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History of the Stonewall Jackson Manual Training and Industrial School the Controlling Authority Has Been

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History of the Stonewall Jackson Manual Training and Industrial School the Controlling Authority Has Been CI)e Library of the Onitoewitp of Jftortb Carolina Collection of j]2ottI) Catoliniana f 2Tf)i*3 book toag piwnteti C3k4 This booh must not be taken from the Library building. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill http://www.archive.org/details/historyofstonewaOOhawf HISTORY OF THE STONEWALL JACKSON MANUAL TRAINING AND INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL CONCORD, NORTH CAROLINA 1946 By S. G. Hawfield Published by the Boys of the Printing Department, Stonewall Jackson Manual Training and Industrial School, Leon Godown, Instructor. : FOREWORD This book has grown out of the universal feeling of the need for a history of both the establishment and the operation of the Jack- son Training School in North Carolina. The school has now been in operation for a period of more than thirty-seven years, and prior to this time there has been no other effort to write an account of the work of this important institution. It is hoped that the readers of this publication will find in it many interesting and helpful facts, but in this connection it should be ex- plained that there is no thought that this represents a complete his- tory of the school. It would have been possible, with more time and facilities for study and research, to have prepared a more extensive and a more elaborate history of the school. One of the most interesting features of this publication is the fact that it traces the change in the conception which the public has had of a training or correctional institution. It has been a slow and evolutionary process, but today the general public has a vastly dif- ferent understanding of the function of a training school, because it is now generally recognized as a home, school, and workshop for underprivileged and wayward boys. This book is designed to accomplish five definite purposes (1) To familiarize and acquaint the citizens of the state, both men and women, with the work of the school since its beginning. The school has faced many difficult problems, but in spite of these it has accomplished marvelous things for many boys. (2) To endeavor to promote among the public a more favorable attitude towards training schools, to the end that many more un- derprivileged, wayward boys and girls in the state may have a bet- ter chance in life than they otherwise would have had. It is hoped that this publication may be an inspiration to the citizenship of this state. (3) To assemble and put into written form some of the outstand- ing achievements of certain civic and religious leaders who, by their spirit of unselfish service, deserve the everlasting credit and praise of the people of this state. (4) To assemble and publish some pertinent information relating to social problems which may be of very great interest and help- fulness to collegiate students in sociology classes, to case workers, to state leaders in social programs, and to other leaders in the va- rious civic clubs in the state. (5) To give credit to the various staff leaders who have labored here at this institution throughout the years, and who have done such a magnificent job, far beyond the line of duty.—S. G. H. IP a. 3 o w s TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword Acknowledgements Introduction 1 Chapter I Developing Sentiment for a Training School 2 Efforts of the State Board of Charities 3 Efforts of the King's Daughters 5 Efforts of James P. Cook and Others 10 Messages of Governors 14 II Legislative Enactment Creating the Stonewall Jackson Manual Training and Industrial School and Subsequent Amendments 16 III The Purpose and Function of the Training School 20 IV Early Beginnings of the Institution 23 V Organizational Set-up 26 Board of Trustees 26 Superintendents 33 Staff Members 38 J. C. Fisher, Assistant Superintendent 45 VI Gifts and Bequests 48 VII Population Statistics 58 VIII Financial Statistics 78 IX A Description of the School Plant or Facilities 88 X Outline of Present Program 98 Admission and Orientation 98 Life in the Cottages 100 Academic School Department 101 The Health Program 102 Extra-Curricular Aftivities 105 Religious Activities 107 Specialized Trade Training Departments 108 The Reviewing Committee 118 The Treatment Program 120 The Post-Treatment of Parolees 122 XI The Training School's Contribution to World War II 123 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Acknowledgement is here made to the following individuals who have assist- ed in assembling the materials for this book, and who have given invaluable co- operation in every way possible: C. B. Barber, former Jackson Training School Budget Officer; Charles E. Boger, former Superintendent of the Jackson Train- ing School; Mrs. J. P. Cook, former Associate Editor of "The Uplift," and wife of the first Chairman of the Board of Trustees; Christopher C. Crittenden, Secretary, N. C. State Department of Archives and History; J. C. Fisher, Assistant Superintendent of Jackson Training School; Leon Godown, Instructor in Printing Department of Jackson Training School; Miss Ellen Niblock, Secretary to the Superintendent; W. F. Prouty, Head of Department of Geol- ogy and Geography, UNC; Miss Easdale Shaw, former member of the Board of Trustees; and J. Lee White, Farm Supervisor. Grateful acknowledgement is also made for the use of all publications and source materials used in this book. BIBLIOGRAPHY Shaw, Easdale, The History of the North Carolina Branch of the Interna- tional Order of the King's Daughters and Sons, 1929. Williams, Herbert D., "A Philosophy of a Training School," The Proceedings, Vol. 8, No. 2, The National Association of Training Schools. Preston, E. R., "State Progress in the Humanities," an address on progres- sive and humanitarian laws of North Carolina. "Reclaiming Our Boys," Greensboro Daily News, Sept. 7, 1919. Cook, James P., "The Story of the Stonewall Jackson Training School." The Uplift, Vol. IX, No. 11, January 15, 1921. The Lewis Publishing Company, North Carolina Biography. (History of North Carolina,) 1919. The Lewis Publishing Company, North Carolina Biography. (North Caro- lina—The Old North State and the New, 5 vols) 1941. Department of Justice of the State of North Carolina, The General Statutes of North Carolina of 1943, 4 vols., vol. 3. Public Laws of North Carolina, Sessions of 1907 and 1925. Public Laws of North Carolina, Extra Session 1936, Regular Session 1937. Dillon, Clyde A., "Public Welfare News," Vol. 7. No.l, March, 1944. — S. Glenn Hawfield, Superintendent, 1942 INTRODUCTION The Stonewall Jackson Training School, which rates as the state's first and largest correctional institution, was created by a session of the Legislature in the year 1907. The doors of the school were first opened for the reception of boys on January 12, 1909. Since this historical sketch is being written in the year 1945 it means this in- stitution has been functioning in the state for a period of more than 36 years. This interval represents approximately the span of a life- time, and during this time the institution has filled an important position in the life of the state. , .. The school was created by the General Assembly in response to the insistent pleas and petitions of numerous civic-minded leaders in the state and at the request of the social and welfare agencies which were functioning at that time. It might be said that the establish- ment of the institution was a rather slow process and that it was by no means spontaneous or without opposition. In fact, it came into being primarily because there was in the state a courageous and dauntless group of men and women who had a burning desire to give to the unfortunate and under-privileged wayward boys a decent chance in life which they had not had elsewhere. In a brief historical sketch such as this, it will, of course, be im- possible to document all the pleas, the petitions and the arguments that preceded the creation of the institution. Neither will it be possible to document the anxieties, the heartaches, the discourage- ments and the disappointments that attended its establishment and its meager beginning. Neither will it ever be possible to put into history all that has transpired in the life of the school. Through- out the intervening years since the doors of the institution were first opened, thousands of wayward boys who, no doubt, were head- ed for careers of degradation and crime have found their places here at the school and have been trained for useful living in the state. Because of its outstanding contribution the institution has become inseparably linked with the educational and social welfare programs of the state. It has consistently ministered throughout the years to the stream of fine boys and young men who have found here their first and only chance in life to live in a wholesome environment and be self-respecting individuals. It has been a haven of refuge to boys from broken homes and to many boys who were orphans or who were the victims of poverty, evil environments and parental neglect. Generally the boys themselves have had no control over these un- wholesome conditions but have simply been overwhelmed by the forces of an unkind destiny. Many of these boys had their ideals and aspirations for noble living, but they did not have a fair chance. 2 Stonewall Jackson Manual Training and Industrial School There is no doubt but that the institution has rendered a conspic- uous service to the state. When appraised on the basis of any criterion it ranks high among the social agencies and similar in- stitutions of the state. It is not only the oldest training and cor- rectional institution but it has always been the largest of its kind.
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