Exploring Perinatal Asphyxia by Metabolomics
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Risk Factors Associated with the Development
Biomédica 2017;37(Supl.1):2017;37(Supl.1):51-651-6 Risk factors of perinatal asphyxia doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v37i1.2844 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Risk factors associated with the development of perinatal asphyxia in neonates at the Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia, 2010-2011 Javier Torres-Muñoz, Christian Rojas, Diana Mendoza-Urbano, Darly Marín-Cuero, Sandra Orobio, Carlos Echandía Grupo INSIDE, Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is one of the main causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide and it generates high costs for health systems; however, it has modifiable risk factors. Objective: To identify the risk factors associated with the development of perinatal asphyxia in newborns at Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia. Materials and methods: Incident cases and concurrent controls were examined. Cases were defined as newborns with moderate to severe perinatal asphyxia who were older than or equal to 36 weeks of gestational age, needed advanced resuscitation and presented one of the following: early neurological disorders, multi-organ commitment or a sentinel event. The controls were newborns without asphyxia who were born one week apart from the case at the most and had a comparable gestational age. Patients with major congenital malformations and syndromes were excluded. Results: Fifty-six cases and 168 controls were examined. Premature placental abruption (OR=41.09; 95%CI: 4.61-366.56), labor with a prolonged expulsive phase (OR=31.76; 95%CI: 8.33-121.19), lack of oxytocin use (OR=2.57; 95% CI: 1.08 - 6.13) and mothers without a partner (OR=2.56; 95% CI: 1.21-5.41) were risk factors for the development of perinatal asphyxia in the study population. -
Quality of Survival After Severe Birth Asphyxia
Arch Dis Child: first published as 10.1136/adc.52.8.620 on 1 August 1977. Downloaded from Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1977, 52, 620-626 Quality of survival after severe birth asphyxia ALISON J. THOMSON, MARGARET SEARLE, AND G. RUSSELL From Aberdeen Maternity Hospital and the Royal Aberdeen Children's Hospital SUMMARY Thirty-one children who survived severe birth asphyxia defined by a 1-minute Apgar score of 0, or a 5-minute Apgar score of <4, have been seen at age 5 to 10 years for neurological and psychological assessment. Their progress has been compared with that of controls matched for sex, birthweight, gestational age, and social class. 29 (93 %) of the 31 asphyxiated group and all the controls had no serious neurological or mental handicap. 2 were severely disabled and mentally retarded. Detailed studies of psychological function showed no significant differences between the two groups. 2 apparently stillborn infants have made normal progress. It was not possible to identify any perinatal factor which predicted the occurrence of serious handicap with certainty. We considered that the quality of life enjoyed by the large majority of the survivors was such as to justify a positive approach to the resuscitation of very severely asphyxiated neonates. Perinatal asphyxia is a major cause of morbidity and Patients and methods mortality in the first week of life. The survivors have long been recognized to have an increased risk of Cases. In 1964-68 inclusive there were 14 890 single- handicaps such as cerebral palsy, mental retarda- ton live births to mothers living in the city and copyright. -
Altered Metabolome of Lipids and Amino Acids Species: a Source of Early Signature Biomarkers of T2DM
Journal of Clinical Medicine Review Altered Metabolome of Lipids and Amino Acids Species: A Source of Early Signature Biomarkers of T2DM Ahsan Hameed 1 , Patrycja Mojsak 1, Angelika Buczynska 2 , Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria 3 , Adam Kretowski 1,2 and Michal Ciborowski 1,* 1 Clinical Research Center, Medical University of Bialystok, Jana Kili´nskiegoStreet 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; [email protected] (A.H.); [email protected] (P.M.); [email protected] (A.K.) 2 Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; [email protected] 3 School of Agriculture and Food System, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; hafi[email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 27 June 2020; Accepted: 14 July 2020; Published: 16 July 2020 Abstract: Diabetes mellitus, a disease of modern civilization, is considered the major mainstay of mortalities around the globe. A great number of biochemical changes have been proposed to occur at metabolic levels between perturbed glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism to finally diagnoe diabetes mellitus. This window period, which varies from person to person, provides us with a unique opportunity for early detection, delaying, deferral and even prevention of diabetes. The early detection of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia is based upon the detection and identification of biomarkers originating from perturbed glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism. The emerging “OMICS” technologies, such as metabolomics coupled with statistical and bioinformatics tools, proved to be quite useful to study changes in physiological and biochemical processes at the metabolic level prior to an eventual diagnosis of DM. -
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome
National Neonatal Perinatal Database 2002-2003 Meconium Aspiration Syndrome Subjects and Methods 145,623 neonates born at 18 centers of National Neonatal-Perinatal Database (NNPD) of India over two year duration (2002-2003) Management of Meconium-stained amniotic fluid Contemporary recommendations of American Academy of Pediatrics and American Heart Association through Neonatal Resuscitation Program and Pediatric Working Group of International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation were expected to be followed. Management of a neonate born through MSAF comprised: 1) Suctioning the mouth, pharynx and nose as soon as head was delivered before delivery of shoulders (intrapartum suctioning) regardless of whether the meconium is thick or thin, and 2) if the infant was non-vigorous, intubating and suctioning the trachea before performing other steps of resuscitation. Meconium aspiration syndrome MAS was defined as presence of two of the following: meconium staining of liquor or staining of nails or umbilical cord or skin, respiratory distress within one hour of birth and radiological evidence of aspiration pneumonitis (atelectasis and/or hyperinflation). Findings Figure 1: Management and outcome of neonates born through meconium stained amniotic fluid Meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) (n=12,156) 8.4% of live births Among neonates with MSAF (n=12,156) Endotracheal suction in 3468 (28.5%) Need of positive pressure ventilation in During 2504 (20.6%) Resuscitation Resuscitation Need of chest compression in 1021 (8.4%) Among neonates with MSAF (n=12,156) MAS in 1896 (15.6%) Morbidities Morbidities HIE in 846 (7%) Among neonates with MAS (n=1,896) Assisted ventilation in 385 (20.3%) Outcome Death in 332 (17.5%) Mean birth weight of babies born through MSAF was significantly lower (2646552 gm vs. -
Analysis of the Effects of Three Commercially Available Supplements on Performance, Exercise Induced Changes and Bio-Markers in Recreationally Trained Young Males
Analysis of the effects of three commercially available supplements on performance, exercise induced changes and bio-markers in recreationally trained young males Robert Cooper A thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Greenwich for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy This research programme was carried out in collaboration with GlaxoSmithKline Maxinutrition division December 2013 School of Science University of Greenwich, Medway Campus Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK i DECLARATION “I certify that this work has not been accepted in substance for any degree, and is not concurrently being submitted for any degree other than that of Doctor of Philosophy being studied at the University of Greenwich. I also declare that this work is the result of my own investigations except where otherwise identified by references and that I have not plagiarised the work of others”. Signed Date Mr Robert Cooper (Candidate) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… PhD Supervisors Signed Date Dr Fernando Naclerio (1st supervisor) Signed Date Dr Mark Goss-Sampson (2nd supervisor) ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thank you to my supervisory team, Dr Fernando Naclerio, Dr Mark Goss Sampson and Dr Judith Allgrove for their support and guidance throughout my PhD. Particular thanks to Dr Fernando Naclerio for his tireless efforts, guidance and support in developing the research and my own research and communication skills. Thank you to Dr Eneko Larumbe Zabala for the statistics support. I would like to take this opportunity to thank my wonderful mother and sister who continue to give me the support and drive to succeed. Also on a personal level thank you to my amazing fiancée, Jennie Swift. -
Traveler Information
Traveler Information QUICK LINKS Marine Hazards—TRAVELER INFORMATION • Introduction • Risk • Hazards of the Beach • Animals that Bite or Wound • Animals that Envenomate • Animals that are Poisonous to Eat • General Prevention Strategies Traveler Information MARINE HAZARDS INTRODUCTION Coastal waters around the world can be dangerous. Swimming, diving, snorkeling, wading, fishing, and beachcombing can pose hazards for the unwary marine visitor. The seas contain animals and plants that can bite, wound, or deliver venom or toxin with fangs, barbs, spines, or stinging cells. Injuries from stony coral and sea urchins and stings from jellyfish, fire coral, and sea anemones are common. Drowning can be caused by tides, strong currents, or rip tides; shark attacks; envenomation (e.g., box jellyfish, cone snails, blue-ringed octopus); or overconsumption of alcohol. Eating some types of potentially toxic fish and seafood may increase risk for seafood poisoning. RISK Risk depends on the type and location of activity, as well as the time of year, winds, currents, water temperature, and the prevalence of dangerous marine animals nearby. In general, tropical seas (especially the western Pacific Ocean) are more dangerous than temperate seas for the risk of injury and envenomation, which are common among seaside vacationers, snorkelers, swimmers, and scuba divers. Jellyfish stings are most common in warm oceans during the warmer months. The reef and the sandy sea bottom conceal many creatures with poisonous spines. The highly dangerous blue-ringed octopus and cone shells are found in rocky pools along the shore. Sea anemones and sea urchins are widely dispersed. Sea snakes are highly venomous but rarely bite. -
Asphyxia Neonatorum
CLINICAL REVIEW Asphyxia Neonatorum Raul C. Banagale, MD, and Steven M. Donn, MD Ann Arbor, Michigan Various biochemical and structural changes affecting the newborn’s well being develop as a result of perinatal asphyxia. Central nervous system ab normalities are frequent complications with high mortality and morbidity. Cardiac compromise may lead to dysrhythmias and cardiogenic shock. Coagulopathy in the form of disseminated intravascular coagulation or mas sive pulmonary hemorrhage are potentially lethal complications. Necrotizing enterocolitis, acute renal failure, and endocrine problems affecting fluid elec trolyte balance are likely to occur. Even the adrenal glands and pancreas are vulnerable to perinatal oxygen deprivation. The best form of management appears to be anticipation, early identification, and prevention of potential obstetrical-neonatal problems. Every effort should be made to carry out ef fective resuscitation measures on the depressed infant at the time of delivery. erinatal asphyxia produces a wide diversity of in molecules brought into the alveoli inadequately com Pjury in the newborn. Severe birth asphyxia, evi pensate for the uptake by the blood, causing decreases denced by Apgar scores of three or less at one minute, in alveolar oxygen pressure (P02), arterial P02 (Pa02) develops not only in the preterm but also in the term and arterial oxygen saturation. Correspondingly, arte and post-term infant. The knowledge encompassing rial carbon dioxide pressure (PaC02) rises because the the causes, detection, diagnosis, and management of insufficient ventilation cannot expel the volume of the clinical entities resulting from perinatal oxygen carbon dioxide that is added to the alveoli by the pul deprivation has been further enriched by investigators monary capillary blood. -
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[CANCER RESEARCH 46, 3768-3774, August 1986] 31PNuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of a Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cultured Cell Line1 Franck Desmoulin, Jean-Philippe Galons, Paul Cantoni, Jacques Marvaldi, and Patrick J. Cozzone2 Laboratoire de Biologie Physicochimique, Institut de Chimie Biologique, Universitéd'Aix-Marseille, Place Victor Hugo 13003 Marseille (France) ABSTRACT Saccharomyces cerevisiae (14-16). Investigation of mammalian cell lines has received only scant appraisal because of several •"Pnuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been used to technical difficulties. Work has been limited to a few cell types, monitor the energy metabolism in a human colon adenocarcinoma cell essentially HeLa cells (17, 18), Ehrlich ascites tumor cells (19), line (HT 29). NMR spectra were recorded at 80.9 MHz on approximately 2.5 x 10" cells continuously perfused with culture medium within a 20- and normal and transformed fibroblasts (20, 21). In addition, a detailed analysis of the metabolite content of radiation-induced iiini NMR sample tube. Typical NMR spectra display a series of well-resolved resonances fibrosarcoma cells by using multinuclear NMR has been re assigned to nucleoside triphosphates (mainly adenosine S'-triphosphate), cently published (22). uridine diphosphohexose derivatives (uridine 5'-diphosphate-A/-acetyl- A major difficulty to overcome in the study of perfused cells glucosamine, uridine 5/-diphosphate-Ar-acetylgalactosamine, uridine 5'- is the preservation of physiological conditions in the NMR diphosphate-glucose), intra- and extracellular inorganic phosphate, and sample tube where the accumulation of metabolite by-products phosphomonoesters (mainly phosphorylcholine and glucose 6-phos- and the required bubbling of gas may affect the viability of the phate). -
Postnatal Complications of Intrauterine Growth Restriction
Neonat f al l o B Sharma et al., J Neonatal Biol 2016, 5:4 a io n l r o u g y DOI: 10.4172/2167-0897.1000232 o J Journal of Neonatal Biology ISSN: 2167-0897 Mini Review Open Access Postnatal Complications of Intrauterine Growth Restriction Deepak Sharma1*, Pradeep Sharma2 and Sweta Shastri3 1Neoclinic, Opposite Krishna Heart Hospital, Nirman Nagar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India 2Department of Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India 3Department of Pathology, N.K.P Salve Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Abstract Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is defined as a velocity of fetal growth less than the normal fetus growth potential because of maternal, placental, fetal or genetic cause. This is an important cause of fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Small for gestational age (SGA) is defined when birth weight is less than two standard deviations below the mean or less than 10th percentile for a specific population and gestational age. Usually IUGR and SGA are used interchangeably, but there exists subtle difference between the two terms. IUGR infants have both acute and long term complications and need regular follow up. This review will cover various postnatal aspects of IUGR. Keywords: Intrauterine growth restriction; Small for gestational age; Postnatal Diagnosis of IUGR Placental genes; Maternal genes; Fetal genes; Developmental origin of health and disease; Barker hypothesis The diagnosis of IUGR infant postnatally can be done by clinical examination (Figure 2), anthropometry [13-15], Ponderal Index Introduction (PI=[weight (in gram) × 100] ÷ [length (in cm) 3]) [2,16], Clinical assessment of nutrition (CAN) score [17], Cephalization index [18], Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is defined as a velocity of mid-arm circumference and mid-arm/head circumference ratios fetal growth less than the normal fetus growth potential for a specific (Kanawati and McLaren’s Index) [19]. -
Failure of Hypothermia As Treatment for Asphyxiated Newborn Rabbits R
Arch Dis Child: first published as 10.1136/adc.51.7.512 on 1 July 1976. Downloaded from Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1976, 51, 512. Failure of hypothermia as treatment for asphyxiated newborn rabbits R. K. OATES and DAVID HARVEY From the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Charlotte's Maternity Hospital, London Oates, R. K., and Harvey, D. (1976). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 51, 512. Failure of hypothermia as treatment for asphyxiated newborn rabbits. Cooling is known to prolong survival in newborn animals when used before the onset of asphyxia. It has therefore been advocated as a treatment for birth asphyxia in humans. Since it is not possible to cool a human baby before the onset of birth asphyxia, experiments were designed to test the effect of cooling after asphyxia had already started. Newborn rabbits were asphyxiated in 100% nitrogen and were cooled either quickly (drop of 1 °C in 45 s) or slowly (drop of 1°C in 2 min) at varying intervals after asphyxia had started. When compared with controls, there was an increase in survival only when fast cooling was used early in asphyxia. This fast rate of cooling is impossible to obtain in a human baby weighing from 30 to 60 times more than a newborn rabbit. Further litters ofrabbits were asphyxiated in utero. After delivery they were placed in environmental temperatures of either 37 °C, 20 °C, or 0 °C and observed for spon- taneous recovery. The animals who were cooled survived less often than those kept at 37 'C. The results of these experiments suggest that hypothermia has little to offer in the treatment of birth asphyxia in humans. -
The Post-Mortem Appearances in Cases of Asphyxia Caused By
a U?UST 1902.1 ASPHYXIA CAUSED BY DROWNING 297 Table I. Shows the occurrence of fluid and mud in the 55 fresh bodies. ?ritfinal Jlrttclcs. Fluid. Mud. Air-passage ... .... 20 2 ? ? and stomach ... ig 6 ? ? stomach and intestine ... 7 1 ? ? and intestine X ??? Stomach ... ??? THE POST-MORTEM APPEARANCES IN Intestine ... ... 1 Stomach and intestine ... ... i CASES OF ASPHYXIA CAUSED BY DROWNING. Total 46 9 = 55 By J. B. GIBBONS, From the above table it will be seen that fluid was in the alone in 20 LIEUT.-COL., I.M.S., present air-passage cases, in the air-passage and stomach in sixteen, Lute Police-Surgeon, Calcutta, Civil Surgeon, Ilowrah. in the air-passage, stomach and intestine in seven, in the air-passage and intestine in one. As used in this table the term includes frothy and non- frothy fluid. Frothy fluid is only to be expected In the period from June 1893 to November when the has been quickly recovered from months which I body 1900, excluding three during the water in which drowning took place and cases on leave, 15/ of was privilege asphyxia examined without delay. In some of my cases were examined me in the due to drowning by it was present in a most typical form; there was For the of this Calcutta Morgue. purpose a bunch of fine lathery froth about the nostrils, all cases of death inhibition paper I exclude by and the respiratory tract down to the bronchi due to submersion and all cases of or syncope was filled with it. received after into death from injuries falling The quantity of fluid in the air-passage varies the water. -
Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Involvement in Birth Asphyxia
Academic Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatology ISSN 2474-7521 Research Article Acad J Ped Neonatol Volume 6 Issue 4 - May 2018 Copyright © All rights are reserved by Dr Rohit Vohra DOI: 10.19080/AJPN.2018.06.555751 Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Involvement in Birth Asphyxia Rohit Vohra1*, Vivek Singh2, Minakshi Bansal3 and Divyank Pathak4 1Senior resident, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, India 2Junior Resident, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, India 3Fellow pediatrichematology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, India 4Resident, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, India Submission: December 01, 2017; Published: May 14, 2018 *Corresponding author: Dr Rohit Vohra, Senior resident, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, 22/2A Tilaknagar, New Delhi-110018, India, Tel: 9717995787; Email: Abstract Background: The healthy fetus or newborn is equipped with a range of adaptive, strategies to reduce overall oxygen consumption and protect vital organs such as the heart and brain during asphyxia. Acute injury occurs when the severity of asphyxia exceeds the capacity of the system to maintain cellular metabolism within vulnerable regions. Impairment in oxygen delivery damage all organ system including pulmonary and gastrointestinal tract. The pulmonary effects of asphyxia include increased pulmonary vascular resistance, pulmonary hemorrhage, pulmonary edema secondary to cardiac failure, and possibly failure of surfactant production with secondary hyaline membrane disease (acute respiratory distress syndrome).Gastrointestinal damage might include injury to the bowel wall, which can be mucosal or full thickness and even involve perforation Material and methods: This is a prospective observational hospital based study carried out on 152 asphyxiated neonates admitted in NICU of Rural Medical College of Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Loni, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra from September 2013 to August 2015.