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Advances in Management and Conservation of Soil Fauna ADVANCES IN MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION OF SOIL FAUNA Editors G.K. VEERESH D. RAJAGOPAL C.A. VlRAKTAMATH UNIVERSAL BOOK SERVICES DR. W. BACKHUYS OEGSTGEEST UNIVERSAL BOOK SERVICES/DR W. BACKHUYS CONTENTS Preface INAUGURAL SESSION Inaugural Address: The Importance of Soil Zoology in the Context of Present Day Intensive Agriculture 1.3 N.S. Randhawa SYMPOSIUM LECTURE Major Soils of India and Soil-biota Relationship 1-9 /. Sehgal Progress in Soil Zoology in India 1-27 Janardan Singh 1. APTERYGOTA 1.1. On the Phylogeny of the Genera of Lepismatidae (Insecta: Zygentoma) 3 Luis F. Mendes 1.2. On the Zoogeographic Affinities of the Thysanurans (Microcoryphia and Zygentoma) from India 15 Luis F. Mendes 1.3. Morphological and Ethological Features of the Genus Silvestrichilis Wygodzinsky, 1950 (Apterygota: Microcoryphia) 25 M. Gaju-Ricart and C. Bach de Roca 1.4. A Proposal for a Standard System of Chaetotaxic Nomenclature in the Symphypleona (Insecta: Collembola) 31 J.M. Betsch and G. Bretfeld 1.5. Biogeographie des Collemboles Neanurinae des Montagnes du Sud de l'lnde et de Sri Lanka 39 P. Cassagnau 1.6. Geographical Distribution of the Genus Callyntrura (Collembola) 47 Yayuk Rahayuningsih Suhardjono viii Contents 1.7. Distribution of Collembola in Eycalyptus Forest in Southeastern Australia 53 Penelope Greenslade, C.R. Margules and E.M. Adomeit 1.8. Notes on Australian Uchidanurinae (Collembola: Neanuridae) 63 Penelope Greenslade 1.9. Communities of Collembola in Natural and Transformed Soils of a Tilio- carpinetum Habitat in the Manzovian Lowlands of Poland 67 Maria Sterzynska 1.10. Species Diversity and Population Size of Collembola in Some Cultivated Fields 75 B.C. Guru and B. Das 1.11. The Role of Tomocerus minor (Collembola) and Philoscia muscorum (Isopoda) in Decomposition of Black Pine Litter: A Microcosm Study 91 A. Teuben and TA.PJ. Roelofsma 1.12. The Role of Cryptopygus thermophilus (Collembola) in Regulating C/N Ratio 99 B.C. Guru and S. Panda 2. TERMITES 2.1. Distribution and Abundance of Subterranean Fungus-growing Termites (Isoptera) in the Grassland of Kajiado, Kenya 111 Takuya Abe 2.2. Relative Abundance of Different Species of Termites at the Main Research Station, Hebbal, Bangalore 123 C.T. Ashok Kumar and G.K. Veeresh 2.3. Termites Have Their Choice of Food in the Midst of Plenty 127 T. Shivashankar, D. Rajagopal and G.K. Veeresh 2.4. Swarming Behaviour of the Subterranean Termite, Microtermes obesi Holmgren (Isoptera: Termitidae) 137 C.T. Ashok Kumar and G.K. Veeresh 2.5. Foraging Activity and Soil Turnover by Ants, Termites and Earthworms iij an Agroforestry System 141 Arun Lekha, G. Chopra and S.R. Gupta 2.6. Studies on the Damage by Termites to Seed Setts and to Post-harvest Stubbles of Sugarcane Plantations in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka 147 N.C. Kumarasinghe 2.7. Assessment of Losses of Nutrients in Dung and Farmyard Manure Due to Termite Foraging 155 D. Rajagopal, G.K. Veeresh and N.G. Kumar Contents 2.8. Termite Damage and Control in Tropical Forestry 161 Robert H. Cowie, James W.M. Logan and T.G. Wood 3. HARMFUL SOIL FAUNA AND THEIR MANAGEMENT 3.1. Soil Insect Problems in African Groundnut Crops 171 JA. Wightman 3.2. Studies on Soil Pests Associated with Groundnut in Zambia 177 S. Sithanantham 3.3. Studies on the Ecology of Certain Soil-borne Insect Pests in Tamil Nadu State, India 183 S. Jayaraj, A.V. Rangarajan, RJ. Rabindra and N. Chandramohan 3.4. Biogeography of Pest Species of White Grubs of Karnataka 191 G.K. Veeresh, A.R.V. Kumar and T.M. Musthak Ali 3.5. Frequency and Dominance of Scarabaeid Beetles in Varanasi District of Eastern Uttar Pradesh 199 Paras Nath and Janardan Singh 3.6. Biology and Chemical Control of Leucopholis Lepidophora (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Sugarcane 209 A.S. Patil and D.G. Hapase 3.7. An Attempt at Screening Some Species of Coffee against Cockchafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) 217 C.K. Vijayalakshmi and P. Krishnamoorthy Bhat 3.8. An Evaluation of Some Microbial Agents for the Control of White Grubs Infesting Sugarcane 223 H. David and S. Easwaramoorthy 3.9. Use of Chemicals in Control of White Grub Attacking Ginger 231 K.K. Shrivastava and R.K. Pandaya 3.10. Bioecology, Damage Potential and Management of Root Grub, Basilepta fulvicorne (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) 235 B. Gopakumar, D. Kumaresan, S. Varadarasan and R. Naidu 3.11. Spatial Distribution of Potato Cutworm Agrotis segatum (Lepidoptera: Nocfuidae) in Potato Field 239 D. Rajagopal and T.P. Trivedi 3.12. Assessment of Avoidable Yield Losses in Potatoes Due to Agrotis Cutworms in North-western Plains 243 S.S. Misra and H.C. Sharma 3.13. Studies on the Association of the Black Ant Camponotus compressus and the Scale, Pulvinaria sp. on Mango 249 Abraham Verghese and PL. Tandon x Contents 3.14. Conservation and Augmentation of Predaceous Bugs and Their Role in Biological Control 255 Dunston P. Ambrose 3.15. New Natural Oribatid Vectors from Kerala 259 MA. Haq 3.16. Nematode Parasites of French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) at the University of Agricultural Sciences Campus, Bangalore 265 B.C. Narayanaswamy and H.K. Ramappa 3.17. Resistance in Brinjal Lines to the Root-knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita 269 P. Parvatha Reddy, R.M. Khan and S.K. Tikoo 3.18. Chemical Control of Root-knot Nematodes Meloidogyne incognita Infecting Papaya 273 P. Parvatha Reddy and R.M. Khan 4. IMPACT OF AGRONOMIC PRACTICES INCLUDING PESTICIDES AND ANIMAL WASTES ON SOIL FAUNA 4.1. Soil Structure and Soil Biological Interaction in Three Different Agricultural Practices 279 M.J. Kooistra 4.2. Soil Macrofauna and Land Management in Peruvian Amazonia (Yurimaguas, Loreto) 291 B. Pashani and P. Lavelle 4.3. Effect of Shifting Cultivation (Jhum) on Soil Fauna with Particular Reference to Earthworms in North East India 299 V.T. Darlong and J.R.B. Alfred 4.4. Micro-Arthropods and Their Conservation in Some North-east Indian Soil 309 J.R.B. Alfred, V.T. Darlong, SJ.S. Hattar and D. Paul 4.5. Preliminary Results of Impact of Some Traditional Agronomic Practices and Drought on Economically Important Soil Fauna in Pearl Millet Fields in the Sahelian Zone 321 V.S. Bhatnagar, E. Fytizas and A. Beye 4.6. Intercropping Effects on Insect Pests of Cassava in Columbia and of Groundnut in India 329 Clifford S. Gold, Octavio Vargas and John Wightman 4.7. Influence of Agricultural Practices on the Population of Soil Mites in West Bengal, India 333 A.K. Sanyal 4.8. Colonization of Arable Fields by Earthworms in a Newly Reclaimed Polder in the Netherlands — Preliminary Results 341 J.C.Y. Marinissen Contents xi 4.9. Impact of Eucalyptus Litter on Earthworm Activity 349 Nabin C. Dash and B.K. Senapati 4.10. Aphid Honeydew and Decomposition: Effects on Decomposer Fauna 357 Dhrupad Choudhury 4.11. Ecotoxicological Study of Pesticides on Earthworms 365 Ph. Lebrun and M. Pype 4.12. Impact of a Normal Agricultural Dose of Malathion on a Dominant Paddy Field Earthworm, Drawida willsi Michaelson 377 B.K. Senapati, S.C. Pani, S.K. Sahu and J. Biswal 4.13. Effects on Non-ionic Surfactants on Life Activities on Collembola 383 G.M. Khanislamova 5. IMPACT OF FOREST DENUDATION AND SILVICULTURAL PRACTICES ON SOIL FAUNA 5.1. Effects of Disturbances on the Guild Structure of Soil Arthropods in Pine- forests in Central Java—A Preliminary Survey 391 Bintoro Gunadi, Soenarto Notosoedarmo and Els N.G. Joosse 5.2. Effect of Deforestation on the Soil Macro and Microarthropod Fauna of West Bengal, India 399 AX. Hazra 5.3. Effect of Forest Fire on Symphylid Populations in the Ponmudi Hills of Western Ghats 413 C.GA. Pai and N.R. Prabhoo 5.4. Comparative Study on the Ecology of Soil Mesofauna in a Vegetable Garden and a Deciduous Forest at Ranchi, India 419 P.B. Sinha, Nisarga S. Sen, Azra P. Zahidi and Azfar H. Naqvi 5.5. Les Lombriciens dans les Manipulations et la Restauration de Sols Degrades 429 J.J. Brun, D. Cluzeau, P. Chiaverini et J.C. Heidet 5.6. Ecological Engineering in the Redevelopment of Forest Ecosystems on Old Farmland 449 Andrzej Szujecki 6. ROLE 6F SOIL FAUNA IN NUTRIENT CYCLING 6.1. The Role "of Soil Fauna in Nutrient Cycling 465 K.E. Lee 6.2. Effects of Invertebrates on Soil Properties and Processes 473 Jonathan Anderson, David Knight and Peter Elliot xii Contents 6.3. Succession of Microarthropods in Decomposing Spruce Needles: A Litter Bag Study Over Ten Years 485 Sigmund Hdgvar 6.4. The Effect of B iotic and Abiotic Factors on Litter Decomposition in a Tropical Dalbergia sissoo Forest Ecosystem 491 S.R. Gupta and R. Rajvanshi 6.5. The Role of Soil Arthropods in Nutrient Flow and the Impact of Atmospheric Decomposition 497 HA. Verhoef and S. Meintser 6.6. The Interaction of Collembola and Mycorrhizal Roots in Nitrogen Mobilization in a Scots Pine Forest Soil 507 Jack H. Faber 6.7. Population Dynamics and Nitrogen Mineralization Rates in Soil as Influenced by Bacterial Grazing Nematodes and Mites 517 L. Brusaard, J.P. Kools, LA. Bouman and PC. de Ruiter 6.8. Relations Entre Peuplements Lombriciens et Proprietes Physiques de Sols Mediterraneens 525 FAI Addan, R. Aliaga et M.B. Bouche 6.9. The Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency from I5N Labelled Chemical Fertilizer in the Presence of Earthworm Manure (Cast) 539 Zhao Shi-wei and Huang Fu-zhen 6.10. Studies on the Effect of Earthworms on the Fertility of Red-arid Soil 543 Lui Shuxin, Xiong Dezhong and Wu Debing 6.11. Die Bedeutung der Regenwurmart Eisenia lucens bei der Zersetzung von Holzabfallen 547 C.
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