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The Challenge of Refurbished State Capitalism: Implications for the Global Political Economic Order
Schwerpunkt: Staatskapitalismus Christopher A. McNally The Challenge of Refurbished State Capitalism: Implications for the Global Political Economic Order Abstract Will the global financial crisis of 2008 represent a symbolic juncture in the geo-economics of globalization? There are differing views, with some arguing that the Washington Consensus is dead, while others holding that the fundaments of the neo-liberal global order remain intact. This article engages with this debate by putting three distinct questions analytically prior: First, is there a political economic model that actually stands in con- tradistinction to the Washington Consensus and the neo-liberal global order? Second, if there is a potential challenge to the neo-liberal order, what exactly is it? And third, if such a challenge exists, what precisely is its nature and logic as it interacts with the neo-liberal global order? This article argues that there is, indeed, a chal- lenger: refurbished forms of state capitalism. However, the nature and logic of the state capitalist challenge to the U.S.-centered neo-liberal system is fundamentally different from the Soviet challenge during the Cold War. Diverse formations of capitalism are co-dependent on the global level in the present era. Refurbished state capitalism is no exception. It represents an “in-system” challenge, since it does not attempt to actively under- mine and supplant the neo-liberal order, but rather to gain influence over it. New forms of refurbished state capitalisms are thus simultaneously in symbiosis and in rivalry with the neo-liberal global order. Key words: State capitalism, Neo-liberal Order, Washington Consensus, China, Economic Development 1. -
The Proletariat
The Proletariat • What defines the proletariat? (Manifesto, 8a) o Wage laborers Because they must “sell themselves piecemeal,” (rent themselves out by the day or hour) they are a commodity As a commodity, exposed to all the fluctuations of the market o The commodification of the wage laborer in Marx’s economics The labour theory of value • Use value vs. exchange value • The exchange value of a product or commodity = the quantity of average human labor incorporated into the product or commodity The theory of surplus value • Profit comes from buying and selling labor –buying labor with wages, selling the labor incorporated into commodities • Proletarians live only as their labor increases capital o Capital = wealth devoted to production of wealth o Because of the need to constantly revolutionize the instruments of production, a good portion of the “profit” generated must converted back to capital o The lives wage laborers tied to systemic needs for increased capital 19-1 Alienation • To be alienated is to be “othered” – to be separated or estranged from oneself • Early attempt to explain the fundamental features of bourgeois economic reality as rooted in the alienation of the worker (“Estranged Labor” in the 1844 manuscripts) • Work in general is simply a process in which a human incorporates his or her ideas into matter o It is the distinctively human activity of self-expression • Under capitalism, work becomes not self-expression, but something that separates the workers from themselves and their humanity • There are four interconnected -
Leninism Or Trotskyism.Pdf
LENINISM TROTSKYISM BY G. E. ZINOVIEV I. STALIN L. KAMENEV PRICE 20 CENTS r PUBLISHED FEBRUARY 1925 FOR THE Workers Party of America BY THE DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 1113 W. WASHINGTON BLVD., CHICAGO, ILL. LENINISM OR TROTSKYISM BY G. E. ZINOVIEV I. STALIN L. KAMENEV PRICE 20 CENTS PUBLISHED FEBRUARY 1925 FOR THE Workers Party of America BY THE DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 1113 W. WASHINGTON BLVD.. CHICAGO. ILL. pllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllH | READY! I 1 To Fill Every Need of the American 1 1 Working Class for 1 | INFORMATION | | The Daily Worker Publishing Co. | | 1113 W. Washington Blvd., | | Chicago, 111. i S Publishers of: H 1 THE DAILY WORKER, contains the news of the world | = of labor. It is the world's only Communist daily appearing j| j£ in English. It is the only daily in America that fights for the = = interests of the working class. Participants of the struggle ^ 5 against capitalism find the DAILY WORKER indispensable ji 5 for its information and its leadership. || j SUBSCRIPTION RATES: I = 1 year—$6.00; 6 mos.—$3.50; Smos.—$2.00. |j 5 In Chicago: = 1 1 year—$8.00; 6 mos.—$4.50; 3 mos.—$2.50. = 1 THE WORKERS MONTHLY as the official organ of the | j= Workers Party and the Trade Union Educational League re- s S fleets the struggles of the American working class againsj 5 5 capitalism. Every month are printed the, best contributions =j = to American working class art and literature together witt 5 £j theoretical and descriptive articles on timely labor subjects = j= by the leading figures of the American and International = §= Communist movement. -
Corporate Governance and Impossibilism
CRESC Working Paper Series Working Paper No. 48 Corporate governance and impossibilism Ismail Erturk, Julie Froud, Sukhdev Johal. Adam Leaver, David Shammai, Karel Williams CRESC, The University of Manchester January 2008 For further information: Centre for Research on Socio-Cultural Change (CRESC) Faculty of Social Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK Tel: +44 (0)1908 654458 Fax: +44 (0)1908 654488 Email: [email protected] or [email protected] Web: www.cresc.ac.uk The authors acknowledge the support of the ESRC under a Business Engagement Scheme award where CRESC and KPMG are partners. David Shammai works for KPMG and Karel Williams is co- director of CRESC. Ismail Erturk, Julie Froud and Adam Leaver teach at Manchester Business School while Sukhdev Johal teaches at Royal Holloway Management School. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and not the organizations they work for . CRESC Working Papers Corporate Governance and Impossibilism Corresponding Author: Karel Williams ESRC Centre for Research on Socio-Cultural Change (CRESC) 178 Waterloo Place The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL United Kingdom Fax: +44 (0)161 275 8986 Tel: (mobile UK) 0777 55 14173 [email protected] Abstract This paper presents a mixed methods analysis of proceduralised corporate governance as a technical practice which is “ impossibilist” because it not only inflates expectations but sets fundamentally unattainable objectives. An initial review of the systematic empiricist literature shows how disappointment with corporate governance is justified empirically because changes in procedure and new mechanisms (such as the insistence on more independent NEDS) have little ascertainable positive effect on shareholder value and firm performance. -
Computers and Economic Democracy
Rev.econ.inst. vol.1 no.se Bogotá 2008 COMPUTERS AND ECONOMIC DEMOCRACY Computadores y democracia económica Allin Cottrell; Paul Cockshott Ph.D. in Economics, professor of Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, USA, [[email protected]]. Ph.D. in Computer Science, researcher of the Glasgow University, Glasgow, United Kingdom, [[email protected]].. The collapse of previously existing socialism was due to causes embedded in its economic mechanism, which are not inherent in all possible socialisms. The article argues that Marxist economic theory, in conjunction with information technology, provides the basis on which a viable socialist economic program can be advanced, and that the development of computer technology and the Internet makes economic planning possible. In addition, it argues that the socialist movement has never developed a correct constitutional program, and that modern technology opens up opportunities for democracy. Finally, it reviews the Austrian arguments against the possibility of socialist calculation in the light of modern computational capacity and the constraints of the Kyoto Protocol. [Keywords: socialist planning, economic calculation, environmental constraints; JEL: P21, P27, P28] El colapso del socialismo anteriormente existente obedeció a causas integradas en su mecanismo económico, que no son inherentes a todos los socialismos posibles. El artículo muestra que la teoría económica marxista, junto con la informática, proporciona el fundamento para adelantar un programa económico socialista viable y que el desarrollo de la informática y de Internet hace posible la planificación económica. Además, argumenta que el movimiento socialista nunca desarrolló un programa constitucional correcto y que la tecnología moderna abre nuevas oportunidades para la democracia. -
Pablo Bio-Bibliographical Sketch
Lubitz' TrotskyanaNet Michel Pablo Bio-Bibliographical Sketch Contents: Basic biographical data Biographical sketch Selective bibliography Basic biographical data Name: Michel Pablo Other names (by-names, pseud. etc.): Abdelkrim ; Alain ; Archer ; Gabe ; Gabriel ; Henry ; Jérôme ; J.P. Martin ; Jean-Paul Martin ; Mike; Molitor ; M.P. ; Murat ; Pilar ; Michalēs N. Raptēs ; Michel Raptis ; Mihalis Raptis ; Mikhalis N. Raptis ; Robert ; Smith ; Spero ; Speros ; Vallin Date and place of birth: August 24, 1911, Alexandria (Egypt) Date and place of death: February 17, 1996, Athens (Greece) Nationality: Greek Occupations, careers, etc.: Civil engineer, professional revolutionary Time of activity in Trotskyist movement: 1928 - 1964 (1995) Biographical sketch A lifelong revolutionary, Michel Pablo for some one and a half decades was the chief leader of the Trotskyist Fourth International – or at least of its majority faction. He was perhaps one of the most renowned and at the same time one of the most controversial figures of the international Trotskyist movement; for all those claiming for themselves the label of "orthodox" Trotskyism, Pablo since 1953 was a whipping boy and the very synonym for centrism, revisionism, opportunism, and even for liquidationism. 'Michel Pablo' is one (and undoubtedly the best known) of more than about a dozen pseudonyms used by a man who was born Michael Raptis [Mikhalēs Raptēs / Μισέλ Πάμπλο]1 as son of Nikolaos Raptis [Raptēs], a Greek civil engineer, in Alexandria (Egypt) on August 24, 1911. He grew up and attended Greek schools in Egypt and from 1918 in Crete before, at the age of 17, he moved to Athens enrolling at the Polytechnic where he studied engineering. -
A Crisis of Commitment: Socialist Internationalism in British Columbia During the Great War
A Crisis of Commitment: Socialist Internationalism in British Columbia during the Great War by Dale Michael McCartney B.A., Simon Fraser University, 2004 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS In the Department of History © Dale Michael McCartney 2010 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Spring 2010 All rights reserved. However, in accordance with the Copyright Act of Canada, this work may be reproduced, without authorization, under the conditions for Fair Dealing. Therefore, limited reproduction of this work for the purposes of private study, research, criticism, review and news reporting is likely to be in accordance with the law, particularly if cited appropriately. APPROVAL Name: Dale Michael McCartney Degree: Master of Arts Title of Thesis: A Crisis of Commitment: Socialist Internationalism in British Columbia during the Great War Examining Committee: Chair: Dr. Emily O‘Brien Assistant Professor of History _____________________________________________ Dr. Mark Leier Senior Supervisor Professor of History _____________________________________________ Dr. Karen Ferguson Supervisor Associate Professor of History _____________________________________________ Dr. Robert A.J. McDonald External Examiner Professor of History University of British Columbia Date Defended/Approved: ________4 March 2010___________________________ ii Declaration of Partial Copyright Licence The author, whose copyright is declared on the title page of this work, has granted to Simon Fraser University the right to lend this thesis, project or extended essay to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. -
Institutional Economics Institutional Economics
INSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS INSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS Sponsored by a Grant TÁMOP-4.1.2-08/2/A/KMR-2009-0041 Course Material Developed by Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University Budapest (ELTE) Department of Economics, Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Balassi Kiadó, Budapest ELTE Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics INSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS Author: János Mátyás Kovács Supervised by János Mátyás Kovács June 2011 INSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS Week 3 ”Old” Institutional Economics I Marxism and the German Historical School János Mátyás Kovács Contents • Marx • Collectivist utopias • German Historical School Marx • Marx versus Marxism • Did Marx have a concept of institution at all? – Institutions and systems: capitalism versus communism – Social-economic formations – Modes of production – Production relations, property relations – Division of labor – Superstructure, state – Classes and hierarchies – The capitalist firm – Market, commodity, capital, competition • Institutions and interests • Historical/dialectic approach • Institutional change and revolution • Class struggle: natural selection? Marx (cont.) • Is the Marxian concept of institution empirical? • Material interests: utilitarian bias? • Acquisitive values, and incentives • Rationality without methodological individualism • Agency problem: determinism; historical laws and institutional change • Capitalism: homogenizing the non-capitalist institutions (Engels: family, state, private property) • Development scenarios: change versus progress, evolutionary optimism • Marx as a German historicist: methodological collectivism? Marx (cont.) Analytical (rational choice) Marxism • An attempt at reinterpretation within the Marxian paradigm in the framework of the revisionist wave of the 1970/80s • The revision happened to become more radical than in the case of neo-Marxist tendencies. • It concerned the theory of capitalism rather than communism: September Group (John Roemer, Jon Elster, Adam Przeworski, etc). -
The Discontents of Marxism
Munich Personal RePEc Archive The discontents of Marxism Freeman, Alan London Metropolitan University 30 December 2007 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/48635/ MPRA Paper No. 48635, posted 27 Jul 2013 14:16 UTC The discontents of Marxism Alan Freeman London Metropolitan University Abstract This is a pre-publication version of a full-length review of Kuhn, R. (2007) Henryk Grossman and the Recovery of Marxism. Urbana and U of Illinois. Please cite as Freeman, A. 2008. ‘The Discontents of Marxism’. Debatte, 16 (1), April 2008 pp. 122-131 Keywords: Economics, Marxism, Value Theory, Marxist political economy, Marxist Economics, Kondratieff, Grossman JEL Codes: B14, B31, B51 2008j Grossman Review for MPRA.doc Page 1 of 9 Alan Freeman The discontents of Marxism Review of Kuhn, R. (2007) Henryk Grossman and the Recovery of Marxism By Alan Freeman, London Metropolitan University In 1977, volumes 2 and 3 of Capital and Class, journal of the seven-year old Conference of Socialist Economists, carried Pete Burgess’s translation of Henryk Grossman’s 1941 review article Marx, Classical Political Economy and the Problem of Dynamics. Of this Kuhn (p190) justly remarks ‘It was and remains one of the most impressive critiques of the methodological underpinnings of the body of ideas known as economics in most universities and the media’. The second part of this article offers a devastating dissection of the approach known as ‘general equilibrium’, which now dominates not only orthodox but ‘Marxist’ economics. Had the participants in the next thirty years of debate around Marx’s economic theories treated this article with even normal professional diligence, most of what passes for ‘theory’ in this field would probably never have been written. -
Marx, Historical Materialism and the Asiatic Wde Of
MARX, HISTORICAL MATERIALISM AND THE ASIATIC WDE OF PRODUCTION BY Joseph Bensdict Huang Tan B.A. (Honors) Simon Fraser University 1994 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULLFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN THE SCHOOL OF COMMUN ICATION @Joseph B. Tan 2000 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY July 2000 Al1 rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. uisitions and Acguiiiet raphii Senrices senrices bibiiihiques The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Li'brary of Canada to BibIiothèque nationale du Canada de reproduceYloan, distriiute or sel1 reproduireyprêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microh, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous papa or electronic formats. la fome de micro fi ch el^ de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author tetains ownership of the L'auîeur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis*Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts iÏom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. ABSTRACT Historical materialism (HM), the theory of history originally developed by Marx and Engels is most comrnonly interpreted as a unilinear model, which dictates that al1 societies must pass through definite and universally similar stages on the route to communism. This simplistic interpretation existed long before Stalin and has persisted long after the process of de-Stalinization and into the present. -
Does Modern ICT Enable More Efficient Economic Models? Of
Does modern ICT enable more efficient economic models? of. Dr. Burkhard Stiller Burkhard Dr. of. Gionata Genazzi Zürich, Switzerland Student ID: 09-742-669 Supervisor: Poullie, Patrick Date of Submission: December 15, 2014 Vertiefungsarbeit — Vertiefungsarbeit CommunicationSystems Group, Pr University of Zurich Department of Informatics (IFI) Binzmühlestrasse 14, CH—8050 Zürich, Switzerland Index 0 Introduction and motivation ................................................................................................. 1 1 Arguments against planned and moneyless economy ....................................................... 3 1.1 Economic calculation problem .............................................................................. 3 1.2 Distribution of consumption goods ........................................................................ 4 1.3 Innovation and technical progress ........................................................................ 5 2 Cockshott and Cottrell’s model ............................................................................................ 7 2.1 Labor time as measure of cost ............................................................................. 7 2.2 Labor token system of distribution ........................................................................ 8 2.3 Resource allocation .............................................................................................. 9 2.4 Democratic decisions on major allocation questions ............................................. 9 2.5 -
The Workers' Inquiry from Trotskyism to Operaismo
the author(s) 2014 ISSN 1473-2866 (Online) ISSN 2052-1499 (Print) www.ephemerajournal.org volume 14(3): 493-513 The Workers’ Inquiry from Trotskyism to Operaismo: a political methodology for investigating the workplace Jamie Woodcock abstract This article discusses different approaches to conducting a workers’ inquiry. Although there is a certain level of ambiguity in the term, it is taken to mean a method for investigating the workplace from the point of view of the worker. The article aims to examine the methodological concerns involved with conducting a contemporary inquiry and to consider the different debates that have emerged from its use. It examines a particular set of examples from Marx, the breaks from orthodox Trotskyism with the Johnson-Forest Tendency and Socialisme ou Barbarie, and early phase of Operaismo or Italian Workerism. It is intended as a specific intervention that aims to understand what can be learned from an unorthodox Trotskyist interpretation of a workers’ inquiry and how this moment can provide an inspiration for the rethinking and reapplication of Marxism, both in terms of theory and practice, to the changing world. Introduction The aim of this article is to consider what can be learned from a number of different attempts at workers’ inquiries. This will be neither an exclusive nor an exhaustive study, but examine particular moments of interest. The different groups that broke with orthodox Trotskyism and the later Italian tradition sought to critically reassess the changing world around them, something that remains an important task today. The current conjuncture in the UK is characterised by the continuing impact of austerity.