106 NOTESAND INSTITUTE NEWS

June 1967, when this fragment was drifting (formerly spelled Scolai, Scholai) Creek near shore close to the end of the airstrip at floodplain, we madea rapid traverse from Alert, two clusters of drums were put on it. Skolai Pass up to Chitistone Pass and down The clusters were centrally located approxi- the Chitistone River to the mouth of Glacier mately 300 m. apart. Each cluster was made Creek.2 Vascularplants were collected by up of 20 empty 45-gallon drums securely Barbara Murray and myself from the Skolai banded and tied together, and erected ina Creek floodplain (4,800 ft.), the steep slopes pyramid similar to the clusters on WH-1. The leading to ChitistonePass, and from Chiti- clusters toppledas a result of the summer stone Pass (5,800 ft.). We were able to return melt but each cluster remained a unit (like briefly to these same localities in 1967 for those on WH-1). Attempts to re-erect the additional collecting. two clusters onLT-I failed because strong Although there is a published account of south winds (11 July 1967) caused the pack a trip through Skolai Pass as early as 1891,3 ice and the ice island fragment to move off and both Skolai and Chitistone passes receiv- shore, leaving approximately 10 miles of ed traffic headed for Chisana, Alaska, during open water between the coast and the edge astampede for gold in 1913 and 1914,4,5 of the pack. Between 11 and 17 July, the the flora has remained unknown. Richard fragment carrying the two clusters or radar Scott,participanta in theAINA High markers moved 16 miles east and LT-1 was MountainEnvironment Project, is now en- last sighted at 82”30’N, 60”30’W. gaged in an intensive study of this flora. The Although it is possible to estimate the rate following list of 115 taxa may be useful in and direction of ice island movement, it is providing distribution data until a more important periodically to locate and identify complete analysis is available. particular islands. It was hoped thatthe Since the chain of mountains is continuous drums set out by PCSP would assist the vari- it might be expected that many of the species ous sea ice reconnaissance groups to identify noted fromthe WrangellMountains would specific pieces of ice as they moved in the already be known from the St. Elias Moun- waters of the Arctic. Reports from the “Birds tains.Some of our collections fromthe Eye” flights suggest that the specific patterns WrangellMountains bridge “gaps” of oc- of drums are readily picked up by radar as currence for species with populations in both well as the human eye, and that the drums the mountains of central Alaska and south- will prove to be a very effective means of western Yukon Territory.Other species re- identifying ice islands. ported here are known from so few localities D. Lindsay that theirdistribution in Alaska cannot be W. Seifert characterized. A southern extension of an N. Anderson arctic species, Draba oblongata, is also noted. POLAR CONTINENTAL SHELF The remainder are widely distributed species PROJECT, CANADA DPARTMENT OF common to most alpine areas in Alaska and ENERGY, MINES AND RESOURCES the Yukon. Collection numbers follow the citation of 1Hattersley-Smith, G. 1963. The Ward Hunt species. Numbers 680 to 731 were collected Ice Shelf:Recent changes of the ice front. on 30 June and 1 July 1966; numbers 970 to Journal of Glaciology, 4:415-24. 1064 were collected on 21 and 22 July 1967. ZNutt, D. C. 1966. The drift of the ice island Vo,uchers for most of the species are deposit- WH-5. Arctic, 19:244-62. ed at National Herbarium, NationalMuseum of Canada.

LIST OF SPECIES A Plant Collection from Cystopteris fragilis(L.) Bernh. 978a. the Wrangell Mountains, Woodsia glabella R. Br. 978b det. A. E. Porsild. Alaska Equisetum scirpoides Michx. 701. Equisetum variegatum Schleich. 697. INTRODUCTION Lycopodium selago L. 694. During the summer of 1966, I participated Festuca bafinensis Polunin 1026. in ain reconnaissance in the easternmost Previously known only from arctic loca- Wrangell Mountains.This was part of a tion;a arecent publication byHultBn7 in- survey for a scientific programin a high cludes other interior Alaskan localities. mountain region, underthe sponsorship of Hierochloe alpina (Sw.) Roem. & Schult. theArctic Institute of North America 1002. (AINA).1 After a brief survey of the Skolai Phippia algida (Sol.) R. Br. 1046. I NOTES ANDINSTITUTE NEWS 107

This species has been found along the ported by Hult6nl3 as Claytonia s~.,but has northern and western coasts and at 2 local- recently been determined.' Originally de- ities in the Alaska Range.8 Recently reported scribed from material collected in the Daw- for the Yukon by Porsild,g I have also found son Range,Yukon, there is now abundant it there at several places along the Kaska- material available from southwestern Yukon. wulsh and Steele glaciers inthe St. Elias I have collected itthere in wet alpine Mountains. A diminutive grass, it has prob- meadows, and in the centres of active, non- ably been overlooked as Gjaerevoll has sug- sorted circles at elevations upto 6,500 ft. gested. It should be sought on high, shaded Inthe WrangellMountains it occurs in north-facingslopes orother exposures that meadows atthe edge of the SkolaiCreek are well irrigated by meltwater from late- floodplain, and in areas of intense frost dis- lying snowbanks. turbance high on the approach to Chitistone Trisetum, spicatum(L.) Richt. 1018. Pass. Eriophorum triste (Th. Fr.) Hadac & Love Claytonia sarmentosa Meyer 714. 998 det. A. E. Porsild. Cerastium beeringianum Cham. & Schlecht. Eriophorum scheuchzeri Hoppe 992. 681. Carex consimilis Holm 973. Melandrium apetalum (L.) Fenzl. ssp. The relationship of this species to C. attenuatum (Farr) Hara970. lugens Holm is still not clear to me. Porsildlo Minuartia arctica (Stev.) Aschers. & Graebn. prefers to recognize both as distinct species. (Arenaria arctica) 686. This collection containsplants with hairy Minuartia biflora(L.) Schinz & Thell. rhizomes (so densely hairy that they appear (Arenaria sajanensis) 719. to be covered with felt), contiguousshort- Minuartia rubella (Wahlenb.) Graebn. cylindric spikes, and perigynia that are short- (Arenaria rubella)680. beaked, papillose, and in several instances Silene acaulis L. var. exscapa (All.) DC. 689. sparingly serrulate above. Stellaria alaskana Hult. 1049 Carex mernbranacea Hook. 994. det. A. E. Porsild. Carex microchaeta Holm 1019. A striking plant with large flowers and Carex podocarpa R. Br. 972. scarious-margined bracts. Known from only Carex stuns Urej. 993. a few localities in Alaska and Yukon, 9, 14 An arctic species known also from scat- this collection indicates a greater continuity tered stations in the high mountains of the of populations from the Alaska Range into Mackenzie-Yukon Divide,ll St. Elias Moun- the St. Elias Mountains. It is also known tains,g and the southern Rocky Mountains.12 inthe Yukon fromthe head of Bridge This species is distinguished from C. aqua- Creek (Raup, Drury & Raup13851 CAN) tilis, with which it is oftenlumped, on the and near Canyon City (Cairnes s.n. CAN, basis of ecology and morphology, including incorrectly cited for theEastern Pacific Coast a significant difference in chromosome num- District by HultCnl3). ber.loP Stellaria laeta Richards. 684. Juncus balticus Willd. var. alaskanus (Hult.) Stellaria monantha Hult. 682. Pors. (J. arcticus ssp. alaskanus) 986 Stellaria umbellata Turcz. 1044 det. A. E. Porsild. det. A. E. Porsild. Juncus biglumis L. 1029. Forming small mats at the edge of reced- Luzula arctica Blytt (L.nivalis) 1027 ing snow banks. First reported for Alaska det. A. E. Porsild. by Gjaerevolll4 with which he includeda Luzula parviflora (Ehrh.) Desv. 981. photograph and a distribution map. HultCn7 Lloydia serotina (L.) Rchb. 1010. has recently reported an additionalinterior Salix alaxensis ('4nders.) Cov. 688. andan arctic collection. There is also a Salix arctica Pall. 1013 det. G. W. Argus. fifth station of S. umbellata: Alaska Range, Salix polaris Wahl. (S. polaris ssp. Yerrick Ck., Spetzman 808 CAN. pseudopolaris) 685,1042,1043. Aconitum delphinifolium DC. 980. Salix reticulata L. 721. Anemone parvifiora Michx. 1031. Salix richardsonii Hook. 977, Anemone richardsonii Hook. 1032. Betula glandulosa Michx. 983. Ranunculus hyperboreus Rottb. 1048. Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill 718. Ranunculus nivalis L. 728,1033,1034. Polygonum bistorta L. ssp. plumosum Ranunculus pygmaeus Wahlenb. 717; 1047 (Small) Hult. 691, 975. det. A. E. Porsild. Polygonum viviparum L. 979. Papaver alaskanum Hult. 1023. Claytonia bostockii Pors. 987. Known also in Alaska from the Aleutians, The only previous Alaskanrecord is the west coast,l4 andthe ArcticSlope,ls from Ketchumstuck Creek; it was first re- and from northernYukon.11 108 NOTES AND INSTITUTE NEWS

Papaver keelii Pors. 1024. Saxifraga bronchialis L. ssp. funstonii Known fromthe Mackenzie Mountains, (Small) Hult. 1038. NorthwestTerritories, this species has been Saxifraga caespitoba L. ssp. monticola recently reported fromcentral Yukon9 and (Small) Pors. 720. the Arctic Slope.15 This recordfrom the Saxifraga cernua L. 995. Wrangell Mountains is less significant, how- Saxifraga davuricaWilld. ssp. grandipetala ever, if one follows Gjaerevolll4 and in- (Engler & Irmsch.) Hult. 707. cludes P. keelii in P. macounii. Saxifraga flagellaris Willd. ssp. flagellaris Corydalis pauciflora (Steph.) Pers. 1003. Pors. 1007. Aphragmus eschscholtzianus Andrz. 1041. This collection is composed of one,two, This species is previously known from and three flowered plants, with free sepals, several locations in the Aleutian Islands and large, deep yellow petals, and a superior the AlaskaPeninsula, fromone station on ovary. However, the plants do possess some the SewardPeninsula, andone in the St. purple-headed, stalked glands on the sepals, Elias Mountains, Yukon.13 I haverecently one of thecriteria by which Porsildls dis- found morematerial along the Steele Glacier, tinguishes ssp. platysepala. The same is true St. Elias Mountains, probably not far from for material from the arctic coast.19 HultBn20 theother Yukon locality. The Wrangell views ssp. flagellaris as restricted to the Cau- Mountains’ population is at Chitistone Pass, casus, and under his treatment this collection c. 6000 ft., in moist sites. The St. Elias is ssp. setigera. Mountainspopulation is at c. 7000 ft.and Saxifraga hieracifolia Waldst. & Kit. limited to fine gravel that is well irrigated 703,1008. by meltwater.Flowering specimens super- Saxifraga punctata L. 1039. ficially resemble young Eutrema edwardsii Capsules are cleft 40% or greater, leaves or Cardamine bellidifolia with which it is as- glabrous or sparsely pubescent, especially on sociated. HultBn16 has provided a photograph the abaxialsurface. Following the treat- of specimens from theAleutian Islands. ment of Calder and Savile,21 thistaxon is Arabis lyrata L. ssp. kamchatica (Fisch.) ssp. porsildiana, which Porsilds considers a Hult. 726. synonym of ssp. insularis. Cardamine bellidijolia L. 1037. Saxifraga rivularis L. ssp. flexuosa (Sternb.) Draba crassifolia Grah. 724,1054. GjaerevolllO55. Draba fladnizensisWulfen 1061a. Gjaerevolll4 has provided a diagnosis and Draba lactea Adams 1052,1053. drawings for distinguishing ssp. flexuosa Draba longipes Raup 725,1057,1059. from typical rivularis. He also noted the Draba nivalis Lilj. 1060. similarity of thistaxon to S. debilis from Draba oblongata R. Br. 1056,1058. Colorado. Weber22 recently discussed this det. A. E. Porsild. problem and indicated that they can be dis- The plantsin this collection are loosely tinguished on the basis of hypanthium shape tufted with branching bases, dense, soft and the natureof pubescence on the pedicels. pubescence, and pubescent, elliptic siliques. Saxifraga serpyllifolia Pursh 713. An otherwise arctic species6 it differs in Saxifraga tenuis (Wahlenb.) Sm. 1040. this case by having an elongating idores- Saxifraga tricuspidata Rottb. 974. cence. A photograph of this species is given Dryas alaskensis Pors. (0. octopetala ssp. by Porsild.1’ HultCnl3 predicted that this alaskensis) 696, 1006. species would be found in Alaska, but I know Dryas octopetala L. 1005a, 1005b. of no published records. This collection is 1005a has leaves bearing “octopetala a significant extension of itsrange tothe scales”28 with occasionalstipitate, capitate south. glands on the leaf midveins and petioles. The Draba praealta Greene 731. upper surface of a few leaves bears sessile, This species is little known in Alaska. For viscid glands. a discussion and distribution map of this lOO5b also possesses octopetala scales, but misunderstood species see Porsild.Q,11 with sessile and short-stipitate, capitate Eutrema edwardsii R. Br. 1035. glands on leaf midveins and petioles. The Parrya nudicaulis (L.) Regel 971. upper leaf surfaces are very viscid with ses- Chrysosplenium wrightii Franch. & Sav. sile glands. Of great interest is the Occurrence 1022. of octopetala scales mixed withstipitate, Parnassia kotzebuei Cham. & Schlecht. 710. capitate purple glands on the hypanthium and Saxifraga adscendens L. ssp. oregonensis sepals. This variation has been described (Raf.) Bacigalupi 683,1064. previously only froman easternAsian Known from a few widely separated local- specimen,23 but has been noted on several ities in A1aska.Q hcrborium specimens of North American NOTESAND INSTITUTE NEWS 109

material. (GB-5008)and the Arctic Institute of The taxonomic importance of these varia- North Americaprovided financial sup- tions is as yet not clear. port;the IcefieldRanges Research Potentilla hypaticaMalte (P. amarginata) Project gave logistic aid. 1 am grateful 715. to A. E. Porsild for many verifications Potentilla unifrora Ledeb. (P. ledebouriana) and for determining critical taxa. 716. Astragalus alpinusL. 1050. David F. Murray Astragalus nutzotinensisRousseau 711. DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY Astragalus umbellatus Bunge 1011. MEMORIAL UNIVERSITY OF Lupinus arcticus Wats. 1009. NEWFOUNDLAND Oxytropis huddelsoniiPors. 712. Oxytropis scammanianu Hult. 1051. See Porsildg and Gjaerevolll4 for maps of IFaylor, R.C., W. A. Wood,and B. C. the total known range. Bishop.1967. Areconaissance of ahigh Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. 695. mountainregion. ArcticInstitute of North Epilobium latifolium L. 699,1000. AmericaFinal Report of GrantNo. DA- Pyrola grandifloraRad. 1036. ARO-D-31-124-G836.25 pp., 3 maps. Arctostaphylosrubra (Rehd. & Wils.) Fern. 2U. S. Geological Survey Topographic Series, 698. 1:250,000 McCaxthy, Alaska. Cassiope tetragona (L.) D. Don. 708. Vaccinium uliginosumL. 988. ZHayes, C. W. 1892. An expedition through Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. ssp. minus theYukon District. NationalGeographic (Lodd.) Hult. 700,1020. Magazine, 4: 117-162. Dodecatheon frigidumCham. & Schlecht. 690,1004. 4Cairnes,D. D. 1915.Upper White River Douglasia gormaniiConstance 722. District, Yukon. GeologicalSurvey of Can- Polemonium acutiflorum Willd. ex L. ada Memoir 50.191 pp. 976,982. aMoffit, F. H. 1954. Geology of the eastern Polemonium boreale Adams 727. part of the Alaska Range and adjacent area. Myosotis alpestris Schmidt ssp. asiatica U. S. GeologicalSurvey Bulletin, 989-D. Vestergr. 999. pp. 65-218. Castilleja yukonis Pennell1025 det. A. E. Porsild. GPorsild, A. E. 1964. Illustrated flora of the Considered an endemic of theupper Canadian Arctic Archipelago. National Mu- Yukon Valley by Porsild,ll I can find no pre- seum of CanadaBulletin, 146(2nd edition, viously published records of this species for revised). 218 pp. Alaska. Pedicularis capitataAdams 730. 7HultBn, E. 1967. Comments on the flora of Pedicularis langsdorffiiiFisch. ex Steven Alaska and Yukon. Arkiv for Botanik, 7(1): 693,1017. 1-147. Pedicularis sudeticaWilld. ssp. interior SGjaerevoll, 0. 1958. Botanical investigations Hult. 704, 991,997. incentral Alaska, especially in the White Valeriana capitataPall. ex Link 730. Mountains. Part I. Det Kg1 Norske Viden- Antennaria monocephala DC. 687. skabers Selskabs Skrifter, 5.74 pp. Arnica lessingii Greene 1016. Artemisia arcticaLess. 1012. gporsild,A. E. 1966.Contributions tothe Artemisia tilesii Ledeb. 984. flora of southwesternYukon Territory. Crepis nanaRichards. 1001. National Museum of CanadaBulletin, 216, Erigeron humilis Grah. (E. unalaschkensis) Contributions toBotany, IV. 86 pp. 709. Petasites frigidus (L.) Fries 1015. loporsild, A. E. 1943.Materials for aflora Saussurea viscidaHult. var. yukonensis ofthe continental Northwest Territories of (Pors.) Hult. (S. angustifolia var. Canada. Sargentia, IV: 1-79. yukonensis) 1014. 11Porsild, A. E. 1951. Botany of southeastern Senecio atropurpureus (Ledeb.) Fedtsch. var. Yukon adjacent to the Canol Road. National ulmeri (Steffen) Pors. 692. Museum of CanadaBulletin, 121.400 pp. Senecio resedifoliusLess. 706,1021. Taraxacum alaskanum Rydb. 1045. 12Weber, W. A. 1961. Additions to the flora ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS of Colorado-111. University of Colorado TheNational ScienceFoundation Studies, Series in Biology, 7. pp. 1-26. 110 NOTESAND INSTITUTES NEWS

Iswiggins, I. L. and J. H. Thomas. 1962. formation regarding polar bear conseriation A flora of the Alaskan Arctic Slope. Arctic problems. Invited to attend the Morges Institute of NorthAmerica Special Pub- meeting were scientists fromCanada, Den- lication, 4. University of Toronto Press. mark,Norway, the Soviet Union,and the 425 pp. United States. The polar bear is one of the species IeHultkn, E. 1960 Flora of the Aleutian listed in the IUCN Red DatuBook on the Islands. 2nd edition, revised and enlarged. world’s rare and endangered animals. IUCN Weinheim: J. Cramer. 376 pp., 38 figs., maps. considered it highly importantthat polar bear specialists shouldmeet at thistime to lYPorsild, A. E. 1955. The vascular plants review present research activities, to discuss of the western Canadian Arctic Archipelago. research needs and priorities,and to con- NationalMuseum of CanadaBulletin, 135. siderhow best to achieve more effective 226 pp. scientific collaboration on a continuing basis.

IsJohnson, A. W., L. A. Viereck, R. E. John- results ‘would be achieved by inviting only son, and H. Melchior. 1966. Vegetation and a limited number of scientists active in polar flora of the Cape Thompson-Ogotoruk Creek bearresearch to participate in a closed area,Alaska, pp. 277-354. In N. J. Wili- working session, as distinct from con-a movsky and J. N. Wolfe, eds. Environment ference. of the Cape Thompson region, Alaska. Oak- The meeting was avaluable experiment ridge, Tennessee: U. s. Atomic Energy Com- in internationalco-operation, and it proved mission. to be highly successful. A wide variety of

104. formation theinternational permanent of a XlCalder, J. A. and D. B. 0. Savile. 1960. committee of scientists engaged in polar Studies in Saxifragaceae. 111. Saxifraga odon- bear research. This“Polar Bear Group” toloma and lyallii, andNorth American will function under the auspices of the IUCN. subspecies of S. punctata. Canadian Journal Dr. S. M. Uspensky of the Soviet Union was of Botany, 38: 409-435. unanimously elected its first Chairman. The scientists recognized that more knowl- z2Weber, W. A. 1966. Additions to the flora edge concerning distribution and abundance of Colorado-IV. University of Colorado of polar bears was required, and agreed on Studies, Series in Biology, 23. 24 pp. methods and scientific techniques to ob- tain this information.A tagging and mark- 23Hulttn, E. 1959. Studies inthe genus ing program is already in operationin Dryas. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift, 53:507- variousparts of theArctic as a means of 542. assisting the study of migratory movements, habits, and requirements. It was revealed, however, that closer co-ordinationamong International Meeting of the nations involved was needed in order to increase the effectiveness of this line of Polar Bear Scientists research. Other important topics discussed included: Concern forthe future welfare of the techniques for bear censusing by means of polar bearthroughout the Arctic brought both aerial and surface survey methods; bear together a small group of leading scientists productivity and survival; taxonomic studies from several nations at Morges, Switzerland, to determine if local races exist; techniques