Security Council Official Records
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Encounters with Amin 2013 Ron Stockton
Encounters with Amin 2013 Ron Stockton I crossed paths with Idi Amin three times. He had started as an army cook with a fourth grade education, been promoted to commander of Uganda military forces, and ended up as President for Life of the country (until he was overthrown in 1979). My first encounter was in 1966 when I was living in Machakos. Milton Obote, the Prime Minister in neighboring Uganda, had just crushed his rival, the Kabaka, with General Amin’s help. The thought that the military could unleash such violence was frightening. Kenya was very peaceful, and we were forty miles from Nairobi, where any problems would occur, but still, the headlines were nervous-making. One Saturday afternoon I was in my front yard on the school compound. The road twisted through the school grounds with the school in the front and teacher’s houses along the road farther in. My house was the very last one. I looked up and saw a large military lorry filled with standing soldiers coming down the one-track road. Fear is irrational but as that lorry got closer and closer to my house, with nowhere to go after me, I wondered what was going to happen next. It pulled up in front of my house and a uniformed man jumped out. I was so relieved when he said, “Sir, where is the football match?” Dictator and mass murderer My second encounter was in 1970 when I was returning to Kenya to do doctoral research. I stopped in Kampala to see some friends at the university and to get whatever advice I could on doing field work. -
The Fate of the Hostages Rode with a C-130 Descending out of the Night Sky with Its Lights Off
The fate of the hostages rode with a C-130 descending out of the night sky with its lights off. Entebbe By John T. Correll ir France flight 139 woman and two Palestinian men—had Loss of radio contact and the change in originated in Tel Aviv no difficulty boarding with concealed course alerted Israel that the flight, with on Sunday morning, handguns and hand grenades. The aircraft, a large number of Israeli and Jewish pas- June 27, 1976, bound an Airbus 300, left Athens at 12:20 p.m. sengers, had been hijacked. The aircraft for Paris with an intermediate stop in Seven minutes out of Athens, the diverted to Benghazi, Libya, where it Athens. Airport security in Athens was German man forced his way onto refueled and took off again at 9:50 p.m. notoriouslyA lax. No one was on duty the flight deck while his companions One of the passengers, a woman, faked a at the metal detector, and the official took over the passenger cabins. They medical emergency and managed to talk checking carry-on luggage at the X-ray declared the hijacking to be on behalf her way off the airplane in Benghazi and machine was not watching the screen. of the Popular Front for the Liberation escape the hijackers. Four passengers from a connecting of Palestine and forced the pilot, Capt. The Airbus landed at Entebbe airport flight from Bahrain—a German man and Michel Bacos, to turn southward. in Uganda at 3:15 a.m. on Monday. On 62 AIR FORCE Magazine / December 2010 Entebbe board, in addition to the four hijack- new terminal and runway were built demands, broadcast over Ugandan ers, were 243 passengers and the Air in the early 1970s. -
ICC-02/04-01/15-T-185-Red-ENG WT 22-10-2018 1/84 SZ T
ICC-02/04-01/15-T-185-Red-ENG WT 22-10-2018 1/84 SZ T Trial Hearing (Open Session) ICC-02/04-01/15 WITNESS: UGA-D26-P-0018 1 International Criminal Court 2 Trial Chamber IX 3 Situation: Republic of Uganda 4 In the case of The Prosecutor v. Dominic Ongwen - ICC-02/04-01/15 5 Presiding Judge Bertram Schmitt, Judge Péter Kovács and 6 Judge Raul Cano Pangalangan 7 Trial Hearing - Courtroom 3 8 Monday, 22 October 2018 9 (The hearing starts in open session at 9.31 a.m.) 10 THE COURT USHER: [9:31:53] All rise. 11 The International Criminal Court is now in session. 12 PRESIDING JUDGE SCHMITT: [9:32:11] Good morning, everyone. 13 Could the court officer please call the case. 14 THE COURT OFFICER: [9:32:21] Good morning, Mr President, your Honours. 15 The situation in the Republic of Uganda, in the case of The Prosecutor versus 16 Dominic Ongwen, case reference ICC-02/04-01/15. 17 And for the record, we are in open session. 18 PRESIDING JUDGE SCHMITT: [9:32:35] Thank you. 19 I ask for the appearances of the parties. Mr Gumpert, for the Prosecution first, 20 please. 21 MR GUMPERT: [9:32:42] Good morning, your Honours. Ben Gumpert for the 22 Prosecution. With me today, Pubudu Sachithanandan, Adesola Adeboyejo, 23 Colleen Gilg, Julian Elderfield, Hai Do Duc, Jasmine Suljanovic, Grace Goh, and I'm 24 very sorry to say that I have made inadequate preparation with the regard to the lady 25 who sits at the back of the court. -
To Understand the Contemporary Sudan Requires an Appraisal of Its International and Regional Context As Well As Its Domestic Relations
ACAS BACKGROUND PAPER NUMBER 1 September 1982 This series of background papers is circulated to interested Africanists by the ACAS Research Committee. ACAS is committed to providing background information and to encouraging discussion on issues of contemporary impor tance. While ACAS acknowledges the importance of the views presented here, the views presented are those of the author. PERSPECTIVES ON THE SUDAN: ISOLATION AT HOME AND ABROAD A. F. Mazz To understand the contemporary Sudan requires an appraisal of its international and regional context as well as its domestic relations. Since 1971 the Sudan reversed the majority of its socialist initiatives taken in 1969, seriously damaged the Communist Party, crushed the Mahdist revival with military force, and suspended multi-party democracy. Its relations with eastern Europe have been curtailed, and3-t has sought financial and political support form China and Western Europe in general and from the United States in particular. This paper reviews some of the central features and contemporary implications of the internal and external relations of the Sudan. International and Regional Contexts The focus here is the Sudan, but it is critical to give prominence to the Sudan's relationship with Egypt since, at present, the Sudan has unusually close relations with Egypt at the same time that both nations have deep association with the United States; and both nations are markedly isolated in the Arab world. The hydropolitics of the Nile Valley also give certain fundamental dimensions of unity between the Sudan and Egypt, This relationship has military significance as well. The July 1971 counter-coup which returned the Sudanese President Gaaf ar Nimieri to power received essential logistical support from Egypt. -
Collapse, War and Reconstruction in Uganda
Working Paper No. 27 - Development as State-Making - COLLAPSE, WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION IN UGANDA AN ANALYTICAL NARRATIVE ON STATE-MAKING Frederick Golooba-Mutebi Makerere Institute of Social Research Makerere University January 2008 Copyright © F. Golooba-Mutebi 2008 Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of material published in this Working Paper, the Crisis States Research Centre and LSE accept no responsibility for the veracity of claims or accuracy of information provided by contributors. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing of the publisher nor be issued to the public or circulated in any form other than that in which it is published. Requests for permission to reproduce this Working Paper, of any part thereof, should be sent to: The Editor, Crisis States Research Centre, DESTIN, LSE, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE. Crisis States Working Papers Series No.2 ISSN 1749-1797 (print) ISSN 1749-1800 (online) 1 Crisis States Research Centre Collapse, war and reconstruction in Uganda An analytical narrative on state-making Frederick Golooba-Mutebi∗ Makerere Institute of Social Research Abstract Since independence from British colonial rule, Uganda has had a turbulent political history characterised by putsches, dictatorship, contested electoral outcomes, civil wars and a military invasion. There were eight changes of government within a period of twenty-four years (from 1962-1986), five of which were violent and unconstitutional. This paper identifies factors that account for these recurrent episodes of political violence and state collapse. -
Epidemiology and Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in West-Nile Populations of Sudan and Uganda
1 Epidemiology and Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in West-Nile Populations of Sudan and Uganda Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades Eingereicht an der mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Sektion der Universität Konstanz von Dipl.-Psych. Frank Neuner im Juli 2003 2 Acknowledgements/Danksagung Schon seit einer Weile freue ich mich darauf, diese Danksagung zu schreiben. Nicht nur, weil das bedeutet, dass ich endlich die Arbeit drucken lassen kann. Vielmehr habe ich die Gelegenheit, mich nun einmal förmlich zu bedanken bei all den Personen, die zum Gelingen dieser Arbeit beigetragen haben. Ich bedanke mich bei Thomas Elbert für die wissenschaftliche Weitsicht sowie den unermüdlichen Enthusiasmus, mit dem er mich bei diesen Projekten unterstützt hat. Maggie Schauer war von Anfang an eine tragende Kraft bei allen unseren Traumaprojekten, mit ihr zusammen wurde die Narrative Expositionstherapie entwickelt. Ich danke ihr für das gegenseitige Vertrauen und die tragfähige Zusammenarbeit auch in schwierigsten Situa- tionen. Das unkomplizierte und höchst angenehme Klima der Arbeitsgruppe gab mir für die letzten Jahre ein anregendes Arbeitsumfeld. Bei Brigitte Rockstroh bedanke ich mich dafür, dass sie mich vom ersten Forschungsantrag bis jetzt zur Abgabe der Arbeit immer unterstützt hat und für all das, was sie mir im Studium und danach über klinische Psy- chologie und Forschungsmethoden beigebracht hat. Diese Doktorarbeit baut auf dem “Demography of Forced Migration” Projekt auf, das von Unni Karunakara von der John Hopkins Universität unter Betreuung von Prof. Burnham geleitet wurde. Unni war letztlich derjenige, der uns nach Uganda gebracht hat, ohne ihn hätten wir keine der Studien durchführen können, vielen Dank dafür. Als weitere Institutionen waren die Makarere Universität, Kampala und Ärzte ohne Grenzen (MSF) Holland beteiligt, die uns auch in einem medizinischen Notfall sehr professionell geholfen haben. -
Modern African Leaders
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 446 012 SO 032 175 AUTHOR Harris, Laurie Lanzen, Ed.; Abbey, CherieD., Ed. TITLE Biography Today: Profiles of People ofInterest to Young Readers. World Leaders Series: Modern AfricanLeaders. Volume 2. ISBN ISBN-0-7808-0015-X PUB DATE 1997-00-00 NOTE 223p. AVAILABLE FROM Omnigraphics, Inc., 615 Griswold, Detroit,MI 48226; Tel: 800-234-1340; Web site: http: / /www.omnigraphics.com /. PUB TYPE Collected Works General (020)-- Reference Materials - General (130) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC09 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS African History; Biographies; DevelopingNations; Foreign Countries; *Individual Characteristics;Information Sources; Intermediate Grades; *Leaders; Readability;Secondary Education IDENTIFIERS *Africans; *Biodata ABSTRACT This book provides biographical profilesof 16 leaders of modern Africa of interest to readersages 9 and above and was created to appeal to young readers in a format theycan enjoy reading and easily understand. Biographies were prepared afterextensive research, and this volume contains a name index, a general index, a place of birth index, anda birthday index. Each entry providesat least one picture of the individual profiled, and bold-faced rubrics lead thereader to information on birth, youth, early memories, education, firstjobs, marriage and family,career highlights, memorable experiences, hobbies,and honors and awards. All of the entries end with a list of highly accessiblesources designed to lead the student to further reading on the individual.African leaders featured in the book are: Mohammed Farah Aidid (Obituary)(1930?-1996); Idi Amin (1925?-); Hastings Kamuzu Banda (1898?-); HaileSelassie (1892-1975); Hassan II (1929-); Kenneth Kaunda (1924-); JomoKenyatta (1891?-1978); Winnie Mandela (1934-); Mobutu Sese Seko (1930-); RobertMugabe (1924-); Kwame Nkrumah (1909-1972); Julius Kambarage Nyerere (1922-);Anwar Sadat (1918-1981); Jonas Savimbi (1934-); Leopold Sedar Senghor(1906-); and William V. -
How Does Ethnic Rebellion Start?
CPSXXX10.1177/0010414016672235Comparative Political StudiesLewis 672235research-article2016 Article Comparative Political Studies 2017, Vol. 50(10) 1420 –1450 How Does Ethnic © The Author(s) 2016 Reprints and permissions: Rebellion Start? sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0010414016672235 journals.sagepub.com/home/cps Janet I. Lewis1 Abstract Because insurgent group formation typically occurs in secrecy and in poorly monitored areas, the empirical record on conflicts’ start is spare and systematically omits rebels who fail before committing substantial violence. This article argues that this presents a fundamental challenge for the study of conflict onset and demonstrates the theoretical and empirical problems it causes in studying a controversial relationship: how ethnicity influences armed conflicts’ start. Unusual evidence on all armed groups that formed in Uganda since 1986 indicates that ethnic mobilization was unimportant to the initial formation of rebel groups—but mattered after nascent groups had already formed. Contrasting evidence from Uganda with a prominent argument that ethnic marginalization induces rebellion shows why lack of evidence about how insurgencies begin can lead to broader inferential pitfalls. Keywords conflict processes, civil war, insurgency, ethnicity and politics, African politics Recognition that most post–World War II political violence occurs within states—between states and organized nonstate actors—has motivated an expansive body of research on intrastate conflict onset. However, although such work probes the “outbreak,” “sources,” and “origins” of such conflict, the inherent challenges of studying secretive events in poorly monitored 1U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD, USA Corresponding Author: Janet I. Lewis, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, U.S. Naval Academy, 589 McNair Road, Annapolis, MD 21402, USA. -
The Anguish of Northern Uganda
THE ANGUISH OF NORTHERN UGANDA RESULTS OF A FIELD-BASED ASSESSMENT OF THE CIVIL CONFLICTS IN NORTHERN UGANDA Robert Gersony Submitted to: United States Embassy, Kampala USAID Mission, Kampala August 1997 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. Maps and Charts Map of Uganda Map of Northern Uganda Ethnic Map of Uganda Chart A Five Phases of Insurgency - Gulu/Kitgum 18 Chart B Selective Timeline 19 INTRODUCTION 1 Assessment procedures 2 Limitations 4 Appreciation 4 Organization of report 5 SECTION I THE CONFLICT IN GULU AND KITGUM 6 Background 6 Amin’s persecution of Acholis 7 Luwero: the ghost that haunts Acholi 8 General Tito Okello Lutwa’s Government 11 Advent of the NRA 12 Acholi attitudes/Contributing causes of the war 14 Was poverty a cause of the war? 17 War in Acholi as an extension of the Luwero conflict 17 Five phases of war in Acholi 20 Phase I Uganda People’s Democratic Army 20 The FEDEMU factor 21 UPDA popular support/NRA brutal response 23 Phase II Alice Auma Lakwena’s Holy Spirit Movement 24 Alice’s military campaign 25 Why did the Acholi people follow Alice? 26 June 1988 NRA/UPDA peace accords 26 The cattle factor 27 Phase III Severino Likoya Kiberu - “God the Father” 29 Joseph Kony’s Lord’s Resistance Army 30 Phase IV Joseph Kony’s earlier period 31 Evolution in human rights conduct 33 Government of Uganda peace initiative 33 Phase V Joseph Kony’s LRA - current period 35 NRA/UPDF effectiveness 36 Human rights conduct of the parties - 1994 to the present 38 LRA human rights conduct 38 LRA signal incidents 38 Atiak massacre 38 Karuma/Pakwach convoy ambush 39 Acholpi refugee camp massacre 40 St. -
Human Rights in the DR Congo: 1997 Until the Present Day
Internationales Katholisches Missionswerk e.V. Fachstelle Menschenrechte 22001 Dr. Otmar Oehring (Hrsg.) Postfach 10 12 48 D-52012 Aachen Tel.: 02 41-75 07-00 Fax: 02 41-75 07-61-253 E-Mail: [email protected] Menschenrechte Droits de l’Homme ISSN 1618-6222 missio-Bestell-Nr. 600 212 Human Rights Henry C. Hoeben Human Rights in the DR Congo: 1997 until the present day. The Predicament of the Churches missio's Human Rights Office aims at fostering accurate knowledge on the human rights Published/Planned Publications situation in the countries of Africa, Asia and Oceania. In doing so we try to help to improve the human rights situation in these countries. To achieve this aim we have 1 Human Rights in China dedicated ourselves to human rights oriented networking and to promoting an exchan- – Religious Freedom ge of views between our church partners in Africa, Asia and Oceania and the political October 2001, in German decisionmakers in the Federal Republic of Germany. In its series 'Human Rights' the (Publication in English and French Human Rights Office is publishing country reports, case studies and the proceedings of in preparation) specialised conferences. Order No. 600 201 The publication Human Rights in the Congo: 1997 until the present day. The Predicament of 2 Human Rights in the DR Congo: the Churches sets out to delineate the situation in a country which is presently territori- 1997 until the present day. ally, sociologically, ethnically and culturally so divided and tormented to warrant the The predicament of the Churches question whether it still offers a life of human dignity to its inhabitants. -
Peterson WP 424 FINAL
working WORKING WITH CULTURE ON THE PERIPHERIES OF IDI AMIN’S UGANDA 424 September DEREK R. PETERSON 2017 paper The Kellogg Institute for International Studies University of Notre Dame 1130 Jenkins Nanovic Halls Notre Dame, IN 46556-5677 Phone: 574/631-6580 Web: kellogg.nd.edu The Kellogg Institute for International Studies at the University of Notre Dame has built an international reputation by bringing the best of interdisciplinary scholarly inquiry to bear on democratization, human development, and other research themes relevant to contemporary societies around the world. Together, more than 100 faculty and visiting fellows as well as both graduate and undergraduate students make up the Kellogg community of scholars. Founded in 1982, the Institute promotes research, provides students with exceptional educational opportunities, and builds linkages across campus and around the world. The Kellogg Working Paper Series: n Shares work-in-progress in a timely way before final publication in scholarly books and journals n Includes peer-reviewed papers by visiting and faculty fellows of the Institute n Includes a Web database of texts and abstracts in English and Spanish or Portuguese n Is indexed chronologically, by region and by research theme, and by author n Most full manuscripts downloadable from kellogg.nd.edu Contacts: Elizabeth Rankin, Editorial Manager [email protected] WORKING WITH CULTURE ON THE PERIPHERIES OF IDI AMIN’S UGANDA* Derek R. Peterson Kellogg Institute for International Studies Working Paper #424 – September 2017 Derek R. Peterson (PhD, University of Minnesota) is professor of history and African studies at the University of Michigan. He is the author of two books, most recently Ethnic Patriotism and the East African Revival: A History of Dissent (2012), which won the Melville Herskovits Prize of the African Studies Association and the Martin Klein Prize of the American Historical Association. -
Uganda Country Report
Uganda Country Report The Republic of Uganda is located in East Africa and is bordered by Kenya, Sudan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, and Tanzania. A large portion of the southern part of Uganda is bordered by Lake Victoria, the African continent’s largest lake. The official languages of the Republic of Uganda are English and Swahili, and the currency is the Ugandan shilling (UGX). 51% of the population is female and 49% male, with an annual growth rate of 2.5%. History The Republic of Uganda was created on October 9 th , 1962. The Ugandan colonial experience began in 1888 when the British government placed the territory under the charter of the British East Africa Company, and was later formerly ruled as a protectorate by the British from 1894-1962. The territory that we now recognize as the Republic of Uganda was consolidated, and named Uganda, by the British in 1914. Following Ugandan independence, the country faced a series of coups and counter-coups which were eventually quelled by the commander of the Ugandan army, Idi Amin in 1971. The period under which Idi Amin’s retained the presidency through his military dictatorship, ushered in a period of human rights abuses, political repression, ethnic persecution, extrajudicial killings and forcible removal of the Indian populations from the country. An estimated 300,000 (exact numbers are difficult to obtain) were killed during the eight years of Amin’s rule. Idi Amin’s rule fractured in 1979 as a result of the Uganda-Tanzania War. Following the Amin’s overthrow, Milton Obote served as president until he was deposed by General Tito Okello in 1985.