CANYONS & - NOS. 1 - 4 INDEX

ANIMALS Deer Composition Counts No.1(p.6) Raccoon Problem No.2(p.1) Lion Sign in Bat Draw No.2(p.2) Extirpated Wildlife of CCNP (Part 1) No.2(p.3) Cowbird Parasitism at Rattlesnake Springs No.2(p.5) Extirpated Wildlife of CCNP (Part 2) No.3(p.8) Update on Cowbird Parasitism No.4(p.5) Aliens No.4(p.9) 1996-97 Christmas Bird Count No.4(p.11)

BATS Bat Guano for Sale No.1(p.2) Mexican Free-tailed Bat Monitoring No.1(p.3) Bat Identification Project - Lechuguilla No.1(p.7) Mexican Free-tailed Bat Count Estimate No.2(p.2) Update on Fringed Myotis Bats in Carlsbad Cavern No.2(p.5) Vampires in the U.S. No.3(p.2) Go'N Batty No.3(p.5) Bat Rabies - Fact Vs. Fiction No.3(p.7) Counting Bats: The 8.7 Million Number No.3(p.10) Constantine's Free-tailed Bat No.3(p.11)

CALENDAR OF EVENTS Issue No. 1 No.1(p.8) Issue No. 2 No.2(p.8) Issue No. 3 No.3(p.13) Issue No. 4 No.4(p.13)

CARLSBAD CAVERN Carlsbad Cavern Ground Sloth No.1(p.5) Infiltration Study at Carlsbad Cavern No.2(p.2) CO2 Levels in Carlsbad Cavern No.3(p.3) Radon in CCNP No.3(p.9) Project to Replace Lower Cave Ladders No.4(p.2) Carlsbad Cavern Survey No.4(p.6)

INSECTS & MICROBES Rabies Vaccine No.1(p.4) Hantavirus No.1(p.8) Microbe Study Continues - Lechuguilla No.2(p.2) Histoplasmosis - A Fungus Among Us No.2(p.4) What Kind of Bugs Live Here? No.2(p.7) Butterflies of the Fall No.3(p.3) Update on Microbes in Lech by Dr. Mallory No.4(p.1) Biota of Wood Debris Piles and Signature Pool No.4(p.1) Life Below the Surface No.4(p.3) The Beetle Rhadine Longicollis No.4(p.10)

GEOLOGY & MINERALS Moonmilk No.3(p.11) LECHUGUILLA CAVE More on Lechuguillian Minerals No.1(p.7) Hydrochemistry of Lechuguilla No.1(p.7) Clastic Sediment Magnetostratigraphy No.1(p.7) Lechuguilla Cave Line Plot No.2(p.10) Yates Well Update No.3(p.1) Update on Drilling North of the Park No.4(p.1)

PARK INFORMATION Air Quality Projects in the Guadalupes No.1(p.5) Park Water Lines No.2(p.2) Who's Who - Harvey DuChene No.2(p.8) Summer Rainfall No.3(p.2) Russian Cavers Visit No.2(p.3) Rafting Walnut Canyon No.3(p.12) Who's Who - J. Michael Queen No.3(p.13) SCA's and VIP's No.4(p.2)

PARK POLICIES Cave & Arch. Site Locations No.1(p.1) Historic Items No.2(p.1) Projects Should Conform to Park Policies No.3(p.1) Coins from Carlsbad Cavern No.4(p.1)

PLANTS Prescribed Fires and Vegetation Plots No.1(p.2)

SEARCH & RESCUE Mock Rescue - Hall of the White Giant No.1(p.4) Vertical Training Workshop No.2(p.2) Lechuguilla Rescue No.3(p.2) Vertical Rescue Techniques Training No.4(p.2) Mock Rescue - Lower Cave No.4(p.2)

WORLD & BEYOND Sarawak Chamber in Good Luck Cave (Borneo) No.1(p.2) Earth's Magnetic Reversals No.1(p.2) Asteroid Named Ida No.2(p.3) Long Caves of the World No.2(p.9) Deep Caves of the World No.2(p.9) NSS Reward for Vandalism No.3(p.14) Vandalism Leads to Arrests at Mammoth Cave No.4(p.2) U.S. Fish & Wildlife Sting No.4(p.3) Jaguar Sightings No.4(p.3) The Advent of Mechanical Ascenders No.4(p.11) The Jumar Factory No.4(p.12) 1997 INDEX CANYONS & CAVES Nos. 5-7

ANIMALS Black Bears in Carlsbad Caverns National Park No.6, p.2 Bullfrogs: Friend or Foe No.5, p.9 Cave Swallows No.5, p.2 Cougars at CCNP No.7, p.2 Gray-footed Chipmunk No.7, p.6 Mountain Lion Sighting No.6, p.2 Number of Species Found in the Park No.6, p.2 Rattlesnake Springs Amphibians & Reptiles No.6, p.6 Rattlesnake Springs Cowbird Study Update No.5, p.6 Ringtail Removal No.5, p.1 The Portage Voyage of the SS Munyan on the Black River No.5, p.11 BATS Bats Found in Carlsbad Cavern No.6, p.2 Science Fact or Bat Fiction No.5, p.5 Studying Bats in the Park No.5, p.10 Wildlife Observations No.5, p.13 CALENDAR OF EVENTS Calendar No.5, p.13 Calendar No.6, p.8 Calendar No.7, p.10 CARLSBAD CAVERN Dermestid Beetles No.6, p.1 Infiltration Study No.5, p.3 Infiltration Study Completed No.6, p.1 New Discoveries in Carlsbad Cavern No.5, p.7 New Light Switches No.7, p.1 Resurvey of Carlsbad Cavern: An Update No.6, p.5 Restoration in Carlsbad Cavern No.5, p.2 in Bat Cave No.6, p.1 Upcoming Cave Research No.5, p.2 FIRE Fire Effects Monitoring No.5, p.2 Prescribed Fires: Reintroducing Fire in the Desert Ecosystem No.6, p.3 GEOLOGY & GEOGRAPHY "Chinese Wall" in Slaughter Canyon Cave No.5, p.3 Geologic History: The Tobosa Basin and Woodford Sea No.7, p.6 View of the Permian Equator No.6, p.8 What is GPS No.7, p.8 HISTORY Women of Carlsbad Caverns National Park: 1920-1940 No.7, p.3

HYDROLOGY Infiltration Study No.5, p.3 Infiltration Study Completed No.6, p.1 Rattlesnake Springs Hydrology Study No.5, p.1 INSECTS & MICROBES Bat Rabies No.5, p.3 Dermestid Beetles No.6, p.1 Scorpions at Carlsbad Caverns National Park No.5, p.8 LECHUGUILLA CAVE Long In the Western Borehole No.5, p.3 New Discoveries in Lechuguilla No.6, p.4 On Underground Wilderness No.6, p.3 Upcoming Cave Research No.5, p.2 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Letter No.6, p.7 Letter No.7, p.10 NATIONAL POLICIES N.E.P.A. For Poets: A Primer No.7, p.7 PARK INFORMATION First Step in Science No.7, p.5 IPM News No.5, p.1 Moncrief APD's No.6, p.1 Rainfall at CCNP No.6, p.7 Resource Management From the (Under)Ground Up No.5, p.4 Snowfall at CCNP No.7, p.1 Working with Disney Film Crew No.6, p.2 RATTLESNAKE SPRINGS BullFrogs: Friend or Foe No.5, p.9 Herpetology at Rattlesnake Springs No.5, p.1 Rattlesnake Springs Amphibians & Reptiles No.6, p.6 Rattlesnake Springs Cowbird Study Update No.5, p.6 Rattlesnake Springs Hydrology Study No.5, p.1 Updating the Rattlesnake Springs Management Plan No.5, p.4 WORLD & BEYOND Martian Carbonates No.7, p.1 Mexican Wolves No.5, p.3 More on Mexican Wolves No.6, p.2 The Portage Voyage of the SS Munyan on the Black River No.5, p.11

1998 INDEX CANYONS & CAVES Nos. 8-11

ANIMALS Banner-tailed Kangaroo Rat No.10, p.4 Black-tailed Rattlesnake No.10, p.4 Cornering a Lion! No.11, p.7 Desert Shrew No. 8, p.2 Lawsuit Over Mountain Lions No. 9, p.1 Living in Lion Country No.11, p.8 Mountain Lion Monitoring Project-Biannual Report: Fall 1998 No.11, p.8 Mountain Lion Transect Results from 1998 No. 9, p.2 Nelson’s Pocket Mouse No. 9, p.5 New Era in Pest Management No.11, p.2 Pocket Gophers No.11, p.3 Rattlesnake Springs Cowbird Study Update No. 9, p.6 Texas Antelope Squirrel No. 9, p.5 Two Ringtails No. 8, p.1

BATS Bat Flight Viewing: Preserving the Opportunity No. 9, p.2 Flash Photography at Bat Flight No. 8, p.1 Flash Photography at Bat Flight No. 9, p.1 Fringed Myotis Bats No. 9, p.1

CALENDAR OF EVENTS Calendar No. 8, p.10 Calendar No. 9, p.10 Calendar No.10, p.8

CARLSBAD CAVERN Historic Items No.10, p.1 Mystery of the Scattered Pearls No.10, p.2 Recent Restoration & Survey in Carlsbad Cavern & Lechuguilla Cave No. 9, p.2 Save Our Cave Day No. 8, p.1

FIRE Wildland Fire Management in the Guadalupe Mountains No. 8, p.6

GEOLOGY & GEOGRAPHY Age-dating the Texas Toothpick in Lower Cave No.11, p.6 Ages of Carlsbad Cavern and Lechuguilla Cave No. 8, p.2 Barite “” in Lechuguilla Cave No.10, p.3 The Cave is Growing Hair! No.11, p.7 From Reef to Caves No. 8, p.10 Helictites and Subaqueous Helictites No.10, p.5 Lunar Leche No. 8, p.6 What is that Black Stuff? No. 8, p.9

HYDROLOGY Carlsbad Cavern: Looking to the Future No. 9, p.8 Identifying Wetlands at Rattlesnake Springs No.10, p.3 Rattlesnake Springs Aquifer No.11, p.1

INSECTS & MICROBES Biomes: The Promise of Cave-Dwelling Microbes No. 9, p.7 Cave Corrosion Residues: Anybody Home? No.11, p.5 Collembollans No. 9, p.7 Plague: A Disease to Avoid No. 9, p.4

LECHUGUILLA CAVE Dateline Lechuguilla No. 8, p.6 Lechuguilla Cave Culvert Replacement: An Environmental Assessment No.11, p.4 Lechuguilla Trivia No. 8, p.10 Lechuguilla Surpasses 100 Miles No.11, p.1 October 1998 LEARN Survey Expedition No.11, p.1 The Titantic and Lechuguilla No. 8, p.1

PARK INFORMATION New Park Waterline No.11, p.1 Rock Climbing Policy No. 9, p.1 SAR Technical Rescue Exercise No.11, p.1 Sewer Leak No. 9, p.1 Spring & Summer Weather No.10, p.1

PLANTS The Battle Against Weeds No. 8, p.3 Vegetation Monitoring in a Management Context No. 9. p.4 Yes, We Have Algae No.10, p.6

BEYOND PARK BOUNDARIES And the Times, They are A Change’n No.10, p.5 National Cave & Research Institute No.11, p.2 Second Voyage of the PS Munyon No. 8, p.10

1999 INDEX CANYONS & CAVES Nos. 12-15

ANIMALS Bell’s Vireo Update No.13, p.2 Common Gray Fox No.15, p.4 Frog in the Flume: Management of the Rio Grande Leopard Frog No.14, p.4 Jaguars in New Mexico No.12, p.2 Keeping a Field Journal No.15, p.4 Reintroduced Fish Populations at Rattlesnake Springs No.14, p.2 Skunks of the Park No.12, p.2 Wild Animals No.12, p.1 White-Ankled Mouse No.15, p.7 BATS Adopt-A-Bat Projects No.14, p.9 Bat Banding No.14, p.2 Bats of Lechuguilla Update No.12, p.5 Fringed Myotis Bats in Carlsbad Cavern No.13, p.2 Slaughter Canyon Cave News No.12, p.1 CARLSBAD CAVERN Angel Hair Identified No.13, p.1 Carlsbad Cavern Resurvey 1999 Update No.15, p.2 Fringed Myotis Bats in Carlsbad Cavern No.13, p.2 Lower Cave Historic Artifact Removal No.12, p.4 Second Annual “Save Our Cave” Day No.12, p.6 GEOLOGY & GEOGRAPHY Angel Hair Identified No.13, p.1 HYDROLOGY Pre-design Plan for Carlsbad Cavern Area No.13, p.1 Pre-design Plan for Carlsbad Cavern Area No.15, p.1 INSECTS & MICROBES The Glowing Green Light: An Explanation No.14, p.9 LECHUGUILLA CAVE Bats of Lechuguilla Update No.12, p.5 Lechuguilla Exploration and Survey Update No.13, p.3 Recent Lechuguilla Exploration No.14, p.3 Recent Lechuguilla Happenings No.15, p.6 OTHER CAVES Slaughter Canyon Cave News No.12, p.1 Oh! The Damage Done No.12, p.5 PARK INFORMATION & HAPPENINGS Babbitt Visits the Park No.12, p.1 Busy Fall for Surface Resources No.14, p.1

PARK INFORMATION & HAPPENINGS (CONTINUED) Enemy of the Dark No.12, p.7 NEPA News No.14, p.1 NEPA is 30 No.12, p.3 Native American Awareness Day No.15, p.2 New Water Line (photo) No.12, p.1 Roads and Parking Lots Get Resurfaced (photo) No.13, p.1 SAR Training No.15, p.1 PLANTS Cactus Morphometrics Made Easy No.15, p.3 Largest Lechuguilla Plants? No.14, p.6 Plants Outside My Window No.15, p.2 Texas Madrone No.14, p.8 The Whorled Milkplant No.14, p.7 Vegetation Map of Carlsbad Caverns National Park No.14, p.9 BEYOND PARK BOUNDARIES Book Review: Dark Life No.15, p.4 14th National Cave & Karst Management Symposium No.15, p.1 Hu’e Hu’e Cave, Hawaii No.12, p.1 Inside Earth Newsletter No.12, p.1 Mineral Withdrawal Proposals No.15, p.1 National Cave & Karst Research Institute Update No.14, p.2 National Cave & Karst Research Institute Steering Committee No.14, p.6 New World Depth Record No.12, p.1 2000 INDEX CANYONS & CAVES Nos. 16 - 19

ANIMALS Amphibian and Reptile List for CCNP No.19, p.12 Butterflies of the Park No.19, p.4 Cave Swallow Study No.19, p.1 Gray-banded Kingsnake Listed as State Endangered No.16, p.5 Living in Lion Country No.17, p.2 Merriam's Kangaroo Rat No.17, p.8 Mountain Lion Monitoring Project: Spring 2000 No.17, p.2 Recent Observations of Toads at Rattlesnake Springs No.17, p.13 Exotic Wildlife No.18, p.5 BATS Mexican Free-tailed Bat Photo-monitoring Update No.17, p.9 Mexican Free-tailed Bat Winter Roost Survey No.19, p.2 BEYOND PARK BOUNDARIES BLM Land Withdrawal No.16, p.1 Global Recognition of Chihuahuan Desert Biodiversity No.16, p.7 Interim Director for the National Cave & Karst Research Institute No.18, p.1 Lincoln National Forest Land Withdrawal No.16, p.2 National Cave & Karst Research Institute - Status and Plans No.19, p.2 National Geographic Magazine No.16, p.2 Restoration Project in Caves on Lincoln National Forest No.17, p.1 Survey of Mexican Cave Wintering Sites for Mexican Free-tails No.16, p.13 CARLSBAD CAVERN Age Dating Bat Guano from the Big Room No.16, p.2 Age Dating Bat Skeleton from Lower Cave No.16, p.2 Carlsbad Cavern Protection Plan No.16, p.1 Cave Questions & Answers No.17, p.11 Down the Drain and Into the Cave No.16, p.2 Eternal Kiss or Frustrated Lovers? No.17, p.2 High School Students Collect Samples No.18, p.6 Lint Camp 2000 No.19, p.2 Reason for Green Lake Color No.16, p.2 Recent Cave Research, Restoration & Survey No.18, p.3 Restoration of Cave Waters Using "Living Machines " No.16, p.3 Weeklong Restoration Deemed a Success No.17, p.6 GEOLOGY & HYDROLOGY Cave Trays No.19, p.10 Tracing the Water at Carlsbad Cavern No.19, p.11 (2000 Index - Canyons & Caves - Continued)

INSECTS & MICROBES Insects: Bees & Termites No.18, p.1 LECHUGUILLA CAVE Lechuguilla Cave Culvert Access Replacement No.19, p.6 Lechuguilla Culvert Replacement Project No.16, p.8 Lechuguilla Culvert Replacement Project Update No.18, p.1 Restoration Project in the Pellucidar Area No.17, p.2 Science at Lechuguilla: 1999 OTHER CAVES FBI Investigation No.17, p.1 Slaughter Canyon Cave: Questions & Answers No.17, p.12 Spider Cave: Questions & Answers No.17, p.11 Two New Caves No.17, p.1 PARK INFORMATION & HAPPENINGS Archeology: Definitions, Terms & Time Periods No.16, p.14 Biological Inventory & Monitoring No.19, p.1 Compliance Documents No.19, p.1 Exotic Plant Control Team Stationed at Park No.17, p.1 New Permanent Positions in Resource Management Offices No.17, p.1 Recent Losses No.19, p.1 Resources Careers Initiative: Improving Science in the Parks No.16, p.9 Search & Rescue Training 2000 No.19, p.9 PLANTS Alligator Juniper No.17, p.14 Excitement about Liverworts in CCNP No.19, p.9 Pine Trees of the Park No.16, p.7 Pink Blossomed Tree in Bat Cave Draw No.16, p.2 The Living Desert: Lechuguilla Plant No.18, p.7 White Horehound: An Invading Plant Pest No.17, p.6 RATTLESNAKE SPRINGS (RS) A Tale of Two Nests: Spring 2000 Bell's Vireo Update No.17, p.7 Funding Boost for Restoration of RS Riparian Area No.16, p.5 Recent Observations of Toads at RS No.17, p.13 Volunteer Project No.19, p.2 2001 INDEX CANYONS & CAVES Nos. 20 - 23

ANIMALS Counting Birds No.20, p.7 Counting Cougars No.23, p.1 Great Kiskadee at Rattlesnake Springs No.20, p.2 Landscape Design in the Chihuahuan Desert No.20, p.2 New Bird Species Added to Park List No.20, p.2 Park Now Has Two Important Bird Areas No.20, p.2 Small Mammal Trapping in the Park No.20, p.3 BATS Bat Identification No.21, p2 Identifying Flying Bats No.22, p.3 Listening for Bats No.21, p.9 June 2001 Bat Photomonitoring Update No.21, p.3

BEYOND PARK BOUNDARIES Congratulations to Diana Northup No.23, p.1 National Cave & Karst Research Institute Website No.23, p.1 New World Cave Depth Record No.21, p.1 The Gypsum Karst Plain & the Castile Formation No.22, p.7 World's Longest & Deepest Caves No.21, p.10

CARLSBAD CAVERN Age Dating Bat Guano from the Big Room No.20, p.1 Carlsbad Cavern Vandalism No.21, p.1 Dye Tracing at Carlsbad Cavern No.21, p.5 Lower Cave Walkways Update No.23, p.4 Trail Markers at Carlsbad Caverns National Park No.22, p.6

FIRE MANAGEMENT

Fire Literature Review No.21, p.2 Fire Management Plan Update No.21, p.1 New Fire Management Plan No.20, p.1

GEOLOGY & HYDROLOGY Bell Canopies No.20, p.6 Shields No.22, p.4

(2001 Index - Canyons & Caves - Continued)

INSECTS & MICROBES Cave Crickets No.20, p.8 Ground-Nesting Bees No.21, p.6 Microbial Research No.21, p.2

LECHUGUILLA CAVE Bat Skulls Returned No.23, p.2 Lechuguilla Cave Culvert Access Replacement Project No.20, p.2 Lechuguilla Cave Culvert Access Replacement Project No.22, p.1 Survey Resumes in Lechuguilla Cave No.23, p.2 OTHER CAVES Two New Caves in Park No.20, p.2 New Caves in the Park No.22, p.2

PARK INFORMATION & HAPPENINGS Division Changes No.22, p.2 Housing Area Changes No.23, p.2 SCA Returns for GPS Mapping No.23, p.2 Search and Rescue Training 2001 No.23, p.5 Surface Resouces News No.20, p.2 Surface Resources SCA's No.20, p.1 "Temporary Building" Removed No.22, p.2 Visiting Scientists No.23, p.1 Water Tank Removal No.20, p.1 Water Tank Removal No.21, p.2 Welcome to the New Chief No.21, p.1

PLANTS Endangered Species No.21, p.2 Exotic Plants Management Plan No.20, p.1 Malta Starthistle is NOT Yellow Starthistle No.23, p.4 Revegetation Project No.22, p.2 "Save the Surface" Day No.20, p.2 Vegetation Mapping No.21, p.2

RATTLESNAKE SPRINGS (RS) Great Kiskadee at Rattlesnake Springs No.20, p.2 Rattlesnake Springs Habitat Restoration Continues No.20, p.6 2002 INDEX CANYONS & CAVES Nos. 24 - 27

ANIMALS Migratory Bird News - International Migratory Bird Day No.24, p.2 Migratory Bird News - Shade Coffee Saves Our Migratory Birds No.24, p.2 Ringtails in Carlsbad Cavern No.27, p.2 West Nile Virus and Birds No.26, p.3

BATS Bat Guano and Cosmetics No.26, p.3 Bats Inhabited the Big Room 45,850 Years Ago No.27, p.3 New Discoveries from Bat Echolocation Patterns No.27, p.3

BEYOND PARK BOUNDARIES Bat Conservation International Grants No.26, p.2 New National Cave & Karst Research Institute Director No.27, p.1 Our Chihuahuan Desert Network No.24, p.4 Partial Solar Eclipse No.25, p.4

CARLSBAD CAVERN Bats Inhabited the Big Room 45,850 Years Ago No.27, p.3 Bexar Grotto Restoration No.24, p.2 Carlsbad Cavern Protection Plan & EA No.27, p.1 Cave Exploration, Survey, Inventory and Updates No.25, p.11 No.25, p.2 Lint Camp 2002 No.27, p.1 Lower Cave Walkways Completed No.25, p.2 Park Elevators: Details Change a Factoid to a Good Story No.24, p.12 Practice Rescue from Hall of the White Giant No.24, p.3 Recent Restoration in Carlsbad Cavern No.26, p.7 Ringtails in Carlsbad Cavern No.27, p.2 Some 1930's Caverns' Publicity No.25, p.9 The Billing Doves (Cover Photo) No.24, p.1 "Tunnel Vision" and the 1925 Budget at Carlsbad Cave NM No.26, p.4 Volunteers in Park - The Lint Pickers No.27, p.5

CAVE SCIENCE Bats Inhabited the Big Room 45,850 Years Ago No.27, p.3 Cave Science at Carlsbad Caverns National Park No.24, p.9 Fixing Survey Blunders in Cave Survey Data No.24, p.5 New Discoveries from Bat Echolocation Patterns No.27, p.3 Palmers Visit - Late Stage History of Guadalupe Caves No.26, p.2 Carlsbad Area Paleoclimate Research No.26, p.8

(2002 Index - Canyons & Caves - Continued)

INSECTS & MICROBES Invertebrate News - Monarch Butterflies Devastated No.24, p.8 Invertebrate News - New Mexico Names Official State Butterfly No.24, p.8 Invertebrate News - Potter Wasps & Frog Fruit for Wildlife No.26, p.6 Invertebrate News - Saving Centipedes No.25, p.4 Invertebrate News - Velvet Ants No.24, p.7 West Nile Virus and Birds No.26, p.3

LECHUGUILLA CAVE Cave Exploration, Survey, Inventory and Cartography Updates No.25, p.10 Challenge-Cost Share Helps Establish I & M Program No.27, p.7 Lechuguilla Cave Length Update No.26, p.2 2002 Lechuguilla Cave Exploration and Survey Summary No.27, p.8

OTHER CAVES Cave Exploration, Survey, Inventory and Cartography Updates No.25, p.12 Park Cave Count Reaches 100 No.24, p.1 Slaughter Canyon Cave Research - Paleoclimate Study No.25, p.3 Slaughter Canyon Cave Research - Excavation No.25, p.3 Two New Caves No.26, p.1 Update on Slaughter Canyon Cave Excavation No.26, p.2

PARK INFORMATION & HAPPENINGS Adios & Thanks to Mick Holm No.26, p.1 Adios to Jason Richards No.25, p.4 Carlsbad Wilderness No.27, p.9 Infrastructure Removal Continues No.25, p.6 New Carlsbad Cavern NP Postcard No.25, p.3 Pesticide Records No.24, p.1 Pesticides and Carlsbad Caverns National Park No.25, p.7 Rope Skills Class No.24, p.1 RS&S Division Cleans Up No.26, p.2 1998 Employee Reunion Reveals Glimpses of the Past No.27, p.6

PLANTS How Plants Fight Back No.24, p.4 Native Uses of Desert Plants No.25, p.4

RATTLESNAKE SPRINGS (RS) USGS at Rattlesnake Springs No.26, p.2 2003 INDEX CANYONS & CAVES Nos. 28 - 31

ANIMALS Barbary Sheep and CCNP No.31, p.3 Christmas Bird Count at CCNP No.31, p.2 Cover Photo - Barbary Sheep in the Slaughter Canyon Area No.31, p.1 Harvester Ants and Horned Lizards No.29, p.2

BEYOND PARK BOUNDARIES Civilian Conservation Corp. Information No.31, p.3 International Migratory Bird Day No.28, p.5 New Mexico Wildlife License Plates No.31, p.3

BIOLOGY When is a Toad not a Toad No.30, p.2

CARLSBAD CAVERN Aging Ladders on the Route to the New Mexico Room No.31, p.11 Carlsbad Cavern Exploration and Survey Summary No.31, p.7 Carlsbad Cavern Resource Protection Plan No.29, p.2 Carlsbad Cavern Resource Protection Plan - FONSI Signed No.30, p.1 Cave Pearls Return to Lower Cave No.29, p.2 Central Oklahoma Grotto Attacks Cave Muck No.30, p.8 EBAY Auctions No.30, p.2 Longfellow's Bathtub Cleanup No.31, p.2 New Railings in Left-Hand Tunnel No.28, p.2

CAVE SCIENCE 2002 Summary of Cave Science No.28, p.9 Cave Climate Monitoring No.29, p.4 Selected Cave Science Summaries No.30, p.4

GEOLOGY Some Small-scaled Solutional Features No.29, p.2

HISTORY 70th Anniversary of the Civilian Conservation Corp No.29, p.9 Hispanic Heritage Month 2003 - Two Men Serving Others No.30, p.7 Interpreting Women's History Beyond Women's History Month No.28, p.10

CANYONS & CAVES INDEX 2003 (Continued)

INSECTS Bees & More Bees No.30, p.2 CCNP - A Hotspot for Dragonfly Enthusiasts No.28, p.3 Harvester Ants and Horned Lizards No.29, p.2 Invertebrate News _ Butterflies, Flies, and Gnats Still Active No.31, p.10 Invertebrate News - CCNP Invertebrates in the News No.31, p.10 Invertebrate News - Entomology at Rattlesnake Springs No.29, p.8 Invertebrate News - Miller Moths Vital to Ecosystem No.29, p.9 Invertebrate News - Rare Damselfly No.29, p.8 Stay Calm No.30, p.10 Where do Insects Spend the Winter? No.31, p.9

LECHUGUILLA CAVE Cover Photo - Zanzibar Area No.30, p.1 EBAY Auctions Cave Pearl No.30, p.2 Lechuguilla Cave Update No.28, p.6 The Promised Land - New Discovery No.30, p.10

PARK INFORMATION & HAPPENINGS A Week of Search & Rescue - February 2003 No.28, p.6 CCNP - A World Heritage Site No.28, p.2 Congratulations to Chuck Barat No.31, p.1 Employee Death No.29, p.2 Improving Slaughter Canyon Cave Access Trail No.29, p.7 Mission 66 Update No.29, p.2 New Biology Staff No.31, p.2 New Caves No.28, p.2 NPS Mission Aided by Park Volunteer Peggy Justice No.31, p.8 One More Cave No.29, p.2 Welcome to Hildy Reiser No.31, p.2

PLANTS Cover Photo - Stenandrium barbatum No.28, p.1 Cover Photo - Texas Madrone No.29, p.1 Last of the Cottonwoods No.31, p.1 Netleaf Hackberry: A Study in Biological Complexity No.28, p.8

RATTLESNAKE SPRINGS (RS) Invertebrate News - Entomology of Rattlesnake Springs No.29, p.8 2004 INDEX CANYONS & CAVES Nos. 32-35

ANIMALS The Barbary “Sheep”: Not a Sheep or a Goat No.33, p.5 Big Summer for Mammals at CCNP No.34, p.4 Brief History of Mexican Free-tailed Bat Census Work No.34, p.6 Cave Swallows and the Yellow Salsify No.33, p.6 How Many Bats? Advanced Thermal Imaging No.34, p.7 International Migratory Bird Day Honors Cave Swallows No.32, p.7

BEYOND PARK BOUNDARIES Birding Has Become a $32 Billion Business No.33, p.2 Cave Resource Assessment on the Trinity NF No.33, p.2 Local Earthquake No.33, p.1

BIOLOGY Biology Branch News No.32, p.2 Christmas Count No.35, p.7

CARLSBAD CAVERN Civil Defense Barrels Removed No.32, p.2 PBSS Rubble Haul No.32, p.3 Save Our Cave Day 2004 No.32, p.9 Troll Town Bridge Project No.32, p.5

CAVE SCIENCE 2004 Summary of Science in the Cave of CCNP No.35, p.9 The Ups and Downs of Folia No.33, p.7

GEOLOGY Local Earthquake No.33, p.1 The Ups and Downs of Folia No.33, p.7 HISTORY Civil Defense Barrels Removed No.32, p.3 Cover Photo – 1924 in the King’s Palace No.32, p.1 Elizabeth Lee – Early Woman Explorer No.32, p.3 Ray V. Davis in Early Caverns History No.33, p.4 The Takeover of Carlsbad Caverns – July 10, 1979 No.34, p.4

CANYONS & CAVES INDEX 2003 (Continued)

INSECTS Bees Return for SCC Drinks of Drips No.33, p.9 False Chinch Bugs Spark Curiosity No.33, p.8 Pity the Brown Recluse No.33, p.3

LECHUGUILLA CAVE 2003 Lechuguilla – Exploration & Inventory Summary No.32, p.10 2004 Lechuguilla Cave Summary No.35, p.2 New Depth for Lechuguilla Cave No.32, p.1 Cave Pearls in the Motherlode – Cover Photo No.35, p.1

PARK INFORMATION & HAPPENINGS 2004 Search and Rescue Highlights No.35, p.10 Cave Research Foundation Receives Award No.34, p.2 December 23 Snowfall No.35, p.2 New Cave No.35, p.2 New RS&S Chief No.34, p.2 One More Cave No.32, p.3 Questions about the Weather No.33, p.8 Rainfall for 2004 No.35, p.2 Search and Rescue Training 2004 No.32, p.6 Spring & Summer Rains No.34, p.1 Thanks and Goodbye to Supt. Mary Gibson Scott No.32, p.1 Two New Caves No.33, p.2 Upcoming Construction Projects No.32, p.2 Working with the Discovery Channel No.33, p.2

PLANTS Cover Photo – Lush Plant Growth No.34, p.1 Native Grass Seeds for Revegetation No.33, p.1 Frog Fruit Nectar Available Early this Year No.33, p.9 RATTLESNAKE SPRINGS

SLAUGHTER CANYON CAVE Bees Return for SCC Drinks of Drips No.33, p.9 Cover Photo – The Klansman No.33, p.1