Debian GNU/Linux
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Debian GNU/Linux Debian GNU/Linux Copyright © 2004, 2005 Debian Debian GNU/Linux 3.1 (“sarge”) ø Mipsel (“mipsel”). , Debian. þ , Debian (“boot-floppies”). þ , mipsel ø ø . þ , boot-floppies. , , debian-installer (http://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/). . ; / GNU. : .E. Debian GNU/Linux 3.1 mipsel ...........................................................................viii 1. Debian................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Debian? ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2. GNU/Linux? ..................................................................................................... 2 1.3. Debian GNU/Linux?......................................................................................... 3 1.4. Debian ............................................................................................................. 4 1.5. ........................................................... 4 1.6. ........................................................................................... 4 1.7. ..................................................... 5 2. ........................................................................................................... 7 2.1. ..................................................................................... 7 2.1.1. ........................................................................ 7 2.1.2. , ............ 8 2.1.2.1. / ...................................................................... 9 2.1.2.2. ................................................ 9 2.1.3. þ .........................................................................................................10 2.2. ................................................................................................10 2.2.1. CD-ROM/DVD-ROM ...........................................................................................10 2.2.2. ø .....................................................................................................11 2.2.3. ......................................................................................................................11 2.2.4. Un*x GNU.....................................................................................11 2.2.5. .............................................................11 2.3. .............................................................................11 2.4. GNU/Linux ...........................12 2.4.1. 12 ø 2.4.2. “ ” ...............12 2.5. ....................................................13 2.6. ü .........................................................................13 3. Debian GNU/Linux ................................................................................14 3.1. ............................................................................................14 3.2. !.............................................................15 3.3. , ...........................................................................16 3.3.1. ....................................................................................................16 3.3.1.1. ...................................................................16 3.3.1.2. ................................................................16 3.3.2. ..............................................16 3.3.3. .....................................................17 3.3.4. ...................................................................................................18 3.4. ........................................18 3.5. - .......................................................19 3.6. 21 3.6.1. ü , ...............................21 ý 3.6.1.1. ý 64 ..........................................21 iii 4. ..........................................................................22 4.1. - Debian GNU/Linux.......................................22 4.2. - Debian...............................................................22 4.2.1. ...................................................................22 4.3. TFTP................................................................23 4.3.1. BOOTP ...............................................................................23 4.3.2. DHCP .................................................................................24 4.3.3. þ TFTP .................................................................................24 4.3.4. TFTP TFTP ..................................25 4.3.4.1. TFTP DECstation................................................................25 4.4. ü ..........................................................................................25 4.4.1. ü Debian...26 5. ...................................................................................................................27 5.1. ......................................................................................................27 5.1.1. Debian ....................................................27 5.2. ...............................................................29 5.2.1. ..........................................................................................30 5.2.2. .............................................30 5.2.3. ø ..............................................................................................30 ø 5.2.4. .....................................................30 6. Debian.............................................................32 6.1. ...........................................................................32 6.2. ..................................................................................................33 6.3. .........................................................................35 6.3.1. Debian ........................35 6.3.1.1. .........................................................36 6.3.1.2. þ ...........................................................................................36 6.3.1.3. þ ........................................................................................36 6.3.1.4. þ ................................................................................36 6.3.1.5. ISO Debian.............................37 6.3.1.6. ......................................................................................37 6.3.2. .......................................38 6.3.2.1. ....................................................................................38 6.3.2.2. (LVM).............................40 6.3.2.3. Multidisk ( RAID)..................40 6.3.3. .............................................................................43 6.3.3.1. ................................................................43 6.3.4. ..........................................43 6.3.4.1. .................................................43 6.3.4.2. delo ..................................................................44 6.3.4.3. ........................................45 6.3.5. ...............................................................................45 6.3.5.1. .............................................45 6.3.6. ...................................................................................................................45 6.3.6.1. ......................................................45 6.3.6.2. 45 6.3.6.3. .................................................................................46 6.3.6.4. base-config debian-installer.........................................47 iv 7. Debian ...............................................48 7.1. ...............................................................................................................48 7.2. Debian ............................................................................48 7.2.1. ................................................................................48 7.2.2. ............................................................48 7.2.2.1. (root)....................................48 ø 7.2.2.2. .........................49 7.2.3. PPP....................................................................................................49 7.2.3.1. PPP Ethernet (PPPOE) ..............................................50 7.2.4. APT...................................................................................................50 7.2.4.1. ...........................................51 7.2.5. .............................................................................................52 7.2.5.1. aptitude..........53 7.2.6. þ ........................................................53 7.2.7. (MTA) .........................................53 7.3. þ ................................................................................................................54 8. .........................................................................56 8.1. Unix.................................................................................................56 8.2. Debian...............................................................56 8.2.1. Debian...........................................................56 8.2.2. ................................................................57