RUTGERS COOPERATIVE EXTENSION DISCLOSURE MIDDLESEX COUNTY MASTER PROGRAM • THERE IS NO FINANCIAL INTEREST OR OTHER RELATIONSHIP WITH ANY CONTAINER COMMERCIAL PRODUCT.

& • THE SLIDE PRESENTATION OF Horticultural Therapy COMMERCIAL SITES SHOULD NOT BE CONSTRUED AS AN ENDORSEMENT. F. F. PRIMICH, MD November 2011

HORTICULTURAL THERAPY HORTICULTURAL THERAPY

The American Horticultural Therapy “Horticultural therapy is using Association defines horticultural and growing environments therapy as “a process utilizing plants as tools to heal and rehabilitate and horticultural activities to improve sick and disabled people.” social, psychological and physical adjustment of persons thus improving their body, mind and spirit”. Joel Flagler, H.T.R. RCE FS692

1 HORTICULTURAL THERAPY HORTICULTURAL THERAPY

• Horticultural therapy may improve the Benefits of Horticultural Therapy: over all well being of not only patients, • Physical…to improve muscle function but caretakers and family of patients. and strength. • Horticultural therapy should not be • Psychological…to improve mental limited to a season or location, but may activity and self esteem. be utilized year round and in almost • Social…to increase independence and any location (indoors and outdoors). possibly help others.

HORTICULTURAL THERAPY HORTICULTURAL THERAPY

Benefits of Horticultural Therapy: Accessible for Therapy: • Spiritual…a place and time to pray • Raised beds and meditate. • Table planters • Nutritional…better tasting, fresher • Hanging baskets and safer food. • Containers of varying sizes and • Environmental…a means to improve shapes a living area.

2 HORTICULTURAL THERAPY Container Gardening Horticultural therapy is not limited to the aged and disabled!!!

Container gardening is living art that can please all human senses.

CONTAINER GARDENING CONTAINER GARDENING

ADVANTAGES: ADVANTAGES: THEME • CONTAINED…BY THE SQUARE FOOT • SALAD GARDEN • MANAGEABLE…MINIMAL DIGGING • HERB GARDEN • AGE FRIENDLY = 2 102 • • MOBILE • MEMORIAL GARDEN • FOUR SEASONS • EXPERIMENTAL GARDEN • “GIVE A GARDEN” • BIBLICAL GARDEN

3 CONTAINER GARDENING

ADVANTAGES: BIBLICAL THEME …a land of wheat and barley, of vines and fig trees PERSONAL LIBRARY and pomegranates, of olive trees and of honey… *** DEUTERONOMY 8, 8 • REFERENCE BOOKS SEVEN SPECIES 1. Wheat 5. Pomegranate Trees • RCE FACT SHEETS 2. Barley 6. Olive Trees • GARDEN RECORDS 3. Grape Vines 7. Date Palm (dwarf) 4. Fig Trees

EASY GARDENING GUIDES REFERENCE BOOK

Can you be a self sufficient gardener?

4

COOPERATIVE EXTENSION WEBSITES CONTAINER GARDENS IN

METUCHEN • RUTGERS (NJ) www.rce.rutgers.edu www.ifplantscouldtalk.rutgers.edu www.njaes.rutgers.edu/pubs

• CA, NH, NY*, PA, VA & WA**

CONTAINER GARDENING

VEGETABLES = SALAD

BEANS, POLE ONIONS BEETS PEAS, SUGAR SNAP CARROTS PEPPER, SWEET CUCUMBER RADISH EGGPLANT SWISS CHARD/SPINACH LETTUCE TOMATO

Area 1

5 Area 3 Area 2

Area 5 Area 4

6 CONTAINER GARDENING HERBS:

BAY ONIONS BASIL PARSLEY CHIVES ROSEMARY DILL SAGE MARIGOLD SHALLOTS NASTURTIA THYME BASIL, CHIVES & THYME

SAGE, CHIVES & PARSLEY BASIL & ROSEMARY

7 CONTAINER GARDENING

HERBS…MEDICINAL: • ALOE = Aloe vera • HENS AND CHICKS = Sempervivum

HORTICULTURAL THERAPY (Physical…Psychological…Nutritional)

MINOR BURNS…Aloe vera

CONTAINER GARDENING

TREES: BEE & WASP STINGS BAY, SWEET *** FIG, BROWN TURKEY LEMON, MEYER & CITRON Sempervivum OLIVE, LECCINO & SAN FERNANDO POMEGRANATE, BIG RED WONDERFUL DATE PALM, DWARF

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CONTAINERS

• WOOD • CONCRETE • TERRACOTTA • METAL • PLASTIC • STONE

********* GLASS LEMON, BAY & FIG

GOOD DRAINAGE CONTAINER GARDEN IS ESSENTIAL! AQUATIC

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CONTAINER GARDEN TOOLS & EQUIPMENT

AQUATIC • TROWEL • HAND FORK Water Lily, alba • DIBBLE Cattail, mini • PRUNER • SCISSORS Goldfish • KNIFE (Mosquito Larvae) • WATERING CAN • SPRAY BOTTLE

TOOL CARE

1. REMOVE DIRT 2. RINSE WITH WATER 3. WASH WITH SOAP AND WATER 4. DRY 5. OIL LIGHTLY 6. STORE WHEELS CAN MAKE MOVING EASIER

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TOOL CARE (ABUSED) BASIC NEEDS

1. CLEAN RUST SOIL 2. SHARPEN WATER 3. OIL FOOD 4. STORE LIGHT

PLANTING MEDIA • SEED STARTER SOIL POTTING MIX • PROFESSIONAL POTTING MIX ******** • “SOILLESS” • PEAT MOSS & VERMICULITE vs. • POTTING MIX, PEAT MOSS, GARDEN SOIL COMPOST & PERLITE…FOOD

11 WATER WATER

• MORNING • MORNING • BOTTOM • BOTTOM • RESERVOIR • RESERVOIR • FREQUENCY (?) • FREQUENCY (?)

“SELF WATERING” CONTAINERS BLOSSOM-END ROT = CALCIUM DEFICIENCY & WATER (+/-)

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FOOD

COMMERCIAL: WATER SOLUBLE…RAPID GRANULES…SLOW

SALT COMPOUNDS BIND PLANT NUTRIENTS

FOOD

ORGANIC (NATURAL SOURCES):

• COMPOST* • GREEN MANURES • FRESH MANURES 1 2

COMPOSTING: Grass (green), Leaves (brown), Aeration, Moisture & Time

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COMPOST *** 1. ODD YEARS 2. EVEN YEARS 3. 3RD YEAR 4. 4TH YEAR

Rapid vs. Slow Composting

LIGHT

FULL SUN

SHADE

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BASIC PLANT NEEDS

TEMPERATURE DISEASE CONTROL PEST CONTROL

BASIL

TEMPERATURE

COLD HOT

RCRE: ifplantscouldtalk.rutgers.edu

15 PEPPER

CROP ROTATION DISEASE & VS

PESTS CONTAINER ROTATION

16 SICK PLANTS PATHOGENS DISEASE TRIAD BACTERIA 1. HOST FUNGUS 2. ENVIRONMENT VIRUS 3. PATHOGEN

TOMATO FUSARIUM WILT (F) VERTICILLIUM WILT (V) TOMATO: Anthracnose Fruit Rot *** SOIL FUNGI *** USE RESISTANT PLANTS

RCE: FS 547

17 CONTAINER GARDENING

DECONTAMINATION:

0.5% SODIUM HYPOCHLORIDE *** BLEACH SOLUTION (5.25%) → 10%

MAKE FRESH DAILY! WILT FUNGI ENTER PLANT VIA ROOTS → STEMS → LEAVES WATER CONDUCTING VESSELS BECOME PLUGGED & DISCOLORED

PESTS

COMPANION PLANTING INSECT ******** LETTUCE & ONIONS ANIMAL TOMATO & MARIGOLD HUMAN BEANS & RADISH CUCUMBER & RADISH

18 19 Deer and Lyme Disease

TOMATO MONSTER

20 PROPAGATION • SEEDS (sexual) • CUTTINGS (asexual) • LAYERING (asexual) - DIVISION - OFFSET HOME NEWS TRIBUNE HOME & GARDEN January 17, 2008

SEED TESTING CONTAINER GARDEN PLANNING EGG BOX *** PAPER TOWEL SEED CATALOGUES PERMANENT MARKER GARDEN RECORDS SPRAY DIAGRAM WINDOW HEATING PAD RCE - FS129

21 22 LETTUCE & ONION SETS

23 BASIL & ROSEMARY CUTTINGS

PROPAGATION CUTTINGS = EASY *** BASIL & ROSEMARY

PROPAGATION: CUTTINGS = DIFFICULT BAY

24 BAY HARVEST & STORAGE

FRESH DRYING FREEZING CONTAINER GREENHOUSE Container (24”x10”x10”)…Screen Base…Plastic Leaf Bag

FRESH SALAD SHALLOTS

TOMATO, LETTUCE, PEPPER, TOMATO (RAINBOW) & BASIL BEET GREENS

25 PARSLEY

CONTAINER GARDENING KEEPING RECORDS

MOVING INDOORS: 1. PRUNE AND SHAPE PLANTS • BOUND JOURNAL 2. SEARCH FOR INSECT PESTS 3. ADD CONTAINER MIX AND/OR REPOT • LOOSE LEAF JOURNAL PLANTS 4. PREPARE FOR TRANSITION • FILE FOLDERS 5. INITIATE DORMANT CARE • COMPUTER JOURNAL 6. SEEK APPROPRIATE SITE FOR PLANT

26 KEEPING RECORDS

ANNUAL INDIVIDUAL PLANTS CUTTINGS PLANT ROTATION

RECORDS: ANNUAL RECORDS: INDIVIDUAL PLANTS

27 CONTAINER GARDENING

• TRY NEW PLANTS

RECORDS: • TRY NEW IDEAS PLANT ROTATION • TRY NEW LOCATIONS

• BE INOVATIVE • EXPERIMENT!!!

2005 EXPERIMENT *** UPSIDE-DOWN TOMATO PATIO DETERMINATE

2006 EXPERIMENT - BEETS

28 2007 EXPERIMENT ******** OLIVE TREE ∞

2006 EXPERIMENT GETHSEMANE: Garden of Olives LIMA BEANS

EXPERIMENT EXPERIMENT

2008 2009 2010

• Bay Tree Cuttings: • Bay Tree Cuttings Heel vs. Terminal • Lemon Tree Cuttings • Grape, Concord seedless • Container Greenhouse • Olive Tree Cuttings • Date Palm, dwarf • Pomegranate Tree • Blueberry (3 varieties) Cuttings • Rosemary Cuttings • Citron • Cuttings & Storage of plants in garage

29 EXPERIMENT TEN STEPS TO SUCCESS

2011 1. Pick a good site. 2. Start with good soil and keep • Potatoes improving it. • Aquatic Garden 3. Plan carefully. (Plants & Fish) 4. Start small. • Biblical Theme 5. Grow only what you like to eat. (Spiritual) 6. Select varieties with care.

TEN STEPS TO SUCCESS Life is Beautiful!

7. Water only when necessary, then water deeply and early in the day. 8. Visit your garden every day. 9. Make sure you’ve correctly identified the cause of a problem before applying a “treatment”. 10. Maintain good garden sanitation.

UNHCE finis

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