Pioneering Education with Global Impact since 1821 自1821年以来的全球影响力先驱教育 Pioneering Education with Global Impact since 1821 自1821年以来的全球影响力先驱教育 Pioneering the Future

From the UK’s first Mechanics Institute The Heriot-Watt for working people to a truly global community is driving a spirit of ambition to be university. Five campuses worldwide at the forefront of new ideas and solutions to educating tomorrow’s professionals create radical innovations that make a difference and generating pioneering research in the real world. making a difference in the real world. Professor Richard A Williams, Principal and Vice-Chancellor, Heriot-Watt University WORLD-CLASS UNIVERSITY ORIGINS OF OUR NAME Today Heriot-Watt is a global university with strong In 1852 the Edinburgh School of Arts changed its links across Europe and the rest of the world. Since name to become the Watt Institution and School of Arts, our foundation as the Edinburgh School of Arts in in honour of the great Scottish inventor, mechanical 1821, we are proud to have been outward looking engineer and chemist, James Watt, who invented the pioneers of education, in pursuit of knowledge for steam engine and was widely acknowledged as the the benefit of society and the world. father of the industrial revolution. George Heriot was a 17th century philanthropist and financier to Our campuses across the globe and international King James IV. In 1885 the School was renamed community provide a unique learning experience. Heriot-Watt College and in 1966 Heriot-Watt Specialist, creative and expert, our graduates set University was established by Royal Charter. the global standard and are sought by the best employers worldwide. From Actuarial Science to Both Heriot and Watt were two Photonics our thought-leadership and innovation successful, pioneering professionals provides a unique advantage to our students and of their time, whose skills and delivers real results for our partners. attitudes are still reflected in the ethos of the University today.

World-class research with over 30,000 students worldwide /01 The Story of Heriot-Watt

Since our foundation in 1821, we have been outward looking pioneers of education, in pursuit of knowledge to 1821 1837 1851 1852 1854 1869 1872 Edinburgh School of Arts, the world’s first Edinburgh School of Arts, moves to Watt Subscription Fund donates funding Edinburgh School of Arts becomes Watt Formation of the Watt Club – The UK’s Pioneering campaigner Mary Burton led Watt Institution and School of Arts the benefit of society and the world. mechanics’ institute, founded by Leonard new larger leased premises in Adam to School as Edinburgh’s monument to Institution and School of Arts. oldest higher education institution a successful campaign to admit women. obtained a new site in Chambers Street Horner and Robert Bryson in Niddry Street. Square Edinburgh. James Watt. alumni association. and the foundation stone was laid.

1874 1885 1902 1934 1949 1966 1969 1971 1989 Mary Burton becomes the first woman on George Heriot’s Trust’s investments The College becomes a Central Institution, Heriot-Watt became the home of acclaimed Graduate Christina Miller becomes first The Royal Charter, gives Heriot-Watt Midlothian Council bought a 248 acre Heriot-Watt’s links with industry enters a Orkney Campus opens in Stromness as the School’s Board of Directors and a Life support the Watt Institution and School of teaching to degree standard with the novelist Dame Muriel Spark. woman elected as fellow of Royal Society its University status, granted by Queen parkland estate at Riccarton and gifted new era as it establishes the first University a multidisciplinary research, consultancy Governor of Heriot-Watt College. Arts and so created Heriot-Watt College. Associates of Heriot-Watt College award. of Edinburgh. Elizabeth II. it to the University. Research Park in Europe. and postgraduate teaching facility.

1990 1992 1998 2005 2014 2015 2016 2016 2021 Edinburgh Business School launches Heriot-Watt University is relocated Merger with Scottish College of Textiles The Dubai Campus was founded. The Heriot-Watt University opens its fifth Heriot-Watt awarded the prestigious University celebrates 50 years since ORIAM Scotland’s Sports Performance University celebrates its 200th anniversary. first online MBA. to Edinburgh campus at Riccarton. to create Scottish Borders Campus. University was the first to set up in the Campus in Putrajaya, Malaysia, only Queen’s Anniversary Prize in Further Heriot-Watt was awarded a Royal Charter. Centre opens at Edinburgh Campus. new Dubai International Academic City. 25 km from Kuala Lumpur. and Higher Education.

HERIOT-WATT UNIVERSITY / OUR HERITAGE Pioneering leaders and solutions since 1821 02/03

Enlightened Thinking

1 It all began with a conversation... a conversation that created a university that dates back to 1821 and is named after two Scottish pioneers: James Watt, the great 18th century inventor and engineer, recognised as the father of the industrial revolution and George Heriot, the 17th century goldsmith and philanthropist and financier to King James. 2

PIONEERING EDUCATION LEADING A REVOLUTION In 1821 Edinburgh1 was the beating heart of the IN EDUCATION Scottish Enlightenment headlined by radical thinkers In October 1821 the School held its first lecture like Adam Smith and David Hume. Its ideals steeped St Celia’s Concert Hall in Niddry Street, Edinburgh. in education as a means to moral and material The subject: chemistry. Over 300 people packed self-improvement and tackling the challenges the venue. Several hundred were turned away. of the industrial revolution. Within a month over 450 students had enrolled. Thirty years later over 700 Mechanics Institutes 2 Leonard Horner , a linen merchant and social reformer had been established across Britain. Emigrants 3 met his friend Robert Bryson , one of Scotland’s finest took the movement as far as Australia and America. clock makers, in his shop on Edinburgh’s South Bridge. Bryson complained that his apprentices needed a Education becomes a right not a privilege. 3 mathematical education. But the only classes available were too expensive and held while they were at work. Horner came up with the idea to provide evening classes at fees that working men could afford. With financial backing from influential Edinburgh citizens; author, Sir Walter Scott, judge and For the instruction conservationist Lord Cockburn, and the Craig family of Riccarton, the Edinburgh School of mechanics in such of Arts first Mechanics Institute was born4. branches of physical A revolution in education has begun. science as are of practical application in their 4 several trades.

The School’s ethos

HERIOT-WATT UNIVERSITY / OUR HERITAGE Pioneering leaders and solutions since 1821 04/05

The great Scottish engineer, James Watt, hailed as the father of the industrial revolution, had long been an inspiration to both The Watt students and staff. Connection

1

2 THE EARLY DAYS The great Scottish engineer, James Watt2, hailed In the beginning the School taught only chemistry, as the father of the industrial revolution, had long Profile: mechanics or natural philosophy, architecture and been an inspiration to both students and staff. James Watt farriery. Two of the most able students gave informal Now a fund established in his memory was to come lessons in mathematics. Working men travelled to the School’s financial rescue. An appeal launched James Watt (1736–1819) was the father from far and wide eager for knowledge and self- by Henry Cockburn, to commemorate the great of the industrial revolution. His crucial role improvement. One student walked 10 miles to attend inventor, saw the building of a handsome new property was to transform the world from one based evening classes at the end of a hard day’s work. for the Edinburgh School of Arts, which it was able on agriculture to one based on engineering This revolution in education was creating a bridge to buy outright through the generosity of the Watt and technology, recognised in the unit of between the cultural classes with plumbers, printers Subscription Fund in 1851. To acknowledge this, power: the watt. and smiths attending lectures alongside students the School changed its name in 1852 to the Watt Born in Greenock, Scotland, he went on to from wealthier backgrounds including the son Institution and School of Arts. of eminent artist Alexander Nasmyth, son of the become an inventor, engineer and scientist. inventor of the steam hammer, James Nasmyth. THE FIRST PEOPLE’S COLLEGE In 1769 he patented radical improvement The change in name reflected the evolution of to increase the efficiency of the Newcomen To survive the economic depression of the period, the Watt Institution. Teachers, architects, artists and steam engine by adding a separate condenser the School halved its fees and expanded its syllabus dentists were now studying alongside mechanics and valves. A move that kick-started the introducing taught classes in mathematics, English, and artisans. Widely respected as the first true the industrial revolution. French, drawing and ornamental modelling. By 1837 People’s College, it was entirely a male preserve. it had outgrown its first home and leased a larger property in Edinburgh’s Adam Square1. Despite its Another revolution was in the air. success the School relied on donations from wealthy subscribers. This income had dwindled over the years and it now found itself in financial trouble.

HERIOT-WATT UNIVERSITY / OUR HERITAGE Pioneering leaders and solutions since 1821 06/07 Twenty years ahead of government legislation to allow women to go to university Heriot-Watt opened its doors to women. Pioneering Women’s Education

1 PIONEERING OPPORTUNITIES How is your work making a FOR WOMEN Dr Katia difference in the real world? Twenty years before legislation forced Scottish Hiersemenzel A: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a newly universities to open their doors to women in Advanced Imaging Application emerging technique for ophthalmology research 1889, Mary Burton1 (1819–1909), a pioneering Specialist for Europe, Middle East visualising the retina or cornea through volumetric campaigner for educational and social reform, and Africa, Leica Microsystems, Global imaging. The advantages of visualising the retina, led a successful campaign to persuade the Katia successfully completed her PhD at Heriot-Watt the lens or the cornea, without damaging cells or the Directors of the Watt Institution to admit women in the field of molecular biology and super-resolution structural integrity, opens up a whole new angle of students – a truly radical step at the time. imaging. With a background in advanced microscopy, research. Diseases and defects such as retinography and cataract can be easily analysed over time in a She was one of the first women elected to serve she subsequently took on the role as OCT Application simple non-invasive procedure. Eye research through on Parochial and School Boards and a tireless Specialist with Leica Microsystems. the means of OCT extends to human diagnosis as advocate for women’s suffrage. Mary believed that well, being used for eye examination and even during boys and as well as girls should be taught to sew, Can you tell us about your current job? eye surgery. The support, through my position as knit and cook for themselves. She went on to become an application specialist, for a more widespread use the first woman on the School’s Board of Directors A: I am an Application Specialist for the Optical of OCT in life science and clinical research will have and later a Life Governor of Heriot-Watt College. Coherence Tomography (OCT) system, a recently a major impact in ophthalmic and vision science. She also took an active interest in the cultural life established part of the product range of Leica of the college as Honorary President of the Watt Microsystems. OCT is the optical analogue of ultrasound Literary Association. Today one of the University’s and has a particular application to eye research. I was very fortunate to be part of school buildings is named after her and her As an Application Specialist for the life science sector an exceptionally equipped imaging I provide the technical knowhow about the product influence remains strong with thousands of female laboratory with a team of highly and its bio imaging capacity. Working together with Heriot-Watt graduates pioneering research that is experienced researchers in microscopy the Sales team, we bring the product to the customers. making a global impact in the world today. and image analysis. With full, unlimited access to top-end wide field (Olympus) and confocal (Leica) microscopes, I had the chance to develop into an imaging specialist.

Pioneering leaders and solutions since 1821 08/09

On 12 August 1885 the Institution entered a new era as Heriot-Watt College with over 2,000 students – 15% were women.

The Heriot Connection

THE NEXT ERA The Heriot connection came much later. The Profile: next 20 years saw the Watt Institution flourish 1 George Heriot with students able to choose from a broad range 3 3 2 of science, social science and humanities subjects. George Heriot (1563–1624) was an The city of Edinburgh was also flourishing, Edinburgh goldsmith who became jeweller embarking on ambitious plans to redevelop the to King James IV (James 1 of England) and Old Town and Cowgate areas. This saw the Watt his wife, Queen Anne. So lucrative was his Institution move from Adam Square1 to temporary business that he acquired the name ‘Jingling premises whilst securing a prestigious site for a Geordie’ and even loaned money to his Royal new building on what is today’s Chambers Street. patrons who pledged their jewels as security. By 1873 the ‘Watt’s’ new home opened for business. Whilst his fame and fortune were made For the first time there was a purpose built chemistry in London, he paid tribute to his native city laboratory as well as a lecture hall, classrooms and through the creation of a hospital for the library facilities. By 1874 the Institution was expanding education of orphan sons of the freemen further with an extension2 which, on the ground floor of Edinburgh. Over the centuries the George housed the Henderson Trust’s Phrenologcial Museum Heriot’s Trust’s investments grew until by and the upper floors formed part of the Institution. 1885 the Governors could afford to use surplus This fast paced expansion, however, saw the funds to support the Watt Institution and School Institution over extend itself financially. The following of Arts and so created Heriot-Watt College, year the Directors turned to an educational the forerunner to Heriot-Watt University. endowment funded by the bequest of 17th century Scottish goldsmith and philanthropist, George Heriot for help. Parliament subsequently approved a scheme to merge the endowment of the Watt Institution with that of the George Heriot’s Trust.

Pioneering leaders and solutions since 1821 10/11

Transforming Education

1

2

ACADEMIC RECOGNITION Growing demand for advanced courses in science, AMBITIOUS EXPANSION The College’s first Principal, physicist Francis Grant technology, art, design and commerce prompted By 1928, when Heriot-Watt College became Ogilvie, transformed the curriculum introducing the government to reorganise education throughout independent of the George Heriot’s Trust, the impact new day and evening classes in a wider range of Scotland. Some colleges were designated ‘Central of the worldwide economic recession was taking subjects. 1887 saw the appointment of the College’s Institutions’ and became known as ‘technical universities’ its toll. To address budget cuts and falling student first Professors in Chemistry, Physics and Mechanics offering courses up to degree and diploma level. numbers, a new Principal, alumnus James Cameron and Engineering. At the time only two other non- Smail, launched an ambitious expansion programme Heriot-Watt College became the Central Institution for university institutions in the UK enjoyed this privilege. which funded new buildings for teaching and research. south east Scotland in 1902 bringing with it higher By 1900 student numbers has risen to 3,900. The These opened in 1935 and 1938 providing new academic standing and more money from central and Chambers Street building was now an imposing city lecture rooms, laboratories and a library. In addition, local government. By 1904 students1 who successfully landmark symbolising the College’s rising status and a new dining hall, separate common rooms for men completed three or four years of full-time study its repositioning from a voluntary body to a dynamic and women and a new gymnasium which doubled as became Associates of Heriot-Watt College2 – an award technical college. a venue for dances, saw the College became a social soon recognised as university degree standard. hub. It was during this period that, for the first time, On the outbreak of World War I, the College threw students had a voice in college governance through itself into the war effort. The Engineering laboratory the Student Representative Council. became a munitions factory. The College Principal The outbreak of World War II in 1939 saw further turned from the forensic analysis of medieval art to expansion plans go on hold. Staff built bomb shelters chair a government committee on chemical weapons. in the basement and blacked out windows so that day Other professors researched breathing apparatus for and evening classes could continue. RAF personnel trench warfare, mine, submarine detectors and the took intensive classes in wireless and radar systems, treatment of dysentery. many of whom returned to the College after the war to continue their studies. 12/13 Heriot-Watt’s Edinburgh Business School pioneered the first global online education in business. The distance learning MBA launched in 1990. International Outlook

FROM COLLEGE TO UNIVERSITY A NEW EDINBURGH CAMPUS FIRST GLOBAL ONLINE In 1963 the government announced ambitious WITH INTERNATIONAL OUTLOOK BUSINESS SCHOOL proposals for the expansion of higher education. Heriot-Watt was gifted a new home in 1969. Heriot-Watt’s Edinburgh Business School (EBS) The following year Heriot-Watt was appointed one of Midlothian Council bought a 248 acre parkland pioneered the first global online education in business. the first of ‘a new breed of technological universities’. estate at Riccarton2, six miles south west of the The distance learning MBA was launched in 1990 Leading up to this the College had reinforced strong city and gifted it to the University. By 1974 the first and was the first globally available MBA that could links with business and industry and had seen growth phase of academic buildings had opened along be completed solely through self-contained course in new specialist departments in Pharmacy, Brewing, with student residences and sports facilities. It took materials and without attendance at classes on Physics and Civil Engineering. Running out of space in the next 20 years for all the University departments campus. EBS was formally created in 1995 and Chambers Street saw the creation of the Department to relocate to the Heriot-Watt Edinburgh Campus. has established a reputation of global significance. The School has over 20,000 alumni and 11,700 of Mining in the Grassmarket, with the opening of The University’s links with business and industry currently active students in over 165 countries. 1 a mine rescue station teaching life saving skills to entered a new era in 1971 when it established engineers and collieries across south east Scotland. the first University Research Park in Europe as Through the collaborative acquisition of Panmure The College also forged academic partnerships an integral part of the campus. Companies came House3, the former home of the father of modern with Edinburgh University to teach mining, electrical from near and far to build their own research economics, Adam Smith on Edinburgh’s Royal Mile and chemical engineering and trained architects and development laboratories and harness the in 2008, the Edinburgh Business School4 will in building science at the Edinburgh College of Art. commercial potential of academic research. use the venue as a place of continued research The College gradually shed its Elementary and in economics and debate in the years to come. National Certificate classes to focus on degree level and postgraduate studies. Receiving its university charter in 19661, Heriot-Watt University was running out of space. A new campus community was needed to combine academic buildings with sports and social facilities and student accommodation. The new university needed a new home.

2

3

HERIOT-WATT UNIVERSITY / OUR HERITAGE Pioneering leaders and solutions since 1821 14 /15 Leaders in Ideas Our Impact Our Journey and Solutions 4% Top 4% of universities globally. QS World University Rankings

Since 1821 our leading scholars have been delivering 2015/16. ground-breaking specialist education, developing practical solutions to global challenges. Today, our focus on the practical application of knowledge and learning for the betterment of society remains an essential characteristic of Heriot-Watt University. Throughout the 1900s the academic Further innovation followed the University’s curriculum of the College developed with Royal Charter: Dr Maria Rodriguez a strong emphasis on the needs of industry. Research Associate, Computational first Computer Science degree in Creativity Group, Goldsmiths, A snapshot of this includes: Scotland launched in 1966 University of London Maria’s research work within the European WHIM 1837 First summer classes in geology the establishment of the Esme project has been used for the production of the West and minerology Fairbairn Research Centre in 1970 saw End musical ‘Beyond the Fence’, conceived as the groundbreaking research in economics 1843 School of Arts began teaching French world’s first computer generated musical, and the TV the Institute of Offshore Engineering documentary ‘Computer Says Show’ filmed by Sky Arts. 1888 Printing classes introduced, established in 1972 with the emergence reflecting the prominence of the printing of the oil industry – today’s Institute Can you tell us about and papermaking industry in Edinburgh of Petroleum Engineering recognised your current job? 1898 Classes in Mining Engineering revived internationally as one of the world’s A: After graduating with a PhD in Computing at leading centre of excellence Heriot- Watt, I joined the Computational Creativity 1901 Academic collaboration established Group at Goldsmiths, University of London to work with Edinburgh University for teaching first British university to develop an as a Research Associate in the European WHIM degrees in engineering Honours degree in Actuarial Science project. For this project I’ve been conducting 1904 Dr Emil Westergaard taught the the world’s first global distance learning research in the first large-scale study of how first evening classes in brewing, reflecting MBA launched in 1990 software systems can be used to invent, evaluate Edinburgh’s position as a centre for the and present fictional ideas with cultural value. the Centre for Marine Biodiversity and brewing industry and making Heriot-Watt Biotechnology was created in 1999 University the only institution in Scotland How is the work you do to combine traditional studies with Research to teach brewing and distilling influencing tomorrow’s world? genetic analysis of marine organisms A: My research work is within the area of Excellence 1904 Associateship introduced, which to address the treatment of pollution Computational Creativity, which explores the potential The Research Excellence Framework eventually became equivalent to a degree and sustainability of natural resources. (REF) 2014 ranked Heriot-Watt 9th of computers to act as autonomous creators and university in the UK for impact with 1920 introduction of day classes in Throughout our history we have remained co-creators. Key to this research is the study of 82% of research ranked world-class. pharmacy taught by local pharmacist, open to change, adapting to the needs of our automatic concept generation, which is central to John C Henderson for students taking students and partners. This has ensured we the creative process in many scientific and cultural Find out more: the professional examinations of the have remained at the forefront of research in fields, and particularly important for interactive www.hw.ac.uk/research Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain many industry sectors while strengthening our systems, where creative exchanges between the user international networks of business and alumni. and the system play a key role. Enabling machines 1929 Foundation of Student’s to automatically generate interesting concepts would Representative Council result in an enhanced interaction between users and the introduction of new textile technology, computers, and would represent a step towards the design and management classes in the vision of areas such as AI and Computational Creativity Scottish Borders to address the decline whereby machines come to be regarded as worthy in weaving in the luxury textile industry. collaborators in their own right.

HERIOT-WATT UNIVERSITY / OUR HERITAGE Pioneering leaders and solutions since 1821 16/17 Global Ambition

SCOTTISH ROOTS, GLOBAL AMBITION I believe the most important factor Theo Chronopoulos RICCARTON ESTATE’S RICH HISTORY The fate of the estate was deeply affected by war. THE WATT CLUB From humble beginnings as the world’s first at Heriot-Watt is the interaction Dating back to the 12th century the Riccarton Estate, Two heirs died in battle in 1900 and1914. The army Founded in 1854 and with over 116,000 members Mechanics Institute in 1821 for working people with industry and other universities. MSc in Sustainability Engineering now home to Heriot-Watt University has a rich and commandeered the house and estate in 1939 as the worldwide, our alumni association, the Watt Club, PhD on CO2 Capture, Heriot-Watt Scottish Command headquarters for the liberation to a truly global university with five campuses This provides students with direct University, Centre for Innovation in turbulent past. First mentioned in 1296 when Marioie of provides a unique professional network. The Watt worldwide including Dubai and Malaysia, exposure to world-leading research, Carbon Capture and Storage (CICCS) Ricardstone had to swear allegiance to King Edward I of Norway. When the army gave up the estate in Club provides a support network and a platform 1954 the house was structurally unsound and was Heriot-Watt will continue to educate tomorrow’s industry-relevant courses and Theo graduated from the MSc Sustainability of England. By 1315 Robert the Bruce had regained for the exchange of knowledge and ideas. It is demolished the following year. The family sold the professionals and generate pioneering research high-quality facilities, combined Engineering programme in 2012 and went on to the land and bestowed it as a dowry when his daughter understood to be the oldest alumni association in estate to Midlothian County Council in 1969 and it that will make a difference in the real world. with appropriate industrial insight, start a career in research, undertaking a PhD in Marjory married Walter, High Steward of Scotland. the UK. A community of global leaders in ideas and was then gifted to the University. Today, the University solutions Heriot-Watt University provides unique resulting in a student experience that carbon capture technologies at Heriot-Watt University. By 1508 the Wardlaw family had built a fortified prepares you for industry as well Library, Museum and Archive stand on the site of benefits that combined deliver The Watt Advantage. tower at Riccarton to protect themselves and their Riccarton House. as possible future academic studies. What appealed to you most land. Of the subsequent owners the Craig (later about Heriot-Watt University? Theo Chronopoulos Gibson-Craig) family of lawyers who bought the A: Heriot-Watt University is an international estate in stages from 1605 had the most influence. university with lots of different cultures mixed together. The family and estate survived the political turmoil This means that there are a lot of different thinking of the 17th century and prospered by investing minds and backgrounds in one space, which creates in agricultural improvements. By 1830 Sir James Global a fantastic working environment, while promoting Gibson-Craig completed the transformation of teamwork, collaborations and thinking outside the Campuses Riccarton House into an elegant mansion, which box. In addition, the University’s research facilities Campuses in Edinburgh, Dubai, hosted high society gatherings. The family owned are of top standard, especially in the engineering field, Malaysia, Scottish Borders and Orkney most of the land in Currie and had close links with which makes the life of a PhD student much easier and 150 Learning Partners worldwide. local community, establishing Currie market and and more interesting. Last but not least, Heriot-Watt giving land to build the first school. Find out more: is a leading university in various research fields and www.hw.ac.uk/virtualtours has great links with local and worldwide industries. Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh Campus Edinburgh EH14 4AS T: +44 (0) 131 449 5111 F: +44 (0) 131 449 5153

Heriot-Watt University Dubai Campus Dubai International Academic City PO Box 294345 Dubai United Arab Emirates T: +971 4 435 8700 F: +971 4 447 7350

Heriot-Watt University Malaysia Campus No 1 Jalan Venna P5/2 Precinct 5 62200 Putrajaya Malaysia T: +60 3 8894 3888 F: +60 3 8894 3999

Heriot-Watt University Scottish Borders Campus Galashiels TD1 3HF T: +44 (0) 1896 753351 F: +44 (0) 1896 758965

Heriot-Watt University Orkney Campus International Centre for Island Technology (ICIT) Old Academy Back Road Stromness Orkney KW16 3AW United Kingdrom T: +44 (0) 1856 850605 www.hw.ac.uk