RUTGERS COOPERATIVE EXTENSION DISCLOSURE MIDDLESEX COUNTY MASTER GARDENER PROGRAM • THERE IS NO FINANCIAL INTEREST OR OTHER RELATIONSHIP WITH ANY CONTAINER GARDENING COMMERCIAL PRODUCT.
& • THE SLIDE PRESENTATION OF Horticultural Therapy COMMERCIAL SITES SHOULD NOT BE CONSTRUED AS AN ENDORSEMENT. F. F. PRIMICH, MD November 2011
HORTICULTURAL THERAPY HORTICULTURAL THERAPY
The American Horticultural Therapy “Horticultural therapy is using Association defines horticultural plants and growing environments therapy as “a process utilizing plants as tools to heal and rehabilitate and horticultural activities to improve sick and disabled people.” social, psychological and physical adjustment of persons thus improving their body, mind and spirit”. Joel Flagler, H.T.R. RCE FS692
1 HORTICULTURAL THERAPY HORTICULTURAL THERAPY
• Horticultural therapy may improve the Benefits of Horticultural Therapy: over all well being of not only patients, • Physical…to improve muscle function but caretakers and family of patients. and strength. • Horticultural therapy should not be • Psychological…to improve mental limited to a season or location, but may activity and self esteem. be utilized year round and in almost • Social…to increase independence and any location (indoors and outdoors). possibly help others.
HORTICULTURAL THERAPY HORTICULTURAL THERAPY
Benefits of Horticultural Therapy: Accessible Gardens for Therapy: • Spiritual…a place and time to pray • Raised beds and meditate. • Table planters • Nutritional…better tasting, fresher • Hanging baskets and safer food. • Containers of varying sizes and • Environmental…a means to improve shapes a living area.
2 HORTICULTURAL THERAPY Container Gardening Horticultural therapy is not limited to the aged and disabled!!!
Container gardening is living art that can please all human senses.
CONTAINER GARDENING CONTAINER GARDENING
ADVANTAGES: ADVANTAGES: GARDEN THEME • CONTAINED…BY THE SQUARE FOOT • SALAD GARDEN • MANAGEABLE…MINIMAL DIGGING • HERB GARDEN • AGE FRIENDLY = 2 102 • KITCHEN GARDEN • MOBILE • MEMORIAL GARDEN • FOUR SEASONS • EXPERIMENTAL GARDEN • “GIVE A GARDEN” • BIBLICAL GARDEN
3 CONTAINER GARDENING
ADVANTAGES: BIBLICAL THEME CONTAINER GARDEN …a land of wheat and barley, of vines and fig trees PERSONAL LIBRARY and pomegranates, of olive trees and of honey… *** DEUTERONOMY 8, 8 • REFERENCE BOOKS SEVEN SPECIES 1. Wheat 5. Pomegranate Trees • RCE FACT SHEETS 2. Barley 6. Olive Trees • GARDEN RECORDS 3. Grape Vines 7. Date Palm (dwarf) 4. Fig Trees
EASY GARDENING GUIDES REFERENCE BOOK
Can you be a self sufficient gardener?
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COOPERATIVE EXTENSION WEBSITES CONTAINER GARDENS IN
METUCHEN • RUTGERS (NJ) www.rce.rutgers.edu www.ifplantscouldtalk.rutgers.edu www.njaes.rutgers.edu/pubs
• CA, NH, NY*, PA, VA & WA**
CONTAINER GARDENING
VEGETABLES = SALAD
BEANS, POLE ONIONS BEETS PEAS, SUGAR SNAP CARROTS PEPPER, SWEET CUCUMBER RADISH EGGPLANT SWISS CHARD/SPINACH LETTUCE TOMATO
Area 1
5 Area 3 Area 2
Area 5 Area 4
6 CONTAINER GARDENING HERBS:
BAY ONIONS BASIL PARSLEY CHIVES ROSEMARY DILL SAGE MARIGOLD SHALLOTS NASTURTIA THYME BASIL, CHIVES & THYME
SAGE, CHIVES & PARSLEY BASIL & ROSEMARY
7 CONTAINER GARDENING
HERBS…MEDICINAL: • ALOE = Aloe vera • HENS AND CHICKS = Sempervivum
HORTICULTURAL THERAPY (Physical…Psychological…Nutritional)
MINOR BURNS…Aloe vera
CONTAINER GARDENING
TREES: BEE & WASP STINGS BAY, SWEET *** FIG, BROWN TURKEY LEMON, MEYER & CITRON Sempervivum OLIVE, LECCINO & SAN FERNANDO POMEGRANATE, BIG RED WONDERFUL DATE PALM, DWARF
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CONTAINERS
• WOOD • CONCRETE • TERRACOTTA • METAL • PLASTIC • STONE
********* GLASS LEMON, BAY & FIG
GOOD DRAINAGE CONTAINER GARDEN IS ESSENTIAL! AQUATIC
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CONTAINER GARDEN TOOLS & EQUIPMENT
AQUATIC • TROWEL • HAND FORK Water Lily, alba • DIBBLE Cattail, mini • PRUNER • SCISSORS Goldfish • KNIFE (Mosquito Larvae) • WATERING CAN • SPRAY BOTTLE
TOOL CARE
1. REMOVE DIRT 2. RINSE WITH WATER 3. WASH WITH SOAP AND WATER 4. DRY 5. OIL LIGHTLY 6. STORE WHEELS CAN MAKE MOVING EASIER
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TOOL CARE (ABUSED) BASIC PLANT NEEDS
1. CLEAN RUST SOIL 2. SHARPEN WATER 3. OIL FOOD 4. STORE LIGHT
PLANTING MEDIA • SEED STARTER SOIL POTTING MIX • PROFESSIONAL POTTING MIX ******** • COMPOST “SOILLESS” • PEAT MOSS & VERMICULITE vs. • POTTING MIX, PEAT MOSS, GARDEN SOIL COMPOST & PERLITE…FOOD
11 WATER WATER
• MORNING • MORNING • BOTTOM • BOTTOM • RESERVOIR • RESERVOIR • FREQUENCY (?) • FREQUENCY (?)
“SELF WATERING” CONTAINERS BLOSSOM-END ROT = CALCIUM DEFICIENCY & WATER (+/-)
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FOOD
COMMERCIAL: WATER SOLUBLE…RAPID GRANULES…SLOW
SALT COMPOUNDS BIND PLANT NUTRIENTS
FOOD
ORGANIC (NATURAL SOURCES):
• COMPOST* • GREEN MANURES • FRESH MANURES 1 2
COMPOSTING: Grass (green), Leaves (brown), Aeration, Moisture & Time
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COMPOST *** 1. ODD YEARS 2. EVEN YEARS 3. 3RD YEAR 4. 4TH YEAR
Rapid vs. Slow Composting
LIGHT
FULL SUN
SHADE
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BASIC PLANT NEEDS
TEMPERATURE DISEASE CONTROL PEST CONTROL
BASIL
TEMPERATURE
COLD HOT
RCRE: ifplantscouldtalk.rutgers.edu
15 PEPPER
CROP ROTATION DISEASE & VS
PESTS CONTAINER ROTATION
16 SICK PLANTS PATHOGENS DISEASE TRIAD BACTERIA 1. HOST FUNGUS 2. ENVIRONMENT VIRUS 3. PATHOGEN
TOMATO FUSARIUM WILT (F) VERTICILLIUM WILT (V) TOMATO: Anthracnose Fruit Rot *** SOIL FUNGI *** USE RESISTANT PLANTS
RCE: FS 547
17 CONTAINER GARDENING
DECONTAMINATION:
0.5% SODIUM HYPOCHLORIDE *** BLEACH SOLUTION (5.25%) → 10%
MAKE FRESH DAILY! WILT FUNGI ENTER PLANT VIA ROOTS → STEMS → LEAVES WATER CONDUCTING VESSELS BECOME PLUGGED & DISCOLORED
PESTS
COMPANION PLANTING INSECT ******** LETTUCE & ONIONS ANIMAL TOMATO & MARIGOLD HUMAN BEANS & RADISH CUCUMBER & RADISH
18 19 Deer and Lyme Disease
TOMATO MONSTER
20 PROPAGATION • SEEDS (sexual) • CUTTINGS (asexual) • LAYERING (asexual) - DIVISION - OFFSET HOME NEWS TRIBUNE HOME & GARDEN January 17, 2008
SEED TESTING CONTAINER GARDEN PLANNING EGG BOX *** PAPER TOWEL SEED CATALOGUES PERMANENT MARKER GARDEN RECORDS SPRAY BOTTLE GARDEN DIAGRAM WINDOW GREENHOUSE HEATING PAD RCE - FS129
21 22 LETTUCE & ONION SETS
23 BASIL & ROSEMARY CUTTINGS
PROPAGATION CUTTINGS = EASY *** BASIL & ROSEMARY
PROPAGATION: CUTTINGS = DIFFICULT BAY
24 BAY HARVEST & STORAGE
FRESH DRYING FREEZING CONTAINER GREENHOUSE Container (24”x10”x10”)…Screen Base…Plastic Leaf Bag
FRESH SALAD SHALLOTS
TOMATO, LETTUCE, PEPPER, TOMATO (RAINBOW) & BASIL BEET GREENS
25 PARSLEY
CONTAINER GARDENING KEEPING RECORDS
MOVING INDOORS: 1. PRUNE AND SHAPE PLANTS • BOUND JOURNAL 2. SEARCH FOR INSECT PESTS 3. ADD CONTAINER MIX AND/OR REPOT • LOOSE LEAF JOURNAL PLANTS 4. PREPARE FOR TRANSITION • FILE FOLDERS 5. INITIATE DORMANT CARE • COMPUTER JOURNAL 6. SEEK APPROPRIATE SITE FOR PLANT
26 KEEPING RECORDS
ANNUAL INDIVIDUAL PLANTS CUTTINGS PLANT ROTATION
RECORDS: ANNUAL RECORDS: INDIVIDUAL PLANTS
27 CONTAINER GARDENING
• TRY NEW PLANTS
RECORDS: • TRY NEW IDEAS PLANT ROTATION • TRY NEW LOCATIONS
• BE INOVATIVE • EXPERIMENT!!!
2005 EXPERIMENT *** UPSIDE-DOWN TOMATO PATIO DETERMINATE
2006 EXPERIMENT - BEETS
28 2007 EXPERIMENT ******** OLIVE TREE ∞
2006 EXPERIMENT GETHSEMANE: Garden of Olives LIMA BEANS
EXPERIMENT EXPERIMENT
2008 2009 2010
• Bay Tree Cuttings: • Bay Tree Cuttings Heel vs. Terminal • Lemon Tree Cuttings • Grape, Concord seedless • Container Greenhouse • Olive Tree Cuttings • Date Palm, dwarf • Pomegranate Tree • Blueberry (3 varieties) Cuttings • Rosemary Cuttings • Citron • Cuttings & Storage of plants in garage
29 EXPERIMENT TEN STEPS TO SUCCESS
2011 1. Pick a good site. 2. Start with good soil and keep • Potatoes improving it. • Aquatic Garden 3. Plan carefully. (Plants & Fish) 4. Start small. • Biblical Theme 5. Grow only what you like to eat. (Spiritual) 6. Select crop varieties with care.
TEN STEPS TO SUCCESS Life is Beautiful!
7. Water only when necessary, then water deeply and early in the day. 8. Visit your garden every day. 9. Make sure you’ve correctly identified the cause of a problem before applying a “treatment”. 10. Maintain good garden sanitation.
UNHCE finis
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