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JAMI‘A AHMADIYYA NORTH AMERICA The Church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter-Day Saints A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE AHMADIYYA INSTITUTE OF ISLAMIC STUDIES IN CANDIDACY FOR THE SHAHID DEGREE BY IMTIAZ AHMED SRAA Research conducted from March 2009 to May 2010 SUPERVISOR MAULANA ABDUL RASHID YAHYA To My father (Ch. Nazir A. Zahid Sraa), mother (Naseem Akhter), brothers (Muhammad A. Pasha, Mahmood A. Mubshar, Adnan Nazir), sister, and wife who have always supported and encouraged me. Their prayers and extreme cooperation have helped me throughout my life. Acknowledgements I am heartily thankful to my supervisor, Maulana Abdul Rashid Yahya, Vice Principal Jamia Ahmadiyya North America, my professor, Maulana Mukhtar Ahmad Cheema and Mr. Masood Khan whose encouragement, guidance and support from the initial to the final level has enabled me to develop a deep understanding of the subject. I am also grateful to my elder brother Muhammad A. Pasha who supported me financially and took time out of his busy schedule to accompany me to Salt Lake City, Utah. My grateful thanks to Furhan Qureshi, Hammad Malik (NJ, USA), Atta ul Aleem, Hammad Ahmad, and Farhan Iqbal – my editors and critics with an abundance of talent and patience. They read my drafts, understood my message, and helped me to express my thoughts. I would like to thank Farhan Naseer, who put my work together into a book form and worked tirelessly while he was in Jamaica. And last but certainly not the least, I am indebted to Bishop Ebenezer Solomon for his support. He has made available his support in a number of ways. He lent many books to me, made excellent arrangements for my trip to Salt Lake City, Utah and helped me understand his faith. May God, the Almighty, reward all of them abundantly and shower His choicest blessing upon them. Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 1 Chapter 1 JOSEPH SMITH 3 Family Background and Birth 5 Childhood and Religious Excitement 6 The First Vision 7 The Visits of Moroni 8 Marriage and Children 9 Possession of the Gold Plates and the Translation 9 Organization of the Church 10 Spreading the Message 11 Struggle for the Zion City 11 Joseph Smith in Nauvoo 14 CHAPTER 2 - THE LDS SCRIPTURES 17 The Holy Bible 20 The Book of Mormon 23 The prophecies about the Book of Mormon in the Bible 23 The Book of Mormon, “An Ancient Record” 25 Why is it called the Book of Mormon? 26 The Book of Mormon 26 Another name 27 Translation of the Book of Mormon 27 The Vision 27 Possession of the Plates 28 Beginning of the translation 29 Publication of the Book of Mormon 29 Different Books of the Book of Mormon 30 The Testimonies 32 Translation of the Book of Mormon in different languages 34 The Book of Mormon a Key Stone 34 Doctrine and Covenants 35 The Pearl of Great Price 36 The Book of Abraham 37 Joseph Smith-Mathew 37 Joseph Smith-History 37 The Articles of Faith 37 CHAPTER 3 - THE LDS BELIEFS 39 God 41 The Doctrine of the Trinity and the LDS Church 42 Nature of Three Gods 43 The Plan of Salvation 45 1. Faith in Jesus Christ 47 2. Repentance 50 Recognition of sins 52 Feeling sorrow for sins 52 Forsaking sins 53 Confessing sins 53 Making restitution for sins 53 Forgiving Others 54 Keeping the Commandments of God 54 The Author’s Experience 54 3. Baptism 56 How the baptism is performed and who can perform this ordinance? 58 4. Gift of the Holy Ghost 61 5. Enduring to the End 63 Tithing 63 Word of Wisdom 65 The Second Coming of Jesus Christ 68 An Era of Apostasy 69 Dreadful Days 70 The Restoration of the Gospels 71 The Coming Forth of the Book of Mormon 71 The Gospel preached to all the nations 72 Building of the New Jerusalem 73 Armageddon 74 The Second Coming 75 Life after Death 76 The Spirit World 76 Paradise 78 Hell 79 The Last Judgement 79 Kingdom of Glories 80 Celestial Kingdom 81 Terrestrial Kingdom 82 Telestial Kingdom 83 Outer Darkness 84 PART II - CRITICAL STUDY OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS 87 CHAPTER 4 - JOSEPH SMITH 89 The First Criterion 92 Conclusion 95 The Second Criterion 97 Did Joseph Smith Claim to be a Prophet? 101 Did Joseph Smith Claim to Receive Revelations? 101 Did Joseph Smith Witness Visions? 102 The LDS Stance on Joseph Smith’s Murder 104 Joseph Smith - True or False Prophet? 104 The Nauvoo Expositor 105 Aftermath of the destruction of the printing press 106 Joseph Smith Declared Martial Law 107 Joseph Smith Fled to Iowa 107 Joseph Smith arrested for treason 108 Concealing the truth 109 Joseph Smith’s murder 111 Did Joseph Smith live for 23 years after he claimed to receive revelations? 112 Conclusion 112 The Third Criterion 112 Conclusion 114 The Fourth Criterion 115 Conclusion 118 Joseph Smith, the LDS Church, and Free Masonry 119 Another salient Characteristic of Joseph Smith 139 CHAPTER 5 - THE LDS SCRIPTURES 141 The Qur’anic Criterion 143 Credibility of Joseph Smith and the witnesses 153 Archaeology of the Book of Mormon 154 Is Book of Mormon “the most correct of any book”? 157 CHAPTER 6 - THE LDS BELIEFS 165 Plurality of gods 167 Critical Analysis 173 Critical Analysis 180 Jesus: Son of god or Prophet? 180 Jesus Christ and the Ahmadiyya Muslim Jama’at 187 The Mormon Doctrine of godhood 189 Critical Analysis 190 Blood Atonement 193 Critical Analysis 195 CHAPTER 7 - THE BLEAK FUTURE OF MORMONISM 201 A Question 203 Spread of Light at the Advent of a Prophet 206 References 219 Bibliography 227 INDEX 229 INTRODUCTION The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is an American religion founded by Joseph Smith in 1830. Joseph Smith and his followers were persecuted, beaten, robbed, incarcerated and driven out of their homes. After the murder of Joseph Smith, they migrated to an abandoned land (Salt Lake City, Utah) where nobody would want to live. Perseverance and patience of the members of the LDS Church prevailed which has made the LDS Church one of the fastest growing and the richest religious organizations in the United States of America. Its members are known as the Latter-day Saints or the Latter-day Saints and they number close to 14 million. The Church has its headquarters in Salt Lake City, Utah. Numerous books have been written by the LDS Church and anti-Mormons (majority of them are Christians hailing from different sects as well as former Mormons) on the Mormon theology. However, this essay will present an honest picture of the Church from Biblical as well as Islamic perspective, making it unique in its kind. The ultimate purpose of this essay is to present an overview of the theology of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, to critically analyze it, and to prove the truthfulness of the Holy Qur’an and the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). This will be achieved, God willing, in two parts. The first part of the essay will give the readers an understanding of what the LDS Church and its missionaries preach about the founder of the Church, Joseph Smith, its scriptures and beliefs. The second part will educate readers by presenting the real picture of Joseph Smith, beliefs of the Church, and those scriptures which are often hidden from the investigators and, their critical analysis. The bulk of the sources used in this essay is from official LDS scriptures and books, creating an effective tool for presentation to the LDS missionaries and members of the Church to provoke critical reflection about Mormonism among their ranks. I pray to God, the Almighty, that the contents of this essay may be useful in strengthening the faith of every Muslim as well as in enlightening those who have gone astray so that they may come back to the right path. Amen. Chapter 1 JOSEPH SMITH 4 The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints “God had a work for me to do; and that my name should be had for good and evil among all nations, kindreds, and tongues, or that it should be both good and evil spoken of among all people.” Joseph Smith 5 Family Background and Birth Joseph Smith was a sixth generation American; his ancestors emigrated from England in the 1600s. He himself tells his ancestry: My father, Joseph Smith, was born July 12th, 1771, in Topsfield, Essex County, Massachusetts; his father, Asael Smith, was born March 7th, 1744, in Topsfield, Massachusetts; his father, Samuel Smith, was born January 26th, 1714, in Topsfield, Massachusetts; his father, Samuel Smith, was born January 26th, 1666, in Topsfield, Massachusetts; his father, Robert Smith came from England.1 It is recorded that the Smith’s family believed in God and they were associated to different Churches and served them with devotion. Joseph Smith’s ancestors lived most of their lives in Topsfield, Massachusetts. Later, his father, Joseph Smith Senior moved to the state of Vermont and then to Palmyra in the state of New York. There, he married Lucy Smith who conceived nine children. Joseph Smith tells the names of his father`s family: His family consisting of eleven souls, namely-my father, Joseph Smith, my mother, Lucy Smith, (whose name, previous to her marriage, was Mack, daughter of Solomon Mack,) my brothers, Alvin, (who died November 19th, 1824 in the 27th year of his age) 6 The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Hyrum, myself, Samuel, Harrison, William, Don Carlos, and my sisters, Sophronia, Catherine, and Lucy.