Core Knowledge – Grade-level Science Domains Preschool Kindergarten First Grade Second Grade Third Grade Fourth Grade Fifth Grade Sixth Grade Seventh Grade Eighth Grade

I. Human I. Plants & Plant I. Living Things & I. Cycles in Nature I. Introduction to I. Human Body I. Classifying I. Plate Tectonics I. Atomic I. Physics Characteristics, Growth Their Classification of (Circulatory & Living Things Structure Needs & Environments (Seasonal Cycles; Animals Respiratory II. Oceans II. Electricity & Development II. Animals & Life Cycles; Water Systems) II. Cells: II. Chemical Magnetism Their Needs II. Human Body Cycle) II. Human Body Structures & III. Astronomy: Bonds & II. Animal (Body Systems) (Muscular, II. Chemistry: Processes Gravity, Stars, & Reactions III. Characteristics, III. Human Body II. Insects Skeletal, & Basic Terms & Galaxies Electromagnetic (Five Senses) III. Matter III. Plant III. Cell Division & Radiation & Light Needs & III. Human Body Nervous Systems; Concepts IV. Energy, Heat, Development Vision & Hearing) Structures & Genetics IV. Introduction IV. Properties of (Cells; Digestive & III. Electricity Processes & Energy IV. Sound Waves III. Plant to Magnetism Matter: Excretory III. Light & Optics Transfer IV. History of the Measurement Systems) IV. Geology: The IV. Life Cycles & Earth & Life V. Chemistry of Characteristics, V. Seasons & V. The Human Food & Needs & Growth IV. Sound Earth & Its Reproduction Forms Weather V. Introduction to IV. Magnetism Changes Body: Lymphatic Respiration Electricity V. Ecology V. Human Body & Immune V. Evolution IV. Physical VI. Taking Care of V. Simple VI. Science Elements (Water, V. Meteorology (Endocrine & Systems the Earth VI. Astronomy Machines VI. Astronomy Reproductive VI. Science Biographies Air, Light) VI. Science VI. Science Biographies VII. Science VII. The Earth VI. Science VII. Science Systems) V. Introduction to Biographies Biographies Biographies Biographies Biographies VI. Chemistry: Magnetism VIII. Science Biographies Matter & Change VI. Seasons & Weather VII. Science Biographies VII. Taking Care of the Earth VIII. Tools

Next Generation Science Standards – Grade-level Topics Preschool Kindergarten First Grade Second Grade Third Grade Fourth Grade Fifth Grade Middle School

Not Applicable K. Forces & 1. Waves: Light & 2. Structure & 3. Forces & 4. Energy 5. Structure & Physical Sciences Life Sciences Earth & Space Interactions: Sound Properties of Interactions 4. Waves Properties of MS. Structure & MS. Structure, Sciences Pushes & Pulls Matter Matter 1. Structure, 3. Interdependent 4. Structure, Properties of Function, & MS. Space K. Interdependent Function & 2. Interdependent Relationships in Function, & 5. Matter & Matter Information Systems Relationships in Information Relationships in Ecosystems Information Energy in MS. Chemical Processing MS. History of Ecosystems: Processing Ecosystems 3. Inheritance & Processing Organisms & Reactions MS. Matter & Earth Animals, Plants, & Ecosystems 1. Space Systems: 2. Earth’s Variation of 4. Earth's MS. Forces & Energy in MS. Earth's Their Patterns & Cycles Systems: Traits 5. Earth's Systems Organisms & Environment Systems: Interactions Systems Processes that 3. Weather & Processes that 5. Space Systems: Ecosystems K. Weather & Shape the Earth MS. Energy MS. Weather & Climate Shape the Earth Stars & the Solar MS. Climate Climate DraftSystem MS. Waves & Interdependent Electromagnetic Relationships in MS. Human Radiation Ecosystems Impacts MS. Growth, Development, & Reproduction of Organisms MS. Natural Selection & Adaptations K-2. Engineering Design 3-5. Engineering Design MS. Engineering Design Question: Are the Core Knowledge grade-level science domains found in the same grade as the NGSS topics? = In the Target Grade >= Earlier than NGSS <= Later than NGSS

Preschool1 Kindergarten First Grade Second Grade Third Grade Fourth Grade Fifth Grade Sixth Grade Seventh Grade Eighth Grade RE: Middle school, be sure to review the next page to see I. Human I. Plants & Plant I. Living Things  I. Cycles in  I. Intro. to I. Human Body I. Classifying > > & > & > how these domains compare to the NGSS topics, which are Growth 4 (Circulatory & Living Things Characteristics, & Their Nature Classification of grade banded and not grade-specific. 6 Respiratory Needs & II. Animals & Environments (Seasonal Cycles; Animals > II. Cells: Development Life Cycles; Water Systems) Their Needs II. Human Body > II. Human Body Structures & I. Plate Tectonics I. Atomic I. Physics Cycle) > II. Chemistry: Structure > II. Animal > III. Human (Body Systems) (Muscular, Processes II. Oceans II. Electricity &  & > II. Insects5 Basic Terms & Characteristics, Body (Five > III. Matter Skeletal, & < & III. Plant II. Chemical Magnetism Needs & Nervous Systems; Concepts III. Astronomy: Senses) > III. Human Structures & Bonds & Development > IV. Properties Vision & Hearing) Gravity, Stars, & III. Body (Cells;  III. Electricity Processes (in Reactions > IV. Introduction of Matter: Galaxies Electromagnetic > III. Plant Digestive & < & > III. Light & NGSS G4 & G5) to Magnetism2 Measurement IV. Geology: III. Cell Division & Radiation & Light IV. Energy, Heat, Characteristics, Excretory Optics (In NGSS G1 The Earth & Its < & > IV. Life Genetics Needs & Growth V. Seasons & V. Introduction Systems) & G4) & Energy IV. Sound Waves > Changes Cycles & Weather Transfer IV. History of the to Electricity < & > IV. Sound > IV. Physical > IV. Magnetism < & > V. Reproduction (in Earth & Life V. Chemistry of Elements (Water, VI. Taking Care VI. Astronomy (In NGSS G1 & G4) 7 NGSS G4 & MS) V. The Human Food & V. Simple Meteorology (in Forms Air, Light) of the Earth > Body: Lymphatic Respiration > VII. The Earth Machines V. Ecology NGSS G3 & MS) < V. Human Body n/a VII. Science & Immune V. Evolution > V. Introduction n/a VI. Science (Endocrine & n/a VI. Science Biographies3 n/a VIII. Science n/a VI. Science > VI. Astronomy Systems to Magnetism Biographies Reproductive n/a VI. Science Biographies Biographies Biographies n/a VII. Science Systems) n/a VI. Science Biographies > VI. Seasons & Biographies VI. Chemistry: Biographies Weather Matter & Change > VII. Taking Care n/a VII. Science of the Earth Biographies8 > VIII. Tools

For Reference – The NGSS Grade-level Topics with the associated DCIs in orange Preschool Kindergarten First Grade Second Grade Third Grade Fourth Grade Fifth Grade Middle School (see next page for added details)

Not Applicable K. Forces & 1. Waves: Light & 2. Structure & 3. Forces & 4. Energy* (PS3.A, 5. Structure & Physical Sciences Life Sciences Earth & Space Interactions: Pushes Sound (PS4.A, B, & Properties of Matter Interactions (PS1.A B, C, & D, ESS3.A, Properties of Matter MS. Structure & MS. Structure, Sciences & Pulls* (PS2.A & B, C – Also ETS1.B? (PS1.A & B) & B) and ETS1.A) (PS1.A & B) Properties of Matter Function… (LS1.A & MS. Space Systems PS3.C, and ETS1.A) Not referenced in (PS1.A & B and D) (ESS1.A & B) NGSS Boxes) 2. Interdependent 3. Interdependent 4. Waves* (PS4.A & 5. Matter & Energy PS3.A) K. Interdependent Relationships in Relationships in C and ETS1.C) in Organisms & MS. Matter & Energy MS. History of Earth Relationships in 1. Structure, Ecosystems* (LS2.A, Ecosystems (LS2.C Ecosystems (PS3.D, MS. Chemical in Organisms… (ESS1.C, and Ecosystems: Function & LS4.D and ETS1.B) & D and LS4.A, C, & 4. Structure, LS1.C, and LS2.A & Reactions* (PS1.A & (PS3.D, LS1.C, and ESS2.A, B, & C) Animals, Plants, & Information D) Function, & B) B and ETS1.B & C) LS2.A, B, & C) MS. Earth's Systems Their Environment* Processing (LS1.A, 2. Earth’s Systems: Information (ESS2.A & C and Processes that 3. Inheritance & Processing (PS4.B 5. Earth's Systems MS. Forces & MS. Interdependent (LS1.C, ESS2.E, B, & D and LS3.A & Interactions (PS2.A & Relationships…* ESS3.A) ESS3.A & C, and B) Shape the Earth* Variation of Traits and LS1.A & D) (ESS2.A & C and (ESS1.C, ESS2.A, B, Draft(LS1.B, LS3.A & B, ESS3.C) B) (LS2.A & C, LS4.D, MS. Weather & ETS1.B) 4. Earth's Systems: and ETS1.B) Climate (ESS2.C & D 1. Space Systems: & C, and ETS1.C) and LS4.B) MS. Energy* (PS3.A, Processes that 5. Space Systems: and ESS3.D) K. Weather & Patterns & Cycles Stars & the Solar B, & C and ETS1.A & MS. Growth, 3. Weather & Shape the Earth* MS. Human Impacts Climate* (PS3.B, (ESS1.A & B) System (PS2.B and B) Development… Climate (ESS2.D (ESS1.C, ESS2.A, B, (ESS3.B & C) ESS2.D, ESS3.B and ESS1.A & B) (LS1.B, LS3A & B, ETS1.A) and ESS3.B) – be & E, ESS3.B, and MS. Waves… (PS4.A,B and LS4.B) sure to also review ETS1.B) & C) the G3 history MS. Natural Selection content of the CK & Adaptations (LS4.A, Sequence re: climate B, & C) K-2. Engineering Design 3-5. Engineering Design MS. Engineering Design (ETS1.A-C; note that these are found integrated in K & G2 topics above) (ETS1.A-C; note that these are found integrated in G4 topics above) (ETS1.A-C; note that these are found integrated in PS&LS topics above)

DRAFT © 2014 Core Knowledge Foundation. All Rights Reserved. For additional clarification, refer to the notes found on the last page of this document. Sorting the Core Knowledge domains across the NGSS Middle School (MS) Physical Science, Life Science, & Earth/Space Science Topics

Core Knowledge Domains Next Gen. Science Topics

Sixth Grade Seventh Grade Eighth Grade Middle School

 I. Plate Tectonics (6)  I. Atomic Structure  I. Physics (8) Physical Sciences Life Sciences Earth & Space Sciences (7) MS. Structure & Properties of Matter: MS. Structure, Function, & Information MS. Space Systems:  II. Oceans (6)  II. Electricity & IV. Energy, Heat, & Energy Transfer – C. Processing: III. Astronomy: Gravity, Stars, & Galaxies  II. Chemical Bonds & Magnetism (8) Physical Change* (6) V. The Human Body: Lymphatic & Immune (6) & VI. Albert Einstein - Science  III. Astronomy: Reactions (7) VI. Marie Curie - Sci. Biographies (6) Systems (6) Biographies (8) Gravity, Stars, &  III. I. Atomic Structure (7) There is also a significant opportunity to MS. History of Earth: Galaxies (6)  III. Cell Division & Electromagnetic VI. Dmitri Mendeleev & Lise Meitner – Sci. meet the MS endpoints associated with I. Plate Tectonics (6) Genetics (7) Radiation & Light Biographies (7) Information Processing through the study VI. Alfred Wegner – Sci. Biographies (6) VI. Dorothy Hodgkin, Albert Einstein, & of Grade 8 III. Light & IV. Sound Waves, see  IV. Energy, Heat, & (8) MS. Earth's Systems: Energy Transfer (6)  IV. History of the James Maxwell - Science Biographies (8) also How the Eye/Ear Work (Gr3) I. Plate Tectonics (6) Earth & Life Forms  IV. Sound Waves II. Oceans (6)  V. The Human Body: (7) (8) MS. Chemical Reactions: MS. Matter & Energy in Organisms & Lymphatic & II. Chemical Bonds & Reactions* (7) Ecosystems: MS. Weather & Climate: Immune Systems  V. Evolution (7)  V. Chemistry of VI. Antoine Lavoisier – Sci. Biographies (7) II. Oceans – Marine Life (6) II. Oceans (6) - Currents (6) Food & V. Chemistry of Food & Respiration (8) V. Chemistry of Food & Respiration (8) Note that CK builds a significant  VI. Charles Darwin - Respiration (8) foundation re: the core ideas of this topic  VI. Marie Curie - Science Biographies MS. Forces & Interactions: MS. Interdependent Relationships in (ESS2.B & C) in grades PK, K, 1, 2, & 4 as Science Biographies (7)  VI. Albert Einstein VI. Isaac Newton - Science Biographies (6) Ecosystems: well as for the core idea of ESS3.D in (6) - Science I. Physics (8) Significant opportunity exists to meet the grades 3 & 4. History/Geography content  VI. Antoine Biographies (8) II. Electricity & Magnetism (8) MS endpoints associated with this topic from the CK Sequence also provides ripe opportunities to review this foundational  VI. Lewis H. Latimer Lavoisier - Science VI. Albert Einstein, James Maxwell, & through the study of II. Oceans – Marine knowledge and to meet the MS endpoints - Science Biographies (7)  VI. Dorothy Charles Steinmetz - Science Biographies Life* (6) and V. Chemistry of Food & for this topic at the MS level (e.g., Grade 6 Biographies (6) Hodgkin - Science (8) Respiration – Energy for most life comes study of the relation of the Tropic of  VI. Lise Meitner - Biographies (8) from the sun… (8), however certain sub-  Cancer/Capricorn to seasons /  VI. Isaac Newton - Science Biographies MS. Energy: topics (e.g., maintaining biodiversity and IV. Energy, Heat, & Energy Transfer – A. temperature, climate zones, and the Science Biographies (7)  VI. James Maxwell competition / predation) are not directly Energy & B. Heat* (6) Arctic/Antarctic Circles) (6) - Science outlined in the CK MS grades and should I. Physics – B. Forces & E. Energy* (8)  VI. Dmitri Biographies (8) be additionally planned to meet the NGSS MS. Human Impacts: VI. Albert Einstein, James Maxwell, &  VI. Alfred Wegner - Mendeleev - Science progressions of core ideas. Also consider IV. Energy (6) re: Environmental Impact of Charles Steinmetz - Science Biographies Science Biographies Biographies (7)  VI. Charles the history content of Gr 8 re: the Rise of Fossil Fuels (8) (6) Steinmetz - Environmental Activism and how this Opportunities also exist to build and apply the

Science might be applied to meet these endpoints. core ideas within this topic (ESS3.B & C) during MS. Waves & Electromagnetic V. Evolution (7) re: extinction & in history re: Biographies (8) Radiation: MS. Growth, Development, & the Rise of Environmental Activism (8). Reproduction of Organisms: III. Electromagnetic Radiation & Light (8) This NGSS topic also includes human efforts to IV. Sound Waves (8) III. Cell Division & Genetics (7) mitigate the effects of natural hazards, which VI. Albert Einstein & James Maxwell - may be applied during I. Plate Tectonics & II. Science Biographies (8) MS. Natural Selection & Adaptations: Oceans (6) as well as in history/geography (e.g., DraftIV. History of the Earth & Life Forms - (7) re: Gr6 maps, globes, the review of the “Ring of V. Evolution (7) Fire” and/or during the Gr8 study of the vulnerability of Mexico City to earthquakes). VI. Charles Darwin - Science Biographies (7)

NOTE: The Science Biographies of the CK Sequence are also ripe opportunities to MS. Engineering Design: address the “Nature of Science” in the context of rich content and new learning. II. Electricity & Magnetism–“Practical applications of the connection between electricity and magnetism” (8) (E.g., biographies allow students to connect to the cross-cutting concepts such as Following the same model as the Next Gen. Standards themselves, opportunities also exist to apply the MS. Engineering core ideas science being a “human endeavor,” that it is often closely linked to engineering and within the context of CK domains – see those domains above noted with an asterisk (*) for opportunities that match the NGSS technology, and that science investigations begin with a question.) references to ETS1.A, B, & C. There are even further opportunities to couple design tasks to the biographies of engineers from the CK Sequence as well: VI. Lewis H. Latimer - Science Biographies (6) & VI. Charles Steinmetz - Science Biographies (8).

DRAFT © 2014 Core Knowledge Foundation. All Rights Reserved. For additional clarification, refer to the notes found on the last page of this document. 1Please note that all domains in Core Knowledge Preschool (PreK) are “early” relative to the NGSS because those standards do not specify early childhood education targets – It is also important to note that these early CK domains all contribute to the DCIs and topics found in later grades of the NGSS. For example, the PreK targets re: tools.

2The Introduction to Magnetism domain is an opportunity to additionally plan for and introduce contact forces (pushes/pulls; strength/direction) in order to meet the NGSS topic that addresses DCIs PS2.A & B, and PS3.C at this early grade level (i.e., the Forces & Interactions topic of the NGSS). It is important to note that assessments of the NGSS will not include non-contact forces in Kindergarten (see assessment boundary for K-PS2-1, however the Magnetism domain is still important at this grade because it directly contributes to learning about core idea PS1.A as well as later learning of PS2.A& B (e.g., natural vs. manmade materials and sorting objects based on their observable properties/uses, which also matches early expectations re: Common Core Math Standards and the target of identifying patterns and classifying objects [CCSS Math K.MD.3]).

3Note: Science Biographies offer an opportunity to explore the cross-cutting concepts and the history and nature of science while maintaining an increasing sophistication of content across the years. Teachers are encouraged to use these biographies to expand on and/or introduce the core concepts while integrating these into the processes and practices that were used by these men and women.

4The study of Life Cycles also directly supports NGSS G3 topics.

5The Insects domain includes the study of pollination (as aligned to NGSS 2-LS2-2, Develop a simple model that mimics the function of an animal in dispersing seeds or pollinating plants*). However, it also supports NGSS topics re: the structure & function of these organisms.

6Classification is closely tied to the cross-cutting concept of Patterns. Be sure to consider the Framework’s G5 endpoints for LS3.A & B and LS4.B within this domain in order to truly meet the NGSS topic in G3.

7The NGSS topic of weather and climate (DCI ESS2.D) may be integrated within history and geography topics during Grade 3 to meet standards 3-ESS2-1 and 3-ESS2-2. For example, the geography specified within The Thirteen Colonies domain (a.k.a. “Colonial America” in CKLA) includes the guideline, “Differences in climate from north to south [and] corresponding differences in agriculture.” Planning for and meeting the NGSS could add excellent, cross-curricular context to the skills listed in the World Geography section of the CK Sequence as well. The Grade 4 domain of Meteorology then directly builds from these contextually rich examples/connections while offering a chance to meet other Next Gen. standards, such as connecting 4-ESS2-1Draft (Make observations and/or measurements to provide evidence of the effects of weathering or the rate of erosion by water, ice, wind, or vegetation) to the future study of 5-ESS2-1 (Develop a model using an example to describe ways the geosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and/or atmosphere interact).

8The biography of Galileo & the G5 history content re: Copernicus’ sun-centered model of the solar system may be used as an opportunity to review G3 Astronomy in a contextually-rich way and meet the NGSS endpoint for G5.

DRAFT © 2014 Core Knowledge Foundation. All Rights Reserved. For additional clarification, refer to the notes found on the last page of this document.