Conodontes E a Cronoestratigrafia Da Base Da Seção Pensilvaniana, Na Região De Itaituba, Porção Sul Da Bacia Do Amazonas, Brasil

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Conodontes E a Cronoestratigrafia Da Base Da Seção Pensilvaniana, Na Região De Itaituba, Porção Sul Da Bacia Do Amazonas, Brasil UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL INSTITUTO DE GEOCIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM GEOCIÊNCIAS CONODONTES E A CRONOESTRATIGRAFIA DA BASE DA SEÇÃO PENSILVANIANA, NA REGIÃO DE ITAITUBA, PORÇÃO SUL DA BACIA DO AMAZONAS, BRASIL SARA NASCIMENTO ORIENTADORA - Dra. Valesca Brasil Lemos CO-ORIENTADORA: Dra. Ana Karina Scomazzon BANCA EXAMINADORA Prof. Dra. Tânia Lindner Dutra – Instituto de Geologia, UNISINOS Prof. Dra. Karin Goldberg – Instituto de Geociências, UFRGS Prof. Dra. Deusana Machado – Departamento de Ciências Naturais, UNIRIO Tese de Doutorado apresentada como requisito parcial para obtenção do Título de Doutor em Geociências. Porto Alegre – 2008 Nascimento, Sara Conodontes e a cronoestratigrafia da base da seção pensilvaniana, na Região de Itaituba, Porção Sul da Bacia do Amazonas, Brasil. / Sara Nascimento. – Porto Alegre: IGEO/UFRGS, 2008. [246 f.]. il. Tese (Doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Instituto de Geociências. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências, Porto Alegre, RS - BR, 2008. 1. Paleotologia. 2. Conodontes. 3. Bioestratigrafia. 4. Formação Itaituba. 5. Bacia do Amazonas, Brasil. I. Título. _____________________________ Catalogação na Publicação Biblioteca do Instituto de Geociências - UFRGS Renata Cristina Grun CRB 10/1113 2 "Se pensas que não podemos salvar a todos, e que diferença alguém pode fazer? Precisas conhecer a alegria daquele que é salvo. Lamente pelos que não podemos salvar. Em louvor à sua existência, não deixe que sua perda seja em vão." (Jim Willis) As minhas colegas e amigas Ana Karina, Luciane, Valesca e Cris. Muito Obrigada! 3 AGRADECIMENTOS Movida por um imenso sentimento de gratidão ao ver concluído esse trabalho, quero convidar as pessoas que contribuíram, auxiliaram, acreditaram e alegraram-se do meu progresso a dividirem comigo esse êxito coletivo. Quero agradecer muito a minha mãe – OBRIGADA MÃE – eu te amo. A minha orientadora Valesca pelos vários puxões de orelha, “quase sempre” merecidos, he he he! Muito obrigada Valesca. A minha Co-orientadora e IRMÃ Ana Karina Scomazzon, a principal responsável por eu estar aqui. Foi em uma palestra da UNISINOS quando eu ainda estava na graduação. Desde então a vida dela se transformou num caos. Obrigadão Kaka. A minha outra IRMÃ Luciane Profs Moutinho pela paciência e dedicação. Pelas cansativas revisões do meu trabalho, você é felomenal. Obrigadão Lu. A providência, uma força oculta que entrou em minha vida já ha algum tempo que sempre me ajudou, me livrando dos perigos, fazendo com que eu sempre escolhesse o melhor caminho e sempre me salvando no último segundo. Obrigada providência. Ao meu Deus. Deus, sua filha favorita agradece! De novo A minha colega Cristiane Pakulski, por toda a incomodação que eu já causei e ainda vou causar e por ser uma parceira nota 10. Obrigada Cris. Ao meu sobrinho Wagner (in memoriam). Aos meus amigos Valesca, Ricardo e Aniele pelo apoio financeiro. Aos meus colegas de sala e amigos Cassiane (Leão da Seda) e Marcelo (Toni) pelo coleguismo. Aos meus amigos e colegas do Pós Sérgio Cabreira e Rodrigo, Cris, Ota, Vagner, Larissa, Núscia, Tina, Vladimir, Guga, Gringa, Cristianini e Chefe. Ao meu Amigo Roberto, meu protetor e a Letícia por estarem sempre atentos e dispostos a ajudar. Ao meu querido gnomo Elen.. Obrigada pessoal. Ao Nilo Matsuda, pela ajuda nos trabalhos de campo e por seu interesse em ajudar sempre. 4 À professora Tânia Dutra que sempre serviu de referência para mim como profissional e como pessoa, e também por ser a primeira pessoa que eu conheci dentro da paleontologia. À professora Renata Guimarães Netto, minha orientadora da graduação, que salvou minha vida quando me ofereceu uma bolsa de iniciação científica e por ter sido tão legal comigo. Ao CNPq pelo suporte financeiro e a UFRGS por ter se tornado minha casa. A minha amiga e quase irmã Raquel Elisa Lermen por ter descoberto os conodontes antes de mim durante uma palestra e me incentivar a fazer mestrado. À Veleida e a Renata, por tantas idas e vindas corrigindo e orientando minhas referências bibliográficas. Aos meus camaradas de luta Cris, Larissa, Bianca, Juan, Joana, Gisele e Giane pelos maravilhosos sábados de alegria. Às minhas meninas Indy, Sula, Lily, Kelly e ao meu menino Pato. Ao Paçoca pela ajuda com as referencias bibliográficas. A toda a gurizada do Campus do Vale – Leleca, Sophia, Alpha, Niki, MEV, Flor, Benjamim, Freitas, Packstone, Ursa, Malu, Bionda, Cabeluda, Getúlio e Thundra. Ao RU pela melhor comida do mundo Aos cobradores do T10, Viviane e Everaldo pela amizade e simpatia. Ao professor Ricardo Frank por me salvar da falência. Obrigada professor Ricardo. 5 RESUMO O presente estudo integra informações biocronoestratigráficas provenientes de estratos sedimentares de dois afloramentos a beira do Rio Tapajós e três pedreiras de calcário, localizados no sul do Estado do Pará. Estes cinco afloramentos compõem uma sucessão cronoestratigráfica – denominada seção do Tapajós. Os depósitos sedimentares desta seção aqui estudada são arenitos fluvio-eólicos, representados na porção superior da Formação Monte Alegre e carbonatos marinhos, nos estratos basais da Formação Itaituba. Os dados bioestratigráficos foram obtidos através da análise de microfósseis conodontes e as informações cronoestratigráficas, refinadas com auxílio de palinomorfos, configurando uma idade neomorrowana – mesoatokana para a seção do Tapajós. A associação de conodontes inclui elementos de Idiognathodus incurvus, Idiognathoides sinuatus, Neognathodus bothrops, N. bassleri, N. medadultimus, N. atokaensis, N. roundyi, Adetognathus lautus, Hindeodus minutus, Diplognathodus coloradoensis, D. orphanus, D. ellesmerensis, Rhachistognathus muricatus, Idioprioniodus sp., Ellisonia latilaminata, E. conflexa, Ubinates advena e Gondolella sp. Com exceção de Rhachistognathus muricatus, espécie típica do Morrowano, encontrada nos estratos mais superiores da Formação Monte Alegre e basais da Formação Itaituba, os demais elementos da associação são tipicamente atokanos. São aqui propostas duas zonas de amplitude do táxon Rhachistognathus muricatus e Diplognathodus orphanus e uma cenozona Idiognathodus incurvus/Neognathodus atokaensis/Neognathodus medadultimus para a seção analisada. Os palinomorfos Costatascyclus crenatus, Protohaploxypinus amplus, Spelaeotriletes arenaceus, S. triangulus, Meristocorpus explicatus, Striomonosaccites incrassatus e Meristocorpus sp. B são importantes para a bioestratigrafia e posicionam a porção superior da seção Tapajós – estratos da Formação Itaituba, no Atokano médio, corroborando com a idade atokana obtida pelos conodontes Idiognathodus incurvus e Diplognathodus orphanus. Nesta porção superior da seção do Tapajós é assinalada também a presença de um intervalo de sedimentação continental, sendo observada a presença de megásporos atribuídos ao Filo Lycophyta. 6 Novos gêneros de conodontes, Ellisonia, Ubinates e Gondolella são registrados pela primeira vez na Bacia do Amazonas. Esses gêneros são importantes indicadores paleoecológicos e auxiliam nos trabalhos de correlação com a América do Norte, em especial dos estratos pensilvanianos do Midcontinent. Os conodontes são encontrados principalmente nos packstones, wackestones e mudstones, e apresentam um Índice de Alteração de Cor que varia entre 1,5 e 2,0. Não existindo homogeneidade nas feições microestruturais. A fauna associada inclui braquiópodes, equinodermados, briozoários, corais, gastrópodes, foraminíferos, esponjas, ostracodes, trilobitas, escolecodontes, bivalvos e fragmentos de peixe, os quais auxiliam também na identificação das diferentes fácies de infra e intermaré estabelecidas. 7 ABSTRACT This study integrate biochronostratigraphic data from sedimentary strata of two outcrops along the Tapajós river and three limestone quarries, located in the southern State of Pará. These five outcrops comprise a chronostratigraphic succession - named Tapajós section. The sedimentary deposits of the section herein studied contain fluvio-eolic sandstones represented in the upper portion of Monte Alegre Formation and shallow marine limestones, in the basal strata of Itaituba Formation. The biostratigraphic data were obtained through analysis of microfossils conodonts and chronostratigraphic information refined with palinomorphs support, setting a late Morrowan – middle Atokan age to the Tapajós section. The conodont assemblage includes Idiognathodus incurvus, Idiognathoides sinuatus, Neognathodus bothrops, N. bassleri, N. medadultimus, N. atokaensis, N. roundyi, Adetognathus lautus, Hindeodus minutus, Diplognathodus coloradoensis, D. orphanus, D. ellesmerensis, Rhachistognathus muricatus, Idioprioniodus sp., Ellisonia latilaminata, E. conflexa, Ubinates advena and Gondolella sp. Despite the occurrence of Rhachistognathus muricatus, a Morrowan index, found from the upper Monte Alegre through lower level of Itaituba formation, all other elements are typical of Atokan age. Two taxon range zones are herein proposed: Rhachistognathus muricatus and Diplognathodus orphanus, and one assemblage zone: Idiognathodus incurvus/Neognathodus atokaensis/Neognathodus medadultimus, to the analyzed section. Palinomorphs Costatascyclus crenatus, Protohaploxypinus amplus, Spelaeotriletes arenaceus, S. triangulus, Meristocorpus explicatus, Striomonosaccites incrassatus and Meristocorpus sp. B are important biostratigraphic indexes, regarding the upper part of Tapajós section – strata of Itaituba Formation, to middle Atokan, corroborating with Atokan age obtained by conodonts Idiognathodus
Recommended publications
  • CONODONTS of the MOJCZA LIMESTONE -.: Palaeontologia Polonica
    CONODONTS OF THE MOJCZA LIMESTONE JERZY DZIK Dzik, J. 1994. Conodonts of the M6jcza Limestone. -In: J. Dzik, E. Olemp ska, and A. Pisera 1994. Ordovician carbonate platform ecosystem of the Holy Cross Moun­ tains. Palaeontologia Polonica 53, 43-128. The Ordovician organodetrital limestones and marls studied in outcrops at M6jcza and Miedzygorz, Holy Cross Mts, Poland, contains a record of the evolution of local conodont faunas from the latest Arenig (Early Kundan, Lenodus variabilis Zone) to the Ashgill (Amorphognathus ordovicicus Zone), with a single larger hiatus corre­ sponding to the subzones from Eop/acognathus pseudop/anu s to E. reclinatu s. The conodont fauna is Baltic in general appearance but cold water genera , like Sagitto­ dontina, Scabbardella, and Hamarodus, as well as those of Welsh or Chinese af­ finities, like Comp/exodus, Phragmodus, and Rhodesognathu s are dominant in par­ ticular parts of the section while others common in the Baltic region, like Periodon , Eop/acognathus, and Sca/pellodus are extremely rare. Most of the lineages continue to occur throughout most of the section enabling quantitative studies on their phyletic evolut ion. Apparatuses of sixty seven species of thirty six genera are described and illustrated. Phyletic evolution of Ba/toniodus, Amorphognathu s, Comp/exodus, and Pygodus is biometrically documented. Element s of apparatu ses are homolog ized and the standard notation system is applied to all of them. Acodontidae fam. n., Drepa­ nodus kie/censis sp. n., and D. santacrucensis sp. n. are proposed . Ke y w o r d s: conodonts, Ordovici an, evolut ion, taxonomy. Jerzy Dzik, Instytut Paleobiologii PAN, A/eja Zwirk i i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warszawa , Poland.
    [Show full text]
  • BIASES in INTERPRETATION of the FOSSIL RECORD of CONODONTS by MARK A
    [Special Papers in Palaeontology, 73, 2005, pp. 7–25] BETWEEN DEATH AND DATA: BIASES IN INTERPRETATION OF THE FOSSIL RECORD OF CONODONTS by MARK A. PURNELL* and PHILIP C. J. DONOGHUE *Department of Geology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; e-mail: [email protected] Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queens Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: The fossil record of conodonts may be among and standing generic diversity. Analysis of epoch ⁄ stage-level the best of any group of organisms, but it is biased nonethe- data for the Ordovician–Devonian interval suggests that less. Pre- and syndepositional biases, including predation there is generally no correspondence between research effort and scavenging of carcasses, current activity, reworking and and generic diversity, and more research is required to bioturbation, cause loss, redistribution and breakage of ele- determine whether this indicates that sampling of the cono- ments. These biases may be exacerbated by the way in which dont record has reached a level of maturity where few genera rocks are collected and treated in the laboratory to extract remain to be discovered. One area of long-standing interest elements. As is the case for all fossils, intervals for which in potential biases and the conodont record concerns the there is no rock record cause inevitable gaps in the strati- pattern of recovery of different components of the skeleton graphic distribution of conodonts, and unpreserved environ- through time. We have found no evidence that the increas- ments lead to further impoverishment of the recorded ing abundance of P elements relative to S and M elements spatial and temporal distributions of taxa.
    [Show full text]
  • Late Devonian Conodont Fauna of the Gümüflali Formation
    TurkishJournalofEarthSciences (TurkishJ.EarthSci.),Vol.9, 2000,pp.69-89. Copyright©TÜB‹TAK LateDevonianConodontFaunaoftheGümüflali Formation,theEasternTaurides,Turkey fiENOLÇAPKINO⁄LU&‹SMETGED‹K KaradenizTeknikÜniversitesi,JeolojiMühendisli¤iBölümü,TR-61080Trabzon,TURKEY (e-mail:[email protected]) Abstract: TheLateDevonianGümüflaliformationoftheeasternTauridesisaterrigenous-carbonaterocksequence about600mthick,consistingmainlyofquartzsandstone,quartzsiltstone,shale,andcarbonaterocks. Palaeontologicandsedimentologicdatamainlyindicateashallowsubtidaldepositionalenvironment.Thissequence generallyrepresentstheshallow-waterpolygnathid-icriodidbiofacies,andcontainsconodontfaunasthatrange fromtheUpperfalsiovalis ZoneintotheUpperpraesulcata Zone.However,theydonotcorrelatewelltotheLate Devonianstandardconodontzonationbecauseofthelackofzonallydiagnosticspeciesandtheirregularvertical distributionsofthepresenttaxa.Herein,54taxabelongingtoninegeneraaredescribedandillustratedfromthe studiedsection.Icriodusadanaensis,Icriodusfekeensis,andPolygnathusantecompressus arethenewlydescribed species. KeyWords: LateDevonian,conodont,Gümüflaliformation,easternTaurides,Turkey. GümüflaliFormasyonu’nun(Do¤uToroslar,Türkiye)GeçDevoniyen KonodontFaunas› Özet: Do¤uToroslarboyuncayayg›nyüzeylemeleriolanGeçDevoniyenyafll›Gümüflaliformasyonu,yaklafl›k600 metrekal›nl›¤aulaflanbirk›r›nt›l›-karbonatkayadizisidir.Litolojisinibafll›cakuvarskumtafl›,kuvarsmiltafl›,fleylve karbonatkayalar›n›noluflturdu¤ububiriminpaleontolojikvesedimantolojiközellikleri,çökelmeninbafll›cas›¤,gel- gitalt›ortamdageliflti¤ineiflareteder.Konodontfaunas›genelliklek›y›-yak›n›polygnathid-icriodidbiyofasiyesini
    [Show full text]
  • Back Matter (PDF)
    Index Page numbers in italic denote Figures. Page numbers in bold denote Tables. Acadian Orogeny 224 Ancyrodelloides delta biozone 15 Acanthopyge Limestone 126, 128 Ancyrodelloides transitans biozone 15, 17,19 Acastella 52, 68, 69, 70 Ancyrodelloides trigonicus biozone 15, 17,19 Acastoides 52, 54 Ancyrospora 31, 32,37 Acinosporites lindlarensis 27, 30, 32, 35, 147 Anetoceras 82 Acrimeroceras 302, 313 ?Aneurospora 33 acritarchs Aneurospora minuta 148 Appalachian Basin 143, 145, 146, 147, 148–149 Angochitina 32, 36, 141, 142, 146, 147 extinction 395 annulata Events 1, 2, 291–344 Falkand Islands 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 37 comparison of conodonts 327–331 late Devonian–Mississippian 443 effects on fauna 292–293 Prague Basin 137 global recognition 294–299, 343 see also Umbellasphaeridium saharicum limestone beds 3, 246, 291–292, 301, 308, 309, Acrospirifer 46, 51, 52, 73, 82 311, 321 Acrospirifer eckfeldensis 58, 59, 81, 82 conodonts 329, 331 Acrospirifer primaevus 58, 63, 72, 74–77, 81, 82 Tafilalt fauna 59, 63, 72, 74, 76, 103 ammonoid succession 302–305, 310–311 Actinodesma 52 comparison of facies 319, 321, 323, 325, 327 Actinosporites 135 conodont zonation 299–302, 310–311, 320 Acuticryphops 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 264 Anoplia theorassensis 86 Acutimitoceras 369, 392 anoxia 2, 3–4, 171, 191–192, 191 Acutimitoceras (Stockumites) 357, 359, 366, 367, 368, Hangenberg Crisis 391, 392, 394, 401–402, 369, 372, 413 414–417, 456 agnathans 65, 71, 72, 273–286 and carbon cycle 410–413 Ahbach Formation 172 Kellwasser Events 237–239, 243, 245, 252
    [Show full text]
  • Durham E-Theses
    Durham E-Theses Biotic recovery of conodonts following the end-Ordovician mass extinction Radclie, Gail How to cite: Radclie, Gail (1998) Biotic recovery of conodonts following the end-Ordovician mass extinction, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4686/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk Biotic Recovery of Conodonts following the End-Ordovician Mass Extinction Gail Radcliffe Department of Geological Sciences University of Durham The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published without the written consent of the author an information derived from it should be acknowledged. Volume 2 1? ..... .A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy , University of Durham 1998 / Volume 2 Table of Contents Title Page i Table of Contents ii Appendix A: Systematic Palaeontology A.1 Introduction Al A.
    [Show full text]
  • Durham E-Theses
    Durham E-Theses The palaeobiology of the panderodontacea and selected other euconodonts Sansom, Ivan James How to cite: Sansom, Ivan James (1992) The palaeobiology of the panderodontacea and selected other euconodonts, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5743/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be pubHshed without his prior written consent and information derived from it should be acknowledged. THE PALAEOBIOLOGY OF THE PANDERODONTACEA AND SELECTED OTHER EUCONODONTS Ivan James Sansom, B.Sc. (Graduate Society) A thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Durham Department of Geological Sciences, July 1992 University of Durham. 2 DEC 1992 Contents CONTENTS CONTENTS p. i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS p. viii DECLARATION AND COPYRIGHT p.
    [Show full text]
  • Papers in Press
    Papers in Press “Papers in Press” includes peer-reviewed, accepted manuscripts of research articles, reviews, and short notes to be published in Paleontological Research. They have not yet been copy edited and/or formatted in the publication style of Paleontological Research. As soon as they are printed, they will be removed from this website. Please note they can be cited using the year of online publication and the DOI, as follows: Humblet, M. and Iryu, Y. 2014: Pleistocene coral assemblages on Irabu-jima, South Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Paleontological Research, doi: 10.2517/2014PR020. doi:10.2517/2017PR023 Missourian (Kasimovian, Late Pennsylvanian) conodonts from limestone boulders, Mizuboradani Valley, Gifu Prefecture, central Japan AcceptedTAKUMI MAEKAWA1, TOSHIFUMI KOMATSU2, GENGO TANAKA3, MARK WILLIAMS4, CHRISTOPHER P. STOCKER4, MASATOSHI OKURA5 and AKIHIRO UMAYAHARA6 1Center for Water Cycle, Marine Environment, and Disaster Management, Marine Science Laboratory, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 850-8555, Japan (e-mail: [email protected]) 2Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan ([email protected]) 3Institute of Liberal Arts and Science, Kanazawamanuscript University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan (e-mail: [email protected]) 4School of Geography, Geology and Environment, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LEI 7RH, UK ([email protected]) 5Naka 86, Minamiyama-cho, Konan, Aichi 483-8155, Japan 6Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan Abstract. Two Late Pennsylvanian conodont species, Gondolella sublanceolata Gunnell and Idiognathodus sulciferus Gunnell, were extracted from limestone boulders in the Mizuboradani Valley, Fukuji district, central Japan.
    [Show full text]
  • An Early Triassic Conodont with Periodic Growth?
    Journal of Micropalaeontology, 16: 6572. 0262-821X/97 $10.00 0 1997 British Micropalaeontological Society. An Early Triassic conodont with periodic growth? ZHANG SHUNXIN’, RICHARD J. ALDRIDGE2 & PHILIP C. J. DONOGHUEZ93 China University of Geosciences, 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China. 2Department of Geology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK. Present address: School of Earth Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. ABSTRACT - Elements of a new Triassic conodont genus Parapachycladina, from the Lower Triassic Beisi Formation of western Guangxi Province, China, show a characteristic pattern of lamellar edges in the recessive basal margin. The lamellae are grouped in sets of 8-10, with broad interlamellar spaces between each set. If this apparent periodicity reflects annual cycles, the specimens were not more than four years old when they ceased growing. .I.Micropalaeontol. 16(1): 65-12, May 1997. INTRODIJCTION 1991), sample YT228, Beisi Formation (Lower Triassic), Lower Triassic conodonts were fkst described by Muller (1956), Taiping, Pingguo, Western Guangxi Province, China. Holotype: and have subsequently become quite well known. One char- specimen 59875, China University of Geosciences, Beijing acteristic member of the fauna is the genus Pachycladina, which (Zhang, in Zhang and Yang, 1991, pl. 3, figs 7a, 7b). occurs in shallow-water deposits in Europe, North America and Diagnosis. Apparatus seximembrate, composed of ramiform China. Founded by Staesche (1964) as a form genus, with P. elements with intergrading morphology. Pa extensiform digy- obliqua Staesche as type species, the multielement nature of rate, Pb extensiform to breviform digyrate, M breviform Pachycladina was recognized by Sweet (198 1) in the Treatise on digyrate, Sa alate with posterior process, Sb breviform digyrate, Invertebrate Paleontology.
    [Show full text]
  • Sepkoski, J.J. 1992. Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families
    MILWAUKEE PUBLIC MUSEUM Contributions . In BIOLOGY and GEOLOGY Number 83 March 1,1992 A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families 2nd edition J. John Sepkoski, Jr. MILWAUKEE PUBLIC MUSEUM Contributions . In BIOLOGY and GEOLOGY Number 83 March 1,1992 A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families 2nd edition J. John Sepkoski, Jr. Department of the Geophysical Sciences University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois 60637 Milwaukee Public Museum Contributions in Biology and Geology Rodney Watkins, Editor (Reviewer for this paper was P.M. Sheehan) This publication is priced at $25.00 and may be obtained by writing to the Museum Gift Shop, Milwaukee Public Museum, 800 West Wells Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233. Orders must also include $3.00 for shipping and handling ($4.00 for foreign destinations) and must be accompanied by money order or check drawn on U.S. bank. Money orders or checks should be made payable to the Milwaukee Public Museum. Wisconsin residents please add 5% sales tax. In addition, a diskette in ASCII format (DOS) containing the data in this publication is priced at $25.00. Diskettes should be ordered from the Geology Section, Milwaukee Public Museum, 800 West Wells Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233. Specify 3Y. inch or 5Y. inch diskette size when ordering. Checks or money orders for diskettes should be made payable to "GeologySection, Milwaukee Public Museum," and fees for shipping and handling included as stated above. Profits support the research effort of the GeologySection. ISBN 0-89326-168-8 ©1992Milwaukee Public Museum Sponsored by Milwaukee County Contents Abstract ....... 1 Introduction.. ... 2 Stratigraphic codes. 8 The Compendium 14 Actinopoda.
    [Show full text]
  • Dhanda, R., Murdock, DJE, Repetski, JE, Donoghue, PCJ, & Smith, MP
    Dhanda, R., Murdock, D. J. E., Repetski, J. E., Donoghue, P. C. J., & Smith, M. P. (2019). The apparatus composition and architecture of Erismodus quadridactylus and the implications for element homology in prioniodinin conodonts. Papers in Palaeontology, 5(4), 657-677. https://doi.org/10.1002/spp2.1257 Peer reviewed version Link to published version (if available): 10.1002/spp2.1257 Link to publication record in Explore Bristol Research PDF-document This is the author accepted manuscript (AAM). The final published version (version of record) is available online via Wiley at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/spp2.1257 . Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher. University of Bristol - Explore Bristol Research General rights This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/red/research-policy/pure/user-guides/ebr-terms/ THE APPARATUS COMPOSITION AND ARCHITECTURE OF ERISMODUS QUADRIDACTYLUS AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR ELEMENT HOMOLOGY IN PRIONIODININ CONODONTS By ROSIE DHANDA1, DUNCAN J. E. MURDOCK2, JOHN E. REPETSKI3 and PHILIP C. J. DONOGHUE4 and M. PAUL SMITH2 * 1School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; [email protected] 2 Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PW, UK; [email protected], [email protected] 3 U.S. Geological Survey, MS 926A
    [Show full text]
  • Conodonts (Vertebrata)
    Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 6 (2): 119–153 Issued 23 May 2008 doi:10.1017/S1477201907002234 Printed in the United Kingdom C The Natural History Museum The interrelationships of ‘complex’ conodonts (Vertebrata) Philip C. J. Donoghue Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen’s Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK Mark A. Purnell Department of Geology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK Richard J. Aldridge Department of Geology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK Shunxin Zhang Canada – Nunavut Geoscience Office, 626 Tumit Plaza, Suite 202, PO Box 2319, Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada X0A 0H0 SYNOPSIS Little attention has been paid to the suprageneric classification for conodonts and ex- isting schemes have been formulated without attention to homology, diagnosis and definition. We propose that cladistics provides an appropriate methodology to test existing schemes of classification and in which to explore the evolutionary relationships of conodonts. The development of a multi- element taxonomy and a concept of homology based upon the position, not morphology, of elements within the apparatus provide the ideal foundation for the application of cladistics to conodonts. In an attempt to unravel the evolutionary relationships between ‘complex’ conodonts (prioniodontids and derivative lineages) we have compiled a data matrix based upon 95 characters and 61 representative taxa. The dataset was analysed using parsimony and the resulting hypotheses were assessed using a number of measures of support. These included bootstrap, Bremer Support and double-decay; we also compared levels of homoplasy to those expected given the size of the dataset and to those expected in a random dataset.
    [Show full text]
  • Conodont Apparatus Reconstruction from the Lower Carboniferous Hart River Formation, Norther Yukon Territory
    University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2016 Conodont Apparatus Reconstruction from the Lower Carboniferous Hart River Formation, Norther Yukon Territory Lanik, Amanda Lanik, A. (2016). Conodont Apparatus Reconstruction from the Lower Carboniferous Hart River Formation, Norther Yukon Territory (Unpublished master's thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/25420 http://hdl.handle.net/11023/3324 master thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Conodont Apparatus Reconstruction from the Lower Carboniferous Hart River Formation, Northern Yukon Territory by Amanda Lanik A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE GRADUATE PROGRAM IN GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS CALGARY, ALBERTA SEPTEMBER, 2016 © Amanda Lanik 2016 Abstract Conodonts sampled from the Lower Carboniferous Hart River Formation have yielded abundant, well-preserved elements with a relatively low diversity of species. In addition, they do not display much platform-overrepresentation, a phenomenon affecting the majority of Late Paleozoic conodont samples. These qualities make the Hart River conodont samples ideal for statistical apparatus reconstruction. The elements were divided into groups based on morphology and counted. Cluster analysis, in addition to empirical observations made during the counting process, was then used to reconstruct the original apparatus composition for the species present.
    [Show full text]