Department of Architecture University of Washington ARCH

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Department of Architecture University of Washington

Spring Quarter 2019 M-W-F: 11:30 a.m. to 12:20 a.m.; 220 Kane Hall

Instructor: Professor Jeffrey Karl Ochsner

Course Description and Guide

This course presents a survey of architecture from 1750 to the present (generally, but not exclusively, in Europe and North America). Emphasis is placed on the development of the architecture of this period including significant buildings and projects, important theories and critical writings.

This Course Guide lecture-by-lecture summaries of material that will be covered in class. (For access to images, see the Course Syllabus.)

Class members are responsible for material in Ingersoll, World Architecture: A Cross-Cultural History Second Edition (2019), approximately pages 593-974, with a focus on the specific pages in the daily assignments in this guide.

(For class members who have the older edition, Ingersoll and Kostof, World Architecture: A Cross-Cultural History (2013), This course covers approximately pages 585-956, with a focus on the specific pages in the daily assignments in this guide.)

Class members are also responsible for material in William J.R. Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 Third Edition (New York, 1996), selected pages as indicated on daily lists included herein.

Additional references are provided for those who seek additional information, including pages in the textbook by Trachtenberg and Hyman, Architecture from Prehistory to Postmodernism/The Western Tradition, Second Edition (New York, 2002), that was required in this class in 2013 and 2014.

Class members will be held fully responsible for knowing individual "key works" identified on each daily slide list included herein. Class members are also responsible for knowing major theoretical developments and In addition, class members should be generally familiar with additional works that may be shown in class.

Class members should note that slide lists included herein are tentative and may be updated and reissued in class. Those updates will include changes to the material listed in this course summary. 2 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: MODERN ARCHITECTURE

TENTATIVE 2019 SCHEDULE (Subject to Change)

01 April Lecture #1: Introduction; the problem of "Modern Architecture" 03 April Lecture #2: The Emergence of Neoclassicism 05 April Lecture #3: The French Enlightenment; Boullee and Ledoux

08 April Lecture #4: Variations on Neoclassicism; Soane, Schinkel 10 April Lecture #5: Romanticism and the early Gothic Revival 12 April Lecture #6: The Spread and Breakdown of Neoclassicism

15 April Lecture #7: “In What Style Shall We Build?” QUIZ 17 April Lecture #8: H. H. Richardson 19 April Lecture #9: New Domestic Architecture: England and America

22 April Lecture #10: 19th Century Technological Developments 24 April Lecture #11: The Tall Building; Chicago and elsewhere 26 April Lecture #12: The Eclectic Era, America and Elsewhere, 1880-1925

29 April Lecture #13: Frank Lloyd Wright to 1914 01 May IN-CLASS MID-TERM EXAM 03 May Lecture #14: Art Nouveau: Horta and Guimard; Mackintosh; Gaudi

06 May Lecture #15: Vienna: The “Testing Ground of Modernism” 08 May Lecture #16: Continental Directions, 1900-1914 10 May Lecture #17: A New Aesthetic: Futurism, de Stijl, Constructivism TAKE-HOME MIDTERM EXAM DUE

13 May Lecture #18: The Triumph of Neue Sachlichkeit, The Bauhaus 15 May Lecture #19: Searching for Modernism: Mies, LeCorbusier 17 May Lecture #20: The Modern Movement Coalesces

20 May Lecture #21: From Tradition to Modernity 22 May Lecture #22: Spread of Modernism, 1920s to 1940s 24 May Lecture #23: Modernism Comes to America, 1920 to 1942 QUIZ

27 May HOLIDAY: NO CLASS 29 May Lecture #24: The Post-War Period: Modernism and Corporate America 31 May Lecture #25: The Variety of Post-War Modernism

03 June Lecture #26: The Problem of Monumentality, 1945-1975 05 June Lecture #27: The Search for Meaning: Postmodernism and Alternatives 07 June Lecture #28: Modernism, Technology, Place

10-14 June FINALS WEEK: FINAL EXAM as scheduled by University of Washington Wednesday 12 June, 2:30 to 4:20 p.m. [verify at: https://www.washington.edu/students/reg/S2019exam.html]

3 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #1: 1 April - 5 April 2019

1 April Lecture #1: Introduction; the problem of "Modern Architecture"

The meanings and terms such as modern architecture, modernism, the Modern Movement, revivalism, eclecticism, and so forth. Consideration of the characteristics of the modern period: a) technology and industrialization; b) patronage and professionalism; c) mass culture and related political movements; d) imperialism and colonialism. The problem of historical revisionism in considering the architecture of the modern period. The Modern Movement and "the end of history." Limits of the course material--the problem of selecting what to include. Directions in 18th and 19th century architecture: the Rational tradition in France; the Picturesque tradition in England.

Issue and terms: "modern architecture"; "modernism"; "Modern Movement" "eclecticism"; "revivalism"

Impacts technology and industrialization patronage and professionalism mass culture and politics imperialism and colonialism

Historiographic problems the Modern Movement and the "end of history" revisionism and new scholarship ______

Reading:

Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 593-595, 606. Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 21-31.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 585-586, 598.]

Some Suggested Supplemental Reading:

Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 375-377.

Frampton, Kenneth, Modern Architecture: A Critical History, Ch. 1 Kostof, Spiro, History of Architecture, 547-549 Colquhoun, Alan, Modern Architecture, 9-11.

Bergdoll, Barry, European Architecture, 1750-1890, 1-7 Perez-Gomez, Alberto, Architecture and the Crisis of Modern Science 4 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #1 (continued)

3 April Lecture #2: The Emergence of Neoclassicism

The nature of the Enlightenment; its critical impact on architecture. The search for sources of architectural design. The impact of new discoveries about antiquity. The move towards simplification of geometry and simplified formal order. Neoclassicism in England and France. The impact of Laugier's Essai sur l'architecture (1753).

KEY WORKS:

Richard Boyle (Lord Burlington) Chiswick House, London, 1725-29

Ange-Jacques Gabriel Petit Trianon, Versailles, 1761-1768

Jacques Germain Soufflot St. Genevieve, Paris, 1757-1790 (secularized as Pantheon, 1791)

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

England:

Richard Boyle (Lord Burlington) (1694-1753) Chiswick House, nr. London, 1725

William Kent (1685-1748) and Lord Burlington Holkham Hall, Norfolk, 1734-

John Wood, the elder (1704-1754) Circus, Bath, 1754-64

John Wood, the younger (1728-1781) Royal Crescent, Bath, 1767-

James Stuart (1713-1788), Nicholas Revett (1720-1804) Antiquities of Athens, 1762, 1789,…1816

5 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #1 (continued)

3 April Lecture #2: The emergence of Neoclassicism (continued)

France:

Marc-Antoine Laugier (1713-1769) Essai sur L'Architecture, 1753

Julien-David LeRoy (1724-1803) Ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grece, 1758

Ange-Jacques Gabriel (1699-1782) Petit Trianon, Versailles, 1761-1768

Marie Joseph Peyre (1730-1785) Charles de Wailly (1730-1798) Théâtre Français, Paris, 1762-1782 (later: Théâtre de l'Odeon, Théâtre de France)

Jacques Germain Soufflot (1713-1780) Ste.-Geneviève, Paris, 1757-1790 (secularized as Panthéon, 1791) ______

Reading:

Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 593-594, 606-617.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 594-595, 598-609.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading:

Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 375-386, 390-398.

Frampton, Kenneth, Modern Architecture: A Critical History, Pt. 1, Ch. 1

Bergdoll, Barry, European Architecture, 1750-1890, 8-61.

Harris, John, The Palladian Revival: Lord Burlington, His Villa and Garden at Chiswick

(in addition there are many books on Soufflot) 6 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #1 (continued)

5 April Lecture #3: The French Enlightenment; Boullee and Ledoux

French rationalism and architecture. Movement toward radical simplification of form. Visionary architecture by Boullee and Ledoux. Geometric symbolism and the possibility of an "architecture parlante."

KEY WORKS:

Étienne-Louis Boullée National Library (also known as Royal Library) project, 1785 Cenotaph for Isaac Newton, 1784

Claude-Nicholas Ledoux Barrieres de Paris, 1784-1787 Barriere de la Villette Saltworks at Chaux, betw. Arc and Senans, 1773, 1775-1779 Ideal city of Chaux projects

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

Étienne-Louis Boullée (1728-1799) Projects, 1780-1799 National Library project, Paris, 1785 City Gate, Fort Museum to contain statues of famous men Pyramidal Cenotaph, Conical Cenotaph Cenotaph for Isaac Newton, 1784

Claude-Nicholas Ledoux (1735-1806) Maison de (house of) Mlle. Guimard, near Paris, 1770-1772 Théâtre de Besançon, Besançon, 1775 Saltworks at Chaux, betw. Arc and Senans, 1773, 1775-1779 Barrières de Paris, 1784-1787 Barrière de la Villette Barrière de Monceau Architecture, 1804 Ideal city of Chaux projects Chaux plan expanded Market Forge House of education Cooper's house Inspector's house at the source of the Loue Oikema, temple dedicated to love Cemetery 7 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #1 (continued)

5 April Lecture #3: The French Enlightenment; Boullee and Ledoux (continued)

Reading:

Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 618-627.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 610-617.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading:

Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 408-413, 415-422

Frampton, Kenneth, Modern Architecture, Pt. 1, Ch. 1

Bergdoll, Barry, European Architecture, 1750-1890, 119-128, 189-195

Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, 19th and 20th Centuries, Chapters 1-4 Middleton, R., and Watkin, D., Neoclassical and 19th Century Architecture, Ch. 1-4 Mignot, Claude, Architecture of the Nineteenth Century in Europe Summerson, John, Architecture of the Eighteenth Century Watkin, David, English Architecture: A Concise History

England:

de la Ruffiniere du Prey, Pierre, John Soane: The Making of An Architect Schumann-Bacia, Eva, John Soane and The Bank of England Stroud, Dorothy, George Dance, Architect, 1741-1825 Stroud, Dorothy, Sir John Soane, Architect

Germany:

Hitchcock, 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 1-3 Middleton, R., and Watkin, D., Neoclassical and 19th Century Architecture, Ch. 1-4 Snodin, Karl Friedrich Schinkel: A Universal Man Watkin, D., and Mellinghoff, T., German Architecture and the Classical Ideal Pundt, Hermann, Schinkel's Berlin 10

Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #2 (continued)

10 April Lecture #5: Romanticism and the early Gothic Revival

Romanticism. Influence of the idea of the "picturesque." Origins of the Gothic Revival in England. Pugin, "Christian architecture," and the issue of “morality.” Architecture and nationalism—Parliament. The early Gothic Revival in America.

KEY WORKS:

James Wyatt Fonthill Abbey, Wiltshire, 1795-1812

A. W. N. Pugin St. Giles’s [church], Cheadle, Staffordshire, 1841-6

Charles Barry and A. W. N. Pugin Houses of Parliament, London, 1835-1860

Alexander Jackson Davis "Lyndhurst," Tarrytown, NY, 1838, 1865-1867

Richard Upjohn Trinity Church, New York, NY, 1839-1846

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

England:

Horace Walpole Gothic villa ("Strawberry Hill"), (greater) London, 1746-1776+

James Wyatt (1746-1813) Fonthill Abbey, Wiltshire, 1795-1812

A. W. N. (August Welby Northmore) Pugin (1812-1852) Contrasts, 1836 The True Principles of Pointed or Christian Architecture, 1841 An Apology for the Revival of Christian Architecture in England, 1843

Pugin’s own house, St. Marie’s Grange, near Salisbury, 1835 St. Giles’s [church], Cheadle, Staffordshire, 1841-6

Charles Barry (1795-1860) and A. W. N. Pugin Houses of Parliament, London, 1835-1860

11 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #2 (continued)

10 April Lecture #5: Romanticism and the early Gothic Revival (continued)

United States:

Andrew Jackson Downing (1815-1852) Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening, Adapted to North America, 1841

Andrew Jackson Downing and Alexander Jackson Davis, collaborators Cottage Residences, 1842

Andrew Jackson Downing The Architecture of Country Houses, 1850

Alexander Jackson Davis (1803-1892) Rural Residences, 1837 "Lyndhurst," Tarrytown, NY, 1838, 1865-1867

Richard Upjohn (1802-1878) Trinity Church, New York, NY, 1839-1846

James Renwick (1818-1895) Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, 1848-1849

Reading:

Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 594-602, 660-663.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 586-593, 652-655.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading:

Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 386-390, 437-443

Bergdoll, Barry, European Architecture, 1750-1890, 73-85, 139-145, 154-170

Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 6, 8 Mignot, Claude Architecture of the 19th Century in Europe, after page 48 Middleton, R., and Watkin, D. , Neoclassical and 19th Century Architecture, Ch. 7 Clark, Kenneth, The Gothic Revival Germann, Georg, Gothic Revival in Europe and Britain: Sources, Influences and Ideas

Whiffen, M., and Koeper, F. American Architecture William H. Pierson, Jr., American Buildings and Their Architects (v.2): Technology and the Picturesque: The Corporate and Early Gothic Styles

Atterbury, Paul, and Wainwright, Clive, eds., Pugin: A Gothic Passion Brooks, Michael, John Ruskin and Victorian Architecture

(in addition, there are many books on all aspects of the Gothic revival) 12 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #2 (continued)

12 April Lecture #6: Spread and Breakdown of Neoclassicism; École des Beaux-Arts

Later Neoclassicism in England. From Neoclassical to Greek Revival in America. France and Germany: the influence of Durand—economy and efficiency. The Ecole des Beaux Arts, its program and influence.

KEY WORKS:

John Nash Regent Street and Regent's Park, London Plan, 1812 (plan), 1818-1830s (including various terraces: York, Hanover, Crescent, Cumberland)

Thomas Jefferson University of Virginia, Charlottesville, 1804, 1817-1826

Benjamin Henry Latrobe St. Mary's Cathedral, Baltimore, 1805-1818

Leo (von) Klenze (1784-1864) Glyptothek, Munich, 1815-1830

Henri Labrouste Bibliotheque St. Genevieve, Paris, 1839, 1843-1860 Reading room, Bibliotheque National, Paris, 1857-1867

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

England

John Nash (1752-1835) Regent Street and Regent's Park, London Plan, 1812, 1818-1830s (construction) Various terraces: York, Hanover, Crescent, Cumberland

Robert Smirke (1780-1867) British Museum, 1822-1846

United States

Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) Virginia State Capitol, Richmond, 1785-1796 University of Virginia, Charlottesville, 1804, 1817-1826

Benjamin Henry Latrobe (1764-1820) Bank of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1798-1800 St. Mary's Cathedral, Baltimore, 1805-1818

William Strickland (1788-1854) Second Bank of the United States, Philadelphia, 1818-1824

13 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #2 (continued)

12 April Lecture #6: Spread and Breakdown of Neoclassicism; École des Beaux-Arts

Robert Mills (1781-1855) Treasury Building, Washington, DC, 1836-1842

France

Jean Nicholas Louis Durand (1760-1834) Preçis des Leçons d'architecture données à l'École Polytechnique, 1802-1805, 1817-1818

Germany

Leo (von) Klenze (1784-1864) Glyptothek, Munich, 1815-1830 Walhalla, Regensburg, 1831-1832

France

Ecole des Beaux-Arts, Paris, 1819-1968

Henri P. F. Labrouste (1801-1875) Bibliothéque Ste. Geneviève, Paris, 1839, 1843-1860 Reading room, Bibliothéque Nationale, Paris, 1857-1867

Reading:

Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 602-605, 640-641, 652-659.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013),594-597, 644-651.

Suggested Supplemental Reading:

Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 390-393, 415-425, 427-434, 457-460

Bergdoll, Barry, European Architecture, 1750-1890, 179-184.

Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 6, 8-11 Mignot, Claude, Architecture of the Nineteenth Century in Europe Middleton, R., and Watkin, D., Neoclassical and 19th Century Architecture, Ch. 6

Summerson, John, The Life and Work of John Nash

Drexler, Arthur, The Architecture of the Ecole des Beaux Arts Middleton, Robin, ed., The Beaux Arts and 19th Century French Architecture Van Zanten, David, Designing Paris 14 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #3: 15 April - 19 April 2019

15 April Lecture #7: “In what style shall we build?”

The problem of style. The Second Empire in France. High Victorian Gothic in England. Architecture in America.

KEY WORKS

Charles Garnier Opéra, Paris, 1861-1875

William Butterfield All Saints, Margaret Street, London, 1849-1859

George Edmund Street (1824-1881) Law Courts, London, 1866-1882

George Gilbert Scott Midland Grand Hotel/St. Pancras Station, London, 1868-1874

Ware & Van Brunt Memorial Hall, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 1870-1878

Frank Furness Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Philadelphia, PA, 1871-1876

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

France

[Baron] Georges Haussmann (1809-91) Plan for Paris, 1853-1870

L. T. J. Visconti (1791-1853) and H. M. Lefuel (1810-1880) Louvre (additions), Paris, 1852-1857

Charles Garnier (1825-1898) Opéra, Paris, 1861-1875

England

John Ruskin (1819-1900) Seven Lamps of Architecture, 1849 The Stones of Venice, 1853

William Butterfield (1814-1900) All Saints, Margaret Street, London, 1849-1859 Keeble College, Oxford, 1868

15 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #3 (continued)

15 April Lecture #7: “In what style shall we build?” (continued)

Woodward and Deane [Benjamin Woodward (1815-1861) and Thomas Deane (1792-1871)] Oxford Museum, 1853-1859

George Edmund Street (1824-1881) St. James the Less Church, London, 1859-61 Law Courts, London, 1866-1882

George Gilbert Scott (1811-1878) Albert Memorial, London, 1863-1872 Midland Grand Hotel/St. Pancras Station, London, 1868-1874

United States

Alfred B. Mullett (1834-1890) State, War and Navy Building (now Executive Office Building), Washington, DC, 1871-1887

Ware & Van Brunt [William R. Ware (1832-1903) and Henry Van Brunt (1832-1915)] Memorial Hall, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 1870-1878

Frank Furness (1839-1912) Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Philadelphia, PA, 1871-1876 Library, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 1888-1891

______

Reading:

Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 664, 666, 670, 682, 687-693, 729-738.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 655-656, 661-662, 679-685, 719-724, 726, 727.

16 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #3 (continued)

15 April Lecture #7: “In what style shall we build?” (continued)

Suggested Supplemental Reading:

Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 386-390, 425-443

Bergdoll, Barry, European Architecture, 1750-1890, 196-203, 240-257

Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 6, 8 Mignot, Architecture of the 19th Century in Europe, after page 48 Middleton, R., and Watkin, D. , Neoclassical and 19th Century Architecture, Ch. 7 Clark, Kenneth, The Gothic Revival Germann, Georg, Gothic Revival in Europe and Britain: Sources, Influences and Ideas Hersey, Geroge L., High Victorian Gothic: A Study in Associationism

Brooks, Michael, John Ruskin and Victorian Architecture

Whiffen, M., and Koeper, F. American Architecture Upton, D., and Vlach, J. M., Common Places: Readings in American Vernacular Architecture William H. Pierson, Jr., American Buildings and Their Architects (v.1): The Colonial and Neoclassic Styles William H. Pierson, Jr., American Buildings and Their Architects (v.2): Technology and the Picturesque: The Corporate and Early Gothic Styles

James F. O'Gorman, The Architecture of Frank Furness Thomas, George E., et. al., Frank Furness: The Complete Works

(in addition, there are books on the architecture of many other architects and works of this period)

17 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #3 (continued)

17 April Lecture #8: H. H. Richardson

Henry Hobson Richardson's synthesis of multiple architectural currents. Richardson's use of the Romanesque to impose a new architectural discipline. Toward an architecture of mass, gravity and repose and the elimination of archaeological detail. Richardson's impact.

KEY WORKS:

H. H. Richardson Trinity Church, Boston, MA, 1872-1877 Crane Library, Quincy, MA, 1880-1882 Allegheny County Court House and Jail, Pittsburgh, PA, 1883-1888 Marshall Field Wholesale Store, Chicago, IL, 1885-1887 J. J. Glessner House, Chicago, IL, 1885-1887

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

Henry Hobson Richardson (1838-1886) Brattle Square Church, Boston, MA, 1869-1873 Trinity Church, Boston, MA, 1872-1877 Sever Hall, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 1878-1880 Libraries Crane Library, Quincy, MA, 1880-1882 Railroad Stations Boston & Albany RR Station, Auburndale, MA, 1881 Allegheny County Court House and Jail, Pittsburgh, PA, 1883-1888 Marshall Field Wholesale Store, Chicago, IL, 1885-1887 F. L. Ames Store, Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 1886-1887 J. J. Glessner House, Chicago, IL, 1885-1887 ______

Reading: Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 738-739. Curtis. Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 42-43, 93.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 726, 728.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading: Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 471-473

Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, Architecture 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 13 Whiffen/Koeper, American Architecture, 224-234

Breisch, Kenneth, Henry Hobson Richardson and the Small Public Library in America Floyd, Margaret Henderson, Henry Hobson Richardson: A Genius for Architecture Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, The Architecture of H. H. Richardson and His Times Meister, Maureen, ed., H. H. Richardson: The Architect, His Peers, and Their Era O'Gorman, James F., H. H. Richardson: Architectural Forms for an American Society O'Gorman, James F., Living Architecture: A Biography of H. H. Richardson Ochsner, Jeffrey Karl, H. H. Richardson: Complete Architectural Works Ochsner, Jeffrey Karl, and Andersen, Dennis Alan, Distant Corner: Seattle Architects and the Legacy of H. H. Richardson Van Rensselaer, Marianna Griswold, Henry Hobson Richardson and His Works 18 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #3 (continued)

19 April Lecture #9: Reforming the Home: England and America

The emergence of new directions in domestic design in England and America. William Morris and the Arts and Crafts movement; socialism and architecture. Richard Norman Shaw and the "Queen Anne" mode. C. F. A. Voysey. Comparable developments in the United States; the "shingle style." Later American Arts & Crafts influence in California.

KEY WORKS:

Philip Webb Red House (for William Morris), Bexley Heath, Kent, 1859

Richard Norman Shaw Leyswood, near Withyham, Sussex, 1868

C. F. A. Voysey Broadleys, Lake Windemere, 1898-1899

H. H. Richardson Stoughton House, Cambridge, MA, 1882-1883

McKim, Mead & White Isaac Bell House, Newport, RI, 1883-1885

Greene & Greene: Gamble House, Pasadena, CA, 1909

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

The Arts and Crafts Movement:

William Morris (1834-1896)

Philip Webb (1831-1915) Red House (for William Morris), Bexley Heath, Kent, 1859

Richard Norman Shaw Leyswood, near Withyham, Sussex, 1868 Bedford Park Houses, near London, 1877

C. F. A. (Charles Francis Annesley) Voysey (1857-1941) Hogg's Back (Julian Sturgis House), Surrey, 1896 Broadleys, Lake Windemere, 1898-1899 19 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #4 (continued)

19 April Lecture #9: New Domestic Architecture: England and America (continued):

The Shingle Style, 1870-1895:

H. H. Richardson (1838-1886) William Watts Sherman House, Newport, RI, 1874-1876 Mary Fisk Stoughton House, Cambridge, MA, 1882-1883

McKim, Mead & White Charles Follen McKim (1847-1909), William Rutherford Mead (1846-1928) Stanford White (1853-1906) Isaac Bell, Jr. House, Newport, RI, 1883-1885 William G. Low House, Bristol, RI, 1887

California, 1900-1915:

Greene & Greene: Charles Sumner Greene (1868-1957) Henry Mather Greene (1870-1954) David B. Gamble House, Pasadena, CA, 1909

Irving Gill (1870-1936) Walter L. Dodge House, Los Angeles, CA, 1914-1916

Bernard Maybeck (1862-1957) First Church of Christ Scientist, Berkeley, CA, 1910 ______

Reading: Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 722-726, 742-748, 758, 761-764. Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 86-97.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 713-716, 733-737, 747, 750-753.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading: Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 465-471 Frampton, Kenneth, Modern Architecture: Critical History, Pt. 2, Ch. 1 Hitchcock, henry-Russell, Architecture 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 12, 15 (first half), 19

Davey, Peter, Arts and Crafts Architecture Saint, Andrew, Richard Norman Shaw Roth, Leland, Shingle Styles: Innovation and Tradition in American Architecture, 1874 to 1982 Scully, Vincent, The Shingle Style and the Stick Style Bosley, Edward R., Greene & Greene Hines, Thomas F., Irving Gill and the Architecture of Reform McCoy, Esther, Five California Architects Randell L. Makinson, Greene & Greene Winter, Robert, ed., Toward a Simpler Way of Life: Arts & Crafts Architects of California

(in addition, there are many books on the Arts and Crafts Movement) 20 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #4: 22 April - 26 April 2019

22 April Lecture #10: 19th Century Technological Developments

The evolution of structural metal technology in the nineteenth century. The use of metal and glass. The construction of train sheds, bridges, arcades, markets, conservatories, and similar buildings. Department stores. Exhibition building design including the Crystal Palace and the Eiffel tower.

KEY WORKS:

Russell Warren (1783-1860), architect and James C. Bucklin (1801-1890), contractor Providence Arcade, Providence, RI, 1828

Giuseppi Mengoni Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II, Milan, Italy, 1865-1867

Decimus Burton and Richard Turner Palm House, Kew Gardens, London, 1845-1847

Joseph Paxton Crystal Palace, London, 1850-1851

Gustave Eiffel Tower, Paris, 1889

Dutert and Contamin Galerie des Machines, Paris, 1889

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

J. N. L. Durand Precis des Lecons donnees a l'Ecole Polytechnique, 1802-1809

Jean-Baptiste Rondelet Traite de l'Art de batir, 1801-1817 ______

For Train Sheds, Bridges and Industrial Buildings, see Ingersoll/Kostof

Prefabrication--Cast Iron Facades James Bogardus (1800-1874) Laing Stores, New York, 1849

Arcades: Russell Warren (1783-1860), architect and James C. Bucklin (1801-1890), contractor Providence Arcade, Providence, RI, 1828 Giuseppi Mengoni (1829-1877) Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II, Milan, Italy, 1865-1867

Public markets Victor Baltard (1805-1874) Les Halles Centrales, Paris, 1855-1866 21 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #4 (continued)

22 April Lecture #10: 19th Century Technological Developments (continued)

Conservatories Decimus Burton (1800-1881) and Richard Turner Palm House, Kew Gardens, London, 1845-1847

Exhibition Pavilion Joseph Paxton (1803-1865) Crystal Palace, London, 1850-1851

Metal within a traditional context Henri P. F. Labrouste (1801-1875) Bibliothéque Ste. Geneviève, Paris, 1839-1850 Reading room, Bibliothéque Nationale, Paris, 1857-1867

Woodward and Deane Oxford Museum, 1853-1859

Department Stores Louis Charles Boileau (1837-1910) Nouvelle Forme Architecturale (1853) Le Fer, principal element constructif de la nouvelle architecture (1871) Au Bon Marche [department] store, Paris, 1869-1872 (Gustave Eiffel, engineer)

Exhibition Buildings Gustave Eiffel (1832-1923) Tower, Paris, 1889 Dutert and Contamin (C. L. F. Dutert (1845-1906) and Victor Contamin (1840-1893)) Galerie des Machines, Paris, 1889

22 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #4 (continued)

22 April Lecture #10: 19th Century Technological Developments (continued)

Reading:

Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 670-682, 781. Curtis. Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 36-39, 72-85.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 663-676, 769.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading:

Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 473-480

Frampton, Kenneth, Modern Architecture: Critical History, Part 2, Ch. 2 Colquhoun, Alan, Modern Architecture, 34-43. Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, Architecture 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 14 Whiffen and Koeper, American Architecture, Ch. 10 (pp. 238-267)

About the Chicago School:

Condit, Carl, The Chicago School of Architecture Jordy, William, American Buildings and Their Architects, v. 3: Progressive and Academic Ideals at the Turn of the 20th Century, Ch. 1, 2 O'Gorman, James F., Three American Architects: Richardson, Sullivan and Wright, 1865-1915 Rowe, Colin, "Chicago Frame," in The Mathematics of the Ideal Villa and Other Essays Zukowsky, John, ed., Chicago Architecture 1872-1922: The Birth of a Metropolis

About Burnham & Root:

Hines, Thomas, Burnham of Chicago: Architect and Planner Hoffman, Donald, The Architecture of John Welborn Root Monroe, Harriet, John Wellborn Root Architect (1896; available in reprint editon)

About Louis Sullivan:

De Wit, Wim, ed., Louis Sullivan: The Function of Ornament Menocal, Narciso, Architecture as Nature: the Transcendental Idea of Louis Sullivan Morrison, Hugh, Louis Sullivan: Prophet of Modern Architecture Twombly, Robert, Louis Sullivan: His Life and Work Twombly, Robert, ed., Louis Sullivan: The Public Papers

Sullivan, Louis, The Autobiography of an Idea (1924; available in reprint edition) Sullivan, Louis, Kindergarten Chats (1918; available in reprint edition) Sullivan, Louis, A System of Architectural Ornament According with a Philosophy of Man's Powers (1924; available in reprint edition)

(in addition, there are many other books on several Chicago School architects) 25 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #4 (continued)

26 April Lecture #12: The Eclectic Era, America and elsewhere, 1880-1930

Origins of the academic movement; influence of the Ecole des Beaux Arts. The World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893. Work of representative firms working in the academic eclectic modes: McKim, Mead & White; Warren & Wetmore, Cass Gilbert, Julia Morgan. Traditional architecture in Europe; Edwin Lutyens. Seattle's Bebb & Gould.

KEY WORKS:

McKim, Mead & White Boston Public Library, Boston, 1887-1895 Pennsylvania Station, New York, 1905-1910

Cass Gilbert Woolworth Building, New York, NY, 1913

Julia Morgan St. John's Presbyterian Church, Berkeley, CA, 1908-1910 YWCA, Oakland, CA, 1913-1915

Edwin Lutyens Governmental Buildings, Delhi, India, 1915-1931

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893 coordinated by D. H. Burnham (with landscape planning by F. L. Olmsted) Administration Building, Richard Morris Hunt (1827-1895) Machinery Hall, Peabody & Stearns Agriculture Building, McKim, Mead & White Women's Building, Sophia Hayden (1869-1953) Transportation Building, Adler & Sullivan ______

McKim, Mead & White Charles Follen McKim (1847-1909); William Rutherford Mead (1846-1920); Stanford White (1853-1906) Boston Public Library, Boston, 1887-1895 Pennsylvania Station, New York, 1905-1910

Cass Gilbert (1859-1934) Woolworth Building, New York, NY, 1913

Julia Morgan (1872-1957) St. John's Presbyterian Church, Berkeley, CA, 1908-1910 YWCA, Oakland, CA, 1913-1915 San Simeon ("Hearst Castle"), Central, CA, 1919-1940?

26 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #5 (continued)

26 April Lecture #13: The Eclectic Era , 1880-1930 (continued):

Edwin Lutyens (1869-1944) Governmental Buildings, Delhi, India, 1915-1931 ______

Bebb & Gould Charles Herbert Bebb (1858-1942); Carl Freylinghausen Gould (1873-1939) Campus plan, University of Washington, Seattle, 1914-1915 Suzzallo Library, UW, Seattle, 1922-1926 ______

Reading: Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 710-711, 729-741, 762-764, 768-769, 913 Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 50-51

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 701-702, 719-731, 752-758, 900.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading: Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.) 525-526

Colquhoun, Alan, Modern Architecture (2002), 43-46, 49.

Hitchcock, Architecture: 19th and 20th Centuries, pp. 392-410 Whiffen and Koeper, American Architecture, Ch. 11 (pp. 268-298)

Boutelle, Sara Holmes, Julia Morgan, Architect Hewitt, Mark A., The Architect and the American Country House Roth, Leland, McKim, Mead & White, Architects

(obviously a very incomplete list; there are many books on many of the leading traditional or academic eclectic architects of the early twentieth century) 27 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #5: 29 April – 3 May 2019

29 April Lecture #13: Frank Lloyd Wright to 1914

Wright's background and apprenticeship to Sullivan. Wright's architecture as synthesis of previous currents. Breaking out of the box; creating an architecture for the prairies. Design strategies in Wright's work.

KEY WORKS:

Frank Lloyd Wright Winslow House, River Forest, IL, 1893-1895 Willits House, Highland Park, IL, 1901 Robie House, Chicago, IL, 1906, 1908-1909 Larkin Building, Buffalo, NY, 1903-1904 Unity Church, Oak Park, IL, 1904-1906

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959) Frank Lloyd Wright House, Oak Park, IL, 1889 (additions: 1893-1895) George Blossom House, Oak Park, IL, 1892 Winslow House, Rivert Forest, IL, 1893-1898 Warren Hickox House, Kankakee, IL, 1900 Ward Willits House, Highland Park, IL, 1901 Frederick G. Robie House, Chicago, IL, 1906, 1908-1909

Larkin Company Administration Building, Buffalo, NY, 1903-1904 Unity Church, Oak Park, IL, 1904-1906

Imperial Hotel, Tokyo, Japan, 1913-1920

Reading: Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 756-760 Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 112-129

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 746-749.]

28 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #5 (continued)

29 April Lecture #13: Frank Lloyd Wright to 1914 (continued)

Suggested Supplemental Reading:

Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 480-485

Colquhoun, Alan, Modern Architecture, 49-55 Frampton, Kenneth, Modern Architecture: Critical History, Part 2, Ch. 3

Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, Architecture: 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 15, 19 Whiffen and Koeper, American Architecture, Ch. 12 (pp. 294-319)

Brooks, H. Allen, Frank Lloyd Wright and the Prairie School Gill, Brendan, Many Masks: A Life of Frank Lloyd Wright Hildebrand, Grant, The Wright Space Hitchcock, Henry Russell, In the Nature of Materials Manson, Grant, Frank Lloyd Wright to 1910: The First Golden Age O'Gorman, James F., Three American Architects: Richardson, Sullivan and Wright, 1865-1915 Scully, Vincent J., Frank Lloyd Wright Storrer, William A., The Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright: A Complete Catalog Twombly, Robert, Frank Lloyd Wright: His Life and Architecture

Wright, Frank Lloyd, An American Architecture Wright, Frank Lloyd, The Living City Wright, Frank Lloyd, A Testament

(obviously a very incomplete list; there is a very extensive literature on Wright and additional books authored by Wright himself)

29 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #5 (continued)

1 May IN-CLASS MID-TERM EXAM

A review sheet will be distributed in class. Works to be known for slide identifications will be selected from those identified as KEY WORKS on slide lists.

Class members are responsible for all assigned material in Ingersoll, World Architecture: A Cross-Cultural History Second Edition (approximately pages 593-769), and assigned readings in Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900, and for all ideas, concepts and key works covered in class lectures through and including 26 April 2019.

For additional reference, especially for additional images, consult other works listed with daily lectures, books on reserve and Trachtenberg and Hyman, Architecture: From Prehistory to Postmodernism/The Western Tradition Second Edition, approximately pages 375-485. 30

Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #5 (continued)

3 May Lecture #14: Art Nouveau: Horta and Guimard; Gaudi; Mackintosh

Seeking a new architecture of metal and glass: Art Nouveau in art and architecture. Works by Horta in Belgium and Guimard in France. Parallel but independent developments elsewhere. The architecture of Gaudi. The architecture of Mackintosh.

KEY WORKS:

Victor Horta Solvay House, Brussels, 1895-1897 Maison du Peuple, Brussels, 1897-1900

Hector Guimard Metro Station entrances, Paris, 1894-1899

Antonio Gaudi Park Guell, Barcelona, 1900-1914 Casa Mila, Barcelona, 1905-1910 Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, 1884, 1910-1926 (and continuing)

Charles Rennie Mackintosh Glasgow School of Art, Glasgow, 1896-1913

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

Art Nouveau

Victor Horta (1861-1947) Tassel House, Brussels, Belgium, 1892-1893 Solvay House, Brussels, 1895-1897 Maison du Peuple, Brussels, 1897-1900

Hector Guimard (1867-1942) Metro Station entrances, Paris, 1894-1899 Coillot House (Maison Coilliot), Lille, 1898-1900 ______

Parallel developments (but not Art Nouveau)

Antonio Gaudi (1852-1926) Park Guell, Barcelona, 1900-1914 Casa Battlo, Barcelona, 1904-1906 Casa Mila, Barcelona, 1905-1910 Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, 1884, 1910-1926 (and continuing) ______

Charles Rennie Mackintosh (1868-1928) Glasgow School of Art, Glasgow, 1896-1913 west wing, library, 1907-1908 Hill House, Helensburgh, 1902-1903 31 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #5 (continued)

3 May Lecture #14: Art Nouveau: Horta and Guimard; Gaudi; Mackintosh (continued):

Reading:

Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 777-780, 787-789. Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 52-65.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 765-768, 770-777.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading: Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 485-488, 491.

Colquhoun, Alan, Modern Architecture, 12-26. Frampton, Modern Architecture: Critical History, Pt. 2, Ch. 4, 5

Hitchcock, 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 16, 17

Russell, Frank, ed., Art Nouveau Architecture, esp. Ch. 1-4 Borsi and Godoli, Paris 1900 Borsi and Godoli, Brussels 1900

Borsi and Portoghesi, Horta Reims, Maurice, Hector Guimard Macleod, Robert, Charles Rennie Mackintosh: Architect and Artist Clausen, Meredith, Franz Jourdain and the Samaritaine 32 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #6: 6 May - 10 May 2019

6 May Lecture #15: Vienna: "Testing Ground of Modernism"

The city of Vienna as "testing ground of Modernism" with developments in music, painting, philosophy, physics, and psychology. The influence of Gottfried Semper (1803-1879). Impact of "The Secession." Movement toward Modernism in the work of Otto Wagner. Works by Olbrich and Hoffman. Adolf Loos and the radical critique.

Vienna: "The Testing Ground of Modernism" Mahler, Schoenberg (music) Klimt, Kokoshka (painting) Mauthner, Wittgenstein (philosophy) Boltzmann (physics; statistical thermodynamics) Freud (psychology) Herzel (Zionism)

KEY WORKS:

Otto Wagner Stadtbahn (Vienna City Railway), Vienna, 1894-1901 Postal Savings Bank, Vienna, 1904-1906 Second Villa Wagner, Vienna, 1912-1913

Joseph Maria Olbrich Secession House (Gallery), Vienna, 1897-1898

Joseph Hoffman Palais Stoclet, Brussels, 1905-1910

Adolf Loos Goldman Building, Michaelerplatz, Vienna, 1910 Steiner House, Vienna, 1910-1911

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

Gottfried Semper (1803-1879) ______

"The Secession"

Otto Wagner (1841-1918) early eclectic works, 1880s Stadtbahn (Vienna City Railway), Vienna, 1894-1901 Moderne Architektur (1895) Postal Savings Bank, Vienna, 1904-1906 Kirke am Steinhof, Vienna, 1905-1907 Neustifgasse Haus, Vienna, 1909-1910 Second Villa Wagner, Vienna, 1912-1913 33 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #6 (continued)

6 May Lecture #15: Vienna: "Testing ground of Modernism" (continued)

Joseph Maria Olbrich (1867-1908) Secession House (Gallery), Vienna, 1897-1898

Joseph Hoffman (1870-1956) Purkersdorf Sanitorium, Vienna, 1903-1905 Palais Stoclet, Brussels, 1905-1910

Adolf Loos (1870-1933) "Ornament and Crime" (essay) (1908) American Bar, Kartnerdurgang, Vienna, 1907 Goldman Building, Michaelerplatz, Vienna, 1910 Steiner House, Vienna, 1910-1911 ______

Reading: Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 789-793. Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 66-71.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 777-781.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading: Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 491-493.

Colquhoun, Alan, Modern Architecture, 26-32, 72-85. Frampton, Kenneth, Modern Architecture: Critical History, Pt. 2, Ch. 6, 8

Hitchcock, Architecture: 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 21 Banham, Reyner, Theory and Design in the First Machine Age, Ch. 7

Russell, Frank, ed., Art Nouveau Architecture, esp. Ch. 7, 10 Bori and Godoli, Vienna 1900 Sekler, Eduard, Joseph Hoffman: The Architectural Work Gravagnuolo, Benedetto, Adolf Loos: Theory and Works

Otto Wagner, Sketches, Projects and Executed Buildings by Otto Wagner (1889-1922; reprinted by Rizzoli)

About Vienna: Schorske, Carl, Fin de Siecle Vienna Janik and Toulmin, Wittgenstein's Vienna

About Semper: Hermann, Wolfgang, Gottfried Semper: In Search of Architecture 34 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #6 (continued)

8 May Lecture #16: Continental Directions 1900-1914

On the eve of World War: decadent monarchies; emergent industrialism; new technology; the politics of the proletariat. New directions in the arts. Selected architects and emergent directions: Berlage, Perret, Behrens, Gropius. The Deutsche Werkbund and its influence. Expressionism. The “Glass Chain.” The Amsterdam School.

CRITICAL ISSUES:

Decadent Monarchies Industrialism Industry: machine production vs. craft Technology: speed, movement, power Proletariat: mass politics, working conditions, housing New Movements in the Arts

KEY WORKS:

Henrick Petrus Berlage (1856-1934) Exchange, Amsterdam, 1896-1903

August Perret (1874-1954) 25 bis Rue Franklin, Paris, 1902-1903

Peter Behrens AEG Turbine Factory, Berlin, 1908-1909

Gropius & Meyer Faguswerke (Fagus Shoe Factory), Alfeld-an-der-Leine, 1911-1913

Max Berg (1870-1947) Jahrhunderthalle (Centenary Hall), Breslau, 1913

Bruno Taut (1880-1938) Glass Pavilion, Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne, 1914

Michel de Klerk Eigan Haard Housing, Amsterdam, 1913-1919

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

Henrick Petrus Berlage (1856-1934) Exchange, Amsterdam, 1896-1903 ______

August Perret (1874-1954) 25 bis Rue Franklin, Paris, 1902-1903 Ponthieu Garage, Paris, 1905 35 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #6 (continued)

8 May Lecture #16: Continental Directions 1900-1914 (continued)

Deutsche Werkbund

Peter Behrens (1868-1940) Behrens House, Darmstadt, 1901 Crematorium, Delstern, 1906-1907 AEG Turbine Factory, Berlin, 1908-1909 AEG High Tension Factory, Berlin, 1910; AEG Small Motors Factory, Berlin, 1910

Walter Gropius (1883-1969) Gropius & Meyer Faguswerke (Fagus Shoe Factory), Alfeld-an-der-Leine, 1911-1913 Model Factory Complex, Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne, 1914

Bruno Taut (1880-1938) Glass Pavilion, Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne, 1914

Max Berg (1870-1947) Jahrhunderthalle (Centenary Hall), Breslau, 1913

“The Amsterdam School”

Michel de Klerk (1884-1923) Eigan Haard Housing, Amsterdam, 1913-1919 ___

Reading: Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 749-756, 784-787 Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 76-80, 98-106

[Ingersoll/Koostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 742-745, 771-773.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading: Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 488-496

Colquhoun, Alan, Modern Architecture, 56-71, 89-98. Frampton, K., Modern Architecture: Critical History, Pt. 2, Ch. 4 (pp. 71-73), 11, 12, 13

Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, Architecture: 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 18, 20, 21 Banham, Reyner, Theory and Design in the First Machine Age, Sections 1 and 3

Campbell, The German Werkbund Frederic J. Schwartz, The Werkbund: Design Theory & Mass Culture before the First World War Windsor, Peter Behrens: Architect and Designer

Ian B. Whyte, The Crystal Chain Letters: Architectural Fantasies by Bruno Taut and His Circle Campbell, Bruno Taut and the Architecture of Activism Wim de Wit, The Amsterdam School

About general conditions in Europe before World War I: Barbara Tuchman, The Proud Tower 36 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #6 (continued)

10 May Lecture #17: A New Aesthetic: Futurism, de Stijl, Constructivism

Italian Futurism and the celebration of technology. Marinetti and the "Futurist Manifesto." Sant- Elia and the Citta Nuova. Abstract art and its influence. The Netherlands: de Stijl; van Doesburg, Mondrian, van t'Hoff, Oud and Rietveld. The Russian Revolution and Constructivism: Tatlin, the Vesnins, El Lissitsky.

KEY WORKS:

Antonio Sant-Elia (1888-1916) Citta Nuova [new city] exhibit, 1914

Gerrit Rietveld Schröder house, Utrecht, 1923-1925

J. J. P. Oud Hook of Holland housing, Rotterdam, 1924-1927

Vladimir Tatlin (1885-1953) Monument to the Third International project, 1920 (Moscow)

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

Futurism:

Fillipo Tomaso Marinetti (1876-1944) "Futurist Manifesto," 1909

Antonio Sant-Elia (1888-1916) Citta Nuova [new city] exhibit, 1914 ______

De Stijl

Theo van Doesburg (1883-1931) Pieter Cornelis (Piet) Mondriaan [after 1912: Mondrian] (1872-1944)

Robert van t'Hoff (1887-1979) Concrete Villa (Henny house), Huis ter Heide, 1915-1920

J. J. P. Oud (1890-1963) Warehouse project, Purmerend, 1918 Factory project, Purmerend, 1919

Gerrit Rietveld (1888-1964) Furniture, 1918-1925 37 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #6 (continued)

10 May Lecture #17: A New Aesthetic: Futurism, de Stijl, Constructivism (continued)

De Stijl (continued)

van Doesburg and Cornelis ("Cor") van Eestern (1897-1988) House projects, color studies, 1923

Gerrit Rietveld Schröder house, Utrecht, 1923-1925 ______

J. J. P. Oud (later work)

Cafe de Unie, Rotterdam, 1925 Hook of Holland housing, Rotterdam, 1924-1927 ______

Russian Constructivism

Vladimir Tatlin (1885-1953) Monument to the Third International project, 1920 (Moscow)

El Lissitzky (1890-1941) Proun space projects, ca. 1920 ______

Reading:

Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 814, 819-821, 825-826 Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 107-111, 148-159, 200-215.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 801, 806-808, 815.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading: Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 493-496, 498-501

Colquhoun, Alan, Modern Architecture, 99-135. Frampton, Kenneth, Modern Architecture: Critical History, Pt. 2, Ch. 7, 16, 19

Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, Architecture 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 21, 22 Banham, Reyner, Theory and Design in the First Machine Age, Sctns. 2, 3 (all)

Caramel, L., and Longatti, A., Antonio Sant'Elia: The Complete Works

Blotkamp, Carel, et. al., De Stijl: The Formative Years Troy, Nancy J., The de Stijl Environment

Andrews, R. and Kalinovska, M.,eds., Art Into Life: Russian Constructivism, 1914-1932 Khan-Magomedov, Selim O., Pioneers of Soviet Architecture 38 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #7: 13 May - 17 May 2019

13 May Lecture #18: Triumph of “Neue Sachlichkeit” ("New Objectivity"); The Bauhaus

Expressionism or the Neue Sachlichkeit ("New Objectivity"); Gropius after the War; the origins and program of the Bauhaus. Pedagogical approach. Move to Dessau. Bauhaus building by Gropius. Other work by Gropius. Later directions and social housing in Germany.

The Bauhaus (chronology): 1919 Gropius director 1919-1922: craft orientation 1921 van Doesburg in Weimar 1923 Itten leaves; Moholy-Nagy joins staff 1925 move to Dessau 1928 Hannes Meyer director 1928-1930: functionalist-collectivist emphasis 1930 Mies van der Rohe director 1932 move to Berlin 1933 Bauhaus closed by Nazis

KEY WORKS:

Hans Poelzig Grosses Schauspielhaus, Berlin, 1919

Erich Mendelsohn Einstein Tower (observatory), Potsdam, 1917-1921

Walter Gropius The Bauhaus, Dessau, 1925-1927 Siemenstat Housing, Berlin, 1929-1931

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

Hans Poelzig (1869-1936) Grosses Schauspielhaus, Berlin, 1919

Erich Mendelsohn (1887-1953) drawings, ca. 1914 Einstein Tower (observatory), Potsdam, 1917-1921

Walter Gropius and Adolf Meyer Sommerfeld House, Berlin, 1920 Chicago Tribune competition project, Chicago, 1922 [unbuilt]

Gropius The Bauhaus, Dessau, 1925-1927 Housing, Dessau-Torten, 1928 Siemenstat Housing, Berlin, 1929-1931 ______

39 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #7 (continued)

13 May Lecture #18: Triumph of “Neue Sachlichkeit” ("New Objectivity"); The Bauhaus (continued)

Reading:

Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 824-827 Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 182-188, 192-199.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 813-816.

Suggested Supplemental Reading: Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 497-498

Colquhoun, Alan, Modern Architecture, 158-169 Frampton, Kenneth, Modern Architecture: Critical History, Pt. 2, Ch. 14, 15

Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 22 Banham, Reyner, Theory and Design in the First Machine Age, Sctn. 5 (all)

Wingler, The Bauhaus: Weimar, Dessau, Berlin and Chicago Franciscono, Walter Gropius and the Creation of the Bauhaus in Weimar

(plus many books on the Bauhaus, on Gropius and on the Modern Movement in the 1920s) 40 Department of Architecture University of Washington

15 May Lecture #19: Searching for Modernism: Mies, LeCorbusier

Early career of Mies. Influences on Mies including Schinkel, Behrens. Post-War projects and the search for architecture. From projects to buildings.

Early career of Le Corbusier. Move to Paris and influence of abstract art. Purism. Critical projects and early designs. Vers Une Architecture (1923) (Toward a New Architecture). From projects to buildings.

KEY WORKS:

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Friedrichstrasse Office Building project, Berlin, 1921 Glass Skyscraper project, Berlin, 1922 Brick Country House project, 1924

LeCorbusier "Maison Domino" project, 1914 ("Dom-ino")

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (1886-1969)

Riehl house, Neubabelsberg (Potsdam), 1907 Kröller-Müller house project, The Hague, 1912 Friedrichstrasse Office Building project, Berlin, 1921 Glass Skyscraper project, Berlin, 1922 Concrete Office Building project, 1923 Brick Country House project, 1924 Wolf house, Guben, 1925-1927

Charles Edouard Jeanneret (1887-1965) Le Corbusier early works, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland, 1905-1915 "Maison Domino" project, 1914 ("Dom-ino") Villa Schwob, La Chaux-de-Fonds, 1916-1917

Après le cubisme, 1919 [After Cubism] (manifesto), 1919 [with Amédée Ozenfant] L'Esprit Nouveau (periodical, 1920-1925) Vers une architecture (1923) [Toward a New Architecture]

Maison Citrohan project, 1922 Ozenfant house, Paris, 1922-1923 41 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #8 (continued)

15 May Lecture #19: Searching for Modernism: Mies, LeCorbusier (continued)

Reading:

Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 825, 827-829 (Mies); 810-815 (LeCorbusier). Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 142-144, 162-181, 188-192.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 814, 816-817 (Mies); 799-803 (LeCorbusier).]

Suggested Supplemental Reading: Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 491, 501-507

Colquhoun, Alan, Modern Architecture, 136-152, 158, 170-179 Frampton, Kenneth, Modern Architecture: Critical History, Pt. 2, Ch. 17, 18, 20

Hitchcock, 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 18, 22, 26 Banham, Reyner, Theory and Design in the First Machine Age, Sections 4, 5

Franz Schulze, Mies van der Rohe: A Critical Biography Franz Schulze, ed., Mies van der Rohe: Critical Essays Wolf Tegethoff, Mies van der Rohe: The Villas and Country Houses Pommer, R., and Otto, C., Weissenhof 1927 and the Modern Movement in Architecture Walden, ed., The Open Hand: Essays on Le Corbusier Le Corbusier, Toward a New Architecture (1923, translated 1927) Le Corbusier, Oeuvre Complete (complete works in several volumes) Le Corbusier, Early Buildings and Projects, 1912-1923

(obviously a very incomplete list; there is a very extensive literature on Mies and Le Corbusier) 42 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #8 (continued)

17 May Lecture #20: The Modern Movement Coalesces

Mies: The Weissenhof housing project in Stuttgart. The Barcelona Pavilion. The Tugendhat house. Mies in the 1930s.

Le Corbusier: LaRoche and Jeanneret houses; Villa Stein at Garches; Villa Savoye at Poissy; urban projects.

Modern works in France by Eileen Gray; in the Netherlands by Brinckman and Van der Vlugt (w/Mart Stam)

KEY WORKS:

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Weissenhof housing project, Stuttgart, 1925-1927 Barcelona Pavilion , Barcelona (Spain), 1929 Tugendhat house, Brno (Czechoslovakia), 1928-1930

Le Corbusier Villa Stein, Garches, 1927-1928 Villa Savoye, Poissy (near Paris), 1929-1930 League of Nations project, Geneva, 1927

Eileen Gray E.1027, Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, France, 1926-1929

Brinckman and Van der Vlugt (w/Mart Stam) Van Nelle Factory, Rotterdam, 1927

Ilya Golosov Zuyev Workers Club, Moscow, Russia, 1927-1928

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (1886-1969) Weissenhof housing project, Stuttgart, 1925-1927 project plan; project coordination apartment block Barcelona Pavilion (German Pavilion at the International Exposition), Barcelona (Spain), 1929 Tugendhat house, Brno (Czechoslovakia), 1928-1930

Charles Edouard Jeanneret (1887-1965) Le Corbusier Villa Stein, Garches, 1927-1928 Villa Savoye, Poissy (near Paris), 1929-1930 League of Nations project, Geneva, 1927

various city planning proposals: Ville Contemporaine plan, 1921-1922; Ville Radieuse, 1930

43 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #8 (continued)

17 May Lecture #20: The Modern Movement Colaesces (continued)

Eileen Gray (1878-1976) E.1027 (Badovici House), Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, France, 1926-1929

Brinckman and Van der Vlugt (w/Mart Stam) J. A. Brinckman (1902-1949) Leendert Cornelis Van der Vlugt (1894-1936) (w/ Mart Stam (1899-1986)) Van Nelle Factory, Rotterdam, 1925-31

Ilya Golosov Zuyev Workers Club, Moscow, Russia, 1927-1928

______

Reading:

Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 812-815, 827-829 Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 162-181, 188-192, 257-266, 274-285, 306-311, 319-327

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 814, 816-817, 799-805, 845.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading: Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 491, 501-507

Colquhoun, Alan, Modern Architecture, 136-152, 158, 170-179 Frampton, Kenneth, Modern Architecture: Critical History, Pt. 2, Ch. 17, 18, 20

Hitchcock, 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 18, 22, 26 Banham, Reyner, Theory and Design in the First Machine Age, Sections 4, 5

Walden, ed., The Open Hand: Essays on Le Corbusier Le Corbusier, Toward a New Architecture (1923, translated 1927) Le Corbusier, Oeuvre Complete (complete works in several volumes) Le Corbusier, Early Buildings and Projects, 1912-1923

(obviously a very incomplete list; there is a very extensive literature on Le Corbusier)

Adam, Eileen Gray, Architect-Designer: A Biography Johnson, Eileen Gray, Designer

44 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #8: 20 May - 24 May 2019

20 May Lecture #21: From Tradition to Modernity

Tradition and Technology—works addressing old and new: Asplund, Perret, Eliel Saarinen; the Art Deco in the United States; regionalism toward Modernism in California.

KEY WORKS:

P.V. Jensen-Klint Grundtvig Church, Copenhagen, 1913-1922

Erik Gunnar Asplund Stockholm Public Library, Stockholm, Sweden, 1920-28

August Perret Notre Dame du Raincy, near Paris, 1922-1925

William Van Alen (1883-1954) Chrysler Building, New York, 1928-30

Harwell Hamilton Harris Weston Havens House, Berkeley CA 1939-1941

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

P.V. Jensen-Klint (1853-1930) Grundtvig Church, Copenhagen, 1913-1940

Erik Gunnar Asplund (1885-1940) Stockholm Public Library, Stockholm, Sweden, 1920-28

August Perret (1874-1954) Notre Dame du Raincy, near Paris, 1922-1925

Eliel Saarinen (1873-1950) Chicago Tribune competition project, Chicago, 1922 [unbuilt] Cranbrook School, Bloomfield Hills, MI, 1924-30

Art Deco

William Van Alen (1883-1954) Chrysler Building, New York, 1928-30

Raymond Hood (1881-1934) and others Rockefeller Center, New York, 1931-40

45 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #8 (continued)

20 May Lecture #21: From Tradition to Modernity (continued):

Regionalism toward Modernism

William W. Wurster (1895-1973) Gregory farmhouse, Santa Cruz CA, 1927 Schuckl Canning Company Building, Sunnyvale CA, 1942

Harwell Hamilton Harris (1903-1990) Weston Havens House, Berkeley CA 1939-1941

______

Reading: Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 784-785, 795-799, 801, 840, 842. Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 50-51, 130-138, 286-303.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 772, 783-789, 829-831.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading: Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 526-528

Hitchcock, Architecture: 19th and 20th Centuries, pp. 392-410

Whiffen and Koeper, American Architecture, Ch. 11 (pp. 268-298)

Bayer, Patricia, Art Deco Architecture

Treib, Marc, ed., An Everyday Modernism: The Houses of William Wurster Germany, Lisa, Harwell Hamilton Harris McCoy, Esther, The Second Generation

(obviously a very incomplete list; there are many books on many of the leading traditional architects of the early to mid twentieth century) 46 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #8 (continued)

22 May Lecture #22: The Spread of Modernism, 1920s to 1940s

Modernism spreads outward; England, Scandinavia, Mexico, Brazil, Japan

KEY WORKS:

Alvar Aalto Library, Viipuri, Finland, 1927-1935 (Tuberculosis) Sanitorium, Paimio, Finland, 1928-1933

Berthold Lubetkin and Tecton Penguin Pool, London Zoo, London, England, 1934

Juan O’Gorman Rivera-Kahlo Residences/Studios, San Angel, Mexico City DF, Mexico, 1929-30

Lucio Costa, Oscar Niemeyer, and others (with LeCorbusier) Ministry of Education, Rio de Janeiro, 1936-45

Oscar Niemeyer Church of St. Francis of Assisi, Pampulha, Mina Gervais, Brazil, 1943

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

Alvar Aalto (1898-1975) Turun Sanomat News, Turku, Finland, 1928 Library, Viipuri, Finland, 1927-1935 (Tuberculosis) Sanitorium, Paimio, Finland, 1928-1933 Villa Mairea, near Noormarkku, Finland, 1937-1939

Lubetkin, Berthold (1901-1990), and Tecton Penguin Pool, London Zoo, London, England, 1934 Highpoint flats, Highgate. London, England, 1933-1935

Juan O’Gorman (1905-1982) Rivera-Kahlo Studios, San Angel, Mexico City DF, Mexico, 1929-30

Lucio Costa (1902-1998), Oscar Niemeyer (b. 1907), and others (with LeCorbusier) Ministry of Education, Rio de Janeiro, 1936-45

Oscar Niemeyer Restaurant at Pampulha, Minas Gervais, Brazil, 1943 Church of St. Francis of Assisi, Pampulha, Mina Gervais, Brazil, 1943

Luis Barragan (1902-1988) House and studio, Tacubaya, Mexico, 1947

47 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #8 (continued)

22 May Lecture #22: The Spread of Modernism, 1920s to 1940s (continued): ______

Reading: Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 873-878, 891-892. Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 328-349, 370-391.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 862-867, 879-880.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading:

Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 528-531

Colquhoun, Alan, Modern Architecture, 192-207

Goran Schildt, Alvar Aalto: The Early Years Goran Schildt, Alvar Aalto: The Decisive Years Alvar Aalto, The Complete Works

Anthony Jackson, The Politics of Architecture: A History of Modern Architecture in Britain

Henrique E. Mindlin, Modern Architecture in Brazil I.E. Meyer, Mexico’s Modern Architecture Edward R. Burian, ed., Modernity and the Architecture of Mexico

Ambasz, Emilio, The Architecture of Luis Barragan 48 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #8 (continued)

24 May Lecture #23: Modernism comes to America, 1920-1942

Emergence of new directions in America. The factories of Albert Kahn. International modernism in California; Viennese immigrants: Schindler and Neutra. Toward the Modern skyscraper: PSFS. The Museum of Modern Art 1932 exhibit; Wright in the 1920s and 1930s: Fallingwater, Johnson Wax, Taliesen.

KEY WORKS:

Albert Kahn Associates Ford Glass Plant, Dearborn, MI, 1922

R. M. Schindler Lovell Beach House, Newport Beach, CA, 1925-1926

Richard Neutra Lovell House ("Health House"), Los Angeles, CA, 1928

Howe & Lescaze Philadelphia Savings Fund Society (PSFS) Building, Philadelphia, PA, 1931-1932

Frank Lloyd Wright Kaufman House ("Fallingwater"), Bear Run, PA, 1935-1937 Johnson Wax Administration Building, Racine, WI, 1936-1939 Taliesin West, Scottsdale (near Phoenix), AZ, 1937-1939

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

The Modern Factory

Albert Kahn (1869-1942) Associates Ford Glass Plant, Dearborn, MI, 1922

Early European immigrants and their influence

R. M. Schindler (1887-1953) Philip Lovell Beach House, Newport Beach, CA, 1925-1926

Richard Neutra (1892-1970) Philip Lovell House ("Health House"), Los Angeles, CA, 1928

Toward the Modern Skyscraper

Howe & Lescaze George Howe (1886-1955) William Lescaze (1896-1969) Philadelphia Savings Fund Society (PSFS) Building, Philadelphia, PA, 1931-1932 49 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #8 (continued)

24 May Lecture #23: Modernism comes to America (continued):

Promoting the European Modern Movement

Henry Russell Hitchcock, Philip Johnson “Modern Architecture: International Exhibition,” Museum of Modern Art, 1932 The International Style: Architecture Since 1922, 1932

Edward Durell Stone (1902-1978) and Philip Goodwin Museum of Modern Art, New York NY, 1938-39

Frank Lloyd Wright: 1920-1940 Millard House, Pasadena, CA, 1923 Edgar Kaufman House ("Fallingwater"), Bear Run, PA, 1935-1937 Johnson Wax Administration Building, Racine, WI, 1936-1939 (Research Tower addition, 1944-1946) Taliesin West, Scottsdale (near Phoenix), AZ, 1937-1939

______

Reading: Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 800-801, 802-807. Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 229-239, 267, 311-319.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 786, 788, 789-797.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading: Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 507-509, 582

Frampton, Modern Architecture: Critical History, Pt. 3, Ch. 1 (pp. 248-250) Hitchcock, 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 19, 24

Carter, Brian (editor), Albert Kahn: Inspiration for the Modern Hildebrand, Grant, Designing for Industry: The Architecture of Albert Kahn

Esther McCoy, Five California Architects Esther McCoy, Two Journeys: Vienna to Los Angeles Gebhard and von Breton, Architecture in California 1868-1968 Gebhard and von Breton, LA in the Thirties

David Gebhard, Schindler August Sarnitz, R. M. Schindler, Architect, 1887-1953 Thomas Hines, Richard Neutra and the Search for Modern Architecture

Robert A. M. Stern, George Howe: Toward a Modern American Architecture Lorraine W. Lanmon, William Lescaze, Architect

(plus the very extensive literature on Frank Lloyd Wright) 50 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #9: 27 May - 31 May 2019

27 May MEMORIAL DAY HOLIDAY: NO CLASS

29 May: Lecture #24: Modern Architecture comes to America, 1945-1973

Few events in American history have so affected American cultural life as the immigration of German-speaking refuge intellectuals to the United States in the 1930s. To name just a few of the major figures:

Hannah Arendt Erich Fromm political/social thinkers Herbert Marcuse Leo Strauss

Bruno Bettleheim Eric Erickson Heinz Harmann psychologists, psychoanalysts Kurt Lewin Wilhelm Reich

Erwin Panofsky scholar

Paul Tillich theologian

Hans Hoffmann Josf Albers artists

Arnold Schoenberg Paul Hindemith musicians/composers Kurt Weill

Fritz Lang Otto Preminger film makers Billy Wilder

Hans Bethe Albert Einstein Leo Szilard physicists Edward Teller

WALTER GROPIUS LUDWIG MIES VAN DER ROHE architects MARCEL BREUER LUDWIG HILBERSEIMER

on the general impact of the Weimar intellectuals:

Lewis A. Coser, Refuge Scholars in America: Their Impact and Their Experiences 51 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #9 (continued)

29 May Lecture #24: The Post-war Period; Modernism and Corporate America

Modernism in America. The influence of German immigrants in American culture after 1945. Gropius as a teacher. Mies and Chicago. Mies's later career and influence. The relationship of Modernism and modernization; the reaction to modernization and Modern Architecture.

KEY WORKS:

Pietro Belluschi Equitable Building, Portland, OR, 1944-1947

Mies van der Rohe IIT (Illinois Institute of Technology), Chicago, IL, 1939-1955 general plan, 1939-1941, various buildings, 1940-1955 Crown Hall (architecture building), 1953-1956 Farnsworth House, Plano, IL, 1946-1950 860 Lake Shore Drive (apartments), Chicago, IL, 1949-1951 Seagram Building, New York, NY, 1954-1958 (w/Philip Johnson)

Eero Saarinen General Motors Technical Center, Warren, MI, 1951-1956

Skidmore Owings & Merrill (SOM) Lever House, New York, NY, 1950-1952 Inland Steel Building, Chicago, IL, 1955-1957

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

Pietro Belluschi (1899-1994) Equitable Building, Portland, OR, 1944-1947

Mies van der Rohe: American career IIT (Illinois Institute of Technology), Chicago, IL, 1939-1955 general plan, 1939-1941, various buildings, 1940-1955 Crown Hall (architecture building), 1953-1956 Farnsworth House, Plano, IL, 1946-1950 860 Lake Shore Drive (apartments), Chicago, IL, 1949-1951 Seagram Building, New York, NY, 1954-1958 (w/Philip Johnson) New National Gallery, Berlin, 1962-1968 KING Broadcasting Studios project, Seattle, 1967-1969

Philip Johnson (1906-2005) Johnson House ("Glass House"), New Canaan, CT, 1949

Eero Saarinen (1910-1961) General Motors Technical Center, Warren, MI, 1951-1956 52 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #9 (continued)

29 May Lecture #24: Modernism in Post-war America (continued)

Skidmore Owings & Merill (SOM) Lever House, New York, NY, 1950-1952 Inland Steel Building, Chicago, IL, 1955-1957 Norton Building, Seattle, WA, 1956-1959 (w/Bindon & Wright) John Hancock Building, Chicago, IL, 1967 Sears Tower, Chicago, IL, 1974 ______

Reading: Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 851-857, 858, 859. Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 395-410, 558-59.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 841-845, 846, 847, 885, 931.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading:

Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 510-513, 517-519

Colquhoun, Alan, Modern Architecture, 192-207 Frampton, Modern Architecture: Critical History, Pt. 2, Ch. 26

Whiffen and Koeper, American Architecture, 337-362

Meredith Clausen, Pietro Belluschi: Modern American Architect Franz Schulze, Mies van der Rohe: A Critical Biography Franz Schulze, ed., Mies van der Rohe: Critical Essays

Franz Schulze, Philip Johnson: Life and Work Allan Temko, Eero Saarinen Christopher Woodward, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill

(plus many other books on Modern Architecture in the 1950s and 1960s) 53

Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #9 (continued)

31 May Lecture #25: The Variety of Post-War Modernism

The triumph of Modernism after 1945: The International Style. The formation of CIAM (Congres Internationaux d'Architecture Moderne), 1928. Later work of Le Corbusier. The emergence of Alvar Aalto; the human dimension of the Modern Movement.

KEY WORKS:

Le Corbusier Unité d’Habitation, Marseilles, 1947-1952 Notre Dame du Haut (chapel), Ronchamp, near Belfort, France, 1950-1955

Hans Scharoun Berlin Philharmonie Concert Hall, Berlin, Germany, 1959-63

Juan O’Gorman with Gustavo Saavedra and Juan Martinez de Velasco University Library, University City, Mexico City, 1950-53

Frank Lloyd Wright Guggenheim Museum, New York NY 1943-59

Alvar Aalto Town Center, Saynatsalo, Finland, 1949-52 Library, Mount Angel Benedictine College, Mount Angel, OR, 1965-1970

Eero Saarinen Dulles Airport, Chantilly VA, 1958-62

JØrn Utzon Sydney Opera House, Sydney, Australia, 1957-73

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

CIAM: Congres International d'Architecture Moderne, 1928-ca. 1960

Le Corbusier: later work Unité d’Habitation, Marseilles, 1947-52 Notre Dame du Haut (chapel), Ronchamp, near Belfort, France, 1950-55 Monastery of LeTourette, Eveux, near Lyons, France, 1957-60 Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts, Harvard University, Cambridge MA, 1959-63

Hans Scharoun (1893-1972) Berlin Philharmonie Concert Hall, Berlin, Germany, 1959-63

Juan O’Gorman with Gustavo Saavedra and Juan Martinez de Velasco University Library, University City, Mexico City, 1950-53

Frank Lloyd Wright Guggenheim Museum, New York NY 1943-59 54 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #9 (continued)

31 May Lecture #25: The Variety of Post-War Modernism (continued)

Eero Saarinen Dulles Airport, Chantilly, VA, 1958-62

Alvar Aalto: later work Baker Dormitory, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 1947-48 Town Center, Saynatsalo, Finland, 1949-52 Library, Mount Angel Benedictine College, Mount Angel, OR, 1965-70

JØrn Utzon (b. 1918) Sydney Opera House, Sydney, Australia, 1957-73

______

Reading: Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 815, 816, 818, 874, 891-900. Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 413-27, 435-42, 452-59, 467-74, 490-94.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013) 793, 796, 801-803, 805, 807, 863, 879-887.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading:

Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 509-510, 513-517, 522, 528-531

Colquhoun, Alan, Modern Architecture, 208-212, 217-229 Frampton, Modern Architecture: Critical History, Part 2: Ch. 22, 25; Part 3: Ch. 1, 2

Hitchcock, 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 23

Von Moos, Le Corbusier: Elements of a Synthesis Walden, ed., The Open Hand: Essays on Le Corbusier Sekler/Curtis, Le Corbusier at Work

Peter Blundell-Jones, Hans Scharoun

Karl Fleig, Alvar Aalto [catalogue] Malcolm Quantril, Alvar Aalto: A Critical Study David Pearson, Alvar Aalto and the International Style Goran Schildt, Alvar Aalto: The Early Years; Alvar Aalto: The Decisive Years; and Alvar Aalto: The Mature Years

(plus the extensive literature that appeared in Europe on Modern Architecture and various Modern Architects) 55 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #10: 3 June - 7 June 2019

3 June Lecture #26: The Problem of Monumentality, 1945 -1975

LeCorbusier at Chandigarh. Niemeyer at Brasilia. The emergence of Louis Kahn. The search for an architecture of human institutions. The idea of "served" and "servant" spaces. The Salk Institute; the Kimbell Art Museum.

KEY WORKS:

LeCorbusier Chandigarh, India, 1951-63

Louis I. Kahn Richards Medical Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 1957-1964 Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 1959-1965 Kimbell [Art] Museum, Fort Worth, TX, 1966-1972

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

LeCorbusier Chandigarh, Punjab, India, 1951-1965 Chandigarh, plan, 1951 Chandigarh, High Court Building, 1951-55 Chandigarh, Parliament Building, 1951-63

Oscar Niemeyer Brasilia master plan by Lúcio Costa, 1957 Plaza of Three Powers [Presidential Palace, Supreme Court, Congress], Brasilia, 1958 Cathedral of Our Lady of Fatima, Brasilia, 1959-70

Louis Isidore Kahn (1901-1974) Art Gallery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 1950-1954 Bath House [Jewish Community Center], Trenton, NJ, 1955-1956 Philadelphia studies; city hall proposal, 1957 Richards Medical Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 1957-1964 First Unitarian Church, Rochester, NY, 1959-1962 Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 1959-1965 Kimbell [Art] Museum, Fort Worth, TX, 1966-1972 56 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #10 (continued)

3 June Lecture #26: The Problem of Monumentality, 1945-1975 (continued):

Reading:

Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 878-882, 902-909. Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 426-433, 500-501, 513-527.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013) 867-871, 890-897.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading:

Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 531-534, 575

Colquhoun, Alan, Modern Architecture, 212-217, 246-254 Frampton, Modern Architecture: Critical History, Pt. 2, Ch. 27, Pt. 3 Ch. 5 (pp. 319-320)

Hitchcock, 19th and 20th Centuries, Ch. 25, Epilogue Robert A. M. Stern, New Directions in American Architecture

Vikramaditya Prakash, Chandigarh’s LeCorbusier

David Underwood, Oscar Niemeyer and Brazilian Free-form Modernism David Underwood, Oscar Niemeyer and the Architecture of Brazil

D. Brownlee and D. DeLong, Louis I. Kahn: In the Realm of Architecture Klaus-Peter Gast, Louis I Kahn: The Idea of Order R. Giurgola and J. Mehta, Louis I. Kahn August Kommendant, Eighteen Years with Architect Louis Kahn Alessandra Latour, ed., Louis I. Kahn: Writings, Lectures, Interviews Kent Larson, Louis I. Kahn: Unbuilt Masterworks John Lobell, Between Silence and Light: Spirit in the Architecture of Louis I. Kahn T. Nakamura, ed., Louis I. Kahn: "Silence & Light" H. Ronner, et al., Louis I. Kahn: The Complete Works, 1935-74

(plus many other books and articles on Louis I. Kahn) 57 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #10 (continued)

5 June Lecture #27: The Search for Meaning, Postmodernism and its alternatives

Venturi's critique; Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture (1966). Later arguments: "ducks" and "decorated sheds." Work by Venturi & Rauch (later Venturi, Rauch & Scott Brown; now Venturi, Scott Brown & Associates), by Charles Moore, Michael Graves.

International alternatives to American postmodernism. Work by Scarpa, Hertzverger, Utzon, Moneo.

KEY WORKS:

Venturi & Rauch/Venturi, Scott Brown & Associates Vanna Venturi house, Chestnut Hill, PA, 1962 Guild House, Philadelphia, PA, 1960-1963

Michael Graves Portland Building, Portland, OR, 1978-1982

Philip Johnson & John Burgee AT&T Building, New York, NY, 1978-1984

Carlo Scarpa Querini Stampalia Foundation, Venice, Italy, 1961-63

Herman Hertzberger Central Beheer Office Building, Apeldoorn, Holland, 1968-72

JØrn Utzon Bagsvaerd Church, Copenhagen, 1969-76

Rafael Moneo National Museum of Roman Art, Merida, Spain, 1980-86

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

American Postmodernism

Venturi & Rauch Robert Venturi (b. 1925) Vanna Venturi house, Chestnut Hill, PA, 1962 Guild House, Philadelphia, PA, 1960-1963 [NFL (Football) Hall of Fame project, 1966-1967] Venturi, Rauch & Scott Brown Robert Venturi and Denise Scott Brown (b. 1931) Gordon Wu Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 1980-1984 Venturi, Scott Brown & Associates Seattle Art Museum, Seattle, WA, 1988-1991

Charles Moore (1925-1993) Piazza d'Italia, New Orleans, LA, 1975-1980 58 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #10 (continued)

5 June Lecture #27: The Search for Meaning (continued)

Michael Graves (1934-2015) Portland Building, Portland, OR, 1978-1982

Philip Johnson & John Burgee AT&T Building, New York, NY, 1978-1984

International Alternatives

Carlo Scarpa (1906-1978) Querini Stampalia Foundation, Venice, Italy, 1961-63

Herman Hertzberger (b. 1932) Central Beheer Office Building, Apeldoorn, Holland, 1968-72

JØrn Utzon (1918-2008) Bagsvaerd Church, Copenhagen, 1969-76

Rafael Moneo (b. 1937) National Museum of Roman Art, Merida, Spain, 1980-86 ______

Reading:

Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), 894-895, 914, 915, 925-928, 933, 934 Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 554-55, 560-64, 602-611, 616, 620-621, 628-630

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 882, 884-885, 903, 909-917, 919.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading:

Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 534-549, 576-578 (color plate 90)

Frampton, Modern Architecture: Critical History, Pt. 3, Ch. 4

Heinrich Klotz, The History of Postmodern Architecture (1984, English trans. 1988) Charles Jencks, The Language of Post-Modern Architecture (2nd ed. 1977) Barbara Lee Diamondstein, American Architecture Now (1980) Robert Venturi, Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture (1966) Robert Venturi, et al., Learning from Las Vegas (1972) (plus the many monographs on the work of Venturi, Moore, Graves, etc.)

Guido Beltramini, Carlo Scarpa: Architecture and Design (2007) Robert McCarter, Carlo Scarpa (2017) Robert McCarter, Herman Hertzberger (2015) Michael Asgaard Andersen, JØrn Utzon: Drawings and Buildings (2013) Gonzalez de Canales and Ray, Rafael Moneo: Building, Teaching, Writing (2015) (these are just a few examples; Scarpa, in particular, has been the subject of multiple studies) 59 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #10 (continued)

7 June Lecture #28: Modernism, Technology, Place

Directions in current architecture; late modernism. The question of pluralism; the role of culture; the global and the local; an architecture of resistance?

KEY WORKS:

Frank Gehry Gehry house, Santa Monica, CA, 1978-1979

Balkrishna V. Doshi "Sangath," Architects Studio, Ahmedabad, India, 1979-1981

Renzo Piano Menil Collection [Museum], Houston TX, 1981-86

Tadao Ando Koshino House, Ashiya, Hyogo, Japan , 1979-1980

Glenn Murcutt Ball-Eastaway house, Glenorie, New South Wales, Australia, 1980-83

Maya Ying Lin Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Washington DC, 1979-82

WORKS OF THE PERIOD:

Frank Gehry (b. 1929) Gehry house, Santa Monica, CA, 1978-1979

Balkrishna V. Doshi (b. 1927) "Sangath," Architects Studio, Ahmedabad, India, 1979-1981

Renzo Piano (b. 1937) Menil Collection [Museum], Houston TX, 1981-86

Tadao Ando (b.1941) Koshino House, Ashiya, Hyogo, Japan , 1979-1980 Mt. Rokko Chapel, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan, 1985-1986

Glenn Murcutt (b. 1936) Ball-Eastaway house, Glenorie, New South Wales, Australia, 1980-83

Maya Ying Lin (b. 1959) Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Washington DC, 1979-82

60 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #10 (continued)

7 June Lecture #28: Modernism, Technology, Place (continued)

Reading:

Ingersoll, World Architecture (2nd. ed.), scan 932-974 and look at the images. Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (3rd ed.), 639-641, 657, 653-655, 657, 660-664.

[Ingersoll/Kostof, World Architecture (1st ed., 2013), 919, 921-923, 938-939, 945-946, 955.]

Suggested Supplemental Reading:

Trachtenberg, Architecture (2nd ed.), 551-581

Frampton, Modern Architecture: Critical History, Pt. 3, Ch. 5.

(plus the many books on recent architectural practitioners worldwide) 61 Department of Architecture University of Washington

ARCH 352: Week #11: 10 June - 14 June 2019

Week of 10 June FINAL EXAM

The date and time of the Final Exam will be as scheduled by the University.

According to the Spring 2019 Time Schedule, the exam will be: Wednesday 12 June 2019, 2:30 to 4:20 p.m.

Please check the University schedule to confirm the date and time at: http://www.washington.edu/students/reg/S2019exam.html

A review sheet will be distributed in class. Works to be known for slide identifications will be selected from those identified as KEY WORKS on slide lists.

Class members are responsible for all assigned material in Ingersoll, World Architecture: A Cross-Cultural History, 2nd edition (approximately pages 700-974), and assigned readings in Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900, 3rd edition and for all ideas, concepts and key works covered in class lectures.

Supplemental readings such as Trachtenberg and Hyman, Architecture from Prehistory to Postmodernism/The Western Tradition, 2nd edition (approximately pages 465-581) may prove useful.

Readings found on reserve shelves may also be useful and may include images not found in the primary texts.

Class members are responsible for all ideas and concepts covered in class lectures in Spring 2015.

Image identifications on the Final Exam will be drawn from KEY WORKS from classes from 29 April to 7 June (inclusive) only.