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CBD Third National Report

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CBD Third National Report A. REPORTING PARTY Contracting Party Germany N A T I O N A L F O C A L P O I N T Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Full name of the institution Nuclear Safety Name and title of contact Mr. Dirk Schwenzfeier officer Robert-Schuman-Platz 3 Postfach 120629 Mailing address D-53048 Bonn Germany Telephone +49-228-305-2611, -2619 Fax +49-228-305-2684 E-mail [email protected] CONTACT OFFICER FOR NATIONAL REPORT (IF DIFFERENT FROM ABOVE) Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Full name of the institution Nuclear Safety Name and title of contact Mr. Alfred Walter officer Mrs. Elke Steinmetz Robert-Schuman-Platz 3 Mailing address Postfach 120629 D-53048 Bonn Germany Telephone +49-228-305-2610, -2618 Fax +49-228-305-2694 [email protected] E-mail [email protected] COORDINATING OFFICER FOR NATIONAL REPORT Full name of the institution Federal Agency for Nature Conservation Name and title of contact Ms. Cordula Epple officer Bundesamt für Naturschutz Mailing address Insel Vilm D-18581 Putbus Germany Telephone +49-38301-86136 Fax +49-38301-86150 E-mail [email protected] S U B M I S S I O N 1 Signature of officer responsible for submitting national report Date of submission 17 October 2005 Informatiion on the preparatiion of the report Box I. Please provide information on the preparation of this report, including information on stakeholders involved and material used as a basis for the report. The report was prepared by the departments of the Federal Government and their subordinate authorities. The Länder (federal states) and associations were involved and their comments were incorporated. 2 B. PRIORITY SETTING, TARGETS AND OBSTACLES Box II. Please provide an overview of the status and trends of various components of biological diversity in your country based on the information and data available. Comprehensive information on the status of and trends in biological diversity in Germany is compiled at regular intervals by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation and published under the title “Nature Data ” (Daten zur Natur). Following are some data on the conservation value of landscapes and on threats to biotopes, plant communities, fauna, flora and fungi in Germany (BfN 2004): Landscapes: Out of a total of 858 defined individual landscape areas (including 59 agglomeration areas), some 401 individual landscape areas (approx. 49% of the area of Germany) are classified in the categories “deserving special protection” (89 landscapes, 12.2% of the area of Germany), “deserving protection” (90 / 9.3%) or “deserving protection but suffering from deficits” (222 / 27.1%) (situation as of: July 2004). Biotope types: Of the total of more than 500 biotope types, some 69% are considered endangered (of these, 0.2% are completely destroyed, 15% threatened with complete destruction, 32.5% greatly endangered, 20.3% endangered and 1% potentially endangered). The main factors endangering terrestrial biotopes are intensive use / intensification of use (36.3%), eutrophication of soil and water (22.4%) and encroachments on the water balance (15.6%). A new edition of the “Red List of Biotope Types” is planned for 2005. Plant communities: 48.4% of the 788 plant communities in Germany are currently considered to be endangered (5.8% in danger of extinction, 17.7% greatly endangered, 23.6% endangered, 1.3% presumed to be endangered) and 0.3% are classed as disappeared or lost. Diversity of species: To date approx 48,000 animal species and approx. 28,000 species of plants and fungi have been shown to exist in Germany. Compared with the previous estimate of the total number of fauna species in 1982, the latest studies show an increase of around 4,000 species (Völkl et al. 2004). The factors to which this increase is attributed are greater accuracy in the latest studies, newly described and immigrant species, and splitting of known taxa. The largest group of animals is insects, with 33,305 species. Of the 4,630 mammal species described worldwide, 91 occur in Germany (vertebrates: 703). The number of species of flowering plants in Germany is at least 3,242. At 42 endemic plants, the number of species occurring exclusively in Germany is small; this is a consequence of the ice ages and the resulting reduction in the diversity of flora species. Assessments according to the Red List (BfN 1996; BfN 1998; Bauer et al. 2002): Mammals (100 species assessed): 38% are regarded as endangered (5% in danger of extinction, 12% greatly endangered, 12% endangered, 4% presumed to be endangered, 5% extremely ra re), 13% as extinct or lost. Breeding birds (254 species assessed): 37% are regarded as endangered (10% in danger of extinction, 11% greatly endangered, 4% endangered) and 6% as extinct or lost. Of the 238 species of birds that regularly breed in Germany, 66 species displayed a positive trend during the period 1975 to 1999 (also due to regional improvements in the data situation), e.g. sea eagle and osprey, white and black stork, and peregrine falcon. Six species were downgraded to a lower endangerment category (Montagu’s harrier, quail, alpine swift, bee-eater, bluethroat, stonechat), while two species had to be upgraded to a higher endangerment category owing to current endangerment factors despite a positive population trend: the eagle owl to category 3 (endangered) and the cormorant to the early warning list. One example of a species presumably favoured by the changing climatic conditions (more than 50% increase in population from 1975 to 1999) is the bee-eater. The black stork also displays a – supra -regional – increase of more than 50% from 1975 to 1999. Among other things this species profited from protective measures, species support programmes at Länder (state) level and positive developments in neighbouring countries. Amphibians (21) and reptiles (14 species): 71.4% are considered endangered or extremely rare (amphibian 67%: 9.5% in danger of extinction, 23.8% greatly endangered, 23.8% endangered, 4.8% presumed endangered, 4.8% extremely rare; reptiles 79%: 42.9% in danger of extinction, 21.4% greatly endangered, 14.3% endangered). Fish / cyclostomata (marine) (207 species assessed): 25% are regarded as endangered (2.9% in danger of extinction, 5.3% greatly endangered, 10.6% endangered, 5.8% extremely rare), 2.4% as extinct or lost. 3 Fish / cyclostomata (limnic) (70 species assessed): 68.6% are regarded as endangered (12.9% in danger of extinction, 30% greatly endangered, 21.4% endangered, 4.3% extremely rare), 5.7% as extinct or lost. Large butterflies (approx. 1,450 species assessed): 36.5% are regarded as endangered (6.8% in danger of extinction, 11.1% greatly endangered, 12.1% endangered, 1% presumed to be endangered, 5.5% extremely rare), 2.3% as extinct or lost. Plants (incl. fungi) (approx. 14,000 species assessed): 28.7% are regarded as endangered (4.7% in danger of extinction, 9.1% greatly endangered, 12.2% endangered, 2.8% presumed to be endangered), 6.6% extremely rare and 3.7% as extinct or lost. Ferns and flowering plants (3,001 species assessed): 26.8% are regarded as endangered (3.9% in danger of extinction, 9.1% greatly endangered, 12.7% endangered, 1.1% presumed to be endangered), 3.1% extremely rare and 3.7% as extinct or lost. Endangerment factors are site destruction (539 species), intensification of agricultural land use, but also cessation of use, becoming fallow and woody plant succession (455 species). Information on the genetic diversity situation and trends in Germany is available primarily for crop plants and livestock. According to the Society for the Preservation of Ancient and Endangered Breeds of Domesticated Animals, some 90 endangered breeds of domesticated animals are currently kept in Germany, of which 34 are classified as extremely endangered and 16 as greatly endangered. Bauer, H.-G., Berthold, P., Boye, P., Knief, W., Südbeck, P. & Witt, K. (2002): Rote Liste der Brutvögel Deutschlands. 3rd, revised edition, 08.05.2002. - Ber. Vogelschutz 39: 13-60. BfN - Bundesamt für Naturschutz (ed.) (1996): Rote Liste gefährdeter Pflanzen Deutschlands. - Schr.-R. f. Vegetationskunde 28. - Münster (Landwirtschaftsverlag). BfN - Bundesamt für Naturschutz (ed.) (1998): Rote Liste gefährdeter Tiere Deutschlands. - Schr.-R. f. Landschaftspflege u. Naturschutz 55. - Münster (Landwirtschaftsverlag). BfN - Bundesamt für Naturschutz (ed.) (2004): Daten zur Natur 2004. Landwirtschaftsverlag Münster. Völkl, W., Blick, T., Kornacker, P.M., Martens, H. (2004): Quantitativer Überblick über die rezente Fauna von Deutschland. - Natur und Landschaft 79 (7): 293-295. Internet: http://www.bfn.de/03/0301.htm http://www.g-e-h.de/geh-allg/rotelist.htm 4 Priioriity Settiing 1.. Please indicate, by marking an "X" in the appropriate column below, the level of priority your country accords to the implementation of various articles, provisions and relevant programmes of the work of the Convention. Levell of Priioriity Artiiclle/Proviisiion/Programme of Work Hiigh Mediium Low a) Article 5 – Cooperation X b) Article 6 - General measures for conservation and sustainable X use c) Article 7 - Identification and monitoring X d) Article 8 – In-situ conservation X e) Article 8(h) - Alien species x f) Article 8(j) - Traditional knowledge and related provisions x g) Article 9 – Ex-situ conservation X h) Article 10 – Sustainable use of components of biological diversity X i) Article 11 - Incentive measures x j) Article 12 - Research and training X k) Article 13 - Public education and awareness X l) Article 14 - Impact assessment and minimizing adverse impacts X m) Article 15 - Access to genetic resources x n) Article 16 - Access to and transfer of technology X o) Article 17 - Exchange of information X p) Article 18 – Scientific and technical cooperation X q) Article 19 - Handling of biotechnology and distribution of its X benefits r) Article 20 - Financial resources X s) Article 21 - Financial mechanism X t) Agricultural biodiversity X 5 u) Forest biodiversity X v) Inland water biodiversity X w) Marine and coastal biodiversity X x) Dryland and subhumid land biodiversity X y) Mountain biodiversity X Challllenges and Obstaclles to Impllementatiion 2.
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