Azerbaijan Relations –Reaching a 11 New Momentum and New Spring

the diplomatic insight 1 2 the diplomatic insight the diplomatic insight 3 4 the diplomatic insight Contents

THE RELATIONS BETWEEN PAKISTAN AND AZERBAIJAN: NEW IMPETUS TO DEVELOP 7 ECONOMIC RELATIONS

Pakistan-Azerbaijan Relations –Reaching a 11 New Momentum and New Spring

TRENDS IN AZERBAIJAN-PAKISTAN RELATIONS IN 13 THE 21ST CENTURY

The Preface of Pakistan-Azerbaijan 15 Relations

18 Enhancing trade with Azerbaijan

March 29 Presidential Elections and 20 Regional security in Central Asia

RENAISSANCE PERIOD OF AZERBAIJAN-PAKISTAN 22 FRATERNITY

the diplomatic insight 5 Editor’s Note aggression to the Azerbaijani people. This has Editor in Chief also resulted in the successful development of Muhammad Asif Noor he word relations between Pakistan and Azerbaijan. Editor T‘Azerbaijan’ They have been established on the ground of Farhat Asif means ‘the land of friendly and fraternal principles. Associate Editors fire’ and the word Mian Noor Ahmed ‘Baku’ means ‘the Pakistanis leadership is fully cognizant of the Laiba Yousafzai city of winds’. importance of its relations with Azerbaijan. Saadia Sharif The name says it That is why, in recent years, we have been Advisory Board all; in Azerbaijan looking for ways and means to strengthen Prof. Dr. Victoria L Fontan there are many our partnership with Azerbaijan and focus Prof. Dr. Ikram Azam places where there trade and commercial relations, which are not Prof. Dr. Munawar A. Anees is centuries’ old naturally lit fire due to the commensurate with the level of our political Prof. Dr. John M. Nomikos understanding. Azerbaijan has also extended Prof. Dr. Murray Hunter seepage of natural gas from the soil. Historical great help in 2005 earthquake and 2010 & Prof. Dr. Dietrich Fischer sources reflect former names of Azerbaijan Prof. Dr. Moonis Ahmar as Andirpatian, Atropatena, Adirbijan and 2011 floods in Pakistan. The Government of Prof. Dr. Abdul Basit Azirbijan. Azerbaijan has deep historical the Republic of Azerbaijan has allocated an Prof. Dr. Gulden Ayman footprints of earliest humankind which was amount of US $ 2 million to help the victims Dr. Ali Abu Turab present in the region since time immemorial. . of devastating flood affected areas of the Sindh Dr. Ghulam Sarwar Azerbaijan has its indigenous ancient culture, province of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan Dr. Ahmad Rashid Malik civilization, progress and dialectics. Azerbaijan on October 27, 2011. In short, our relations are Prof. Dr. Shahnaz Zaheer is also a country which has economic and characterized by consistency, stability, mutual Special Assignment Editor strategic importance in Caucasian Region respect and trust. Sara Flatto (USA) based on its rich energy resources and standing Ximena Holguin (Mexico) President of Pakistan, Mr.Mamnoon Hussain Talyn Rahman-Figueroa (UK) of its geographical location. Azerbaijan is also paid official visit to Azerbaijan on invitation Ayshan Guliyeva (Azerbaijan) holding high place among the community of Tatiana Karchenkova (Russia) nations for its ongoing soft diplomacy and of the President of Azerbaijan Mr.Ilham Shakti Prasad (India) use of several nonviolent and peaceful means Aliyev. During the visit four MoUs of bilateral Samaira Khan (Denmark) for putting together efforts to resolve issue cooperation were signed while President Bakhtawar Malik (France) of Nagorno-Karabakh, a disputed territory, Mamnoon Hussain had also conferred Jan-Frederik Kremer (Germany) illegally confiscated by Armenian forces. Pakistan’s highest civil award “Hilal-e- Dr. Shamas Yasir (Afghanistan) The country has also been elected as one of Pakistan” to the First Lady of Azerbaijan, Hammad Ahmad Malik (Spain) Mrs. Mehriban Aliyeva, in recognition of Eric Ehrmann (Brazil) the Non Permeant Member state for United her services to the people of Pakistan and Tanja Miscevic (Serbia) Nations’ Security Council. Azerbaijan and Pakistan, brotherly Muslim countries have continuous humanitarian work, spanning over Bureau Chiefs a decade, by her organization “Hyder Aliyev Shahid Humayum Mirza (Islamabad) unique commonalities of historical, religious Mohammad Hanif (Vehari) and political nature. Pakistan recognized Foundation” in Kashmir and other parts of Pakistan. President of Pakistan was also given special reporter independence of Azerbaijan in 1991 (the honorary doctorate degree by Baku State Shabbir Haider second country after Turkey) and later two University in recognition of the outstanding Design & layout countries established diplomatic relations in contributions to enhancing friendship and Shahzad Ahmed 1992. Pakistan was one of the first countries to open its embassy in Baku, capital of Azerbaijan. cooperation. Ambassadors of both countries MARKETING MANAGER Mr.Dashgin Shikarov, Mr.Khalid Usman Asir Gill Ever since the first visit of the then President Farooq Ahmed Khan Lagari to Azerbaijani Qaiser and Dr.Ilham Mammadov, First Legal Advisors Secretary, Embassy of Azerbaijan to Pakistan Muhammad Akram Mughal capital, Baku in 1995 and a reciprocal visit of also deserve praise for their outstanding Advocate Supreme Court (AJK) Azerbaijan’s late President Heydar Aliyev in Ch. Abdul Khaliq Thind April 1996 to Pakistan, lots of ground has been contributions for making this visit a success, Advocate High Court (IBD) covered in terms of political and economic for both countries. spheres. Both countries have supported each P.O Box # 1239, Islamabad Journey of togetherness has been refreshed Ph: +92 51 4901547 other in every international forum. Azerbaijan during this highest level visit. It is right time Fax: +92 51 4440104 supports Pakistan’s position on Kashmir and now that officials and people of both countries [email protected] Pakistan supports Azerbaijan’s position on especially businessmen to revamp energies www.thediplomaticinsight.com Nagorno-Karabakh issue. Pakistan and the and work together to make these headways Price: Rs. 400, US$ 4.00 people of Pakistan can well understand and feel into concrete steps that can be remembered Printed by: Islamabad Printers the pain of Azerbaijani people and sufferings forever. Disclaimer: The views of the writers of people of Nagorno-Karabakh as we are do not necessary imply endorsement by facing similar bloodshed in Kashmir since Pakistan-Azerbaijan Dosti Zindabad the magazine. the time of our inception in 1947. Pakistan has not yet recognized Armenia because of its

6 the diplomatic insight THE RELATIONS BETWEEN PAKISTAN AND AZERBAIJAN: NEW IMPETUS TO DEVELOP ECONOMIC RELATIONS Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rovshan Ibrahimov Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea

THE RELATIONS BETWEEN PAKISTAN AND and industrial Pakistan. AZERBAIJAN: NEW IMPETUS TO DEVELOP ECONOMIC RELATIONS1 Pakistan was the third (after Turkey and Romania) state which recognized Azerbaijan this state retained akistan and Azerbaijan are two Muslim countries that its independence on December 12, 1991. Additionally, Penjoy brotherly ties and share common values and Pakistan allocated financial assistance US of $ 1 million to interests on many issues. Since Azerbaijan` regaining of Azerbaijan which has faced with severe economic crisis and its independence, the relations between these two states political collapse. Immediately after Azerbaijan declaring accelerated increasingly and demonstrate rare example of independence, Pakistan continued to provide assistance of solidarity. Although Pakistan and Azerbaijan located also in other areas. Thus, this state organized free courses in different geographical regions and have no direct in order to train Azerbaijani civil servants, which helped connection, these states have a very strong coordination the young state to prepare specialists. in following of the international political agenda. Both states tend to support each other’s` position in international In turn, Azerbaijan is also trying to provide all possible arena in all issues. The remarkable sign of sincere attitude assistance for Pakistan in her difficult days. Thus, financial of Pakistan appears in its motivation to reject recognizing support was provided during heavy floods in Pakistan. the independence of Armenia because of its occupation of By the Azerbaijani government had provided financial the Azerbaijani territories. At the same time, Azerbaijan assistance in total US $ 2 million. Additionally, other supports the position of Pakistan over Kashmir conflict with Ministries and public agencies have also contributed in India. Parallel to the strong political relations the countries order to provide assistance to Pakistan. Azerbaijani Defense unable to achieve the desired level of cooperation in the Ministry organized humanitarian aid for Pakistan and sent economic field. Numbers of obstacles prevent to increase food and clothing weighing 40 tons which worth 350,000 trade and mutual investment between oil rich Azerbaijan manat. The Azerbaijani Ministry of Emergency Situations sent humanitarian assistance which worth over 104,000 1 ◉ “This work was supported by Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Research Fund of 2015”

the diplomatic insight 7 manat.2 Azerbaijan International Development Agency Diplomatic relations between Azerbaijan and Pakistan (AIDA) has also provided humanitarian assistance.3 were established on June 9, 1992. Next year, on March 12, 1993, Embassy of Pakistan to Azerbaijan, one of the Particular attention should be paid to the activity of Heydar earliest embassies functioning in Baku, was established. As Aliyev Foundation in Pakistan. For the first time the for Azerbaijan, this state to open its embassy in Islamabad, Foundation started its activities in the brotherly country on August 24, 1997.8 after the earthquake in October 2005, when the Foundation initiated the construction of a girls’ school in Rara After the establishment of the bilateral relations, as two settlement of Muzaffarabad. The Foundation continued independent countries, Azerbaijan and Pakistan were renovation works in school and constructed the school yard, mutually supportive towards each other, especially in new school rooms, library and laboratory. The Foundation regard to the Nagorno Karabakh and Kashmir conflicts, is also has granted scholarships to five top performing vital issues for Azerbaijan and Pakistan, respectively. students of the school.4 After complete reconstruction and Pakistan has always supported Azerbaijan’s position on renovation, the school was named after the First Lady of Nagorno Karabakh issue and condemned the military Azerbaijan.5 Another school, which had been seriously aggression and occupation of Azerbaijani territories damaged as a result of flood, was repaired and provided with by Armenia. Pakistan has neither till date recognized necessary equipment. The Foundation has also participated Armenia nor has established diplomatic relations with in other social projects in Pakistan. In 2012, 40 thousand this state. Additionally, on February 1, 2012, the Senate people were vaccinated against Hepatitis B in Islamabad. Committee on Foreign Relations of Pakistan recognized Additionally, a fully equipped ambulance and 2000 blood of the massacre in the Azerbaijani town of Khojaly by the packages was delivered to Hamza Foundation; financial aid Armenian troops as genocide. was allocated for the construction of a new building for the clinic of the Khyber Eye Foundation in Peshawar; in 2013, In return, Azerbaijan demonstrates firm stance in regard the Foundation allocated 36 stipends to the interuniversity to Kashmir conflict. As nationwide leader of Azerbaian, consortium on social sciences for Pakistani students at 12 President Heydar Aliyev’s mentioned: “Azerbaijan has influential universities of Azerbaijan. Due to the vigorous always, and in all the necessary levels, defended, and is activity of Azerbaijan’s First Lady and the President of the defending today, the just position of Pakistan on Kashmir Heydar Aliyev Foundation Mehriban Aliyeva was awarded issue. We strongly condemn and express our objections to with a number of awards from different organizations and the violation of human rights in Kashmir”9. the government of this country. Thus, in January 2013, Pakistan’s influential newspaper “Daily Times” and Both states have always supported each other in international the Women Volunteers Association declared Mehriban arena. Thus, Pakistan has supported Azerbaijan in every Aliyeva “The Symbol of Humanism - The Person of 2012”. international forum, regarding to the settlement of the At the end of the same year, on December 27, 2013, the Armenian-Azerbaijan Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and Heydar Aliyev Foundation Mehriban Aliyeva was honored Azerbaijan has also been firmly supporting Pakistan’s with another highest award “Martyr Benazir Bhutto Woman effort for resolution of the Jammu and Kashmir dispute, in Perfection Prize”.6 accordance with the relevant UN resolutions.

The President Mamnoon Hussain during his visit to Baku Azerbaijan and Pakistan has cooperated in different also awarded the President of the Heydar Aliyev Foundation international platform. Unique experience was a time when Mehriban Aliyeva with the order of “Hilal-e-Pakistan” both countries were elected as non-permanent members of by.7 Mehriban Aliyeva became the first ever first lady to UN Security Council for 2012-2013. Other international be honored with “Hilal-e-Pakistan” order. Awarding of forums that Azerbaijan and Pakistan cooperate include the order is a sign of appreciation of the Heydar Aliyev Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and Foundation activity in Pakistan. Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO). ECO is an intergovernmental organization and is focused mainly on 2 Azerbaijan increases humanitarian aid to Pakistan, 27.08.2010, http://en.trend.az/ trade and investments issues between the member states azerbaijan/politics/1741655.html. 3 Azerbaijan’s Government Provided Humanitarian Aid to The Flood Hit Persons which were created in 1985 from Pakistan, Turkey and of Sargodha, http://www.diplomaticstar.net/azerbaijans-government-provided- Iran.10 Azerbaijan became a member of the ECO in 1992.11 humanitarian-aid-to-the-flood-hit-persons-of-sargodha.html. 4 Girls school named after Mehriban Aliyeva was inaugurated in Pakistani city of Muzaffarabad, Official site of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azebaijan Repub- 8 Azerbaijan-Pakistan Relations, Official site of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of lic, 19.09.2012, http://www.mfa.gov.az/index.php?options=news&id=13&news_ Azerbaijan Republic, http://www.mfa.gov.az/files/file/Azerbaijan_-_Pakistan_re- id=931&language=en. lations_08.08.2014.pdf. 5 nigar Orujova, Mehriban Aliyeva awarded Hilal-e Pakistan Order, 13.02.2015, 9 Heydər Əliyev. Müstəqilliyimiz Əbədidir: Çıxışlar, Nitqlər, Bəyanatlar, Məktublar, http://www.azernews.az/azerbaijan/77622.html. Müsahibələr, AZƏRNƏŞR, Bakı, 1998, pp. 60-62. 6 Official site of the Heydar Aliyev Foundation, http://www.heydar-aliyev-founda- 10 rovshan Ibrahimov & Ariz Huseynov, Pakistan and Azerbaijan: 20 Years of tion.org/en/content/index/51/. Proven Relations, The Diplomatic Insight in collaboration with Embassy of the 7 President of the Heydar Aliyev Foundation Mehriban Aliyeva is presented the Republic of Azerbaijan to Pakistan, Islamabad, 2013, Azerbaijan & Pakistan: 20 order “Hilal-e-Pakistan”, 11.03.2015, http://www.heydar-aliyev-foundation.org/ Years of Friendship and Cooperation, p. 50. en/content/view/59/3763/President-of-the-Heydar-Aliyev-Foundation-Mehriban- 11 foreign economic relations, http://countrystudies.us/pakistan/47.htm, Aliyeva-is-presented-the--order-%E2%80%9CHilal-e-Pakistan%E2%80%9D--. (23.04.2012)

8 the diplomatic insight Bilateral relations between the two countries are also at a high level. This is evidenced by the visits of officials of the two countries. On October 9-11, 1995, Pakistani President Farooq Ahmad Khan Leghari, made a visit to Baku, Azerbaijan. Next year, on April 9-11, Azerbaijani President, Heydar Aliyev, made a reciprocated visit to Islamabad, Pakistan. Next official visits by the leaders of the both states were made on July 8-10, 2004 and on April 12-13, 2005, by the president of Pakistan Pervez Musharraf to Baku and the president of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev to Islamabad, respectively. There has been also a working visit to Azerbaijan on October 13-16, 2012 by President Asif Ali Zardari, when he participated at the 12th Summit meeting of OEC. The last official visit was recently paid by the President of Pakistan Mamnoon Hussain in Baku on March 11-14. As a result of all of these visits, series of agreements were signed, covering cooperation in the whom 25 from Pakistan) engaged in agriculture, industry, areas such as tourism, trade, customs, military, transport, construction, health, ICT and other sectors, looked for humanitarian, tourism, education, science, technology opportunities in order to expand contacts between business security and combating narcotics trafficking and circles of both states and to create opportunities for mutual 12 international terrorism. investment and joint ventures.14

Despite the fact that relations between Pakistan and In general, already now there are institutions that strengthen Azerbaijan are strategic in nature this fact has not the economic development of the two countries. The been reflected in the economic sphere. Both states do positive impact to the development of economic relations not sufficiently exploit the potential that they have. Given between the two countries can play was the representative the rapid economic growth in Azerbaijan in recent offices of the National Bank of Pakistan which was opened years and the fact that Pakistan has one of the major in Baku in 2005. At the moment, this branch provides a economies in Asian region, the current reality does not wide range of banking services, which also plays a role reflect the opportunities in the development of relations in accelerating the development of relations between between both countries. Thus, trade over between two Azerbaijan and Pakistan.15 states in 2014 stood at only US $ 2.8 million,13 which does not reflect the real potential of both countries. Azerbaijan The lack of necessary transport infrastructure and mainly imported agricultural products, mainly rice, geographical location are the main causes of undeveloped also some fruits and vegetables. In addition, Azerbaijan commercial relations between Azerbaijan and imported medical equipment, fixtures and drugs, packaging Pakistan. Given that Azerbaijan does not have access to materials, textiles, plastic articles. In turn, Pakistan imports the open seas, there is a need for a trade through third from Azerbaijan, cotton, aluminum, telecommunication countries, and this increases the cost of imported products, equipment, plastic articles. and consequently reduces its competitiveness. In this way it`s needed to be develop air and land links between the The development of economic relations between the two two countries. The main problem is that there are no direct countries has been one of the central themes in during flights between these two states and transportation are the President Mamnoon Hussain visit to Baku. Both carried out through the territories of the third countries.16 states signed a joint declaration on strategic partnership which will give impetus to the development of relations Actually Pakistani and Azerbaijani national airlines, in all spheres. Thus, during this visit the Azerbaijani respectively, PIA and AZAL made direct flights between Chamber of Commerce and Industry and the Pakistani the two countries. However, in May 2008, these flights have Federation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry signed been suspended in view of insufficient number of the a memorandum of understanding. This memorandum will passengers and high oil prices.17 The Pakistan president play a role of catalyst which will bring impetus for the sees a solution of this problem with invitation of Turkish economic relations between the two states. Additionally, Airlines (THY) to start a flight from Ankara or Istanbul to Azerbaijan-Pakistan Business Forum kicked off in Baku on March 12, where more than hundred businessmen (among 14 Azerbaijan, Pakistan to create new collaboration format, 12.03.2015, http://www. azernews.az/azerbaijan/78983.html. 15 Bank Haqqinda Ümumi Məlumat, www.nbp.az. 12 Azerbaijan-Pakistan Relations, Official site of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of 16 Pakistan to raise economic relations level with Azerbaijan, 13.08.2011, `Balo- Azerbaijan Republic, http://www.mfa.gov.az/files/file/Azerbaijan_-_Pakistan_re- chistan Times` http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Pakistan+to+raise+economic+relati lations_08.08.2014.pdf. ons+level+with+Azerbaijan.-a0264413881. 13 Azerbaijan, Pakistan to create new collaboration format, 12.03.2015, http://www. 17 Jassim Taqui, Shikarov to revolutionize Azeri-Pak ties, 15.03.2012, http://www. azernews.az/azerbaijan/78983.html. jassimtaqui.com/2012/03/shikarov-to-revolutionize-azeri-pak.html.

the diplomatic insight 9 Baku and then to Islamabad or Karachi in Pakistan. In his cooperation can play that President Ilham Aliyev already interview to the Azernews President Mamnoon mentioned ordered to build a station to generate 1000 megawatt of that he already talked to the Turkish Prime Minister Ahmed electricity in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Similar Davudoglu about this issue. He added that, Prime Minister projects would be implemented in the future.22 Moreover, Davudoglu instructed the THY to start the flight.18 The given the experience of Pakistan the joint ventures for truth is that THY also interested in begin flights between the production of pharmaceutical and surgical goods Baku and Islamabad via Istanbul. may base in Azerbaijan.23 Through active line on the development of economic relations, both countries hope to Pakistan is interested in buying cotton from Azerbaijan achieve over ten year’s trade turnover of US $ 10 billion for its textile industry, while can export finished textile per year.24 products in Azerbaijan, where Pakistani textile brands famous and popular even during the Soviet period, sugar Pakistan and Azerbaijan are also paying increasingly more and medical with this high demand. In addition, Azerbaijan attention to the cooperation in military sphere. Thus, there could benefit from the opportunities to use the port is a room for the development of military relations. These of Karachi, as a place of storage for own products for relations are governed by the military treaty concluded in export to the Asian countries.19 Azerbaijan and Pakistan 2003, which covers the cooperation in almost every field, can play a vital role as a hubs to transport energy resources including training and military production. Moreover, from landlocked Central Asian States to European and every year the countries sign a “defense cooperation Asian markets, respectively, contributing to the energy plan on activities and events scheduled for the following security of the countries in the both regions, whether year”. 25 As President Ilham Aliyev mentioned during producer or consumer countries. Azerbaijan, along with his meeting with Pakistani President Mamnoon Hussain: being itself a significant supplier of oil and natural gas, can “We want to combine our efforts to gain access to modern contribute (and indeed contributing to some extend) to the technologies, as well as have more opportunities to work flow of the Central Asian resources to the European markets together in the fields of research, science and defense bypassing Russia, which is important for both regions’ technology”.26Earlier, on November 2014, Minister of states. To this regard Pakistan may play the same crucial Defense of Azerbaijan Republic Zakir Hasanov paid role in delivering Central Asian resources to the Asian official visit to Pakistan. During this visit, two parts have Markets, especially to India. Currently different projects discussed about the prospect of cooperation in this field.27 are being discussed to export hydrocarbon resources from Central Asia in both directions: over Azerbaijan to Europe ateral relations between Pakistan and Azerbaijan traces and over Pakistan to India. upward line in 23 years. The two states enjoyed high level of political, diplomatic and humanitarian relations Azerbaijan and Pakistan believe that the deep study of throughout these years. Both states actively cooperate in the problems that hinder economic development between international arena and supported each others’ position on the parties, can be increased many times the volume of the platform of international organizations. The sustainably trade between countries in the near future.20 There are ample intensive relations in political sphere also find its reflection opportunities for investment in the production of oil and in military cooperation: wide range of military cooperation natural gas in Pakistan, particularly in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is undertaken in spheres such as training the army personnel province and Baluchistan by Azerbaijan. As Pakistan faces and purchase of military equipment’s including aircrafts. the challenge of providing energy and gas shortages However, the same pace of development cannot be seen in in the country and that could be overcome by trading the sphere of economic and trade relations. Trade turnover with Azerbaijan. For example, in the province of has been remaining in an unacceptably low level, whereas Sindh is currently experiencing an energy crisis and the the states have interested in the production and the services government of the province invites Azerbaijan investors to provided by each other including those in which they can invest into the construction of small power plants works on enjoy comparative advantage through interstate trade. gas and alternative energy.21 Nevertheless, with the official visit of Pakistani President Mamnoon Hussain, both states will develop new initiatives With extensive experience in this field, Azerbaijan to facilitate and strengthen the economic relations with the could contribute to the development of energy sector purpose to achieve the desired levels of cooperation. in the brotherly country. A specific example of the

22 Jassim Taqui, Shikarov to revolutionize Azeri-Pak ties, ibid. 18 President says Azerbaijani-Pakistani cooperation to promote fantastic progress, 23 Pakistan-Azerbaijan to strengthen bilateral cooperation , 29.02.2012, http:// 16.03.2015, http://www.azernews.az/azerbaijan/79080.html. www.brecorder.com/pakistan/business-a-economy/47702-pakistan-azerbaijan-to- 19 Pakistan to Enhance Trade with Azerbaijan, MTT News, http://www.markthet- strengthen-bilateral-cooperation-.html. ruth.com/world/1781-pakistan-to-enhance-trade-with-azerbaijan.html. 24 Jassim Taqui, Shikarov to revolutionize Azeri-Pak ties, ibid. 20 ’Unlimited trade potential between Pakistan, Azerbaijan’, 12.01.2012, http:// 25 “Azerbaijan and Pakistan: An Interview with H.E. Mr. Abdul Hamid, ibid, pp. www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2012%5C01%5C12%5Csto 1-4. ry_12-1-2012_pg5_15. 26 Azerbaijan, Pakistan to create new collaboration format, ibid. 21 əəəəəəəə призывает азербайджанских инвесторов к вложениям в экономику стран, 14.12.2011, http:// 27 Azerbaijani Defense Minister on visit to Pakistan, 18.11.2014, http://en.apa.az/ www.trend.az/capital/business/1980011.html. xeber_azerbaijani_defense_minister_on_visit_to_219116.html.

10 the diplomatic insight Pakistan-Azerbaijan Relations –Reaching a New Momentum and New Spring Muhammad Asif Noor Director, Institute of Peace and Diplomatic Studies, Islamabad, Pakistan

pring of relationship between Islamabad and Baku further the civilians in Khojaly city and urged international Sblossomed when President of Pakistan Mr.Mamnoon community to fulfill the resolutions of the UN Security Hussain visited Azerbaijan during a four day official visit to Council. On the other hand, despite having diplomatic brotherly country. The love was in the air and congeniality links with India, Azerbaijan has always been supportive of relations took new shape and heights during and after to Pakistan’s stand on Kashmir issue and has always stood the visit. Four MoUs of bilateral cooperation were signed by Pakistan on every international and regional forum. while President Mamnoon Hussain had also conferred Both countries have always supported each other on the Pakistan’s highest civil award of “Hilal-e-Pakistan” upon international arena. the First Lady of Azerbaijan, Madam Mehriban Aliyeva, in recognition of her services to the people of Pakistan and Several significant headways have been achieved during the continuous humanitarian work, spanning over a decade, by visit of President of Pakistan in the field of economics. One her organization “Hyder Aliyev Foundation” in Kashmir giant step was the establishment of Pakistan-Azerbaijan and other parts of Pakistan. President of Pakistan was Business Forum and then later its inauguration during the also given honorary doctorate degree in recognition of visit. The aim of the forum is meant to enhance economic the outstanding contributions to enhancing friendship and linkages between businessmen of both countries hence cooperation. Ambassadors of both countries Mr.Dashgin having positive impact over the future of relations. It was Shikarov and Mr.Khalid Usman Qaiser also deserve the explored that there are several sectors where businessmen praise for their outstanding contribution for making this from both sectors can come together to explore several visit a success, for both countries. Several high level talks sectors like defense equipment, oil and gas, garments, were held between officials of Pakistan and Azerbaijan construction material, pharmacy, agriculture, and other including business forum and discussions were done to fields. In the joint declaration also there was a strong urge expand bilateral cooperation in diverse sectors particularly to enhance cooperation in trade, investment, transport, trade, economy and strategic partnership of both countries tourism, education and science and technology. Pakistan at various levels. President of Pakistan was accompanied can learn from the experience of Azerbaijan in oil and gas by the Federal Minister for Defense Productions, senior sector hence improve the quality of energy sector. On the officers of different ministries and around forty Pakistani other hand, Azerbaijan can benefit from textile, garments industrialists and traders. The businessmen were from and pharmaceutical sector. the field of energy, textile, pharmaceutical, sports, infrastructure, construction material, surgical instruments, food products and leather good. A joint declaration was issued after the meeting of both Presidents.

Pakistan and Azerbaijan are having exceptional relations since the inception of relations. These are based on cultural, history, traditions, political, economic, religious and strategic partnership and sense of togetherness that began when Pakistan became the second country after Turkey which recognized the independence of Azerbaijan. Pakistan has also, in its clear terms, extended support to Azerbaijan’s positions on the issue of Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Pakistan has always condemned Armenia’s hostile and aggressive policy and is not having any diplomatic relations with Armenia due to occupation of lands of Azerbaijan. Pakistan was also the first country to adopt a parliamentary resolution that strongly condemns the genocide committed by Armenian armed units against

the diplomatic insight 11 Review of the history of relations reflect that it was based on because of several efforts made at governments level but solid grounds and aims of getting closer to each other through there is now a wide sense of urge is emerging from people various steps including high level visits, joint ministerial from sides to enhance cooperation at several levels. Pakistan meeting and establishment of Pakistan –Azerbaijan and Azerbaijan are also cooperating in defense field where Friendship Forum. First ever high level meeting took place in military cooperation agreement has been signed in 2003. in October 1995 when President of Pakistan Sardar Faruk The nature of relations is also strategic since both states Ahmad Khan Legari visited Azerbaijan and later the then face the similar threats and challenges at various levels. President of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev paid an official This was also endorsed during the recent visit of the visit to Pakistan in April 1996. In ECO Summit, 2000, in President of Pakistan to Baku to turn the relationship into Tehran and 2002, in Istanbul, President of both countries strategic partnership. The relations between Azerbaijan met and later during the 58th session of the UN General and Pakistan are being successfully developed under the Assembly held in 2003, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan and “Agreement on Defense and Military Cooperation” signed President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan met. Several by the Governments of the two countries. significant agreements had also been signed between the countries to provide a framework for bilateral cooperation Universities of Azerbaijan and Pakistan have opened their in all spheres, especially in the trade and commerce. Joint admissions for students from both countries. Azerbaijan ministerial commission was also established to further has also offered to support needy students within Pakistani enhance the cooperation between the countries. Pakistan Universities by providing them financial assistance for offered assistance in financial sector, particularly banking, completing education within Universities Nakhchivan development of textiles and micro-financing. Similarly, State University has offered support to two Pakistani Pakistan could benefit from Azerbaijan’s experience in students who are completing their studies in Nakhchivan. energy and development of petroleum sector. As agreed, Several other students have also made their destination Pakistan established a subsidiary branch of National Bank to Baku for completing their studies in Medicine and of Pakistan in Baku. Both countries intend to increase other fields. In the field of culture and literature, visit of trade volume and there is legal base for cooperation. Till Azerbaijan musical troupe in 2005 to Pakistan and their today more than 30 documents on cooperation were signed performance for the high officials of country and public in between the two countries. The reason behind the low level general, opened way for the future cooperation in the future. of economic cooperation is basically the absence of direct The publication of books in Urdu and English regarding flights between Azerbaijan and Pakistan. Governments of literature of Azerbaijan by the Embassy of Azerbaijan in both sides are also working on to have opening of these Islamabad served for the exchange of handwritings and direct links. After direct and one-to-one talks between cooperation between national libraries of two countries. businessmen, the options are bright and sky is the limit to Activities of Pakistan-Azerbaijan Friendship Association expand cooperation at all levels of business. in this regard are appreciable. Recently National Book Foundation in cooperation with Embassy of Azerbaijan Although in early years the trend for economic cooperation established Nizami Ghanjavi Corner to exhibit the life was not satisfactory but now it has an upward direction and work of the great national poet of Azerbaijan. It is also heartwarming that Embassy of Azerbaijan is also cooperating with Pakistan Bait ul Mall for Philanthropic ways of supporting the needy citizens of Pakistan. We have also seen that Azerbaijani brothers and sisters opened their hearts during the Earthquake of 2005 and later in devastating floods of 2010 and other calamities. For these kinds of activities, Hyder Aliyev Foundation has remained quite active and supportive. The cooperation is expanding and several new fields have been explored to enhance partnerships including education.

It is said, where there is will there is a way and since the nations on both sides have the strong urge to come closer together to cooperate and enhance partnership. There is no reason and doubt that Pakistani and Azeri nation are one nation and one soul, they are closer to each other and will remain so by achieving various cooperation milestones. It is only the will of the people that will prevail.

12 the diplomatic insight between the two countries. Pakistan and Azerbaijan have TRENDS IN highlighted the significance of a strategic alliance between the two countries. The two sides have agreed to strengthen their ties in security, trade, investment, transport, tourism, AZERBAIJAN- education, science and technology. There is a strong perception among the public of the two PAKISTAN countries that they are victims of aggression in Jammu and Kashmir and Nagorno-Karabakh. Pakistan and Azerbaijan RELATIONS stress the the need for resolution of the issues of Kashmir ST and Nagorno-Karabakh. One of the most important foreign policy priorities of the Republic of Azerbaijan is related IN THE 21 to the settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. President Mamnoon Hussain of Pakistan in his recent visit CENTURY to Azerbaijan has stated that Pakistan would continue to Prof. Dr. Zahid Anwar support Azerbaijan on the conflict of Nagorno-Karabakh, Department of Political Science expressing gratitude on Azerbaijan’s support on the core University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan issue of Jammu and Kashmir. Efforts are underway to increase cooperation in the field of he bonds of brotherhood between Azerbaijan and oil and gas and to explore avenues for further cooperation Pakistan are based on common history, culture, T between relevant companies of the two countries. The values and way of life. Pakistan and Azerbaijan have two countries are strengthening their ties in transforming cordial relations from the outset. When Azerbaijan burgeoning political goodwill into concrete cooperation in became independent after the disintegration of the USSR the fields of trade, investment, defense, education, culture, it has strengthened its relations with the Muslim World. science and technology. Azerbaijan is located in Trans-Caucasian region and there are two other states in the region i.e., Armenia and Pakistan is helping in the training of diplomats from Georgia. Azerbaijan was declared an independent state in Azerbaijan and is happy to provide training to diplomats 18th October 1991. from Azerbaijan at its Foreign Service Academy. The Ambassador of Pakistan in Azerbaijan frequently deliver The priorities of the Republic of Azerbaijan’s foreign lecture at Azerbaijan Diplomatic Academy University, policy include removal of all the threats directed against the Baku. Pakistan would like to have more young diplomats independence of Azerbaijan, provision of national security, from Azerbaijan that would result in better understanding prevention of separatism and making allies in the region and friendship between the two countries. and around the world for this purpose; setting up of the effective cooperation with the World Bank, International Azerbaijan and Pakistan have realized that collaboration Monetary Fund, and the World Trade Organization. in the field of defense will benefit both the countries. The Azerbaijan’s foreign policy priorities also include the Azerbaijan-Pakistan Working Group holds its meetings establishment of norms of civilized co-existence, to take from time to time. In its fifth meeting in Islamabad the an active part in increasing the activity of international two sides have signed a military cooperation plan for organizations like the UN, OSCE, NATO to ensure peace 2014 and have also discussed military and military- and security in the region and around the world. technical cooperation. About the cooperation in the field of defense between the two countries the media coverage Pakistan has convergence of interests with Azerbaijan. also highlights an agreement with Azerbaijan regarding the Azerbaijan and Pakistan enjoy strategic partnership purchase of at least 24 JF-17 fighters estimated at about relations. Pakistan was the second country to recognize $17m each. Azerbaijan after Turkey and Pakistan is among the first countries to open an embassy in Baku. Both countries are “Pakistan gives very importance to its relations with full members of the Economic Cooperation Organization Azerbaijan” said Khalid Osman, Pakistan Ambassador (ECO) and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation to Azerbaijan during a dinner in honour of Azerbaijan (OIC). OIC supports Azerbaijan on the Nagorno-Karabakh diplomats which his Excellency hosted in Pakistan conflict. Recently in March 2015 when Mumnoon Hussain, Embassy in Baku. On the occasion Osman Khalid Kayser the President of Pakistan visited Azerbaijan the decision who had been rector of Pakistan Diplomatic Academy also makers were focused on the following points. The told the author that Pakistan is playing an important role in inauguration of the Pakistan-Azerbaijan Business Forum is training the Azerbaijan diplomats. aimed at exploring ways to further expand business relations

the diplomatic insight 13 The constitutional history of Pakistan has underscored that signing various business agreements in near future. the people of Pakistan have given tremendous sacrifices There tremendous potential and joint strategies should be to make Pakistan a stable democracy. In the 21st century devised to significantly increase and diversify the two-way democracy has strengthened in Pakistan. The interaction trade between the two states. In his recent visit to Azerbaijan between the representatives of people should be increased. President Mumnoon Hussain turned the attention of Azeri There is need to increase people-to-people contacts between businessmen to take advantage of investor friendly policies the two countries it will prepare ground for durable relations of Pakistan, the president elaborated that Pakistan offers between Azerbaijan and Pakistan. The Parliamentary a liberal investment policy, which includes, 100 per cent Friendship Group in the two parliaments could promote equity ownership, full repatriation of capital, tax breaks and friendship between the two countries. Close cooperation customs duty concessions on import of plant, machinery between the parliamentarians of the two countries, and raw materials. Another way to strengthen bonds which could play an important role in supplementing between Azerbaijan and Pakistan is to expand cooperation governmental efforts to strengthen relations. There is need at regional economic organizations’ level. of greater interaction of traders, industrialists and investors of two countries to hold useful and productive discussions Azerbaijan is diversifying its economy. Both states should on different sectors of mutual interest. also collectively work on legal tax regime in order to avoid double taxation. The recent developments spotlight the Recently as a gesture of goodwill Baku State University has likelihood of Azerbaijan investment in the mega projects conferred an honorary doctorate degree on the president undertaken by the government of Pakistan, particularly in of Pakistan. a journey of a thousand miles begins with a the fields of energy and infrastructure. Gwadar deep sea port single step. The Baku State University has established in Pakistan and the Baku new port at Alyat in Azerbaijan Urdu Department. It’s the little things that count. Nezami are two important developments in this respect. Road and Ganjavi (Azeri poet and philosopher, 1141 - c.1209) is rail infrastructure development amongst countries of the considered the greatest romantic epic poet in Persian region was the key to regional integration for attaining literature. He is the author of classic love story of Layla and collective socio-economic development. Majnun. He says. “In the hour of adversity be not without hope, For crystal rain falls from black clouds.”National Azerbaijan is taking steps to make itself hub of regional Book Foundation of Pakistan has set up a section in its transportation. Pakistan has embarked on a mega project of building to pay tribute to Azeri poet Nizami Ganjvi and the construction of physical infrastructural linkages between foundation was publishing his books. the South and Central Asian Regions. Cooperation between the two countries in this respect will be a great leap forward Azerbaijan is oil rich country and is trying to develop its economic development. Ethnically majority of the people human resources. Pakistan can help Azerbaijan in the of Azerbaijan belong to Turkic stock of people. Turkey development of its human resources in different fields. has close relations with Azerbaijan and Pakistan has also Both countries can take to new heights and can further close relations with Turkey. This triangular relationship is strengthen economic relations through firm and solid reinforcing the relations between Pakistan and Azerbaijan. collective efforts. Pakistan has focused on the infrastructure for industrial development. Industrial development Pakistani textile and pharmaceutical products complied requires energy. Indigenous resources of energy are not with international standards and were exported all over sufficient. Azerbaijan’s expertise in the field of oil and the world. Azerbaijan can benefit from importing these gas exploration, extraction and refining could potentially products. Azerbaijan is going to host European Olympics bring great benefits to Pakistan. Azerbaijan President in June 2015 and Pakistan produces world-class sports Ilham Heydar Aliyev has said that Azerbaijan would assist goods, used in mega sports events around the world. Pakistan in its energy sector. In this connection there are Azerbaijan could consider importing sports goods from vast opportunities for investment and Azeri investors can Pakistan, particularly footballs for the forthcoming soccer take advantage of it. tournament. There is no denying the fact that Pakistan’s geography, Pakistan and Azerbaijan have developed multi-dimensional 180 million people, burgeoning middle class and existence relations on the solid and shared historical, geographic, of large coal deposits offered enormous opportunities for cultural and civilizational ties. The natural feelings of foreign investment. Pakistan business community can oneness between the two people were timely utilized by export pharmaceutical products, surgical instruments, the decision makers at the helm of affairs. Pakistan and sports goods, defense equipment, ready-made garments, Azerbaijan are two important links in the New Silk Road. rice, fruits and seafood to the markets of Azerbaijan. In the context of the New Silk Road Project both sides are Fruitful discussions and commitment to expand cooperation transforming their relationship into concrete benefits for between private sectors of two countries would result into the people of the countries.

14 the diplomatic insight Calligraphic Exhibition “ Colors of Peace and Harmony”

mbassy of Azerbaijan and Institute of Peace and promoting the peace and harmonious nature of Pakistani EDiplomatic Studies has jointly organized Calligraphic people and Pakistan to the world. Exhibition of renowned Artist Mr.Azeem Iqbal titled “ Colors of Peace and Harmony” at Pakistan National The exhibition remained open for two days from morning Council of Arts, Islamabad. While addressing the occasion till evening and the work of the artist was on sale for the Mr.Muhammad Azam, Federal Secretary, Ministry of Art lovers from far and wide. Information, Broadcasting and National Heritage said that such events would further strengthen the cultural bond Ambassadors, Diplomats, members of civil society between Azerbaijan and Pakistan. He praised the works including media, academicians, artists and students have of the Artist for his outstanding innovations and use of also taken keen interest in the Exhibition. various mediums to promote not only the great traditional art but also the softer image of Pakistan also. He said that organizing such events not only provide opportunity for friendly exchanges but also promote unity, harmony, peace and cultural awareness. The art of calligraphy, which has a significant place in Islamic history, had caused an interest of many artists.

While talking earlier, H.E. Mr.Dasghin Shikarov, Ambassador of Azerbaijan to Pakistan said that Azerbaijan and Pakistan share various historical traditions, cultural heritage and through the dynamics of sharing these kinds of knowledge and promoting the artist, the relationship between the countries is actually reaching to a manifold.

Ms.Farhat Asif, President Institute of Peace and Diplomatic Studies, highlighted the objective of organizing such an event. She said that this event is meant to promote the Artist and improving their visibility to the world hence International Conference on “Turkmenistan’s Policy of Permanent Neutrality

mbassy of Turkmenistan and Institute of Peace trade facilitation bodies should play an effective role in Eand Diplomatic Studies jointly organized One Day creating linkages and synergies and to work jointly work International Conference on “Turkmenistan’s Policy for removing trade barriers, including liberalization of visa of Permanent Neutrality” in Islamabad. Mr.Sartaj regime for diplomats, officials and businessmen. Has said Aziz, Advisor to Prime Minister on National Security that Turkmenistan has made impressive strides in human & Foreign Affairs graced the occasion as Chief Guest. and socio-economic development and respect for other While addressing the gathering he said Turkmenistan has people, their culture and traditions, culture and tolerance as made impressive strides in human and socio-economic basic criteria for neutrality has acquired a new importance development and respect for other people, their culture and in the norms of foreign policy and diplomacy. traditions. He said that regional connectivity can become the most important driver of continuous growth for developing Two member delegation from Turkmenistan including countries of South and Central Asia in this decade. He H.E Mr.Sapar Berdiniyazov, Ambassador at Large has emphasized on greater economic cooperation and of Turkmenistan and Mr. Esen Aydogdyev, Rector, trade reflects fully level of our political relations and the International University for Humanity and Development, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan participated in the Conference. Mr.Tariq Osman Hyder , first Ambassador to Turkmenistan made his Key note address at the inaugural session. The daylong conference had two academic sessions and a concluding session. Sardar Awais Ahmed Khan Leghari, Chairman, National Assembly Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs concluded the conference with his remarks by saying that there is uniqueness in neutrality of Turkmenistan as it is being endorsed by the UN and international community in a joint declaration. Pakistan is supporting the country’s foreign policy standpoint. The conference day was remarkable and unique as the permanent neutrality status of Turkmenistan was announced here in Islamabad 20 years ago when Turkmenistan announced its foreign policy discourse on 15th March, 1995 in ECO summit in Islamabad at the same venue. Relations, University of Peshawar spoke on the occasion about the Neutrality Policy of Turkmenistan and provided Academicians including Dr.Tahir Amin, Director, National in-depth objective analysis of the country’s position in Institute of Pakistan Studies, QAU, Islamabad. Prof.Dr. the contemporary world and regional politics highlighting Sarfraz Khan, Director, Areas Study Centre, University various issues related to the subject. of Peshawar, Dr.Khalid Manzoor Butt, Chairperson, Department of Political Science, College University The Conference was attended by the large number of Lahore, Mr.Muhammad Asif Noor, Director, Institute diplomats, journalists, academicians and member of civil of Peace and Diplomatic Studies, Dr.Saiman Kayani, society from far and wide. Chairperson, Department of Defence and Diplomatic Studies, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Dr.Lubna Abid Ali, Professor, School of Politics and International Relations, Quaid-i-Azam University, Dr.Muhammad Khan Raja, HoD, Department of International Relations, NDU and Dr.Adnan Khan, HoD, Department of International

Launching Ceremony of Pakistan-Shanghai Cooperation Organization Friendship Forum H.E Mr.Sun Weidong, Chinese Ambassador in his remarks was of the view that China is always supporting Pakistan in its full membership to SCO and is working on to have Pakistan-China Economic Corridor –a mega project that would not only support Pakistan but also strengthen regional connectivity. China and Pakistan are working together for the prosperity and development of the region. Pakistan and China enjoy deep rooted linkages and relationship based on mutual trust and congeniality which will increase manifold in the near future.

While highlighting aims and objectives of the Forum, Ms.Farhat Asif, President, Institute of Peace and Diplomatic he Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is an Studies said the forum is focused on six E’s i.e. Education, Timportant regional organization, and Pakistan can play Energy, Economy, Empowerment, Entrepreneurship and a more active and constructive role as a full member to Environment to explore the possibilities of developing achieve the goals like fighting extremism and terrorism. deep rooted linkages within the SCO member countries and This was stated by Envoys from the SCO member states benefiting Pakistan and its citizens through “Connecting while addressing the launching Ceremony of Pakistan People and Providing Opportunities”. She added the forum Shanghai Cooperation Organization Friendship Forum – is meant to develop people to people and organizational an initiative of Institute of Peace and Diplomatic Studies. partnerships, explore and mobilize resources and provide While speaking on the occasion, Mr.Ahmad Farooq, opportunities to enhance multilateral level cooperation Principal Secretary to the President of Pakistan said that it hence engaging youth, women, civil society and business is the need of the time that we should work on to enhance groups from Pakistan with all the member countries of partnership while respecting and endorsing diversity of SCO. Hence, further the objective of peace, prosperity, each other. He said that as this is going to be an Asian development and cooperation within the region in order Century however the regional and world powers cannot to fight against three evils “Terrorism, Extremism and ignore Pakistan in any kind of framework that rests on the Separatism” together. The aim also is to raise awareness peace and development within the geographical arena of about the potential of SCO within Pakistan and jointly SCO. address the issues of the societies, covered by the SCO member states, through improved public engagement and Ambassador of Tajikistan Sherali Jononov has said that diplomacy. members of the SCO were cooperating with each other to fight extremism and terrorism in the region to ensure stability and security where role of Pakistan is significant. Pakistan as observer had been playing a very important role in the SCO and expressed the hope that as full member of the SCO, Pakistan would be able to play a proactive role in the organization.

Russian Federation Envoy to Pakistan H.E Mr.Alexey Dedov said Russia always supported Pakistan for permanent membership status at the SCO so that it could play a more active role in this organization. He said Russia as president of the SCO for the current year had prepared a comprehensive agenda that included enhancing connectivity to fighting terrorism and extremism through more cooperation to ensure security. He expressed the hope that Pakistan would get full membership of the SCO in its next head of states meetings being held in Russia in July this year. of Azerbaijan. Particularly, Pakistan’s overwhelming support to Azerbaijan’s position in the Nagorno-Karabakh The conflict by demanding full release of territory occupied by Armenia; Pakistan is the only country in the world that still doesn’t recognize state of Armenia. Reciprocally, Preface of Azerbaijan’s fully fledged support to Pakistan’s stance over Kashmir dispute by claiming rights of plebiscite according to United Nations’ resolutions to be held in Kashmir brings Pakistan- both the nations closer to each other. Since the time of establishment of relations, Pakistan- Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Joint Ministerial Commission has also been established. More than 30 Memorandum of Understandings (MOU’s) have been signed however most of them have Relations not been implemented. Several summits have also been held through Friends Association to promote cultural and Muhammad Bilal Khan economic cooperation. Highly official military talks have Researcher at Institute of Peace and also been organized to strengthened strategic aliens and Diplomatic Studies, Islamabad Azerbaijan is also holding talks to purchase JF-17 Thunder aircraft from Pakistan. Pakistan has also organized free ecent Visit of Pakistani President to Azerbaijan has courses initially for capacity development for a newly Rleft new hopes that cooperation in economic spheres established state and 44 diplomats of Azerbaijan have been will be brought to reality. trained from Pakistan Foreign Services Academy.

“For us Pakistan is one of our closest friends, and In fact, consistently moving toward the approach of ‘Two allies. The Declaration of Strategic Partnership signed Nations Same Pain’, having softer interest in each other between Azerbaijan and Pakistan is a milestone in further territorial conflicts today, both the nations are determinant development of our cooperation, relations.” These historical on wider economic, cultural, strategic cooperation and annotations are delivered by Mr. Ilham Aliyev, President more developed bilateral relations. On the other hand, of the Republic of Azerbaijan on the occasion when a Joint regardless to the development achieved in trade sector Declaration of Strategic Partnership is signed between in last 22 years both the nations have been observed him and the President of Islamic Republic of Pakistan, insufficient to look upon and to benefit each other while Mr. Mamnoon Hussein on March 13, 2015 during his maintaining their partnership policies; according to rough official visit to Azerbaijan. In return, President Mamnoon estimate, the trade volume in last five years has remained Hussein considers Joint Declaration is a great product of between USD 17 and 20 million. This does not satisfy the development of bilateral relations that both nations are, high level bilateral association between both nations and literally, the highest of cooperation, partnership and benefit even not meet the demand of economically transitioning from the level of brotherhood. regional and international politics. Even some observers Pakistan’s President Visit to Azerbaijan is of course from Pakistan view bilateral and diplomatic struggle on valuable to strengthen bilateral relations started twenty the approach of ‘Two Nations Same Pain’ is high priced two years ago because currently, international politics is for Pakistan. For instance, Pakistan is striving for the becoming more economic in its outlook so both nations membership of TRACECA (Transport Corridor Europe, need to offer more economic gains in this transitioning Caucuses and Asia) but Armenia being a member state of international arena. Before I present milestones achieved the treaty along with other members continuously opposes during recent visit of Pakistan’s President, I would like Pakistan’s entry into the treaty. Though Azerbaijan has to elaborate what both nations have gained in the journey held up for Pakistan’s membership but that cannot trounce of their 22 years old bilateral relations. Pakistan and the opposing influence. Since the establishment of Joint Azerbaijan share historically long traditions of cultural and Ministerial Commission, the officials could have organized ethnic affiliation which also dates back when both nations only six meetings. Analysts have been suggesting were part of the Persian Empire especially, because of admittedly, both the nations rather need to transfer more deep Turanian and Persian influences in the two countries. gains in the fields of trade, culture, education, research and However, Modern relations between the two nations were technology than relying more on strategic aliens. established when the republic of Azerbaijan incepted Let me turn spotlight on the recent Pakistani President independence following the collapse of the USSR; Visit to Azerbaijan which is of course a product of greater Pakistan was among the first countries to recognize status

the diplomatic insight 15 diplomatic struggle particularly made by Azerbaijan’s side. representatives of business circles as the format of Before this visit, Ambassador of Azerbaijan to Pakistan, cooperation is very effective and can give good results: “I Mr. Dasqin Sikarov has been seen active to partake and am sure that you are the first to raise the level of bilateral organize cultural events and been meeting high officials trade, talking about what would be imported”. to sustain Azerbaijan-Pakistan diplomatic relations. Particularly, support provided by the embassy of Azerbaijan President Mamnoon Hussein in his presidential address in the relief and rehabilitation work in some areas affected in Baku Business Forum accentuates the emergence to by flood is quite admirable. He was among the high level accelerate high level economics and trade cooperation officials who invited and received Pakistani President’s in order to meet the magnitudes of high level bilateral Delegation in Azerbaijan. Of course, agreements and relations. He further visualizes, “for the long term mutual declarations signed between two nations during this benefit of Pakistan and expert skills achieved in various visit are of greater importance and pushed up new hopes fields, can be offered. Pharmaceutical products, surgical that real progress in the fields of trade, infrastructure, instruments, sports goods, defence equipment, clothing education, research and technology will also be achieved. products, rice, fruits and seafood of high quality goods Nevertheless defence and ‘Two Nation Same Pain’ are such as Pakistan is ready to enter the Azerbaijani market again the main focus during this visit and meeting held in an efficient manner. At the same time, the oil and gas among the officials of both states; the only official massage exploration, production and refining capacity, expertise in issued by the Azerbaijan’s President mainly embarks the this field is the great benefit which Azerbaijan can offer to importance of Joint Declaration for Strategic Cooperation. Pakistan.” This along with Mr. Dasqin Sikarov in his media talks has been focusing on strategic aliens and admirably speaking Mr. Ilham Aliyev in his speech also mentions, Azerbaijan is on the Pakistan’s support to Azerbaijan’s stance over striving for Pakistani economic integration at regional and Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. He has further discussed in sub-regional level. In this process, Pakistan’s membership his media talks that Azerbaijan want to deliver benefit by to the Organization of Economic Cooperation, the Shanghai providing training to Pakistani Law Enforcement Agencies Cooperation Organization, Central Asia Regional Economic to counter terrorism in Pakistan. Exchange of prisoners has Cooperation in Central Asia and South Asia Regional also remained priority in officials talks held during this Electricity Energy Market as a regional intergovernmental visit. According to him, a delegation from the Ministry of platform is considered to be very important. He continues Interior will visit Azerbaijan in the coming months to sign that Azerbaijan is working on CASA 1000 project to an agreement to develop further strategic partnership in the supply electricity from Centeral Asia to South Asia. TAPI field of defence and security. In economic sphere; ashe (Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India Pipeline) is further mentions Azerbaijan is currently exporting energy also important that will sustain energy supply and can also products to Pakistan and in order to boost up volume of trade bring peace stability in the region. “We are, in my opinion, particularly in rice and textile imports, many businessmen not only in Pakistan, including the situation in the heart are visiting Azerbaijan covering many documents By of the region, trying to create change in China-Pakistan the end of 2015, by eliminating the existing problems in Economic Corridor. Thus noted by all of you, we are trying economic relations, the trade turn over between both the to make it reality and this in return will strengthen Pakistan countries will reach USD 300-400. and bring long tem prosperity and peace”.

In this regard, on March 12, 2015 in Azerbaijan- As for as the development in the field of culture and Pakistan Business Forum in Baku, a Memorandum of education is concerned, President Mamnoon Hussein is Understanding has been signed between Niyaz Alizadeh, invited by Baku State University (BSU) on March 13, 2015 Head of Azerbaijan Chamber of Commerce & Industry where he is awarded Honorary Doctorate degree by BSU and Muhammad Abdullah, Vice President the Federation for his contribution to the development of democracy and of Pakistan Chambers of Commerce and Industry. in the modern world of science.

The presidents of both states have also participated in Baku On the same day President Mamnoon Hussein also Business Forum and in their addresses both the counterparts officially visits Heydar Mosque. The Mosque is a great have been visualizing opportunities in various business master piece, constructed on the instruction of President sectors that both nations can offers to each other. Mr. Ilham Aliyev and has opened to public on December 26, Ilham Aliyev tremendously welcomes a large delegation of 2014. The unique Shirvan-Absheron architectural style of business community among Pakistani President and offers the mosque is covered with special stones, ornaments and to hire Pakistani contractor companies in the infrastructure architectural richness of the facade to create harmony. The development program going to be installed in Azerbaijan four 95-meter high minarets are built. The mosque covers in near future. He further emphasizes meetings between 12000 square meter area. According Ilham Aliyev, religious

16 the diplomatic insight solidarity and preserving rich Muslim heritage have always format a policy in which import tariff can be decreased been given priority in Azerbaijan national interest and he is on Pakistani products to attract Azerbaijani business also well familiar with strong commitment and attentions community to import goods from Pakistan. Possibly, in the of Pakistani Muslim to Islamic spiritual values. same way Pakistan can also benefit some of Azerbaijani products to enter the Pakistani market. On March 14, Pakistani President officially visited unique industrial complex in the South Caucasus - Sumgait As for instance, Pakistan also produces outstanding Technology Park (STP). sports products. This year 42 million soccer balls worth Rs17.473 million have been exported from Sialkot for the Admittedly, Pakistani President along with a large FIFA Football World Cup 2014 which was held in Brazil. delegation belonging to different spheres mainly high Pertaining to First European Games 2015 going to be held businessmen all are full heartedly welcomed in Azerbaijan. in Baku, almost 50 European countries are participating However analysis of the development achieved during this in this mega event. During recent talks in Baku Business visit definitely again takes turn in favour of Azerbaijan side. Forum, proposals might also be commenced by Pakistan On Pakistan side, more importance is diverted to transform for Azerbaijan to import sports good from Pakistan. strategic partnership into rapid growth of economic Nevertheless, nothing especial is heard for delivering trade cooperation. On Azerbaijan side, influential commitment initiatives to Pakistani sports industry during the whole again remains the Joint Declaration of Strategic Partnership, session of business forum. Exchange of Prisoners and cooperation in the field of security to train Pakistani Law Enforcements Agencies Awarding Honorary Doctorate Degree to Pakistani to counter terrorism as according to Mr. Dasqin Sikarov President is worth a great tribute however regardful to the in this regard an agreement will be signed between the efforts made to promote cooperation in the fields of culture, officials of both states in the coming months of this year. education, research and technology some agreements As for as the cooperation in the fields of business, culture, should have also been developed among the universities education and transfer of technology is concerned, only and institutes of both the countries which may create one document, MOU is signed on Baku Business Forum exchange opportunities; students, artists, researchers and and most of the dialogues in this regard remain expressions scientists may go to Azerbaijan to learn and to perform on of speeches from both sides. the basis of scholarships and funded programs.

Above all, Azerbaijan is a proven friend of Pakistan however Well recent visit of Pakistani President on the invitation strategic partnership is more favourable for Azerbaijan Azerbaijani government has initiated a new era in which because Pakistan is sustaining sufficiency in its defence both the states affirming more level-headed agenda to production sectors which have worthwhile attraction for transfer economic benefits. In my opinion, this time both the country having territorial conflict; Azerbaijan probably the partners should grab this opportunity with both hands aims to sustain its defence sector by attaining JF-17 and and implement MOU by a systematic and steady manners. other defence technologies. Pakistan may offer to export History is the best trainer; both nations should eliminate defence products and lead strategic cooperation. This will all the hurdles which they have experienced in the past and also be economical to earn for the state by selling aircrafts look forward by all possible means to achieve all on which and other defence equipments. However regardful to recent they are determinant today. Otherwise, MOU will turn into development brought by the Pakistani President Visit, this delay and after near future both the nations will look for time both nations particularly Azerbaijan really need to another diplomatic struggle to arrange some new meetings offer more direct and indirect benefits to the people of among the heads or high officials of the states and some both states to meet the high enormity of 22 years long new MOU will be signed again with new hopes and oaths. friendship. More than 30 MOUs have already been signed and most have remained unimplemented. This time again a single MOU is developed, this again more or less is seen insufficient to speed up slowly growing cooperation in the fields of business, education, research and technology. For instance, the current trade turn over is USD 20 million and the bigger portion of this goes to Azerbaijan by exporting energy products to Pakistan, how will this figure touch to USD 300-400 by the end of 2015? Well, both the nations rather more precisely need to define their terms of trade by binding each other in some trade agreements which allow them to transfer more economic gains; Azerbaijan may

the diplomatic insight 17 Enhancing trade with Azerbaijan Amna Malik

he recent visit of the Pakistani President to Azerbaijan countries. This was done in order to create an atmosphere of Thas great significance in multiple ways. It not only mutual attraction thus providing an incentive for investors. serves to enhance the country to country ties between Any investor coming to Pakistan would have the right to both nations but also aimed to broaden the business invest 100 percent of equity of his own and repatriate 100 and economic scope between the two countries people percent of profit into his own country. The Federations especially the business community. Further steps were of Chambers of Commerce and Industry of Pakistan and taken that showed Pakistan’s deep trust and interest in the Azerbaijan agreed to establish a joint council to promote Azerbaijan leadership by acknowledging their contribution business activities between the two countries. An MoU to towards Pakistan’s uplift. this effect was signed at the end of Pakistan-Azerbaijan Business Forum in Baku, which was also addressed by During the visit, the two presidents heldca tete-a-tete that President Mamnoon Hussain. was followed by delegation-level talks that focused on the need to review bilateral relations, including economic, Further, B2B meetings were arranged for the business trade and commerce, education, defense, science and community to enhance trade and commerce between two technology, culture and exchange of views on regional and countries. I was honored to be the part of the business international issues of mutual concern. Various MoUs and delegation and represented my country as a women agreements were signed during the visit. entrepreneur and attended business conferences. It is believed by both the countries that youth are the assets The President of Pakistan was accompanied by a business and by motivating this segment of the society will create a delegation from Pakistan that visited Azerbaijan during long term avenues for cooperation between the countries. which various MOUs were signed between two the The President of Azerbaijan displayed his pleasure at

18 the diplomatic insight the prospect of trade between both countries. The large fruitful outcome. delegation comprising of experts from all fields was welcomed. He expressed that the cooperation format such I also attended the dinner at the Royal Palace and met the as a business forum, which envisages meetings between First Lady and I found her an angel who has done a lot representatives of the business community, is very effective for humanity and who wants to work for the people of and can yield good results. Talks aimed at raising the level Pakistan. The president will also confer Pakistan’s highest of bilateral trade and about what can be imported from both civil award of Hilal-e-Pakistan upon the First Lady of countries. With the government acting as facilitator, it is Azerbaijan, Madam Mehriban Aliyeva, in recognition said that both countries ought to look at trade potentials. of her services to the people of Pakistan and continuous This will resultantly strengthen the economy of both. humanitarian work, spanning over a decade. The visit of President Mamnoon Hussain has been termed as a platform Further, Pakistani companies were asked to review to provide an opportunity for further strengthening of opportunities in Azerbaijan. In particular, this applies to bilateral cooperation between the two countries. the import-dependent sectors of Azerbaijan’s economy, because the market is growing. Azerbaijan was interested Azerbaijan has always supported Pakistan in its difficult in seeing Pakistani companies as contractors. There were times such as during the 2005 earthquake and during the presentations of infrastructure projects that were being 2011 floods. It has also built schools and is bound to continue implemented, mainly in Baku and the regions. Due to with such developmental projects in the future. Similarly, the development of these regions they have opened Pakistan too had supported Azerbaijan in the Nagorno- new opportunities in the countryside and have already Karabakh conflict. Also, Pakistan was one of the countries implemented two programs. Also, a third program had been which first recognized Azerbaijan as an independent initiated, thus the requirement of foreign investors. This, country. Also, Multan Saray in the heart of Baku exhibits however, offers a broad and lucrative agenda for foreign century long economic ties between the two nations. investors in Azerbaijan, that both countries can accomplish Commonality in religious practices also strengthens ties together. They can also consider establishing joint ventures between both countries. Further, on political and strategic in important sectors of the economies both in Pakistan and front both countries find several complementarities of Azerbaijan. This way both countries can appreciate mutual concerns. Another strong characteristic that has brought investment programs. I want to say again that we have to Pakistan and Azerbaijan closer is the leadership of both make the best use of the excellent political relations to countries. create good business opportunities.

After the visit of Pakistani President Mamnoon Hussain to In case of Pakistan and Azerbaijan there are more than Azerbaijan, the exchange will be further enhanced. Pakistan one converging points which form basis to pursue national and Azerbaijani youth are bonded through this initiative to interests collectively. The potential that both offer each have shared objective of joining hands together to enhance other is substantial and bound to have a far reaching and their cooperation in various fields and at all levels. Since colossal impact upon the economy of both countries. I am carrying additional portfolio of being Vice President Pakistan provides a sizeable market for Azerbaijan for PML N Youth Wing Punjab I was invited to celebrate the export of oil, natural gas and electricity whereas Nuroz by the Minister of Culture and was presented with Azerbaijan is a good destination for Pakistani industrial a silver Medal by the Deputy Minister of Youth Affairs. and agricultural goods. Exchange programs and visits, both This shows a great compassion between both nations to on state and individual levels are being carried out that has appreciate and promote the unique culture that both nations become valuable in strengthening bilateral relations. are a part of. Further, insightful discussions over cultural exchange program between the two countries resulted in

the diplomatic insight 19 elicitations were all over when the Central Election FCommission of Uzbekistan (CEC) announced the names March 29 of candidates participating in the Presidential Election scheduled for March 29, 2015. Contestants including the incumbent president Islam Karimov of the Liberal Presidential Democratic Party, Khatamzhon from Peoples Democratic Party, Narimon Umarov of the Social Democratic Party and Akmal Saidov of the Democratic Party (Mili Tiklanish Elections [National Renaissance])National Renaissance have already started campaigning in media and through public debates. OSCE/ODIHR, considerably satisfied with the efficient and performance of the December Parliamentary Elections will be sending a limited observer mission. Additionally, this time CEC is inviting independent monitors to observe Regional electoral arrangements besides the polling on the Election Day. security The incumbent president seems to have an advantage over others for having leaded the people in their most difficult times since early independence and have leaded the country in Central with a fast economic and sociopolitical development and safeguarding the country from extremism and terrorism. All candidates have their own electoral manifestos, however, Asia considering the relatively tough regional geopolitics, Professor Dr. Aftab Kazi unpredictable scenarios of the post-US troop drawdown Senior Fellow of the Central Asia-Caucasus from Afghanistan and evolving threats of ISIS terror to Institute based at SAIS. Central Asia making national and regional security major election issues translating into foreign policy arenas. It

20 the diplomatic insight appears that the decision to contest elections for president against terrorism and together with SCO maintains a major Karimov was a difficult one at the behest party and public anti-terrorism center which has already foiled reportedly pressure that he must be anchoring Uzbekistan under these 1600 hundred plus terror attempts so far throughout the very difficult geopolitical times ahead, just as he did during region. It is time to formally acknowledge the contributions the similarly tough times after independence. The foreign of Uzbekistan as an active partner in the war on terror in policy mottos of Uzbekistan derive its strength from Afghanistan and region wide. Highly unlikely, but the national Constitution and the Uzbek model of economic constant instability in Afghanistan, whatever its feeds, will and political development that concentrates upon balanced be complicating the security situation not only in Central multi-vector relationships in the cause of national interest, Asia, but throughout the broader spectrum of Central and respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of South Asia, hence the very regional foreign policy interests neighboring states and respect for international laws and of United States. Af-Pak regions are already infested. treaties. Moreover, Uzbekistan maintains the right to enter alliances, join Commonwealth and international Thirdly, ISIS is reportedly instituting roots in northern organizations and the right to leave them for supreme Afghanistan and on the borders of Tajikistan, Turkmenistan national security interests particularly avoid controversial and Uzbekistan seeking to complicate regional geopolitics, neighboring conflicts and/or the deployment of foreign aiming to create a Merevannaher like early medieval military bases on Uzbek territory. Briefly, Uzbekistan is Caliphate in the region. US supply of the anti-mine military seeking peaceful international cooperation and willing SUVs is one thing, but the United States must realize that to reciprocate. Furthermore, Concurrent human rights peaceful Presidential elections all over Central Asia will reform and implementation remains relatively advanced in only assist the US anti-terror policy and cultivate in regional the world in theory and practice. Which, Western media influence. Thus, Uzbekistan’s efforts to help protect US and diplomatic sources appear so fat not to have closely influence in Central Asia need be reciprocated. Perhaps, observed, and instead are relying upon earlier stereotypes. the US foreign policy Establishment has forgotten a 2001 University of Melbourne study on Foreign Policies of The forthcoming presidential elections are very important Central Asian States, an exhaustive content analysis based for several foreign policy and security concerns. First, upon several public and official interviews, concluding that the independent and neutral foreign policy positions the Uzbekistan and her people are the most pro-Americans that Uzbekistan has maintained all along must not be than the rest in the region. misinterpreted. Uzbekistan has been balancing her foreign policy in-between the various conflicting interests of Briefly, the March 29 Presidential Election is an important United States, Russian Federation, China and the broader event in terms of national and regional security. Tashkent membership of SCO, all threatened by extremism and realizes this, hoping that Washington will also take these terrorism. This was among the reasons that the US security issues seriously to reciprocate. The forthcoming government is now willing to provide assistance in anti- Presidential Election thus provides a fresh opportunity to terror related matters, which symbolizes with the gradually reconstruct mutual trust between the two countries. advancing Uzbek efforts towards democratization as well, albeit with different model definitions. Common concerns are that elections have often resulted in violence in some parts of Central Asia, although not in Uzbekistan. However, considering the current election season all over Central Asia Tashkent hopes that the interests of USA, Uzbekistan and broader Central Asia will be better served with peaceful conduct of the forthcoming presidential elections.

Secondly, the regional stability in Central and South Asia is everyone’s interest. With limited influence in Central Asia, policy-makers in Washington need to recognize that the independent policies of president Islam Karimov, which despite regional differences have maintained a balance between Russian and US policies. If US are unable to seek military bases in Uzbekistan, so are Russia and China. Having been terrorized several times by Hazb-e- Tahrir, Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan, Akramia and associated militant groups, Uzbekistan being the pivotal state in Central Asia remains in the forefront of the fight

the diplomatic insight 21 RENAISSANCE PERIOD OF AZERBAIJAN- PAKISTAN FRATERNITY Eldost Ibrahimov Teacher of Urdu language, Pakistan Studies Department of Oriental Studies, Baku State University.

here are some states that have passed into history of History of diplomatic relations between the two countries Tmankind as closest, friendly and fraternal countries. started from June 1992. Embassies of Islamic Republic of Some of these countries are interconnected by religion Pakistan were opened on March 12, 1993 in Baku and on while others have language or cultural roots in common. August 24, 1997 in Islamabad. But none of the foregoing altogether does not have distinction as deep-rooted as Azerbaijan-Pakistan fraternity The relations between the two countries stepped on a to be bright sample to the world union. Today Azerbaijan- development stage after official visit of Heydar Aliyev, Pakistan relations can certainly be referred to as model for nationwide leader of Azerbaijan Republic to Pakistan the mankind without any hesitation. The primary reason in April 1996 upon the invitation of Islamic Republic is the closest commitment of our nations to each other of Pakistan. It must specifically be noted that, couple of standing in the center of these relations. That is to say, mutual visits of the heads of the states assume considerable friendship and fraternity of our nations have gone through importance in the high-level development of interstate a wide historical path. Hence friendship of Pakistani and relations. In this regard, the visit of Mr. Ilham Aliyev, Azerbaijani nations have stood at the highest level of all the President of Azerbaijan Republic to Pakistan in April political governments. Likewise, by just glancing over 2006 ought to be specifically mentioned. Satisfaction has the occasions proceeding from the beginning of the last been expressed on the development of relations between century, we can witness the abovementioned to be found Azerbaijan and Pakistan in the capacity of strategical true. partnership in the meeting of heads of the two states regarded as the beginning of new stage in the high-level The history of relations between Azerbaijan and Pakistan development of interstate relations. Pakistan stressed dates back to five centuries ago. The merchants have visited the importance of bilateral documents concluded with Azerbaijan and established trade relations still in the period Azerbaijan in all fields for the development of cooperation. of Great Mogol Empire. As a striking example, Multan It has been stated that, Pakistan and Azerbaijan approach Palace in Baku, Icheri-Sheher has survived up to our times main problems from the same standpoint. Constant and is being preserved as a historical monument at present. condemnation of open position of Azerbaijan namely In a literal sense, Islamic Republic of Pakistan has every on Kashmir problem and aggression of Armenia against time taken genuine friendly behavior towards Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan have specifically been highlighted. It has been noted that, official Islamabad denounces military Islamic Republic of Pakistan is one of the first countries aggression of Armenia against Azerbaijan and will always recognizing state independence of Azerbaijan Republic. continue to adhere to its position. On the other hand, Pakistan promised to support the requirement of ensuring territorial integrity of Azerbaijan Republic at any time. As a bright example to it, Islamic Republic of Pakistan is the only state that does not recognize Armenia as a state for the occupation of the Mountainous Karabakh and has not consolidated any relations with the invader Armenia. It would be necessary to emphasize the resolution No.822 that has been adopted in the Security Council of the UN on immediate withdrawal of Armenian occupying forces from the Azerbaijani lands under the chairmanship of Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

At present Azerbaijan-Pakistan relations go through the period of renaissance. The relations between the two countries keep developing not only in economic, political and military fields, but also in the humanitarian field on

22 the diplomatic insight a high-level. So far, Islamic Republic of Pakistan has documents signed by the presidents of Azerbaijan and provided humanitarian aid of more than 25 tons of garments Pakistan. and medicines in order to help Azerbaijani refugees and internally displaced persons. While talking about Mamnoon Hussain, the President of Islamic Republic of humanitarian relations between the two countries, it would Pakistan visited the mosque “Ajdarbay” in Baku on March be quite significant to stand on the affairs performed by 13 in the course of his official visit to Azerbaijan. Mamnoon Mehriban Aliyeva, the head of Heydar Aliyev Foundation Hussain, the President of Pakistan delivered Friday prayer and particularly of the Fund itself, the first lady of Azerbaijan, with the believers in the Ajdarbay mosque. Then he met Goodwill Ambassador of UNESCO and ISESCO and the the newly constructed Heydar mosque being accompanied deputy of Azerbaijani Parliament. Thereby, the school by distinguished guest Sheikh-ul-Islam Allahshukur building was reconstructed which reduced into disrepair as Pashazada. Following it, a meeting has been held in the a result of strong earthquake leading to plenty of casualties Baku State University on the occasion of conferring and extensive destruction in Pakistan on October 08, the title-honorary doctor of Baku State University to 2005, under the personal initiative of Mehriban Aliyeva, Mamnoon Hussain, the President of Islamic Republic of the head of Heydar Aliyev Foundation. The new school Pakistan. He met with the Azerbaijani students studying building reconstructed by Heydar Aliyev Foundation in in the specialty of Pakistan study and Urdu language of Pakistan is the first educational institution constructed by faculty of Oriental studies at Baku State University before the Fund in a foreign country within the framework of the the abovementioned occasion. The students delivered project “Support for education”. Moreover, vaccination a welcoming speech in the Urdu language, expressed campaigns, open-heart surgeries have been conducted views on Azerbaijan-Pakistan relations, history, culture against Hepatitis B in Khayber Pakhtunva province, free and literature of Pakistan, and recited the poems of poet blood transfusion has been arranged across Pakistan- Allama Igbal and Mirza Galib, popular Pakistani thinkers Afghanistan borders, financial support has been provided and public figures. The President of Pakistan was content for the construction of Khayber Eye Fund clinic within and satisfied with the speech of the students. the framework of series of humanitarian aids conducted in Pakistan by the Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Mehriban Mamnoon Hussain, the President of Islamic Republic Aliyeva, the first lady of Azerbaijan has been awarded the of Pakistan expressed his satisfaction with his visit supreme reward of Pakistan, the order “Hilal-e-Pakistan” to Azerbaijan, the numerous meetings held and the for her services in the field of humanitarian aid to Pakistan development process he observed in the country and and her compassion for Pakistani nation and Mamnoon impressed his views on the visit to be unforgettable for him. Hussain, the President of Pakistan submitted the order We can state with certainty that, this visit will give its personally himself during his visit to Baku. contribution to further development of fraternal and One of the significant occasions evidencing the fraternal friendly relations between our nations and states and will relations between Azerbaijan and Pakistan is the visit made advance on a high level hereinafter not only in spiritual, but by Mr. Mamnoon Hussain, the President of Islamic Republic also in all fields. of Pakistan to Azerbaijan on March 11 of the current year Finally I would like to note that, Pakistan not begrudging upon the invitation of Mr. Ilham Aliyev, the President of its support throughout course of Karabakh war keeps Azerbaijan Republic. The President of Pakistan has been assisting these days too. In addition, Pakistan assists with accompanied by delegation consisting of officials and its all opportunities for Azerbaijan to be recognized in the businessmen over the course of his three-day visit. There world and particularly to deliver Khojali tragedy to the were members of Pakistan Council of Ministers, senior world. Pakistani officials, heads of government and states officials, representatives of big companies employing in cite quotations on Khojali tragedy and on how Azerbaijani the sector of energetics and businessmen representing light people confronted casualties and bloody tragedies by industry and other fields among them. The development discussing Azerbaijani realities in the international of cooperation in the field of economy, trade, education, conferences and significant meetings. We extend our defense, science and culture took center stage over the sincere thanks with best regards and boundless respect to course of the negotiations and four documents have the head of Pakistan and its nation! The relations between been signed as a consequence of these negotiations. In Azerbaijan and Pakistan is eternal and will forever go on addition, a business forum has been held during the visit so! I sincerely wish the two countries to be strong every of Mr. Mamnoon Hussain, the President of Pakistan. The time and the peace and tranquility to be established between meetings held by the President of Pakistan during his visit the two nations! to Azerbaijan turned a new page in the history of high-level relations between the two fraternal and friendly countries. Long live Azerbaijan-Pakistan friendship and fraternity! This is once again proved by the affairs executed and the

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