DOCSLIB.ORG

Crested Honey Buzzard Pernis Ptilorhynchus

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Crested Honey Buzzard Pernis Ptilorhynchus Crested Honey Buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus Status: LOWER RISK Population Trend: Unknown. Other Names: Asiatic Honey-buzzard, Common Honey-buzzard, Crested Honey- buzzard, Eastern Honey Buzzard, Eastern Honey-buzzard, Honey Kite, Oriental Honey- buzzard, Oriental Honey Buzzard. Distribution: Indomalayan/Palearctic . Breeds in two probably discrete populations, one from southern (temperate-zone) SIBERIA and northeastern CHINA south to Baikal, Amurland, Sakhalin, northern JAPAN and the Yellow Sea, and the other on the Indian subcontinent (INDIA, SRI LANKA) and southern CHINA south through the Malay Peninsula, PHILIPPINES, SUMATRA, JAVA, and BORNEO; northern breeding populations winter in INDIA, southern CHINA, southern JAPAN, MYANMAR, Malay Peninsula, INDONESIA, and the PHILIPPINES south to SULAWESI. Turkey: Vagrant (Laine 1996, Kirwan et al. 1998). Lebanon: The only records are one at Amoun on 7 October 2003 (Ramadan-Jaradi et al. 2004) and 10 reported past Bhamdoun between 27 August and 1 October 2006 (Balmer and Betton 2007). Jordan: Vagrant. A first-summer female was seen at the Aqaba sewer works on 17 April 2007 (Balmer and Betton 2007). Israel: Vagrant. Records include an adult male photographed in the Eilat Mountains on 14 May 1994 (Shirihai 1994, 1996) and six observed migrating over the Hula Lake, Northern Valleys, and Judean Desert during autumn 2007 (Balmer and Betton 2008). One wintered at Eilat through February 2008 (van den Berg and Haas 2008). Egypt: The only records are a bird recorded in May 1966 (Baha el Din and Baha el Din 1997) and another seen flying southwest over Sharm e-Sheik on 27 October 2007 (Balmer and Betton 2008). Kuwait: Scarce passage migrant (Gregory 2005). United Arab Emirates: Rare winter visitor from November to March. First recorded in November 1992, but apparently occurs annually (Richardson et al. 2003). One was seen at Hatta Dam on 13 July 2007, and up to three were recorded at Abu Dhabi city from 20 September onward (Balmer and Betton 2008). Oman: Vagrant, with single records in January, April, May, and September, and two in December (Eriksen et al. 2003). Seven were seen in West Salalah on 15 November 2007 (Balmer and Betton 2008). Yemen: Vagrant. The first record was a bird seen at Al-Kadana on 17 January 2007 (Balmer and Betton 2008). Gabon: Clark and Christy (2006) observed and photographed a bird near Tchimbélé, Monts de Crystal, on 13 August 2004, which they identified as this species. A majority of a panel of 13 experts who reviewed the photographs and text agreed that the bird was a Pernis , three thought it was an African Harrier-hawk in atypical plumage, and one thought it was a hybrid between P. ptilorhynchus and P. apivorus . If valid, this would represent the first record for sub-Saharan Africa. Russian Asia: Rare breeding species in southern Siberia, Transbaikal, Soviet Far East, and Sakhalin Island, inhabiting deciduous and coniferous forests (Flint 1984). Kazakhstan: Rare to scarce passage migrant ( orientalis ), occurring in eastern Kazakhstan, mainly in the Altai, the area south of Lake Balkhash, and the Tien Shan foothills, where the largest numbers have been observed at the Chokpak Pass (Wassink and Oreel 2007). Two juveniles were seen on 25 September 2003 at Kosmotanziya in Ili- Alatau National Park, in the Zailiyskiy Alatau at a record altitude of at least 4,500 m (Wassink and Oreel op cit.). Iran: Scarce winter visitor (Scott and Adhami 2006). Nepal: Fairly common resident and passage migrant (ruficollis) (Inskipp and Inskipp 1991). Bhutan: Frequent passage migrant in the temperate zone and foothills from 200-3,000 m and may also breed. Spring passage is from late March to late May, peaking from mid- May, and autumn passage is from late September to late November, peaking in the second half of October (Spierenburg 2005). Christmas Island: Vagrant, with a single record of a bird in December 2001 (Clarke 2003). South Korea: One of the most abundant raptors on Socheong Island, especially in autumn (Moores 2007). Hong Kong: Scarce passage migrant, mostly in autumn, with isolated winter records. Recorded in migration between 4 September to 30 October and 21 March to 20 April and in winter between 26 November to 5 February (Carey et al. 2001). Korea: One of the most numerous raptors recorded on Socheong Island (in the Yellow Sea west of the Korean Peninsula), especially in autumn, when as many as 1,240 have been recorded passing west in a single season (2005) (Moores 2007). There are also multiple records from both South Korea (Park 2002) and North Korea (Tomek 1999, Duckworth 2006). West Malaysia and Singapore: Regular and common passage migrant, less common non-breeding visitor, and presumed breeding resident (Wells 1999). Rare resident (torquatus) from low elevations up to 1,200 m, south to Johor. The race orientalis is a common passage migrant, particularly at Tanjung Tuan (Melaka), at both low and high elevations south to Singapore (Jeyarajasingam and Pearson 1999). Philippines Fairly common to common resident and migrant. The race palawanensis is endemic to Calauit and Palawan. The race philippensis is endemic to Basialn, Biliran, Catanduanes, Cebu, Leyte, Luzon, Mindanao, Mindoro, Negros, Panay, and Samar, and orientalis is a migrant, recorded from Jolo, Luzon, Mindoro, and Negros. Occurs from lowlands to middle elevations to about 1,500 m (Kennedy et al. 2000). Sumatra: Resident (torquatus) in forested areas in lowlands, but no confirmed breeding records (Van Marle and Voous 1988). Usually considered to be rare, but this is doubtful. The northern race orientalis was reported from November to February by Van Marle and Voous (op cit.), but Buij et al. (2006) recorded some birds as early as September. Their observations suggest that large numbers of this species are crossing the Straits of Malacca from Peninsular Malaysia as early as October, a month earlier than indicated by Medway and Wells (1976). Sabah: Common resident and winter migrant from sea level to 1,000 m (Sheldon et al. 2001). Thiollay (1983) regarded this species as the most common raptor at Gomantong and Kinabalu. Wallacea: Rare winter visitor (orientalis) in the Sulawesi subregion and the Lesser Sundas, but possibly also a local resident on Sumbawa and Flores, occurring from sea level to 1,200 m. Migrants occur from October to April (Coates and Bishop 1997). Australia: Vagrant, with only two records. A specimen in the Western Australian Museum was found dead near Kalgoorlie, Western Australia, in January 2003 (Anon. 2003) and a bird seen and photographed on 5 May 2005 at Waterfall Creek, Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory (Gregory 2007). Subspecies: 6 races. P. p. orientalis : Southern SIBERIA south to MANCHURIA, JAPAN, and KOREA; winters in southeastern Asia, INDONESIA, PHILIPPINES, and SULAWESI; P. p. palawanensis : PHILIPPINES (Palawan and Calauit); P. p. philippensis : Northern and eastern PHILIPPINES; P. p. ptilorhynchus : JAVA; P. p. ruficollis : INDIA and SRI LANKA east through BURMA to south-central CHINA; P. p. torquatus : Malay Peninsula, SUMATRA, and BORNEO. Some of the subspecies of P. ptilorhynchus listed here may be near the species threshold (Orta 1994). Other putative forms not accepted here include japonicus, neglectus, and gurneyi , applied to populations in Japan, Taiwan, and Burma, respectively. Taxonomy: The genus Pernis is a primitive accipitrid with no close relations to Buteo (Seibold and Helbig 1995). Wink (1995) found that it clusters with the Neophron/Gypaetus clade of Old World vultures. Based on molecular sequences of the cytochrome b gene, Gamauf and Haring (2004) found that the cuckoo hawks, Aviceda , form a sister group to Pernis , but their analysis indicated that Henicopernis and the Old World vultures, Gypaetus < and Neophron appear only distantly related to Pernis . The relationships of this form to Pernis apivorus have been much debated, and some authors (e.g., Brown and Amadon 1968) have lumped the two taxa into a single species, based partly on reports of individuals with intermediate characters from Siberia and Kazakhstan (Vaurie 1965). That possibility is disputed by some authors, and most recent authorities have continued to maintain them as separate species. Surprisingly, the molecular studies of Gamauf and Preleuthner (2005) indicated that the two species are monophyletic and do not even form a superspecies. Beaman (1994) provided well-reasoned arguments against the use of the name "Oriental Honey Buzzard" for this species, as had been proposed by Sibley and Monroe (1990), Peters (1931) recognized only a single species of Pernis ( P. apivorus ) with five subspecies. He placed the genus Pernis together with the genera Aviceda, Henicopernis, Leptodon, Chondrohierax , and Elanoides in a new subfamily, Perninae. Based on plumage development, morphological, and osteological characters (Jollie 1977) and skeletal and feather lice characters (Holdoway 1984), Pernis has been regarded as a basal lineage of the Accipitridae and clusters with the Old World vultures, Gypaetus and Neophron . De Boer and Sinoo (1984) also proposed a relationship between Pernis and Gypaetus , based on karylogical analyses. Finally, Wink (1995) and Wink and Sauer- Gürth (2000) confirmed these relationships, using molecular sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. In contrast, based on molecular sequences of the cytochrome b gene, Gamauf and Haring (2004) found that the cuckoo hawks, Aviceda , form a sister group to Pernis , but their analysis indicated that Henicopernis
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Disaggregation of Bird Families Listed on Cms Appendix Ii
    Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals 2nd Meeting of the Sessional Committee of the CMS Scientific Council (ScC-SC2) Bonn, Germany, 10 – 14 July 2017 UNEP/CMS/ScC-SC2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II (Prepared by the Appointed Councillors for Birds) Summary: The first meeting of the Sessional Committee of the Scientific Council identified the adoption of a new standard reference for avian taxonomy as an opportunity to disaggregate the higher-level taxa listed on Appendix II and to identify those that are considered to be migratory species and that have an unfavourable conservation status. The current paper presents an initial analysis of the higher-level disaggregation using the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World Volumes 1 and 2 taxonomy, and identifies the challenges in completing the analysis to identify all of the migratory species and the corresponding Range States. The document has been prepared by the COP Appointed Scientific Councilors for Birds. This is a supplementary paper to COP document UNEP/CMS/COP12/Doc.25.3 on Taxonomy and Nomenclature UNEP/CMS/ScC-Sc2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II 1. Through Resolution 11.19, the Conference of Parties adopted as the standard reference for bird taxonomy and nomenclature for Non-Passerine species the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World, Volume 1: Non-Passerines, by Josep del Hoyo and Nigel J. Collar (2014); 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 29 Number 1 April 2011
    BOOBOOK JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALASIAN RAPTOR ASSOCIATION Volume 29 Number 1 April 2011 ARA CONTACTS President: Victor Hurley 0427 238 898 [email protected] Secretary Nick Mooney 0427 826 922 [email protected] Treasurer VACANT Webmaster VACANT Editor, Boobook Dr Stephen Debus 02 6772 1710 (ah) [email protected] Boobook production Hugo Phillipps Area Representatives: ACT Mr Jerry Olsen [email protected] NSW Dr Rod Kavanagh [email protected] NT Mr Ray Chatto [email protected] Qld Mr Stacey McLean [email protected] SA Mr Ian Falkenberg [email protected] WA Mr Jonny Schoenjahn [email protected] Tas Mr Nick Mooney [email protected] Vic Mr David Whelan [email protected] New Zealand VACANT PNG/Indonesia Dr David Bishop [email protected] Other BOPWatch liaison Victor Hurley [email protected] Editor, Circus Victor Hurley Captive raptor advisor Michelle Manhal 0418 387 424 [email protected] Education advisor Greg Czechura 07 3840 7642 (bh) [email protected] Raptor management Nick Mooney 0427 826 922 [email protected] advisor Membership enquiries Membership Officer, Birds Australia, Suite 2-05, 60 Leicester Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053 Ph. 1300 730 075, [email protected] Annual subscription $A30 single membership, $A35 family and $A45 for institutions, due on 1 January. Bankcard and MasterCard can be debited by prior arrangement. Website: www.birdsaustralia.com.au/ara The aims of the Association are the study, conservation and management of diurnal and nocturnal raptors of the Australasian Faunal Region.
    [Show full text]
  • Codistributed Lineages of Feather Lice Show
    CODISTRIBUTED LINEAGES OF FEATHER LICE SHOW DIFFERENT PHYLOGENETIC PATTERNS A Dissertation by THERESE ANNE CATANACH Submitted to the Office of Graduate and Professional Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Chair of Committee, Nova J. Silvy Co-Chair of Committee, Robert A. McCleery Committee Members, Jessica E. Light Julio Bernal Head of Department, Michael P. Masser August 2017 Major Subject: Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences Copyright 2017 Therese A. Catanach ABSTRACT Recent molecular phylogenies have suggested that hawks (Accipitridae) and falcons (Falconidae) form 2 distantly related groups within birds. Avian feather lice have often been used as a model for comparing host and parasite phylogenies, and in some cases there is significant congruence between them. Using 1 mitochondrial and 3 nuclear genes, I inferred a phylogeny for the feather louse genus Degeeriella (which are all obligate raptor ectoparasites) and related genera. This phylogeny indicated that Degeeriella is polyphyletic, with lice from falcons and hawks forming 2 distinct clades. Falcon lice were sister to lice from African woodpeckers, while Capraiella, a genus of lice from rollers lice, was embedded within Degeeriella from hawks. This phylogeny showed significant geographic structure, with host geography playing a larger role than host taxonomy in explaining louse phylogeny, particularly within clades of closely related lice. However, the louse phylogeny broadly reflects host phylogeny, for example Accipiter lice form a distinct clade. Unlike most bird species, individual kingfisher species (Aves: Alcidae) are typically parasitized by 1 of 3 genera of lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera). These lice partition hosts by subfamily: Alcedoecus and Emersoniella parasitize Daceloninae whereas Alcedoffula parasitizes both Alcedininae and Cerylinae.
    [Show full text]
  • Aviceda Jerdoni in New Ornis Foundation Similipal Tiger Reserve, with Notes on Behaviour P.O
    Indian Birds Vol. 3 No. 2 (March–April 2007) 41 42 Indian Birds Vol. 3 No. 2 (March–April 2007) Indian Birds Vol. 3 No. 2. March–April 2007 ISSN 0973-1407 Editor Emeritus Zafar Futehally Contents Editor Aasheesh Pittie Migratory waterbirds of wetlands on southern West Bengal, India S. Mazumdar, K. Mookherjee & G. K. Saha 42 Associate Editor V. Santharam, PhD. Observations on breeding biology of three stork species Subscription information in Bhitarkanika mangroves, India Six issues will be published annually in February, Gopi G. V. & B. P andav 45 April, June, August, October, and December. Some new and interesting bird records from Bhutan Type Annual 3-year Individual Rs. 200 Rs. 600 A. U. Choudhury 51 Student (Up to 10th) Rs. 125 Rs. 375 Institution Rs. 600 Rs. 1,800 Breeding notes of six species of birds from Chiplun, Ratnagiri district, Foreign Individual $20 $60 Maharashtra (India) Foreign Institution $75 $225 S. B. Palkar, V. D. Katdare, V. K. Mahabal, V. V. Joshi, R. J. L ovalekar & A. Soman 54 Please make payments favouring Sightings of large numbers of Lesser Leptoptilos javanicus and New Ornis Foundation Add Rs.25/- for outstation cheques. Greater L. dubius Adjutant-Storks in Barpeta-Baksa area of Assam A. Choudhury 60 Send subscriptions by ordinary post to Editor, Indian Birds On the occurrence of Jerdon ’s Baza Aviceda jerdoni in New Ornis Foundation Similipal Tiger Reserve, with notes on behaviour P.O. Box # 2, Banjara Hills M. V. Nair61 Hyderabad 500034, India Email: [email protected] [Do not courier] Notes on the breeding of Jerdon’s Baza A viceda jerdoni in W ayanad district, K erala NEW ORNIS FOUNDATION C.
    [Show full text]
  • A Trait Dataset for Taiwan's Breeding Birds
    Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e49735 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.8.e49735 Data Paper A trait dataset for Taiwan's breeding birds Pei-Yu Tsai‡, Chie-Jen Ko §,|, Chia Hsieh¶#, Yi-Ting Su , Ya-Jung Lu‡, Ruey-Shing Lin§, Mao-Ning Tuanmu¤ ‡ Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan § Endemic Species Research Institute, Jiji, Nantou, Taiwan | Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ¶ BioSciences Department, Rice University, Houston, United States of America # Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan ¤ Thematic Center for Systematics and Biodiversity Informatics, Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan Corresponding author: Mao-Ning Tuanmu ([email protected]) Academic editor: Cynthia Parr Received: 30 Dec 2019 | Accepted: 08 May 2020 | Published: 19 May 2020 Citation: Tsai P-Y, Ko C-J, Hsieh C, Su Y-T, Lu Y-J, Lin R-S, Tuanmu M-N (2020) A trait dataset for Taiwan's breeding birds. Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e49735. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e49735 Abstract Background Species traits affect how a species interacts with the environment and other species and thus determine the role of the species in an ecosystem. They affect not only population dynamics of a species across space and over time, but also community structure and function through their key role in the community assembly processes. Information on species traits is also highly relevant for conservation planning as they determine the adaptive ability of a species in the face of environmental changes. However, information on species traits is usually scarce and sparsely distributed amongst diverse types of literature and sources.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Avian Biology JAV-00869 Wang, N
    Journal of Avian Biology JAV-00869 Wang, N. and Kimball, R. T. 2016. Re-evaluating the distribution of cooperative breeding in birds: is it tightly linked with altriciality? – J. Avian Biol. doi: 10.1111/jav.00869 Supplementary material Appendix 1. Table A1. The characteristics of the 9993 species based on Jetz et al. (2012) Order Species Criteria1 Developmental K K+S K+S+I LB Mode ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter albogularis 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter badius 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter bicolor 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter brachyurus 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter brevipes 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter butleri 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter castanilius 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter chilensis 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter chionogaster 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter cirrocephalus 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter collaris 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter cooperii 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter erythrauchen 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter erythronemius 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter erythropus 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter fasciatus 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter francesiae 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter gentilis 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter griseiceps 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter gularis 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter gundlachi 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter haplochrous 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter henicogrammus 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter henstii 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter imitator 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES
    [Show full text]
  • O Juvenile Plumage of Javan Crested Honey Buzzard, with Comments On
    Sexing of juvenile Montagu’s Harrier tributed and less evenly spaced, creating a pale blackish-brown. In nestlings, the iris is perhaps ‘boomerang’ (like in juvenile Pallid Harrier similarly coloured as the pupil or a shade paler; C macrourus ) more often than in juvenile male. after fledging, the iris becomes gradually paler The dark secondaries are darker on the underside but, throughout the first year, it is still brown (cf and, on average, also darker on the upperside, Clarke 1996, Forsman 1999). with more obvious dark bars. On the upperwing, the primaries are generally darker, with a less grey Acknowledgements wash and less obvious pale primary base; con- I thank Daniele Aliffi, Maurizio Azzolini, Valerio sequently, in flight, there is a less obvious contrast Cappello, Carmela Cardelli, Roberto Gildi, between the dark secondaries and the pale prima- Marcello Grussu, Carmelo Iapichino and Marco ry base. As already described, the axillaries and Preziosi for their help; and the bird hospitals I the greater underwing-coverts have distinct dark visited for permitting me to photograph the in- marks. Only rarely, these marks are less distinct, jured Montagu’s Harriers in their care. with a pattern similar to that of juvenile male. The white rump-patch is normally more extensive, References broader than in juvenile male. The tail is in most Clarke, R 1996. Montagu’s Harrier. Chelmsford. cases darker than in juvenile male, with darker Forsman, D 1995. Field identification of female and rectrices having darker and more obvious bars, juvenile Montagu’s and Pallid Harriers. Dutch Birding 17: 41-54. especially on the outer rectrices.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing the Impacts of Agriculture and Its Trade on Philippine Biodiversity Andrea Monica D
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/861815; this version posted December 3, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Assessing the impacts of agriculture and its trade on Philippine biodiversity Andrea Monica D. Ortiz1* and Justine Nicole V. Torres2* 1 Institute for Sustainable Resources, University College London, London, UK 2 Parabukas, Inc., Manila, Philippines *joint first-authors. Correspondence to [email protected] or [email protected]. Abstract The Philippines is home to a high number of unique species that can be found nowhere else in the world. However, its unique species and ecosystems are at high risk because of habitat loss and degradation. Agricultural land use and land use change are major drivers of biodiversity loss in the Philippines. In the Philippines, an important area that requires focus is plantation agriculture (monocropping) for high-value crops such as banana and pineapple, which are grown widely in the country, particularly in the island of Mindanao. The intensive nature of plantation agriculture means that it has many adverse effects on the environment while producing goods and commodities that are typically for trade and export with international partners. This means that local biodiversity losses may be driven by countries thousands of kilometers away. While many global studies have attempted to understand how biodiversity impacts are embodied within agricultural goods, there are few studies that have investigated the Philippines specifically.
    [Show full text]
  • The Coracoid Sulci Are Peculiar in Their Depth and Narrowness. the Dorsal
    M. JOLLIE, FALCONIFORMES(part IV) 1(201) The coracoid sulci are peculiar in their depth and narrowness. The dorsal margins of the sulci have distinct, anteriorly facing coracoid pads, correlated with the reduced posterior flange of the coracoid. In Henpetothenee there are large, separate, lateral processcs, while Mieraetun, Miluago, Polyborua, and some species of Faleo have these processes noved toward the midline; a single median dorsal spine is found typically in Faleo (fig. 166). These processes are produced by ossifications in the origins of the supraeo"aeoi-deus muscles. Sna1l lateral processes are indicated in Spiziapteryx along with a nedian one. The sternocoracoid processes jut upward, out, and forward and end bluntly. The sternocoracoid fossa is like that of the accipitrid. The costal margin has five to six distinct rib articulations separated by pneunatic fossae (fig, 767). The Fig. L67. Lateral views of sterna of A. Faleo merieanus, B. Henpetothenes eaehinnans. sternal plates are cupped anteriorly.for the viscera but atre flat posteriorly. The posterior margin is square; it may be complete, or have a pair of fenestrae or notches (fig. 168). B Fig. 168. Ventral views of posterior part of sterna of A. Ealco mesieanua, two specimens (a and b); B. Microhierat eaeruleseens. The keel is thin; it is usually deepest along its anterior pi1lar. In outline it is roughly triangular with the anterior margin jutting slightly or distinctly forward and showing only a *** Evol. Theory 3:1-141 (October, f977) Part IV recelved September 9, L975; May 27 , I9TT 1977, The Unlverslty of Chlcago 9 2(202) M.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Season: an Analysis of the Pet Trade in Medan, Sumatra 1997 - 2001 I OPEN SEASON
    OPEN SEASON: An analysis of the pet trade in Medan, Sumatra 1997 - 2001 Chris R. Shepherd Jeet Sukumaran Serge A.Wich A TRAFFIC SOUTHEAST ASIA REPORT Published by TRAFFIC Southeast Asia, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia © 2004 TRAFFIC Southeast Asia All rights reserved. All material appearing in this publication is copyrighted and may be produced with permission. Any reproduction in full or in part of this publication must credit TRAFFIC Southeast Asia as the copyright owner. The views of the authors expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the TRAFFIC Network, WWF or IUCN. The designations of geographical entities in this publication, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of TRAFFIC or its supporting organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The TRAFFIC symbol copyright and Registered Trademark ownership is held by WWF, TRAFFIC is a joint programme of WWF and IUCN. Layout by Noorainie Awang Anak, TRAFFIC Southeast Asia Suggested citation:Chris R. Shepherd, Jeet Sukumaran, Serge A. Wich (2004) Open Season:An analysis of the pet trade in Medan, Sumatra 1997 - 2001 TRAFFIC Southeast Asia ISBN 983-3393-02-0 Photograph credit (cover): Black-capped Lory Lorius lory, for sale in Medan, Sumatra (Chris R. Shepherd/TRAFIC Southeast Asia) Open Season: An analysis of the pet trade in Medan, Sumatra 1997 - 2001 i OPEN SEASON: An analysis of the pet trade in Medan, Sumatra 1997 - 2001 Chris R. Shepherd Jeet Sukumaran Serge A.Wich : Chris R.
    [Show full text]
  • Olume 33 • No 3 • 2011
    DUTCH BIRDINGVOLUME 33 • NO 3 • 2011 Dutch Birding Dutch Birding HOO F D R EDACTEU R Arnoud van den Berg (023-5378024, [email protected]) ADJUNCT HOO F D R EDACTEU R Enno Ebels (030-2961335, [email protected]) UITVOE R END R EDACTEU R André van Loon (020-6997585, [email protected]) FOTOG R A F ISCH R EDACTEU R René Pop (0222-316801, [email protected]) REDACTIE R AAD Peter Adriaens, Sander Bot, Ferdy Hieselaar, Gert Ottens, Roy Slaterus, Roland van der Vliet en Rik Winters REDACTIE -ADVIES R AAD Peter Barthel, Mark Constantine, Dick Forsman, Ricard Gutiérrez, Killian Mullarney, Klaus Malling Olsen, Magnus Robb, Hadoram Shirihai en Lars Svensson Internationaal tijdschrift over REDACTIEMEDEWE R KE R S Max Berlijn, Harvey van Diek, Nils van Duivendijk, Steve Geelhoed, Palearctische vogels Marcel Haas, Jan van der Laan, Hans van der Meulen, Kees Roselaar, Vincent van der Spek, Jan Hein van Steenis, Pieter van Veelen en Peter de Vries PR ODUCTIE EN LAY -OUT André van Loon en René Pop REDACTIE Dutch Birding ADVE R TENTIES Leon Boon, p/a Dutch Birding, Postbus 75611, 1070 AP Amsterdam Duinlustparkweg 98A [email protected] 2082 EG Santpoort-Zuid ABONNEMENTEN De abonnementsprijs voor 2011 bedraagt: EUR 39.50 (Nederland en België), Nederland EUR 40.00 (rest van Europa) en EUR 43.00 (landen buiten Europa). Abonnees in Nederland [email protected] ontvangen ook het dvd-jaaroverzicht. U kunt zich abonneren door het overmaken van de abonnementsprijs op girorekening FOTO R EDACTIE 01 50 697 (Nederland), girorekening 000 1592468 19 (België) of bankrekening 54 93 30 348 van ABN•AMRO (Castricum), ovv ‘abonnement Dutch Birding’.
    [Show full text]
  • Secretary of State's Standards of Modern Zoo Practice (Made Under Section 9 of the Zoo Licensing Act 1981)
    www.defra.gov.uk Secretary of State’s Standards of Modern Zoo Practice Secretary of State’s Standards of Modern Zoo Practice © Crown copyright 2012 You may re-use this information (not including logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence. To view this licence, visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/ or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or e-mail: [email protected] This document/publication is also available on our website at: http://www.defra.gov.uk/wildlife-pets/zoos/ Any enquiries regarding this document/publication should be sent to us at: Zoos Branch, Wildlife Species Conservation Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Zone 1/14b Temple Quay House 2 The Square Temple Quay Bristol BS1 6EB Telephone: 0117 372 3606 Email: [email protected] PB Number PB13806 Secretary of State’s Standards of Modern Zoo Practice Contents Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1 Interpretation of terms used ................................................................................................. 1 Animal welfare in the zoo environment ................................................................................ 2 Section 1 - Provision of food and water ............................................................................... 4 Section 2 - Provision of a suitable environment ..................................................................
    [Show full text]