They must food processing, storage, or distribution. Restaurants and grocery stores sell Agriculture is the growing of food and fiber. Agribusinesses are involved in NTRODUCTION LESSON 4 - Candy and Food Safety OOK

: AT F , OOD AND S

AT AFETY

Page HOME

10

IN .

THE

CANDY

INDUSTRY , -soap -water -cinnamon -cooking spray or -“Food for Thought” worksheet -“Fight Bac” Colorado Reader M imported candy may be certain flavors and/or coloring agents. by the FDA as safe for humans to eat. Examples of this in not approved they contain no substances that arealso inspects all imported foods to be sure nounced plant inspections, taking random samples for analysis. The FDA responsible for the safety of their candy and FDA conducts unan- are cases are discovered before the product the public. Manufacturers reaches industry, this only happens on rare occasions and when it does happen, most that cause illness. However,contamination with microorganisms in the candy which the safety of all our packaged foods depends and it could result in and sanitation. This is a violation of the good manufacturing practices on may crop up in candy. One example is carelessnessards in quality control According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), food safety haz- bacteria, can be avoided with proper food handling. Keys to safety are: illness, a sickness caused by Eighty-five percent of the cases food-borne illness by handling food properly. People can reduce their risk of food-borne A TERIALS • • •r • • • storing foods in proper places storing foods in proper cleaning fruits and vegetables and utensils with hot, soapy water washing surfaces checking expiration dates seconds before rinsing) water,washing hands (use warm apply soap, and rub hands for 20 efrigeration, heating, and freezing N EEDED : 5. 4. What are some food preservation methods that are used before foods 3. What are some of the safe food handling practices that can be used in 2. What are the chief causes of food spoilage? 1. A D .Use this activity to show students the importance of washing hands with 4. Ask the students to complete “Food for Thought” worksheet in this 3. Read the “Fight Bac” Colorado Reader. For more copies, call Colorado 2. Talk with the students about safe food handling practices at their homes. 1. CTIVITY ISCUSSION your hands? water when washing Why is it important to use soap and warm and candy manufacturers have? What responsibilities do agribusinesses such as grocery stores, restaurants, reach the grocery store? your home? f. Try water. to get rid of the cinnamon using soap and warm The e. Try to get rid of the cinnamon using soap and cold water. Discuss d. c. Sprinkle cinnamon on the palms, backs, and in-between fingers of b. Apply cooking spray or vegetable oil to each student’s hands. a. water.soap and warm practices and draw illustrations for their own safe food handling practices. safe food handling lesson. Through this worksheet, students will learn Foundation for Agriculture at 970-881-2902. water? wash their hands with soap and warm food properly? Do they look for expiration dates on packages? Do they thoroughly freeze, wash dishes? Do they refrigerate, and heat for hand washing? water bacteria off of our hands? Is it important to use soap and warm water.they used soap and warm How is this similar to washing Ask the students why cinnamon stayed on their hands until the sink. of the students’ hands and into will rinse right off cinnamon “germs” the results. the results. T our hands. each student’s hands. The cinnamon represents bacteria that gets on ry to get rid of the cinnamon using only cold water. Discuss O Q UTLINE UESTIONS : : .Visit the web site 3. Add a slice of bread and a little water to sealable plastic bag. What 2. Tour a candy factory. What types of food safety methods are used? 1. sumer, July-August 1994, “Candy: How Sweet It Is!”, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, FDA Con- R O S OURCE ELATED THER happens? Chart your observations over time. • onstrate proper hand washing and surface cleaning. onstrate proper hand washing and surface also available. The various kits offered provide excellent activities to dem- is products on the GloGerm™ on hand washing. Ordering information importance of hand washing. You will find lesson plans, per grade level, •V •O •O Kids, Teens, & Educators Food Safety Information fnic/emer www.foodsafety.gov/~fsg/fsgkids.html situations. at the 46-minute video T Beef Association. Code #17-516, $1.50, 800-368-3138 R eachers Association): Science and our Food Supply Curriculum with isit the web site “Resources for Food Safety” at r r : http://www.foodsafety.gov/~fsg/teach.html der a free curriculum from the FDA and NSTA (National Science der “The Safe Food Journey” poster from the National Cattlemen’s der “The Safe Food Journey” A ESOURCES CTIVITIES g.html and research food safety and storage for emergency g.html : : www.gloger Dr. X and the Quest for Food Safety, http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/candy.html m.com to gain more information about the m.com to gain more information www.nal.usda.gov/ r ead more http://