UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Invasion Mechanisms of The
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OGC-98-5 U.S. Insular Areas: Application of the U.S. Constitution
United States General Accounting Office Report to the Chairman, Committee on GAO Resources, House of Representatives November 1997 U.S. INSULAR AREAS Application of the U.S. Constitution GAO/OGC-98-5 United States General Accounting Office GAO Washington, D.C. 20548 Office of the General Counsel B-271897 November 7, 1997 The Honorable Don Young Chairman Committee on Resources House of Representatives Dear Mr. Chairman: More than 4 million U.S. citizens and nationals live in insular areas1 under the jurisdiction of the United States. The Territorial Clause of the Constitution authorizes the Congress to “make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property” of the United States.2 Relying on the Territorial Clause, the Congress has enacted legislation making some provisions of the Constitution explicitly applicable in the insular areas. In addition to this congressional action, courts from time to time have ruled on the application of constitutional provisions to one or more of the insular areas. You asked us to update our 1991 report to you on the applicability of provisions of the Constitution to five insular areas: Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (the CNMI), American Samoa, and Guam. You asked specifically about significant judicial and legislative developments concerning the political or tax status of these areas, as well as court decisions since our earlier report involving the applicability of constitutional provisions to these areas. We have included this information in appendix I. 1As we did in our 1991 report on this issue, Applicability of Relevant Provisions of the U.S. -
Corallimorph and Montipora Reefs in Ulithi Atoll, Micronesia: Documenting Unusual Reefs
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303060119 Corallimorph and Montipora Reefs in Ulithi Atoll, Micronesia: documenting unusual reefs Article · May 2016 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.51289 CITATIONS READS 0 174 6 authors, including: Nicole Crane Peter Ansgar Nelson Cabrillo Community College District University of California, Santa Cruz 21 PUBLICATIONS 248 CITATIONS 26 PUBLICATIONS 272 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Giacomo Bernardi University of California, Santa Cruz 367 PUBLICATIONS 4,728 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: One People One Reef: Micronesian outer islands View project Stay or Go View project All content following this page was uploaded by Nicole Crane on 13 May 2016. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original document and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. Corallimorph and Montipora Reefs in Ulithi Atoll, Micronesia: documenting unusual reefs NICOLE L. CRANE Department of Biology, Cabrillo College, 6500 Soquel Drive, Aptos, CA 95003, USA Oceanic Society, P.O. Box 844, Ross, CA 94957, USA One People One Reef, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA MICHELLE J. PADDACK Santa Barbara City College, Santa Barbara, CA 93109, USA Oceanic Society, P.O. Box 844, Ross, CA 94957, USA One People One Reef, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA PETER A. NELSON H. T. Harvey & Associates, Los Gatos, CA 95032, USA Institute of Marine Science, University of California Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA One People One Reef, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA AVIGDOR ABELSON Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Israel One People One Reef, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA JOHN RULMAL, JR. -
B: Other U.S. Island Possessions in the Tropical Pacific
Appendix B Other U.S. Island Possessions in the Tropical Pacific1 Introduction Howland, Jarvis, and Baker Islands There are eight isolated and unincorporated is- Howland, Jarvis and Baker are arid coral islands lands and reefs under U.S. control and sovereignty in the southern Line Island group (figure B-l). Aside in the tropical Pacific Basin. Included in this cate- from American Samoa, Jarvis Island is the only gory are: Kingman Reef, Palmyra and Johnston other U.S.-affiliated island in the Southern Hemi- Atolls in the northern Line Island group; Howland, sphere. These islands lie within one-half degree Baker and Jarvis Islands in the southern Line Is- from the equator, in the equatorial climatic zone. land group; Midway Atoll at the northwest end of During the 19th century the United States and the Hawaiian archipelago; and Wake Island north Britain actively exploited the significant guano de- of the Marshall Islands. Evidence indicates that posits found on these three islands. Jarvis Island some of these islands were not inhabited prior to was claimed by the United States in 1857, and sub- “Western” discovery; and today some remain unin- sequently annexed by Britain in 1889. Jarvis, Howland, habited. and Baker Islands were made territories of the These islands range from less than 1 degree south United States in 1936, and placed under the juris- latitude to nearly 29 degrees north latitude and from diction of the Department of the Interior. The is- 162 degrees west to 167 east longitude. The climate lands currently are uninhabited. regimes range from arid to wet and equatorial to These atolls were used as weather stations and subtropical. -
Early Cultural and Historical Seascape of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument
Early Cultural and Historical Seascape of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument Archival and Literary Research Report Jesi Quan Bautista Savannah Smith Honolulu, Hawai’i 2018 Early Cultural and Historical Seascape of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument Archival and Literary Research Report Jesi Quan Bautista Savannah Smith Honolulu, Hawai’i 2018 For additional information, please contact Malia Chow at [email protected]. This document may be referenced as Pacific Islands Regional Office [PIRO]. 2019. Early Cultural & Historical Seascape of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument. NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIRO Special Publication, SP-19-005, 57 p. doi:10.25923/fb5w-jw23 Table of Contents Preface................................................................................................................................. 1 Use as a Reference Tool ..................................................................................................... 1 Acknowledgments............................................................................................................... 1 Cultural-Historical Connectivity Within the Monument .................................................... 2 WAKE ATOLL || ENEEN-KIO ..................................................................................... 4 JOHNSTON ATOLL || KALAMA & CORNWALLIS ................................................. 7 PALMYRA ATOLL || HONUAIĀKEA ..................................................................... -
51 Subpart 3.70—Fourteenth Coast Guard District
Coast Guard, DHS § 3.70–20 latitude 47°32′00″ N, longitude 123°18′00″ due south to latitude 40° N.; thence due W; thence west along latitude 47°32′00″ east to longitude 150° W.; thence south- N to the outermost extent of the EEZ; easterly through latitude 5° S., lon- thence northeast along the outermost gitude 110° W. extent of the EEZ to the Canadian bor- der; thence east along the Canadian [CGFR 61–40, 26 FR 10352, Nov. 3, 1961, as amended by CGFR 70–150, 36 FR 912, Jan. 20, border to the point of origin. 1971] [USCG–2006–25556, 72 FR 36326, July 2, 2007] § 3.70–10 Sector Honolulu Marine In- § 3.65–15 Sector Portland Marine In- spection Zone and Captain of the spection Zone and Captain of the Port Zone. Port Zone. Sector Honolulu’s office is located in Sector Portland’s office is located in Honolulu, HI. The boundaries of Sector Portland, OR. The boundaries of Sector Honolulu’s Marine Inspection Zone and Portland’s Marine Inspection and Cap- Captain of the Port Zone comprise the tain of the Port Zones start at the State of Hawaii, including all the is- Washington coast at latitude 47°32′00″ lands and atolls of the Hawaiian chain N, longitude 124°21′15″ W, proceeding and the adjacent waters of the exclu- along this latitude east to latitude sive economic zone (EEZ); and the fol- 47°32′00″ N, longitude 123°18′00″ W; lowing islands and their adjacent wa- thence south to latitude 46°55′00″ N, ters of the EEZ: American Samoa, longitude 123°18′00″ W; thence east Johnston Atoll, Palmyra Atoll, King- along this latitude to the eastern Idaho man Reef, Wake Island, Jarvis Island, state line; thence southeast along the Howland and Baker Islands, and Mid- Idaho state line to the intersection of way Island. -
No Detection of Brodifacoum Residues in the Marine and Terrestrial Food Web Three Years After Rat Eradication at Palmyra Atoll, Central Pacific
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln USDA National Wildlife Research Center - Staff U.S. Department of Agriculture: Animal and Publications Plant Health Inspection Service 2019 No detection of brodifacoum residues in the marine and terrestrial food web three years after rat eradication at Palmyra Atoll, Central Pacific A. Wegmann Island Conservation, [email protected] G. Howald Island Conservation S. Kropidlowski Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge N. Holmes Island Conservation A.B. Shiels USDFollowA, APHIS,this and WS, additional National works Wildlif at:e Researhttps://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdm_usdanwrch Center c Part of the Natural Resources and Conservation Commons, Natural Resources Management and Policy Commons, Other Environmental Sciences Commons, Other Veterinary Medicine Commons, Population Biology Commons, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons, Veterinary Infectious Diseases Commons, Veterinary Microbiology and Immunobiology Commons, Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Epidemiology, and Public Health Commons, and the Zoology Commons Wegmann, A.; Howald, G.; Kropidlowski, S.; Holmes, N.; and Shiels, A.B., "No detection of brodifacoum residues in the marine and terrestrial food web three years after rat eradication at Palmyra Atoll, Central Pacific" (2019). USDA National Wildlife Research Center - Staff Publications. 2272. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdm_usdanwrc/2272 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Department of Agriculture: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in USDA National Wildlife Research Center - Staff Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. A. Wegmann, G. Howald, S. Kropidlowski, N. Holmes and A.B. Shiels Wegmann, A.; G. -
Biosecurity Plan
PEBBLE PROJECT RECORD OF DECISION ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT ALASKA MARINE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE (AMNWR) BIOSECURITY PLAN Ecological Biosecurity Plan for Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge Version 1.1 February 2020 This document should be cited as: Flynn, L.M. and J.C. Williams. 2020. Ecological Biosecurity Plan for Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge. U.S. Fish and Wildl. Serv. Rep. AMNWR 20/??. Homer, Alaska. For more information, contact: Jeff Williams, Assistant Refuge Manager Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge 95 Sterling Hwy, Ste. 1 Homer, Alaska 99546 907-235-6546 [email protected] Central cover image: Buldir Island (Ronan Dugan/USFWS) Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge Page 2 Ecological Biosecurity Plan CONTENTS ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................................4 Definitions ............................................................................................................................................................4 Purpose .................................................................................................................................................................4 Audience ...............................................................................................................................................................5 -
Terrestrial Forest Management Plan for Palmyra Atoll
Prepared for The Nature Conservancy Palmyra Program Terrestrial Forest Management Plan for Palmyra Atoll Open-File Report 2011–1007 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover: Images showing native species of the terrestrial forest at Palmyra Atoll (on the left from top to bottom: red-footed boobies, an undescribed gecko, and a coconut crab). The forests shown are examples of Pisonia grandis forest on Lost Islet (above) and an example of coconut palm monoculture on Kaula Islet (below) at Palmyra Atoll. (Photographs by Stacie Hathaway, U.S. Geological Survey, 2008.) Terrestrial Forest Management Plan for Palmyra Atoll By Stacie A. Hathaway, Kathryn McEachern, and Robert N. Fisher Prepared for The Nature Conservancy Palmyra Program Open-File Report 2011–1007 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Marcia K. McNutt, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2011 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Suggested citation: Hathaway, S.A., McEachern, K., and Fisher, R.N., 2011, Terrestrial forest management plan for Palmyra Atoll: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011–1007, 78 p. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. -
MCBI's Comments to the USCRTF: Degrading Shipwrecks Devastating
Marine Conservation Biology Institute William Chandler, Vice President for Government Affairs February 24, 2011 Marine Conservation Biology Institute’s Comments to the US Coral Reef Task Force Meeting Degrading Shipwrecks Devastating Coral Reefs in the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument US Coral Reef Task Force chairs, members, and fellow participants, My name in Bill Chandler and I am the Vice President for Government Affairs at Marine Conservation Biology Institute. MCBI is a global leader in the fight to protect vast areas of the ocean. We use science to identify places in peril and advocate for bountiful, healthy oceans for us and future generations. I am here today to update you on a serious problem affecting some of our nation’s most pristine coral reefs. At the 2009 US Coral Reef Task Force meeting in San Juan, the Task Force was briefed on marine debris impacts on coral. One impact comes from abandoned derelict vessels. As mentioned in the 2009 presentation, two shipwrecks located within the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument, one at Palmyra Atoll and one at Kingman reef, are causing an ecosystem “phase shift” within the monument’s reefs resulting in the destruction of hundreds of acres of corals. I am here today to give you an update on these wrecks. As you will recall, a 121-foot Taiwanese fishing boat sank on Palmyra Atoll in 1991 and an 85-foot fishing vessel was discovered on Kingman Reef in August 2007. In addition to the initial harm to the reef from the groundings of each wreck, other problems have developed. -
Sex, Polyps, and Medusae: Determination and Maintenance of Sex in Cnidarians†
e Reviewl Article Sex, Polyps, and Medusae: Determination and maintenance of sex in cnidarians† Runningc Head: Sex determination in Cnidaria 1* 1* i Stefan Siebert and Celina E. Juliano 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA t 95616, USA *Correspondence may be addressed to [email protected] or [email protected] r Abbreviations:GSC, germ line stem cell; ISC, interstitial stem cell. A Keywords:hermaphrodite, gonochorism, Hydra, Hydractinia, Clytia Funding: NIH NIA 1K01AG044435-01A1, UC Davis Start Up Funds Quote:Our ability to unravel the mechanisms of sex determination in a broad array of cnidariansd requires a better understanding of the cell lineage that gives rise to germ cells. e †This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which t may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: [10.1002/mrd.22690] p e Received 8 April 2016; Revised 9 August 2016; Accepted 10 August 2016 c Molecular Reproduction & Development This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved DOI 10.1002/mrd.22690 c This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved A e l Abstract Mechanisms of sex determination vary greatly among animals. Here we survey c what is known in Cnidaria, the clade that forms the sister group to Bilateria and shows a broad array of sexual strategies and sexual plasticity. This observed diversity makes Cnidariai a well-suited taxon for the study of the evolution of sex determination, as closely related species can have different mechanisms, which allows for comparative studies.t In this review, we survey the extensive descriptive data on sexual systems (e.g. -
Wildlife Health from Land to Sea: Impacts of a Changing World
58th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association Wildlife Health from Land to Sea: Impacts of a Changing World Program and Abstracts August 2—7, 2009 Blaine, Washington 58th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association Semiahmoo, Blaine, Washington USA 2009 THANK YOU TO OUR SPONSORS Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Platinum Sponsor $10,000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Gold Sponsor $5,000 USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services Gold Sponsor $5,000 Nevada Bighorns Unlimited, Reno Chapter Silver Sponsor $2,500 US Geological Survey Silver Sponsor $2,500 Utah Division of Wildlife Resources Silver Sponsor $2,500 American Association of Wildlife Veterinarians $1,500 Oregon State University $1,000 International Wildlife Veterinary Services, Inc $1,000 Mule Deer Foundation $750 Wild Sheep Foundation $750 Idaho Department of Fish and Game $500 U.C. Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Wildlife Health Center in-kind Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife in-kind Nevada Department of Wildlife in-kind Wildlife Conservation Society in-kind Cover Photo: By permission: Orcinus orca by Billy Doran Eclipse Photography http://www.wclipsephoto.org/ Back Cover Photo: Colin Gillin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded the printing of this year’s program 58th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association August 2-7, 2009 Semiahmoo Blaine, Washington Program & Abstracts 58th Annual International Conference of the Wildlife Disease Association Semiahmoo, Blaine, -
USDI-FWS Award F13AC00200 Final Report
USDI-FWS Award F13AC00200 Final Report The ecology of Rhodactis howesii at Palmyra Atoll: determining mechanisms of invasion and patterns of succession Principal Investigator: Dr. Jennifer E. Smith; PhD. Student:Amanda L. Carter, Scripps Institution of Oceanography Email: [email protected], [email protected] March 12, 2016 Motivation: Invasive species represent a persistent form of biotic pollution across multiple aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. These invaders put pressure on native species and can cause local or regional extinctions as native species are outcompeted for valuable resources. Invasive species are often introduced to an ecosystem through anthropogenic vectors (transfer mechanisms); including but not limited to ship-ballast water, agricultural trade, and in some instances, deliberate introduction. Although many invasions are the result of the introduction of a non-native species, there are cases in which disturbances in an ecosystem may cause a species that was native but present in low abundance to proliferate and spread in a manner similar to an invasive non-native species. The mechanism of the invasion of the corallimorph Rhodactis howesii at Palmyra Atoll has been a matter of debate since the species was first observed in the 1990s. The goals of our research were to examine possible mechanisms that may influence the invasion of the corallimorph across the atoll as well as to monitor spread, and investigate potential control options. Specifically, we examined whether there was evidence to suggest that iron released from the Hui Feng Longliner shipwreck might have provided a limiting nutrient that allowed the corallimorph to bloom. Further, we established a number of permanent monitoring plots across the atoll to monitor change in abundance over time.