Englishness and Patriotism in the Writings of George Orwell
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Orwellian Methods of Social Control in Contemporary Dystopian Literature
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repositorio Documental de la Universidad de Valladolid FACULTAD de FILOSOFÍA Y LETRAS DEPARTAMENTO de FILOLOGÍA INGLESA Grado en Estudios Ingleses TRABAJO DE FIN DE GRADO A Nightmarish Tomorrow: Orwellian Methods of Social Control in Contemporary Dystopian Literature Pablo Peláez Galán Tutora: Tamara Pérez Fernández 2014/2015 ABSTRACT Dystopian literature is considered a branch of science fiction which writers use to portray a futuristic dark vision of the world, generally dominated by technology and a totalitarian ruling government that makes use of whatever means it finds necessary to exert a complete control over its citizens. George Orwell’s 1984 (1949) is considered a landmark of the dystopian genre by portraying a futuristic London ruled by a totalitarian, fascist party whose main aim is the complete control over its citizens. This paper will analyze two examples of contemporary dystopian literature, Philip K. Dick’s “Faith of Our Fathers” (1967) and Alan Moore’s V for Vendetta (1982-1985), to see the influence that Orwell’s dystopia played in their construction. It will focus on how these two works took Orwell’s depiction of a totalitarian state and the different methods of control it employs to keep citizens under complete control and submission, and how they apply them into their stories. KEYWORDS: Orwell, V for Vendetta , Faith of Our Fathers, social control, manipulation, submission. La literatura distópica es considerada una rama de la ciencia ficción, usada por los escritores para retratar una visión oscura y futurista del mundo, normalmente dominado por la tecnología y por un gobierno totalitario que hace uso de todos los medios que sean necesarios para ejercer un control total sobre sus ciudadanos. -
Nineteen Eighty-Four
MGiordano Lingua Inglese II Nineteen Eighty-Four Adapted from : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nineteen_Eighty-Four Nineteen Eighty-Four, sometimes published as 1984, is a dystopian novel by George Orwell published in 1949. The novel is set in Airstrip One (formerly known as Great Britain), a province of the superstate Oceania in a world of perpetual war, omnipresent government surveillance, and public manipulation, dictated by a political system euphemistically named English Socialism (or Ingsoc in the government's invented language, Newspeak) under the control of a privileged Inner Party elite that persecutes all individualism and independent thinking as "thoughtcrimes". The tyranny is epitomised by Big Brother, the quasi-divine Party leader who enjoys an intense cult of personality, but who may not even exist. The Party "seeks power entirely for its own sake. We are not interested in the good of others; we are interested solely in power." The protagonist of the novel, Winston Smith, is a member of the Outer Party who works for the Ministry of Truth (or Minitrue), which is responsible for propaganda and historical revisionism. His job is to rewrite past newspaper articles so that the historical record always supports the current party line. Smith is a diligent and skillful worker, but he secretly hates the Party and dreams of rebellion against Big Brother. As literary political fiction and dystopian science-fiction, Nineteen Eighty-Four is a classic novel in content, plot, and style. Many of its terms and concepts, such as Big Brother, doublethink, thoughtcrime, Newspeak, Room 101, Telescreen, 2 + 2 = 5, and memory hole, have entered everyday use since its publication in 1949. -
Orwell George
The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell Volume II: My Country Right or Left 1940-1943 by George Orwell Edited by Sonia Orwell and Ian Angus a.b.e-book v3.0 / Notes at EOF Back Cover: "He was a man, like Lawrence, whose personality shines out in everything he said or wrote." -- Cyril Connolly George Orwell requested in his will that no biography of him should be written. This collection of essays, reviews, articles, and letters which he wrote between the ages of seventeen and forty-six (when he died) is arranged in chronological order. The four volumes provide at once a wonderfully intimate impression of, and a "splendid monument" to, one of the most honest and individual writers of this century -- a man who forged a unique literary manner from the process of thinking aloud, who possessed an unerring gift for going straight to the point, and who elevated political writing to an art. The second volume principally covers the two years when George Orwell worked as a Talks Assistant (and later Producer) in the Indian section of the B.B.C. At the same time he was writing for Horizon, New Statesman and other periodicals. His war-time diaries are included here. Penguin Books Ltd, Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England Penguin Books Australia Ltd, Ringwood, Victoria, Australia First published in England by Seeker & Warburg 1968 Published in Penguin Books 1970 Reprinted 1971 Copyright © Sonia Brownell Orwell, 1968 Made and printed in Great Britain by Hazell Watson & Viney Ltd, Aylesbury, Bucks Set in Linotype Times This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher's prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser Contents Acknowledgements A Note on the Editing 1940 1. -
Year 8 English Extract Pack
Year 8 English Extract Pack Extract 1- for Task 1 George Orwell George Orwell was the pen name of a man called Eric Blair. A pen name is a name used by a writer instead of their own name. Even though his real name was Eric Blair, he is known as his pen name, George Orwell. Early Life George Orwell was born in India in 1903. At the time, India was still one of Britain’s colonies. You may remember from The Tempest that a colony is a country that is controlled by a different country. At the time, India was a British colony, so many British people lived and worked in India. Orwell’s father worked as a civil servant in India. Even though he was helping to run India, he was employed by the British government as India was a part of the British Empire. When he was one, Orwell moved back to live in England with his mother. He did not see his father again until 1912, as his father had to stay in India for work. The young Orwell was very intelligent. He went to exclusive boarding schools as he was growing up. He only had to pay half the fees for his education because he was so smart. At these exclusive schools, Orwell spent a lot of time around the richest people in the country. But when he read the newspapers he saw that the majority of people around the world were not rich. He wanted to find out more about these people and their lives. -
George Orwell John Rodden and John Rossi Frontmatter More Information
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-76923-5 - The Cambridge Introduction to George Orwell John Rodden and John Rossi Frontmatter More information The Cambridge Introduction to George Orwell Arguably the most influential political writer of the twentieth century, George Orwell remains a crucial voice for our times. Known worldwide for his two bestselling masterpieces – Nineteen Eighty-Four, a gripping portrait of a dystopian future, and Animal Farm, a brilliant satire on the Russian Revolution – Orwell has been revered as an essayist, journalist, and literary-political intellectual, and his works have exerted a powerful international impact in the post-World War II era. The Cambridge Introduction examines Orwell’s life, work, and legacy, addressing his towering achievement and his ongoing appeal. Combining biographical detail with close analysis of his writings, the book considers the various genres in which Orwell wrote: realistic novel, essay, reportage, fable, and anti-utopia. Written for both new and for already well-informed readers of Orwell’s work, the present study concludes with an extended reflection on why George Orwell has enjoyed a literary afterlife unpre- cedented among modern authors in any language. JOHN RODDEN has taught at the University of Virginia and the University of Texas at Austin. He is currently Visiting Professor in the Department of Foreign Languages at Tunghai University, Taiwan. He has published nine books on Orwell, including The Cambridge Companion to George Orwell (2007). He is presently working on a co-edited volume, Orwell: Orienting Asian Perspectives, with Henk Vynckier, Professor at Tunghai University. JOHN ROSSI is Professor Emeritus of History at La Salle University, Philadelphia. -
Report to UCL Octagon Small Grants Fund Sarah Gibbs 1 Conference: Rebel? Prophet? Relic? Perspectives on George Orwell in 2019
Report to UCL Octagon Small Grants Fund Sarah Gibbs 1 Conference: Rebel? Prophet? Relic? Perspectives on George Orwell in 2019 24-25 May 2019 University College London (UCL) Conference Programme Summary UCL’s first George Orwell conference, Rebel? Prophet? Relic? Perspectives on George Orwell in 2019, took place on May 24th and 25th. The event explored all aspects of the author’s oeuvre and presence in popular culture, from the continuing significance of his masterpiece, the political dystopia Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), to his relationship to the British Empire and mid-century Fascism. Panelists discussed his reception history in different parts of the world, and adaptations of his work in a variety of media. The speaker list was international, and truly interdisciplinary. Presenters, who were academics, theatre directors, video game designers, authors, journalists, and members of the Armed Forces, traveled Report to UCL Octagon Small Grants Fund Sarah Gibbs 2 from Australia, Canada, Iraq, the United States, China, Germany, Scotland, and all parts of England to participate. The conference brought together a number of Orwell-focused organizations and institutions: the Orwell Foundation, the Orwell Society, and UCL Special Collections, holder of the Orwell Archive. Approximately forty members of the public also joined the event. The support of the Octagon Small Grants Fund not only allowed scholars to participate in a conference dedicated to Orwell, very few of which exist, but also enabled the University to positively engage with the community and publicize its projects and collections. Twitter: @UCL_Orwell_2019; #UCLOrwell2019 Report In 1945, George Orwell wrote of war-time rumours that American troops had come to England to thwart a communist revolution: “One has to belong to the intelligentsia to believe things like that. -
Lights and Shadows in George Orwell's Homage to Catalonia
Paul Preston Lights and shadows in George Orwell's Homage to Catalonia Article (Accepted version) (Refereed) Original citation: Preston, Paul (2017) Lights and shadows in George Orwell's Homage to Catalonia. Bulletin of Spanish Studies. ISSN 1475-3820 DOI: 10.1080/14753820.2018.1388550 © 2017 The Author This version available at: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/85333/ Available in LSE Research Online: November 2017 LSE has developed LSE Research Online so that users may access research output of the School. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LSE Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute the URL (http://eprints.lse.ac.uk) of the LSE Research Online website. This document is the author’s final accepted version of the journal article. There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it. Lights and Shadows in George Orwell’s Homage to Catalonia PAUL PRESTON London School of Economics Despite its misleading title, Orwell’s Homage to Catalonia is almost certainly the most sold and most read book about the Spanish Civil War. It is a vivid and well-written account of some fragments of the war by an acute witness. -
The Anarcho-Syndicalist Genesis of Orwell's Revolutionary Years
The Anarcho-Syndicalist Genesis of Orwell’s Revolutionary Years Raymond S. Solomon 2016 Contents Phase One .................................. 3 The Second Phase .............................. 4 Third phase of Orwell’s revolutionary years, after he was severely wounded 4 Orwell’s Metamorphosis .......................... 5 Orwell’s post-revolutionary socialism ................... 6 Conclusions ................................. 7 Bibliography and References ........................ 8 2 Orwell had four phases during his revolutionary years, lasting from late Decem- ber 1936 until about the early fall of 1940. Each was significant, but all were rooted in Orwell’s observations of Spain’s, and especially Catalonia’s, anarcho-syndicalist revolution. When Orwell went to Spain he did not know exactly what he would find. He had a letter of introduction from the Independent Labour Party. Hewanted to fight against fascism, defend democracy, and support workers. Orwell found what perhaps was the most far-reaching revolution in history. It had economic, sociological and psychological dimensions. It had far-reaching sig- nificance in his interpersonal relationships. (See Orwell’s ”Looking Back onthe Spanish War,” Section III.) Orwell said that according to his basic inclinations he would have joined the anarchists and that among the non-foreign troops, the an- archists were the most effective fighters in loyalist Spain. Phase One The first phase began when he came to loyalist Spain (lasting until theMay Days [1937] events) when he was enchanted with the workers’ revolution. Fac- tories had been taken over by workers. Agricultural estates were collectivized by peasants. Specifically he witnessed the early period of the anarcho-syndicalist so- ciety. Anarcho-syndicalist symbols were painted on walls. There was a revolution- ary and comradely feeling among the people in Barcelona. -
Orwell on Poland and Political Controversies of His Time
Orwell on Poland and Political Controversies of his Time Krystyna Wieszczek University of Southampton There could hardly be a more appropriate 20th-century British author to bring up for discussion under the theme of “conformity and controversy” than George Orwell. One of his well-known characteristics as an author and political commentator was that of striving to think independently and to boldly present his own conclusions to the public, irrespectively of how controversial they could be at the time. This paper will examine some of his texts that responded to specific issues concerning Poland during the turbulent period of Europe’s transition from war to post-war, in which his statements were not always compliant with those held by much of the British public or with the British censoring policy. It aims to discover more about how Orwell approached conformity and controversy surrounding some contentious problems of his time and, by doing so, also about their political contexts in both Britain and Poland. The texts taken into consideration include his responses to the Warsaw rising, the abduction and trial of sixteen Polish leaders by the Soviets, and the settlement of Polish refugees in Britain after the war. A Socialist’s Disappointment with the USSR Unappreciated at Home Orwell was one of few British left-wing intellectuals to question the government and left-wing press’s uncritical reception of Stalin’s politics in Britain well before the beginning of the cold war (the name of which he coined). His epiphany came during the Spanish civil war where he witnessed the insidious way in which a Soviet-sponsored communist organisation began eliminating fellow socialists, including members of the POUM1 in which Orwell had served, jeopardizing the whole socialist agenda only to gain more power. -
Social Justice Sampler
SAA SAAMPLER SAA SAASAMPLER MPLER LAWSOCIAL & ETHICS LAW & LAW & 6” 11/16” LAW6” JU &S TICE6” ETHICS.78” 6” PRIVACY & CONFIDENTIALITY PERSPECTIVES MPLER “ Today, legal issues are pervading archival administration more intensively and in more areas ETHICS ETHICS than ever before. Fortunately, a superb new manual, Navigating Legal Issues in Archives, “Privacy and Confidentiality Perspectives brings together a diverse selection of thoughtful and provocative essays that explore the legal, ethical, written by Menzi Behrnd-Klodt and published by the Society of American Archivists, is now administrative, and institutional considerations that shape archival available to guide archivists in facing such problems. While its predecessor, Archives and debates concerning the administration of access to records containing Manuscripts: Law, by Gary and Trudy Peterson, served the last generation well, the current personal information. It is essential reading for archivists, records impact of the law on archives has changed in both detail and extent. The coverage of this new managers, archival educators and students who wish to gain a deeper under-standing of this difficult archival issue—and it is bound to stimu- book reflects these changes well—its presentation is clear, thorough, and well-documented. late broader reflection and debate.” 9” The organization, index, and notes make the book easy to use and give assurance to its quality. — Nadine Strossen Its author and publisher are to be commended for an outstanding aid to their profession.” President, American Civil Liberties Union, and ORRIS OHEN Professor of Law, New York Law School – M L. C 9” ARCHIVISTS & ARCHIVAL RECORDS Professor Emeritus of Law, and Librarian (Retired), Yale Law School “Privacy and Confidentiality Perspectives fills a crucial void in the corpus of archival literature. -
The Contradictions of Techno-Nationalism and Techno-Globalism: a Historical Perspective
New Global Studies Volume 1, Issue 1 2007 Article 1 The Contradictions of Techno-Nationalism and Techno-Globalism: A Historical Perspective David E.H. Edgerton, Hans Rausing Professor of Science and Technology, Imperial College, London Recommended Citation: Edgerton, David E.H. (2007) "The Contradictions of Techno-Nationalism and Techno- Globalism: A Historical Perspective," New Global Studies: Vol. 1: Iss. 1, Article 1. DOI: 10.2202/1940-0004.1013 ©2007 New Global Studies. All rights reserved. The Contradictions of Techno-Nationalism and Techno-Globalism: A Historical Perspective David E.H. Edgerton Abstract Techno-nationalism and techno-globalism are descriptive and prescriptive categories for understanding the impact of technology on society and vice versa. They reflect the underlying assumptions made by analysts of the place of technology in the world, and denote ideologies, rather than technological policies or realities. They also help us to realize that standard accounts of the nation and globalization are not as securely based as they appear. Indeed, nations and states are important in ways techno-nationalism does not capture, and the international and global dimension is crucial in ways which that techno-globalism overlooks. Yet an analysis of both terms yields building blocks to a more sophisticated appreciation of the linkages between the nation, technological innovation and globalization. KEYWORDS: techno-globalism, techno-nationalism, technology Author Notes: David E.H. Edgerton is the Hans Rausing Professor of History of Science at the Technology Imperial College, London. Edgerton: Contradictions of Techno-Nationalism and Techno-Globalism In this article I distinguish two approaches, which I label techno- nationalism and techno-globalism, to the study of technology and society at macro-level. -
A DEFENCE of the CLICHÉ1 Samuel Godwin
JOURNAL OF ENGLISH STUDIES - VOLUME 5 (2005-2006), 139-153 A DEFENCE OF THE CLICHÉ1 ADOLPHE HABERER Université Lumière-Lyon 2 ABSTRACT. A sure thing is that clichés have a bad reputation. Trying to define the cliché as a linguistic or stylistic category, however, leads to all sorts of difficulties, as we seem to be dealing with “matters as imprecise as the shape and size of a cloud or the beginning and end of a wave”. Following the example of Louis MacNeice who once wrote a “Homage to Clichés”, in this paper I will take the defence of the cliché and show that in the terms of a (Lacanian) problematics of the subject’s enunciation it has its own function and significance. “ce cœur parlant que nous appelons l’inconscient” 2 Jacques Lacan (in Kaufman 1993: 395) Samuel Godwin (1948), the Hollywood cinema magnate, is reported to have once said to his team of script-writers: “Let’s have some new clichés!”. This raises the question of whether one can “make it new” when dealing in clichés, or be at all original when dealing with clichés – as I will be doing here –, bearing in mind everything that has been said or written on the subject. Perhaps, the only proper way to address the cliché is, as we shall see presently, to follow the example of Louis MacNeice, who composed a “Homage to clichés”, and write up something that would be both an illustration and a defence of the cliché, a discourse from which anything new or original would be eliminated, leaving only what falls into the categories of the banal, the commonplace, the ready-made formula, the 1.