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Tardigrades Colonise Antarctica?
This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from Explore Bristol Research, http://research-information.bristol.ac.uk Author: Short, Katherine A Title: Life in the extreme when did tardigrades colonise Antarctica? General rights Access to the thesis is subject to the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International Public License. A copy of this may be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode This license sets out your rights and the restrictions that apply to your access to the thesis so it is important you read this before proceeding. Take down policy Some pages of this thesis may have been removed for copyright restrictions prior to having it been deposited in Explore Bristol Research. However, if you have discovered material within the thesis that you consider to be unlawful e.g. breaches of copyright (either yours or that of a third party) or any other law, including but not limited to those relating to patent, trademark, confidentiality, data protection, obscenity, defamation, libel, then please contact [email protected] and include the following information in your message: •Your contact details •Bibliographic details for the item, including a URL •An outline nature of the complaint Your claim will be investigated and, where appropriate, the item in question will be removed from public view as soon as possible. 1 Life in the Extreme: when did 2 Tardigrades Colonise Antarctica? 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Katherine Short 10 11 12 13 14 15 A dissertation submitted to the University of Bristol in accordance with the 16 requirements for award of the degree of Geology in the Faculty of Earth 17 Sciences, September 2020. -
Tardigrades of the Tree Canopy: Milnesium Swansoni Sp. Nov. (Eutardigrada: Apochela: Milnesiidae) a New Species from Kansas, U.S.A
Zootaxa 4072 (5): 559–568 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4072.5.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8BE2C177-D0F2-41DE-BBD7-F2755BE8A0EF Tardigrades of the Tree Canopy: Milnesium swansoni sp. nov. (Eutardigrada: Apochela: Milnesiidae) a new species from Kansas, U.S.A. ALEXANDER YOUNG1,5, BENJAMIN CHAPPELL2, WILLIAM MILLER3 & MARGARET LOWMAN4 1Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, OR 97202, USA. 2Department of Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA. 3Department of Biology, Baker University, Baldwin City, KS 66006, USA. 4California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California 94118, USA. 5Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Milnesium swansoni sp. nov. is a new species of Eutardigrada described from the tree canopy in eastern Kansas, USA. This species within the order Apochela, family Milnesiidae, genus Milnesium is distinguished by its smooth cuticle, nar- row buccal tube, four peribuccal lamellae, primary claws without accessory points, and a secondary claw configuration of [3-3]-[3-3]. The buccal tube appears to be only half the width of the nominal species Milnesium tardigradum for animals of similar body length. The species adds to the available data for the phylum, and raises questions concerning species dis- tribution. Key words: Four peribuccal lamellae, Thorpe morphometry, Tardigrada, Canopy diversity Introduction Milnesium Doyère, 1840 is a genus of predatory limno-terrestrial tardigrades within the Order Apochela and the Family Milnesiidae with unique morphological characteristics (Guil 2008). The genus is distinct within the phylum Tardigrada for lacking placoids, but having peribuccal papillae, lateral papillae, peribuccal lamellae, a wide buccal tube, and separated double claws (Kinchin 1994). -
A Checklist of Norwegian Tardigrada
Fauna norvegica 2017 Vol. 37: 25-42. A checklist of Norwegian Tardigrada Terje Meier1 Meier T. 2017. A checklist of Norwegian Tardigrada. Fauna norvegica 37: 25-42. Animals of the phylum Tardigrada are microscopical metazoans that seldom exceed 1 mm in length. They are recorded from terrestrial, limnic and marine habitats and they have a distribution from Arctic to Antarctica. Tardigrades are also named ‘water bears’ referring to their ‘walk’ that resembles a bear’s gait. Knowledge of Norwegian tardigrades is fragmented and distributed across numerous sources. Here this information is gathered and validity of some records is discussed. In total 146 different species are recorded from the Norwegian mainland and Svalbard. Among these, 121 species and subspecies are recorded in previous publications and another 25 species are recorded from Norway for the first time. doi: 10.5324/fn.v37i0.2269. Received: 2017-05-22. Accepted: 2017-12-06. Published online: 2017-12.20. ISSN: 1891-5396 (electronic). Keywords: Tardigrada, Norway, Svalbard, checklist, taxonomy, literature, biodiversity, new records 1. Prinsdalsfaret 20, NO-1262 Oslo, Norway. Corresponding author: Terje Meier E-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION terminating in claws or sucking disks. The first three pairs of legs are directed ventrolaterally and are used to moving over the The phylum Tardigrada (water bears) currently holds about substrate. The hind legs are directed posteriorly and are used for 1250 valid species and subspecies (Degma et al. 2007, Degma grasping. Adult Tardigrades usually range from 250 µm to 700 et al. 2017) and are found in a great variety of habitats. They µm in length. -
Tardigrades: an Imaging Approach, a Record of Occurrence, and A
TARDIGRADES: AN IMAGING APPROACH, A RECORD OF OCCURRENCE, AND A BIODIVERSITY INVENTORY By STEVEN LOUIS SCHULZE A thesis submitted to the Graduate School-Camden Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Science Graduate Program in Biology Written under the direction of Dr. John Dighton And approved by ____________________________ Dr. John Dighton ____________________________ Dr. William Saidel ____________________________ Dr. Emma Perry ____________________________ Dr. Jennifer Oberle Camden, New Jersey May 2020 THESIS ABSTRACT Tardigrades: An Imaging Approach, A Record of Occurrence, and a Biodiversity Inventory by STEVEN LOUIS SCHULZE Thesis Director: Dr. John Dighton Three unrelated studies that address several aspects of the biology of tardigrades— morphology, records of occurrence, and local biodiversity—are herein described. Chapter 1 is a collaborative effort and meant to provide supplementary scanning electron micrographs for a forthcoming description of a genus of tardigrade. Three micrographs illustrate the structures that will be used to distinguish this genus from its confamilials. An In toto lateral view presents the external structures relative to one another. A second micrograph shows a dentate collar at the distal end of each of the fourth pair of legs, a posterior sensory organ (cirrus E), basal spurs at the base of two of four claws on each leg, and a ventral plate. The third micrograph illustrates an appendage on the second leg (p2) of the animal and a lateral appendage (C′) at the posterior sinistral margin of the first paired plate (II). This image also reveals patterning on the plate margin and the leg. -
Eutardigrada: Milnesiidae): Milnesium Krzysztofi from Costa Rica (Central America
NewKaczmarek Zealand & Journal Michalczyk— of Zoology,Milnesium 2007, krzysztofiVol. 34: 297–302, new tardigrade from Costa Rica 297 0301–4223/07/3404–0297 © The Royal Society of New Zealand 2007 A new species of Tardigrada (Eutardigrada: Milnesiidae): Milnesium krzysztofi from Costa Rica (Central America) Łukasz kaczmarek 1990 (chile), M. dujianensis yang 2003 (china), Department of animal Taxonomy & ecology M. eurystomum maucci, 1991 (Greenland), M. ka- Institute of environmental Biology tarzynae kaczmarek et al., 2004 (china), M. longiun- a. mickiewicz university gue Tumanov, 2006 (India), M. reductum, Tumanov Szamarzewskiego 91 a 2006 (kirghizia), M. reticulatum Pilato et al., 2002 60-569 Poznań, Poland (seychelles), M. slovenskyi Bertolani & Grimaldi, [email protected] 2000 (known only from cretaceous amber), M. tardigradum Doyère, 1840 (described from France, Łukasz mIchalczyk until recently thought to be cosmopolitan) and M. centre for ecology tetralamellatum Pilato & Binda, 1991 (Tanzania). evolution and conservation all species except for M. tardigradum are known school of Biological sciences only from their type localities (Binda & Pilato 1990; university of east anglia maucci 1991; Pilato & Binda, 1991, 2001; mcInnes Norwich NR4 7TJ, uk 1994; Bertolani & Grimaldi 2000; Pilato et al. 2002; [email protected] yang 2003; kaczmarek et al. 2004; Tumanov 2006). a new species, the fourteenth in the genus Milne- sium, is described and figured in this paper. Abstract a new eutardigrade species Milnesium krzysztofi sp. nov. is described from costa rica. M. krzysztofi sp. nov. differs from the most similar Milnesium katarzynae kaczmarek et al., 2004 main- MATERIAL AND METHODS ly by the presence of spurs on internal claws I–III Thirteen specimens of M. -
XXXVI Reunión Científica Anual De La Sociedad De Biología De Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
XXXVI Reunión Científica Anual de la Sociedad de Biología de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina. 0 XXXVI Reunión Científica Anual de la Sociedad de Biología de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina. Libro de Resúmenes XXXVI Reunión Científica Anual Sociedad de Biología de Cuyo 6 y 7 de Diciembre de 2018 Nave Universitaria Secretaría de Extensión Universitaria de la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Juan Agustín Maza 250, Mendoza Argentina 1 XXXVI Reunión Científica Anual de la Sociedad de Biología de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina. Índice General Comisión Directiva…………………………….. 3 Comisión Organizadora………………………... 4 Comité Científico…………...……………….…..5 Auspicios…………………………………….…..6 Declaración de Interés Gobierno de Mendoza…..7 Programa General….…………………………....8 Conferencias y Simposios…….…………..……11 Presentación de Posters……….………….….....20 Listado de Resúmenes.………..…………….….45 2 XXXVI Reunión Científica Anual de la Sociedad de Biología de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina. COMISIÓN DIRECTIVA (2018-2020) Presidente Dr. Walter MANUCHA Vicepresidente Dra. María Verónica PÉREZ CHACA Secretario Dr. Miguel FORNÉS Tesorera Dra. María Eugenia CIMINARI Vocales Titulares Dr. Juan CHEDIAK Dr. Diego GRILLI Dra. Silvina ÁLVAREZ Vocales Suplentes Dra. Ethel LARREGLE Dra. Claudia CASTRO Dr. Luis LOPEZ Revisor de Cuentas Dra. Lucía FUENTES y Dr. Diego CARGNELUTTI 3 XXXVI Reunión Científica Anual de la Sociedad de Biología de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina. COMISIÓN ORGANIZADORA Dr. Walter Manucha Dra. M. Verónica Pérez Chaca Dra. M. Eugenia Ciminari Dr. Juan Chediack Dra. Nidia Gomez Dra. Lucia Fuentes Dr. Miguel Fornés Dr. Diego Cargnelutti Dra. Gabriela Feresin 4 XXXVI Reunión Científica Anual de la Sociedad de Biología de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina. COMITÉ CIENTIFICO MENDOZA SAN LUIS Dr. Carlos GAMARRA LUQUES Dra. Verónica Pérez Chaca Dra. Adriana TELECHEA Dra. Alba VEGA Dra. -
Seventh International Symposium on Tardigrada
~ Heimatmuseum Benrath Benrather SchloBallee 102 40597 Dusseldorf I Telefon (0211) 89-97219 Seventh International Symposium on Tardigrada Naturkundliches Heimatmuseum Benrath I September 4 - 7, 1997 Programme and timetable Thursday 15.00 - 19.00 Registration Naturkundliches Heimatmuseum SchloB Benrath Benrather SchloBallee 102 D-40597 DUsseldorf Tel. + 49 (0) 211 8997216 Seventh International Symposium 8997219 Fax + 49 (0) 211 8929115 on Tardigrada 19.30 Informal get-together Supported Hotel Restaurant "Zum Neuen Rathaus" Benrodestr.lEcke Benrather Rathausstr. 1 by D-40597 DUsseldorf Tel. & Fax the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft + 49 (0) 21( 716666 and 9714203 (DFG) Friday Morning Friday Afternoon 09.00 - 09.20 Welcome 1400 - 14.40 W;'igele, J.W. Tardigrade Phylogeny and Systematics Principles ofphylogenetic systematics and sources oferrors in molecular systematics (Invited lecture) Chair: R.M. Kristensen following the lecture 09.20 - 09.50 Budd, G. Cambrian stem-group arthropods: Can they help us pin down tardigrade origins? Round Table Discussion 09.50 - 10.20 Dewel, W.C. & R.A. Dewel Congruence ofmorphological and molecular data in Tardigrada? Phylogenetic implications of the morphology of the "suboesophageal (Chairs: R.M. Kristensen, D. Nelson, lW. Wagele) ganglion" and ventral cord ofEchiniscus sp. 10.20 - 10.50 Coffee and Tea Chair: R.A. Dewel 16.30 - 19.00 Walk through the DUsseldorf "Altstadt" 10.50 - 11.10 Nelson, D.R. & J. Garey Molecular analysis ofeutardigrades and heterotardigrades 19.00 Get-together in a "Biergarten" (depends on the weather) or a restaurant in 11.10 - 11.40 the "Altstadt" Eibye-Jacobsen, J.. Are the placoid structures in the tardigrade pharynx homologous throughout the entire group? 11.40 - 12.00 Nelson, D.R. -
Dastych, H. 2011. Bergtrollus Dzimbowski Gen. N., Sp. N., A
Entomol. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Hamburg 15 (186): 335-359 Hamburg, 1. Dezember 2011 ISSN 0044-5223 Bergtrollus dzimbowski gen. n., sp. n., a remarkable new tardigrade genus and species from the nival zone of the Lyngen Alps, Norway (Tardigrada: Milnesiidae) HIERONYMUS DASTYCH (with 51 gures) Abstract Bergtrollus dzimbowski gen. n., sp. n., a new genus and species of Tardigrada (the Milnesiidae) from moss in the nival zone of the Lyngen Alps (Norway), is described. This is the second milnesiid genus, apart from Milnesium Doyère, 1840, known to oc- cur in the Northern Hemisphere. The new tardigrade is characterized by a strikingly long and protrusible proboscis (‘snout’) formed by the prolonged mouth region. A simi- lar organ in Eutardigrada has also been reported in Milnesioides exsertum Claxton, 1999 and in the recently discovered Limmenius porcellus Horning et al., 1978 (see Claxton 1999) (both Milnesiidae). These species are known from limited records in New Zealand and Australia. The shape and length of the buccal tube in Bergtrollus gen. n. is intermediate between those of Milnesioides and Limmenius, but the mouth cavity is similar to Milnesium. Diagnostic morphological characters and identi cation key for all four genera of the Milnesiidae are presented and the phylogenetic status of the new taxon within the family is discussed. Keywords: Tardigrada, taxonomy, Bergtrollus dzimbowski gen. n., sp. n., nival zone, the Lyngen Alps, Norway, the Arctic. Introduction Milnesium tardigradum Doyère, 1840 is one of the rst described, still valid, worldwide recorded and commonly known tardigrades. The species repre- sents well-separated phyletic branch within Eutardigrada de ned by Schuster et al. -
An Upgraded Comprehensive Multilocus Phylogeny of the Tardigrada Tree of Life
An upgraded comprehensive multilocus phylogeny of the Tardigrada tree of life Guil, Noemi; Jørgensen, Aslak; Kristensen, Reinhardt Published in: Zoologica Scripta DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12321 Publication date: 2019 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY Citation for published version (APA): Guil, N., Jørgensen, A., & Kristensen, R. (2019). An upgraded comprehensive multilocus phylogeny of the Tardigrada tree of life. Zoologica Scripta, 48(1), 120-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12321 Download date: 26. sep.. 2021 Received: 19 April 2018 | Revised: 24 September 2018 | Accepted: 24 September 2018 DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12321 ORIGINAL ARTICLE An upgraded comprehensive multilocus phylogeny of the Tardigrada tree of life Noemi Guil1 | Aslak Jørgensen2 | Reinhardt Kristensen3 1Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Abstract Ciencias Naturales (MNCN‐CSIC), Madrid, Providing accurate animals’ phylogenies rely on increasing knowledge of neglected Spain phyla. Tardigrada diversity evaluated in broad phylogenies (among phyla) is biased 2 Department of Biology, University of towards eutardigrades. A comprehensive phylogeny is demanded to establish the Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark representative diversity and propose a more natural classification of the phylum. So, 3Zoological Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of we have performed multilocus (18S rRNA and 28S rRNA) phylogenies with Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood. We propose the creation of a new class within Tardigrada, erecting the order Apochela (Eutardigrada) as a new Tardigrada Correspondence Noemi Guil, Department of Biodiversity class, named Apotardigrada comb. n. Two groups of evidence support its creation: and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional (a) morphological, presence of cephalic appendages, unique morphology for claws de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN‐CSIC), Madrid, Spain. -
The Stereo Microscope: 3D Imaging ----- Part I: Introduction and Background
Micscape Magazine. December 2011 The Stereo Microscope: 3D Imaging ----- Part I: Introduction and Background R. Jordan Kreindler (USA) Figure 1. Spider Spinneret (Silk Producing Organ) - Stereo Zoom Microscope 45X Introduction. Most standard microscopes provide non-stereoscopic views. In a standard monocular microscope, stereo viewing is not possible as only one eye is used to see the image (Fig 2). What may be less obvious, in view of the frequent "stereo microscope" misstatements in some auction listings, is that a standard compound binocular microscope is not stereoscopic. In common binocular microscopes both eyes are used, but they are presented with essentially the same image as if a monocular was used. A single monocular image, often separated into two essentially identical images by a beam splitting prism, is presented to both eyes. The mind is able to converge the two images to obtain a single bright but "flat" image. If the full circle of rays from an entire objective's aperture is sent to each binocular tube the image will not be stereoscopic. This is typically the case with high powers where all light entering the objective is important, and microscope designers Figure 2. Zeiss - usually develop their system so that as much light as possible is monocular optical path presented to each eye. However, the case is not quite as straightforward as the above paragraph might indicate, as it is possible to get stereoscopic images using a single objective if the two images presented to the eyes differ appropriately. Light coming to the eyes is inverted, most importantly for the microscopist, light from the left forms an image on the right side of the retina and light coming from the right forms an image on the left side of the retina. -
A Comparison Atlas of Electron and Scanning
A COMPARISON ATLAS OF ELECTRON AND SCANNING ELECTRON FRACTOGRAPHY A THESIS Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate Division by James Lee Hubbard In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Metallurgy Georgia Institute of Technology June, 1971 In presenting the dissertation as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced degree from the Georgia Institute of Technology, I agree that the Library of the Institute shall make it available for inspection and circulation in accordance with its regulations governing materials of this type. I agree that permission to copy from, or to publish from, this dissertation may be granted by the professor under whose direction it was written, or, in his absence, by the Dean of the Graduate Division when such copying or publication is solely for scholarly purposes and does not involve potential financial gain. It is under stood that any copying from, or publication of, this dis sertation which involves potential financial gain will not be allowed without written permission. "i 7/25/68 A COMPARISON ATLAS OF ELECTRON AND SCANNING ELECTRON FRACTOGRAPHY Approved: ?3E± &a£e approved by Chairman: (,-2-1 DEDICATED To my loving wife, Eleanor, for her moral support in completing this thesis iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author wishes to express his sincerest gratitude to the following persons or organizations. Dr. Niels N. Engel, thesis advisor, for his enthusiasm, guidance and patience during the course of this research. Mr. John L. Brown, Senior Research Physicist in the Engineering Experiment Station, for the invaluable knowledge of microscopy he has given me during our eleven year association. -
Tardigrade Ecology
Glime, J. M. 2017. Tardigrade Ecology. Chapt. 5-6. In: Glime, J. M. Bryophyte Ecology. Volume 2. Bryological Interaction. 5-6-1 Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. Last updated 9 April 2021 and available at <http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology2/>. CHAPTER 5-6 TARDIGRADE ECOLOGY TABLE OF CONTENTS Dispersal.............................................................................................................................................................. 5-6-2 Peninsula Effect........................................................................................................................................... 5-6-3 Distribution ......................................................................................................................................................... 5-6-4 Common Species................................................................................................................................................. 5-6-6 Communities ....................................................................................................................................................... 5-6-7 Unique Partnerships? .......................................................................................................................................... 5-6-8 Bryophyte Dangers – Fungal Parasites ............................................................................................................... 5-6-9 Role of Bryophytes