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I I 73-1936 BAXTER, Sonny, 1933- C0N0D0NT BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE MISSISSIPPIAN OF WESTERN ALBERTA AND ADJACENT BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1972 Paleontology

University Microfilms, A XjEROXCompany, Ann Arbor, Michigan

<§) 1972

Sonny Baxter

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFIIMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED. CONODONT BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF TIIE WISSISSIPPIAN

OF WESTERN ALBERTA AND ADJACENT BRITISH

COLUMBIA, CANADA

DISSERTATION

Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio S ta te U niversity

By

Sonny Baxter, B.Sc., M.Sc

The Ohio S ta te U niversity 1972

Approved by

~ Adviser Department of Geology PLEASE NOTE:

Some pages may have

indistinct print.

Filmed as received.

University Microfilms, A Xerox Education Company ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The writer is grateful to the members of his advisory com­ mittee, Dr, W.C. Sweet, supervisor, and Drs. S.M. BergstrUm and

J.W. Collinson, for the advice and guidance provided throughout this study. The Geology Department of The Ohio S ta te U niversity generously supplied the large quantities of acid required for this p ro je c t.

I am also thankful to Dr. A.A. Levinson and Mr. D.W. Harvey of the University of Calgary for permission to use a lab in the Geology

Department in the summer of 1970, Dr. E.W. Batnber of the Geologic

Survey of Canada helped to collect the sections at Moose Mountain.

Dr. J.L. Carter of the University of Illinois provided some assistance in the field, and discussing with him the various aspects of Mississip- pian stratigraphy in western Canada was of great benefit to this writer.

Dr. T.L. Thompson of the Missouri Geological Survey and Dr. R.E.

Ethington of the University of Missouri at Columbia kindly allowed inspection of their collections of Kississipplan conodonts.

Grants from the Friends of Orton Hall, and from the Penrose

Fund of the Geological Society of America defrayed some of the costs of the field work.

However, my greatest vote of thanks goes to my wife, Joyce.

Her continued support and help were the most important contributions to this study. i l VITA

December 28, 1933 . . . Born - Vernon, British Columbia, Canada

1966 ...... B.Sc. University of British Columbia,

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

1966 - 1968 ...... Geologist, Pan American Petroleum Corporation

Calgary, Alberta, Canada

1968 - 1969 ...... Teaching Assistant, Department of Geology

The University of Calgary

Calgary, Alberta, Canada

1969 ...... M.Sc. in Geology, The University of Calgary,

Calgary, Alberta, Canada

1969 - 1970 ...... Research Associate, Department of Geology

The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio

1970 - 1972 ...... Teaching Associate, Department of Geology

The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio

i i i TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLED GMENTS...... i i

VITA...... i i

LIST OF TABLES...... x

LIST OF CHARTS...... x i

LIST OF TEXT FIG U R ES...... x i

INTRODUCTION......

Purpose and Scope of Study ......

Techniques ......

STRATIGRAPHY ......

Regional Stratigraphy ...... Introduction ...... History of Mississippian Studies in Western Canada.

Lithostratigraphy ...... 11 Introduction...... 11 Exsliav/ Form ation ...... 11 Banff Format io n ...... 12 Rundle Group, ...... 12 Livingstone Formation ...... 13 Mt. Head Form ation ...... 13 Etherington Formation ...... 14 Pelcisko FormatiTSn ...... 15 Shunda Formation...... 15 Turner Valley Formation ...... 15

Biostratigraphy ...... 16 Fossil Zones Recognized in the Mississippian of Western Canada ...... 16 iv Page

Previous Studies of Mississippian Conodonts in Western Canada ...... 17 Conodont Zonation ...... 18 S Iphonodel'la sandborgi-S. duplicata Z o n e ...... 20 S iphonodella-Pseudopolygnathus Z one ...... 20 Polygnathus vogesi-Spathognathodus n. sp. J Subzone ...... 21 Slphonodella cooperi hassi-Gnathodus punctatus Zone...... 21 Gnathodus scmiglaber"Polygnathus communis carinus Zone ...... 22 Bactrognathus-Pseudopoly,qnatlius m ultistriatus Zone...... 22 Pseudopolygnathus m ultistriatus Subzone .... 22 Xaniognathus Subzone ...... 23 Bac trognathus-Taphrognathus Z o n e ...... 23 Taphrognathus-hambdagnathus Zone ...... 24 Taphrognathus v a ria n s -Apatognathus Zone ...... 25 Apatognathus scalen u s-Cavusgnathus Zone ...... 25 C hester (u n d iv id e d )...... 26 Regional Correlations ...... 26 Introduction ...... 26 Ferule Area (section All) ...... 27 Flathead Area (section AW) ...... 28 Crowsnest Area (section AG) ...... 28 Gap Area (sections AE, AF) ...... 30 Highwood Area (sectio n AR)...... 30 Tunnel Area (sections Al, AQ) ...... 31 Pigeon-Grotto Area (sections AA,AB,AC,AD,AS). . . . 32 Exshaw Area (sections AJ, AK, AU) ...... 32 Moose Area (sections AL, AM) ...... 34 Cross field Area (sections AX, AY, A Z ) ...... 35 Cadomin Area (sections AN, AO, AP) ...... 35 Morro Area (section A T) ...... 35 Bear Villa #1 Well (section AV)...... 37 Tidewater Eastend Crown #1 Well (section A0). . . . 37 v Page

Conclusions ...... 38

PALEONTOLOGY...... - ...... 41

S tra tig ra p h ic a lly Im portant Conodonts ...... 41 Introduction ...... 41 Apatognathus ...... 42 Cavusgnathus and Taphrognathus ...... 42

Dinodus 1 ■ ‘ and Blietognathus ‘ ■■ ■ "■»*•* ...... 43 G n ath o d u s ...... 45 Polygnathus ...... 46 Siphonodella ...... 46 S pa thognathodus ...... 49 Staurognathus ...... 50 Xaniognathus ...... 51

Systematic Paleontology ...... 52 Introduction ...... 52 Taxonomy ...... 54 Apatognathus Branson and Jfehl, 1934 ...... 54 Apatognathus chauliodus V arker, 1967 ...... 54 Apatognathus cuspidatus Varker, 1967 ...... 55 Apatognathus libratus Varker, 1967 ...... 55 Apatognathus potilus Varker, 1967 ...... 55 Apatognathus scalenus Varker, 1967 ...... 56 Apatognathus? n. sp, A ...... 56 Apatognathus sp ...... 57 Cavusgnathus H arris and H ollingsw orth, 1933 .... 57 Cavusgnathus sp ...... 58 Clydagnathus Rhodes, Austin and Druce, 1969 .... 58 Clydagnathus cavusformis Rhodes, Austin and Druce, 1969 ...... 59 Dinodus Cooper, 1939 59 Dinodus s p ...... 59

v i Page

Elictognathus Cooper, 1939 ...... 60 Elictognathus bialatus (Branson & Mchl, 1934). . 60 Elietognathus laceratus (Branson & Mehl, 1934) . 60 Poliognathus Branson & Mehl, 1941 ...... 60 Doliognathus sp ...... 61 Gnathodus Pander, 1856 ...... 61 Gnathodus bilineatus (Roundy, 1926)...... 62 Gnathodus cunelformis Mehl & Thomas, 1947, . . . 63 Gnathodus dellcatus Branson & Mehl, 1938 .... 64 Gnathodus kockell B lsch o ff, 1957 ...... 64 Gnathodus punctatus (Cooper, 1939) ...... 65 Gnathodus semlglaber Blschoff, 1957 ...... 66 Gnathodus texanus Roundy, 1927...... 66 Gnathodus sp. cf. G. commutatns (Branson & Mchl, 1941) ...... 67 Gnathodus sp. cf. G. typicus Cooper, 1939. . . . 68 Gnathodus sp ...... 68 TUbbardella B assler, 1925 ...... 68 Hibbardella sp ...... 69 Illndcodella Bassler, 1925 ...... 69 Illndeodella segaformis Bischoff, 1957 ...... 69 Hlndeodella sp ...... 69 Hlndeodus Rexroad & Furnish, 1964 ...... 70 Uindeodus sp ...... 70 I.ambdagnathus Rexroad, 1958 ...... 70 Lambdagnathus new species V ...... 70 Ligonodina Bassler, 1925 71 Ligonod ina sp ...... 71 LonchodIna Bassler, 1925 71 Lonchodlna sp. cf. L. arcuata Ulrich & Bassler, 1926 ...... 72 Lonchodlna sp. cf. L. paraclarki Hass, 1953. . . 72

v i i £322. Loncliodinn typical is Bassler, 1925 ...... 72 '..onchocllna sp. . 73 Magnilaterclla Rexroad & Collinson, 1963 ...... 73 Magnilaterclla sp ...... 73 M agnilaterc lla ? s p ...... 73 Metalonchodina Branson & Mehl, 1941 ...... 74 Met alone hod ina sp...... 74 Neoprioniodus Rhodes & MUller, 1956 ...... 74 Neoprioniodus sp. cf. N. conjunct:us (Gunnell, 1931) 75 Neoprionf.odus ligo (llass, 1953)...... 75 Neoprioniodns peracntus (Hinde, 1900)...... 77 Neoprioniodus new species A ...... 78 Neoprlonlodus n. sp.? ...... 79 Neoprioniodus sp ...... 79 Nobhognathclla Bravison & Mehl, 1934 ...... 79 Nofchognathol l a s p ...... 79 Ozarkodina (Branson & Mehl, 1933) ...... 80 Ozarkodina sp. cf. 0. coinpressa Rexroad, 1957. . . 80 Ozarkodina sp. cf. 0. curvata Rexroad, 1958. . . . 81 Ozarkodina sp. cf, 0. laevipostica Rexroad & C ollinson, 1963 81 Ozarkodina n. sp. B ...... 81 Ozarkodina? n. sp. A ...... 82 Ozarkodina sp, ...... 83 Palmatolepls Ulrich & Bassler, 1926 ...... 84 Palmafcolepis sp . 84 Pabrognathus Rhodes, Austin & Druce, 1969 ...... 84 Patrognabhus andersoni IClapper, 1971 ...... 84 Polygnathus Hinde, 1879 ...... 85 Polygnathus communis communis Branson & Mehl, 1879 85 Polygnathus communis carinus Hass, 1959 ...... 86 Polygnathus mehll Thompson, 1967 ...... 87

v i i i g a s a

Polygnathus vogesi Ziegler, 1962 ...... 87 Polygnathus sp. cf, P. Inornatus Branson, 1934 . . 88 Polygnathus sp ...... 89 Psendopolygnathus Branson & Melil, 1934 ...... 89 Pscudopolygnathus dentilineatus E.R. Branson, 1934 89 Pseiidopolygnathus fusiformls Branson & Mehl, 1934. 90 P.scudopolygnathus marginatus (Branson & Mehl, 1934) 90 Pseudopolygnathus m u ltis tria tu s Mehl & Thomas, 1947 91 Pscudopolygnathus primus Branson & Mehl, 1934. . , 91 Pseudopolygnathus triangulus triangulus Voges, 1959 91 Pseudopo 1 y gnat~.hus n. sp. X ...... 92 Pscudopolygnathus sp ...... 93 Siphonodella Branson & Mehl, 1944 ...... 93 Siphonodclla cooperi Ilass, 1959 93 SIphonodella cooper1 cooper! Hass, 1959...... 93 Siphonodella cooperi h a ssl Thompson & Fellow s, 1970 94 SIphonodella crcnulata (Cooper, 1939) ...... 94 Siphonodella duplicate (Branson & Mehl, 1934). . . 94 Siphonodella lobata (Branson & Mehl, 1934) .... 95 Siphonodella isosticha (Cooper, 1939) ...... 95 Siphonodclla sp. cf, S. isosticha (Cooper) Klapper, 1971...... 96 Siphonodella obsolete Hass, 1959 ...... 96 Siphonodella quadruplicate (Branson & Mehl, 1934), 97 Siphonodella sandbergi Klapper, 1966 ...... 97 Siphonodella sp ...... 98 Spathognathpdus Branson & Mehl, 1941 ...... 98 Spathognath odus abnormis (Branson & Mehl, 1934). . 99 Spathognathpdus anteposicornls S c o tt, 1961 .... 99 Spathognathpdus coalesccns Rexroad & Collinson, 1965 T ...... 100 Spathognathpdus sp. cf. S. cristulus Youngqulst & M iller, 1949 ...... 100

ix Page

Spathognathpdus jugosus (Branson & Mehl, 1934) , . 101 Spathognathpdus praclongus, Cooper, 1943 ...... 102 Spathognathpdus sc itu lu s (Hinde, 1900) ...... 102 Spathognathpdus sp. cf. S. aculeatus (Branson t* Mehl, 1934) ...... 103 Spathognathodus sp, cf. S. stabilise (Branson & Mehl, 1934) ...... 103 Spathognathodu3 sp. cf. S. strigosus (Branson & Mehl, 1934) ...... f ...... 105 Spathognathodus n. sp. J ...... 106 Spathognathodus sp ...... 106 Spathognnthodtis? n. sp. A ...... 108 Staurognathus Branson & Mehl, 1941 ...... 109 Staurognathus n. sp. Z ...... 109 Staurognathus n.sp.Y ...... I l l Staurognathus n.sp.X ...... I l l Synprioniodina Bassler, 1925...... 112 Synprioniod ina sp ...... 113 Taphrognathus Branson & Mehl, 1941...... 113 Taphrognathus varians Branson & Mehl, 1941 .... 114 Taphrognathus n, sp, K ...... 114 Taphrognathus n. sp. L ...... 116 Taphrognathus n. sp. M ...... 116 Xaniognathus Sweet, 1970 ...... 118 Xaniognathus primus (Elias, 1956) ...... 118 Xaniognathus n. sp. W ...... 120 Xaniognathus? n. sp. U ...... 120 Xaniognathus n. sp. V ...... 121 Xaniognathus - Staurognathus Transition ...... 122

REFERENCES CITED ...... 123

-• • PLATES 1 - 2 0 ...... 133

APPENDIX...... 179

x LIST OF TABLES

Table Pa^e

1. Code-numbers of Conodont Species Pocket

2. Distribution of Conodont Species, Section AG . . . • In Pocke t

3. Distribution of Conodont Species, Section AX, AY,AZ ...... In Pocket

4. Distribution of Conodont Species, Section AR . . . In Pocket

5. Distribution of Conodont Species, Section AT . . . In Pocket

6. Distribution of Conodont S pecins, Section AF . . . . In Pocket

7. Distribut ion of Conodont S p ecies, Section AD . . . . In Pocket

8. Distribution of Conodont S p ecies, Section AB . . . In Pocket

9. Distribution of Conodont S p ecies, Section AJ . . . In Pocket

10. Distribution of Conodont S p ecies, Section AC . . . In Pocket

11. Distribution of Conodont Species, Sections AL,AM . In Pocket

12. Distribution of Conodont Species, Section AH . . . . In Pocket

13. Distribution of Conodont S p ecies, Section AK . . . In Pocket

14. Dis tr ibution of Conodont Species, Section AE . . . . In Pocket

15. Dis tribution of Conodont S p ecies, Section AP . . . . In Pocket

16. Distribution. of Conodont S p ecies, Section AO . . . . In Pocket

17. Distribution of Conodont Species, Section AW . . . . In Pocket

18. Dis tribution of Conodont Species, Section AA . . . . In Pocket

19. Dis tribution of Conodonts, Section AQ. . Pocket

20. Distribution of Conodont Species, Section AX . . . . In Pocket LIST OF CHARTS

Chart P?Se.

1. Location Map ...... 3

2. Lithostratigraphic Correlation of the Mississippian in Southwestern Canada ...... 8

3. Biostratigraphic Correlation of the Mississippian in Southwestern Canada ...... In Pocket

4. Ranges of Stratigraphically Important Conodont S p ecies ...... In Pocket

5. Comparison of Previous Interpretations ...... In Pocket

LIST OF TEXT FIGURES

Figure Page

1. Taphrognathus ...... 44

^ • Cavusgnathus ...... 44

3. Siphonodella ...... 44

^• Gnathodus bilineatus ...... 107

5. Gnathodus cuneiformis ...... 107

6. Spathognathodus n. sp. A ...... 107

x i i INTRODUCTION

Purpose and Scope of This Study

In the southern Canadian Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains sedimentary strata of Mississippian age are widespread, and are now well known through the work of a number of geologists. Of these the most significant contributions are probably the studies of Moore

(1958), Nelson (1961), Green (1962), Macauley ej: a l, (1964), and most

re c e n tly Macqueen and Bamber (1968a,b).

However there are s t i l l problems involving the c o rre la tio n of

these strata, not only locally, but also with the reference standard

of the Mississippian System. That is, by compiling the results of

studies undertaken by himself with information published by others,

Green (1962) established a sequence of biostratigraphic zones based

on assemblages of brachiopods and corals. Using this zonal scheme

he concluded that the Mississippian succession in western Canada is re g io n a lly diachronous. Macqueen and Bamber (1968a), on the other

hand, also used brachiopods and corals for correlation, but concluded

that many of the stratigraphic boundaries that separate Mississippian

rock units arc essentially time parallel. Clearly both conclusions

cannot be accepted. Furthermore Nelson (1961), Green (1963), and

others reach different conclusions about the age of at least some

Mississippian rock units in western Canada (in terms of the standard

section in the Upper Mississippi Valley) than do Macqueen and Bamber

1 (1968a). It is the intent of this study to examine this problem

using a different, and perhaps more useful, group of fossils,

Conodonts are thought to have been pelagic animals, and because

many species seem to have had a very wide geographic distribution, the

author has made systematic collections of these fossils from Missis­

sippian rocks in western Canada to determine if their distribution

may serve to resolve previously contradictory conclusions with respect

to local and extraregional correlation of these strata. The results

of this study are the basis for this report.

The Mississippian succession in the southern Canadian Rocky

Mountains is between two and three thousand feet thick, and exposures

are widespread. Many sections, however, arc difficult of access, and

collecting from these the large samples required for this study is

physically demanding. Therefore field studies were confined to the

measurement and sampling of 21 surface and six subsurface sections,

the lo catio n s of which are shown on C hart 1. The sections were

selected to provide a reasonable geographic coverage and to supply

samples from all the major lithofacies of the Mississippian of western

Canada. All of the surface sections that were sampled are coincident with, or close to, sections descr-ibed and sampled by other geologists.

The samples c o llected from these sections yielded more than

18,000 conodont elements. This number docs not include the specimens

observed on the core matei'ial and the hand specimens of arkose

borrowed from Dr. R. Green of the Alberta Research Council, nor those

recovered from the section at Crowsnest Pass. The latter are conser­

vatively estimated to number more than 10,000. Lm ttr Slav* L (**

DMONTON

CAOOMM

RED OEEI

to

MILE*

CALGARY

tlQU <# atU4.TlM LiXAUTlU J ( w r w i------■car junrzms.

AC AO

THBROGE

Chart 1, Location Map Techniques

The methods outlined by Collinson (1963, 1965) have been

followed. Based on experience acquired while completing this project, the follow ing procedures are recommended for conodont work in the

Mississippian of Western Canada,

a) Samples recovered from thrust sheets in the Rocky Moun­

ta in s should not be crushed, for th is w ill damage

individual elements. Material from the subsurface of the

Alberta Plains does not appear to be affected. Dolomites,

such as the ones sampled at Cadomin, must be crushed to

facilitate acid treatment.

b) Acetic acid is adequate to dissolve the limestones of the

Rundte Group, but those of the Banff Formation should be

treated with formic acid. The presence of finely divided

sulfides, and argillaceous material inhibits the dissolving

action of acetic acid.

c) To obtain representative collections, a one-kilogram

sample of limestone samples should be 2 kg, and many of

the members of the Mt. Head Formation require even larger

samples. Study of the core material from Cross field indi­

cates, however, that small samples of 300 to 500 gms,

collected from closely and evenly spaced intervals, can

provide enough information to place such a section within

an existing stratigraphic framework.

d) The optimum combination of screens used to separate the

in soluble residues is such th at the #16 through #100 mesh fraction is retained,

e) Magnetic separation is useful for some of the Banff

samples, and essential for the material from Crowsnest

Pass. Residues from Rundle Group samples generally contain

less than one percent of magnetic material, and separation

of this is of little value.

f) Heavy liquid separation, using tetrabromeothane is of

value throughout, except for some of the samples from the

Mt. Head Formation. The insoluble residues of these may

contain in excess of 90 percent finely divided, crystal­

line fluorite.

Sections AA has been measured by Dr. A.R. Sweet of the Geolog­ ical Survey of Canada and the author using a steel tape. The lower p a rt of se c tio n AC was measured by Mr. F oster Kirby of Calgary and

-the-writer using a Brunton compass and a steel tape. All other surface sections have been measured using a pole marked at one-foot intervals.

All samples collected from surface sections range in weight

from 1.5 to 2.5 kilograms. Most of these were dissolved completely.

The in so lu b le residues o f Banff samples varied in the amount of chert present; those from the Livingstone Formation yielded varying amounts of small, discrete dolomite rhombs. Many residues from Mt.

Head samples were rich in fluorite.

Sampling of sections AA, AB, AC, and AD was undertaken

initially to obtain channel samples of the entire stratigraphic

interval exposed at those sections. Subsequent sampling at these, as well as all other sections was such as to obtain approximately equally spaced spot samples, Through the courtesy of Amoco Canada

Ltd. a number of six-inch samples, spaced five feet apart, were collected from slabs retained from three well-cores cut at the

Crossfield, Alberta, gas field.

Specimens were photographed using a 35 mm single-lens reflex camera, a 28 mm, wide-angle camera lens, and a sufficient length of extension tubes and bellows to provide a linear magnification of up to I6x, The use of a variable teleconverter doubled or tripled this to yield a final magnification of as much as 48x on the negative.

Contact prints of the negatives were used to assemble the plates.

The film used was Tri-X, developed for an exposure index of 800 in

Edwal FG-7. An electronic flash unit provided enough light and e li­ minated the problems due to excessive heat and long exposures that are generally associated with incandescent light sources. Photo­ graphing at f/16 provided adequate depth of field, and as the lens was reversed, the specimens were in focus at a distance of about one inch from the lens. This allowed a high angle of incidence for the light, and made whitening of the specimens unnecessary. The length of the combination of bellows and tubes was adjusted to provide the desired magnification, and the system was focused by varying the distance between the lens and the specimen being photographed. 7

STRATIGRAPHY

Regional Stratigraphy

Introduction

Three major rock units can be recognized within the Missis-

sippian of the southern Canadian Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains.

In ascending order these are the Exsliaw and Banff form ations, and

the Rundle Group. Two different sequences of formations are recog­ nized w ithin the Rundle Group. Of these the w estern facies (Macqueen

and Bamber, 1968a, p. 2) consists of the Livingstone, Mt. Head, and

Etherington formations, whereas the eastern facies is characterized by the sequence Pekisko, Shunda and Turner Valley, again overlain b y the Mt. Head and Etherington formations. The lithologic units

that can be recognized in the various areas studied while preparing

th is re p o rt are shown on Chart 2. I t should be noted however, th a t

the horizontal lines shown on that chart are not intended to imply

time-relationships. Chart 3 on the other hand, shows all the time- relationships that could be deduced from this study,

History of Mississippian Studies in Western Canada

The Upper Paleozoic strata exposed in the Bow Valley were

first described by McConnel (1887). Kindle (1924) proposed a two­

fold division for the r o c k s of the Mississippian succession, and established the names for the Banff and Rundle formations. The type section of these units, at the north end of Mt. Rundle near Banff, Area FERNIE GAP HIGHWOOD TUNNEL PIGEON-GROTTC EXSHAW

(Sections) (AI.AQ) A A. A B, AC. A 0. A S) (AJ.AKAU) (AX,AYAZ)

Carnarvon Member UPPER Opal Member MT. HEAD FM. MT. HEAD Marston Mbr

o s m beLo is L oom is M em b erLoom LOWER FORMATION S a lte r Salter Member MT. HEAD MT. HEAD’ MT. HEAD Bari! Mbr. FORMATION FORMATION Wileman Mbr. FORMATION

TURNER Upper Porous

Middle D e n se Mbr.VALLEY

LIVINGSTONE FORMATION FORMATION Elkion Member

SHUNDA FORMATION

PEKISKO FORMATION

BANFF FORMATION

EXSHAW FORMATION

Chart 2. Lithostratigraphic Correlation of the Mississippian in Southwestern Canada Alberta (Chart 1), was first described by Warren (1927), a descrip­ tion later supplemented by Beales (1950). Douglas (1953, 1958) elevated the Rundle Formation to group status and divided it into three units, the Livingstone, Mt, Head, and Etherington formations.

Douglas also recognized six members w ith in the Mt. Head Formation, the Wileinan, Baril, Salter, Loomis, Marston, and Carnarvon members, and named two units within the Livingstone Formation. These, the

Pekisko and Turner Valley, were elevated to formation status by

Penner (1958), who also applied the name Shunda Formation to the lower dark limestones of Douglas' (1958, p. 38) Turner Valley Member.

Penner also divided the Turner Valley Formation into three sub-units, in ascending order, the Elkton, Middle Dense, and Upper Porous members.

D etailed stu d ies of the Mt. Head Formation (Macqueen and Dumber, 1968b) have led to a better understanding of facies relationships within th a t u n it, and have re su lte d in the reco g n itio n of a new member, the

Opal, in some of the western ranges of the Canadian Rocky Mountains.

Warren (1937) proposed the name Exshaw for the basal black shale unit that had previously been included in the Banff Formation. Subsequent workers (e.g., Clark, 1949, Macqueen and Sandberg, 1970) have also included the yellow-orange, calcareous siltstone that overlies the black shale, in the Exshaw Formation. For more details on the historical background of the Mississippian studies in western Canada the reader is referred to Moore (1958, Macauley ej: al. (1964), and

Macqueen and Bamber (1968 a&b),

As mentioned in the introductory part of this study, there have been two different interpretations of the stratigraphic relation­ ships within the Mississippian of western Canada. Of these, one

approach, championed by Macqueen and Bamber (1968a), relies on sedi-

mentological and paleontological evidence to establish correlations.

The other approach, most recently enunciated in the works of Nelson

(1961) and Green (1962), is based on paleontology alone. This

conflict in opinion and interpretation is perhaps best illustrated w ith sev eral quotations from Macqueen and Bamber (1968a) who charac­

terize their approach to this problem by stating that . .correla­

tions among them [the various rock units] were based on mutual

physical relationships. Biostratigraphic correlations based on

paleontologic data support these lithostratigraphic correlations."

(Ibid. p. 1) One of several points of disagreement has been the

stratigraphic position of the Shunda Formation, thus ", . .Green

(1962), from his own paleontological studies and from a reconsidera­

tion of published data, considered the Pekisko and Shunda Formations

at Moose Mountain to be time-equivalents of the type upper Banff

and type lower Rundle, respectively." (Ibid. p. 3). The above view

is in sharp contrast to that of R.J.W. Douglas as reported by Mac­

queen and Bamber (1968a, p. 14), ". . .th e r e s tr ic te d lagoonal and

evaporitlc sediments of the Shunda could not be the time correlatives

of the upper Banff of the western facies because of the absence of a

clean carbonate sand 'barrier facies' in the upper Banff. ..." 11

Jjithos tratjgraphy

Introduction

In the following paragraphs the various Mississippian rock units that can be recognized in western Canada are discussed. For more detailed descriptions the reader is referred to papers by Mac­ queen and Bamber (1968 a&b), and Macqueen and Sandberg (1970). Time relationships are discussed elsewhere in this volume.

The geographical locations of most places mentioned herein are shown on Chart 1, that of all others is given in terms of places shown on th a t map. L ith o stra tig ra p h ic re la tio n sh ip s are shown on

Chart 2.

Exshaw Formation

This thin, but widespread, clastic unit was first recognized by Warren (1937), and has subsequently been revised by Clarlc (1949),

Harkar and McLaren (1958), and Macqueen and Sandberg (1970). At i t s

Jura Creek type locality (section AJ) three units can be recognized.

The lowest, a 2- to 3-inch sandstone unit, overlies conformably the erosion surface atop the Devonian Palliser Formation. It is overlain by 33 feet of black shale and an upper calcareous silts tone unit that this writer determined to be 118 feet thick. The contact with the overlying Banff Formation is sharp, possibly disconformable

(Macqueen and Sandberg, 1970, p. 37). 12

Banff Formation

This dark-colored rock unit can be recognised throughout the

study area. The thickness varies from 510 to 575 feet near Moose

Mountain (sections AL, AM) (Beach, 1943; McKay and Green, 1963) to

a thickness of from 1400 to 1500 feet near Banff (Beales, 1950;

Macqueen and Bamber, 1968a), Throughout the Bow Valley it is pos­

sible to recognize three informal divisions. These are a lower

shale, a middle limestone, aiid an upper argillaceous shale. Of

these the lower and upper units are loss resistant to erosion than

that in the middle. Chert stringers are common throughout the Banff

carbonates, may locally amount to 50 percent of the unit, and are dark gray to black in color.

llundle Group

Xn western Canada two distinct sequences of rock units can be

recognized within this group. These, termed the eastern and western

fa c ie s , have been defined and described by Macqueen and Bamber (1968

a&b). Within the western facies the Livingstone, Mt. Head, and Ether*

ington formations overlie a relatively thick (1000 to 1500 feet)

section of Banff strata. In the region characterized by the eastern

facies, the Banff Formation is much thinner (500 to 600 feet) and

the Rundle Group consists of the Pelcisko, Sliunda, Turner Valley, Mt.

Hoad, and Etherington formations. The contact between the Rundle

Group and the underlying Banff Formation has generally been placed

at the base of the lowest massive, cliff-forming, light-grey weather­

ing cchinoderin-bryozoan limestones of the Rundle Group (Douglas, 13

1950, p. 13; Macqueen and Bomber, 1968a, p. 4 ).

Livingstone Formation

This u n it is described by Macqueen and Bamber (1968a, p. 4) as a . .massive, cliff-forming, light grey-weathering echinoderm- bryozoan limestone. ..." Chert occurs locally but differs from that of the Banff Formation in being light cream in color, and less abundant. In the Bow Valley the thickness of the Livingstone varies from 900 fe e t near Exshaw (se c tio n AtC) to 1200 fe e t a t Banff (Macqueen and Bamber, 1968a). This increase in thickness coincides with a corresponding decrease in that of the overlying Mt. Head Formation

(Moore, 1958, fig. 3).

Mt. Head Formation

Throughout much of the southern Canadian Rocky Mountains a sixfold division can be recognized within this unit. In ascending order these are the Wlleman (arenaceous dolomite), Bari! (limestone),

Salter (dolomite and limestone), and Loomis (cherty limestone) members of the Lower Mt. Head Formation, and the Marston (carbonate and shale) and Carnarvon (limestone) members that make up the Upper

Mt. Head Formation in the Highwood and F ish er ranges. F arth er w est, in the Opal and Misty ranges, the Upper Mt. Head Formation consists of the Opal Member, a sequence of limestones and shales, and a very thin Carnarvon Member. The Opal is the lateral equivalent of the

Marston Member and the lower and middle parts of the type Carnarvon. 14

A detailed discussion of the lithologies of the various members of

the Mt. Head Formation is beyond the scope of this paper, and the

reader is referred to Macqueen and Bamber (1968b). Section AR of

this report is the type locality of the Opal Member.

At Exshaw (sectio n AK) a l l s ix members of the Mt. Head

Formation can be recognized. On Grotto Mountain (section AB) the

thickened Livingstone Formation is directly overlain by the Salter

Member (Macqueen and Bamber 1968a, PI. 5, fig . 2), Near Banff, the

Upper Mt. llead Formation consists of the Opal and Carnarvon members,

and directly overlies the Livingstone Formation. In southeastern

B r itis h Columbia (sec tio n AH) the in d iv id u al members of the Mt. Head

Formation are difficult to recognize, and at many outcrop locations

only a twofold division can be distinguished. For these the names

Lower and Upper Mt. Head Formation have been used (Oswald, 1964).

To the north, in the Cadomin area (sections AN, AO, AP), it is

impossible to recognize any divisions within the Mt. Head Formation.

The upper and lower contacts of the Mt. Head Formation are

sharp and probably disconfonnable (Macqueen and Bamber, 1968b).

Ebherington Formation

This is the youngest rock unit of the Rundle Group. This

sequence of limestones, arenaceous dolomites, and green bentonitic

shales was named by Douglas (1958), and subsequently studied by

Scott (1964), Because of its relative inaccessibility (see Macqueen

and Bamber, 1968b, PI. 5, fig, 2) it was sampled at only two local­

ities, sections All and AR. At its type locality, the lower contact 15 of the Etherington Formation is sharp, and perhaps conformable. The upper contact, with the overlying Rocky Mountain Formation, is dis- conformable (Douglas (1958).

Peklsko Formation

This unit is a resistant sequence composed mainly of echino- derm-bryozoan limestones. The thickness at Moose Mountain (sections

AL and AM) is 340 fe e t (Mackay and Green, 1963), and 123 fe e t a t

Cadomin (Macqueen, 1966, p, 42).

Sliunda Formation

Macqueen and Bamber (1968a, p. 4) describe this formation as a . .recessive, micritic limestone, micro- to fine-crystalline dolomite, skeletal and oolithic limestone, argillaceous limestone and dolom ite, and so lu tio n b re c cia s. ..." The thickness at Moose

Mountain (sections AL and AM) is 190 feet (McKay and Green, 1963), and the u n it is 332 feet th ick a t Cadomin (Macqueen, 1966).

Because the rock units directly above and below the Shunda

Formation are more resistant to weathering, contacts .appear to sharply defined.

Turner Valley Formation

Three subunits can be recognized within this formation. A loxtfer porous interval, the Elkton Member (Penner, 1958, p. 281) consists of finely to coarsely crystalline dolomite and limestone.

It is overlain by the Middle Dense Member which consists of fine- 16

grained, silty and cherty dolomite, and this by the Upper Porous

Member. The latter consists of fine-grained dolomite. The thick­

ness of these members, at Cadomin, is about 40 feet, 20 feet, and

40 feet, respectively. At Cross field the Elkton Member varies in

thickness from 125 to 135 feet.

Biostratigraphy

Fossil Zones Recognized in the Mississippian of Western Canada

A number of zonal schemes, based on ranges and associations

of macrofossils, have been proposed for the Mississippian succession

in western Canada. Several of these have been cotnp-red by Nelson

(1961, fig. 4). These include zonations based on the ranges of

species of Splrifer (Brown, 1952), Upper Mississippian brachiopods

(Raasch, 1954), brachiopods and horn corals (Marker and Raasch,

1958), lithostrotionid corals (Nelson, 1960), and a combination of

lithostrotionid corals and brachiopods (Nelson, 1958, 1961). Green

(1962) combined his own studies with published data to establish

five assemblage zones. lie used this zonation to correlate sections

in western Alberta, and to demonstrate the diachronous nature of the

Mississippian succession in that area. The most recently established

macrofossil zonation is that of Bamber (in Macqueen and Bamber, 1968b,

fig. 9), who proposed four assemblage zones for strata of the Mt,

Head Formation.

Micropaleontological studies are those of Loranger (1958), who recognized three ostracode zones in the Mississippian of western 17

Canada, Green (1963) used ostracodcs to date the Banff Formation, and McKay and Green (1963) studied Foraminifcrida in order to estab­ lish the age of the Rundle Group.

Mamet and Mason (1968) studied Carboniferous fornminifers recovered from strata exposed in the Connors Lake area of British

Columbia (about 60 miles north of Fernie B.C.), and Mamet (1968) published an account of foratninifers collected from Etherington strata at several sections within the southern Canadian Rocky Mountains.

Petryk, Mamet and Macqueen (1970) have proposed a preliminary zonation based on Foraminifcrida for Banff and Rundle strata in southwestern

Alberta. There are some differences in the conclusions reached in the above three papers, and those of this study. As these papers lack illustrations of fossils, and adequate statistical and collect­ ing data, it Is difficult to evaluate the differences.

Previous Studies of Mississippian Conodonts in Western Canada

Cooper and Sloss (1943) published a short paper describing conodonts from a black shale unit that occurs at the base of the

Mississippian succession in Alberta and Montana. Their study was evaluated by Klapper (1966, p, 10), who assigns a Devonian age to the material from the only Alberta occurrence (loc. 1, Stevevllle oilfield, to the east of Calgary). Raasch (1956) published a list of

Exshaw conodonts recovered from a core cut a well near Stettler,

Alberta, about 50 miles east of Red Deer. Of the conodonts listed, only three, Palmatodclla? sp., Palrnatolepjs sp. A, and Solenognathus? sp. (=Elictognathus) might be stratigraphically significant. The 18 first two of the above have been generally regarded as Devonian forms, whereas K1ictognathus has only been reported from lower

Mississippian strata.

Pamenter (1956, 1965) reported Mississippian conodonts in a pyritized siltstone sample from the Brazeau River area in Jasper

National Park. One of the conodont collections listed by Macqueen and Sandberg (1970) is from the same locality.

Copeland (I960) and Milller (1962) have reported conodont3 from a narrow interval at Crovsnest Pass. Macqueen and Sandberg (1970) also report on a small collection of conodonts from there. This is the same outcrop as se c tio n AG of th is study.

Green (1962, 1963) reported Lower Mississippian conodonts in a basal arkose overlying the Palliser Formation in the vicinity of

Morro Creek (section AT) near Jasper, Alberta, lie also reported a small conodont collection, of possibly Devonian affinities from an

Exshaw core cut at the Bear Villa #1 well. This well, section AV of this report, was drilled near the southwestern shore of Lesser

Slave Lake.

Macqueen and Sandberg (1970) examined conodonts as part of their regional study of the Exshaw Formation, and Ziegler (1971) has reviewed this paper, this writer, however, is in disagreement with some of the interpretation expressed by authors and reviewer,

Conodont Formation

Conodont zoiiations for the Mississippian have been proposed by several workers. These zonal schemes have been compiled by 19

Collinson. et al. (1971), who detail the characteristics of each zone, and relate them to stratigraphic units recognized in the type region. The following paragraphs deal only with zones that have been recognized in western Canada, and with those conodonts inter­ preted to be of diagnostic value in this area. Faunal differences between zones in western Canada and those recognized elsewhere are attributed to geographic restrictions in the distribution of some conodonts. The zonal scheme proposed by Bischoff (1957), and enlarged by Voges (1959) is not used herein. It is the conodont zonation of the Lower Carboniferous in West Germany, not that of type section.

All conodont zones that can be recognized in the Mississippian of w estern Canada are shown on Charts 3 and A. On Chart 3, th is zonal scheme provides the framework for showing the age of the various rock units at the sections at which they have been sampled. Chart 4 shows the same zones, and relates them to the stratigraphic range of the conodont species that serve to identify them in the Mississip­ pian succession in western Canada.

To facilitate the listing of all conodont occurrences that have been noted (Appendix, this paper) a numerical code using three- digit groups is used. These numbers, in brackets, are given in the following paragraphs behind the name of each species mentioned, they are shown on Chart 4 and are lis te d num erically a t the begitm ing of the Appendix. 20

SIPHONODELLA SANDBERG! - S. DUPLICATA Zone (Sandberg and K lapper, 1967),

The conodonts that are most characteristic of this zone in western Canada (in order* of decreasing abundance) are Siphonodella sandbergi (041), Dinodus sp. (270), E11ctognathus b1alatus (122),

Pseudopolygnathus primus (061), E. laceratus (122), Nothognathella sp. (500), Palinatolepis sp. (600), and S. duplicata (043). In addition, P. fusifonnis (067), Polygnathus sp. cf. P. inornatus

(032), Polygnathus communis communis (031), Siphonodella quadru­ plicate (042) , S. coopcri cooperi (046) , Spathognathodus praelongus

(013), and Apatognathus sp. (230) have been recognized.

This zone has been recognized in the Morro Creek area (sec­ tion AT), and may be present in parts of the Exshaw Formation at

Jura Creek (section AJ), Whiteman's Gap (section Al), in the Brazeau

River area of Jasper National Parle, and in the subsurface near

Stettlcr, to the east of Red Deer Alberta.

SIPHONODELLA - PSEUDOPOLYGNATKUS Zone (Baxter, th is p a p e r).

Most known species of Pseudopolygnathus and Siphonodella range throughout this zone. The lower limit overlies the youngest abundant occurrence of SIphonodella sandbergi (041) and Elictognathus bialatus (122). Specimens of Elictognathus laceratus (121), Dinodus sp. (270), and Polygnathus sp. cf. P. Inornatus (032) are common in this zone, Palmatolepis sp. (600) and Nothognathella sp. (500) are absent. The upper limit of this zone is marked by the disappearance of Pseudopolygnathus primus (061) and all siphonodelloids except

Slphonodella cooperi hassi (052). This zone can be recognized in The 21

Bov/ Valley at sections AA, AC, AD, and AK and at Crowsnest Pass

(section AG). One subsection can be recognized within it.

POLYGNATHUS VOGESI - SPATHOGNATHODIJS NEW Si'ECIKS J . Subzone (B axter, this paper).

This zone is characterized by the total range (in western

Canada) of the two name-givers. It can be recognized at sections AC,

AD, and AK. in the Bow Valley, and may be present at Crowsnest Pass

(section AG). Wherever it has been identified it is about 100 to

110 feet thick, and occurs 90 feet below the upper limit of the

Pseudopolygnathus - Siphonodella Zone.

SIPHONODELLA COOPERI TIASSI - GNATHODUS PUNCTATUS Zone (Thompson & Fellows, 1970).

This zone directly overlies the Siphonodella - Pseudopoly- gnathus Zone. Patrognathus andersoni (280) is represented in the middle part of this zone, whereas Gnathodus punctatus (185) is characteristic of the upper half. The first appearance of Gnathodus scmlglaber (184) and G. sp. cf. G. typicus (183) is in the uppermost part of this zone. The upper limit is characterized by the dis­ appearance of Dinodus, Elictognathus and Siphonodella, together with

Polygnathus sp. c f, P . inornatus (032), Polygnathus communis carinus

(033), and Neoprionlodua conjunctus (083), and marks the base of the

Osagean Series,

The Siphonodella cooperi liassi - Gnathodus punctatus Zone has been preserved in the Bow Valley (sections AA, AC, AK) and at Moose

Mountain (sections AL, AM). It may be present at Crowsnest Pass 22

(section AG).

GNATHODUS SF.MIGLABKR - POLYGNATHUS COMMUNIS CARINUS Zone (Thompson & Fellow s, 1970 ).

This zone is in direct contact with the underlying Siphono- della cooperi hassi - Gnathodus punctatus Zone. In western Canada its extent coincides with the total stratigraphic range of Spatho- gnathodus anteposicornis (022). The upper limit is defined by the last appearance of Gnathodus semiglaber (184) and G. sp. cf. G. typlcus (183), and by the first occurrence of G. cuneiformis (186,

187, 410) and Pseudopolygnathus multistriatus (064). The zone can be recognized at sections AA, AC, AK, AL, and AM.

BACTROGNATHUS - PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS MULTISTRIATUS Zone (Thompson, 1.967).

The limits of this zone are defined by the adjacent boundaries of the zones above and below it. Two subzones can be recognized.

The lower one, the Pseudopolygnathus multistrlatus Subzone was defined by Thompson (1967), the Xaniognathus Subzone is new.

PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS MULTISTRIATUS Subzone (Thompson, 1967).

The base is defined by the upper limit of the Gnathodus scrni- glaher - Polygnathus communis carinus Zone. Pseudopolygnathus multistriatus (064) is present in the lower half of this zone.

Gnathodus cuneiformis (186, 187, 410) occurs throughout this zone, and, at least in western Canada, is restricted to it. The upper limit of this subzone is also marked by the disappearance of Poly" gnathus communis carinus (033), and the f i r s t appearance of 23

Xanoignathus, Polygnathus mehli (036), Neoprioniodus ligo (085),

and Gnathodus sp. cf. G. commutatus (188).

This subzone can be recognized at sections AA, AB, AK, and

may be also preserved in the vicinity of Cadomin.

XANI0GNAT1IUS Subzone (Baxter, this paper).

All conodonts that first appear at the base of this subzone

range beyond it. The upper limit is defined by the base of the over-

lying Bactrognathus - Taphrognathus Zone. It should be noted at this

point that elements of Bactrognathus have not been found in any of

the collections from western Canada.

The Xanlognathus Subzone can be recognized at section AQ on

Tunnel Mountain, sections AA and AB at Pigeon-Grotto, and section AK

near Exshaw. It may also be preserved within the Banff Formation at

the Oldman River Gap (sectio n AE).

BACTROGNATHUS - TAPHROGNATHUS Zone (Cotlinson e t a l ., 1962).

Neither of the name-givers have been recovered from this

interval in any of the sections studied. In western Canada the lower

limit of this zone is defined by the first appearances of Staurognathus

n. sp. Y (202), S.. n. sp Z (200), Spathognathodus sp. cf. S. cristulus

(015, 412, 414), and Magnilaterella sp. (161). The youngest occur­

rence of Xaniognathus n. sp. W (154), and the first appearance of

Staurognathus n. sp. X (201) and Lambdagnnthus n. sp. V (261) are

near the middle of this zone. Dollognathus sp. (310) and Hindeodella

segaformis (111) have been recovered only from the uppermost part of 24 this zone. At that point, Staurognathus disappears. The upper limit of this zone is defined by the base of the overlying Taphro­ gnathus - Lambdagnathus Zone.

The Bactrognathus - Taphrognathus Zone is the most widely recognizable interval in western Canada. At the Oldman River Gap

(section AE) most of this zone can be found in the upper part of the Banff Formation, the upper part straddle the Banff-Rundle contact.

Throughout the Bow River Valley sections sampled, this interval is preserved entirely within the lower part of the Livingstone Formation.

At Crossfield, sections AX, AY, AZ, the Elkton member of the Turner

Valley Formation falls within this zone. At Cadomin this zone is recognizable in the Middle Dense Member oE the Turner Valley Forma­

tio n .

TAPHROGNATHUS - LAMBDAGNATHUS Zone (Baxter, th is p a p e r).

The base of this zone is defined by the first occurrence, in western Canada, of Cavusgnathus. The oldest specimens of Taphrogna­

thus in this collection came from an interval 20 to 40 feet above

the base. The youngest specimens, in this collection, of Polygnathus mehli (036), Xaniognathus n. sp. V (156), and Neoprioniodus ligo (085) came from the same interval. The middle of this zone coincides with

the last occurrence of P. communis communis (031), Xaniognathus

primus (146), and Lambdagnathus n. sp. V (261) and the first appear­

ance of Taphrognathus n. sp. M (341), Neoprioniodus n. sp. A (089),

and Apatognathus scalenus (233), The upper limit of this zone i3

poorly defined in the sections that were studied, and has been taken 25 to coincide with the first appearance of Spathognathodus coalescens

(413) . This zone can be recognized in the Pigeon-Grotto area

(sectio n s AA and AB), and a t the Oldman River Gap (sectio n s AE, AF).

TAPHROGNATHUS VARTANS - APATOGNATHUS Zone (C ollinson e t a l . , 1962).

This zone coincides with the total stratigraphic range (in western Canada) of Spathognathodus coalescens (413). Neoprioniodus n. sp. A (089) and Taphrognathus range throughout this zone, and their final appearance coincides with the upper limit. Taphro­ gnathus varlans (342) occurs in the middle and upper parts of this zone, whereas T, n. sp. L (343) occurs in the middle and upper parts of this zone, whereas T. n. sp. L (343) has been only found in the uppermost part. Spathognathodus scitulus (026) and several species of Apatognathus first appear in the upper part of this zone.

The Taphrognathus varians - Apatognathus zone is preserved in the Pigeon-Grotto area (sections AA, AB), at the Oldman River Gap

(section AE), and in section Al-I, south of Fernie, British Columbia.

APATOGNATHUS SCALENUS - CAVUSGNATHUS Zone (Collinson e t a l ., 1962).

Spathognathodus scitulus (026), Apatognathus scalenus (233),

A. chauliodus (232), A. cuspidatus (236), and A. lfbratus (238) range throughout this zone. Specimens of A. petilus (231) and

Ozarlcodina laovipostica (449) have been recovered from the upper part. The disappearance of all the above marks the upper limit of this zone. Neoprioniodus peracutus (088) first appears near the top of this zone. 26

This zone marks the youngest interval of Meramec age that has been recognized in western Canada. The interval can be recog­ nized in the Upper ML. Head Formation as well as the lower part of

the Etherington Formation in the Fernie area (section AH). At High- wood Pass (section AR) this interval can be recognized in the upper

part of the Opal Member, and throughout the Carnarvon, but is absent

from the overlying Etherington Formation.

CHESTER (undivided).

At Highwood Pass (section AR) the Etherington Formation directly overlies the youngest part of the Apatognathus scalenus -

Cavusgnathus Zone. Gnathodus bilineatus (191) and Neoprioniodus

peracutus (088) are common, and a few specimens of G. antetexanus

(189) have been recovered. However, other conodonts that could be

diagnostic in zoning the Chester are missing, or too poorly preserved

for specific identification. Further division of this interval is

therefore impractical at this time.

Regional Correlations

Introduction

The information summarized on Chart 3 is based on the distribu­

tion of conodonts collected from 27 sections, located in 14 areas of

southwestern Alberta and adjacent British Columbia. Each are repre­

sents a distinct geologic structure on which one or more sections were sampled. Thus the eroded edge of the thrust sheet of Paleozoic

strata which is recognized in the Banff area as Mt. Rundle and Tunnel Mountain is referred to herein as the Tunnel area, and the two sections which were sampled are on the south side of Tunnel Mountain

(section AQ) and at Whiteman Gap (section Al), above the townsite of Canmore, Alberta, Similarly clie adjacent thrust sheet, to the east, sampled at five sections on Pigeon, and Grotto mountains, is referred to as the Pigeon-Grotto area. The location of all the sections that were sampled is shown on Chart 1; the index ch art on the same fig u re relates sections and areas. Detailed information about the geographic location of all the sections that have been sampled is given in the

Appendix.

Unless stated otherwise, all stratigraphic interpretations have been deduced from the occurrence and distribution of the conodonts collected for this study.

Fernie Area (section AH)

This se c tio n is along Highway 3, about 15 m iles southwest of

Fernie, British Columbia, and is situated on the southeastern flank of the Broadview anticline. The section includes strata of the

Loomis, Marston, and Carnarvon Members of the Mt. Head Formation, together with the lower part of the Etherington Formation. As it is difficult to recognize the Marston-Carnarvon boundary, the collec­ tive name Upper Mt. Head Formation is used for the two together, in the same sense as given by Oswald (1964). As indicated on Chart 3, the Upper Mt. Head Formation and part of the lower Etherington occur within the Apatognathus scalenus - Cavusgnathus Zone, and are thus

Late Meramec in age. The upper p a rt of the Loomis Member of the 28

Mt, Head Formation is diagnosed as mid-Meramec.

It is of interest to note that coalified plant remains occur in the same stratigraphic interval within the Upper~Mt. Head Forma­ tion at this section, as in the Flathead area to the southeast

(Price, 1965, section 21). Harker (in Price, 1965, pp. 52, 214) reports fossils from the basal Etherington in the Flathead region that are characteristic of Carnarvon strata in the Mt. Head area

(immediately to the south of section AR), This can also be inter­ preted to indicate a Late Meramec age for the lower part of the

Etherington Formation in the southwestern part of the southern

Canadian Rocky Mountains.

Flathead Area (section AW)

The sample from this section is a single one-foot piece of core, three kilogram in weight, which was recovered from the 9,901- foot level of the Pacific Atlantic Flathead #1 well, drilled in southeastern British Columbia, This core sample, upon complete diges­ tion in acetic acid, yielded only a few nondiagnostic conodonts.

Crowsnest Area (section AG)

This thin, five-foot section, the most productive one sampled will be the subject of a separate study. The ago of the conodonts recovered is early Mississippian, and a preliminary examination indi­ cates that virtually every known pre-Osagean species of Gnathodus t

Pseudopolygnathus, and SIphonodella is represented. The Crowsnest

Pass fauna has been . .assigned unequivocally to the Upper 29

Siphonodella crenulata Zone. . . .M by Macqueen and Sandberg (1970, p. 54). This writer, however, does not share the certainty of their convictions, Six equally spaced samples, collected (by the author) across this interval, yielded nearly 10,000 platform and blade elements, but fewer than 50 of those represent Siphonodella crenulata. The most common elements are those of S . cooperi and

Pseudopolygnathus. Elements of Gnathodus punctatus have been found in several samples together with those of G. semlgtaber, G. delicatus, and G, kockeli. The excellent preservation of all specimens speaks against an admixture of reworked material, and therefore it appears that the stratigraphic ranges of some of the species, in particular those of Gnathodus. are longer than previously reco rd ed .

The Crowsnest Pass material bears close resemblance to that r*eported by Cooper (1939) from the pre-Welden Shale of Oklahoma, and to the conodonts that Rexroad (1969) reported from the Jacobs Chapel

Bed of the New Albany Shale in Indiana, However, the Jacobs Chapel collection differs from those from Crowsnest Pass and Oklahoma in the pronounced scarcity of Gnathodus.

There are many ways of interpreting the Crowsnest Pass fauna.

The one favoured in this report is that the five-foot glauconitic limestone at Crowsnest Pass represents a time of very slow deposi­ tion encompassing much of the interval during which the upper part of the Hannibal Shale and most of the Chouteau Limestone were deposited in the region that is now the Upper Mississippi Valley. This is the time interval of the Pseudopolygnathus - Siphonodella Zone, 30 as proposed in this study.

Gap Area (sections AE, Al?)

The complete section measured by Hume (in Douglas, 1950, p. 14), together with all Banff strata preserved west of the Gap fault (see Cap area map in Douglas, 1950) have been sampled. The

Bactrognathus - Taphrognathus Zone encompasses most of the upper

Banff, together with the lowest 15 to 20 feet of the Livingstone

Formation, and thus marks the youngest stratigraphic position for the Banff-Rundle contact in the sections that wore studied. The

Livingstone-Mt. Head contact is diagnosed to be close to the upper lim it of the early Meramec Taphrognathus - Apatognathus Zone.

Highwood Area (sectio n All)

This section is also known as the Storm Creek section (Mac­ queen and Bamber, 1968b), the Storm Creek cirque, the Highwood Pass section (Raasch, 1954, 1958), and the Mt. Rae section (Nelson, 1958,

1962). This section has been studied by the writers mentioned above, and by a number of other workers, including Mamet (1968). It is the type se c tio n of the Opal Member of the Mt. Head Formation (Macqueen and Bamber, 1968b),

Samples were collected from the Loomis-Opal contact, the upper part of the Opal Member, the entire Carnarvon Member, and the lowest

330 feet of the Etherington Formation. All conodonts from the Loomis*

Opal contact are stratigraphically nondiagnostic. Samples from the upper part of the Opal, and from the Carnarvon Member, however, 31 yielded an abundant collection of conodonts, one that virtually duplicates the one reported by Rexroad and Collinson (1963) from the type section of the St. Louis Formation. The overlying Etherington

Formation contains Gnathodus bilineatus and G. tcxanus, and is inter­ preted to be early Chester in age.

Mamet (1968, fig. 3) lists a Ste. Genevieve age for the

Carnarvon Member of the Mt. Head Formation, and dates the entire

Etherington as Chester. It is not clear, however, whether his age interpretations apply to all the sections he studied, or just to the sections at the type localities of those units.

Tunnel Area (sections Al, AQ) ,

Section Al, at Whiteman Gap, is the same one from which Mac­ queen and Sandberg (1970) obtained a small collection of conodonts.

Their specimens came from the lower part of the silts tone unit of the Exshaw Formation. The basal sandstone unit, that characterizes the Exshaw at its Jura Creek (section AJ) type locality, is missing.

However, a lithologically similar two-inch bod, exposed 3 feet above the base of the Exshaw, yielded a single specimen of Polygnathus sp.

This is the only conodont recovered, by the writer, from this section.

At Tunnel Mountain (section AQ) only the Banff-Rundle contact was sampled. The conodonts obtained are characteristic of the Bactro­ gnathus - Taphrognathus Zone, and the contact is therefore no o3.der than the lower limit of this zone. 32

Pigeon-Grotto Area (sections AA, AB, AC, AD, AS)

About 350 of tlic 576 samples from these sections were col­ lected in 1968 and 1969, and formed the basis of an earlier study

(Baxter, 1969). The remainder were collected due ing the summer of

1970.

Section AS is located on the erosion surface or the Palliser

Formation, exposed at the base of the eastern flank of Grotto Moun­

tain. Samples from this section yielded a representative collection of Devonian conodonts. The lower part of section AD includes exposures

of the upper part of the siltstone uiiit of the Exshaw Formation, but

the conodonts recovered were few, and stratigraphically nondiagnostic.

Sections AA, AB, AC, and AD overlap, and between them cover all accessible intervals between the base of the Exshaw Formation and

th a t of the Loomis Member of the Mt. Head Formation. The base of

the Osagean Series can be recognized at a level 525 feet below the

Banff-Rundle contact, which in turn is 60 feet below the base of

the Bactrognathus - Taphrognathus Zone. Repeated sampling, at one-foot intervals across both of these boundaries has confirmed

these interpretations. The Osage-Meramec boundary is about 10 feet

above that of the Mt. Head Formation, within the Salter Member.

Exshaw Area (sections AJ, AK, AU)

Section AU was situated south of the Lac des Arcs tourist view point, on the Trans Canada Highway. Conodonts obtained from

the single sample collected there are stratigraphically inconclusive.

Subsequent destruction of the outcrop, to facilitate widening of 33

the highway, removed this section from further study.

Section AK, immediately north-east of the townsite of Exshaw,

Alberta, is on the southern flank of the mountain that forms the watershed between Exshaw and Ju ra creeks. Samples were c o llected

from the middle and upper parts of the Banff Formation, and from the

lower part of the Livingstone. The base of the Osagean Series can

be recognized approximately 375 feet below the Banff-Rundle contact.

The l a t t e r is about 100 fe e t below the base of the Bactrognathus -

Taphrognathus Zone.

Section Aj was sampled along Jura Creek, at the type locality

of the Exshaw Formation. In a recent study (Macqueen and Sandberg,

1970), the upper part of the black shale unit was dated, unequivocally,

as Early Mississippian (Kinderhook). To this writer's knowledge,

the following conodont3 have been collected from the Exshaw Formation

(at its type locality): a) one specimen each of Spathognathodus

V praelongus and Nothognathella sp., recovered by W.C. Sweet from the

matrix of the goniatite studied by A.K. Miller (1938, p. 166);

b) several conodonts, preserved on a shale fragment collected by

R.C. Gutschick, have been identified as SIphonodella sp. and S^.

cooperi by Macqueen and Sandberg (1970, p. 39); c) two specimens of

Spathognathodus sp. and one of Polygnathus communis c o llected by

this writer. All of the above came from the upper two to three feet

of the black shale unit. A calcareous concretion, exposed seven

feet above the base of the formation, yielded a single specimen of

Hlndeodella sp,, four of Spathognathodus sp,, and one unidentifiable

fragment. Macqueen and Sandberg (1970, p, 52) recovered a single 34 specimen of Palmatolepis sp. from the basal sandstone unit.

It is true that representatives of all the just-mentioned conodonts have been found in the material from the Morro area

(section AT), the age of which is that of the Siphonodella sandbergl -

S. d u p lic a ta Zone. However, every one of the Exshaw conodonts, w ith the exception of the siphonodelloids from Gutschick's shale sample, are also common in Devonian conodont collections. Because the above collection of Exshaw conodonts is so small, the only justifiable interpretation is one which places the Exshaw Formation close to the

Devonian-Miss issippian boundary.

Because of their lithologic correlations, and the fact that they found a single Palmatolepis in the basal sandstone unit of the

Exshaw, Macqueen and Sandberg (1970) suggested placing the Devonian-

Mississippian boundary in the middle of the black shale unit. It should be pointed out, however, that their Palmatolepis was found in a basal lag deposit which immediately overlies the erosion surface atop the Devonian Palliser Formation. It is unfortunate that their suggestion has been accepted as fact. That is, Ziegler (1971), reviewing Macqueen and Sandberg's paper, wrote . .Im tiefen Teil des Schwarzschiefers licgt vermutlich die litfchste styriacus-Zone, sicher aber eindeutiges Oberdevon vor, . . . ,"

Moose Area (sections AL, AM)

These two sections, on the southern flank of Moose Mountain have been sampled at and near the Banff-Rundle (in this case Banff-

Pekisko) contact. Conodonts are abundant, and the base of the 35

Osage can be recognized 20 to 30 feet above the Banff-Rundle contact.

Crossfield Area (sections AX, AY, AZ)

Cores from three wells drilled at the Crossfield gas field yielded enough conodonts to demonstrate that the age of the Elkton

Member of the Turner Valley Formation coincides with that of the

Bactrognathus - Taphrognathus Zone. Well-logs indicate that the base of the Elkton is 450 feet above the Banff-Rundle contact.

Cadomin Area (sections AH, AO, AP

Conodonts recovered from this area do not provide detailed information to date the complete Mississippian section exposed here.

However, specimens representing the Bactrognathus - Taphrognathus fauna have been recovered from the Middle Dense Member of the Turner

Valley Formation. Many of the samples from sections in this area were barren, and conodonts recovered from samples collected at the

Pekisko-Shunda contact x^ere inconclusive. But because of the absence of characteristic pre-Osagean conodonts, and the Upper Burlington age of parts of the overlying Turner Valley Formation, the base of the

Shunda Formation is dated as early Osage.

Morro Area (section AT)

This section is represented by a thin, arkosic sandstone over- lying the Devonian Palliser Formation, that x/as first reported by

DeWit and McLaren, (1950, p. 26). They included i t in the Exshaw

Formation, but failed to notice the conodonts. Green (1962) noticed the conodonts, collected the material on which they were preserved, and assigned the sandstone to the basal Banff Formation. This writer was able to borrow the material and study the conodonts. Green's field notes indicate that the sandstone varies in thickness from a few inches to a foot and a half. The thicker interval occurs in places where the sandstone fills solution cavities on the upper surface of the Palliser Formation. The interpretation favoured by this writer is that this unit is a blanket deposit of material derived from an emergent landmass, perhaps the Canadian Shield to the north­ east or east, which covered the previously eroded surface of the

Palliser Formation. The conodonts are only preserved on the upper surface of the sandstone, and it is therefore possible that they represent the fauna that lived at the time when the sandstone deposi­ tion came to an end.

The material from the Morro area is the oldest Mississippian conodont fauna that has been recognised in western Canada to date.

Along with elements characteristic of the Siphonodella sandborgi - duplicata Zone specimens of Nothognathella and Paimatolepis are common.

Of these, Paimatolepis has previously been reported from basal

Mississippian sections elsewhere (e,.g., Klapper, 1966; Rexroad, 1969), but representatives or this genus have always been interpreted to be reworked from underlying Deovnian sediments. The specimens observed on the material studied are all well preserved, undamaged, and show no signs of abrasion. They occur together, and frequently in contact, with equally well-preserved specimens of Siphonodella sandbergi.

Dinodus sp., and Elictognathus. It is the writer's opinion that 37 some species of both Nothognathella and Palmatolepis, at least locally, survived into early Mississippian time.

Bear Villa #1 Well (section AV)

The sample from this section consists of pieces of Exshaw core that were borrowed from Dr. R. Green of the Alberta Research

Council, The conodont collection is small and consists of small

Hindeode11a-1ike elements that resemble those illustrated by Cooper and Sloss (1943). Stratigraphically diagnostic specimens were missing.

However Dr. Green has indicated th a t the more fo s s ilife ro u s fragments of th a t core were not a v ailab le a t the moment. This is the same ma­ terial that J.1I. Wall (in Green, 1963, p. 69) reported as being comparable to the Grassy Creek fauna illustrated by Branson and Mehl

(1934a).

Tidewater Eastend Crown #1 Well (section A0)

This is the only section that is not shown on Chart 1. The location of the well is at Lsd 15-11-6-20W3, in southwestern Saskat­ chewan. Detailed examination of part of a core cut in the middle part of the Exshaw Formation (again on loan from Dr. R. Green of the

Alberta Research Council) revealed no conodonts that are diagnostically

Mississippian. Most of the elements observed were small lllndeodella- lik e forms, There was one specimen of Palm atolepis s p ., and sev eral

Spathognathodus praelongus. This part of the Exshaw Formation is interpreted to be Devonian in age. 38

Conclusions

The study of conodonts extracted from approximately 1,090 samples, collected from 21 surface and 6 subsurface samples has allowed this writer to draw a number of conclusions. Some of these deal with the utility of conodonts as stratigraphic markers in the

Mississippian of western Canada, others are concerned with strati­ graphic correlations and interpretations of the Mississippian succession.

Many of the previously established macrofossil zonations suffer from several shortcomings. A number of the zones can either not be related to the standard section of the Mississippian System, or correlation is such that only approximate positions of series boundaries can be recognized. Furthermore, even though megafossils are relatively common throughout the Mississippian in western Canada, their occurrence is sporadic, and many are stratigraphically non­ diagnostic. Thus, even though diagnostic fossils may be readily found, it is impossible to ascertain whether the first or last occur­ rence of a given species at one section represents the same point in time as similar occurrences in adjacent sections. Macrofossils are thus of very limited value, for both local and extra-regional correla­ tio n s .

Microfossils, such as ostracode^ have been shown to be useful in dating the Banff Formation (Green, 1963), and endothyrid foramini- fe rs serve to date and zone Rundle s tr a ta (Mamet, 1968, and o th e rs).

At present however, conodonts are the only group of fossils^ which is stratigraphically useful throughout the whole Mississippian succession 39 in western Canada. The stratigraphic resolution provided by them, for both local and extra-regional correlation is unsurpassed. At present nine zones and three subzones can be recognized, and future stu d ies of Mt. Head and E therington s tr a ta w ill probably increase that number. The core samples from Crossfield indicate that even small samples, 300 to 500 grams in weight, can be used for correlation, provided they are closely spaced (the above were taken at five-foot intervals), and a suitable stratigraphic framework is available.

Study of the conodonts collected demonstrates major diachronism in the Mississippian succession of the southern Canadian Rocky Moun­ ta in s and adjacent p la in s.

Insufficient evidence is available at this time to provide a r e lia b le age for the Exshaw Formation.

The Banff-Rundle contact is youngest a t the Oldman River Gap in the Livingstone Range. To the north, in the Bow Valley, this contact is progressively older toward the east. In terms of the sections studied, it is oldest at Moose Mountain.

The Livingstone-M t. Head co n tact is younger a t the Oldman

River Gap, than at Grotto Mountain, in the Bow Valley.

The Mt. Head-Etherington contact is older in the Fernie area of British Columbia, the southernmost section studied, than at High- wood Pass Alberta.

Part of the Pekisko Formation, at Moose Mountain, to the north at Cadomin, and perhaps in the subsurface at Crossfield is dated lower

Osage, and is thus the same age as parts of the upper Banff Formation in the Bow Valley, including the type area. 40

The age of the Shunda Formation could not be established directly. However, indirect evidence, such as the age of the over- lying Turner Valley Formation, indicates that at Cadomin and at

Crossfield this formation is approximately the same age as the upper­ most type-Banff, and the lowermost type-Rundle, or older.

The Middle Dense, and the Ellcton members of the Turner Valley

Formation, a t Cadomin and C ro ssfie ld , re sp e c tiv e ly , are the same age as the upper part of the Burlington Formation at its type locality.

They are thus time-equivalents of the lower part of the Livingstone

Formation, as exposed in the Bow Valley sections, and the upper part of the Banff Formation a t the Oldman River Gap.

Different interpretations of the Mississippian succession between Banff (section (section AQ) and Moose Mountain (sections AL,

AM) are shown on Chart 5. This illustration compares the results of this study with the information published by Green (1962) and Macqueen and Bamber (1968a). PALEONTOLOGY

Stratigraphically Important: Conodonts

Introduction

The conodont elements extracted from the samples collected for this study indicate that, generally speaking, the fauna repre­ sented is similar to that known from other Mississippian, or Lower

Carboniferous, sections in North America or Europe. There is however some apparent variation. Thus the stratigraphic ranges of a number of species of Gnathodus, when compared to the ranges of other conodonts, appears to be different in western Canada than elsewhere.

Also, in western Canada, the first appearances of Taphrognathus and

Qayusnnathus arc virtually coincident and occur near the upper limit of the Bactrognathus - Taphrognathus Zone. This marks the earliest recorded appearance of the latter. The biggest difference, however, is the absence in western Canada of the fauna that characterizes the

Gnathodus texnnus-Taphrognathus Zone in the Mississippi Valley. In the sections studied, approximately the same stratigraphic interval is characterized by the occurrence of a number of previously un­ reported conodonts.

The occurrence, abundance, and distribution of all conodonts found throughout this study, are listed in the charts of the Appendix.

The stratigraphic range of all the conodonts that appear to be diag­ nostic are shown on the range-chart, Figure 4. Several groups of conodonts that appear to be stratigraphically significant in Missis­ sippian sections in western Canada are discussed briefly in the 42

following paragraphs. For more detail the reader is referred to the

later section on systematic paleontology.

Apatognathus

In a number of studies (Collinson et a l., 1962; Rexroad and

Collinson, 1963; Varker, 1967) it was noted that a large stratigraphic

interval separates the highest Devonian and lowest Mississippian occur­

rences of Apatognathus. Because of this, it has been assumed that

the younger M ississippian species were homeoinorphs of the older

Devonian forms and they were therefore assigned to Apatognathus?.

Subsequent studies, in Europe and North America (Collinson et a l.,

1971, p. 381), have indicated that Apatognathus ranges through much

of the Mississippian.

In western Canada Apatognathus is most common in the interval

characterized by the Apatognathus scalenus-Cavusgnathus fauna, and

its disappearance marks the upper limit of that zone. Poorly pre­

served specimens are moderately common in lower Mississippian samples.

Cayusgnathus and Taphrognathus

Branson and Mehl (1941b, p. 182), and Rexroad (1958b) have

suggested that Cayusgnathus developed from Taphrognathus, and collec­

tions from sections in the Upper Mississippi Valley region have

provided the information that would support this view. On the other

hand, the results from this study contradict the above interpretations,

and suggest an alternate explanation. It has been found that repre­

sentatives of both genera first appear, virtually simultaneously, at 43 the top of the Bac trognatlius-Taphrognathus Zone. Also, the oldest recorded species of Taphrognathus, T. n. sp. K (text Fig. la H- b) resembles Cayusgnathus more closely than do younger species. All known Mississippian species of Cayusgnathus have only sinistral

(platform left of blade) elements, where as sinistral and dextral elements of Taphrognathus have been found. It should also be noted that some of the elements that have been interpreted as transitional between Taphrognathus and Cayusgnathus (Rexroad and Collinson, 1963,

PI. 1; Branson and Mehl, 1941b, PI. VI, fig. 34), are dextral (plat­ form right of blade) forms. In the opinion of this writer, it is possible that Cayusgnathus and Taphrognathus may have evolved simul­ taneously, either separately, or from a common ancestor.

Dinodus and R lictognathus

Except in samples from the Crowsnest and Morro areas, elements of these two genera are only rarely found.

A preliminary examination of the material from Crowsnest Pass suggests that most if not all known species of Dinodus are based on morphologically different skeletal elements that belonged to a single species. This conodont may have been similar to the one whose skeletal apparatus was described by LindstrHm and Ziegler (1965) as

Elsonella rhcnana.

Some of the better-preserved elements of Elictognathus that have been recovered from the Crowsnest Pass material exhibit the same fine, nodose surface pattern that is typical of elements of

Dinodus, and it is possible that the too may be related. 4 4

Text fig. 1, Taphrognathus (x50). a,b) T. n. sp. K; c,d) T. n. sp. M; e,f) T. varians;g)T. n. sp, L. (all oral views).

F

• It L

Text fig. 2a-c, Cayusgnathus sp. (x50) (all oral views).

Text fig, 3, Siphonode11a (x50) a) S. sandbergi, oral view; b) S. obsoleta, oral view; c) S. isosticha, oral view. Gnathodus

It has been observed in several of the Canadian sections that stratigraphic ranges of some species of Gnathodus are different from those recorded elsewhere. For example, most known early Mississippian species of Gnathodus arc found together in samples collected at Crows­ nest Pass. Thus G. punctatus occurs with G. delicatus, G. kockeli, and siphonodelloids such as S. sandbergi, S. crenulata and S. cooperi cooperi,.whereas in the central United States the range of G. puncta­ tus is restricted to a younger interval, one char-acterized by the presence of Siphonodella cooperi h a ssi (Thompson and Fellow s, 1970).

Also, late Mississippian species such as G. texanus and G. bilineatus, which are significant constituents of both Valmeyeran and Chcsterian strata in the Mississippi Valley, are restricted (in western Canada) to the Chester Series. This suggests that Gnathodus was especially susceptible to environmental control. Although elements of this genus are useful stratigraphic tools for correlations within a region, interregional correlations should be avoided.

As noted in the systematic descriptions of Gnathodus cueni- formis and G. bilineatus. early growth-stage elements of Gnathodus resemble those of Spathognathodus; intermediate ones arc relatively unornamented, like those of G. communtatus; and only the advanced growth-stage elements exhibit all the characteristic platform ornament.

Because of this it is suggested that many of the established subspecies of G. commutatus should be reevaluated.

Several species of Gnathodus appear to be stratigraphically useful in western Canada, Thus G. punctatus, G. semiglabcr, and 46

G. typicus have been found together in samples that characterize

the base of the Osagean Series in those sections in which this

interval was sampled, G. cuneiformis is an important constituent

of the Pseudopolygnathus multis.triatus Subzone, and future studies

may reveal that G. bilincatus and G. texanus characterize Chester

sections in the Rocky Mountains,

Polygnathus

It has been noticed in lower Mississippian sections that

whenever either Polygnathus or Siphonodella is abundant, the other

is scarce or absent. This has been also observed by Meischner (1970,

p. 1171).

In western Canada, Polygnathus inornatus is an important

constituent of the fauna, as high as the base of the Osagean Series.

This implies an upward extension of the range of this species, which

had been assumed previously to have become extinct at the beginning

of the time interval characterized by the prc-Osagean Siphonodella

cooperi hassl - Gnathodus punctatus fauna (Thompson and Fellows,

1970, Table 1). The range, in southern Alberta, of Polygnathus vogesi, is restricted to a narrow interval of mid -Kind erhoolc time.

Polygnathus mehli is a significant constituent of mid-Osagean

fau n as.

Siphonodella

As noted by Collinson jet al. (1971, p. 353) several species of

Siphonodella found together abroad are stratigraphically separate in

the central United States, 47

Many workers have ignored the morphological variation that

can be observed among different growth-stage elements of a given

species of Siphonodella. However, Klapper (1971, Pi. 2) has illus­

trated such a growth-series for elements of Siphonodella crcnulata,

and some of the illustrations on his Plate 1 suggest that the elements

illustrated as S. cf. S. isosticha (figs. 17-20) are but early growth-

stages of S. quadruplicata elements (figs. 22-24),

In the w riter's opinion, five groups of siplionodelloids can

be recognized. The oldest is characterized by elements with trans­

verse ridges on both sides of the carinae (Siphonodella sulcata,

S. duplicate, and S. lobata). The remaining groups are distinct in

that the transverse ridges are restricted to the outer platform, and

the inner bears fine nodes. Of these the group of S. crenulata is

distinct, not only because of the characteristically asymmetric

platform, but also in that the rostral ridge on the inner platform

is angled toward the carina on early growth-stage elements. As

evidenced by the holotype of S. crenulata (Cooper, 1939, PI. 41,

fig. 1; Klapper, 1971, PI. 2, fig. 14), this ridge and the carina

are in contact in advanced forms. Another group is characterized

by one or more rostral ridges on the outer platform. These terminate

on the anterior part of the platform, without joining the margin.

This group includes, in order of increasing size and number of

rostral ridges, cf. S. isosticha (sensu Klapper, 1971), S. quad­

ruplicata, and S. sexplicata. The fourth group is characterized by

elements on which the inner rostral ridge on the outer platform

extends nearly to the posterior end, at which point it joins the lateral margin. This group includes some of the specimens Illus­ trated as S. obsoleta (i.e., Klapper, 1971, PI. 1, fig. 25; Anderson,

1969, PI. 108, fig. 3) and S. quadruplicate (Straka, 1968, PI, 3, figs. 2,6), The most advanced growth-stage is the one represented by elements of S. sandbergi. Conodont elements that have been tradi­ tionally referred to S. sandbergi, S. obsoleta, and S. isosticha have been found together1 on liandspecimcns from the Morro area (sec­ tion AT), and are illustrated as text figures 3a-c. It is this writer's opinion that they represent different growth-stages of a single form species. The fifth, and apparently longest-ranging group

is that represented by the two subspecies of S, cooperi. Elements of

this species do not develop the large number of rostral ridges that characterize the two previous groups, and the innermost ridge on the outer platform curves laterally to join the margin on the anterior half of the platform. That the younger of the two subspecies,

S. cooperi hassi, probably developed from the older, S. c. cooperi,

is suggested by further reduction of ornament on the platform. S^,

isosticha (Cooper) probably represents early growth-stage elements

of both this group and theone that includes S. sandbergi. This would explain why elements of S. isosticha are smaller than those of other

siphonodelloids, and why this species is so common in stratigraphic

intervals that are characterized by an abundance of S. cooperi

(Collinson et al., 1971, fig. 3).

The above is not a new concept. It was first enunciated by

Voges (1959). However, because the number of elements of some of the 49

species mentioned above is too small in the collections at hand, no

formal revision is attempted.

In western Canada species of Siphonodella serve to distinguish

three stratigraphic intervals in lower Mississippian sections. The

oldest is that characterized by the common occurrence of the two name-givers, S. sandbergi and S. duplicata. The youngest interval

is characterized by the sole surviving siphonodelloid, S. cooperi

hassi. The writer is unable to distinguish the individual Siphono­

della zones that have been established elsewhere in the intervening

interval. Therefore it is proposed that, in western Canada, this

interval be termed the Pseudopolygnathus - Siphonodella Zone,

S pa thogna thod us

Two groups of conodonts tentatively assigned to Spathognathodus

range through most of the Mississippian, and are also known from the

Devonian.

One of these, the group of Spathoganthodus strigosus is

characterized by elements with a subcentral basal cavity, the margin

of which appears subcircular in plan view. It ranges into the late

Mississippian. Several short-lived forms, characterized by accessory

denticles or lateral ledges, developed within this group during early

Mississippian time. These are S. anteposicornis, S. sp, cf. IS.

aculeatus, S. jugosus, and S_. n. sp. J.

The other group, that of Spatliognathodus stabilis, differs in

that its elements possess a narrow, elongate basal cavity that is

located posteriorly. Several members of this group have been referred 50

to Anchignathodus by Sweet (1970). The oldest species in this group, S.. sp. cf. S. stabilis is characterized by elements whose anterior blade consists of one or more denticles, and it gave rise to younger forms characterized by elements whose anterior blade consists of a single, large denticle. The most common of these,

S.crlstulus, first appears in mid-Osage time and was the most common spathognathodoid in later Mississippian time. Two short-lived

forms, S. coalescens, and S. scitulus, developed from S. cristulus.

They are diagnostic of Salem - Warsaw and St. Louis strata, respec­

tiv e ly .

Staurognathus

The three species of Staurognathus represented in material

from western Canada are distinct in that the elements are single-

lobed. This sets them apart from the tri-lobed elements of the type

species, S. cruciformis. The single specimen illustrated by Druce

(1970, PI, 18, fig. 1) as S. cruciformis may represent a new species,

characterized by bi-lobed elements.

The first to recognize the single-lobed forms as elements of

Staurognathus were Youngquist, Miller and Downs (1950), who illu s­

trated a single specimen as Staurognathus?, These elements have been

referred to by Collinson et al. (1971, p. 379) as a "Pelekysgnathus-

like new genus," and are a common constituent of the Bactrognathus -

Taphrognathus Zone, both in the Mississippi Valley and in western

Canada sections. 51 Xaniognathus Prior to this study, Mississippian species of Xaniognathus were virtually unknown. The only report, known to this writer, is based on one or two specimens recovered from the Caney Shale, and illustrated as F.uprioniodina sp. Branson and Mehl (1941a, PI, V, fig. 17, perhaps also fig. 18). The one illustrated as fig. 17 was subsequently named Gondolella prima by Elias (1956, p. 120).

Xaniognathus primus is the most common and most wide-ranging species of this genus in western Canada. It gave rise to two species of Xaniognathus and it is probably also the ancestor of the single- lobed staurognathoids. Of these Xaniognathus n. sp. W is distinct in that the posterior process is both bent and sharply twisted. On the other hand X. n. sp. V differs in that the posterior process is bent, but not twisted, and the asymmetric basal cavity is widely flared on the outer side. Increased expansion of the basal cavity even­ tually led to the development of a third process, the one charac­ terizing Lambdagnathu3 n. sp. V.

Widening of the blade denticles of Xaniognathus primus ele­ ments and subsequent coalescense gave rise to the platform that is characteristic of elements of the single-lobed of Staurognathus.

It is of interest to note that the various species of Xanio­ gnathus and related forms developed during approximately the same time interval that is characterized in the Upper Mississippi Valley region by the development of the bactrognathoids. This group, too, is characterized by a sequence in which a straight blade (Spathogna- thodus) evolved in to a number of bent and tw isted forms. Perhaps 52 future studies will reveal that the elements presently assigned to

Doliognathus latus represent the same stage of development in that group as Lambdagnathus n, sp. V does in the group related to

Xaniognathus.

Systematic Paleontology

Introduction

The m aterial th a t was f i r s t described in Baxter (1969), is the property of the Geology Department of the University of Calgary.

The material from sections AT, AV, and A0 belongs to the Alberta

Research Council, and will be returned to their micropaleontological collection. All specimens illustrated herein will be deposited with the Alberta Research Council. The bulk collections studied are filed in the micropaleontological collection of the Orton Museum of Geology, at The Ohio State University. All specimens are mounted in gum traga- canth on micropaleontological slides, and each slide represents the material from one sample. The sample numbers, marked on the slides, consist of two digits, indicating the year the sample was collected, followed by two letters (identifying the section from which the sample was collected), followed by four digits, indicating the stratigraphic position of the sample, in feet, above the upper surface of the Devonian Palliser Formation,

The terminology used in describing conodont elements is the same as th a t outlined by Hass (1962, p. W5). However the blade of platform elements is taken to be anterior. The terms dextral and sinistral arc used to denote orientation with respect to the blade 53 and main carina. Thus Spathognathodus anteposicornis, whose charac- teristic accessory denticle is always on the right side when the unit is viewed from the posterior end, is a dextral form. Clyda- gnathus cavusformis, the Mississippian cavusgnathoids, and Taphro­ gnathus n. sp. K, are regarded as sinistral forms because the platform is to the left of the blade.

The range of each species, in the areas in which its elements have been recovered is indicated by four-digit numbers. These mark the position of its first and last occurrence, in feet, above the upper surface of the Devonian Palliser Formation. The digits used for the material from Cross field (sections AX, AY, and AZ) indicate the depth below mean sea level from which the samples were taken.

The number in brackets that precedes the above four-digit groups indicates the number of specimens recovered. The material from the

Crowsnest area, from the Morro arkose, and that on the Exshaw cores from the Dear Villa and Eastend wells has not been counted.

Material collected from the upper surface of the Palliser

Formation is characteristically Devonian, and has not been included in this report. It was collected in order to provide a check on the correct identification of this horizon. This was necessary because it is the datum level for all measurements. At those sections, where the Palliser is not exposed, the approximate position was interpreted on the basis of published reports. 54

Taxonomy

The problems of generic concepts in conodont taxonomy have been discussed in great detail by Sweet and BergstrMm (1969). Al­ though this writer is in general agreement with the above paper, the form-generic or Panderian framework was chosen for this study.

The existing zonal scheme for the Mississippian, as first proposed by Collinson et a l. (1962), supplemented by others, and finally summarized by Collinson et a l. (1971) is also based on form taxonomy. One of the prime objectives of this study was to correlate

Mississippian sections in western Canada with the standard section in the Upper Mississippi Valley region. The most practical approach, in the opinion of this writer, is to use the taxonomic framework that permits utilization of the zonal scheme of Collinson et a l.

The alternative, replacing that zonation with one based on multi­ elementtaxonomy, is a major undertaking and beyond the scope of this study,

APATOGNATHUS Branson & Mehl, 1934

Type species: Apatognathus yarians Branson & Mehl, 1934

APATOGNATHUS CHAULIODUS Varker, 1967

PI. 5, fig. 21, 22

Apatognathus? chaulioda VARKER, 1967, p. 129, PI. 17, figs. 1-3, 5.

Occurrence & Range. Pernio (2) 2391-2410; Gap (I) undeter­ mined; Highwood (7) 2975-3003.

Hypotypes. PC-0116; PC-0117.

Code. 232. APATOGNATHUS CUSPIDATUS Varker, 1967

PI. 5, fig. 15, 16

Apatognathus? cuspldata VARKER, 1967, p. 131, Pi. 17, figs. 4, 6-10.

Occurrence & Range. F ernie (1) 2379; Highwood (4) 2955-2995.

Hypotypes. PC-0110; PC-0111.

Code. 236,

APATOGNATHUS LIBRATUS V a rlc e r, 1967

PI. 5, fig. 17

Apatognathus? libratus VARKER, 1967, p. 134, PI. 18, figs. 3, 6, 8,

9, 12, 13.

Occurrence & Range. Fernie (2) 2379-3065; Highwood (2) 2995,

Hypotype. PC-0112.

Code. 238,

APATOGNuTHUS PETILUS Varker, 1967

PI. 5, figs. 13, 14

Apatognathus? petila VARKER, 1967, p. 135, PI. 17, fig. 11, Pi. 18, figs. 7, 10, 11,

Occurrence & Range. F ernie (7) 3035-3085; Highwood (22)

2962-3003.

Hypotypes. PC-0108; PC-0109. APATOGNATHUS SCALENUS Varker, 1967

PI. 5, figs. 18-20; PI. 11, fig. 5

Apatognathus? gemina (Hinde) REXROAD & COLLINSON, 1963, p. 7, PI. 1,

figs. 12-17.

Apatognathus? scalena VARKER. 1967, p. 136, PI. 18, figs. 1,2,4,5.

Occurrence fie Range. Fernie (2) 2379-3031; Gap (3) 1505-

1965; Highwood (9) 2927-2975; Pigeon-G rotto (1) 1879; C ro ssfield (1)

-3916.

Hypotypes. PC-0113; PC-0114; PC-0115; PC-0225.

• Coda. 233.

APATOGNATHUS? N. SP. A

PI. 11, fig. 12

Diagnosis. Apatognathoids characterized by subequal, long, thin , appressed denticles.

Description. The anterior and porterior processes are offset at an angle of about 60 degrees, are subequal in length, and the plane of bisection of one process diverges slightly from that of the other. Bar denticles are long, thin, and closely appressed. All denticles, including the apical denticles, are subequal and curve slightly inward.

Remarks. The appressed, subequal denticles set this species apart from all other apatognathoids. The affinities of this species are not as yet understood, and this species is only tentatively assigned to Apatognathus. The denticulation is similar to that of

Neoprionlodus n. sp. A (089), and Ozarkodlna n. sp. A (440), but as 57 yet it is impossible to demonstrate any relationship among these

three form species.

Occurrence & Range. Fernie (4) 2310-2470.

Illustrated Specimen. PC-0232.

Code. 350.

APATOGNATHUS SP.

Occurrence & Range. Fernie (17) 2360-3085; Gap (19)

1249-1970; Highwood (2927-3003); Tunnel (1) 1400; Pigeon-Grotto

(27) 0318-1892; Exshaw (4) 0535-0545; Cadomin (2) 0605-1205; Cross­

field (1) -3932; Morro 0001.

Code. 230.

CAVUSGNATHUS H arris & H ollingsw orth 1933

Type Species: Cayusgnathus alta Harris & Hollingsworth, 1933.

All the specimens that have been recovered are sinistral

forms; the platform is to the right of the blade. The concept of

this form-genus is herein restricted to include only those fornson

which the anterior margins of the platform are essentially parallel.

Similar forms in which the right margin is straight to slightly convex,

and in which the left anterior margin curves toward the blade are

included in Taphrognathus Branson & Mehl. cavusgnathus s p .

PI. 7, figs. 22-25, 28-30; PI. 10, figs. 13-16;

PI. 13, figs. 11-15. Text figs. 2a-c.

Remarks; Small specimens recovered are all virtually iden­ tical in appearance, except that some bear the single, prominent blade-denticle that characterizes elements of Cavusgnathus unicornis

(332)(text fig. 2b). Others lack this denticle and thus resemble

C. altus (331)(text fig. 2a). Larger elements exhibit any of the blade configurations that characterize previously known species.

However, most of the material is poorly preserved, and the number of specimens per sample is small. To avoid extending the known ranges of Mississippian species of Cavusgnathus without adequatesupporting evidence, all specimens are tentatively referred to Cavusgnathus sp.

A few specimens are distinct in that the platform margins appear strongly crenulate in oral view. It is not clear at this time whether they are abnormal representatives of a known species.

Occurrence & Range. Fernie (67) 2324-3170; Gap (36) 1665-

1975; Highwood (350) 2423-3335; Pigeon-G rotto (58) 1629-2226.

Representative specimens. PC-0175; PC-0176; PC-0178; PC-0179;

PC-0216; PC-0217; PC-0255; PC-0256;

PC-0257.

Codes. 330, 331, 332, 338.

CLYDAGNATHUS Rhodes, A ustin & Druce, 1969

Type species: Clydagnathus cavusformis Rhodes, Austin 6s

Druce, 1969 59

CLYDAGNTHUS CAVUSFORMIS Rhodes, A ustin & Druce, 1969

PI. 6, figs. 21-26

Clydagnathus cavusformis RHODES, AUSTIN & DRUCE, 1969, p. 85, Pi. 1,

figs. 9-13; DRUCE, 1969, p. 50, PI. 4, figs. 1, 5-7.

Occurrence & Range. Cadomin (9) 0532-0720.

Hypotypes. PC-0146; PC-0147; PC-0148.

Code. 071.

DINODUS Cooper, 1939

Type species: Dinodus leptus Cooper, 1939

Remarks. Except in samples from Crowsnest Pass and the

Morro Creek area, elements of Dinodus are rare in western Canada.

The material from Crowsnest Pass will be the basis of a separate study. A preliminary examination of this material suggests

that most known species of Dinodus are based on morphologically different skeletal elements that belonged to one species.

DIN0DUS SP.

PI. 3, figs. 12-23; PI. 20, fig. 7.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (5) 0505-0629; Crowsnest

0036-0041; Morro 0001.

Representative specimens. PC-0060; PC-0061; PC-0062; PC-0063;

PC-0064; PC-0065; PC-0066; PC-0305

( p a r t) .

Code. 270. ELICTOGNATHUS Cooper, 1939

Type species: Solcnognathus bialata Branson & Mehl, 1934

ELICTOGNATHUS BXALATUS (Branson & Mehl, 1934)

PI. 3, figs. 1, 2

Solenognathus bialata BRANSON & MEHL, 1934b, p. 273, Pi. 22, fig. 11.

Elictognathus bialatus (Branson & Mehl) REXROAD, 1969, p. 14, Pi. 1,

figs. 1-5; THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 81, PI. 4, figs. 8,9

(for comprehensive synonymy).

Occurrence & Range. Crowsnest 0036-0041; Morro 0001.

Hypotypes. PC-0050; PC-0051.

Code. 122.

ELICTOGNATHUS LACERATUS (Branson & Mehl), 1934)

PI. 3, figs. 3,4

Solenognathus lacerata BRANSON & MEHL, 1934, p. 271, PI. 22, figs.

5, 6.

Elicbognathus laceratus (Branson & Mehl) THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970,

p. 81, PI. 5, figs. 20,21 (for comprehensive synonymy).

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (7) 0421-0640; Exshaw

(2) 0725; Moose (2) 0585-0595; Crowsnest 0036-0041; Morro 0001.

Hypotypes. PC-0052; PC-0053.

Code. 121.

D0LI0GNATHUS Branson & Mehl, 1941

Type species: Doliognathus lata Branson & Mehl, 1941 61 DOLIOGNAIHUS SP.

PI. 1, figs. 14,15

Remarks. The single specimen is damaged, and specific

identification is impossible,

Illustrated specimen. PC-0008.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (1) 1170.

Code. 310.

GNATHODUS Pander, 1856

Type species: Gnathodus mosquensis Pander, 1856.

Remarks. Elements of species of Gnathodus (G. billneatus and

G. cuneiformis) are sufficiently abundant to permit studying individ­

ual growth-stages, which differ considerably within one species. It

is possible that some species of Gnathodus, as well as some• * of *Spatho-

gnathodus, are based on early growth-stage elements of previously described species of Gnathodus.

Early growth-stage elements of Gnathodus differ from advanced

ones in that the basal cavity is small and the platform Is absent.

Superficially they resemble elements of Spnthognathodus, but differ

in that they lack the latter's prominent anterior bladc-denticles,

and in the configuration and extreme posterior location of the basal

cavity. The basal cavity is asymmetrical, and its position of maximum

lateral expansion on the inner side is anterior to that on the outer

side. Intermediate growth-stage elements are characterized by an

overall increase in size, and by the initial development of a plat­

form by lateral expansion of the basal cavity. The oral surface of

the walls of the basal cavity of these may be smooth, or partly 62 ornamented with one or more nodes. Only the large, fully developed, advanced growth-stage elements show the complete ornament character­ istic of the species.

GNATHODUS BILINEATUS (Roundy, 1926)

PI. 5, figs. 25-35. Text fig. 4a-f

Polygnathus bilineatus ROUNDY, 1926, p. 13, PI. 3, fig. 10.

Gnathodus bilineatus (Roundy) WEBSTER, 1969, p. 30, PI. 5, figs. 11,

12 (for comprehensive synonymy); MARKS & WENSINK, 1970, p.

258, PI. 2, figs, 3,4 (for additional synonymy).

Spnthognathodus campbelli REXROAD, 1957, p. 37, 1.3, figs. 13-15;

WEBSTER, 1969, p. 43, Pi. 7, fig. 5 (for comprehensive syno­

nymy); MARKS & WENSINK, 1970, p. 270, PI. 4, figs. 9,10(for

additional synonymy).

Description: Early growth-stage elements appear identical to those assigned to Spathognathodus campbelli by Rexroad (1957) (text fig. 4a,b). Intermediate and advanced growth-stage elements are id e n tic a l to those illu s tr a te d by Roundy (1926) and subsequent workers as G. bilineatus (text figs. 4c-f).

Growth of elements of Gnathodus bilineatus appears to have been slightly different from that of some other gnathodoids. The inner platform and its characteristic ornament developed first, then

further growth led to the development of the outer platform.

By contrast elements of Gnathodus cuneiformis grew by first developing a smooth, unornamented platform on both sides of the blade.

Subsequent growth developed the characteristic nodes parallel to the 63 blade, first on the inner, then on the outer side (text fig. 5a-c),

Occurrence & Range. Highwood (61) 3125-3225.

Hypotypes. PC-0119; PC-0120; PC-0121; PC-0122;

PC-0123; PC-0124; PC-0125; PC-0126;

PC-0127.

GNATHODUS CUNEIFORMIS Mehl & Thomas, 1947

PI. 4, figs. 7,8; Pi. 11, fig. 4; PI. 14, figs. 12-14.

Text fig, 5a-c,

Gnathodus cuneiformis MEHL & THOMAS, 1947, p. 10, PI. 1, fig. 2;

RHODES, AUSTIN & DRUCE, 1969, p. 97, P i. 8, fig . 6; THOMPSON

& FELLOWS, 1970, p. 84 (for comprehensive synonymy).

Description. Advanced growth-stage elements are character­ ized by a narrow, subsymmetrical platform, ornamented with two sub­ parallel rows of nodes. Early growth-stage elements of G. cuneiformis and G. bilineatus are very similar and consist of a thin blade characterized by numerous thin, appressed denticles and a small, asymmetric posterior basal cavity (text fig. 5a). Intermediate growth-stage elements are distinct in that the basal cavity has ex­ panded, giving rise to the platform. The growth pattern of the blade-denticles is such that only alternate ones increase in width.

Because of this some smaller elements appear to have denticles of alternating width. Further growth of the wider denticles causes the thinner ones to be completely covered. At the same time the initially smooth platform develops nodes, first on the inner, then on the outer side (text figs. 5b,c). 64

Remarks. Because of the different appearance of the elements

that represent the stages, it is possible that intermediate forms may have been reported as elements of some of the subspecies of

Gnathodus commutatus that have been established by Bischoff (1957).

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-G rotto (112) 0688-1030; Exshaw

(1) 0835.

Hypotypes. PC-0080; PC-0081; PC-0224;

PC-0265; PC-0266.

Codes. 410 (early growth-stage), 187 (intermediate), 186

(advanced).

GNATHODUS DELICATUS Branson & Mehl, 1938

PI. 4, figs. 19-23

Gnathodus delicatus BRANSON & MEHL, 1938, p. 145, PI. 34, figs.

25-27; THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 85, PI. 1, figs. 14,

17,18; PI. 2, figs. 1,5 (for comprehensive synonymy); MARKS

& WENSINK, 1970, p. 261, PI. 3, figs. 8,9,11.

Occurrence & Range. Crowsnest 0038-0041.

Hypotypes. PC-0092; PC-0093; PC-0094;

PC-0095; PC-0096.

Code. 182.

GNATHODUS KOCKELI B ischoff, 1957

Gnathodus kockeli BISCHOFF, 1957, p. 25, PI. 3, figs. 27-32.

Protognathodus kockeli (Bischoff) ZIEGLER, 1969, p. 354, PI. 1, figs.

19,20,23-25, PI. 2, figs. 1-5 (for recent synonymy). 65

Remarks. The last occurrence of Gnathodus kockeli and similar

gnathodoids, and the first appearance of other Kitidavhookian species

of Gnathodu3, in Europe and in the Upper Mississippi Valley region,

is separated by an interval that has been termed "zone of few

gnathodids" by Collinson et a l. (1962), and "Zone ohne Gnathodiden"

by Ziegler (1969). Because of this hiatus, Ziegler (1969) removed the

kockeli-like gnathodids, and included'them in a new form-genus,

Protognathodus. The earlier mentioned hiatus can not be recognized

in the Mississippian of western Canada, and elements of G. kockeli

have been found in samples with G. punctatus, G. delicatus, and other

gnathodoids. This species is therefore retained in Gnathodus.

Occurrence & Range. Crowsnest 0036-0041.

Code. 192.

GNATHODUS PUNCTATUS (Cooper, 1939)

PI. 4, figs. 9-16; Pi. 9, figs. 9-11

Dryphenotus punctatus COOPER, 1939, p. 386, Pi. 41, figs. 42,43;

PI. 42, figs. 10,11.

Gnathodus punctatus (Cooper) THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 86, Pi. 1,

figs. 15,16,19; Pi. 2, figs. 14,17 (for comprehensive syno­

nymy) .

Remarks. Elements of Gnathodus punctatus have been found in

samples from Crowsnest Pass, together with those of early and mid-

Kinderhookian species of Gnathodus, Siphonode11a, and Pseudopoly-

gnathus. Elsewhere in North America, this species has not been

reported from lCinderhookian strata, and was known only from the 66 pre-Osagean Siphonoclolla cooperi liassi - Gnathodus punctatus Zone

(Thompson & Fellow s, 1970). Thus the s tra tlg ra p h ic range of th is species appears to be greater than previously recorded.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (8) 061100643; Exshaw (12)

0725-0745; Crowsnest 0036-0041.

Hypotypes. PC-0082; PC-0083; PC-0084; PC-0085;

PC-0086; PC-0087; PC-0088; PC-0089;

PC-0193; PC-0194; PC-0195.

Cede. 185.

GNATHODUS SEMIGLABER B ischoff, 1957

PI. 4, figs. 1-6

Gnathodus bilineatus semiglaber BISCHOFF, 1957, p. 22, PI. 3, figs.

1-10, 12-14.

Description. All specimens recovered (with the exception of some of those from Crowsnest Pass) are intermediate growth-stage elements, and appear to be identical to the "juvenile Exemplare" illustrated by Bischoff (1947, Pi. 3, figs. 8-10, 12-14).

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-G rotto (4) 0644-0688; Exshaw

(15) 0725-0745; Hoose (1) 0615; Crowsnest 0036-0041.

Hypotypes. PC-0074; PC-0075; PC-0076;

PC-0077; PC-0078; PC-0079.

Code. 184.

GNATHODUS TEXANUS Roundy, 1927

PI. 5, figs. 23, 24 67

Gnathodus texanus ROUNDY, 1926, p. 12, PI. 2, figs. 7,8.

Gnathodus texanu3 texanus Roundy THOMPSON & ALLOWS, 1970, p. 89,

PI. 2, figs. 15, 16 (for comprehensive synonymy).

Occurrence & Range. Highwood (2) 3265.

Hypotype. PC-0118.

Code. 189.

GNATHODUS SP. c f. G. COMMUTATUS (Branson & Mehl, 1941)

PI. 11, Figs. 13, 14 cf. Spathognathodus commutatus BRANSON & MEHL, 1941c, p. 98, Pi. 19,

fig s . 1-4. cf. Gnathodus commutatus commutatus (Branson & Mehl), BISCHOFF,

1957, p. 22, PI. 4, figs. 2-6, 15.

Remarks. It is quite possible that the specimens referred to

Gnathodus commutatus by many authors are intermediate growth-stage elements of other species of Gnathodus. Almost all specimens assign­ able to this species recovered in this study are broken and incomplete.

Many may be specimens of Spathognathodus stabilis that have a wide basal cavity.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (111) 1078-1895; Highwood (3)

2975-3195; Tunnel (9) 1404; Pigeon-Grotto (117) 1028-2114; Exshaw

(3) 1110-1145; Cadomin (2) 0955; Crossfield (15) -4001 - -3882.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0233; PC-0234.

Code. 188. GNATHODUS SP. c f. G. TYPICUS Cooper, 1939

PI. 4, figs. 17, 18 cf. Gnathodus typicus COOPER, 1939, p. 388, Pi, 42, figs. 77, 78;

THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 89, P I. 3, fig s . 3,13,

Remarks. The elements recovered during this study are all interpreted to represent early or intermediate growth-stages. They are very small, and resemble the holotype of Gnathodus typicus illu s­ tra te d by Cooper (1939) and r e - illu s tr a te d by Thompson & Fellows

(1970), PI. 3, fig. 3).

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (19) 0641-0688; Exshaw

(9) 0745; Moose (3) 0574-0580.

Hypotypes. PC-0090; PC-0091.

Code. 183.

GNATHODUS SP.

Remarks. Elements of Gnathodus that are too poorly preserved to permit specific identification are included under this designa­ tio n .

Occurrence & Range. Tunnel (1) 1404; Pigeon-Grotto (14)

0611-1037; Moose (2) 0574-0576; Crowsnest 0036; Mooro 0001.

Codes. 180, 190.

HIBBARDELLA B assler, 1925

Type species. Prioniodus angulatus Hinde. 1879

Remarks. All elements of Hibbardella and Ligonodina that have been recovered from the samples collected for this study are poorly preserved and specific identification is impossible. It 69 was noted, however, that many fragments of these two are so similar in appearance, especially in the size and curvature of the cusp, that each must be turned over to determine whether the specimen had one or two lateral processes. Because the too commonly occur together, and because they are closely similar, it is assumed that they are morphologically different elements of the same skeletal apparatus.

HIBBARDELLA SP.

Occurrence & Range. Throughout all sections (622).

Code. 130,

HINDEODELLA B assler, 1925

Type species: Hindeodella subtilis Bassler, 1925.

HINDEODELLA SEGAFORMIS B ischoff, 1957

PI. 1, figs. 18-20

Hindeodella segaformis BISCHOFF. 1957, p. 28, PI. 5, figs. 40,41,43;

ZIKMUNDOVA, 1967, P I. 3, fig . 2; MARKS & WESINK, 1970,

p. 265, PI. 1, fig. 2 (for additional synonymy).

Occurrence & Range. Crowsnest (2) 0062; Gap (1) 1170.

Hypotypes. PC-0011; PC-0012; PC-0013.

Code. 111.

HINDEODELLA SP.

Remarks. All specimens recovered are damaged, and specific identification is impossible. The count given below, and in the appendix shows the minimum number p re se n t. 70

Occurrence & Range. Throughout all sections (662+) .

Code. 110.

HINDEODUS Rexroad & F urnish, 1964

Type Species: Trichonodella imperfecta Rexroad, 1957

Remarks. Elements of Hindeodus occur sporadically at all levels and throughout all of the sections. Because of the commonly poor preservation and relative scarcity, specific identifications were not attempted.

HINDEODUS SP.

Occurrence & Range. Throughout all sections (275).

Code. 170.

LAMBDAGNATHUS Rexroad, 1958

Type Species: Lambdagnathus fragilidens Rexroad, 1958

LAMBDAGNATHUS NEW SPECIES V

PI. 1, figs. 25-29

Diagnosis. Elements of this species of Lambdagnathus are distinct in that the angles between the^r three processes are sub­ equal, their bar-denticles increase in size distally, and their cusp is noticeably taller than the bar-denticles adjacent to it.

Description. The cusp is subtriangular in cross-section, and three denticulate processes diverge laterally, about 120 degrees apart. The processes appear to be only slightly arched, and their relative length could not be determined. The bar-denticles increase 71 in size distally; the cusp is taller than the denticles adjacent to it. The triangular basal cavity extends beneath the processes as a th in s l i t .

Remarks, Elements of this species differ from those of

Lambdagnathus fragilidens Rexroad, 1958, and L. macrodentata Clarke,

I960, in the sub-equal divergence of the processes. The bar-denticles of L. macrodentata elements vary in size, those of L. fragilidens elements are subequal in length, and those of L. n. sp. V elements gradually increase in size away from the cusp.

The apparent relationship between elements of this species and those of Xaniognathus n. sp. V are discussed under that species.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (16) 1225-1465; Pigeon-Grotto (7)

1375-1833.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0017; PC-0018; PC-0019;

PC-0020; PC-0021.

Code. 261.

LIGONODINA B assler, 1925

Type species: Ligonodina pectinata Bassler, 1925

LIGONODINA sp.

Remarks. See comments under H ib b ard ella.

Occurrence & Range. Throughout all sections (1722).

Code. 100.

LONCHODINA B assler, 1925

Type species: I.onc hod ina ty p ical is B assler, 1925 LONCHODINA SP. CF. L. ARCUATA U lrich & B assler, 1926

PI. 17, fig. 6

cf. Lonchodina arcuata ULRICII & BASSLER, 1926, p. 32, PI. 5, fig. 15;

HUDDLE, 1968, p. 21, PI. 11, figs. 5-13.

Remarks. The two specimens in this collection resemble those

illustrated by Ulrich & Bassler (1926), and Huddle (1968).

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (2) 0745-1025.

Illustrated specimen. PC-0284.

Code, 155,

LONCHODINA SP. CF, L PARACLARKI Hass, 1953

PI 10, fig. 17

cf. Lonchodina paraclarki HASS, 1953, p. 83, Pi. 16, figs. 15,16.

Remarks. The broken specimens from this collection closely

resemble the fragments illustrated by Hass (1953).

Occurrence & Range, Gap (30) 0834-1485; Tunnel (1) 1400;

Pigeon-Grotto (33) 1025-1833; Crossfield (5) -3995 - -3906.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0218.

Code. 152.

LONCHODINA TYPICALIS B assler, 1925

PI. 3, fig. 11

Lonchodina typicalis BASSLER, 1925, p. 219; HUDDLE, 1968, p. 23,

PI. 12, figs. 14-22 (for comprehensive synonymy).

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (13) 0336-0644.

Hypotype. PC-0059.

Code. 151. LONCHODINA SP.

Remarks. Under this designation are included elements too poorly preserved for specific identification.

Occurrence & Range. Throughout all sections (257).

Code. 150.

MAGNILATERELLA Rexroad & C ollinson, 1963

Type species: Magnilatorclla robusta, Rexroad & Collinson,

1963

MAGNILATERELLA SP.

PI. 1, figs. 16, 17

Remarks. All elements recovered were damaged, and specific

identification was not attempted.

Occurrence & Range. Fernie (1) 2450; Gap (29) 0850-1895;

Highwood (23) 2975-3315; Pigeon-G rotto 1244-1897 (44); Cadomin (2)

0955; Crossfield (8) -3948 - -3886.

Representative specimens. PC-0009; PC-0010.

Code. 161.

MAGNILATERELLA? SP

Remarks. These are broken fragments that may be parts of

Magnilaterella-elements.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (55) 1170-1970; Highwood (11)

3003-3185; Tunnel (1) 1404; Pigeon-Grotto (29) 1355-2010; Exshaw

(1) 1165; Crossfield (5) -4000 - -3882.

Code 160. 74

METALONCHODINA Branson & Mehl, 1941

Type species: Prionlodus bldentatus Gunnell, 1931

METALONGHODINA SP.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (15) 1098-1170; Pigeon-Grotto (16);

Moose (1) 0576; Crossfield (3) -3956 - 3932.

Code. 210.

NEOPRIONIODUS Rhodes & M tlller, 1956

Type species: Prionlodus conjunctus Gunnell, 1931.

Remarks. Conodont-assemblages described and illustrated by

Scott (1942), Rhodes (1952), and Schmidt & MUller (1964) contain ele­ ments that in the past have been referred to Neoprioniodus and Syn- prioniodina, together with other, morphologically different conodont elements. All of the above came from Carboniferous strata, and it is quite likely that most, if not all of the Mississippian neoprioniodoid and synprioniodoid elements recovered during this study came from similar skeletal apparatuses. The above-mentioned assemblages also indicate that the skeletal apparatuses of some conodonts included neoprioniodoid elements whereas others had synprioniodoid ones. For the purpose of this study, an attempt has been made to distinguish arbitrarily between these two types of elements. Regardless of the presence or absence of denticles on the anterior edge of the cusp, those elements on which the cusp and its aboral projection, the anti­ cusp, are subequal, and much shorter than the posterior process are referred to Synprioniodina. Elements whose cusp, or cusp-anticusp is longer than the posterior bar are included in Neoprioniodus. 75

Most neoprioniodoids recovered are poorly preserved, and specific identification is mostly impossible. Exceptions to this

are the elements of Neoprionidus conjunctus, N. ligo, and N. pera- cutus, whose morphologic characteristics are sufficiently distinct

to identify them, even when damaged.

NEOPRIONIODUS SP. c f. N. CONJUNCTUS (Gunnell, 1931)

PI. 10, figs. 4-6; PI. 17, figs. 4,5 cf. Prioniodus conjunctus GUNNELL, 1913, p. 247, PI. 29, fig. 7.

cf. Neoprioniodus conjunctus (Gunnell) HIGGINS, 1962, p. 10, Pi. 1,

fig . 2.

Description. Large neoprioniodoid elements characterised by

a massive cusp and a very large basal cavity. The posterior bar is

broken off all specimens recovered, and none have denticles on the

anterior edge of the cusp.

Remarks. All the specimens collected during the study fall within the limits of Higgins' (1962) revised description of elements

of Neoprioniodus conjunctus.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (14) 0834-1284; Tunnel (8) 1395-

1400; Pigeon-Grotto (22) 0644-2069; Cadomin (1) 0605; Crossfield (1)

-3911.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0208; PC-0209; PC-0210; PC-0283.

Code. 083.

NEOPRIONIODUS LIGO (Hass, 1953)

PI. 10, fig. 18; PI. 17, figs.1-3 76

Prioniodus ligo HASS. 1953, p. 87, PI. 16, figs. 1-3,

? Neoprioniodus ligo (Hass) THOMPSON & GOEBEL, 1968, p. 37, Pi. 3,

fig . 1.

Revised description. Cusp and anticusp are subequal and bowed outward. The p o ste rio r b ar, which is approxim ately the same length as the cusp-anticusp unit, is straight with a slight twise at the posterior end; its long axis is perpendicular to that of the cusp. Bar denticles are subequal in width, decrease in length posteriorly and are fused laterally. The posterior bar may bear at least 21 denticles, and is about txtfice the width of the denticles.

The outer side of the denticles is continuous with the outer side of the posterior bar; however the inner side of this bar forms a prominent ledge. The basal cavity is inverted, bisected by a thin median groove, and extends the full length of both anticusp and posterior bar. The outer aboral margin is slightly rounded; the

inner is flared at the junctionof anticusp and posterior bar.

Remarks, The number and spacing of the bar denticles, the relative attitude of the posterior bar, and the basal cavity dis­ tinguish elements referred to Neoprioniodus ligo from those assigned to N. peracutus. In western Canada elements of the latter species occur in younger strata than do those of N. ligo.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (7) 1008-1170; Pigeon-Grotto (16)

1030-1385; Cadomin (1) 0955; Crossfield (5) -3991 - 03932,

Hypotypes. PC-0219; PC-0281; PC-0282.

Code. 085, NEOPRIONIODUS PliRACUTUS (Hinde, 1900)

PI. 10, figs. 1-3

Prioniodus pcracutus HINDE, 1900, p. 343, Pi. 10, fig. 22 (lecto-

type, Roundy, 1926, p. 10).

Neoprioniodus peracutus (Hinde). CLARKE, I960, p. 14, PI. II,

fig. 6 (for detailed description and re-illustration of the

lectotype).

Description. The cusp is tall, slightly bowed, and twice

the length of the anticusp. In cross-section the cusp is pronoun­ cedly convex on the outer side, and nearly flat on the inner side,

A narrow, shallow depression on the inner side is Immediately behind

and parallel to the anterior edge of the cusp. This characteristic

of the cusp-anticusp also makes it possible to identify broken

elem ents.

The proximal part of the posterior bar is perpendicular

to the cusp, but the process curves downward distally. Bar denticles

adjacent to the cusp are erect and parallel to it, but subsequent

ones are progressively inclined toward theposterior. The maximum

inclination is about 45 degrees. The basal cavity, which is

restricted to the aboral posterior part of the anticusp, is exca­ vated in early growth-stage elements, aid inverted in ones representing

advanced stages of growth.

Occurrence & Range. Fernie (5) 3031-3115; Highwood (30)

2955-3320.

Hypotypes. PC-0206; PC-0207.

Code. 088, NEOPRIONIODUS NEW SPECIES A

PI. 7, fig. 15-17

Diagnosis. These elements are subtriangular in side view; the cusp has no downward projection or anticusp; and the thin, fused denticles are inclined posteriorly at about 45 degrees to the posterior process. The posterior process is about the same thick­ ness as, and is continuous with, the base of the cusp. The basal cavity has slightly flared walls and is located beneath the anterior half of the aboral margin.

Description. The lower part of the anterior edge of the cusp is inclined at about 60 degrees to the aboral margin of the posterior process. The cusp is slightly curved inward and to the posterior.

The maximum inclination is about 45 degrees with respect to the aboral process. The bar denticles are about one-fifth the thick­ ness of the cusp, fused laterally, and are parallel to the distal part of the cusp. The tallest denticle is adjacent to the cusp; the others decrease in size posteriorly. The aboral margin of both cusp and posterior process‘is continuous.

Remarks. This species of Neoprioniodus differs from most other ones in that the cusp of its elements has no aboral projection.

These elements differ further from those of all reported species of Neoprioniodus in the inclination of the thin denticles. These are not only inclined with respect to the posterior process (45 degrees) but they are also slightly inclined to the lower part of the cusp.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (20) 1695-1975. 79

Illustrated specimens. PC-0170; PC-0171.

Code. 089.

NEOPRIONIODUS N. SP.?

PI. 2, figs. 15,16

Remarks. In this category the writer includes elements that closely resemble those of other neoprioniodoids, but differ in that a d e n tic le , about the same siz e and shape as the cusp, p ro je cts from the cusp's posterior edge, and is almost parallel to it. This gives the appearance of a bifurcated cusp.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (1) 0495; Gap (2) undeter­ mined .

Illustrated specimens. PC-0034; PC-0035,

Code. 081.

NEOPRIONIODUS SP.

Remarks. In this category the writer includes elements that are too poorly preserved for specific Identification.

Occurrence & Range. Throughout all sections (1631).

Code. 080.

NOTIIOGNATHELLA Branson & Mehl, 1934

Type species: Nothognathella typicalis Branson & Mehl, 1934

NOTIIOGNATHELLA SP.

PI. 19, fig. 1; PI. 20, figs. 5,6 80

Description. The elements resemble those of Ozarkodina, but differ in possessing an inverted basal cavity and a prominent lateral edge which extends the full length of the blade.

Remarks. The single Exshaw specimen from section AJ is damaged, the ones observed on the handspecimens from the Morro area

(section AT) are incompletely exposed, and specific identification is thus impossible.

Occurrence & Range. Exshaw (1) 0032; Morro 0001.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0302(part); PC-0310(part).

Code. 500.

OZARKODINA (Branson & Mehl, 1933

Type species: Ozarkodina typlca Brnson & Mehl, 1933

Remarks. The name Ozarkodina is used herein in the form- generic sense, as originally proposed by Branson and Mehl (1933), and as most recently used by Collinson et a l. (1971, p. 382, fig. 7).

Occurrence & Range. Highwood (9) 2975-2999.

Hypotypes. PC-0101; PC-0102; PC-0103.

Code. 449.

OZARKODINA SP. c f. 0. COMPRESSA Rexroad, 1957 cf. Ozarkodina compressa REXROAD, 1957, p. 36, PI. 2, figs. 1,2.

Remarks. All the specimens recovered are poorly preserved and damaged. They resemble the specimens illustrated by Rexroad (1957).

Occurrence & Range, Gap (6) 0850-1705; Highwood (2) 3065-

3105; Pigeon-Grotto (79) 0338-1902; Cadomin (8) 0720-0840; Crossfield

(2) -3917. Code. 143. 81

OZARKODINA SP. c f. 0. CURVATA Rexroad, 1958

PI. 7, figs. 10,11 cf. Ozarkodina curvata REXROAD, 1958a, p. 24, PI, 4, figs. 1-3.

Remarks. This category includes specimens that resemble those illustrated by Rexroad (1958).

Occurrence & Range. Fernie (6) 3085-3160; Gap (36) 1685-

1925; Pigeon-Grotto (11) 1023-1890; Crossfield (2) -3917.

Representative specimens.

Code. 142,

OZARKODINA SP. c f. 0. LAEVIP0STICA Rexroad & C ollinson, 1963

PI. 7, figs. 26,27; PI. 10, fig. 19

Ozarkodina cf. 0. laevipostica Rexroad & Collinson, REXROAD &

COLLINSON, 1965, p. 13, P i. 1, fig . 12; THOMPSON & GOEBEL,

1968, p. 40, PI. 3, figs. 21,24.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (22) 0850-1674; Tunnel (3) 1395;

Pigeon-G rotto (50) 1030-1902; Cadomin (4) 0810-0950.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0177; PC-0220.

Code. 144.

OZARKODINA N. SP. B

PI. 5, figs. 1-4

Diagnosis. Ozarkodina elements that are distinct in having a large cusp, short anterior and posterior bars, and an asymmetrical basal cavity.

Description. Short arched Ozarkodina elements that are distinct in having a relatively large cusp. The anterior and posterior 82 process bear four denticles each. Those on the anterior process are the larger, subtriangular in side view, and discrete. Of the posterior denticles the two immediately posterior of the cusp are closely appressed and thinner than the two posteriormost ones. The latter are short and discrete. The margins of the large basal cavity are subtriangular in outline, and exhibit a pronounded flare on th e o u ter sid e .

Remarks. Elements of Ozarkodina n, sp. B resemble those of

0. laevipostica and 0. sp. cf. 0. laevipostica, but differ in having a relatively larger cusp, a larger number of denticles on each of the processes, and a very noticeably asymmetric basal cavity. Future studies may reveal that the three are closely related.

Occurrence & Range. Fcrnie (4) 2550-3050; Gap (3) 1855-1970;

Highwood (2) 2975-3065.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0101; PC-0102; PC-0103; PC-0104.

Code. 149,

OZARKODINA? N. SP. A

PI. 7, figs. 12-14

Diagnosis^ Thin, arched, and slightly bowed blades charac­ terized by a very thin basal slit, thin, appressed, subequal den- A tid es, and a cusp that is about the same size as the bar denticles.

Description. Ozarkodina-liko elements that consist of a thin, arched and slightly bowed blade, which bears 10-12 denticles on both the anterior and posterior processes. The denticles are thin, subparallel and fused. The cusp is about the same size as the bar 83 denticles. The basal cavity is a very thin slit. All denticles are slightly inclined toward the posterior. There appear to be at least three types of arrangement of the denticles. On some elements the denticles are in a radial pattern with respect to the center of the arch of the blade. On others the denticles of both processes are nearly parallel to the cusp. The third pattern is one on which the denticles of each process are parallel to each other, but the anterior denticles are almost perpendicular to posterior ones.

Remarks. The thin fused denticles, the small cusp, and the arrangement of the denticles, set these elements apart from those of previously reported species of Ozarkodina. In the w riter's opinion, future studios may reveal that these elements belong to the same skeletal apparatus as the elements reported herein as Apatognathus? n. sp. A (350) and Neoprioniodus n. sp. A (089). Because of the paucity of the material, this cannot be documented.

Occurrence & Range. Fernie (2) 2379; Gap (5) 1945-1975.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0167; PC-0168; PC-0169.

Code. 440.

OZARKODINA SP.

Remarks. This category includes broken and poorly preserved specimens that could not be specifically identified. This category includes a number of fragments that resemble the specimens illus­ trated by Canis (1968, PI. 73, figs. 3,4) as Ozarkodina radians (141).

Occurrence & Range. Throughout all sections (668).

Codes. 140,141. 84

PALMATOLEPIS U lrich & B assler, 1926

Type species: Palmatolepis perlobata Ulrich & Bassler, 1926

PALMATOLEPIS SP.

PI. 19, fig. 3; PI. 20, figs, 2,7

Remarks. All the material from the Morro area (section AT) is preserved on the surface of several hand specimens of an arkosic sandstone, and thus only one side can be seen of each specimen.

Palmatolepis elements are preserved on several of the hand speci- ments, but all the ones that were seen by the writer are preserved such that only the basal cavity can be seen. Specific identification is therefore impossible.

It is the opinion of the writer that these specimens are not reworked. The reasons for this interpretation have been dis­ cussed elsewhere.

Occurrence & Range. Morro 0001.

I llu s tr a te d specimens, PC-0305 (p a rts ).

Code. 600.

PATROGNATHUS Rhodes, A ustin & Dru e , 1969

Type species: Patrognathus variabilis Rhodes, Austin &

Druce, 1969

PATROGNATHUS ANDERS0NI Klapper, 1971

PI. 6, figs. 14-16

Patrognathus andersoni KLAPPER, 1971, p. 8, PI. 1, figs. 1-10 (for

synonymy). 85

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (14) 0550-0619; Moose

(5) 0565.

Hypotypes. PC-0140; PC-0141.

Code. 280.

POLYGNATHUS Hinde, 1879

Type species: Polygnathus dubius Hinde, 1879

POLYGNATHUS COMMUNIS COMMUNIS Branson & Mehl, 1934

PI. 6, figs. 9-13

Polygnathus communis BRANSON & MEHL, 1934b, p, 293, P I. 24, fig s .

1-4; MOUND, 1968, p. 505, Pi. 69, figs. 12,13,18; ANDERSON,

1969, p. 923, PI. 109, figs. 10,11,13,14,22,24; ZIEGLER, 1969,

PI. 2, figs. 7,9-11; MARKS & WENSINK, 1970, p. 268, PI. 1,

fig . 16.

Polygnathus communis communis Branson & Mehl, ADRICIIEM B00GAERT,

1967, p. 183, PI. 2, fig. 37; DRUCE, 1969, p. 94, Pi. 18,

figs. 8-11; REXROAD, 1969, p. 33, PI. 5, figs. 7-10 (includes

comprehensive synonymy); RHODES, AUSTIN & DRUCE, 1969,

p. 182, PI. 12, figs. 2-5; STOPPEL, 1970, p. 218, PI. 29,

fig . 11; THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 93; THOMSPON, FORD &

SWEET, 1971, p. 710.

R em arks. More th an 90 p e rc e n t of the specimens included in this category are very small, and it is this w riter's opinion that they are early growth-stage elements.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (76) 0334-1505; Tunnel (23) 1395-

1404; Pigeon-Grotto (3747) 0318-1453; Exshaw (482) 0030-1156; Moose 86

(300) 0535-0625; Cadomin (3) 0532-0750; Crowsnest 0036-0041; Morro

0001.

Hypotypes. PC-0135; PC-0136; PC-0137;

PC-0138; PC-0139.

Code. 031.

POLYGNATHUS COMMUNIS CARINUS Hass, 1959

PI. 6, fig. 1

Polygnathus communis Branson & Melil v a r . c a r tn a HASS, 1959, p . 391,

PI. 47, figs. 8,9.

Polygnathus communis carinus Hass DRUCE, 1969, p. 95, PI. 18, fig,

12; THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 92, PI. 3, fig. 14 (for

comprehens ive synonymy).

Remarks. Only specimens that were the same size as the largest ones of Polygnathus communis communis had the platform ornament that distinguishes elements of P. c. carinus. It is the opinion of this writer that these elements represent the advanced growth-stage of this subspecies, and that the latter's characteristic ornament develops only during the final stage of its growth. Therefore many of the small elements that have been identified as P. c. communis may be early growth-stage elements of P. c. carinus, and the total strati- graphic range of tit latter subspecies, in western Canada can not be firmly established,

Occurrence & Range. Gap (6) 0834-0850; Pigeon-Grotto (98)

0637-1028.

Hypotype. PC-0128. Code. 033. 87

POLYGNATHUS ME1ILI Thompson, 1967

PI. 1, figs. 1-6; PI. 8, figs.11-16

Polygnathus mehli THOMPSON, 1967, p. 47, PI. 2, figs. 1-6; THOMSPON

& FELLOWS, 1970, p. 96; COLLINSON, REXROAD & THOMPSON, 1971,

pp. 379-381.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (1) undetermined; Pigeon-Grotto

(36) 1050-1531; Exshaw (3) 1015-1068; Cadomin (12) 0950-0960; Cross - field (4) -3917 - -3877.

Hypotypes. PC-0001; PC-0002; PC-0003;

PC-0186; PC-0187; PC-0188.

Code. 036.

POLYGNATHUS VOGESI Z ie g le r, 1962

PI. 6, figs. 31-37

Polygnathus cf. P. styriaca Ziegler VOGES, 1959, p. 294, PI. 34,

figs. 36-41 (for description).

Polygnathus vogesi ZIEGLER, 1962, p. 94, PI. 11, figs. 5-7.

Remarks. All the specimens recovered are very small, and probably represent early growth-stage elements. The lateral carinae, the "Radialleisten" of Voges (1959, p. 294), consist of two nodes each, and are missing on some specimens.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (19) 0318-0421; Exshaw

(1) 0515; Crowsnest 0038.

Hypotypes. PC-0151; PC-0152; PC-0153;

PC-0154; PC-0155.

Code. 035. 88

POLYGNATHUS SP. c f . P. INORNATUS Branson, 1934

PI. 6, figs.27-30; PI. 8, figs. 108; PI. 15, figs.1-9 cf. Polygnathus inornate BRANSON, 1934, p. 309, PI. 25, figs.8,26. cf. Polygnathus longipostica BRANSON & MEHL, 1934b, p. 294, PI. 24

figs. 8-11. cf. Polygnathus spicata BRANSON, 1934, p. 312, Pi. 25, fig. 33. cf. Polygnathus symmetrica BRANSON, 1934, p. 310, Pi. 25, fig. 11.

Description. Lanceolate platform elements that appear iden­ tical in aboral view, but exhibit a great diversity in oral platform ornament. The blade is short, continues posteriorly as a straight or sinous median carina, and extends to the posterior tip. Antero­ lateral margins of the platform vary in degree of upturning, a variation that is independent of the size of the specimen. The aboral side is sharply keeled, the basal cavity is circular to ovate in outline, and usually has prominent lips. It is possible to mistake early growth-stage elements for those of Pseudopolygnathus because their basal cavities are almost as large as those of fully developed form s.

Remarks. E.R. Branson, as well as E.B. Branson and M.G,

Mehl, while studying conodonts from the Hannibal and Bushberg formations of Missouri named several form species of Polygnathus, including P. inornatus, P. longiposticus, P. spicatus, and P. symmetricus. In western Canada all the above have the same strati- graphic range, and it is not uncommon to find representatives of several or all of them in the same sample. Therefore it seems to be of little value to regard them as separate entities, and they are thus treated collectively herein.

Occurrence £ Range. Pigeon-Grotto (84) 0318-0645; Exshaw

(113) 0493-0745; Moose (6) 0535-0615; Crowsnest 0036-0041; Morro

0001.

Representative specimens. PC-0149; PC-0150; PC-0180; PC-0181

PC-0182; PC-0183; PC-0184; PC-0267

PC-0268; PC-0269; PC-0270; PC-0271

PC-0272.

Code. 032.

POLYGNATHUS SP.

Remarks. This category includes specimens that are too

poorly preserved for specific identification.

Occurrence & Range. Tunnel (1) 0003; Pigeon-Grotto (26)

0248-0637; Exshaw (3) 0535-0579; Morro 0001.

Code. 030.

PSEUD0P0LYGNATHUS Branson £ Mehl, 1934

Type species: Pseudopolygnathus prima Branson & Mehl, 1934

PSUED0P0LYGNAT1IUS DENTILINEATUS E.R. Branson, 1934

PI. 9, figs. 1-7

Pseudopolygnathus dentilineata E.R. BRANSON, 1934, p. 317, Pi. 26,

fig s . 22.

Pseudopolygnathus dentilineatus E.R. Branson REXR0AD, 1969, p. 38,

PI. 4, figs. 8-10; THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 99, PI. 5,

figs. 1, 5 (for synonymy). Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (2) 0615; Exshaw (3)

0715-0745; Moose (10) 0580; C row snest 0036-0041.

Hypotypes. PC-0189; PC-0190; PC-0191; PC-0192.

Code. 062.

PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS FUSIF0RMIS Branson & Mehl, 1934

PI. 6, figs. 19,20

Pseudopolygnathus fusiformis BRANSON & MEHL, 1934b, p. 298, PI. 33,

figs. 1-3; REXROAD, 1969, p. 38, PI. 4, figs. 15-19;

THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 99, PI. 5, figs. 10,12,14 (for

comprehensive synonymy).

Occurrence & Range. Crowsnest 0036-0051; Morro 0001.

H ypotypes . OC-0144; PC-0145.

Code. 067.

PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS MARGINATUS (Branson & Mehl, 1934)

PI. 6, figs. 17,18

Polygnathus marginata BRANSON & MEHL, 1934b, p. 294, PI. 23, figs.

25-27.

Pseudopolygnathus marginatus (Branson & Mehl) REXROAD, 1969, p. 39,

PI. 4, figs. 11-13; TH0MSP0N & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 100, PI. 5,

figs. 11,13,17 (for comprehensive synonymy).

Occurrence & Range. Crowsnest 0036-0041.

Hypotypes. PC-0142; PC-0143.

Code. 066. 91

PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS MULTISTRIATUS Mehl & Thomas, 1947

PI. 14, figs. 9-11

Pseudopolygnathus m ultistriata MEHL & THOMAS, 1947, p. 16, PI. 1,

fig. 36; CANIS, 1968, p. 547, PI. 73, figs. 13,16 (for

synonymy).

Psuedopolygnathus m ultisfcrjatus Mehl & Thomas THOMPSON & FELLOWS,

1970, p. 101.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (16) 0688-0857.

Hypotypes. PC-0263; PC-0264.

Code. 064.

PSUEDOPOLYGNATHUS PRIMUS Branson & Mehl, 1934

PI. 9, fig. 8; PI. 14, figs. 1-6; PI.19, fig.5

Pseudopolygnathus prima BRANSON & MEHL, 1934b, p. 298, PI. 24, figs.

24,25.

Pseudopolygnathus primus Branson & Mehl REXROAD, 1969, p. 39, PI. 4,

fig. 14; THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 101, PI. 5, figs. 15,

16,18,19 (for comprehensive synonymy).

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (2) 0495-0510; Exshaw

(1) 0493; Crowsnest 0036-0041; Morro 0001.

Hypotypes. PC-0300; PC-0258; PC-0259;

PC-0260; PC-0261; PC-0310 (part).

Code. 061.

PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS TRIANGULUS TRIANGULUS Voges, 1959

PI. 6, figs. 7,8; PI. 8, figs. 9,10.

Pseudopolygnathus triangula triangula VOGES, 1959, p. 304, PI. 35,

figs. 7-13, tcxt-fig. 5-IV. 92

Pseudopolygnathus trian g u lu s triangulus, Voges THOMPSON & FELLOWS,

1970, p. 103, PI. 7, figs. 6,7 (for synonymy); MARKS &

WENSINK, 1970, p. 269, PI. 4, fig. 11.

Occurrence & Range. Crowsnest 0036-0039.

Hypotypes. PC-0134; PC-0185.

Code. 063.

PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS N. SP. X

PI. 14, figs. 7,8

Diagnosis. The species is characterized by coarse, short transverse ridges on the platform, and in possessing a prominent, tall denticle at the posterior end of the carina.

Description. The wide subtriangular plutform bearsshort, coarse transverse ridges that disappear toward the carina. The right platform extends anteriorly farther than does the left. Narrow troughs sep arate ridges and c a rin a , the one on the l e f t is the widest, and slopes down anteriorly. Carina denticles are short and fused, except for the posterior one which is tall and discrete.

Remarks. Transverse ridges on Pse\idopolygnathus tr~iangulus elements are thinner, longer, and more numerous, than those of ele­ ments of this species. The tall posterior denticle distinguishes this species from previously described ones.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (2) 0735-0754.

Illustrated specimen. PC-0262.

Code. 065. 93

PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS SP.

Remarks. This category includes specimens too poorly preserved for specific Identification.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (3) 0338-0688; Moose (1)

0625; Morro 0001.

Code. 060.

SIPH0N0DELLA Branson & Mehl, 1944

Type species: Siphonognathus duplicata Branson & Mehl, 1934

SIPHONODELLA C00PERX Hass, 1959

Siphonodella cooperi HASS, 1959, p. 392, PI. 48, figs. 35,36;

THOMPSON Sc FELLOWS, 1970, p. 104 (for description and dis­

cussion of the two subspecies).

SIPHONODELLA COOPERI COOPERI Hass, 1959

PI. 3, fig. 9,10; PI. 9, Fig. 12; PI. 18,

figs. 10,11

Siphonodella cooperi Hass REXROAD, 1969, p. 41, PI. 3, figs, 8-13;

KLAPPER, 1971, p. 10, Pi. 1, figs. 13-15, 21 ; Pi. 2, figs.

1-3.

Siphonodella cooperi cooperi Hass THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 104,

PI. 6, figs. 15-17 (for comprehensive synonymy).

Occurrence & Range. Crowsnest 0036-0038; Morro 0001.

H ypotypes. PC -0051; PC-0058; PC-0196;

PC-0298; PC-0299.

Code. 046. SIPHONODELLA COOPERI HAS SI Thoms p on & Fellow s, 1970

Siphonodella cooperi hassi THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 105, PI. 6,

figs. 1-6 (for description and synonymy).

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (387) 0521-0647; Exshaw

(77) 0645-0745; Moose (47) 0535-0605; Crowsnest 0036-0041.

Hypotypes. PC-0200; PC-0201; PC-0202;

PC-0203; PC-0204; PC-0205.

Code. 052.

SIPHONODELLA CRENULATA (Cooper, 1939)

PI. 3, figs. 26-30; Pi. 9, fig. 13

Siphonognathus crenulata COOPER, 1939, p. 409, Pi. 41, figs. 1,2.

Siphonodella crenulata (Cooper) KLAPPER, 1971, p. 10, Pi. 2, figs.

4-14 (for description, synonymy, and re-illustration of the

h o lo ty p e).

Occurrence & Range. Crowsnest 0036-0041,

Hypotypes. PC-0069; PC-0070; PC-0071;

PC-0072; PC-0073; PC-0197.

Code. 049.

SIPHONODELLA DUPLICATA (Branson & Mehl, 1934)

PI. 6, figs. 2-6; PI. 18, figs. 4,5

Siphonognathus duplicata BRANSON & MEHL, 1934b, p. 296, PI. 24,

figs. 16,17.

Siphonodella duplicata (Branson & Mehl) REXROAD, 1969, p. 43, PI. 2,

fig. 13; THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 106, PI. 7, figs. 1,3,

5 (for comprehensive synonymy). 95

Occurrence & Range. Crowsnest 0036-0041; Morro 0001.

Hypotypes. PC-0129; FC-0130; PC-0131; PC-0132;

PC-0133; PC-0292; PC-0293.

Code. 043.

SIPHONODELLA LOBATA (Branson & Mehl, 1934)

PI. 3, figs. 7,8

Siphonognathus lobata BRANSON & MEHL, 1934b, p. 294, PI. 24, figs.

14, 15.

Siphonodella lobata (Branson & Mehl) REXROAD, 1969, p. 43, PI. 2,

figs. 5-8; THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 107, PI. 7, figs.

2,4 (for comprehensive synonymy).

Remarks. Siphonodella lobata elements are rare in the material from Crowsnest Pass. Only two specimens wore recognized in the material from Morro Creek. Since they can be seen only in aboral view, it is possible that they have been misidentified.

Occurrence & Range. Crowsnest 0041; Morro (?) 0001.

Hypotype. PC-0056.

Code. 044.

SIPHONODELLA ISOSTICHA (Cooper, 1939)

PI. 2, figs. 27-30, Text fig. 3c.

Siphonognathus isosticlia COOPER, 1939, p. 409, PI. 41, figs. 9,10.

Siphonodella isosticha (Cooper) KLAPPER, 1971, p. 10, Pi. 1, fig. 16

(for discussion, description and re-illustration of the

h o lo ty p e). 96

Remarks. Illustrations indicate that elements of Siphonodella isos tic ha, including the liolotype, are very much smaller than those of other Siphonodella-elements from the same collections. Thus

Individuals of S. isosticha were either the smallest Siphonodellas, or elements referred to this species represent early growth-stages of S. cooperi or S. sandbergi.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (103) 0318-0644; Crowsnest

0036-0041; Morro 0001.

Hypotypes. PC-0045; PC-0046; PC-0047; PC-0048.

Code, 053.

SIPHONODELLA SP. c f. S. ISOSTICllA (Cooper) of Klapper, 1971

PI. 3, figs. 24, 25

Siphonodella cf. S. isosticha (Cooper) KLAPPER, 1971, p. 12, PI. 1,

figs. 17-20 (for description and synonymy).

Remarks. As mentioned earlier, it is this .writer's opinion that the elements included in this category are early grwoth-stage elements of Siphonodella quadruplicata and S. sexplicata.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (4) 0498-0611; Exshaw (1)

0493; Crowsnest 0036-0041.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0067; PC-0068.

Code, 045.

SIPHONODELLA 0BS0LETA Hass, 1959

PI. 9, figs. 14,15; Pi. 18, figs. 6-9; Pi. 19, fig. 4;

Text fig. 3b. S iphonodolla obsoleta HASS, 1959, p. 392, Pi, 47, figs. 1,2;

THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 107, Pi. 7, fig. 10, Pi. 8,

figs. 8,9 (for revised description and synonymy).

Remarks. Many Siphonodella-elements illustrated as S. obsoleta have been removed to S. cooperi h a s si by Thompson & Fellows (1970, p. 105).

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (2) 0403; Crowsnest 0036-

0042.

Hypotypes. PC-0198; PC-0199; PC-0294; PC-0295;

PC-0296; PC-0297; PC-0310 (part).

Code. 051.

SIPHONODELLA QUADRUPLICATA (Branson & Mehl, 1934)

PI. 18, figs. 1-3

Siphonognathus quadruplicate BRANSON & MEHL, 1934b, p. 295, Pi. 2,

figs. 18-20 (fig. 18 lectotype, Klapper, 1966, p. 17).

Siphonodella quadruplicate (Branson & Mehl) KLAPPER , 1971, p. 12,

PI. 1, figs, 22-24 (for comprehensive synonymy).

Occurrence & Range. Crowsnest 0036-0041; Morro 0001.

Hypotypes. PC-0289; PC-0290; PC-0291.

Code. 042,

SIPHONODELLA SANDBERGI K lapper, 1966

PI. 3, figs. 5,6; Pi. 19, figs. 2,6,7. Text fig. 3a.

Siphonodella sandbcrgl KLAPPER, 1966, p. 19, Pi. 4, figs. 6,10-12;

THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 109, Pi. 7, figs. 9, 11-13 (for

synonymy). 98

Remarks, Siphonodella sandbergi is rare at Crowsnest,

Common a t Morro.

Occurrence & Range. Crowsnest 0036-0041; Morro 0001,

Hypotypes. PC-0054; PC-0055; PC-0310 (part),

Code, 041,

SIPHONODELLA SP.

Remarks. This category includes elements too poorly pre­ served for specific identification.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (5) 0318-0647; Exshaw (13)

0615-0735; Moose (2) 0585-0605; Morro 0001.

Code. 040.

SPAT110GNATII0DUS Branson & Mehl, 1941

Type species: Spathodus primus Branson & Mehl, 1933

Remarks. The name Spathognathodus is used herein the form- generic sense, as originally proposed by Branson & Mehl (1941c), and as most recently used by Collinson et al. (1971, fig. 1).

Blade elements assigned to Spathognathodus range throughout the Mississippian, and two main groups can be recognized. Both groups are represented in Devonian sections as well.

One of these, the group of Spathognathodus strigostis, is characterized by elements with a subcentral basal city, the margins of which appear subcircular in plan view. Most representatives are straight, and it is difficult to determine whether the slight bowing that can be recognized is typical of the form, or whether it is due to deformation after burial. This group includes some early 99

Mississlppian forms that bear lateral ledges or accessory denticles on the right side of the blade. All late Miss issippian representa­ tives studied are without ornament.

The other group, that of Spathognathodus stabilis, is charac­ terized by an elongate, posteriorly located basal cavity. This

form, in later Mississlppian time gave rise to several conodont

form-species whose elements are distinct in possessing a basal cavity

that extends almost the full length of the specimen. Most members of this group have been referred to Anchignathodus by Sweet (1970, p. 222).

SPATHOGNATHODUS ABNORMIS (Branson & Mehl, 1934)

Spathodus abnormis BRANSON & MEHL, 1934b, p. 277, PI, 22, fig. 20.

Spathognathodus abnormis (Branson & Mehl) REXROAD, 1969, p. 45, PI. 6,

figs. 12-15; THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 110, PI. 4, fig.

13 (for synonymy); STOPFEL, 1970, p. 221, PI. 29, fig. 16.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (7)•0498-0644; Exshaw (2)

0493-0705.

Code. 029.

SPATHOGNATHODUS ANTEP0SIC0RNIS S c o tt, 1961

PI. 2, figs. 11,12.

Spathognathodus n. sp. A SCOTT & COLLINSON, 1961, p. 132, PI. 1,

figs. 12-15.

Spathognathodus anteposicornis SCOTT, 1961, p. 1224, text-fig. 21I-K;

DRUCE, 1969, p. 124, P i. 29, fig . 1; RHODES, AUSTIN & DRUCE,

1969, p. 222, PI. 3, figs. 5-8. 100

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (5) 0646-0688; Cadomin (1)

0605.

Hypotypes. PC-0030; PC-0031.

Code. 022.

SPATHOGNATHODUS COALESCENS Rexroad & C o llinson, 1965

PI. 7, figs. 18,19.

Spathognathodus coalescens REXROAD & C0LLINS0N, 1965, p. 13, PI. 1,

figs. 20-22; DRUCE, 1969, p. 125, PI. 27, fig. 1; COLLINSON,

REXROAD & THOMPSON, 1971, fig . 7.

Occurrence & Range. Fernie (1) 2490; Gap (18) 1740-1940;

Pigeon-Grotto (4) 2069-2279.

Hypotypes. PC-0172; PC-0173,

Code. 413.

SPATHOGNATHODUS SP. c f . S. CRISTULUS Youngquist & M iller, 1949

PI. 7, figs. 1-9; PI. 11, figs. 10,11 cf. Spathognathodus cristu la YOUNGQUIST & MILLER, 1949, p. 621,

PI. 101, figs. 1-3. cf. Spathognathodus cristula Youngquist & M iller, REXROAD, 1957,

p. 38, PI. 3, figs. 16,17.

Description. Most specimens appear to be identical to the one illustrated by Rexroad (1957, PI. 3, fig. 16), and all have the same overall profile. Some specimens differ in that several of the denticles immediately posterior to the cusp are noticeably thinner than the remaining ones. Another variation is apparent in the shape of the posteriormost denticle. In most specimens the denticles decrease in height toward the posterior end of the element, and the last one in such specimens is about as wide as it is high. In other specimens this last short denticle appears never to have developed: the posteriormost denticle of these elements is about three times as high as wide (in side view), and has a concave posterior profile. A third type of element is distinct in that all denticles, other than the cusp, appear to diverge from a point below the center of the element. Such elements resemble Spathognathodus scitulus in side view, but are distinct in that the basal cavity is long, narrow and symmetrical.

Remarks. The mode of growth of elements of Spathognathodus sp. cf. S. cristulus and S_. sp. cf. S. stabilis is contrasted in the discussion of the latter species.

Occurrence & Range. Fernie (27) 2500-3175; Gap (74) 1275-

1975; Highwood (79) 2975-3335; Pigeon-G rotto (76) 1341-2279; C ross­ field (22) -3997 - -3882.

Representative specimens. PC-0156; PC-0157; PC-0158; PC-0159

PC-0160; PC-0161; PC-0162; PC-0163

PC-0164; PC-0230; PC-0231.

Code. 015 (advanced growth-stage), 412 (interm. g. St., diverging denticles), 414 (interm. g. St., posterior denticle with concave profile).

SPATHOGNATHODUS JUG0SUS (BranSon 1* Mehl, 1934)

PI. 2, fig. 31.

Spathodus jugosus BRANSON & MEHL, 1934a, p. 190, Pi. 17, figs. 19,

22 (fig. 19, lectotype, Ziegler, 1962, p. 110). Spathognathodus jugosus (Branson & Mehl) ZIEGLER, 1962, p, 110, PI.

13, figs. 18, 19.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (4) 0323-0510.

Hypotype. PC-0049.

Code. 028.

SPA,TH0GNAT1I0DUS PRAELONGUS, Cooper, 1943

PI. 20, fig. 3.

Spathognathodus praelongus COOPER, 1943, in Cooper & Sloss, p. 175,

PI. 28, fig. 14; KLAPPER, 1966, p. 24, Pi. 6, fig. 23 (for

description and synonymy).

Occurrence & Range. Exshaw (1) 0032; Morro 0001.

Hypotype. Property of W.C. Sweet, Ohio State University,

Columbus, Ohio.

Code. 013.

SPATHOGNATHODUS SCITULUS (Hinde, 1900)

PI. 5, figs. 9-12.

Polygnathus scitulus HINDE, 1900, p. 343, Pi. 9, figs. 9-11.

Spathognathodus scitulus (Hinde) GLOBENSKY,1967, p. 447, PI. 56,

figs. 7,17,21; THOMPSON & GOEBEL, 1968, p. 43, PI. 4, figs.

26,27; DRUCE, 1969, p. 134 (for additional synonymy);

COLLINSON, REXROAD & THOMPSON, 1971, p. 382, fig . 7.

Remarks. Elements of Spathognathodus scitulus differ from those of all other Mississippian species of Spathognathodus in having a subcentral and very asymmetric basal cavity. 103

Occurrence & Range. Fernie (16) 2405-3085; Ilighwood (35)

2927-3003.

Hypotypes. PC-0104; PC-0105; PC-0106; PC-0107.

Code. 026.

SPATH0CNATH0DUS SP. c f. S. ACULEATUS (Branson & Mehl, 1934)

PI. 2, figs. 13,14; PI. 11, figs. 15,16. cf. Spathodus aculeatus BRANSON & MEHL, 1934a, p. 186, PI. 17,

figs. 11, 14 (fig. 11 lectotype, Ziegler, 1962, p. 105).

Remarks. Most of the few specimens recovered are broken.

Those from older strata have ridges connecting lateral denticles with denticles of the blade. These ridges are absent from younger speci­ mens. There is insufficient material to determine if this is Strati- grapliically significant.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (19) 0338-0803; Exshaw

(22) 0525-0745; Moose (5) 0570-0580; Cadomin (4) 0605-0840; Crowsnest

0036-0038.

Representative specimens. PC -0032; PC-0033; PC-0235; PC-0236.

C odes . 020 (w. ridges), 021 (w/o ridges).

SPATHOGNATHODUS SP. cf. S. STABILIS (Branson 6c Mehl, 1934)

PI. 2, figs. 17-24; Pi. 11, figs. 1-3; PI. 13, figs.

7, 8. cf. Spathodus stabilis BRANSON 6c MEHL, 1934a, p. 188, PI. 17, fig. 2Q cf. Spathodus crassidentatus BRANSON 6c MEHL, 1934b, p. 276, PI. 22,

figs. 17, 18. 104 cf. Spathognathodus pulcher (Branson & Mehl) THOMPSON, 1967, p. 54,

PI. 1, figs. 1,4, cf. Spathognathodus penescitulus REXROAD & C0LLT.NS0N, 1965, p. 22,

PI. 1, figs. 13, 15 (not fig. 14, = S. cristulus).

Description. The anterior blade consists of one or more subequal denticles of which the anteriormost one is incompletely developed in some specimens. On many of the elements, the first two to four denticles immediately posterior to the blade are fused and thinner than the posteriormost denticles. The latter are about the same width as the blade denticles, but not as tall. They arc fused, decrease in size toward the posterior, and the posteriormost one is about as tall as it is wide. This last denticle seems to be missing in some specimens, and in these the posteriormost denticle is about three times as tall as widd, ahd its posterior profile is concave.

In all specimens of Spathognathodus sp. cf. S. stabilis the basal cavity is long, symmetrical, and restricted to that part of the ele­ ments that is posterior to the blade.

Remarks. The elements studied resemble those referred to

Spathognathodus crassidentatus, S. penescitulus and similar form- species by other authors. All of these have the same range in western

Canada, and have been found together in some samples. The number of specimens per sample, however, is too small to determine whether the difference in the number of denticles reflects different growth- stages of one species, or whether there have been that many species.

Most members of this group have been referred to Anchignathodus by

Sweet (1970). 105

Occurrence & Range. Gap (97) 0834-1975; Highwood (3) 2975;

Tunnel (9) 1395-1404; Pigeon-Grotto (356) 0318-1949; Exshaw (56)

0505-1156; Moose (40) 0525-0625; Cadomin (37) 0605-1205; Crossfield

(12) -3971 - -3882.

Representative specimens. PC-0036; PC-0037; PC-0038; PC-0039;

PC-0040; PC-0041; PC-0042; PC-0043;

PC-0221; PC-0222; PC-0223; PC-0251;

PC-0252.

Codes. 011, 014 (= S . p en escitu lu s) , 018 (concave p o ste rio r d e n tic le ) .

SPATHOGNATHODUS SP. c f. S. STRIGOSUS (Branson & Mehl, 1934)

PI. 11, figs. 6-9; PI. 13, figs. 9,10. cf. Spathodus strigosus BRANSON & MEHL, 1934a, p, 187, Pi. 17, fig.

17 (fig. 17 lectotype, Ziegler 1962, p. 112). cf. Spathognathodus strigosus (Branson & Mehl) ZIEGLER, 1962, p.

Ill, PI. 12, figs. 21-23.

Remarks. The elements recovered resemble those described and illu s tr a te d by Z ieg ler (1962).

Occurrence & Range. Gap (48 ) 0851-1895; llighwood (2) 3105;

Tunnel (1) 1400; Pigeon-Grotto (171) 0310-1897; Exshaw (25) 0493-

1045; Moose (4) 0570-0605; Cadomin (16) 0532-0955; Crossfield (7)

-3943 - -3882; Flathead (1) 9961; Crowsnest 0036-0041; Morro 0001.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0226; PC-0227; PC-0228;

PC-0229; PC-0253; PC-0254.

Code. 012. SPATHOGNATHODUS N, SP. J

PI. 2, figs. 5,6

Diagnosis. A species of Spathognathodus characterized by blade elements that have a distinct lateral ledge on the right side of the blade.

Description. Gonodont elements that closely resemble those of Spathognathodus sp. cf, S. strigosus in overall shape, and in having a subcentrally located basal cavity. They differ in having a distinct lateral ledge on the right side of the blade. This ledge, similar to the lateral row of denticles of S. costatus elements, is parallel to the aboral margin. It extends from a point just anterior of the posterior end of the unit to a point just anterior of the basal cavity. The faint outline of a similar ledge can be seen on the left side of the blade.

Remarks. Elements of this species are distinct from all other Spathognathodus elements having lateral ornament, in that they have a continuous ledge instead of individual denticles.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (A) 0338-0421; Exshaw (2)

0505-0515; Crowsnest 0036.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0025; PC-0026.

Code. 027.

SPATHOGNATHODUS SP.

Remarks. This category includes elements that are broken, and too poorly preserved for specific Identification.

Occurrence & Range. Throughout all sections (1386), Code. 010. 107

a

c b

'» I *'

d ( t

Text fig. 4, Gnathodus blllneatus growth-stage elements a) side view; b) side view; c) oral and side views; d) oral and side views; e) oral view; f) oral view. rrmYnn

& ~ 'r 'vi J — — /

C ( I 'O

Text fig. 5, Gnathodus euneiformis growth-stage elenents (x50). a) early (side, aboral, and oral views);b)interinediate (side and oral views);c)advanced (oral view).

Text fig. 6, Spathognathodus? n. sp. A (x50), o ra l and sid e views.

r* H .V M 108

SPATHOGNATHODUS? N. sp, A

PI. 7, figs. 20,21. Text fig. 6.

Diagnosis. Blade-elements of this category are distinct in having an accessory blade that diverges from the main blade at an angle of about 45 degrees .

Description. The single specimen of this blade-element is distinct in that it bears an accessory blade that diverges from the right side of the main blade at an angle of 45 degrees (measured from the posterior tip of tliu main blade). The cusp of the main blade is the same height as the denticles immediately posterior to it, but is about four times as wide (when seen in side view). There are 11 blade denticles, these are very thin and closely appressed. The posterior sixth of the blade is without denticles. The accessory blade consists of two denticles, which are appressed but not as thin as those of the main blade. The basal cavity is tear-shaped in out­ line, and its margin is flared outward, both anterior of the cusp and beyond the sides of the blade.

Remarks. Only one specimen was recovered, and its inclusion in Spathognathodus is questionable. It is distinct from other Missis- sippian blade-elements in possessing an accessory blade, in having a relatively short cusp, and in the anterior flare of the margins of the basal cavity.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (1) 1665.

Illustrated specimen. PC-0174.

Code. 415, STAUROGNATHUS Branson & Mehl, 1941

Type species: Staurognathus cruclformis Branson & Mehl, 1941

Remarks. The concept of Staurognathus is herein expanded to include forms in which one or both of the lateral lobes are absent, or greatly reduced. The specimen illustrated by Druce (1970, PI. 18, fig. 1) as Staurognathus cruclformis is seen to represent a new species of Staurognathus characterized by elements with only one lateral lobe. (

It is the writer's opinion that elements of the various species of Staurognathus mimic morphologically similar ones of species of Icriodus.

STAUROGNATHUS N.SP. Z

PI. 1, figs. 7-13; PI. 12, figs. 12-14; PI. 16

fig s . 1-4. c f. Staurognathus? sp. YOUNGQUIST, MILLER & DOWNS, 1950, p. 529, PI.

67, figs. 10,11. c f. Pelekys gna thus -1ike new genus and species C0LLINS0N, REXROAD

& THOMPSON, 1971, p. 379.

Diagnosis. This category includes forms species of Stauro­ gnathus that are bilaterally symmetrical, and which lack lateral lobes.

Description. Subsymmetric conodont-lemcnts characterized by an anterior platform and a posterior cusp. The basal cavity is widely flared posteriorly beneath the cusp, extends the full length of the unit, and tapers distally. On most specimens the cusp is inclined posteriorly, however on a few it is inclined or deflected laterally. 110

On early growth-stage eieme ts the platform is straight, and the longitudinal axis of the cusp (in oral view) is in the plane that bisects the platform. Intermediate and advanced growth-stage ele­ ments may be straight or bowed, and on some the cusp is deflected sideways. At this time it is impossible to determine whether this is a natural orientation, or whether the bowing of the platform or the deflection of the cusp is due to post-mortem deformation.

Early growth-stage elements of Staurognathus n. sp. Z resemble those of Xaniognathus primus in side view, but differe in that the staurognathoid element lacks the posterior process, and in that the denticles of the anterior blade-like process (character­ izing X. primus) are expanded at their apices, forming a platform.

On such specimens the platform consists of two parallel rows of discrete nodes. Further growth and coalescence developed the plat­ form characteristic of fully grown Staurognathus-elements. The fully developed platform is nearly flat, narrows anteriorly, and slopes downward a t the a n te rio r end. There is no median c a rin a , but some advanced growth-stage elements have a shallow median trough.

The platform ornament of S. n. sp. X consists of thin, parallel, transverse ridges.

Remarks. Elements of some species of Icriodus resemble those of Staurognathus n. sp. Z, but differ in possessing a median carina. The platform of Pelekysgnathus-elements is a single row of coalesced nodes.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (24) 0834-1170; Tunnel (1) 1410;

Pigeon-Grotto (85) 1230-1586; Exshaw (2) 1175-1195; Cadomin (2) 0930-0955j Crossfleld (19) -3991 - -3897.

Illustrated specimens, PC-0004; PC-0005; PC-0006; PC-0007;

PC-0245; PC-0246; PC-0273; PC-0274.

Code. 200.

STAUROGNATHUS N. SP. Y

PI. 16, figs. 10-15

Diagnosis. Single-lobed species of Staurognathus that are asymmetric, possess a blade-like cusp, and a widely flared basal cavity, are included in this category.

Description. Staurognathoid elements resembling those of

Staurognathus n. sp. Z, but differing in that the posterior, flared part of the basal cavity is expanded laterally to one side. The cusp is suberect and compressed laterally. The platform element is like that of S. n, sp. Z, in that it consists of subparallel transverse r id g e s .

Remarks. The compressed, blade-like appearance of the cusp, and the asymmetry of the element in oral view, distinguish elements of this species from those of Staurognathus n. sp. Z.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (5) 1246-1555.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0278; PC-0279; PC-0280.

Code. 202.

STAUROGNATHUS N. SP. X

PI. 16, figs. 5-8

Diagnosis. This category includes Staurognathus elements that are distinct in having an elongate basal cavity, a bladed cusp, 112 and platform ridges, all of which are subparallel, and which are inclined at about 15 degrees to the long axis of the platform.

Description. Platform elements.that resemble those of Stauro- gnathus sp. Z and Y, but differing in the orientation of the platform

ornament, and in the configuration and orientation of both the cusp and the basal cavity.

The basal cavity is narrow, elongate, and its margin projects anterolatcrally and posteriorly beyond the platform. The longitudinal axis of the basal cavity diverges by about 15 degrees from that of the platform. The ridges that ornament the platform are diagonal to it;

the cusp is reduced and flattened laterally. Th cusp and the plat­

form ridges are both aligned parallel to the elongation of the basal c a v ity .

Remarks. Staurognathus n. spp. Y and X illustrate the trend

from a symmetric unlobed element, such as that of S^. n. sp. Z, toward

the lobation that characterizes elements of S. cruciformis.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (6) 1088-1170; Pigeon-Grotto (19)

1402-1586.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0275; PC-0276.

Code. 201.

SYNFRIONIODINA B assler, 1925

Type species: Synprioniodina alternate Bassler, 1925

Remarks. For comments see d iscu ssio n of Neoprioniodus

Rhodes and MUller. SYNPRIONIODINA SP.

PI. 20, fig. 1.

Remarks. This category includes specimens too poorly pre­ served for specific identification.

Occurrence & Range. Throughout all sections (594).

Illustrated specimen. PC-0301 (part) .

Code. 090, 235,

TAPHROGNATHUS Branson & Mehl, 1941 ■

Type species: Taphrognathus varians Branson & Mehl, 1941

Revised diagnosis. Asymmetrical and subsymmetrical platform elements that are characterized by a median, anterior blade. The blade may or may not be the anterior extension of one of the lateral margins. At least four species are recognized, three of which are new. These show a change with time from asymmetric, Cavusgnathus- like elements, on which the blade is an anterior extension of the right-lateral margin, to the subsymmetric elements of Taphrognathus varians. Some of the elements illustrated by Rexroad & Collinson

(1963) PI. 1, figs. 19,23,25) suggest the existence of a fifth, possibly younger species characterized by elements on which the blade is an anterior extension of the left-lateral margin.

Remarks. Rexroad’s (1953b) interpretation of Taphrognathus as an ancestor of Cavusgnathus is rejected. The latter occurs in strata that are older than those in which Taphrognathus is known to occur. It should also be noted that some of the so-called Taphro- gnathus-Cavusgnathus transitions (Rexroad & Collinson, 1963, p. 20, 114

PI. 1), including the one illustrated by Branson & Mehl (1941, PI.

VI, fig. 34), are dextral forms, whereas all known Mississippian species of Cavusgnathus are represented by sinistral (platform to left of blade) elements. The two specimens reported by Rhodes,

Austin & Druce (1969, p. 84, PI. 9, fig. 10) as dextral Cavusgnathus- elements, belong in Taphrognathus.

TAPHROGNATHUS VARIANS Branson & Mehl, 1941

PI. 2, figs. 25,26; Pi. 11, figs. 17,18. Text figs. le,f.

Taphrognathus varians BRANSON & MEHL, 194lc, p. 182, Pi. VI, figs.

27-33, 35-40. THOMPSON & FELLOWS, 1970, p. 114, PI. 4,

figs. 10,15 (for synonymy).

Remarks. The material collected includes dextral as well as sinistral elements.

Occurrence & Range. Fernie (6) 2350-2540; Pigeon-Grotto (1)

2177.

Hypotypes. PC-0044; PC-0237.

Code. 342.

TAPHROGNATHUS N. SP. K

PI. 13, figs. 1-4. Text figs. la,b,

? Cavusgnathus? sp. nov. A RHODES, AUSTIN & DRUCE, 1969, p. 84, PI.

9, fig. 10.

Diagnosis. A species of Taphrognathus whose elements are distinct in that the platform margins, in oral view, are ovate, and

in that the median blade is an extension of the right-lateral margin. 115

Description. Conodont elements characterized by a median

anterior blade and posterior carina, and a platform that is ovate in

plan view. The carin a is s h o rt, nodose, and r e s tr ic te d to the

posterior part of the platform. The blade is the anterior extension

of the right-lateral margin, and is denticulate. The relative size

of these denticles is such that the oral margin of the blade is con­ vex when seen in side view. Both lateral margins are slightly convex,

and the left one joins the side of the blade at a point beneath the

center blade-denticle, The platform ornament of transverse ridges

is restricted to the platform margins, which are separated by a deep

unornamented median trough. The basal cavity is tear-shaped in

aboral view, and flared. The region of maximum expansion is beneath

the anterior part of the platform.

Remarks. Elements of Taphrognathus n. sp. K are distinct

from those of Cavusgnathus in that the anterior platform margins of

Cavusgnathus-elaments are parallel, whereas those of Taphrognathus

n. sp. K converge anteriorly such that the left-anterior margin

joins the side of the blade. The blade is the anterior extension of

the right-lateral margin. As yet only sinistral elements have been

recovered from sectio n s in w estern Canada, However the two sp e c i­

mens illustrated by Rhodes, Austin & Druce (1969, PI. 9, fig. 10)

are dextral forms.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (17) 1674-1915; Pigeon-Grotto (18)

1695-1922.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0247; PC-0248.

Code. 334. TAPHROGNATHUS N. SP. L

PI. 2, figs. 1-4; PI. 11, fig. 19. Text fig. If.

Diagnosis. The elements in this category are characterized by the convex profile of the platform and in having a blade that is separate from the platform.

Description. Elements of this species are distinct in the nature of the lateral margins of the platform. These are highest near the center of the platform, and slope downward, to both the anterior and the posterior. This gives the oral profile of the plat­ form a distinctly convex appearance in side view. The platform, in oral view, is wide and ovate; the blade is short, median, and entirely separate from the platform, bears from one to three appressed denticles, and is strongly convex in side view.

Remarks. Elements of this species of Taphrognathus are distinct from all others in the separate position of the blade, and in the convex profile of the platform.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (6) 1965-1970.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0022; rc-0023; PC-0024;PC-0238.

Code. 343.

TAPHROGNATHUS N. SP. M

PI. 2, figs'! 7-10, pi. 13, figs. 5,6

Text fig. lc, d.

Diagnosis. Elements in this category are distinct in that the blade is anterior to one of the lateral margins, but not joined to it.

Description. Taphrognathoid elements on which this species is based are distinct in that the blade is approximately anterior to 117 the inner-lateral margin of the platform, but is not joined to it,

The inner platform margin is straight, and shorter than the outer margin. The outer platform margin is convex (in oral view) and extends anteriorly to a point beside the blade. The blade is charac­ terized by a convex arrangement of as many as five fused denticles, and extends posteriorly as a thin row of short fused denticles.

These extend onto the anterior part of the platform, separating the lateral margins. Some elements bear a short median carina on the posterior part of the platform. This consists of as many as three fused denticles. The basal cavity is elongate, subsymmetric, and ovate in aboral view. It tapers slightly toward the posterior.

Dextral as well sinistral elements have been recovered.

Remarks. Elements of the four species of Taphrognathus reported herein can be best distinguished on the position of the blade. That of T. n. sp. K elements is continuous with the lateral margin on one side of the element. The blades of T. n. sp. M and T. varians ele­ ments are separate from the lateral margins, but where that of T. n. sp. M is in line with the inner platform margin, that of T. varians is c e n tra lly located between the two m argins. However d e x tra l and sinistral elements can be distinguished, because the convex outer margin extends farhter to the anterior than the shorter, and mostly straight inner one. T. n. sp. L. is the youngest species of Taphro­ gnathus and has the most symmetrical elements. It is difficult how­ ever, to distinguish dextral and sinistral elements.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (6) 1695-1970; Pigeon-Grotto (5)

1897-2069. 118

Illustrated specimens. PC-0027; PC-0028; PC-0029;

PC-0249; PC-0250.

Code, 341.

XANIOGNATHUS Sweet, 1970

Type species: Xaniognathus curvatus Sweet, 1970

Remarks. Mississippian species of Xaniognathus are charac­ terized by straight or slightly arched blade-like elements that have a prominent cusp, an anterior or antero-lateral process bearing 12 or more flat, free or fused denticles that are triangular when seen in side view, and a short posterior or postero-lateral process that bears, at the most, three fused denticles. The basal cavity is widest beneath the cusp, extends the full length of the elements, and narrows distally. The inclination of the cusp is such that its longitudinal axis is almost parallel to that of the anterior process.

XANIOGNATHUS PRIMUS (E lla s, 1956)

PI. 1, figs. 23,24; PI. 10, figs. 9-12, PI. 12, fig.1-8.

Euprioniodina? sp. BRANSON & MEHL, 1941a, p. 171, PI. V, fig. 17.

Gondolella pritna ELIAS, 1956, p. 120, PI. IV, fig. 3.

Diagnosis. This category includes elements of a species of

Xaniognathus that are distinct in that the blade is straight to s lig h tly bowed.

Description. Arched, straight to bowed elements characterized by a relatively long anterior process bearing 12 or more denticles, a prominent cusp and a short posterior process, which may bear as many as three denticles. The basal cavity is widest beneath the cusp, 119 extends the full length of the unit, and tapers distally. The cusp on stratigraphically older specimens is slightly bowed, and inclined posteriorly such that its longitudinal axis is nearly parallel to

that of the anterior process. The inclination of the cusp is less pronounced on younger specimens. The denticles are subequal, those halfway between the anterior end and the cusp are slightly taller than the remainder. The cusp and the denticles are subtriangular in lateral view, and inclined to the posterior. Those of the anterior process are discrete in early and intermediate growth-stage elements, but are fused on advanced ones. The denticles on the posterior process are fused. Early growth-stage elements are thin, but they thicken during growth, and advanced growth-stage elements are characterized by subcircular cross-sections.

Remarks. Elements referred to this species differ from those of the Mesozoic species reported by Sweet (1970) in that they lack the characteristic longitudinal rib of the anterior process, and in that the denticles of the processes are laterally compressed and subtrian- gui.cii when seen in side-view.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (30) 0834-1485; Tunnel (1) 1395;

Pigeon-Grotto (138) 1023-1808; Exshaw (6) 1045-1110; Crossfield (2)

-3976 - -3906.

Hypotypes. PC-0015; PC-0016; PC-0213; PC-0214; PC-0215;

PC-0239; PC-0240; PC-0241; PC-0242; PC-0243.

Code. 146. XANIOGNATHUS N. SP. W

Pi. 17, figs. 7-12

Diagnosis. Xaniognathus-elements in this category are dis­ tinct in that the posterior process is bent inward, and sharply tw isted.

Description. These are elements that resemble those of

Xaniognathus primus, but which differ in the attitude and orientation of the postero-lateral process. The anterior process and the cusp are identical to those on X. primus elements. The postero-lateral process, however, is sharply bent inward and twisted, such that the plane bisecting this process is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the anterior process, and perpendicular to the plane bisecting both cusp and anterior process. The denticles of the postero-lateral process point to the posterior.

Remarks. Elements of Xaniognathus n. sp. W are distinct from elements of other species of this genus in the bent and sharply twisted posterior process.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (27) 1030-1402; Cadomin

(1) 0950.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0285; PC-0286; PC-0287; PC-0288.

Code. 154.

XANIOGNATHUS? N. SP. U

Remarks. The two specimens included in this category are damaged, and their assignment to this genus is questionable.

The denticulation is similar to that of elements of other xaniognathoids, but they differ in that the antero-lateral process 121 ius sharply defelcted immedlately anterior of the cusp. This gives these elements a Ligonodina-like appearance.

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (2) 1125-1156,

Code. 157.

XANIOGNATHUS N. SP. V

PI. 1, figs. 21, 22; PI. 10, fig. 7,8; PI. 16, fig. 9

Diagnosis. Elements of this species are distinct in that the posterior process is strongly bent inward, but not twisted. The asym­ metrical basal cavity is strongly flared outward.

Description. Xaniognathus-elements distinct in that the postero-lateral process is strongly bent inward, but without being twisted, as in the case of elements of X. n. sp. W. The cusp is not only inclined to the posterior, but it is also slightly bowed inward.

The basal cavity is distinct in that its lateral margin, on the outer side, is strongly flared. Further expansion of this protusion led to the development of the third process that distinguishes elements of

Lambdagnathus n. sp, V.

Remarks. The strong deflection of the postero-lateral process immediately posterior of the cusp distinguishes this Species from most other species of Xaniognathus. The lack of twisting of this process, as well as the strongly flared outer margin of the basal cavity distinguish elements of X. n. sp, V. from those of X. n, sp, W.

Occurrence & Range. Gap (13) 1054-1275; Tunnel (1) 1400;

Pigeon-Grotto (50) 1025-1615; Crossfield (1) -3906.

Illustrated specimens. PC-0014; PC-0211; PC-0212; PC-0277. Code. 156. 122

XANIOGNATHUS - STAUROGNATHUS TRANSITION

PI. 12, figs. 9-11.

Description. The single specimen recovered has an anterior process similar to that of Xaniognathus primus elements, but differs in that it lacks a posterior process. Pairs of nodes have developed at the apices of the denticles, and these are joined to form the platform .

Occurrence & Range. Pigeon-Grotto (1) 1488.

Illustrated specimen. PC-0244.

Code. 158.

FRAG1ENTS

Remarks. Conodont elements that are too poorly preserved to permit reliable identification.

Occurrence & Range. Throughout all sections (653).

Code. 000. REFERENCES CITED

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Rexroad, C.B, 1957. Conodonts from the Chester Series in the type area of southwestern Illinois. Illinois State Geol. Surv. Rept. Inv. 199.

Rexroad, C.B. 1958a. Conodonts from the Glen Dean Formation (Chester) of the Illinois Basin. Illinois State Geol. Surv. Rept. Inv. 209.

Rexroad, C.B, 1958b. The conodont homeomorphs Taphrognathus and Streptognathodus. J. Paleontology 32:1158-1159.

Rexroad, C.B. 1969. Conodonts from the Jacobs Chapel Bed (Mississip­ pian) of the New Albany Shale in southern Indiana. Indiana Geol. Surv. Bull. 41.

Rexroad, C.B. and C. Collinson. 1963. Conodonts from the St. Louis Formation (Valmeyeran Series) of Illinois, Indiana, and Missouri. Illinois State Geol. Surv. Circ. 355.

Rexroad, C.B., and C. Collinson. 1965. Conodonts from the Keokuk, Warsaw, and Salem Formations (Mississippian) of Illinois. Illinois State Geol. Surv. Circ. 388.

Rexroad, C.B., and W.M. Furnish. 1964. Conodonts from the Pella Formation (Mississippian) of south-central Iowa. J. Paleon­ tology 33:667-676, 130

Rhodes, F.H.T. 1952. A classification of Pennsylvanian conodont assemblages. J. Paleontology 26:886-911.

Rhodes, F.H.T,, R.L. Austin, and E.C. Druce. 1969. British Avonian (Carboniferous) conodont faunas and their value in local and intercontinental correlation. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Geol. Suppl, 5.

Rhodes, F.H.T., and K.J. Mtiller. 1956. The conodont genus Prioniodus and related forms. J. Paleontology 30:695-699.

Roundy, P.V, 1926. Part 2, the inicrofauna. pp. 5-23. In P.V. Roundy, G.H. Girty, and M.I. Goldman, Mississippian formations of San Saba County, Texas, U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 146.

Sandberg, C.A., and G. Klapper. 1967. Stratigraphy, age, and paleo- tectonic significance of the Cottonwood Canyon Member of the Madison Limestone in Wyoming and Montana. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 1251-B.

Schmidt, H., and K.J. Mtiller. 1964. Weitere Funde von Conodonten- Gruppen aus dem oberen Karbon des Sauerlandes. Pal&ont. Zeit. 38:105-135.

Scott, A.J, 1961. Three new conodonts from the Louisiana Limestone (Upper Devonian) of Western Illinois. J. Paleontology 35: 1223-1227.

Scott, A.J., and C. Collinson. 1961. Conodont faunas from the L ouisiana and McCraney formations of I l l i n o i s , Iowa, and Missouri. Missouri Geol, Surv. and Water Resources Rept. Inv. 27:110-141.

Scott, D.L. 1964. Pennsylvanian stratigraphy. Bull. Can. Petrol. Geol. 12:460-493.

Scott, H.W. 1942. Conodont Assemblages from the Heath Formation, Montana. J. Paleontology 16:293-300.

Stoppel, D. 1970. Die Fauna des Karbons vom Djebel Abd-el-Aziz (Nordost-Syrien). N. Jb. Geol. Paiyont. Abh. 135:213-225.

Straka, J.J., II. 1968. Conodont zonation of the Kinderhookian Series, Washington County, Iowa. Univ. Iowa Stud. Natur. Hist. 21:1-71.

Sweet, W.C. 1970. Uppermost Permian and Lower Triassic Conodonts of the Salt Range and Trans-Indus Ranges, West Pakistan, pp. 207-275. In B. Kummel, and C. Teichert (eds.) Stratigraphic Boundary Problems: Permian and Triassic of West Pakistan. Univ. Kansas Dept. Geology Spec. Publ. 4. 131

Sweet, W.C., and S.M. BergstrUm. 1969. The Generic Concept in Conodont Taxonomy. Proc. North Amer. P aleont. Convention C :157-173.

Thompson, T.L. 1967, Conodont zonation of Lower Osagean rocks (Lower Mississippian) of southwestern Missouri. Missouri Geol. Surv. and Water Resources Rept, Inv. 39.

Thompson, T.L., and L.D. fellows. 1970. Stratigraphy and conodont biostratigraphy of Kinderhoolcian and Osagean (Lower Mississippian) rocks of southwestern Missouri and adjacent areas. Missouri Geol. Surv. and Water Resources Rept. Inv. 45.

Thompson, T.L., N.S. Ford, and W.C. Sweet. 1971. Conodonts from the Rushville Formation (Mississippian) of Ohio. J. Paleontology 45:704-712.

Thompson, T.L., and E.D. Goebel. 1969. Conodonts and stratigraphy of the Meramecian Stage (Upper Mississippian) in Kansas. Kansas Geol. Surv. Bull. 192.

Ulrich, E.O., and R.S. Bassler. 1926. A classification of the tooth* like fossils conodonts, with description of American Devonian and Mississippian species. U.S. Nat. Mus. Proc. 68:1-63.

Varker, W.J. 1967. Conodonts of the genus Apatognathus Branson and Mehl from the Yoredale Series of the North of England. Palaeontology 10:124-141.

Voges, A. 1959. Conodonten aus detn Unterkarbon I und II (Gatten- dorfia- und Pericyclus-Stufe) des Sauerlandes. Pal&ont. Zeit. 33:266-314,

Warren, P.S. 1927. Banff Area, Alberta. Geol. Surv. Canada Mem. 153.

Warren, P.S. 1937. Age of the Exshaw Shale in the Canadian Rockies, Amer, J . S c i., 5th S er. 33:454-457.

Webster, G.D, 1969. Chester through Derry conodonts and strati­ graphy of northern Clark and southern Lincoln counties, Nevada. Univ. of California Publ. Geol. Sci. 79.

Youngquist, W., and A.K. Miller. 1949. Conodonts from the Late Mississippian Pella beds of south-central Iowa. J. Paleon­ tology 23:617-622.

Youngquist, W,, A.K. Miller, and H.R. Downs. 1950. Burlington conodonts from Iowa, J. Paleontology 24:525-530. 132

Ziegler, W. 1962. Taxionoinie und Phylogenie Oberdevonischer Conodonten und ihre stratigraphische Bedeutung. Hess, Landesamt Bodenf. Abh. 33.

Ziegler, W. 1969. Eine neue Conodonten-Fauna aus dem hOchsten Oberdevon, Fortschr. Geol. Rheinld. u, Westf. 17:343-360.

Ziegler, W. 1971. [Review of] Stratigraphy, age, and inter­ regional correlation of the Exshaw Formation, Alberta Rocky Mountains, by R.W. Macqueen and C.A. Sandberg. [Bull. Can, Petrol. Geol. 18:32-66 (1970)]. Zbl. Geol. Paiaont. Tail IT. 1:14.

Zikmundova, J. 1967. [Conodont fauna of the Scaliognathus anchoralis Branson and Mehl Zone in the Ponikev Shales of the Nisky Jesenik area], Ustred. Ustava Geol. Vestn. 42:449-452 [in Czech with English summary]. PLATES 1 - 2 0

All figures are unretouched photographs of uncoated speci­ mens, x 40.

The conodont element illustrated on PI. 20, fig. 3 is the property of Dr. W.C. Sweet of The Ohio State University. All other specimens will be deposited in the Research Council of Alberta Micro­ paleontology Type Collection, and are identified by their catalogue numbers. The numbers in parentheses refer to sample numbers.

133 134

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1

Figures

1-6 . Polygnathus mehli Thompson, 1967. l.»2, lateral and aboral

views of PC-0001 (70AY-3866); 3,4, oral and aboral views of

PC-0002 (68AA-1173); 5,j5, oral and aboral views of PC-0003

(70AZ-3882).

7-13. Staurognathus n. sp. Z. .7»Ji» oral and lateral views of PC-

0004 (68AA-1465); j?,10, o ra l and aboral views o f PC-0005

(68AA-1586); 11,12, oral and aboral views of PC-0006; 13,

oral view of PC-0007 (68AA-1480).

Doliognathus sp. Oral and aboral views of PC-0008 (70AE-1170).

Magnilaterella sp. 16, lateral view of PC-0009 (70AX-3917);

17. la t e r a l view of PC-0010 (70AE-0850).

18-20. Hindeodella segaformis Bischoff, 1957. 18, lateral view of

PC-0011 (70AG-0063); 19, lateral view of PC-0012 (70AG-0063);

20; la t e r a l view o f PC-0013 (70AE-1170).

2 1 ,2 2 - Xaniognathus n. sp. V. Aboral and lateral views of PC-0014 (70AF-6018).

23,24. Xaniognathus primus (Elias, 1956). 23, lateral view of PC-

0015 (70AF-6005); 24, la t e r a l view of PC-0016 (70AF-6030).

25,29. Larobdagnathus n. sp. V. 25^, aboral view of PC-0017 (70AF-

6005); 26^, lateral view of PC-0018 (70AF-6030); 27_, oral view

of PC-0019 (68AB-1562); 28, lateral view of PC-0020 (70AF-6018);

29, aboral view of PC-0021 (70AF-6008). 135

I

/

8 t o

9 * 7

M

y j

PLATE 1 136

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2

F igu res

I.-4. Taphrognathus n. sp. L. 1., oral view of PC-0022 (70AE-

1965); 2, oral view of PC-0023 (70AE1965); 3,4, oral and

oblique views of PC-0024 (70AE-1970).

5,6. Spathognathodus n. sp. J. 5^, lateral view of PC-0025 (69AC-

0338); £, lateral view of PC-0026 (69AC-0338).

7-10. Taphrognathus n. sp. M. 7., oral view of PC-0027 (70AE-1965);

8, oral view of PC-0028 (68AF-8008); 9,10, oral and lateral

views of PC-0029 (70AE-1965).

II,12. Spathognathodus anteposicornis Scott, 1961, 11, lateral view

of PC-0030 (68AC-0665); 12 lateral view of PC-0031 (70AP-

0605B).

JL3,14^. Spathognathodus sp. cf. S. aculeatus (Branson Sc Mehl, 1934) .

13, lateral view of PC-0032 (70AG-0036); 14, oral view of

PC-0033 (70AG-0038).

13, 16. Neoprioniodus n. sp.? 13, lateral view of PC-0034 (70AF-6018);

16, lateral view of PC-0035 (70AA-0495).

17-24.. Spathognathodus sp. cf. S. stabilis (Branson & Mehl, 1934).

L7,lateral view of PC-0036 (70AA-0520); J3, lateral view of

PC-0037 (70AN-0840); 19* lateral view of PC-0038 (70AN-0840);

20, lateral view of PC-0039 (70AA-0495); 21, lateral view of

PC-0040 (69AA-1549); 22, lateral view of PC-0041 (70AZ-3932);

23, lateral view of PC-0042 (70AY-3932); 24, lateral view of

PC-0043 (69AA-1341). 25.,26. Taphrognathus varians Branson & Mehl, 1941. 25.,26., lateral

and oral views of PC-0044 (70AH-2540).

27-30. Slphonodella isosticha (Cooper, 1939). 27., oral view of

PC-0045 (70AG-0040); 28, oral view of PC-0046 (70AG-0037);

2 9 , o r a l view o f PC-0047 (70AG—3 6 ); 30, o ra l view o f PC-0048

(70AG-0039) .

31. Spathognathodus jugosus (Branson & Mehl, 1934). Oral view of

PC-0049 (70AA-0495). 138

26 27 28 29 30 31

PLATE 2 139

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 3

Figures

1)2. Elictognathus bialatus (Branson & Mehl, 1934). JL, lateral view

of PC-0050 (70AG-0036); 2, lateral view of PC-0051 (70AG-0040).

,3,4. Elictognathus laceratus (Branson & Mehl, 1934). .3, lateral view

of PC-0052 (70AG-0036); 4, lateral view of PC-0053 (70AG-0040).

.5,6.. Siphonodella sandbergi Klapper, 1966. ii, oral view of PC-0054

(70AG-0040); 6^ oral view of PC-0055 (70AG-0036),

7_tB. Siphonodella lobata (Branson & Mehl, 1934). Oral and aboral

views of PC-0056 (70AG-0040).

9,.10. Siphonodella cooperi cooper! Hass, 1959. 9, oral view of PC-

0057 (70 AG-0037); 10, oral view of PC-0058 (70AG-0037).

11. Lonehodina typicalis Bassler, 1925. Lateral view of PC-0059

(68AA-0507).

12-23. Dinodus sp. 12,13., lateral views of PC-0060 (70AG-0036); 14,15,

lateral views of PC-0061 (70AA-0505); .16,17., lateral views of

PC-0062 (68AA-0615); 18,19, lateral views of PC-0063 (70AG-

0036); 20,21, lateral views of PC-0064 (70AG-0037); 22, lateral

view of PC-0065 (69AA-0613); £3, lateral view of PC-0066 (70AG-

0036).

24,25. Siphonodella sp. cf. S. isosticha (Cooper, 1939). 24, oral

view of PC-0067 (70AG-0040); 25, oral view of PC-0068 (70AG-

0038).

26-30. Siphonodella crenulata (Cooper, 1939). 2£, oral view of PC-

0069 (70AG-0038); 27., oral view of PC-0070 (70AG-0038); 28, 140 oral view of PC-0071 (70AG-0040); 29, oral view of PC-

0072 (70AG-0040); 30, oral view of PC-0073 (70AG-0036).

» I lfcL

PLATE 3 142

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 4 4 F igures

1,-6. Gnathodus setniglaber Bischoff, 1957. l t oral view of PC-

0074 (70AG-0036); 2, oral view of PC-0075 (70AG-0040); 3,

oral view of PC-0076 (70AG-0040); 4, oral view of PC-0077

(70AG-0040); 5, oral view of PC-0078 (70AG-0040); 6, oral

view of PC-007 9 (68AC-0644).

7^8,. Gnathodus cuneiformis Mehl & Thomas, 1947 . 2> oral view o f

PC-0080 (70AA-0845); 8, oral view of PC-0081 (68AA-1030).

9-16. Gnathodus punctatus (Cooper, 1039). 9, oral view of PC-0082

(68AA-0611); K), oral view of PC-0083 (70AG-0040); Jll, oral

view of PC-0084 (70AK-0735); 12, oral view of PC-0085 (70AG-

0040); L3» oral view of PC-0086 (70AG-0040); L4, oral view of

PC-0087 (7OAK-0735); 15, oral view of PC-0088 (70AK-0735);

16, oral view of PC-0089 (70AG-0040).

JL7,1_8. Gnathodus sp. cf. G. typicus Cooper. 1939. 17, oral view of

PC-0090 (68AC-0644); 18, oral view of PC-0091 (68AA-0642).

19-23. Gnathodus delicatus Branson & Mehl, 1938. 19, oral view of

PC-0092 (70AG-0040); 20, oral view of PC-0093 (70AG-0038);

21, oral view of PC-0094 (70AG-0037); 22, oral view of PC-

0095 (70AG-0040); 23, oral view of PC-0096 (70AG-0037). PLATE 4 144

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 5

F igu res

1 -4 . Ozarkodina n. sp. B. 1_, lateral view of PC-0097 (70AH-3050);

Zt lateral view of PC-0098 (70AH-3050); 2» lateral view of

PC-0099 (70AH-2550); 4, lateral view of PC-0100 (70AR-2975).

5 -8 . Ozarkodina laevipostica Rexroad & Collinson, 1963. 15, lateral

view of PC-0101 (70AR-2975); 6, lateral view of PC-0102 (70AR-

2975); 7,8, lateral views of PC-0103 (70AR-2995).

9-12. Spathognathodus scitulus (Hinde, 1900). ,9, lateral view of

PC-0104 (70A1I-3085); 10, lateral view of PC-0105 (70AR-2975);

11, lateral view of PC-0106 (70AR-2995); lateral view of

PC-0107 (70AH-3050).

1 3 ,1 4 . Apatognathus petilus Varker, 1967. 3J3, lateral view of PC-

0108 (70AR-2975); 14, lateral view of PC-0109 (70AR-2975).

II> 1 6 - Apatognathus cuspidatus Varker, 1967. 15, lateral view of PC- 0110 (70AR-2975); 16, lateral view of PC-0111 (70AR-2995).

1 Z- Apatognathus libratus Varker, 1967. Lateral view of PC-0112 (70AR-2995).

18-20. Apatognathus scalenus Varker, 1967. 18, lateral view of PC-

0113 (7OAR-2927); 19, lateral view of PC-0114 (68AA-1879);

20,lateral view of PC-0115 (68AH-2379). l i , 2 2 . Apatognathus chauliodus Varker, 1967. 21_, lateral view of PC-

0116 (7OAR-2975); 22, lateral view of PC-0117 (70AR-2975).

23,24. Gnathodus texanus Roundy, 1926. Oral and lateral views of PC-

0118 (70AR-3265). 25-35. Gnathodus bilineatus (Roundy, 1926). 25,33, lateral and oral

views of PC-0119 (70AR-3205); 26, lateral view of PC-0120

(70AR-3205); 27, lateral view of PC-0121 (70AR-3205); 28,

lateral view of PC-0122 (70AR-3205); 2.9, oral view of PC-

0123 (7OAR-3205); 30, oral view of PC-0124 (70AR-3205);

31, 35, oral and lateral views of PC-0125 (70AR-3205); 32,

oral view of PC-0126 (7OAR-3205); .34, lateral view of PC-

0127 (70AR-3205). 146

/

T v,

20

v ^ . ' i 27

26 28

30

PLATE 5 147

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 6

F igu res

1. Polygnathus communis carinus Hass, 1959. Oral view of PC-

0128 (68AA-0688).

2 -6 . Siphonodella duplicata (Branson & Mehl, 1934). 2t oral view

of PC-0129 (70AG-0036); 3, oral view of PC-0130 (70AG-0040);

4 , o r a l view o f PC-0131 (70AG-0037); 5., o ra l view o f PC-0132

(70AG-0036); 6, oral view of PC-0133 (70AG-0036).

7 ,8 . Pseudopolygnathus triangulus triangulus Voges, 1959. Oral and

aboral views of PC-0134 (70AG-0038).

9-13. Polygnathus coinmunis communis Branson & Mehl, 134, 9, oral view

of PC-0135 (70AG-0037); 10, oral view of PC-0136 (70AA-0740);

11, oral view of PC-0137 (69AA-1023); 12, oral view of PC-

0138 (68AA-0688); 13, oral view of PC-0139 (68AA-0715).

14-16. Patrognathus andersoni Klapper, 1971. 14., 15, oral and lateral

views of PC-0140 (68AA-0611); JLji, oral view of PC-0141 (68AA-

06 1 1 ).

Pseudopolygnathus marginatus (Branson & Mehl, 1934). 17, oral

view of PC-0142 (70AG-0036); 18, oral view of PC-0143 (70AG-

0040).

.12.20. Pseudopolygnathus fusiformis Branson & Mehl, 1934. JL9, oral

view of PC-0144 (70AG-0040); 20* oblique view of PC-0145 (70

AG-0 0 4 0 ).

21-26. Clydagnathus cavusformis Rhodes, Austin 6c Druce, 1969. 21,22,

lateral and oral views of PC-0146 (70AN-0720); 23.,24, oral and 148

lateral views of PC-0147 (70AP-0605B); 25,26.. lateral and

oral views of PC-0148 (70AP-0605B).

27-30. Polygnathus sp, cf, P. inornatus Branson, 1934. 27.,28., oral

and aboral views of PC-0149 (68AC-0470); 29,30, aboral and

oral views of PC-0150 (68AC-0470).

31-37. Polygnathus vogesi Ziegler, 1962. 211,32., aboral and oral

views of PC-0151 (68AD-0403); 33,34, aboral and oral views of

PC-0152 (68AD-0403); 35, oral view of PC-0153 (68AD-0403); 36,

o r a l view o f PC-0154 (70AG-Q038); 37., o r a l view o f PC-0155

(68AD-0403). l - ’+s

PLATE 6 150

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 7

F igu res

1-9. Spathognathodus sp. cf. S, cristulus Youngquist & M iller, 1949.

J., lateral view of PC-0156 (69AB-1785); 2, lateral view of

PC-0157 (69AB-1341); 3, lateral view of PC-0158 (70AZ-3917);

4, lateral view of FC-0159 (69AB-1774); 5_, lateral view of

PC-0160 (68AA-1890); 6, lateral view of PC-0161 (70AE-1845);

1_, lateral view of PC-0162 (68AA-1603); 8_, lateral view of

PC-0163 (69AA-1794); j), lateral view of PC-0164 (69AA-1655) .

10,11. Ozarkodina sp. cf. 0. curvata Rexroad, 1958. 10, lateral view

of FC-0165 (68AA-1753); 11, lateral view of PC-0166 (69AA-

18 9 7 ).

12-14. Ozarkodina? n. sp. A. 1J2, lateral view of PC-0167 (68A1I-2349);

13. lateral view of PC-0168 (70AE-1975); JL4, lateral view of

PC-0169 (70AE-1975).

15-17. Neoprionlodus? n. sp. A. 15, lateral view of PC-0170 (70AE-

1925); 16,17., lateral views of PC-0171 (70AE-1925) .

18,TL9. S pathognathodus c o a le sc e n s Rexroad & C o llin s o n , 1965. 18,

lateral view of PC-0172 (69AB02279); lj), lateral view of

PC-0173 (69AB-2069).

Spathognathodus? n. sp. A. Lateral and oral views of PC-0174

(70AE-1665).

22-25. Cavusgnathus sp. 22^,23, oral and lateral views of FC-0175

(70AH-3085); 24,25,oral and lateral views of PC-0176 (70AR-

3145). 151

26>27_, Ozarkodina sp. cf. 0. laevipostica Rexroad & Collinson, 1963.

lateral views of PC-0177 (79AB-1794),

28-30. Cavusgnathus sp. 28 t lateral view of PC-0178 (70AH-3085);

^9,30, oral and lateral views of PC-0179 (70AR-3003). , o : * '

f. V.

/ . V. . . I '4

1 > • ' -^1 V

~ -• / /

A Jt- . '» ..Vi

■- t fs^JJ--' Vt

22 ■

/r»* /•“ f- * . * ’ *"T 1 ■ 28 ^ *v\

PLATE 7 153

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 8

F igu res

1- 8. Polygnathus sp. c f. P. inornatus Branson, 1934. 1,2, o r a l

and aboral views of PC-0180 (70AK-0505); 3^, aboral view of

PC-0181 (70AG-0038); 4,5, oral and aboral view of PC-0182

(68AA-0502) ; 6.,7., aboral and oral views of PC-0183 (68AA-

0623); 8, oral view of PC-0184 (70AG-0036).

9 ,1 0 . Pseudopolygnathus triangulus triangulus Voges, 1959. Aboral

and oral views of PC-0185 (70AG-0036).

11-16, Polygnathus mehli Thompson, 1967. 11,12, aboral and oral

views of PC-0186 (70AA-1169); .13,14, oral and aboral views of

PC-0187 (70AY-3882); 15,16, oral and aboral views of PC-0188

(70AA-1166). PLATE 8 155

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 9

F igu res

1-2. Pseudopolygnathus dentilineatus Branson, 1934. 1,2* oral an<* aboral views of PC-0189 (70AG-0040); 3,4, oral and aboral

views of PC-0190 (70AL-0580); 5^6., oral and aboral views of

PC-0191 (68AA-0615); 7, lateral view of PC-0192 (70AL-0580).

8 . Pseudopolygnathus primus Branson & Mehl, 1934. Oral view of

PC-0300 (70AG-0037).

9-11. Gnathodus punctatus (Cooper, 1939). £, oral view of PC-0193

(70AG-0040); 10, oral view of PC-0194 (70AG-0040); 11, oral

view of PC-0195 (70AG-0038).

12. Siphonodella cooperi cooperi Hass, 1959. Oral view of PC-0196

(70AG-0039) .

13. Siphonodella crenulata (Cooper, 1939). Oral view of PC-0197

(70AG-0037).

14,15.. Siphonodella obsoleta Hass, 1959. 14, oral view of PC-0198

68AD-0403); 15. oral view of PC-0199 (70AG-0036).

16-2 1 . Siphonodella cooperi hassi Thompson & Fellows, 1970). 16, oral

view of PC-0200 (68AC-0644); 17., oral view of PC-0201 (70AG-

0036); 18, oral view of PC-0202 (69AC-0338); lj), oral view

of PC-0203 (70AG-0036); 20, oral view of PC-0204 (68AA-0606);

21, oral view of PC-0205 (70AG-0040). PLATE 9 157

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 10

F igures

.1-3. Neoprioniodus peracutus (Hinde, 1900). 1,2* lateral views of

PC-0206 (70AR-3003); 3, lateral view of PC-0207 (70AR-3003).

4-£. Neoprioniodus sp. cf. N. conjunctus (Gunnell, 1931). 4,

lateral view of PC-0208 (68AA-0857); 5., lateral view of PC-

0209 (70AZ-3911); 6, lateral view of PC-0210 (68AA-1156).

7.,8.. Xaniognathus n. sp. V.7., lateral view of PC-0211 (68AA-1037);

8., l a t e r a l view of PC-0212 (69AA-1357).

9-12. Xaniognathus primus (Elias, 1956). j), lateral view of PC-0213

(68AA-1023); 10, lateral view of PC-0214 (70AA-1025); 11,12,

lateral views of PC-0215 (68AA-1026).

13-16. Cavusgnatlius sp. 13,14, oral and aboral views of PC-0216

(69AB-1654); 15,l£, aboral and oral views of PC-0217 (69AB-.

1654).

17. Lonchodina sp. cf. L. paraclarki Hass, 1953. Posterior view

o f PC-0218 (68AA-1138),

18. Neoprioniodus ligo (Hass, 1953). Lateral view of PC-0219 (70

AX-3962).

19. Qzarkodina sp. cf. 0. laevipostica Rexroad & Collinson, 1963.

Lateral view of PC-0220 (69AB-1715). PLATE 10 159

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 11

Figures

1 -3 . Spathognathodus sp. cf. S. stabilis (Branson & Mehl, 1934).

1, lateral view of PC-0221 (68AA-0611); 2, o b liq u e view o f

PC-0222 (70AA-1148); 3, lateral view of PC-0223 (70AY-3932).

4. Gnathodus cuneiforrois Mehl fit Thomas, 1947. Lateral view of

PC-0224 (70AA-0755). .

5 . Apatognathus scalenus Varker, 1967. Lateral view of PC-0225

(70AZ-3916).

6 -9 . Spathognathodus sp. cf. S. strigosus (Branson fit Mehl, 1934).

6f lateral view of PC-0226 (70AG-0040); 7_, lateral view of

PC-0227 (68AD-0403); 8, lateral view of PC-0228 (70AG-0036);

9, lateral view of PC-0229 (69AA-1345),

10, 11. Spathognathodus sp. cf. S. crustulus Youngquist fit M iller,

1949. 10^, lateral view of PC-0230 (70AH-2540); 11., lateral

view of PC-0231 (68AA-1603).

12- Apatognathus? n. sp. A. lateral view of PC-0232 (70AH-2310). 11,14. Gnathodus sp. cf. G. commutatus (Branson & Mehl, 1941). 13.

oral view of PC-0233 (70AZ-39J.7); 14, oral view of PC-0234

(69AA-1892) .

15,16.. Spathognathodus sp. cf, S. aculeatus (Branson & Mehl, 1934).

15. lateral view of PC-0235 (70AK.-0525); l£, lateral view of

PC-0236 (70AK-0525).

1 7 ,1 8 . Taphrognathus varians Branson fit Mehl, 1941. Lateral and oral

views of PC-0237 (70AH-2510).

19. Taphrognathus n. sp. L. Oral view of PC-0238 (70AE-1970). 160

PLATE 11 161

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 12

F ig u re s

1-8 . Xaniognathus primus (Elias, 1956). JL, lateral view of PC-

0239 (68AA-1156); 2,3, lateral views of PC-0240 (68AA-U91);

4,5., lateral views of PC-0241 (69AA-1028); (5, lateral view

of PC-0242 (69AA-1575); 7,8, lateral views of PC-0243 (68AA-

1023).

9-11. Xaniognathus-Staurognafhus transition. Oral, aboral, and

lateral views of PC-0244 (69AA-1488).

12-14. Stauro gnat bus n. sp. Z. 1^,13,, oral and aboral views of

PC-0245 (69AA-1380); 14, oral view of PC-0246 (68AA-1378). PLATE 12 163

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 13

F igu res

,1-4. Taphrognathus ti. sp. K. 1,^2, oral and aboral views of PC-0247

(69AB-1809); 3.,4, oral and aboral views of PC-0248 (68AB-1695).

£,(5. Taphrognathus n. sp. M. ,5, oral view of PC-0249 (69AB-1950);

6, oral view of PC-0250 (69AB-2069).

,7,8,. Spathognathodus sp. cf. S. stabilis (Branson & Meltl, 1934).

7., lateral view of PC-0251 (68AA-0611); 8, lateral view of

PC-0252 (69AA-1884).

9,10. .Spathognathodus sp. cf, S. strigosus (Branson 6c Mehl, 1934).

_9, lateral view of PC-0253 (68AA-1163); JLO, lateral view of

PC-0254 (70AA-0765).

11-15. Cavusgnathus sp. JUL,,12, oral and aboral views of PC-0255 (70

AR-3241); 13,, oral view of PC-0256 (70AR-3255); 14,15, aboral

and oral views of PC-0257 (70AR-2423). PLATE 13 165

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 14

F igu res

1.-6,. Pseudopolygnathus primus Branson & Mehl, 1934. _1,2, oral and

aboral views of PC-0258 (70AG-0036); <3,5i, aboral and oral

views of PC-0259 (70AG-0040); 4, oral view of PC-0260 (70AG-

0036); 6, aboral view of PC-0261 (70AG-0036).

2,8. Pseudopolygnathus n. sp. X. Oral and aboral views of PC-0262

(68AA-0754).

9-11. Pseudopolygnathus m ultjstriatus Mehl & Thomas, 1947. 9,10,

oral and aboral views of PC-0263 (68AA-0857); 11 , oral view

of PC-0264 (70AA-0765).

12-14. Gnathodus cuneiformis Mehl & Thomas, 1947. 12, lateral view

of PC-0265 (68AA-0813); 13.»JA> °hlique flnd lateral views

of PC-0266 (70AA-0845). 166

PLATE EXPLANATION OF PLATE 15

Figures jL-j). Polygnathus sp. cf. P. inornatus Branson, 1934. l.,_2.> oral

and aboral views of PC-0267 (70AG-0036); 3_, oral view of

PC-0268 (70AK-0505); 4,5, oral and aboral views of PC-0269

(70AK-0505); 6, oral view of PC-0270 (70AG-0040); 7, oral view

of PC-0271 (70AK-0505); 8,.9, oral and aboral views of PC-0272

(70AG-0037). PLATE 15 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 16

Figu res

1-4. Stauroenathus n. sp. Z. 1,2, o ra l and aboral views of PC-0273

(68AA-1586); 3,4, aboral and oral views of PC-0274 (70AX-3902).

.5-8,. Staurognathus n. sp. X. 5,,6_, o ra l and aboral views of PC-0275

(69AA-1484); 1,8, oral and aboral views of PC-0276 (69AA-

1484).

Xaniognathus n. sp. V. Lateral view of PC-0277 (69AA-1385).

10-15. Staurognathus n. sp. Y. 10,11, oral and aboral views of

PC-0278 (68AA-1555); 12,13, oral and aboral views of PC-0279

(69AA-1453); 14,15, oral and aboral views of PC-0280 (69AA-

1488). PLATE 16 171

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 17

Figures

JL-,3. Neoprionlodus ligo (Hass, 1953). 1.,.2, lateral views of

PC-0281 (68AA-1087); 3, lateral view of PC-0282 (70AA-1145).

4,5., Neoprioniodus sp. cf. N. conjunctus (Gunnell, 1931). Lateral

views of PC-0283 (70AE-0834).

6_. Lonchodina sp. cf, L. arcuata Ulrich 6c Bassler, 1926. Lateral

view of PC-0284 (70AA-0745).

7-12. Xaniognathus n. sp. W. 7_,8, oral and aboral views of PC-0285

(70AA-1090); 9, lateral view of PC-0286 (68AA-1125); 10,12

lateral views of PC-0287 (68AA-1161); IT, lateral view of

PC-0288 (68AA-1100). PLATE: >17 173

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 18

Figures i “ji* Siphonodella quadruplicate (Branson & Mehl, 1934), 1_, oral

view of PC-0289 (70AG-0036); 2, oral view of PC-0290 (70AG-

0040); 3., oral view of PC-0291 (70AG-0040).

4,5,, Siphonodella duplicata (Branson & Mehl, 1934), 4, oral view

of PC-0292 (70AG-0040); 5, oral view of PC-0293 (70AG-0040).

6,-9.. Siphonodella obsoleta Hass, 1959. j5, oral view of PC-0294

(70AG-0036); 7, o ra l view of PC-0295 (70AG-0036); 8, o ra l

view of PC-0296 (70AG-0040); 9, o ral view of PC-0297 (70AG-

0036) .

10,IT. Siphonodella cooperi cooperi Hass, 1959. 10, oral view of

PC-0298 (70AG-0038); 11, oral view of PC-0299 (70AG-0036). PLATE 18 175

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 19

F ig u re s

1. Nothognathclla sp. Lateral view of specimen preserved on

PC-0310 (7OAT-0001-Ml0).

2. Siphonodella sandbergi Klapper, 1966. Oral view of specimen

preserved on PC-0310 (70AT-0001-M10).

3^. Palmatolepis sp. Aboral view of specimen preserved on

PC-0305 (70AT-0001-M05).

4. Siphonodella obsoleta Hass, 1959. Oral view of specimen

preserved on PC-0310 (70AT-0001-M10).

5m. Pseudopolygnathus primus Branson & Mehl, 1934. Oral view

of specimen preserved on PC-0310 (70AT-0001-M10). j6,7.. Siphonodella sandbergi Klapper, 1966. Oral views of two

specimens preserved on PC-0310 (7OAT-0001-Ml0 ). PLATE 19 177

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 20

Figures

_1. SynprioniodIna sp. Lateral view of specimen preserved on

PC-0301 (70AT-0001-MQ1).

2. Palmatolepis sp. Aboral view of specimen preserved on

PC-0305 (70AT-0001-M05).

3. Spathognathodus praelongus Cooper, 1943, Lateral view of

specimen from the matrix of an Exshaw ammonoid described by

M ille r, 1938 (property of Dr.W.C. Sweet of The Ohio S tate

University).

4. Nothognathclla sp. Lateral view of specimen preserved on

PC-0302 (70AT-0001-M02).

5_, Nothognathclla sp. Lateral view of specimen preserved on

PC-0310 (70AT-0001-ML0).

6. Palmatolepis sp. Aboral view of a specimen preserved on

PC-0305 (70AT-0001-M05). 178 *****

.■ *4 tL* *'1 ' . t ' A h »\; * to,t. •' « V.

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t* v \ *•'•*

/iT >■;

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, ** ** ^ . '< ft., * r

>,.*, vfc vf- 1 *r „-*■ • -• .V-«-^W

• •-•-■ JLV ' 'J*

PLATE 20 APPENDIX

COLLECTING LOCALITIES

Introduction

The stratigraphic position and quantity of all conodont elements collected is shown in the following tables. To facilitate the arrangement of these, a three digit code is used to identify the different types of elements. In the case of some species it has been possible to recognize several growth-stages, and elements of each have been assigned a separate number. All the code numbers in use are lis te d on Table 1.

Fourteen areas were studied, and at each one or more sec­ tions were sampled. Chart 1, the location map, carries the index which relates areas and sections. The remaining tables of the appendix list the distribution of the conodonts in the Mississippian of western Canada. Most sections are represented by a separate table, however some of the very small sections are shown together (e.£.,

Sections AL and AM, collected in the Moose area, overlap and are shown to g eth er.

On each of the tables the first vertical column (to the left) shows the sample number. This figure represents the actual or appro­ ximate distance, in feet, above the upper surface of the Devonian

Palliser Formation. The uppermost horizontal line lists the code

179 180 number of the conodont species . On some tables this' information is repeated at the base of the table. The numbers on the charts them­ selves indicate the number of individual elements of a species that were .found in a given sample.

The tables listing the material from the Crowsnest and Morro areas do not show abundances. The Crowsnest tab le shows only which s tr a tig ra p h ic a lly diag n o stic form was noted in which sample. The Morro

Chart lists the ten handspecimens that were studied, and which were

the most common (or most noticeable) elements.

The tables for each area are preceded by a brief paragraph which indicates the geographic location of the individual sections as accurate as possible. Reports describing previous studies at

the same localities are also noted. The position of all sections is

shown on C hart 1.

Fcrnie Area

Section AH (Table 12)

This section is approximately 15 miles southeast of Fernie,

B ritis h Columbia. At th a t lo c a lity Highway 3 passes through a tunnel cut into the limestones of the upper Rundle Group. Structurally

this location is on the east flank of the Broadwood anticline. Sec­

tion AH was sampled on hoth sides of the tunnel, x^ithin it, and at the next truncated spur immediately east of the tunnel. The Mt, Head-

Etherington contact is not exposed, it is within the covered interval betxfeen spur and tunnel. 181

This section is part of the same thrust sheet as the loca- tio n on the e a s t sid e of Mt. Broadwood th a t was described by Oswald

(1964, fig. 1, section 3).

Flathead Area

S ectio n AW

The w ell from which th is core was cu t (P acific A tla n tic

Flathead #1) is along Sage Creek, near its junction with the Flathead

River in southeastern British Columbia.

Clark (1954, 1964) discusses the subsurface stratigraphy in th is area.

Crowsnest Area

Section AG (Table 2)

This se c tio n is along Highway 3, a t the so u th eastern end of Crowsnest Lake, approximately two miles east of Crowsnest Pass.

E a rlie r references include the stu d ies of DeWit and McLaren

(1950) and DeWit (1953) . Conodonts from this section have been studied by Copeland (I960), MUller (1962), and Macqueen and Sandberg

(1970).

Gap Area

Section AE„(Table 14)

This section is immediately south of the Oldman River where it cuts through the Livingstone Range. This is the same section that was measured by C.S. Hume (in Douglas, 1950). Section AF (Table 6)

This is an isolated outcrop of lower Livingstone strata exposed along the forestry road immediately below section AE.

Ilighwood Area

Section AR (Table 4)

This section is in the cirque to the east, and immediately above the Coleman-Kananaskis forestry road at Highwood Pass.

The se c tio n measured by Macqueen and Bamber (1968b), a t the type locality of the Opal Member of the Mt. Head Formation is on the north wall of the cirque. Section AR is parallel to this on the floor of the cirque, where it is being incised by Storm Creek,

Tunnel Area

Section AQ (Table 19)

At this section, on the south side of Tunnel Mountain the

Banff Rundle contact alone was sampled. The location is along the foot path which runs along the Bow River, from the Banff School of

Fine Art to the Hoodoos. This location is across the river from, and on strike with the Banff and Rundle type sections on Mt. Rundle

(e*£• > Warren, 1927, Beales, 1950).

Section AI (Table 20)

This is a t Whiteman's Pass, above the Canmore tow nsite. The location is the southeast side of Mt. Rundle. This section was sampled by Macqueen and Sandberg (1970), and is illustrated on their plate 2 as fig. 4. 183

Pigeon-Grotto Area

Section AA (Table 18)

This is along the Trans Canada Highway a t the base of Pigeon

Mountain, a standard stop on all field trips in the Bow Valley. It is lo c a tio n 46 of Macqueen and Bamber (1968a, f ig . 2).

Section AB (Table 8)

On strike with previous section, and located on prominent spur on the south side of Grotto Mountain.

Section AC (Table 10)

Slightly to east of section AB. The base of the section, in the lower Banff Formation, is exposed in the shale quarry of

Ramrock Industries.

Section AD (Table 7)

This section is about 100 feet north of the quarry.

Section AS

Immediately below section AD.

Exshaw Area

S ection AK (Table 13)

This section is located immediately north of the town of

Exshaw, at the base of the mountain that separates Exshaw and Jura creeks. I t is lo catio n 10 in Macqueen and Bamber (1968b, f ig . 1). 184

S ectio n AJ (Table 9)

On Ju ra Creek approximately two m iles n o rth of Highway IA

(lo c a tio n 33 in Macqueen and Bamber (19G8a, fig . 2). T his, the type section of the Exshaw formation, is illustrated in Macqueen and

Sandberg (1970, PI. 1, figs. 1,2; PI. 2, fig. 1).

Moose Area

Sections AL and AM (Table 11)

These sections are along Canyon Creek, along the south sid e of Moose Mountain. This is lo c a tio n 12 of Macqueen and Bamber

(1968a, fig. 6).

Crossfield Area

The cores which were sampled came from the following wells

(Table 3):

S ection AX = 10-36EK-281U5 (Pan Am U nit #5 C ro ssfield E ast)

Section AY = 10-10-28-1W5 (Pan Am - FARGO C-l Crossfield East)

Section AZ = 7-13-28-1W5 (Pan Am Unit #8 Crossfield East).

Cadomin Area

Section AM (Table 17)

This is along the abandoned railway line south of the McLeod

River near the junction with Whitehorse Creek. The upper part of this section is illustrated in Macqueen (1966, PI. 1, fig. 3). 185

Section AO (Table 16)

This is on the hill above section AN, the location is shown in Macqueen (1966, PI. 1, fig. 2).

Section AP (Table 15)

This section is on the mountain above the campground at

Whitehorse Creek, north of the McLeod River.

Morro Area

Section AT (Table 5)

This section is in the vicinity of Mt. Hawk. The exact location is Lsd 4-36-46--1W6 (courtesy of Dr. R. Green of the Alberta

Research Council). This location was also described by DeWit and

McLaren (1950, p. 26). ' *■* 000 nUSNDITI- 'C W ftO IJU r .” .T I SPATHOGN ATHOIJOf » . o to .* ■ * * 150 LONCHODDIA SP. Oil SPATHOGKATHODUJ SP. CP. S. 3TABZLZ8 . 151 LOKCHODZKA TXP1CAL1B 012 SFATH0GHATH0 DU8 SP. CP. 3 . EtlSIGOSUB s‘ 152 LOKChODIHA SP. CP. L. PAHACLAMU 013 SPATHOCKATHODUB FRARLOHCUB . 15b XAKZOOKATHUS N. BP. V 01b SPATHOjKATHOOUS 9 P. CP. S. STABlUa 155 LOHCHODIKA 9 . CP. L. AHOUAtA 015 SFATrlOCNATHODUS SP. CP. S. C5 I 8 TJLUS 156 XANI0CNATHU3 N. SP. V 018 SPATHOQNATHODUS SP. CP. S. 8 TAB1US 157 XAN10CNATHU37 N. SP. U 020 SPATU0CNATH0 DU3 SP. CP. 3 . ACU1XATVIS * 158 XARIOGKATHUS-STAURUCNaTHUS TBANS1TZ0M 021 JPATHG3HATHGDU3 SP. CP. S. ACULKAiUS 160 PACNIUTtHELLA? SP. 022 SPA niGCKATMODUS AKTEHJBICOKHIS 161 HACH1UTEKELU SP. 026 JPATHGCHATHGDUS 3CITUUJS 170 HINOEODUS SP. 02? SPATH0GHATH0 DU3 N. SP. J 180 CRATHODUS S>. 028 aPATHMNATHODUS JUG0 SU5 ' 162 CXATHODUd DELICATUS 029 iiPATHOCKATHv,DUS A3N0 8 KZS 183 OIATHODUS SP. CP. S . TXPICU3 030 pulxcsatww a>, 18 b CKATHODUS SeHICLa SEH 031 FOLXCHAXHUS 0G3NUMIS 00HHJK1S 185 CHATriODUS FUHCTATUS 032 P0LYCKATHU3 SP. CP. P . INUUtttVS 186 CKATHODUS CUKE1XU

TABLE 1 . QODK-MUHBKHS O f CUHu DLHTS aPttClfiS.

yoO l#& 315 15£ (W5 ^ o il ■ 150 210 012 230 1*0 23? 010 1Q0 160 090 200 130 170 1UQ 110 161 Old 1L2 036 Ob ax>3o2 AX3667 AX 3 572 AY3677 « AX3878 * 1 . . . - . . •AJ>882 I - • . 1 . • . # • • « • • 1 . 1 . . . * AY 3382 1 Z . . . 1 1 1 .... 1 2 • . I . A z y s s z *2 1 ** 1 “. . . • « * “ . # % 1 • AZ3336 - 2 2 - - 1 - . . . 2 . 2 . 1 . 1 . 1 1 - I

’ A J U C L A J U a woum m is TBANSITIO*

ypicus 066 063 012 ote 062 067 ______02? Q2A S7.Q.., M 2^2__066__i 70*3-4066 ...... 70A3~fi059 ...... 7QAC-7059 • . * * ...... 68AG-6009 * ...... 68AG-6008 .... * ...... 6aAG-600? ...... 6AAG-6006 ...... 6flAC-6005 ...... 6AAG-6OOU ...... u s 66AG-6003 ...... 68AG-6002 ...... u s 6£AG-6001 ...... V

I 70AG-0063 ...... 70AG-OOM ******* 70AG-0OU0 ******* 70AG-0039 * 70AG-0038 * * # N I 70AG-0037 * * h 70AG-0036 * * * »***••*•» A ■557 EfI 275 5Ei 055 <5&5 i i [ULUS ______006 063 012 062 062 067 ESCOS ruuis at. a ICS TABLE 2. DISraiBUT

'5? c " ' T 5r TSo 5^? OOC 32t 1 ‘TPO 3*? 1 ■V 1 • k t • * • * • . AS - ‘.VO • <3 *• 2 • * 0 103 135 130 AH-??-’- ( u * ■ - 3 « • - 2 -* 102 036 063 . 000 aa*3?:^ 1 • • n * * • * * # * * *1 AH- w3- « • * & . 2 • « -- 1 % Afi-?265 , / * •0 AB-3255 - • • - ■ «» 1 • « • • 1 * • 1 *. aR-3201 « 3 • « - • • • • • * 4 •[ AH-?225 - 36 • » ? - ? • AH-?215 - K * A - 1 £ * • • • 1 • * • *■ AS-^OJ - >a 4 » 1* 2 * * • • • 1 • * • 3 AF 3195 • <* «• - 1 - • m - * • • - - 1 4 012 5 5 062 067 122 o 5 3 0&1 5 + 9 1^5 1S2 5 5 5 H I 150 ’ 270 QU i 052 066 1 2 1 U 2it5 251— 212— 221— U2— 222— 122 ^— ^ ..... 70WJ-60>9 . . 1 . . 70WS-7059 ..1.1 6640-6009 . . . . . 6840-6006 .. 1 1 . 6840-6007 ..... 684 G-6006 2 • • ■ . 6840-6005 . • 1 . • 6840-6006 ...... 6840-6003 ...... 6840-6002 ...... 6840-6001 1 ..., 1 2 1 .. 7040-0063 • •»**•• * «•** • *••*«• * 7Q4G-004i • ••••«**••*• •* • ••*• • 704G-00M) • • . 704G-0039 «••••• * • 7040-0038 • * * * * ft * 7 040-0037 **#**' ************** 7040-0036 W ---0H b ^ — d66 - i i i iflfc . W 'flST M3 W TTr~55fl~ l^ >3 012 092 062 067 122 063 061 (*9 185' 182 066 __LU__L52------

TABLE 2. DISTRIBUTION OF 0US0JUHT8 dfKCUSS. SgCTIOM AQ. AY3862 1 4 l 1 • - -- - AO>532 * 2 1 * * 1 • . 4 • • • - - • - • - * • - A t • AZ3366 . 2 2 - w 1 to & • • 2 • 2 1 • 1 1 1 - . • * * 443007 - - •» - - to - ‘ . * m • - * • 2 * - • • * - 4 AY386? i’ 423887 AY3091 • • -• - - •- to aa • • • • * • *23^91 AT3892 - 1 4X3894 m 1 3 413896 - 2 - - to - • • • ■ - * 1 1 • --• * . • • m • 4X3097 2 1 3 *- - 1 . 2 , 2 • to to A 1 - • - • # m m • Ar3901 1 1 - m to - - . 1 . 9 m - - • - to - - • • p m • 423901 - 1 1 AX3902 - - 5 to to m • . 2 . 2 • -•« - - 423905 - 4 4 3 - m - . 1 . 1 • 1 -* m 1 2 . AY3906 1 4 2 1 - - 1 . - , i 1 to 1 m 1 - - m- - • # f • f .423906 - to 2 1 - 1 - 1 to * to *• 1 1 - 1 1 to - - • ;ax390? 3 4 3 - - 2 1 - «• . 2 * to m - t 1 1 * m 0 4X3911 m • 2 - - to «w #m ^ - - m . m - • - m to - 4X3912 2 3 - to -- ♦ to to # •- - m - * - m <■* m ^ • • • ♦ 413912 2 - - to - to m m * . m m - to to - m 2 - - • • # * * 423916 1 5 - to «• 2 1 - m 1 1 m 1 to 3 - - 1 - • 4 f • i • 4X3917 --- 1 - 3 ** 2 - . 1 - * «B1 1 2 1 • • * • * * IAY3917 1 1 m - • - - - m m -- • m «• 1 to to to - • * * 1 • 4Z3917 1 4 1 1 1 4 - - to 0 to • 1 At m - - m t 2 2 . 4X3921 - 3 2 1 to - 3 - - » - 1 to •-- m m • 4 « • 4X3922 to m - m 1 1 - to A 1 - 1 to to - 1 m 1 - • 4Y3922 - 6 2 1 - - 2 - m q 1 -■ to • 1 1 m “ . • -4Z3926 3 3 ■» - •• - - 2 . ----* - - «• - • • 4X3927 4Y3926 - 2 2 ;423930 - - - to - - • - • • - - --- «• - - - - • • to m m m* m J4Y3931 1 - 2 - - - 1 . to* - - - 2 2 . - . 4Z3931 3 1 2 1 -- 2 - • . m - 1 1 - - * 1 - rn • •413932 - m 3 to - to m - 1 - m - • - m m * - • * v A Z3932 2 1 4 1 1 3 1 - - 1 4X 3937 3 2 1 -- 1 1 - 1 2 1 - to - - to 2 1 - * • . 4 1 3 9 3 7 - 2 - - to - to 3 to to • ,to m to to - - 1 1 . to • m • 1 * - • to - 1 - - - • 1 - to - * • >4YW3 2 6 3 - - - 1 m to w 1 -- - - 2 3 to - 1 . • 'i 4T 39W 1 • 4T3951 1 _ 2 4X3952 • 2 • - to • _ - - « - to to - to -- - • ' AY 3956 - - 1 4 1 4 1 • - - 2 to - to - 1 2 - “ * 2 -« 4 I • 4 —1 1 • 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 • -- 2 to m - to -- to 1 1 1 • • * U r39ei 1 •• 4Y3986 • 4Y3991 - - 2 1 1 1 t 41 » • , ] «. 1 1 • AY4000 1 3 ** tof 1 • \ 4Y400I 3 2 1 1 • 1 IOC 1 J 090 200 1 3 110 1 m s 03S 060 1*4 015 152 Ofl£ 146 Oil 150 210 012 230 143 2?3

TABLB 3. DI3TOI30T10N OF COHODONT SPSCIK3 . S4CTIQK8 AX. AY. 42, I 0 1•*! ' • * '“"'■"to *-- * ’*” ' ■’ ” -w - 0 . 3 > • - * » l * • _ to AF 3195 to ^ • 1 1 - 9 9 * * .* U-M?« - * * 4 to ft to - - 9 . L AH-?!T7 - 4 . . . ■ - to to • • 9 -V AH to _ - - to ■ to to • * 1 AR-3155 - • • * * - to to • * * • * « ”1 AH-'*lt»5 - A.*> « 9 h m to - - • • ^ AH- >1 *5 - 9 to to to to • • * * • - to AH-312*. to ■ ft to * to • 1 * • * * *4 AS -311 5 to 2 . « * ■ . • ^ • g # 1 1 • "• AS-'MOJ - 3 • • • 1 - • - • 0 ® 9 9 • lj ah-?:;5 1 ~ • 4 m to to to to « ► to £ • y AR-? AH-3C2 J to • • • * - - - 0 • 2 • Ct-3‘^3 1 9 T 2 * 1 - • - • 1 ~ AS-2995 - 2 2 -. 1 1 to to • • y Ai-2975 - - 25 2C ? _ • to to « * • 1 • 2} AR-29*2 - 1 - - - ■ . - to to • q to 4 f 2 aH-2 -55 2 1 - - - 2 - • • 0 ** a 4 21 AH-295’ - - m 1 - • 3 AH-2 92? 2 -13! 2 1 to . to• • - * t AH-2&C-1 . . . m to- •• . 1 . A*-242? - **•44 - ' toto «*• 2 . AH-342? •* 1 • * 4 .M to to • • to» aH-*>*.? • 4 1 to 1 * • I 1 to to to • y 1 70AT-0001-H06 * * * « 4 L . 3 70AT-0001-«05 * » * * • 7OAT-OOOl-M04 * «. * * • 70AT-0001-H03 * • # 1 « * 70AT-0001-M02 • * * • • 7OAT-OOOl-K01 * • * # * • 230 040 041 12 ■« 000 110 270 1 2 TABLB 5. D 2 To T5I oT5 Hi5 553 555 ooc 210 012 Z'iO 143 2?3 1>6

&3 . 3B0rXQS3 AX. A*. A&» 4 % £. • 1 t ' _ •• «p * • * • • 2 • „ • • to * 1 a • _ m - . 1 * ** - 3 t . . * • * • -- - l •* • - i •* t * ** «• - 2 . . * « m * - - «■ • * • • 2 . • 2 . - • - - - 1 ■» to • to £ • *s 1- . . • # - w • • * # - 1* . * to - . i+ 1 . . 2 . * , 2 ) • • - . 2 - 2 2 . . ***** - 3 «» * •• • 2 . • ,- - to . 1 *• - • • ***** - 1 - l • to • * • . 2 1 « * '* - - 3 . . - a* - to 1 2 * • * ■ ■ * •* _ l . . • .***• • to to • • . ? to . U m1M 1 1 . I i * * 1 - - 3 1 1 • • • i * . t — - * * " # - m m - « •

» . 1 3 . 2 3 3 - 6 4 - p 1 • * • 1 1 k 5 * «» •r* 1 2 ■» «p 2 - « - 1 - 2 3 • •m s • > 20 1 - 2 - 16 5 l 13 l 3’ 8 1 - •* • - - ' ^ 1 • * *■ - *■ - • I i • * * ■ ■ « • 3 12 1.

TABLE 0. DX3migW«aL0f 9QBOWW 3atCIE3. SECTIOA At.- “#l " »***- .h* .. •» ' ‘ l>

o 5?o oio DJo 032 o55 SSI 090 053 0S7 031 ( te J& S — , P ^o jo ... V*>, q y IgL. gft> ffi,, ! * * * * * * * * • y * # *# * * * # « * • a 70 *j-oooi-kio * # « • * * 70*1-0001-U09 ► * • * * • 7Q*X-0001-*06 • 7QAT-0001-M07 ► «•**** *#* • 704T-0001-M06 ► * * ♦ * 704T-0001-N03 • * * 7Q*T-0001-H04 » * • • * 70AT-0001-H03 ******* ' * 70*T-0001-M02 !•«•«*##•#• • • _* 7 Q*T- 0QOi-K01 “TO— 122— 5 SE— 050—IBS— a PT" "1 r i — 1 3 5 — o&— 353— 5S5— 355 10 270 010 140 032 043 061 090 053 067 031 0*2

5- DISraiBUTXOll Of QOKQDOKT 3PECIS8. aBCTlUN AT. ,AT39*»3 Z a 3 m • 1 ——— * > U 3 < * 7 - - - -- *» - - - -• - - - -“ m ' AT39W - - - m * . ——• ------1 AT3951 1 - 2 » «■ m U3952 - - - m • 1 m --- «■-* - - • m „ — m - m w - m m • • .AI3936 2 - - 1 8 1 • f AT3936 - 1 8 -- —* - 2 M • U r 3961 - - 2 - 1 - 2 - •» AX3962 - - - m . _ —_ 1 --- - - • ■ AT3966 4 - 1 1 • ' AY3971 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 • AY3976 - - 2 1 1 1 * • * U t3 9 61 - - - * - 1 - - - 1 • * AT 3966 - ...... - . •A T3991 - 2 ----- 1 1 1 . AT 3 9 9 3 ...... 1 • AT3997 - - 1 - - 1 1 . AY8000 1 3 - 1 • * * AY^OOt *3 2 i A ' " 1 "oto ioc i6o 090 200 1J 0 170 1*0 110 161 oi8 i**2 036 0&3 080 !«» 015 152 O0> 186 Oil 150 210 012 230 193 233 W

TABLE 3* DISTRIBUTION OF OONQJONT SPEQI&S . SECTIONS XX*

110 181 08 fclO. 130 085 060 10° 1 6 0 2 1 0 0 1 2 013 0 8 1 ' 188 t Vi/W FA & '£-8008 68-i007 2 2 «# 1 • • « 2 • 2 » 1 • • • • 8 • • • 1 1 * • • 68-3006 2 66-3005 1 68-8008 1 1 • • • • •• 1 • 1 * 1 * • • • 3 .1 • -jt. * _ i— s— 64-7002 • 9 • 8 « 63-7001 m 1 • • • • • 1 • h 2 -1, * • • # • 4 . u . W -fcSR T 1 i.. • 1 1 i • 5 • 8 2 « • • • • * 1 . • 1 2 1 • • 70-6057 - * - • 3 - m • 7 3 18 - 8 1 «« • * 2 . • - 3 2 1 1 70-6083 _ 8 8 1 1 - 1 16 2 18 11 - 1 1 • • • 3 . • 2 9 2 3 - 70-6030 .. 3 8 • 3 1 - 8 11 8 7 2 7 5 1 « • • 1 .• 2 6 3 - 1 63-8022 2 3 - • 2 - - - 5 - 5 - - 2 - 1 2 , t . • 1 2 I 1 - - %» . 1 . 1 - - .70-6013 1 3 2 • 2 1 1 16 2 13 1 2 5 1 1 5 6 l •» 70-6016 _ 1 1 ■ 6 1 1 2 18 2 18 7 3 2 3 - 1 . 2 . 3 0 1 1 1 1 8 ''0-6906 11 9 3 > » 7 5 1 26 5 33 10 5 15 2 - 8 1 5 1 5 1 6 • V 4W m * t 66-6008 - I « 2 ** - 2 - - -- - • • • « ♦ 1 5 « r * * 8 6 • » » • • # • ■»9-*r,05_2 A 1 1 8 2 7 1 19 1 1 2 ? 1 4 h L ■ y g r " 010 -31 t 3 0 >70 1 At 160 210 015 081 110 161 0

TABLE 6 . DISTRIBUTION OF CONOPOBT aFSQIES. SECTION AT* 70AT-0001-H09 70AT-0001-H08 70AT-0001-807 70AT-0001-H06 7 OAT-OOOl -#05 70AT-0001-HOU 70AT-0001-M03 70AT-0001-M02 7QAT-00Q1-HQ1 230 555 o5i 122 01F OOP 110 270 010 140

TABLE 5* mS-mXBUTIl

110 93 *w yw i,sf 1 6610-0914 1 2 2 6810-0403 1 2 - 6810-0374 - - - 6610-0350 2 - - 6810-0333 - 6 1 6810-0319 1 6810-0296 - 6810-0283 - 6810-0257 - 6&0-02AO - 6810-0223 - 6 8 1 0 -0 2 0 6 1 6810-0173 - 6310-016* -

6810 - 0074 - 6810-0063 - 6810-0057 2

______U P- _ f l

TABLE 7. 5T5 ??o oTo I3o o52 0E3 351 o55 o55 55? 031 (WT p - ' * ' r . * * . f . ■w t * p * y . q » * y .■ * • • • « • • • * 7QAT-0001-A09 * lAiTjyVMJKfl7QA3V0001-M06 * « « TQAT-OOOl-MO? • » « 70*1-0001-1106 * * * * ' « * » ?**#** • • 7QAT-0001-M05 * * * * * * * 7QAT-0001-M04 * • * • « . * 7QAT-0001-H03 # * # * * TQAT-OOOl-HOe ###**** #*#*#*#** 7QAI-0Q01-M1 555 >55 oZTT 122 oT5 55o 155

TABLE 5- PISTRXBUT10M OF QCiWQPQET SPECIES. aSCTXVH AT.

110 032 OW 035 090 010 100 Oil 150 151 121

MBP M H ^ M i f * . 1 ? M l r M l l M f S M 6640-0614 1 2 2 2 2 . 5 1 - 12 . 11 5 3 7 9 3 1 2 . • • . 6 6 4 0 -0 4 0 3 12-3 - 2271426214. . . . 66AD-Q376 - - - 6640-0350 2 - - • « • 6340-0335 - 6 1 • • 6 3 4 0 -0 3 1 9 1 6640-0296 - 6640-0283 * 6640-0257 - 6640-02*0 - 6640-0223 - 6640-0206 1 6640-0173 - 6640-0164 -

$§3 3 K- 6640-007* - 6640-0063 * 6640-005? 2 000 031 158— JW 1 ij« " Ml— 5 0 — SiT 151—IjS W 110 032 OfcO <05 o*o 010 100 Ml 1 v > m m

TABLE 7 . niSIttlBU'flON OF OuWODOMT SPECIES. SECTXOK 4 0 * 031 010" 110 090 100 170 Oio 200 188 Oil 210 150 103 156

/ w 012

0 0 0 0 9 * • • • 9 0 * 9 9 9 9 9 0 9 0 9

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I • • 0 • • 9 9 9 9 0 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 * * 9 - 2 2 3 6 0 0 0 9 9 9 •• • • • 9 9 9 1 9 9 0 9 9 6 9 * 2 2 2 6 2 0 0 9 0 0 9 9 0 0 0 9 6 6 - 2 2 2 2 1 1 * 1 • • • • * * 9 9 9 9 9 9

0 9 * 9 0 9 • • 9 0 0 6 * 4 2 1 0 --•- • • • • * * 9 9 9 0 1 • ft 0 * 0 9 9 9 • | 0 r 9 9 6 8 - 2 2 0 5 1 -•- 0 0 m m m 0 ft f t * 9 9 9 9 0 0 9 • • I f • • * 9 9 6 9 - 2 1 9 9 2 1 9 0 0 - 0 1 m 2 1 0 • 1 0 0 9 • 9 9 0 9 0 9 9 6 9 - 2 1 9 7 9 0 9 9 9

--- m 1 - • • • * 0 9 9 • 0 9 0 9 9 0 9 0 9 6 8 - 2 1 9 7 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 - • # «• 0 0 • 9 9 9 9 9 9 6 9 - 2 1 5 9 - -- f 1 * “ 9k 9 9 * 9

m f t 0 ft * • 0 0 9 9 0 6 6 - 2 1 5 0 1 1 m - - 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 m • 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 9 6 8 - 2 1 3 8 -- am m - * 0 * * 9 9 0 0 9 9 9 9 m 0 9 0 0 9 9 • 9 9 9 6 9 - 2 1 3 0 2 1 --- • 0 • * 9 9 9 0 9 9 9 4 - 0 0 9 9 6 8 - 2 1 2 1 1 m - • • . 1 9 9 0 9 0 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 9 0 0 * # • • 2 0 2 9 0 0 9 0 9 9 6 9 - 2 1 1 0 • 1 3 1 -- 9 9 9 9 9 « i * • - 0 0 # * 6 6 - 2 1 0 2 - --- * • • * 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 9 0 0

♦ t 1 • 0 0 0 0 6 9 - 2 0 9 1 --- -- • # . - 9 9 9 9 0 9 0 9 0 9

• 0 ■ * 0 0 0 ft 6 8 - 2 0 6 6 m -- - # # # * 9 0 9 0 0 9 9 9 0 9

- m - 1 - * # # * 0 • 0 0 9 0 9 9 9 9 0 * 6 0 - 2 0 7 3 1 9 0 9 9

- - mm 1 1 . . . . . 1 9 9 0 0 0 0 9 * 0 0 6 9 - 2 0 6 9 2 1 * * • 3

---- - 0 0 * 9 0 0 f t 6 6 - 2 0 6 0 m * • » * 0 • 9 0 0 0 0 9 0 • . . - 0 9 9 0 0 f t 6 6 - 2 0 6 2 1 m m « • • * • * 0 9 0 • 0 9 . 0 * 0 ------# # ’ * " • I f . 0 * 9 9 0 9 9 0 9 6 9 4 0 3 r «•> • * * • 0 9 0 0 9 9 0 0 9 66-2053 2 -- - - m m • *** • • • « 0*0 6 6 - 2 0 6 6 1 - m --- #00* * ft ft ft 0 • - 9 9 0 9 0 9 0 0 0 -- --- *••• 0 0 * 9 9 9 0 9 0 9 6 8 - 2 0 3 7 - 0 ft 0 * • 0 • 0 0 * 6 9 - 2 0 3 0 ------0 • • * • * 0 9 9 9 0 9 0 9

68-2026 - 1 *■ -- mm • 9 • * • ■ * * . I 1 9 0 9 0 0 9 * - wm --- • * — • 9 0 9 9 0 9 0 0 6 6 - 2 0 1 3 1 ft 0 0 * a 0 * ft 69-2010 1 1 1 - - * 0 * * I I • • 9 9 9 0 9 9 ft* • 9 9 0 9 0 0 ft * 0 6 8 - 1 9 9 6 2 3 - 1 - - ft 0 0 I "III 0 ft # * • 9 9 0 0 0 9 0 • * 0 6 8 - 1 9 6 2 tm - 1 -- - 0 • •

-- - - « « • " * I • . • 2 * 9 9 9 9 0 9 0 * 0 6 9 - 1 9 8 1 3 1 ft ftft 9 m - m * • • I • * • 9 9 9 0 9 • 68-19661 1 - * 9 9 * 0 m * ft ft 0 0 9 9 9 0 0 0*0 6 8 - 1 9 5 0 - - 6 m - 1 1 • v 2 0 9 5 * 0 ^ - •m • • 1 • . . . 1 6 9 - 1 9 0 9 1 - 1 - • • • 0 0 1

tm • • • • • M * !*••• — 0*0 6 6 - 1 9 3 7 - & - — #00 • w ft # ft 0 0 ~ • ' 1 • . * . - 0*0 6 9 - 1 9 2 6 1 3 0 1 -- . . . 1 - “ • — #••• — 0*0 68- 19e 2 m 1 - - 1 0 0 0 * 3 * . • 9 9 V 0*0 6 9 - 1 9 0 0 ------• * • * • * 1 # • # — 9 9 9 • ^ 6 6 - 1 9 0 2 2 - «■-- - • * • • | * • - • - •- ■ • • • # # ■“ • ** 0 0 0 6 9 - 1 8 8 7 - 2 1 9 0 9 • -«••• —# * 0 6 6 - 1 8 6 6 ----- 9 9 9 * ■ • • * 0 0 ^ ft 0 am 0 * 1 •-••••• * 6 6 - 1 8 7 5 1 -1 -- m 9 * 0*0 . • - -••••- 0 0 6 6 - 1 9 6 2 1 1 1 1 - 9 * • * * 0 9 9 0 9 m • 4 3 5 0 * ft mm - - 7 i 9 9 9 9 •' " 1 . . . . 6 9 - 1 8 5 9 2 3 . . . «a *000 • — . • • • — 0*0 6 8 - 1 8 0 7 - 2 --- . . . l m • • # ^ 6 9 - 1 8 3 0 - 101- 2 . . . "9 ; ; z — . . 3 # av & - --- - • 0 0 * 6 8 - 1 6 3 2 2 0 m * - -- m m m * • • 3 “ 9 9 0 9 6 8 - 1 8 1 7 3 1 111 •% * • • 2" 9 2 9 6 9 - 1 6 0 9 - 6 9 2-- . . . 5 9 0 9 ■a m 6 6 - 1 8 0 1 -- 1# * • * * 0 9 9 # • ^ - — 0 9 9 9 ^ 6 9 -1 7 9 0 2 •• 6 -- - ..11 *09# 0 9 1 - - - • 0 * * 1 • • • 0 0 m 6 8 - 1 7 8 5 02 1 « am •V 0 9 9 0 m m * 6 9 - 1 7 7 0 1 mm 2 - - 0 • * * m 9 9 m “ •••••" 6 8 - 1 7 7 0 2 -- - # • * * • I • • A •fill* 0 0 0 m - am • • * * * 0 0 ft • 6 9 - 1 7 6 0 3 2 a* m • ft 00# 6 6 - 1 7 5 6 - 2 - • • * * * I * - i • 0 m 0 0 m * 7Q U -0151. • nu-Dtio. • 70 W -0 1*9 . • r o w - ooeo. • r o w -0075* • r o w -0071. • ro w - 0067 . • r o w - 0063* • r o w -0 0 5 9 . • ro w -0 0 3 % • 7 QW-00J 0 . • roAj-ooi»6. • row -oo<*2. * 70 W-0037 . • 70 W-003*. * r a w - 0032. • 70W -0031B m 70W-0031A ft r o w -0 0 30. • 70 W-0Q26. * 70 W-0Q2*. • 7 QW-0020. • 70W -0018. * 7 OAJ-O0J.7 . • 70 AJ-OO14. • 7 QW-0011. • 7 QW-0006. • 70 W-0007 . 1 7 CHJ-0005. * 70 W-0003. ft 7 aw -o o o i* • 70W -0000. • 7OLJ-9001 70 W -9002 Abu 70 W -9003 70 W-900* r o w -9006

TABLE 9* T ifl W ran*: • * • • • -0151. • • * * * -0150. • < • • • -0149 . *0060. -0075. -0071. •0067. -0063# -0039 . -0053. -0050. -00*6. -00<*2, -0037. -0034. -0032. -0031* • 4i m ulli (atitlfht 4 M llti)* -00314 • . 2 . . cm oh— t r m c tm a m , lMrtioulftte -0Q30. • • ** X • bnohltpidff •o»lM«Atitoi -0028. « # m • • 1 in ti ap±M *f a tril.bit*. -0024. • -0020. • -0018* • -0017. • -0014. • -0O11. • -0006. • 4 ^4 ^ a -0007. 1 1 4 . . -0005. -0003. —0001. -0000. • TFIaat naalui TtMM faim U i Tflah ipliM. -9001 -9002 Ataad&at -9003 DmnUfi -9004 MMdrtta r-9006

TABLE 9. PISTRIBOTIQN_OF QQNOQQWT aPBCIgg, SECTIOW AJ 6 9 -1 7 7 * 1 0 - z mm - w • — - —• 9 VV - -- 6 8 -1 7 7 0 2 6 9 -1 7 6 4 . 3 2 _ • _ • • 0 • 9 -- • • • 9 • 1 • 6 8 -1 7 5 6 6 9 -1 7 * 9 - . 1 1 - - • - 1 - • • • 9 -- — 9 9 9 • * • — 4 68-17*5 68-1737 69-173* 68-1727 68-1719 69-1715 •• . 2 1 1 68-1712 1 6 8 -1 7 1 0 * • - 2 3 -- * - - 2 4 « • 9 2 - - 9 0 9 • 1 * — 4 68-1705 68-1695 9 ** 9 2 69-1689 m • am . -- 4 m - Mi • • • 9 - 90 9 9 9 • "* • * • 66-1686 m . 2 3 69-1677 3 68-1677 m ♦ 1 - 1 - - • - m -•• • 9 - — - 9 0 9 • “ • “ 4 6 9 -1 6 6 6 1 , - 7 - m 1 9 - 2 a» - - - 9 9 9 . 1 9 * 4 68-1666 m m m ---- • - - - • 4 • 0 - -- 9 9 9 0 — 9 “ 4 69-165* , 1 1 68-165* 2 • ** --- • - - - • 9 • 9 - “ 9 9 9 • * 0 • * 68-16** • 7 * m 2 59-1636 • . * 6 2 9 * • 9 1 9 1 9 • 9 - - 1 9 9 9 * 3 0 • 4 58-1632 m * 4 ** 2 1 - 2 * - w • - - 9 • 9 - -- 9 9 9 • • 9 69-1629 - • - - 1 -- • m •» - - 9 • 9 - -- 9 9 9 • * 9 “ 4 6 8 -1 6 2 7 «■ , - 2 1 - 1 1 -- 2 mm 9 • 9 2 - - 9 0 • * • 9 • 4 68-1615 - * ^ 1 ------1 m • 9 mm -- 9 9 0 • • 9 ™ « 69-1610 2 • ------r - 9 • 9 - - - 9 9 9 • ** 0 “ 4 68-1609 m • - m m - ** -- - - - • 9 •* - - • 9 4 9 " 9 * 4 - am 69-151* 1 • — • 9 - — - 0 9 9 0 m 9 68-1593 m . 1 m -- 1 ------9 9 3 1 68-1579 • - - - mm m - 1 - - rnm • 1 -- — 9 9 9 f " 4 • X 69-1577 1 68-1569 - . 1 68-1562 1 69-15** » m 68-15** - . 1 2 1 -- - -— 1 - 1 • 1 - 1 — 9 9 9 4 * 4 69-1537 2 • - - - ** - - mm -- — •-- —— 9 9 9 9 ~' • — m 6 8 -1 5 2 8 *» . 1 -- m 1 m - - - - 9 - - —— 9 9 9 0 am 4 “ M 68-1515 1 . 3 1 1 m — 1 9 9 9 9 4 69-150* 1 2 2 3 3 «• I _ 1 _ 9 _ . 4* - 9 9 0 ' - • - * 68-1*99 - « - - - - 1 1 - m -- - 9 - m mm - 9 "9 9 • — 4 * 6 8 - 1*78 - g mm - - - - - Ml -- 0 - rnm - - 9 9 9 • «“ 9 ** M am m 9 ot m 69-1*73 2 • m - - - 1 1 - 9 1 - - — 9 * 9 9 • * *» — 0 9 • ** « 4M • 69-1*63 3 • m ------9 - - - 9 68 - 1*50 0 - — - 9 9 * • • 1 4 ™ « 69-1*32 68-1*28 - . 1 ------• — - — — 9 • * 9 " 4 mm m mm m 69 - 1*21 1 • 2 1 mm -- m -- - • rnm -- - ■ • 4 # * 4 m m 68-1*06 » , - - mm --- - - «■ -- • mrn 1 - - 9 9 0 ■ * • 6 9 - 1*02 1 . 2 4* ---- m •• -- • - mm - mm 9 W 9 • * • 6 8 -1 3 6 8 - . 1 - 1 - mm mi m» Ml mm - •- m - m 9 9 9 • " 69-1375 7 . 22 * 1* 15 9 mm - 6 6 am 2 1 - mm 3 1 1 . . . 1 4 2 « mm g 68-137* - , - - 1 m ------•- • “* 4 . 3 1 2 ------m --- 1 1 -- - 1 • * 2 : 69-1355 am a» 00 68-13*8 1 • 1 -- 1 mm m - - m ** - 2 m - 1 • — • 4 * *. • 2 -- - 1 2 1 ------1 * » mm 4 * 1 4 69-13*3 3 — W 69-1329 - . 5 - 1 2 mm 1 - m 1 - - - rnm - — am • 1 z 4 6 8 -1 3 2 8 - 1 -. - 1 ------«* - “— — m 9 mm • * m 4 69-1326 1 - - - * 1 ------—- - * * Mi • 1 m 4 68-1317 mm 1 5 2 * 2 1 1 4 68-1309 • - 4 1 4 - 2 * I " 1 . 1 2 m • 4 » 1 - - 3 - - - 2 - - - 2 - - 4 - - - - 1 - - - - 1 - - - 1 1 1 4r I ♦ 2 1 - 1 6840-0962 6840-0730 6840-0776 6 6940-0370 6940-0380 6840-0470 694C-0350 6940-0340 6840-0644 6840-0606 6840-0645 6940-0360 6840-0328 6940-0330 6840-0332 6840-0337 6940-0338 6840-0184 6840-0199 6840-0214 6940-0310 6840-0120 6840-0148 6840-0155 6840-0164 6840-0171 6840-0178 6840-0199 684C-020? 6840-0220 6940-0320 6840-0323 6840-0318 6840-0126 6840-0132 6840-0137 6840-0143 6840-0226 6840-0232 684C-0237 6840-0242 6840-0248 6840-0115 &C 0682 8 6 -0 900 0 010 000 2 2 1 m ------1 - - am 1 - - 1 - - - - am m 1 - • JL • • 3 0 3 02 5 032 053 012 030 > ar" gg ■ t a ■ g 'g " air d - • - 1 - « • - - - 1 - m ■ « • - - 6 - • • 010 14 2 2 1 3 1 - - - - 1 • 9 1 7 - 7 5 7 - 1 1 7 • 1 • 2 4 •1 2 2 ' • * - - - - 4 - - 3 8 - • - 4 - - 2 1 - 1 - - • 1 • • 140 iVo 2 2 2 3 2 4 3 6 1 - - 5 • • - - - • 2 2 8 - - - 1 - 7 1 • • rnm m - » • • ' • • • - 1 • • 040 040 TA * 7 • 6 - - mm mm «• m - - - - 1 • • tm - • 3 10 i£ 2 2 4 1 3 m

# • - • - - • 1 1 1 • 1 - •

a :

0 •bV'TO'ETap mocohoo j o NoixrmiBJSTa *ot aribvi

ooi Cor C»t C90 MO 020 Ctr X VdO oCt w OOI 110 OCZ I Co Z0> « T , y e , f r >, ,.« « ff» o n PCI o p - o * iCo, ^

i r n n * • - —— 1 1 — .—— —• * - - rnm mm • «. m •• -- • - , * - - - ft • ft • * ft 69-1*73 2 ft __ — m -- 1 1 - • • 1 -- - • ft • ft * • ft ft 69*1*63 3 • m - - - - • • • ; m • am 1 ft - • m • * • ' ft • m mm m f — — ft •* • m • - mm - -- - • - - • • • ft ** — • 1 69-1*21 1 • 2 m 1 mm • • «• - - - m - mm - - • 4 - 1 — « ft • • ft ** m - 1 ft 2 • —- - m - - - • ft - - -•• # ft • ft m . - mm 0 • 68-1386 1 1 _ ••• * . • - - - • ft • ft • * mm «• - • • ft 1 ft 2 69-1375 7 • 22 * 1* 15 9 - - 6 6 2 . 1 - 3 1 1 m _ mm • — mm Q • m • • • 68-137* 1 - ——- * ft ft m mm . ft 1 2 • . - • - • - - 1 1 - 1 - 2 69-1355 3 mm - mm m 1 4ft ft ft 68-13*8 1 • 1 •• 1 - - - - • - 2 - • • • m * - - ft * 1 ft 69-13*3 * 2 3 __ 1 2 1 - - • - - - - 1 » - « •» -- 1 A -- - - - * - ft 1 2 ft 69-1329 * 1 2 1 - . - 68-1328 1 * 1 . • ------■ - - —mm m mm mm “ • ™ ft m ------• - - - -- — ft 1 * ft 69-1326 1 1 1 4 68-1317 - 1 5 2 * 2 1 68-1309 ft 69-1302 * 1 1 • _ - mm - - - , ------ft 68-129* • 2 .• — « 1 1 1 ft 69-1286 6 2 ft 69-1277 Z _ 1 •• _ • ------m f - ———- —• mm « ft 68-1277 - 1 •* - 1 - - ———* * 1 ft 69-1266 2 2 • 1 -- - - • -—*■— 4ft ^ 69-1259 .*• - - 4W- -- - • - - - ■ - • * m m m - mm* £ 66-4255 * 2 • _ .- 2 ------68-12*6 _ 2 • 2 3 mm - ftft m - - 2 . 2 * 5 2 - 1 1 1 . 1 « 1 2 • mm mm - - - - • - mr - - 1 1 ft • m _ • mm _ 1 • 1 ftft -- - - ** A 1 - - • • 69-1238 3 1 1 m • ------• - - - 3 • 68-1236 1 2 - 3 1 ------1 . - 1 1 • 69-1230 1 1 3 «* 1 - ---- 1 - 1 1 1 • • - 2 • ------1 • ft • • - 1 a t - - 1 - -- - • -- m --- - - 1 2 • 2 - - - - 68-11*0 1 - 1 68-1120 1 1 2 1 . 68-1102 - I 3 - - - - 68-1063 68- (062 - 1 - - TABLE* 8. DIS'ffllBlffJOH OF CONUDQMT SPS^IS SE-10** * * - 3 - - 68-1020 . 1 1 - - 3 68-0995 - - - 1 1 S8-0975 1 68-0963 12 68-0952 12 >8-0913 000 100 oSo 130 2*5c 1S0 i*S o55 150 012 tJi 2oe 090 160 031 O i O 110 036 1*4 17.Q. 0?* 209 ,ij® .QU.„j?iO 15* 1*3 _I5£ H s lb s 1 to 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1* t • #-* 1 1 I I I 1 1 I 1 1 •i i Is © O' • • *• 1 1 t 1 t 1 1 1 i! i M O' K • >■* 1 t 1 1 • 1 1 1 i! t ►* s N> s» *1 3

-J *

■r *■ * %

m m

*-i I VA*’ I I I i v* I o* ►* ►* *-» 5 ►• I M ►* M ♦■h NIm n £ I >0*0 ON 100 8 ►* ■£"•-» I ~N» >o • O' o * * * OJ *-»*■»**» i rovn^* I I W • • O ip [feVX TA«?I£ 10. DISTRIBUTION OF COKOOpHY at^UHCS. SSL'TlON AS.

130 010 031 090 140 280 020 183 062 0*0 060 ) 121 184 • • • 1 2 2 . . . . 2 1 1 - 4 5 . . 2 . • l a * m * a a ■! ■ 0-19 3 1 9 9 1 1 1 . . 1 . . • • • 1 - • 5-9 4 - 3 1 - - 1 . . . . 1 1 , . r i - 9 - i i 5 - - m • . - i . 1 . 10 . 95-22-99 *3 5-33. --1-1 72-27 - 90 9 3 - A - . - - 1 2 . -S44--6-.21 H - r - f -1 4 - - - - -1 14 3 - 3 4 - - - - .t 11-713-2233. 4 -4 3 2 3 2 1 . 1 1 4 ^ ----- B— 55— 6£ " «6— iTo — m — m m m — m — i w 130 010 031 090 140 2®0 020 183 062 040 040

11. DISTRIBUTION OF CQNODONT SFBCiaS. SECTIONS AL. AH. 060 330 010 342 233 233 238 026 150 090 416 ISO I 000 350 100 — 13.0 230 .4*0 236 232 140 161 413 015 170

# 7 6 3170 2 * * 3165 - 1 « - 1 3160 1 - « - 1 1 • • 3155 ma - • --- 31*5 - 1 •-- - 1 8 3135 1 • - - - - - 3125 - - • -- - - - 3115 - - • 5 - 3 1 • . (5405 p <#5 2 1 - 5 o65 3 2 ♦ 2 1 1 1 . 1 7 - m 13075 2 1 • 1 - - . 2 • ♦ • • • • - - 1 . » • • - - - 3065 2 1 • - 5 - - • • ♦ • • • 1 . 2 - * • ft • • • m m 3055 2 - • -- - 1 - • m * • t « * * - - ™ ft • * • • - 3050 18 1 • 5 1 30*5 5 1 » 2 30*0 3035 2 - • 1 4 -- . 2 • « ft « ** • 2 - * * • ft • * - . 3031 4 - • 1 1 - - . 1 1 . . . 2 - “ • • • • ^ - 2670 12665 2660 2655 12650 26*0 BARREN 2630 2620 2610 2600 2590 2580 PT^MT RK'rfATMS ...... 2570 2560 2550 25*0 -- • - 3 1 1 1 3 - 2530 2520 • 1 • » - m am m ♦ • * • • - ■* • » » • “■ - 2510 - m • m • 1 1 1 - 1 2500 - 1 1 . (2*90 2 «■ « m «■ 1 - - 1 * * ft * ™ • - - • « . 1 » |2480 *2*70 - • 1 1 . 2*60 0 * 5 0 1 2 - • 24*0 1 - • - - - 1 - — • • • • • ft - - 1 . t**30 * • - - •

2420 - -- * -• m m ma m ft * • ** • • 2410 3 - am . m - • m * • • * * - 1 1 1 • 2405 1 - - m 1 - - - • * • * « * 1 . 53400- — —— ------—

• 12399 « 2395 2391 * • • • - 1 • 2387 • ■ 2380 - m - • - - wt - . ™ • 2379 3 -- - 1 -- 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 . 2375 --- 1 1 - m - - ft U4 ii-.i 149 231 .331 010 012 0)1 001 1 0 0 \*Xt UK? 1 3 0 013 170 066 332 142 000 029 032 <*5 080 1 • • ft ft ft ft ft ft l ft ft • ft ft ft • • r ft ft ft • ft 1 ft ft • • * ft 1195 ft ft ft 1185 - # ft ft ft • • ft ft • * # *• ** • • ft ft ft 1 • ft 4 1 1175 - •• • • ft ft « • t ft • ft • « - 1 • ft ft ft ft I 7 1165 3 2 • ft ft ft * » * - 2 5 ft • ■ - •ft ft ft ft ft ft ft * ft 1156 1 - ft • * 1 . . 1 - a* - 1 • ft am 1 8 ft ft ft • 1 • 1145 1 - ft ft . 1 . . 1 1 - 1 a m • • • ■“ "* ■■ ft ft m ft 1135 3 - • ft 9 . 1 - 1 -- • • 1 * * *• ft ft am ft • 4 1129 1 - ft ft — ft ft ** _ • • - • ft • ft 1 ft ♦ * * *• 5 1110 1 ft • . 2 . . 2 2 am - 2 ft • * «• ** • «* * ft • 1105 - ft ft m _ 1 •• a 1 1 If — ft ft 1095 3 - ft ft * * • . 1 - - - • • - m * * ft m 12 1 ft 6 3 107*1 t • ft . 1 am « ■ - • - • 1 — 3 1 ■ ’ 1068 - 4 • ft • - • *• « * . 3 1 3 • • • ft • 1 • 1066 -- ft ft . - . _ 2 1 •• • — — ft ■* *• « t( '‘ 5 2 - ft ft • “ , 1 * a — 15 a m am 3 1 1 ? • 1045 3 1 ft 1 , . 1 * —_ • • • — # 1033 2 ■ ft - . - . . 1 1 - -- • • - ** ■"* * l • 102* 3 i • 1013 3 - ft - . 2 . . 1 1 - — 1 • • _ •w am m * 2 ft 1005 1 - ft - . 1 . . 1 - - - ft* • • - 0995 *» * ft - - * -- -- • # - ** ** ^ am * • 0975 - - ft - . 1 . , _ - -- l • • 1 0965 1 - ft - • - * • - - ft* _ - « ft - 0955 ** - ft . 1 , . 1 2 --- • • - 0945 J925 2 - * - . 1 . • 1 3 - 1 - # • 2 W 2 2 ft - • . 1 - - - ft • 1 0910 - - ft - ft "" ft ,-•- - « * - 0900 1 - - «• • « - 0895 1 . ft - • “ ft ,- • - _ • » - « 0885 2 - • 1 r - • . 3 am -- • • - 0875 -- ft - . 7 . 0 am 4 - - 1 • ft - 0870 am - ft - , - . . —* ■ft - • • - 2 - • - . 1 . . ft* - - *» 0855 1 1 • ft — * • 0945 - - ft - ft m ft . - _ - - a • « - 1 • 0835 - 1 ft - . 3 . . 1 - • 1 • • • 3 — — ft 0325 1 ft 0795 1 - • - ■ - • , - _-- - « • - ** - 1 ft 0?84 1 - ft - . 2 . . 1 . 1 - 1 • ft _ 1 1 . 0775 -- ft - . 1 . . 1 ~ 3 - - . 1 - • 0765 3 1 ft - . 9 . _ mm - - 1 1 . - 0760 3 - ft 1 . 27 . ,-- 3 3 . - 0750 - 1 ft - • * • . 1 - «* m - .- •» 0745 9 ft - 1171 . • 25 13 2 5 11 . 6 2 0735 - 7 ft 11 . 4 6 V 6 12 . 3 3 0725 1 2 ft 2 . 3 1 -- 1 . 1 - z - k * 0715 -- ft - . 1 1 -- 1 . - - 0705 - 9 1 - 9 : . 9 6 - - 5 . - 0695 am - - - 0 - -- ■* - • O690 - 1 am *» - m . _ m —- • 1 . • 0674 - 3 - - . 2 1 - -* - , - 0655 3 - - - - z , • -- - - , - - 0645 5 1 1 . . 1 1 —“ 1 — 0635 m t 0 tm ' 0625 • - mm - _ 0 — . 0615 1 - «• 1 • * * 0 m • ft* - , * _ 0606 • 2 • • • « * 0595 - - - - 1 * ■ . * - - - 1 _ <** - 0565 •-rr-izyir - • ' :’;•/ ;* rt "*«r* ■*—f.-rr E vT/’S " , * * • »■* '* •-•. * •■: i ••'* ‘ . r , , ' • J 1 »... -’’ ■ • • ^ v” ; ’ «l

>>1 U b l 100 1*0 (K7 150 150 050 o m i 062 15* 141 u ty 056 140 tOo 045 QgO 110 OH 090 035 Q20 230 052 121 185 021 410 170 160 200

• 2 ft # ft • • I * ft ft • ft • * ft - m ft • • 9 . ft ft ft ft ft ft • • 1 ft • ft ft • “ ft • ft ft ft ft • • - 2 5 ft ft . - • ft ft ft ft ft • 1 - - - 1 . . ft ft ft • • ft ft 1 1 1 - m ■ • ft *m • ft ft ♦ ft ft • 1 •*» 1 - - . ♦ 1 * • ft* ft ft ft • _ ~ • * - - . •' - ft • ft ft ft ft ft 2 2 -- 2 . . - • ft * ft ft ft • 2 2 - 1 - - - ■■ ft ft ft ft ft ft • 1 1 -- , . - • • ft ft • ft • 1 --- - . ft •* ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 3 1 -- 3 . » - ■ ft ft ft ft ft • 1 1 - - 2 1 - -. ft ft ft ft • ft ft 1 m - - - • • ft ft ft ft ft ft • - 1 1 1 9 -- . , • ft ft ft ft ft - - 1 1 1 4m - - . . - • • ft ft ft ft • - 2 -- - . . - • ft ft ft ft ft ft 1 1 - - 1 . . - ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 2 1 1 - -- - • » 1 . . • ft ft ft - - - - - . . - 2 . . • ft • ft - - - - 1 . . 1 ft ft ft « - - - • • . > • ft ft • • 1 2 - - - • . - - . « ft •« - 1 -- i . ,. ft ft • • 1 3 - 1 - . . 2 ft ft • • - i - . . 1 ft ft ft ft a* -- •• - . . ft ft ft ft 1 l - tm «» 0 • - . . ft ft ft # - - - - - .. . • a. « ft ft ft ft - 3 - - , , . , , ft ft ft • - 4 -- 1 . ft «* - . ft ft ft » -- - - • , ft ft ft ft - 1 - 1 - . , - - • • ft ft ft • - m m - » _ . - • . ft ft ft • 1 * - 1 - . . - - • • ft ft ft ft - - - - - • • 1 . . ft ft ft ft - m* — • • • «■ “ • « ft ft ft • 1 - 1 - 1 . , ^ ft ft ft • ft ft 1 3 - - . I - * ft ft ft ft ft ft --- 1 1 . - - * ft ft ft ft ft - - - 3 3 . - - 1 ft ft ft ft ft ft 1 - - - *• i - - ** ft ft ft • ft • Z> 13 2 5 11 • b 2 7 • ■ ft ft 1 1 10 * t> 6 y b 12 . 3 3 3 . . . 6 14 - 3 5 2 3 1 - «* 1 . 1 - 1 . . . 31 1 2 3 1 1 - ■a 1 - - 1 1 . . 2 4 1 9 6 - - 5 . - - • w 1 . 2 9 • - - -- • - - •• • t . 1 16 • 2 1 a* -- - • « - - - • • # - — • 1 1 - - 1 . m m 1 *■ « . 1 2 • - m - - * - - • ft * # 9 ft m m - m ft* Q - m m ^ ft * m ft 2360 2379 3 - - - 1 - - 1 1 2 1 2373 - - - 1 1 - - - 2370 1------2365 2363 2360 2356 2355 2 |2350 2 - - 1 - - 2 1 2365 1 1 2363 1 2360 \ - . . - - 2335 - - - X - 1 23*9 2325 - - - - i ! 2326 » • - i % TABUS 12. PI STB 1BUTlUN OF CO NU PONT SPECIES. ShCTlOH 23*0 2315 2313 2 - • 2310 - - 1 §306 §303 2 1 1 £220 086 ' 336 ... W 'gB—5SS—W ~ 596““ W5— ITo 1S9 23 000 350 100 J 3 « 230 460 236. 232 .140 161 413 015 170 068

010 033 152 100 200 140 090 150 143 144 065 186 210 31

,000 Oil 031 8 O 099 14* 130 J7Q_ 1ft 012 : 156 $01 160 1975 J 4 I ft . . 3 4 1 1 1 i ft ft ft ft ft • ft 1970 3 - a» # • - 1 «• . •• ft ft ft ft • . 1 1965 1 1 - • • • 1 4 - - • m ft ft ft ft ft • - I960 m • •a g • --- m ft * ft ft ft . - 1955 - - ft. 4 • ■ ™ • m -- - • • ft ft ft . 1950 1 - 1 . • . 2 * - - 4 m 1 ft ft ft ft • • - 1965 A * 1 . • • - • 1 - I m - ft • ft ft ft • - I960 ' - 5 1 , . . . 3 • * 6 -- 1 0 ft ft ft ft ft • - 1935 - 1 1 • • ft * 1 1 .3 4 1 1 • ft ft ft ft ft • - 1930 • ' ft* • . • . 1 at - 3 2 -- • ft * ft ft ft * - 19*5 1 • - , . • - - • 1 1 - - • V ft ft ft ft • - 1920 m • 1 . • * * 1 • - -- - ft ft ft ft ft ft ^ * 1915 £ - m 0 * • - 4ft - 1 m - ft ft ft ft • ft • - 1910 1 ft* - . • . 1 1 - - m - ft ft ft ft ft ft * 1 1905 m 2 . . . 1 - 1 . - - m - ft ft ft ft ft ft * - 1*95 6 5 1 . . . 2 - t -- 4 - 1 1 . . 1 . . 2 1*05 2 1 2 . 0 ft m m m 1 - 2 4* • t • - • * 1*75 1 • «* ^ • • - - - - m 1 - at - ft ft 2 . . 1055 • 1 ** 0 • . 2 3 2 2 1 1 3 2 k • ft m q • 1665 • - « • , , • 3 1 - 2 - 2 2 4 ft 1 2 . • - 1635 3 5 1 • . . 5 3 6 1 at 1 - 2 1 f t * - • • 1 1625 m «■ - . * ft m -- -- • • ** ft ft - • . 1 1615 *- •» 4 . . 2 -- - 2 1 - - ■a ^ ^ 5 . . 1 1805 m 1 • • . 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 - ^ ft ft - . . • - 1795 m • - • • • - m 1 --- - • ft ft - • • - 17«5 m m - , • . m 1 m * 1 -- • ft ft - • * 1775 1770 m • « - — - - m - m " ft • - • , 1 tsmatmoN or conodont areciES. shctiuh ah. ABLE 13. DISTRIBUTION 'OF CUNODOMT SPECIES. 3SCT1QH AK.

010 3i7 68d £ 3 0 100 Ofc3 1 ^ 0 110 000 oil 020 130 090 071 022 140 7QAF-0796. 1 . 9 • • * < « • • * t • • • t 7aiP-0760. - , •• * • • • • • I t • I • 7CAP-0730. «► A • • • • # # • • * • « • • • 70AP-0720. • & i ih9 • • • • • • • • » « 1 9 9 9 - , 413 HO 70AP-0710. • •• • • • • 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 7QAP-0700. ^ - « 2 . ;■ 9 « 9 * • « • 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 1 . 1 - 2 ? 7QAF-0612. 1 . 9 • 9 • 9 9 • 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 7C1AP-061QB «p 2 . - - ^ 2 • 9 • 9 • • 9 9 9 9 «r 1 * 7GAP-06lQd ** A 3 l' * • 1 * 1 12., . 2 2 7QAI-0605B - 5 2 11 2 2 3 . 3 5 2 1 1 1 6 . 7OU-06O5A u 1 2 X 1 5. 2 1 2 . 2 • f * • • * 000 o il 020 130 090 071 o il W - 3 - 010 PR. oeo .230 ...ASP. ..2 9 3 ,J L5P U P ! * * * ! - - - i - - - TABLE 15. DISTRIBUTION .OF 0CNODQNT 3£ECHS.y S&iXIQN AP.» 1775 •» - • m • «■ • - to 9 m m 6 * 9 - 9 “ 9 . 9 9 # - 1770 to * - • • • -- •• «* • • - 6 - 9 - • • 9 9 9 9 1 to* to l ’* 5 •* •« ••« -- • - • - 1 • - • -• - • 9 I 9 # 1700 • • to • 6 • - m • - to* • -- § - 9 - i - • 9 9 9 - •* 1755 to m to ••• - - * - 1 • - - 9 9 - 9 “ 9 9 9 9 - 1750 - to • 0 • - 3 • - to* 6 - - 6 - 9 • 2 9 • - 9 9 - 17*5 1 2 2 • 0 • 1 6 • m 5 • 1 1 • 1 9 1 9 1 9 • - 9 9 - 1700 m 13 1 • * • 3 9 • 6 6 •- 1 9 3 • 1 9 - 9 . 3 9 9 5 1735 to 90 * t • —- • - - • -- 9 - 9 to 9 - 9 9 ** 9 9 - 1730 * m • • • 6 m - 9 - - • 1 9 - 9 - 9 - 9 • - • 9 - 17*5 S 1 - • • • 3 - • 1 - 6 - - 9 - •- 9 - 9 • 9 9 - 1705 t 2 • • • m - • - •* 6 «* - • - 1 1 9 1 9 • 9 9 1 1700 to 2 . * • * 6 - • 1 - 0 «■ 2 • •to -- • - 9 . 1 9 # 1 1095 to 3 3 • 0 2 3 6 2 7 • 6 2 - - to 9 1 6 • - 9 9 1 1670 * 1 • • 0 2 2 • 3 - • 2 1 • 3 -- 9 - 9 • 9 9 to 1600 «• m 0 • O • 3 * *• 1 • -- • 1 to* - 9 - 9 • - * 9 to 1605 3 9 2 • 6 • 5 12 0 1 6 • 3 2 • 3 3 1 9 - 9 • 2 9 • - 1600 m 6 ■» 0 6 • 1 6 • 1 5 • 1 - 9 1 -- 9 1 6 * to 9 9 - to* 1675 * ■to • 6 • • •• 1 • - ■■ « -- 9 *• - 9 - 9 • ** 9 9 - 16?6 - - ■ « • • 3 2 • 2 - 0 - 1 9 - “ - 1 - 9 . 3 • 9 - 1670 <• . • • • - 1 9 1 •• • -- • -- --- • • •• - to 1 * _ 3 - f - • 1 - • m m to - 9 . 6 m 15*0 to to 1515 - 1 - • t * 3 1 • 1 - • - - 1 to* - to • • * ■ 9 1 1510 _ m • • 0 6 to* - • to - • - «* - -- • to 9 • • ♦ • “ - 1505 2 6 1 1 • • 6 - 9 1* • - 2 2 -- - 9 9 0 • - to 1*05 1 1 - • • m - • 2 - 1 - - 1 - - “ - 9 • - •• - to 1675 m to • «• m 0 m - • 1 -- -- - to* - “- • . - 9 ■ - 1665 \ m . . to • - - to ------to - t - - H a m m • -* • - - 9 - 1 - - «• - to - - 9 9 ** 9 9 - 1206 3 9 . m ■to 1 9 - • f 1 5 2 3 - 7 -- 1 1 9 • • 9 - to 1275 - 2 •to 9 - « 16 2 1 2 6 5 6 - 1 1 3 9 2 - 4 • ,1*63 1 2 -- m - 3 - • 3 - 3 - 1 - 2 - - - - • - - 9 9 to 1*55 2 m - - to - 6 - 9 6 ------• - - 9 9 - 'l2 6 9 1 1 6 • - 0 - • • 1 3 - 2 1 - - £ •» • - - 9 9 1265 • m - ■> to - -- • - ■ - - » to* - •• - - to 9 — - « ■ - 1260 • 2 to . 1 - • - - - - 1 •to --- to - 9 - - 9 • - to 1*35 I * - - • 1 t - to 3 -- to 1 1 - - - 9 - 1 9 ■ - 1225 1215 . 2 - - 2 - 1 • to - 3 - - 1 - - - - “ • - 1 9 * 1 1205 to m -- m - 1 - • «• - - m - - - - 1 - 9 - •* 1 (1195 9 ■ — to* *• 1185 - m - m to m - - to - - - — “- m •“ • ** “ •* 1100 1 • to* to 6 m ■ 2 * 3 m 3 -- * - to ~ 9 " • * * to - U 7 5 6 m - * to - 3 - • 1 -- - 1 - 1 - - - 9 -•• 1170 7 27 10 5 10 2 U 7 6 6 - - 11 9 - - 2 - 9 1 6 72 1 3 8 - to 1165 m - to • - to - m 6 6 --- 1 ------— • 9 toto to to 1166 1 9 2 2 - 6 - 3 1 1 - 1 to* - - 6 “ - 1 1 9 m - - - - * 9 115* 2 3 - to m 1 to 6 ------" • - - 1 - - to 9 1156 ■to 2 .5 •to • 6 3 - 2 1 - 2 2 - 5 - 2 • II 6 7 w 1 to to •to - - 1 - 1 ------— to * • - * 9 UJO m * • - •» 2 4 - 1 3 - 2 3 - - - - - — - - - 9 •to to to ** to 1110 m •* a* -• m - -- • • - •• -- - - ~ • to to to 1110 > * m . to. to* m _- 2 - m - - - -- • “ - - «“ • toto to 1 to 9 1101 11 a 2 m •to • 5 - 1 2 1 - 2 1 1 2 - - 1 1 6 m 0 m •to 2 U 3 6 7 2 - 6 5 3 1 - • • 5 * - 1 3 1 • t o o l 1 m 1 m m •» m 6 6 6 1 - 1 1 - 2 1 • * - 2 1 9 1010 to m ■p m 1 to m - 1 6 6 «* - 1 — m • • 2 9 9 * 1070 3 5 to 1 070 1 1 to* m - 6 2 •to 1 - 1 - •* * • 3 1 3 to to to m _ to m 1 • m m • - m 1 1 ** , * 1 . 6 to 1 lB r 1 2 to m to } * m 2 l to - 1 - ■ ” to a* to to 1 to 0 W o i w T"" m m m m «• - I i n t 4 ■ 1 2 1 * to to 9 • • !►* i i ' ♦ »*Vo ►* o< I C I ■ I I I i i

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TABUS 16. DISIBIBUTIUK OF CukiDOHT SPECIES. 5BCTIUW AO.

m — m —iwr' to—r# "«5— to 53s 000 031 110 010 100 o n 170 — HA— 2JS— • ft • • AJ-1205 . . 2 1 • • 1 J. » ♦ JL JW- j am -o68o . 513 440 AI-0665 • 141 149 34,3 AH-0C5O • • • - AI-0840 3 1 2 1 1 1 4 I 1 6 4 1 2 1 AI-0630 - 1 1-0620 1-0610 - 1 1 ------1 11-0600 1-0790 1-0780 *-0770 *-0?60 *-0750 - - 1 - 1 2 - - - - 1 *-0741 *-0735 1-0730 *-0720 2-13-112-- 1 3 *-O?10 *-0700 M-0690 *-0660 H-0670 A*-o645 1 1 *-0640 1-0630 *-0600 — • *-0590 1 . *-0580 *-0570 *-0560 i-o s s o ~ 1505 2 4 1 4 - .-22 1485 1 1 * 2 - 1 - - 1 1475 - . - J -

8 S 4 - 5 - r 1 1*84 3 9 - - - t 9 1 1 5 2 - 7 - 1 1 1275 - 5 - 2 3- 9 14 1 2 5 6 1 1 3 2 .1243 1 2 3 3 3 - 2 U 53 2 - 4 4 ’1249 1 9 6 - - o - 4 I J - 1245 1240 1235 1 * - - - 1 1 - 3 - - - 1 ...... - 1 1225 1215 - 2 - - 2 - 1 - - 3 - - - 1 1205 1193 ------1 - 1105 - - - 1180 1 3 - -2*4 2 - 3 - 1175 4 - - . . . 3 1 - 1 . . . - 1170 7 27 10 5 18 2 U 7 3 6 6 - - I 9 - - 2 - 9 1 4 72 1 3 1165 3 4 4 I-.-.--. --. 1164 9 2 2 1 - 6 - 1. 3 1 1 - — — — — * 6 - — 1 — 1 1158 2 3 1 4 11 2 5 4 3 - 2 1 - 2 — 5--2-1--- — 11 1 1 - 1 11 - 1 - 2 4 - 1 3-2 1128 m 1118 > . - 2 1148 11 2 . . - 5 1 2 1 - 2 12 1 - 1 1808 4 — 0 - - 2 11 6 7 2 - 4 31 5 - 1 3 1688 * 1 » - - - 4 4 4 1 - 1 2 1 - - 1 - 2 1 1878 3 ■V «i 1 - - 3 1 4 4 - - 2 9 1870 J 1 1 I - 3 6 2 - 1 . 1 ...... 1 W#J 6 - - 1 z ... 3 » - . — - - 1 1 • & f - H - * ." " 1 r~- m m - 2 2 - 3 -1-2 m % 1 - 2 8*1.2 2 2 4 TABLE 14 I - J r 2 - - 44 2 - 3 3 2 3 f*7.2-*-3-4 2 1 1 3 2 1 0088 4*613-3931* 1 5 3 2 1 2 I . 0006 r X 1. . 8 - - 8 ' - 3 - - 1

A ri-J «sHTO“ tnfr m— rrr t s t z— m — m — i 0(0 Of 8 roo ^ 0 0 144 490 ISZ> !<*■' U''0 lt>6 210 TABLE 14. DISTRIBUTION OF* CONODONT SPECIES. SECTION At. V A m — 1 U ' TSSS —I3T-TO- rsr-m 88 ooo wt 110 oto 100 ot> m lift— 219 — Att-ms • • AM-1205 1 1 . 1 X i x £ 9 * AM-0680 "1*13 AM-0665 L ii*9 W AM-0650 9 AM-0040 3 1 2 1 1 1 4 1 17 6 4 1 AM-0630 - 1 AM-0620 AM-0610 AM-0600 AM-0790 AM-0780 AM-0770 AM-O76O AM-0750 - 1 2 - - - 2 - 1 AM-07^1 AM-0735 AM-0730 AM-0720 2 -13-112--213 AM-0710 AM-0700 AM-0690 AM-0600 AM-0670 • 4 AM-0645 1 1 . AM-0640 4 AM-0630 1- - - l - - - AM-0600 AM-0590 ------1 . AM-0580 ------. AM-0570 ...... AM-0560 ------1 • AM-0550 ...... AM-0540 ...... - • Aa-052?^ T55 5H 175 T55 355 ______012 071 140 060 150 143 1 3 0 021 230

TABLE 17. DldiRIDMTILM OF C0N0JX*MT SHKCUSS, SBOmiH AM. O il 010 0)1 0*0 04*5 000 100 150 051 270 1*6 05) tM 2ff

* 9 - 9 o e • •• TV./ » * . . 7 • r 0 T a a a a • a a • • * 4 « 1 • a % I - a 2 a a a a **- 902 2 1 • • « J) 5 a a a a • a 997 m ftft I 10 . • • • « . . 6 5 a 10 3 6 « a a a a a a 5 a *>*- » 9 7 — 2 a» 1 • . * • * * . 9 3 k 2 - 4 a a a a * a a • • • |6 9 - 4 9 2 m m mm * * • 0 0 • * . . t 2 u - m - * a * a ** (60- 892 — - 2 - • • • « • * . ? - - - 6 a j o a a * a a a ** b ;«»8 - 0 9 0 - - 1 ? . . . a a . • 2 2 5 3 - a a a a 8 0 8 - «■ - 5 . . . • • • • 6 2 2 2 - a a • a 3 a • • 0 fc’*“ »5 6 9 * 884* - 1 - 1 * 0 * • a • • P - 9 3 ? a a a a a • a m a [6®** 8 0 6 - * 1 ♦ • a • a a . • 2 -I - - 1 a a a ■ * # a t * * « 7 9 1 «a - « 1 1 g a a . . 1 t a 3 - 1 t a l a jo n * 87V m - - • • a a a * . 3 - 3 - - - • a a a 1 a • a ** a rty*i --- a 0 O a a a a " mm 2 •» m a a a 16*- 876 -- m a a « . - - 2 - - - a a ^4 ^ •6*- 96? - - - • • • a a . . l ~ - - - - a a * a •* - m w M- 861 3 • • • a a . . 1 2 -- a a a « - a a a * a :iip* 8 V - 1 • — • • * a a a a “ m -- m - a a a a - a a a ^4 ^ <69- 861 m - • . • a a • - 2 - - 1 a • a • 68 - 8 3 1 -- - ^ a a * a a . . 1 - 1 2 - 1 t a a a 1 « a a ^ a M- 8 2 6 -- - 1 . . . a a . . 1 2 -- - a a a 68 - 8 1 b -* - 1 . . • a a . • 1 4t> ---- a a 44 ^ M- 806 1 - ■* " a a a a a ♦ a m - -- - - a • a a * • * . - • r^ _ 801 - 1 ■* " a a a a a • . u - - - - • a • • 1 * . . - . r,**- 7V t 2 - t . . . a a • . v m 1 - - 4B * • a a 2 » • - • o a - - -- - • • , 9 a • . 2 2 2 l * - a a a * * a '.W- ??6 - - • • • a a • a «* - - - - .***-. * - • bH - 7 6 5 2 • * • • ~ * • 4 * ft M- ? 5 8 --- 1 . . . * a • . - - ! a a a a * a a 4 ** a r*f<- 7 5 3 - -- 1 . . . a a . . 'y - 1 - - a a a • “ * • • 4 • b i : - 7 6 6 - * - 2 * g t a a . . 2 • I _ - * a a . 1 - g a * * a ' M - ■'19 •» - a * a a a . . 6 - 2 - a a a ■ “ a • a ** a M- 7 3 3 - * . a a a a a • * - •_ . 1 • « a a ■* a 4 4 * 9 M- 7 7 ? 1 * ■ _ “ a a a • • — • • • « a a ^ a 4 - a 0 9 - V i \ -- 2 - a a a a a « • _ - _ 4 a * a M- 7 i‘7 --. ** a a a • a • • - _ tm 1 a a a a "* a r>V- 6'vl - -- • . • • « * . 1 — 1 m - a * • • “ a 4 4 - 4 n ^ . 6 8 5 - 4» - 1 . . . a a • . 1 * ---- a a a 4 v a a 4 " • ~ 9 - 6'V - - - 1 . . . a a • • - - 2 1 a , “ • * 8 - 67V' - - * a a a « a • -- 1 a t - . 676 - _ . • a * a a » * — • — a a a • " • • a - * : M - 665 - -- a * • a a - 1 • - 1 a a a • " * a a - a . M - 658 - -- 1 . . • a a . . 2 1 -- 2 2 4 • . * a a a - • 655 at 2 - 5 . . . a * . . 8 - 24 3 2 7 a • a a ^ * a a - a '6ft-650 - - at - ■ • • a t - . - «a a a a a 1 a • a ~ a M- 661 - -- l . . . a a . . 2 ~ ? 1 i - a a a a * a a * a b8- 635 - - - 2 . . . a a . . 3 mm --- a a * a 69- 6)0 ** - * ^ . . * a a . . 5 t 1 . - 4 a • a -- — 6P-MO - 2 . . . a a . . 2 2 * — a * — 4 65- 622 - - - 5 . • . • • • 5 - 4* - m - • • 4 4 * 4 «■ *» 2 619 - • a . . 13 V 2 10 a a a * 2 a 4 a * a ■> 619 - tv - “* * * # a a . . V 1 t a a # a 1 a a a ** 68- 616 - m - - f t * * a a . . 3 - 2 _- t a a • a n9- 612 ** - - *■ ■ a a a » a • - - 2 mm - - 4 a a a - a a a ■ • 6 ;- 612 - 1 - - a • a a a a a • _—* - ■» a a “ a a a “ a ■69- 6 0 P --- * - * * a a l • «* - «• a a a a • a a § - a I i«. ojj hi m m u i 0 3 3 1 * 3 " n w —m " M e ' -111

1 2

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l i

1* a 1 1

2 1 1 _4L t T

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- - - l • 1 - i l l - - 1 - - - - l 46-091366-6915 3 6 6 -0 9 1 0 2 6 6 -0 9 0 6 - 68-0906 - - • 1 68-0905 - 1 . 2 6 9 - 0 9 0 6 1 69-0903 t . 5 66-0908 - . 2 2 - - 1 - - 69-0901 1 - - - . 2 - - - - - l 69-0900 ' - - - - • 2 — — 1 - - - 66-0897 - - - 1 68-0689 1 - - - 1 66-0683 - - 1 - 1 1 66-0877 - - - - 3 66-0671 2 - - - 2 166-0664 - - - - 2 - - 1 - - T 70-0655 1-44 .126 2 3 4 2 66-0851 1 - - 2 .45 70-0850 . 70-0645 3 - - - « 23 - - 1 3 1 1 2 66-0643 2 - - 4 . 26 1 2 1 70-0640 - - - - . 21 1 2 - 2 68-0636 - — - - • 16 1 - - 1 68-0629 1 - - I 10 68-0621 2 70-0615 1 - - 6 4 - 2 - 1 68-0613 1 37 2 70-0850 1 - - 1 2 70-0605 24 - - 1 68-0603 17 - - 1 2 70-0600 - - 1 3 25 1 2 - 5 66-0796 2 24 - - - - - 2 - 1 70-0795 1 14 - - 1 2 1 - 70-0790 - w 1 - 10 - 1 - - - - ' b i l 'Vsl1 *«' ~<4 ~it'g 1 3 0 559 . 151 _ 0 _3 0 0 2 0 2 1 0 r at as » a a an a ig •» % ra a m m 000 012 026 061 061 090 110 130 020 210 * WMWr * 66-0781 • 68-0771 * 70-0765 - - 6 5 . 45 9 9 9 1 1 . . • . 12 . • • * ** 68-0763 m - 1 2 . 11 • ft • ■ ft * - - - - • * 2 • ■ » * * - « m • » • i?0-0760 1 2 • 10 • § * ft ft 1 - 6 - ft ft 1 ft 0 # «4 70-0755 m 3 6 .193 1 3 12 1 1 . . • • 5 • • ■* 69-0754 6 • 6 15 .214 7 9 19 - 2 . . » • 9 • • ft • • 4 - - 6 • ft • ft ft m 1 -- 3 1 • . • • * • • ft —* 68-0754 .117 ft ** • 70-0750 --- 3 .165 ft 4 « . . 1 4 - 22 - 2 . . • • 9 • • - 68-0747 - - m 6 . 20 ft ft ft ft ft " 1 - 6 - • # * • 0 70-0745 5 1 - 1 . 2? ft • • ft ft ** 1 - 6 2 • • 2 * • ft ** 68-0742 -- 2 . 30 ft ft • . • 1 3 2 1 2 . • • • 2 « • ft ** ** 70-0740 3 -- 3 . 4 ft ft • ft ft * - - 4 ■* “ ft ft ft * 70-0735 - - 6 . 56 ft ft ft • . 1 7 1 8 - ft ft » • 8 • « ft m * 68-0735 - - - 1 . 25 ft • ft ft ft — 1 - 8 2 " ft ft • • 1 # • ft * 168-0727 - 1 • 13 ft ft ft ft ft * - - «• - •» & ^ » • 3 * * ft * • 69-0719 1 68-0715 --- 1 . 20 ft ft ft . • 1 —- • - v ft ft * • '1 • • _ m ** 168-0? 09 08*09171 68-0919 68-09131 68-091CI 68-0906 68-0905 69-090** 69-0903 68-0902 69-0901 69 -09 OC 68 —O697 J 68—0889 I 68-0083) 68 - 0877 * 68-0671

1 - T 3 - 70-085'*57 1 - 68-08511 • m 70-0850 2 - 2 m 70-0845 - 1 68-0643 3 70-0640 6 8 -0 8 3 6 1 66-0629 - 1 66-0621 70-0815 1 - - 2 68-0613 m mm 70-0610 - 2 70-0805 68-0603 70-060C - 1 - 1 68-0796 - 5 70-079 5 1 - 70- 079 C 68-0790 *020 210 *165 0^2! f \7 0 183 551 * l & • ial TE5 158 188 018 152 i a a f f i m f f i - a - 1 8 m ♦ . - A » m - . - ~ V-" - " ♦

m A 2 9 . 4 2 A A 4 A t 2 • * “ - • • - • • 1 1 A - 1 A ft “ ft • A - « « • -A - a 1 - . ft ^ - am . - - • ft - • • — .• A - - A 3 - * A 1 A 1 19 . ' - - ft ft —- A - a 9 - A • 2 • - 9 , - 1 * ft ft * - A A — A A “ - A 4 - A F« •* 1 - - ft ft ** - . . 1 . A - m ^ 4 ” A• - « —9 am tm - ft ft - - • . 2 . A - - « 1 «B —* - « • t m mm 2 TABLE 18. DISlKldUTION < — A A — A f m m f 2 m g * 1 ft - 3 - 1 A _ • 3 1 3 A ft ^ •» 1 A ft ft “ - A ■ — A A - * ft 2 - A ft — ft -- • ft ft - - A A • A - «■» _- M A - A - - • ft ft - - A A — A A - ** ft m Aft _ A - A - - ft ft ft - - A A — A A. - m ^ - ft - A - A —- • ft ft * • A A - A . - - , - - « A - A - _ • - - * - 1 - . - 2 A 3 - . ft ft A 1 _ • 6 8 -0 9 1 6 8 -0 9 1 6 8 -0 9 1 6 8 -0 9 1

69*0901 69-0900 6 8 - 0 6 9 7 68-06691 6 8 -0 8 8 3 6 8 -0 8 7 7 68 -0 6 7 1

70-085, 6 6 -0 8 5 1 70-0850 - 5 1 . 7 0 - 0 8 4 ® m 4 . 6 8 -0 6 4 3 1 - 1 . 7 0 -0 6 4 0 1 ■» • . 6 8 - 0 6 3 6 { 6 8 - 0 6 2 9 m • , 6 8 - 0 6 2 1 1 m - , 7 0 - 0 0 1 5 ?

- 2 . 6 8 - 0 8 1 J t - . 7 0 - 0 6 1 0 1

m • 7 0 -0 8 0 5 8 _ 1 . ' 6 8 - 0 0 0 3 5 - 1 . 7 0 - 0 6 0 0 6 • . * 6 8 -0 7 9 6 1 1 • 7 0 - 0 7 9 X • _ # 7 0 - 0 7 9 ® ijr~ifi|-- - . re— ijr~ iaa 66s~V!*t 8 - 0 7 9 ® i i _

- 1 - - - i- I 2 TABLE 18. 01 Sift 1 riUTION OK iGhuDONT 3FKC1&S. SECTIUM AA*

1 * 65=7715 --- & • fcV • • • • » ■ * . — -— 68-7709 -- - ■a . 3 • ft • •ft l - mm - • • • ft - ft ft • - - • 68-0696 1 m 2 . 27 • • * • • 4 4 1 2 - - ft • ft ft 2 ft ft • •* 4* 0 69-0688 1 - 18 31 ,225 • ft • • . . 5 8 12 3 16 3 * ft ft ft 18 • ft 1 - •ft 0 68-0688 - 2 - 18 .1 0 9 • * • . . 5 9 1 mm «a «* • • ft ft 3 ft ft 3 «* - . - - - * • • 1 - m - a 68-0680 1 e (? > ^ |, . . Z_ ; 3 3 6 ^ - 8 7 3 2 7 2 9 . 10 • ft • . . 5 3 - 5 -! • • ft ft i ft ft - - - . 68-0665 m 15 •» 3 . 26 • 5 • • • 6 4 2 2 - 3 • • * ft 6 • ft - - - . 60-0654 m 2 - 4 • 24 • 6 7 . . 7 - 1 - - - ft ft 6 ft - ft ft - - m 0 68*0647 2 4 - 7 .122 • 2 . . . 9 4 5 - 1 2 • ft ft - ft • - mm 1 • 69-0646 1 5 4 9 . 36 • ^ 0 . . 11 8 m 8 5 2 t ■ • ft 9 ft ft 1 9 - . 68-0646 . 2 - 20 . 6? • •ft 4 . . 14 4 6 2 2 2 - • ft ft 6 • ft - - - • 0ft ■k 68-0645 4» - • m • 22 ♦ - . • * * 3 - ■ft — • ft ft - ft ft - «• - • 68-0644 2 m 7 • 23 • - a . . 3 3 m 6 2 • - ft ft 2 1 ft ft - - - . 68-0643 • m - 5 . 45 • - . • • 6 5 5 - 3 1 - ft ft - - ft ft - — - « 68-0642 • 2 - 20 . 69 1 1 a . . 20 7 2 1 3 4 1 ft ft - 7 ft 8 - — - . 68-0641 • -- 6 . 32 m - • • • 3 4 5 - 1 2 ft ft - 2 ft - - - « 4P 68-0640 5 3 - 3 . 23 1 - . . . 5 2 2 -* 2 11 ft ft - 2 ft -- - t 68-0639 1 2 a» 2 . 5 m - • • . 2 3 - 2 2 - 73 ft ft -- ft -- — - « 68-0637 1 - 10 . 4 m • . . * . 2 3 5 - 2 1 72 ft ft - - 4 - - - 1 . 68-0633 I 1 mm 2 . 12 - 3 . . • 2 1 1 1. «* 2 32 ft ft - ---- m m 68-0629 • - - 4 . 23 2 - » . . 7 m 7 - - 2 23 . 1 -- 3 ---- 69-0626 7 3 •b 6 . 5 - - • . . 1 2 2 - 3 1 - • 1 - - - 9 - m - < 69-0626 . •t - mm . - m g . . 1 - - 1 - l . - - - - 2 -- - • 68-0623 - - - - • - 4 1 . • . 2 -- m - - 3 • - -- 1 - - - - « 69-0619 3 - - 22 . 9 2 - . . . 16 3 12 1 2 1 9 . 1 - 5 -- - - 1 i 68-0619 2 2 6 . 9 2 3 . . . 9 7 8 1 3 3 28 6 8 -0 6 1 5 - -- 9 . 11 4 1 , . . 1 3 9 2 - 1 33 1 1 - 2 -- 1 1 - - 69-0611 - 4 - 11 . 5 - - . . . 4 6 4 4 - - 6 - - 1 3 - m --- 69-0611 2 4 - 6 . 6 - 1 . 1 • 2 - - - ■ft 2 1 - - - - 1 - - 1 - 68-0606 - - m 2 - 2 --- m* a* - - - - - . 2 3 t - • 1 7 \ 2 2 S5T55W --- 1 ft \ i - • • ft - - --- 1 ------•ft M 64-0575 m t ». 6 ft 4 2 1 ft - a - 2 3 2 m ft* 1 --- 5 - 1 - 68-0570 m -- 6 • i - 3 # m 0 1 1 1 - 1 9 - m 2 1 10 - 68-0565 - «■- 3 ft - •- • - . I -- ■» - 2 -- m -- 2 - - - 68-0561 •• -- 2 • 1 - 2 • *. 0 2 -- m -- 4 «• - 2 2 - - - 68-0557 1 m - 1 • - -- • ■» ft 6 1 4 -- 1 1 ---- 3 - - 1 - *70-0550 I 2 1 1 ft 1 2 1 * • * 3 4 m 4 - m *• - -- -- «i 5 - 68-0550 - I -- # 2 m 5 • - • 5 2 - I -- 8 - - - m 2 1 •* - - mm 70-0545 --- 7 ft 1 Z # - . 4 4 ----- 1 --- 1 - 70-0540 - - I 3 • 2 m . t a 1 1 - * -- m * - - - —- - 68-0538 mm -- mm ■ 2 - aft « - a 2 2 68-0533 - - - m • - .- • a a* 1 a* -« - - ■ft ------70-0530 - •* 1 5 ft 1 - - • 1 . 2 1 3 5 1 2 - 2 1 - 1 - - - - 1 69-0528 - -- 3 • an - 10 • - a - mm -- •a ------m 1 a 69-0521 I -- 2 • «• 1 3 • 40 ft 4 - 1 mm mm m 3 ---- 2 2 - — a - 9 0 mm m 70-0520 7 1 9 • 5 1 ft* • 3 3 4 7 • 1 -- 5 —2 2 5 . 68-0515 - - w - • 1 - * ft *---- - mm ft 4ft - - •• - 1 •• mm 70-0510 -- - 1 1 - 1 - 1 .- 1 - \ ft - - - ft* - ft 68-0510 • •» •* — _- «■M -. na - - - • _ ft mm --- 1 ft 68-0507 - 1 1 3 1 6 2 2 2 - 3 ft -- 2 1 • 70-0505 - -- - - t 1 - - a 4 •# - 6 1 1 • - 1 ft 3 ft >68-0502 - - m 1 - 1 2 - mm ** • •» - 3 * ■ ft - a ■ a {70-0500 - - - W ■* - 3 - - - . - 1 - mm 1 ft - a [68-0498 - 1 m 2 - -- - 2 a 4 1 2 - - - • 2 a -ZO-042i_ 1 6 b 9 1 5a 2 2, 1 , 1 b 2 3, z i • ft a oil 010 JD1 . ?*?. rui} oflo 100 .150 _ 0^2 270 100 053 141 21 ft »» 1 • 1 1 1 1 • | i i « ■ 1 1 I 1 I 1 I ■ 1 • - 1 — 1 Va ft * N) 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 I i l l I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i »— l 1 1 t • VO ►* 1 I 1 i ►* i i >* i i 1 ro *-» W IS) I • Is> N) -0 I M I CT" 0 I • O'!1** ►* vo co is) • •— 3 1 V)* 1 1 1 1 i 1 VA 1 v j o • • ►* 1 1 1 ro I i i I l IS) 1 VjJ Is) I ►* 1 1 ro ** 1 1 IS) I ►* I I U i ■*■• ...... • » i ►ft !§ , ft ft IS) Is) I I i l i *•» I 1 Is) Is) OVA I IS) i I 1 1 1 I M>0 I I I I I I OD • • ••••••*

o$ ft ro ■ l I i l 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 I 1 t i 1 *— 1 1 1 t I I I I I I I I ** I » I • 1 V»> ►* • •

ft v* I •-ft I i I ►* f Vis ft* 1 1 1 *-» I l ►* 1 *-* • 1 1 t I I I I I I I » X> I I • • I I I I I I is) !-» o • • • ►* | 1 l i « 1 1 I 1 1 1 • • 1 I 1 ►* | ► ft||llltlll*~ltl 1 I I I • I IS) CC 3 Is) • 1 1 1 1 1 I Vis V*; 1 1 ao Vr> I I I I I I I I I I ►* * • • I I ►* ►* I I

•►*11 ■Pill I I I I • • I I t I *-* I I I I I I I I I I ►*■►^11111111111 l«it •5 • • • ►*|S)| I ►* I ►* Os I I I ► • I •

• IS) * I I U ^ l • CT> •» «- I I VO I I •••»•► * I I I I I I I I I I ft M I ( ►* | I ►*Is) • • • • • • • • ft • • •

•►*1111

■ K H • • •

• * I ** I 1 • UU I I t

>H » -O -sJ-O CD 9h-'MMI-il-'MMM 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 '•III I I I M???? M H ro 9 Q .§ § 8 8 O § ^ & * J? ------oT3— 351— 555— iW "T J« — iW '(nz~'Sz— KT "180 poo o n Q 80 090 n o i*o m .m 230 tea m 7aQ -iw o f z . i . i . • 2 . . i ...... ~ 7QAQ-1404 - 8 137.. 9-22...... 191- 7<*Q-1400 1 6 3 - 9 1 . 9--2. -lill.... \ \ zom ' Tr t ■■VoS ______010 031 083 >00 130 IV* OU ISi 140 190

TABLE 19. DIo'lTtlBUl'lUB OP CQNOOONTS. 7<*I-00M.. I—«.ftP . 3 S».t,i»tt SECTION AQ. 7QAI-0039C . 7011-00399 . 7 Ok I-00391 . 7011-0035 . 7011-0033 • 7011-0003 . 7011- 000 . Abundant D*v»nlan conadants.

TABLE 20. DlolBlBU ilON OF CoNGDONT SPECIES. SECTION AI CONODONT FERN1E GAP HIGHWOOD TUNNEL P.- (AH) (AE.AF) (AR) (AI.AO) (AA, ZONES SUB­ (AC, ZONES i i i i iETHERINGTON i FM. Carnarvon Mbr. ~

i* I to 3 I z LO LU 3 I _l X UPPER < I OpaJ M br u z I/) CD MT HEAD to 3 - FM. CL < U I Loomis Mbr

LOWER I 1 Loom CD - — jyiT. h e a d O Loomis or / ^ ^ ^ F M . x CL § <

tO 3 X LIVINGSTONE Z CD O etc X CL .<

to to 3 3 X Sc I § p HIGHWOOD TUNNEL P.-G. EXSHAW MOOSE CROSSED. C E) (AR) (AI.AQ) (AA,AB) (AJ,AK) (AL.AM) (AX,AY,AZ) (A (AC,

GTON

I Carnarvon Mbr.

I REMARKS I N ete 1 . A go ef Leemle Member a t Hi^hveed I N ete 2 . Ago ef Banff-Livlngstene centact Opal Mbr. than shewn* Nete 3. At Cresefield, the Slkten Member EAD I Bactrannathus-Taphrexnathus Zene, higher ar lewer than shewn. I Nete 4-. At Cademin* enly a$e a f the MlddU I Valley Ferraatlen, and that af th< knewn. The age shewn far all the Nete 5* Age shewn far Exshaw Fermatien aJ anly appraxlmate. Loomis Mbr. Nete 6, Qnathadua semixlaber - Paly ana thi Nete ?. Slphenedella ceeperl haasl - Gna LOWER Loomis Nete 8. Slphenedella aandberxl - Slphanai MT. HEAD Nete 9* Palyxnathus vexes! - Spathexnathi FM S alter

MT. HEAD

LIVINGSTONE

TURNER

VALLEY ! MOOSE CROSSFD. CADOMIN MORRO S ta n d a r d (AL,AM) (AX(AY(AZ) (AN,AQAP) (AT) S ection Units

1 1 t l 1 1 1 CHESTER t 1 ! i 1 1

REMARKS late 1. Age e f Leemis Member a t Highwoed and P igeen-G rette Is. Asaumedi late 2. Age e f Banff-Livlngstane cantact at Tunnel cauld be yaunger than shewn* late 3. At Cresefleld, the Blkten Member fallB 'entirely within the Bactregnathus-Taphregnathus Zane, but it's pasitian may be o higher ar lawer than shawn. St. Louis LlI late 4. At Cademin, anly age af the Middle Dense Member af the Turner Valley Ferraatlen, and that af the Pekiske-Shunda cantact are 2 knawn. The age shawn far all the ather cantacts is assumed* < late 5* Age shawn far Exshaw Fermatlen at Pigeen-Grette and Exshaw is c c anly appraximate* LU late 6. Gnathadus semiglaber - Palygnathus caimnunls carlnus Zane. late 7* Slphenedella caeperl hasal - Gnathadus punctatus Zane. 2 late 8. Slphanadella sandbergl - Slphenedella duplicate Zane. late 9. Palygnathus vages! - Spathagnathadus n. sp. J Subzene.

Salem >r. Warsaw I I 1 MT. HEAD FM. i i

Keokuk

TURNER

VALLEY

Burling- n LlJ PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS BACTROGNATHUS BACTROGNATHUS TAPHROGNATHUS

S1PHO NODELL A PS. MULTISTRIATUS TAPHROGNATHUS LAMBDAGNATHUS

PS. XANIO-

MULTISTRIATUS GNATHUS

/

w / N» LIVINGSTONE \

TURNER

VALLEY

FM.

PEKISKO

-B A N F F FM

V EXSHAW SEE NOTE 5. F M . — Keokuk

TURNER

VALLEY

I Burling­ Elkton Mbr. ton

' \ T ~ l SHUNDA i T FM. i I

PEKISKO

1 Chouteau -B A N F F FM.

Hannibal KINDERHOOK F=H OSAGE

p / SEE NOTE 5. i CHAf

S . COOPERI • » SIPHONODELLA SIPHONODELLA SANDBERG) - HASSI - o PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS 8 StPHONODELLA ZONE GNATHODUS PSEU DUPLICATA PUNCTATUS

POLYGNATHUS c § NOTHOGNATHELLA SP. (o m PSE VOGESI- s o PALMATOLEPIS SP. S. N. SP. J SUBZONE SPATHOONATHODUS PRAEL0N8US ELICTOGNATHUS BIALATUS 11 ■ SIPHONODELLA SANDBERGI SIPHONODELLA COOPERI COOPERI SIPHONODELLA DUPLICATA SIPHONODELLA LOBATA SIPHONODELLA QUADRUPLICATA PSEUDOPOLYONATHUS FUSIFORMIS PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS PRIML ^ GNATHODUS SP. ELICTOGNATH DINODUS SP. POLYGNATHUS POLYGh 'APATOC SPATHO SIPHONODELLA CRENULATA PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS TRIANGULUS TRIANGULUS PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS MARGINATUS GNATHODUS DELICATUS GNATHODUS KOCKELI SIPHONODELLA OBSOLETA StPHONODELLA SIPHONODEI PSEUDOPOL POLYGNATHUS VOGESI SPATHOONATHODUS N. SP. d. SPATHOONATHODUS JUGC SPAT! •SPATK SPATHOGNA SIPHONODE

patroq NATHUS JHART 4 . RANGES OF STRATIGRAPICALLY IM

BACTROGNATHUS BACTROGNATHUS T> PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS MULTISTRIATUS TAPHROGNATHUS Li ZONE ZONE

PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS XANIOGNATHUS MULTISTRIATUS SUBZONE SUBZONE

I PRIMUS

OGNATHUS LACERATUS fUS SP. 3NATHUS SP. CF. P. INORNATUS POLYGNATHUS COMMUNIS COMMUNIS — ■ •APATOGNATHUS SP. — "■■■■■ | SPATHOONATHODUS SP. CF. S. STRIGOSU3

IGULUS

►ELLA SP. CF. S . ISOSTICHA ONODELLA ISOSTICHA JDOPOLYGNATHUS DENTILINEATU3

J. JUGOSUS SPATHOONATHODUS SP. CF. S. ACULEATUS •SPATHOONATHODUS SP. CF, S. STABILIS« HOGNATHODUS ABNORMIS ONODELLA COOPERI HASSI IMPORTANT CONODONT SPECIES .

TAPHROGNATHUS TAPHROGNATHUS APATOGNATHU VARIANS- LAMBDAGNATHUS SCALENUS- APATOGNATHUS CAVUSGNATHI ZONE ZONE ZONE

► ► SPECIES .

. I i APATOONATHUS iNATHUS CHESTER iN S - SCALENUS- NATHUS CAVUSONATHUS (UNDIVIDED) NE ZONE

- SIPHONODELLA CRENULATA PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS TRIANGULUS TRIANGULUS PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS MARGINATUS GNATHODUS DELICATUS GNATHODUS KOCKELI SIPHONODELLA OBSOLETA

■ — — ■■ iim i ii SIPHONODELLA S 11 ...... ■” ■■■ SI PHONODELI ' " —i- — — « PSEUDOPOLY — POLYGNATHUS VOOESI | — — p«« SPATHOONATHODUS N. SP. J . SPATHOONATHODUS JUGOS

ii»w in i i m i ■■ — — ■ — SPATHO ■■ ' ■■■■ « — » SPATHO

...... - .r — — SPATHOGNATI - —— — — SIPHONODELI ' '"— I ii PATROGNATHUS I ■...... ■■ GNATHODUS — — GNATHC — — GNATHC — i SPATHO "OPMf nvvnni nwuwv v< 1 I

OULUS TRIANGULUS

IINATUS

OBSOLETA — SIPHONODELLA SP. CF. S. ISOSTICHA

■■ I SIPHONODELLA ISOSTICHA PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS DENTILINEATUS

VOGESI | DUS N. SP. J.

40GNATH0DUS JUGOSUS

SPATHOONATHODUS SP. CF. S. ACULEATUS

•SPATHOONATHODUS SP. CF. S. STABILISE

SPATHOONATHODUS ABNORMIS SIPHONODELLA COOPERI HASSI

PATROGNATHUS ANDERSONI GNATHODUS PUNCTATUS

GNATHODUS SEMIGLABER GNATHODUS SP. CF. G. TYPICUS

SPATHOONATHODUS ANTEPOSICORNIS ■ — ■■■■■■ SPATHOONATHODUS SP. CF. S. ACULEATUS

POLYGNATHUS COMMUNIS CARINUS NEDPRIONIODUS SP. CF. N. CONJUNCTUS

1 — PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS MULTISTRIATUS

. 1 ■ ■■ 11 -'■"'■j GNATHODUS CUNEIFORMS

PSEUDOPOLYGNATHUS N. SP. X

XANI90NATHUS N. SP. W

STAURl

STAUR

STAUF

• HINDI • DOLK CAVUSGNATHUS SP. t UNCTUS

:aniognathus n , s p . w ■■ ■ !■■■ - ■ _ POLYGNATHUS MEHLI » ■ — ■ !■■■■■ — neoprioniodus ligo ■ ' ■ I- ' ' ■■■ ■ XANIOGNATHUS N. SP. V

■ i .i...... ■ i— i. i ■ ■ XANIOGNATHUS PRIMUS ■— ■ ' ...... - ...... ■ ' '■ ■ ■ ■ ■ --Q N A TH O D U 3 SP. CF. G. COMMUTATUS — '■ STAUROGNATHUS N. SP. Z ■ - ■ '■■■■■ STAUROGNATHUS N. SP. Y '■ H — SPATHOONATHODUS SP. CF. S. CRISTULUS

— ■ ■■■■■■ || « ■ ■■■ I. ■■ ■■■■■ I ■ MAGNILATERELLA SP. iiiiiiim ■■ ■■ ■ ■ i ■ STAUROGNATHUS N. 8P. X | — M I. I . ■ „ ■ ■[ . , , I ■ I. ■ ,1 LAMBDAONATHUS N. SP. V • HINDEODELLA SEGAFORMIS • OOLIOGNATHUS SP.

M/ii«tflNATHUS SP. ■ 1 ■■ 11 ■ 20MMUTATUS

CF. S. CRISTULUS

XANIOGNATHUS N. SP.

■ STAl ► STA

— STA 1. • HIN • DO! CAVUSGNATHUS SP. CAVUSGNATHUS SP. ANI90NATHU3 N. SP. W POLYGNATHUS MEHLI NEOPRIONIOOUS LIGO — XANIOGNATHUS N. SP. V ' ■ »■ 11 XANIOGNATHUS PRIMUS •GNATHODUS SP. CF. G. COMMUTATUS STAUROGNATHUS N. SP. Z STAUROGNATHUS N. SP. Y SPATHOONATHODUS SP. CF. S. CRISTULUS MAGNILATERELLA SP...... STAUROGNATHUS N. SP. X LAM8DAGNATHUS N. SP. V HINOEODELLA SEGAFORMIS DOLIOGNATHUS SP. AVUSGNATHUS SP. AVUSGNATHUS SP. TAPHROGNATHUS N. SP. K TAPHROGNATHUS N. SP. M — NEOPRIONIOOUS N. SP. A « — APATOGNATHUS SCALENUS SPATHOONATHODUS COALESCENS TAPHROGNATHUS VAR IANS OZARKODINA N. SR B SPATHOONATHODUS SCITULUS • APATOGNATHUS CHAULIODUS ' APATOGNATHUS CUSPIDATUS APATOGNATHUS LlBRATUS TAPHROGNATHUS N. SP. L !

4UTATUS

8 . CRISTULUS

S B 2ITULUS « UL10DUS • PIDATUS mt ita-d RATUS 3 N. SP. L APATOGNATHUS PETILUS NEOPRIONIODUS PERACUTUS OZARKODINA LAEVIPOSTfCA GNATHODUS BIUNEATUS GNATHODUS TEXANUS • TUNNEL PIGEON-G

AREA ARE; ____ !______U

SPIRIFER

FORBESI BA N FF FM. ZONE

F NOT X . . - - X ZONED E

J

BACTROGNATHUS t TAPHROGNATHUS PIGEON-GROTTO EXSHAW MOOSE

AREA AREA AREA ______!______J______I____

i *

RUNDLE GP.

\ \

RUNDLE GR

BANFF FM.

RUNDLE GP. HAW M OOSE ea a r e a ______I______

RUNDLE GP. AFTER GREEN \ (1962, Figure 7.) \

t

AFTER MACQUEEN & BAMBER 4 (I968a,pp.9,10; figures 7,8.)

RUNDLE GP. NOT

ZONED

7

BACTROGNATHUS TAPHROGNATHUS • ZONE

XANIOGNATHUS SUBZONE

BANFF FM.

P. C. CARINUS G. SEMIGLABER

CHART 5. COMPARISON OF PREVIOUS INTERPRI RUNDLE GP.

— ♦ + + 4

BANFF FM.

RUNDLE GP.

\ ------ST \ BANFF FM. \

V \

OF PREVIOUS INTERPRETATIONS. AGE OF BANFF-RUNDLE CONTACT IN AFTER MACQUEEN & BAMBER 4- (19680^.9,10; figures 7,8.)

UNDLE GP.

h i O< \ oi / ) \ THIS STUDY

KINDERHOOK

-RUNDLE CONTACT IN BOW VALLEY.