DOCSLIB.ORG

The Systematics, Morphology and Biostratigraphy of Fossil

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Systematics, Morphology and Biostratigraphy of Fossil Cainozoic Research, 2(1-2) (2002), pp. 163-170, October 2003 Notes on the systematics, morphology and biostratigraphy of fossil holoplanktonic Mollusca, 13. Considerations on a subdivision of Thecosomata, with the classification of Limacinidae emphasis on genus group Arie+W. Janssen Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum (Palaeontology Department), P.O. Box 9517, NL-2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands: current address: 12, Trig tal’ Hamrija, Xewkija VCT 110, Gozo, Malta; e-mail: [email protected] Received 11 June 2003; revised version accepted 15 June 2003 The families Limacinidae, Cavoliniidae and Peraclididae (Gastropoda, Thecosomata) are raised in rank to Limacinoidea, Cavolinioidea and and subfamilies Peraclidoidea, respectively, currently recognised ofthe Cavoliniidae are given full familial status, viz. Creseidae, Cuvierinidae, Clioidaeand Cavoliniidae.A is preliminary genus group classificationof the Limacinidae proposed, mainlyon morphological shell features; a new genus, Currylimacina n. gen., is introduced. KEY WORDS: Mollusca, Gastropoda, Thecosomata, Euthecosomata, Limacinidae, pteropods, new genus, taxonomy. Introduction Systematics of Thecosomata Currently, holoplanktonic gastropods, usually referred to as In the present paper, the systematics of Thecosomata, and of ‘Pteropoda’, are subdivided into two orders, Thecosomata the Limacinidae in particular, is considered. The currently and Withinthe Thecosomata suborders Gymnosomata. two applied taxonomy is almost entirely based on the relatively are recognised, namely Euthecosomata and Pseudothe- few, extant species. From the fossil record, however, numer- cosomata. ous taxa are known which cannot always be incorporated in The Euthecosomata comprises three families, Limacini- the existing systematic framework satisfactorily. Cavoliniidae and all of soft of Recent dae, Sphaerocinidae, representatives Although part anatomy most representa- which are shelled in the adult state. Both Limacinidae and tives of the Euthecosomata has been studied extensively, Cavoliniidae are known from the fossil the earliest identification of taxa is record, species group predominantly based occurrence being Late Paleocene, and are still extant; on shell morphology. Limacinidae differfrom Cavoliniidae known fossils. Withinthe in Sphaerocinidae are exclusively as basically possessing an ultra-dextrally coiledshell which, Pseudothecosomata three families is illustrated are distinguished, namely however, usually as being sinistral. In the Peraclididae(adult specimens are shell bearing), Cymbulii- Cavoliniidae, the shell is not coiled, but either coni- dae shell shed, but adult individuals with (larval a cartilagi- cal/cylindrical (Creseinae, Cuvierininae) or bilaterally sym- so-called and with ventral and dorsal shell nous pseudoconcha) Desmopteridae (adult metrical, parts more or less animals shell The latter lacking or pseudoconcha). family, distinctly separated (Clioinae, Cavoliniinae). The Sphaero- unknown from the fossil record to date, is occasionally cinidae differ from both in showing cavoliniid larval shell considered to belong to the Gymnosomata (van der Spoel, features and secondary dorso-ventralcoiling ofthe shell. 1976, p. 45). Differences between Limacinidae on the one hand and In the five larval Cavoliniidae+ Gymnosomata, containing families, only Sphaerocinidae on the other, taken together shells These shed are present. are shortly after hatching, the with a large data set for fossil members, have led me to adult ‘naked’. few of these larval consider these specimens being Only two groups as superfamilies rather than fami- shells have been described which so far, explains why little lies. This point of view is also based on the fact that both is known about fossil which date back the and fossil representatives, to Recent pteropods apparently comprise far more Miocene. taxa at the species level than previously assumed. Examples - 164- of this are given by e.g. van der Spoel et al. (1993) and In accepting a superfamily Cavolinioidea, the next logical views would consider the subfamilies Janssen (in press); the observation is also supported by step be to existing (Cresei- Norris The of fossil Clioinae and families. A expressed by (2000, p. 254). study nae, Cuvierininae, Cavoliniinae) as representatives also yields a more reliable insight into the similar argumentation appears valid for the Pseudothecoso- subdivision of evolutionary development of this group, which may be mata, which leads to the following (Table 1) from the the Thecosomata. The ofthe is expected to be far more complex than judged authorship new higher taxa relatively few Recent species alone. attributed according to the Principle ofCo-ordination(ICZN, also advisable rank the In this context, it might be to art. 36.1, p. 45). Sphaerocinidae as a superfamily. However, for the time To my knowledge, DNA structures of extant Thecoso- such studies being I prefer to retain it as a family within the Cavolini- mata have not yet been studied. I expect that would additional criteria which will either confirm oidea, in view ofthe fact that but very few species are known yield or to ofwhich has been described far. refute considerations this outlinedhere. date, only one so my on subject as Order Thecosomata de Blainville, 1824 Suborder Euthecosomata Meisenheimer, 1905 Superfamily Limacinoidea Gray, 1847 Family LimacinidaeGray, 1847 Superfamily CavolinioideaFischer, 1883 Family Creseidae Rang, 1828 Family Cuvierinidae van der Spoel, 1967 Family Clioidae van der Spoel, 1967 Family CavoliniidaeFischer, 1883 Family Sphaerocinidae Janssen & Maxwell in Janssen, 1995 Suborder Pseudothecosomata Meisenheimer, 1905 Superfamily Peraclidoidea Tesch, 1913 Family Peraclididae Tesch, 1913 Family Cymbuliidae Cantraine, 1841 Subfamily Cymbuliinae Cantraine, 1841 Subfamily Glebinae van der Spoel, 1976 ?Family Desmopteridae Chun, 1889 Table 1. Proposed subdivision ofthe Thecosomata. outlined here did mine. A taxonomy which is comparable to the one as Fortunately, Jeffery permitted me to publish has recently been proposed by Jeffery (2003). Jeffery consid- my results independently. ered the Thecosomataand Gymnosomata to be suborders; the Euthecosomataand Pseudothecosomatain his scheme are ofThecosomata. The subdi- Genus level of Limacinidae infraorders Gymnosomata are taxonomy vided into the infraorders Gymnosomata and Gymnoptera. Within the Euthecosomata, however, Jeffery distinguished The systematics ofthe Limacinidae are here enlarged upon three based shell from but a single superfamily (Limacinoidea), comprising further, mainly on morphology as gleaned families, namely Cavoliniidae, Limacinidae and Sphaero- existing literature and available collections. No attempt has but been made unravel in detail the cinidae. I have no opinion on the rank of the higher taxa, yet to undoubtedly quite consider the Limacinoidea and Cavolinioidea to be more complex evolutionary history of this family. This may be lead natural subdivision. than sufficiently differentto represent separate superfamilies. expected to eventually to a more I have contacted Paul Jeffery on this subject; he informed me The application of subgeneric names in RecentLimacina is the lack of data. that his relative ranking of the Thecosomata as given in his frequently seen, despite any phylogenetic In the result of overall in the of of trends in the website was an adjustment anticipation an analysis evolutionary genus inclined ranking of the superorders Heterobranchiaand Caenogas- Limacina, I am now to use only generic names. in tropoda, thus subunits ofthe Euthyneura were changed rank (generally reduced, actually). The scheme on his Limacinidae (revised diagnosis) — Marine, holoplanktonic Soft dextral, shell webpage arose largely as a matter of systematic conven- euthyneuran gastropods. part anatomy of Thecosomata, coiled in an ultra-dextral thin- ience and not from any special study the (seemingly sinistral) spiral, - 165 - conical-almost with walled,ranging in form from discoidal to high or a subperipheral thickened zone projecting as a ros- Larval shell Surface the Umbilicus from wide in cylindrical. not clearly separated. orna- trum at aperture. ranging very ment usually absent, but a divaricate or collabral micro- some discoidal forms, to very narrow in high-conical species, ornament is found in some forms. In the normally smooth or even entirely absent. The columella is simple, sometimes forms occasionally a weak spiral or collabral striation may with a weak central fold, twisted, or with a three-dimensional occur as a senile characteristic. Aperture either simple or torsion. Stratigraphical range: Late Paleoceneto Recent. widened, with an internally or externally reinforced margin, Name Type species Designation Altaspiratella Korobkov, 1966 elongatoidea Aldrich, 1887 original Chaduma Korobkov, 1966 chadumica Korobkov, 1966 original ChadumellaKorobkov, 1966 planorbella Korobkov, 1966 original Crino Gistel, 1848 arctica Fabricius, 17801780 monotype Embolus Jeffreys, 1869 rostralis Souleyet in Eydoux & Souleyet, 1840 original Heliconoides d’Orbigny, 1836 inflata d’Orbigny, 1836 Herrmannsen, 1846 Heterofusus Fleming, 1823 retroversus Fleming, 1823 Gray, 18471847 Limacina Bose, 1817 helicina Phipps, 1774 monotype this Munthea van der Spoel, 1967 trochiformis d’Orbigny, 1836 paper ?PakistaniaIPakistaria Lames,Eames, 19521952 antirotataFames,Eames, 1952 monotype Planorbella Gabb, 1873 nonnon Haldeman, 1843 imitans Gabb, 1873 monotype Plotophysops Curry, 19811981 bearnensis Curry, 1981
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Life Cycle and Early Development of the Thecosomatous Pteropod Limacina Retroversa in the Gulf of Maine, Including the Effect of Elevated CO2 Levels
    Life cycle and early development of the thecosomatous pteropod Limacina retroversa in the Gulf of Maine, including the effect of elevated CO2 levels Ali A. Thabetab, Amy E. Maasac*, Gareth L. Lawsona and Ann M. Tarranta a. Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543 b. Zoology Dept., Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University in Assiut, Assiut, Egypt. c. Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, St. George’s GE01, Bermuda *Corresponding Author, equal contribution with lead author Email: [email protected] Phone: 441-297-1880 x131 Keywords: mollusc, ocean acidification, calcification, mortality, developmental delay Abstract Thecosome pteropods are pelagic molluscs with aragonitic shells. They are considered to be especially vulnerable among plankton to ocean acidification (OA), but to recognize changes due to anthropogenic forcing a baseline understanding of their life history is needed. In the present study, adult Limacina retroversa were collected on five cruises from multiple sites in the Gulf of Maine (between 42° 22.1’–42° 0.0’ N and 69° 42.6’–70° 15.4’ W; water depths of ca. 45–260 m) from October 2013−November 2014. They were maintained in the laboratory under continuous light at 8° C. There was evidence of year-round reproduction and an individual life span in the laboratory of 6 months. Eggs laid in captivity were observed throughout development. Hatching occurred after 3 days, the veliger stage was reached after 6−7 days, and metamorphosis to the juvenile stage was after ~ 1 month. Reproductive individuals were first observed after 3 months. Calcein staining of embryos revealed calcium storage beginning in the late gastrula stage.
    [Show full text]
  • A Draft Genome and Target Capture Probes for Limacina Bulimoides, Tested for Cross-Species Relevance Le Qin Choo1,2*† , Thijs M
    Choo et al. BMC Genomics (2020) 21:11 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-019-6372-z RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Novel genomic resources for shelled pteropods: a draft genome and target capture probes for Limacina bulimoides, tested for cross-species relevance Le Qin Choo1,2*† , Thijs M. P. Bal3†, Marvin Choquet3, Irina Smolina3, Paula Ramos-Silva1, Ferdinand Marlétaz4, Martina Kopp3, Galice Hoarau3 and Katja T. C. A. Peijnenburg1,2* Abstract Background: Pteropods are planktonic gastropods that are considered as bio-indicators to monitor impacts of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems. In order to gain insight into their adaptive potential to future environmental changes, it is critical to use adequate molecular tools to delimit species and population boundaries and to assess their genetic connectivity. We developed a set of target capture probes to investigate genetic variation across their large-sized genome using a population genomics approach. Target capture is less limited by DNA amount and quality than other genome-reduced representation protocols, and has the potential for application on closely related species based on probes designed from one species. Results: We generated the first draft genome of a pteropod, Limacina bulimoides, resulting in a fragmented assembly of 2.9 Gbp. Using this assembly and a transcriptome as a reference, we designed a set of 2899 genome- wide target capture probes for L. bulimoides. The set of probes includes 2812 single copy nuclear targets, the 28S rDNA sequence, ten mitochondrial genes, 35 candidate biomineralisation genes, and 41 non-coding regions. The capture reaction performed with these probes was highly efficient with 97% of the targets recovered on the focal species.
    [Show full text]
  • An Overview of the Fossil Record of Pteropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Heterobranchia)
    Cainozoic Research, 17(1), pp. 3-10 June 2017 3 An overview of the fossil record of Pteropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) Arie W. Janssen1 & Katja T.C.A. Peijnenburg2, 3 1 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Marine Biodiversity, Fossil Mollusca, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Nether­ lands; [email protected] 2 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Marine Biodiversity, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Katja.Peijnen­ [email protected] 3 Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94248, 1090 GE Am­ sterdam, The Netherlands. Manuscript received 23 January 2017, revised version accepted 14 March 2017 Based on the literature and on a massive collection of material, the fossil record of the Pteropoda, an important group of heterobranch marine, holoplanktic gastropods occurring from the late Cretaceous onwards, is broadly outlined. The vertical distribution of genera is illustrated in a range chart. KEY WORDS: Pteropoda, Euthecosomata, Pseudothecosomata, Gymnosomata, fossil record Introduction Thecosomata Mesozoic Much current research focusses on holoplanktic gastro- pods, in particular on the shelled pteropods since they The sister group of pteropods is now considered to belong are proposed as potential bioindicators of the effects of to Anaspidea, a group of heterobranch gastropods, based ocean acidification e.g.( Bednaršek et al., 2016). This on molecular evidence (Klussmann-Kolb & Dinapoli, has also led to increased interest in delimiting spe- 2006; Zapata et al., 2014). The first known species of cies boundaries and distribution patterns of pteropods pteropods in the fossil record belong to the Limacinidae, (e.g. Maas et al., 2013; Burridge et al., 2015; 2016a) and are characterised by sinistrally coiled, aragonitic and resolving their evolutionary history using molecu- shells.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Analysis of Thecosomata Blainville, 1824
    Phylogenetic Analysis of Thecosomata Blainville, 1824 (Holoplanktonic Opisthobranchia) Using Morphological and Molecular Data Emmanuel Corse, Jeannine Rampal, Corinne Cuoc, Nicolas Pech, Yvan Perez, André Gilles To cite this version: Emmanuel Corse, Jeannine Rampal, Corinne Cuoc, Nicolas Pech, Yvan Perez, et al.. Phylogenetic Analysis of Thecosomata Blainville, 1824 (Holoplanktonic Opisthobranchia) Using Morphological and Molecular Data. PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2013, 8 (4), pp.59439 - 59439. 10.1371/jour- nal.pone.0059439. hal-01771570 HAL Id: hal-01771570 https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01771570 Submitted on 19 Apr 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Phylogenetic Analysis of Thecosomata Blainville, 1824 (Holoplanktonic Opisthobranchia) Using Morphological and Molecular Data Emmanuel Corse*, Jeannine Rampal, Corinne Cuoc, Nicolas Pech, Yvan Perez., Andre´ Gilles. IMBE (UMR CNRS 7263, IRD 237) Evolution Ge´nome Environnement, Aix-Marseille Universite´, Marseille, France Abstract Thecosomata is a marine zooplankton group, which played an important role in the carbonate cycle in oceans due to their shell composition. So far, there is important discrepancy between the previous morphological-based taxonomies, and subsequently the evolutionary history of Thecosomata.
    [Show full text]
  • Phenotypic Features of Helicina Variabilis (Gastropoda: Neritimorpha) from Minas Gerais, Brazil
    Phenotypic features of Helicina variabilis (Gastropoda: Neritimorpha) from Minas Gerais, Brazil Luiz Ricardo L. Simone¹ ¹ Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Museu de Zoologia (MZUSP). São Paulo, SP, Brasil. ORCID: 0000-0002-1397-9823. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Helicina variabilis Wagner, 1827 (Neritimorpha, Helicinidae) is redescribed based on a sample collected in Nanuque, northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. The species description, previously based only on the shell, is expanded to the phenotypic fea- tures. The study revealed absorption of the internal shell whorls; a diaphragm muscle connected to the floor of the pallial cav- ity; a monoaulic pallial oviduct, with the female genital aperture inside the anal aperture, and the lack of a seminal receptacle and provaginal sac; and the pleural ganglia of the nerve ring connected with each other. The significance of these findings is discussed in the light of current taxonomic and phylogenetic knowledge. Key-Words. Atlantic Rainforest; Helicinidae; Anatomy; Morphology; Phenotype. INTRODUCTION on comparative anatomical information will be compared to those inferred using molecular ap- With the main goal of filling a gap in knowl- proaches (e.g., Uribe et al., 2016). edge of neritimorph phenotypic features, a more The Helicinidae constitute a terrestrial branch complete anatomical description of Helicina vari‑ of the Neritimorpha (Richling & Glaubrecht, 2008), abilis Wagner, 1827 is provided herein. Specimens a taxon with ~2,000 species in four superfami- of this species were collected during an expedition lies, Neritopsoidea, Hydrocenoidea, Helicinoidea by the naturalist and conchologist José Coltro Jr. (which includes the family Helicinidae), and and his team to the region of Nanuque in north- Neritoidea (Uribe et al., 2016), most of the species ern Minas Gerais state, which recovered many in the last two taxa.
    [Show full text]
  • Land Snail Diversity in Brazil
    2019 25 1-2 jan.-dez. July 20 2019 September 13 2019 Strombus 25(1-2), 10-20, 2019 www.conchasbrasil.org.br/strombus Copyright © 2019 Conquiliologistas do Brasil Land snail diversity in Brazil Rodrigo B. Salvador Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Wellington, New Zealand. E-mail: [email protected] Salvador R.B. (2019) Land snail diversity in Brazil. Strombus 25(1–2): 10–20. Abstract: Brazil is a megadiverse country for many (if not most) animal taxa, harboring a signifi- cant portion of Earth’s biodiversity. Still, the Brazilian land snail fauna is not that diverse at first sight, comprising around 700 native species. Most of these species were described by European and North American naturalists based on material obtained during 19th-century expeditions. Ear- ly 20th century malacologists, like Philadelphia-based Henry A. Pilsbry (1862–1957), also made remarkable contributions to the study of land snails in the country. From that point onwards, however, there was relatively little interest in Brazilian land snails until very recently. The last de- cade sparked a renewed enthusiasm in this branch of malacology, and over 50 new Brazilian spe- cies were revealed. An astounding portion of the known species (circa 45%) presently belongs to the superfamily Orthalicoidea, a group of mostly tree snails with typically large and colorful shells. It has thus been argued that the missing majority would be comprised of inconspicuous microgastropods that live in the undergrowth. In fact, several of the species discovered in the last decade belong to these “low-profile” groups and many come from scarcely studied regions or environments, such as caverns and islands.
    [Show full text]
  • Florida Keys Species List
    FKNMS Species List A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T 1 Marine and Terrestrial Species of the Florida Keys 2 Phylum Subphylum Class Subclass Order Suborder Infraorder Superfamily Family Scientific Name Common Name Notes 3 1 Porifera (Sponges) Demospongia Dictyoceratida Spongiidae Euryspongia rosea species from G.P. Schmahl, BNP survey 4 2 Fasciospongia cerebriformis species from G.P. Schmahl, BNP survey 5 3 Hippospongia gossypina Velvet sponge 6 4 Hippospongia lachne Sheepswool sponge 7 5 Oligoceras violacea Tortugas survey, Wheaton list 8 6 Spongia barbara Yellow sponge 9 7 Spongia graminea Glove sponge 10 8 Spongia obscura Grass sponge 11 9 Spongia sterea Wire sponge 12 10 Irciniidae Ircinia campana Vase sponge 13 11 Ircinia felix Stinker sponge 14 12 Ircinia cf. Ramosa species from G.P. Schmahl, BNP survey 15 13 Ircinia strobilina Black-ball sponge 16 14 Smenospongia aurea species from G.P. Schmahl, BNP survey, Tortugas survey, Wheaton list 17 15 Thorecta horridus recorded from Keys by Wiedenmayer 18 16 Dendroceratida Dysideidae Dysidea etheria species from G.P. Schmahl, BNP survey; Tortugas survey, Wheaton list 19 17 Dysidea fragilis species from G.P. Schmahl, BNP survey; Tortugas survey, Wheaton list 20 18 Dysidea janiae species from G.P. Schmahl, BNP survey; Tortugas survey, Wheaton list 21 19 Dysidea variabilis species from G.P. Schmahl, BNP survey 22 20 Verongida Druinellidae Pseudoceratina crassa Branching tube sponge 23 21 Aplysinidae Aplysina archeri species from G.P. Schmahl, BNP survey 24 22 Aplysina cauliformis Row pore rope sponge 25 23 Aplysina fistularis Yellow tube sponge 26 24 Aplysina lacunosa 27 25 Verongula rigida Pitted sponge 28 26 Darwinellidae Aplysilla sulfurea species from G.P.
    [Show full text]
  • Biogeography. Lecture 20
    Biogeography. Lecture 20 Alexey Shipunov Minot State University March 26, 2014 Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 20 March 26, 2014 1 / 15 Insects: Arthropoda/Insecta Hexapoda/Insecta Insects: Arthropoda/Insecta Hexapoda/Insecta Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 20 March 26, 2014 2 / 15 Insects: Arthropoda/Insecta Hexapoda/Insecta Hexapods: very short overview 1) Entognatha (springtails etc.) 2) Insecta: I Apterygota I Pterygota I Palaeoptera I Neoptera I Polyneoptera I Paraneoptera I Holometabola: Hymenoptera, Neuropteroidea, Mecopterida Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 20 March 26, 2014 3 / 15 Insects: Arthropoda/Insecta Hexapoda/Insecta Insecta tree (Ishiwata et al., 2010) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 20 March 26, 2014 4 / 15 Insects: Arthropoda/Insecta Hexapoda/Insecta A: Basal groups Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 20 March 26, 2014 5 / 15 Insects: Arthropoda/Insecta Hexapoda/Insecta B: Polyneoptera Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 20 March 26, 2014 6 / 15 Insects: Arthropoda/Insecta Hexapoda/Insecta C: Paraneoptera Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 20 March 26, 2014 7 / 15 Insects: Arthropoda/Insecta Hexapoda/Insecta D: Hymenoptera and Neuropteroidea Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 20 March 26, 2014 8 / 15 Insects: Arthropoda/Insecta Hexapoda/Insecta E: Mecopterida Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 20 March 26, 2014 9 / 15 Mollusca Terrestrial mollusks Mollusca Terrestrial mollusks Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 20 March 26, 2014 10 / 15 Mollusca Terrestrial mollusks Short overview Mollusks belong to the phylum Mollusca in Lophotrochozoa. There are many classes of mollusks but only one, gastropods (Gastropoda) was successful enough to conquer land. I Gastropoda I Cycloneritimorpha (e.g., Helicina) I Littorinimorpha (e.g., Pomatias) I Pulmonata (most of land gastropods belong here) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography.
    [Show full text]
  • Toward a Global Reference Database of COI Barcodes for Marine Zooplankton
    Marine Biology (2021) 168:78 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-021-03887-y REVIEW, CONCEPT, AND SYNTHESIS Toward a global reference database of COI barcodes for marine zooplankton Ann Bucklin1 · Katja T. C. A. Peijnenburg2,3 · Ksenia N. Kosobokova4 · Todd D. O’Brien5 · Leocadio Blanco‑Bercial6 · Astrid Cornils7 · Tone Falkenhaug8 · Russell R. Hopcroft9 · Aino Hosia10 · Silke Laakmann7,11 · Chaolun Li12 · Luis Martell10 · Jennifer M. Questel9 · Deborah Wall‑Palmer2 · Minxiao Wang12 · Peter H. Wiebe13 · Agata Weydmann‑Zwolicka14 Received: 6 February 2021 / Accepted: 18 April 2021 © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract Characterization of species diversity of zooplankton is key to understanding, assessing, and predicting the function and future of pelagic ecosystems throughout the global ocean. The marine zooplankton assemblage, including only metazoans, is highly diverse and taxonomically complex, with an estimated ~28,000 species of 41 major taxonomic groups. This review provides a comprehensive summary of DNA sequences for the barcode region of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) for identifed specimens. The foundation of this summary is the MetaZooGene Barcode Atlas and Database (MZGdb), a new open-access data and metadata portal that is linked to NCBI GenBank and BOLD data repositories. The MZGdb provides enhanced quality control and tools for assembling COI reference sequence databases that are specifc to selected taxonomic groups and/or ocean regions, with associated metadata (e.g., collection georeferencing, verifcation of species identifcation, molecular protocols), and tools for statistical analysis, mapping, and visualization. To date, over 150,000 COI sequences for ~ 5600 described species of marine metazoan plankton (including holo- and meroplankton) are available via the MZGdb portal.
    [Show full text]
  • Time-Calibrated Molecular Phylogeny of Pteropods
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Time-calibrated molecular phylogeny of pteropods Alice K. Burridge1,2☯, Christine HoÈ rnlein2,3, Arie W. Janssen1, Martin Hughes2,4, Stephanie L. Bush5,6, Ferdinand MarleÂtaz7, Rebeca Gasca8, Annelies C. Pierrot-Bults1,2, Ellinor Michel4, Jonathan A. Todd4, Jeremy R. Young9, Karen J. Osborn5,6, Steph B. J. Menken2, Katja T. C. A. Peijnenburg1,2☯* 1 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands, 2 Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 3 Koninklijk Nederlands Instituut voor Onderzoek der Zee (NIOZ), Yerseke, The Netherlands, 4 Natural History Museum (NHM), Cromwell a1111111111 Road, London, United Kingdom, 5 Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Washington a1111111111 DC, United States of America, 6 Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI), Moss Landing, a1111111111 California, United States of America, 7 Molecular Genetics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and a1111111111 Technology, Onna-son, Japan, 8 El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Unidad Chetumal, Quintana Roo, a1111111111 Chetumal, Mexico, 9 Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. * [email protected], [email protected] OPEN ACCESS Abstract Citation: Burridge AK, HoÈrnlein C, Janssen AW, Hughes M, Bush SL, MarleÂtaz F, et al. (2017) Time- Pteropods are a widespread group of holoplanktonic gastropod molluscs and are uniquely calibrated molecular phylogeny of pteropods. PLoS suitable for study of long-term evolutionary processes in the open ocean because they are the ONE 12(6): e0177325. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0177325 only living metazoan plankton with a good fossil record.
    [Show full text]
  • Figure S1. Maximum Likelihood Phylogenetic Tree of The
    100 Cochlicopa 55 Vallonia 92 Pupilloidei Buliminus [= Orthurethra] Chondrina Arion 100 Arionoidei 66 Meghimatium Vitrina 100 Oxychilus Limacoidei 82 100 Euconulus Cryptozona Albinaria Clausilioidei Corilla [Corillidae] Plectopyloidea 70 Rhytida [Rhytididae] Helicina 53 Dorcasia [Dorcasiidae] [‘non-achatinoid clade’] Caryodes [Caryodidae] Rhytidoidei Megalobulimus Testacella Testacelloidea Drymaeus 94 Orthalicoidei Gaeotis 82 93 Satsuma Stylommatophora 100 Bradybaena Helicoidei Monadenia 87 93 84 Trochulus Haplotrema Haplotrematoidea 93 Euglandina Oleacinoidea Coeliaxis 92 Thyrophorella Achatina 92 Achatinina 100 Glessula Achatinoidea [‘achatinoid clade’] 100 Subulina Ferussacia 76 Gonaxis Streptaxoidea 100 Guestieria Systrophia Scolodontoidea Scolodontina Laevicaaulis Laemodonta ‘non-stylommatophoran Carychium pulmonates’ Siphonaria 1% 0.01 Figure S1. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of the Stylommatophora based on concatenated sequences of 5782 unambiguously aligned nucleotides from the combined dataset of the LSU (and 5.8S) gene, the SSU gene, the H3 gene and the 1st and 2nd codon positions of the CO1 gene. The optimal model GTR+G was used. The phylogeny is rooted on the siphonariid Siphonaria pectinata. Values on the nodes represent bootstrap support (1000 replicates). Bootstrap support values less than 50% are not shown. The scale bar represents 1 substitutional change per 100 nucleotide positions. 1 91 Satsuma 100 Bradybaena Trochulus 97 Helicoidei 68 Monadenia 87 Haplotrema Haplotrematoidea Euglandina Oleacinoidea 100 Vallonia
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Analysis of Thecosomata Blainville, 1824 (Holoplanktonic Opisthobranchia) Using Morphological and Molecular Data
    Phylogenetic Analysis of Thecosomata Blainville, 1824 (Holoplanktonic Opisthobranchia) Using Morphological and Molecular Data Emmanuel Corse*, Jeannine Rampal, Corinne Cuoc, Nicolas Pech, Yvan Perez., Andre´ Gilles. IMBE (UMR CNRS 7263, IRD 237) Evolution Ge´nome Environnement, Aix-Marseille Universite´, Marseille, France Abstract Thecosomata is a marine zooplankton group, which played an important role in the carbonate cycle in oceans due to their shell composition. So far, there is important discrepancy between the previous morphological-based taxonomies, and subsequently the evolutionary history of Thecosomata. In this study, the remarkable planktonic sampling of TARA Oceans expedition associated with a set of various other missions allowed us to assess the phylogenetic relationships of Thecosomata using morphological and molecular data (28 S and COI genes). The two gene trees showed incongruities (e.g. Hyalocylis, Cavolinia), and high congruence between morphological and 28S trees (e.g. monophyly of Euthecosomata). The monophyly of straight shell species led us to reviving the Orthoconcha, and the split of Limacinidae led us to the revival of Embolus inflata replacing Limacina inflata. The results also jeopardized the Euthecosomata families that are based on plesiomorphic character state as in the case for Creseidae which was not a monophyletic group. Divergence times were also estimated, and suggested that the evolutionary history of Thecosomata was characterized by four major diversifying events. By bringing the knowledge of palaeontology, we propose a new evolutionary scenario for which macro-evolution implying morphological innovations were rhythmed by climatic changes and associated species turn-over that spread from the Eocene to Miocene, and were shaped principally by predation and shell buoyancy.
    [Show full text]