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Additions to the Flora of Beaver Island, Charlevoix County, Michigan

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Additions to the Flora of Beaver Island, Charlevoix County, Michigan 38 THE GREAT LAKES BOTANIST Vol. 56 ADDITIONS TO THE FLORA OF BEAVER ISLAND, CHARLEVOIX COUNTY, MICHIGAN Daniel E. Wujek 1 Department of Biology Central Michigan University Mt. Pleasant, MI 48858 Edwin E. Leuck II Department of Biology Centenary College Shreveport, LA 71104 ABSTRACT Fifty species of vascular plants collected on Beaver Island are presented as new records for the Island, which is part of Charlevoix County, Michigan. Forty-nine of the species are new records for the entire Beaver Island Archipelago, and one, which was previously known on the archipelago (Carex buxbaumii), is a new record for Beaver Island itself. They include taxa from among pterido - phytes, gymnosperms, and flowering plants. Twenty of the newly reported species are non-native. Eight hundred twelve vascular plants have now been recorded for the Beaver Island Archipelago. KEYWORDS: Beaver Island, Charlevoix County, vascular plants, new records. INTRODUCTION The upper Great Lakes area, with its varied flora, has long been known to be botanically interesting. Voss (1972, 1985, 1996) and Voss and Reznicek (2012) have shown that the Beaver Island Archipelago exemplifies this. Several articles detailing aspects of the flora of the archipelago’s ten islands (Beaver, High, Gar - den, Hog, Gull, Trout, Whiskey, Squaw, Hat, and Pismier) have included reports of the pteridophytes (Veldman and Wujek 1971), a sedge (Menapace and Wujek 1987), the flora of the archipelago’s most northern island, Hog Island (Whately et al. 2005), and more recently an illustrated guide to plants of the bogs and fens and the Lake Michigan beaches on Beaver Island (Leuck and Wujek 2007). The present contribution reports additions to the flora of Beaver Island itself. An updated list of the species previously reported for Beaver Island and the arch - ipelago is available at MICHIGAN FLORA ONLINE (2011). METHODS Plants were collected over time in various courses the authors have taught on the island since 1969, on nature walks in conjunction with numerous groups, or brought to our attention by an is - lander or as part of a student collection. Voucher specimens for all of the taxa listed below are housed 1 Author for Correspondence ([email protected]) 2017 THE GREAT LAKES BOTANIST 39 in the herbarium at Central Michigan University (CMC). All voucher specimens are digitized and available for viewing online at Consortium of Midwest Herbaria (2016). Nomenclature follows Voss and Reznicek (2012) for gymnosperms and angiosperms, and MICHIGAN FLORA ONLINE (2011) for ferns and lycopods. RESULTS Fifty new vascular plant species are reported for Beaver Island and are listed below. Of these, 49 are also new reports for the archipelago as a whole. Twenty are non-native species and are indicated by an asterisk. The CMC accession number (in parentheses) follows the collector’s number. PTERIDOPHYTES LYCOPODIACEAE Lycopodiella inundata (L.) Holub (Bog Clubmoss) Hohn s.n. (CMC 0219) July 30, 1973). It is localized at only one specific area on the Sphagnum mat on the southwestern edge of Green’s Lake bog. GYMNOSPERMS PINACEAE *Picea abies (L.) Karst. (Norway Spruce) Leuck 2003 (CMU 18245) July 25, 2010. Trees are located at various home sites in northern third of the island. A plantation of them exists in the meadow on the north side of Green’s Lake. *Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots Pine) Leuck 1654 (CMC 18009) July 28, 1997. Scattered plants were originally observed at the central and north end of the island. Now, however, they have invaded all areas of the island. MONOCOTYLEDONS ALISMATACEAE Alisma triviale Pursh (Northern Water-Plantain) Wujek s.n. (CMC 17465) 2 July 29, 2003. This species was first noted in 1995 (Wujek, personal observation) when a single plant was observed growing on top of a beaver lodge along the southeast shore of Fox Lake. It has now become widely dispersed at the northwestern corner of the lake and to several others of the inland lakes. ARACEAE Lemna turionifera Landolt (Duckweed) NSF Group s.n. (CMC 2851) July 5, 1965. Very lo - calized on small ponds and several inland lake backwaters. CYPERACEAE Carex buxbaumii Wahl. (Buxbaum’s Sedge) Wujek s.n. (CMC 15740) July 10. 1985. Al - though first reported for the archipelago from Hog Island (Whately et al. 2005), it had been observed earlier (1970) from Beaver Island, but not collected (Wujek, personal observa - tion). Common on the road behind Donegal Bay. Carex concinna R. Br. (Beauty/Low Northern Sedge) Wujek s.n. (CMC 18573) July 30, 1997 . Observed initially along the stony calcareous shore of Indian Harbor on Garden Is - land, it was subsequently collected at Donegal Bay and Gull Harbor on Beaver Island. LILACEAE Streptopus amplexifolius (L.) DC (Twisted-stalk) Wujek-Field Botany s.n. (CMC 13132) July 22, 1993. Very scattered in the understory along the island’s east side in the deciduous or mixed forests. 40 THE GREAT LAKES BOTANIST Vol. 56 ORCHIDACEAE *Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz (Helleborine) J. Pung s.n. (CMC 18573) October 31, 1999. First observed growing at the blow-out on Font Lake in 1985 (Wujek, personal observa - tion), it is now widely distributed on the island. POACEAE Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw. (Cut Grass) Wujek s.n. (CMC 14064) July 27, 1989. This grass ap - parently did not occur on the island until after 1979. In that year Jaworski’s (1979) survey of the island’s grasses did not report its presence. Since it was originally observed in the flood plain of the Jordan River it has spread throughout the island’s wetlands. POTAMOGETONACEAE *Potamogeton crispus L. (Curly Pondweed) Pajunen, Calhoun & Walrad 184 (CMC 17928) July 15, 1970. The species was first observed in St. James Harbor in the late 1960s, and has now spread to most of the inland lakes. DICTOTYLEDONS APIACEAE Zizia aurea (L.) Koch. (Golden Alexanders) Wujek s.n. (CMU 18577) Aug. 8, 2010. It is in the open meadows along Hannigan and McCauley roads that often remain wet except in late summer. ASTERACEAE *Cichorium intybus L. (Chicory) Wujek s.n. (CMC 15775) July 21, 2003. A single roadside plant was originally observed at the junction of King’s Highway and McCauley Road. Two populations can be observed along the east and western ends of McCauley Road. Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet (False Sunflower) Wujek s.n. (CMC 15783) July 17, 2003. A large population can be observed in the open meadows on the north side of Hannigan Road. Prenanthes racemosa Michx. (Glaucous White Lettuce) Leuck 1579 (CMC 18008) Septem - ber 9, 1995. A small population exists behind Donegal Bay. *Tragopogon pratensis L. (Common Goat’s-beard) Wujek s.n. (CMC 15601) July 23, 2003. Small populations are distributed throughout the island’s open meadows. BERBERIDACEAE Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx. (Blue Cohosh) Leuck s.n. (CMC 22518) July 24, 2014. Although previously reported elsewhere in the Beaver Island archipelago (Hog Is - land, Whately et al. 2005), our specimen represents its first record for Beaver Island itself where it grows in the forested interdunal swales west of Barney’s Lake. BIGNONIACEAE *Catalpa speciosa Warder (Northern Catalpa) Schreiber s.n. (CMC 18011) August 1, 1969. It was planted in a front yard of a home in town along with several horse-chestnuts. Our spec - imen represents the northern-most record for Michigan. BRASSICACEAE Alliaria petiolata (Bieb.) Cavara & Grande (Garlic Mustard) Wujek s.n. (CMC 18578) Sept. 9, 2010. To date the only specimens observed have been in the St. James Township Camp - ground. Seeds undoubtedly were brought over from the mainland by campers. It was also observed growing in the yard of one of St. James businesses. CANNABACEAE *Cannabis sativa L. (Marijuana) Wujek s.n. July 27, 1976. Although this species is not “culti - vated” on the island, thirteen specimens were collected from a ring of young plants sur - rounding a fire-pit at Gull Harbor where it probably had been “passed around.” Specimens collected were placed in the CMC herbarium, but owing to the herbarium’s openness in its early days, voucher specimens have disappeared. Only one 35mm slide of plants taken at the time of collection exists and has been placed in the CMC herbarium. Humulus lupulus ( Hops) Wujek 125 (CMC 17127) July 19, 1996. Price (1976) indicates that this was grown at the northern end of the island by the late F. Protar, who was considered 2017 THE GREAT LAKES BOTANIST 41 the island’s doctor in the late 1890s – early 1900s although he had no medical training. Two additional locations are from the central and southern regions of the island where it has been collected (base of Angeline Bluff going to French Bay and at the intersection of Kings Highway and Hannigan Road). These populations more than likely originated from Protar’s original planting at his residence at the western end of Sloptown Road when he was the is - land’s “doctor” at the turn of the 20 th century when he was using it for medicinal purposes CAPRIFOLIACEAE *Lonicera morrowii A. Gray (Morrow’s Honeysuckle) Leuck 1440 (CMU 23105) September 7, 1990. Both this species and L. tartarica can be observed primarily in St. James Town - ship in disturbed areas and the fore dunes of Lake Michigan. *Lonicera tartarica L. (Tartarian Honeysuckle) Leuck 1212 (CMC 23107) July, 1971 CARYOPHYLLACEAE Dianthus ameria L. (Deptford Pink) K. Peschel s.n. (CMC 12689) July 18, 1972. It is preva - lent in open fields throughout the island. *Gypsophila paniculata L. (Baby’s Breath) Leuck s.n. (CMC 23112) July 22, 2015. Three per - sistent plants were collected at the margin of the mown grass on the lakeshore at Whiskey Point lighthouse, St. James. A large population has also been observed on High Island (Leuck 2015, personnel observation).
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