DOCSLIB.ORG

Beginners' Guide to Macro Moths

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Beginners' Guide to Macro Moths NZ moths are special Moths can also be pests Why we need to trap the moths? Why do we need to study moths? More than 86% of the known moths Hīhue (the kūmara moth, Agrius Who benefits from Moths are mainly out at night, so Moths breed fast and have lots of in NZ are endemic. They only occur convolvuli) had a large impact on studying moths? most people don’t see how many offspring. There are lots of different in NZ so we have to look after kūmara crops and there are many there are or what’s happening moth species playing different roles them.. whakatauki written about the to them. Unfortunately we need in the ecosystem. Moths have links Beginners’ Guide to Society caterpillar and its capacity to eat. You & I specimens for identification. to lots of other species (e.g. plants, Macro Moths Why are moths important? birds, introduced pests, other Moths are a key part of the wider A more recent pest is the codling Nature Why we need standardised data? invertebrates). ecosystem and they sit in the moth (Cydia pomonella). Introduced If we all use the same type of trap Te Tuakoko centre of a complex food web. The from Europe, it attacks apples, (e.g. a Heath Moth Trap) we can If something is changing in the caterpillars are herbivores eating a pears, walnuts, and other fruit. compare data from different places ecosystem, moths are amongst the first creatures to respond. They range of native plants. Education and over time. With standardised Moths have a bad reputation for information we can all work are likely to be good indicators of Stories Where to get more information & help Many adult moths drink nectar eating clothes, especially natural together to keep an eye on the change. and are important pollinators. fibres like wool, silk, and fur. In Knowledge moths. This way, if they start to www.landcareresearch.co.nz/mothnet Email: [email protected] Many of our native plants are likely reality there are very few moth Biosecurity decline we can see something is What does that word mean? Te Takenga mai o te Pepe - Ngā Whetū - The Stars @MothNetNZ pollinated by moths. Moths go species whose caterpillars eat happening and work together to Lepidoptera: moths and butterflies The Origin of the Moth The story of the moth is told in the Appreciation quietly about this critical job during clothes. You can easily solve this take better care of the moths. Endemic: found only in that place MothNetNZ Tāne climbs to the highest stars of the Rēhua constellation. www.naturewatch.org.nz/ the night when most people are problem by putting the clothes in Music Ecosystem: all biological and heaven to visit his brother, Rēhua. Rēhua, the eldest son of Raki and Kaitiakitanga Entomological Society of New Zealand: sleeping, which means we often and out of the freezer a couple of Why we need quantitative data? physical processes in an area Rēhua calls for a fire to be lit and Papatūānuku, is the reddish star www.ento.org.nz overlook how important they are. times. Food web: what eats what calabashes to be brought forth. Antares in the western Scorpius Counting the number of individuals Moths are a major food source Herbivores: animals that eat plants Acknowledgements Tāne asks his brother “What will we constellation. Pollination of each species gives us more for other insects and native Puka Whakamārama o te Pepe Nui Nocturnal: active at night The text, content, and design are by the Ahi Pepe be eating, brother?” At this, Rēhua information than just a list of the MothNet project partners: Dr Barbara J Anderson, birds. Unfortunately, they are This guide contains only the most Community: species in an area shakes his head and two kōkō/ Wairua Tangata - species present. This quantitative Komene Cassidy, Victoria Campbell, Dr Robert Hoare, also an important food source for common larger moths in this large Ecosystem tūi fall from his hair. Tāne refuses ‘The Spirit of a Person’ information helps to detect change Tiahuia Kawe-Small, Tahu MacKenzie, Dr Ralf Ohlemüller, introduced pests like mice, rats, and region. If you find a moth that is not Health Tangiwai Rewi, Dr Priscilla Wehi and Emma Burns. Illustrations to eat the birds as they have been over time or between places. A common held belief was that the hedgehogs. in this guide, this may be because Science are by Sean W Gilles. The moth list was compiled by Dr Robert living in Rēhua’s hair and are tapu. spirits of those who had passed We need to Hoare, with help from NZ’s lepidopterist community. it is rare, a range extension (not We can use Tāne asks if he can return to earth would be reincarnated as a moth. normally found in this place), a know what The moth images are photographs by Birgit Rhode of with the birds. Rēhua agrees, and science to we have so specimens in the NZAC, taken with funding from the ‘micro-moth’, an introduced species understand Terrestrial Freshwater Biodiversity Information System says that the birds will live in the Moths are an important part of we can or a new species. Please let us know. ecosystem (TFBIS) programme. trees, and feed on the fruits of the New Zealand’s biodiversity better trees. When Rēhua shook his head responses to Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) protect it This guide was produced by Manaaki Whenua – other ‘birds’ also fell out: pēpepe, land-use change, Landcare Research as part of the Ahi Pepe MothNet are the third largest group of insects climate change project funded by the MBIE Unlocking Curious the moth; tātarakihi, the cicada; The more we know about in New Zealand (over 1750 named Minds initiative and Biological Heritage National pihareinga, the grasshopper; and and light pollution Ecology species). Scientists estimate there things, the more we Science Challenge. kēkerewai, the beetle. Collectively ISBN: 978-0-947525-36-1 (2017) are still more than 300 moth species appreciate their beauty and these are known as ‘Ngā Manu a Biogeography to be discovered and named in intrinsic value Rēhua’ and come out in summer. New Zealand. Taxonomy “When the pepetuna are in great numbers it is a good night for eeling” Tangiwai Rewi This work is licensed creative commons Attribution-nonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 new Zealand. To view details of this license go to www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/nz/ Ka hou ki te whenua, he tūkoukou; ka puta ki te rangi he pepe – Te āwheto kai paeka – The caterpillar eats the leaf Me te upoko tūkoukou – like the chrysalis of the Sphinx moth I hikaina te ahi titi, engari i whakapoapoa kē i te pepe – He iti hoki te mokoroa, nāna i kakati te Kahikatea – The pupa enters the Earth, a moth emerges to the sky (Said of someone who goes around tasting various dishes) (When likening something to especially fine weaving) The fire was lit to attract the mutton birds and the moths flew into it – Te Whiti o Rongomai Although the mokoroa is small it attacks the Kahikatea Geometridae Noctuidae ‘Chloroclystis’ filata Epiphryne charidema Epiphryne undosata ‘Aletia’ dentata Physetica caerulea Bityla defigurata Graphania paracausta Pseudocoremia fascialata Graphania omoplaca Physetica homoscia Tmetolophota arotis Agrotis ipsilon Pseudocoremia fenerata Helastia cymozeucta Helastia mutabilis Homodotis megaspilata Graphania plena Tmetolophota atristriga ‘Aletia’ moderata ‘Aletia’ virescens Tmetolophota lissoxyla Cleora scriptaria Tmetolophota micrastra Chalastra pellurgata Austramathes fortis Pseudocoremia foxi Pseudocoremia leucelaea Graphania pelanodes Tmetolophota hartii ‘Hydriomena’ deltoidata ‘Hydriomena’ hemizona Graphania ustistriga Diarsia intermixta Declana atronivea Declana feredayi Declana hermione Dipaustica epiastra Tmetolophota propria Tmetolophota purdii Meterana coeleno Tmetolophota paraxysta Paradetis porphyrias Pasiphila dryas Pasiphila humilis Pasiphila lunata Pseudocoremia monacha Pseudocoremia indistincta Ichneutica ceraunias eredayia graminosa Declana sp. A Declana floccosa Graphania brunneosa Pasiphila inductata Pasiphila lichenodes Meterana diatmeta Tmetolophota unica Tmetolophota semivittata Tmetolophota steropastis Graphania lithias Pseudocoremia productata Pasiphila sandycias Graphania disjungens Declana toreuta Pasiphila semochlora Poecilasthena schistaria Ichneutica marmorata Declana junctilinea Poecilasthena pulchraria Graphania averilla Graphania chlorodonta Meterana pauca N O T E : h e n p i n t e d Aenetus virescens Graphania maya N O T O C A E f t h e r o t h s. m a g e a n d s a l e a r s o w n e r e t 5 % f a c t u a l s z e . 1cm Pseudocoremia suavis Tatosoma fasciata Tatosoma alta Tatosoma apicipallida Xanthorhoe occulta Graphania insignis M etera a merope Meterana praesignis Gellonia pannularia Declana leptomera Hepialidae Graphania infensa Graphania omicron Sarisa muriferata Sestra flexata Sestra humeraria Graphania lindsayi Meterana pictula Aenetus virescens Meterana stipata Mythimna separata 1cm Ischalis variabilis Xyridacma alectoraria Xyridacma veronicae Erebidae Asaphodes chlamydota Asaphodes philpo Asaphodes prasinias Graphania mutans Graphania mollis Aoraia enysii Persectania aversa Proteuxoa tetronycha Schrania costaestrigalis Ischalis fortinata Dumbletonius characterifer Ischalis gallaria Ischalis nelsonaria Austrocidaria gobiata Austrocidaria similata hapsa scotosialis Trigonistis anticlina Graphania sp. f . morosa Graphania olivea Graphania rubescens Physetica prionistis Physetica sequens Wiseana cervinata.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Entomology of the Aucklands and Other Islands South of New Zealand: Lepidoptera, Ex­ Cluding Non-Crambine Pyralidae
    Pacific Insects Monograph 27: 55-172 10 November 1971 ENTOMOLOGY OF THE AUCKLANDS AND OTHER ISLANDS SOUTH OF NEW ZEALAND: LEPIDOPTERA, EX­ CLUDING NON-CRAMBINE PYRALIDAE By J. S. Dugdale1 CONTENTS Introduction 55 Acknowledgements 58 Faunal Composition and Relationships 58 Faunal List 59 Key to Families 68 1. Arctiidae 71 2. Carposinidae 73 Coleophoridae 76 Cosmopterygidae 77 3. Crambinae (pt Pyralidae) 77 4. Elachistidae 79 5. Geometridae 89 Hyponomeutidae 115 6. Nepticulidae 115 7. Noctuidae 117 8. Oecophoridae 131 9. Psychidae 137 10. Pterophoridae 145 11. Tineidae... 148 12. Tortricidae 156 References 169 Note 172 Abstract: This paper deals with all Lepidoptera, excluding the non-crambine Pyralidae, of Auckland, Campbell, Antipodes and Snares Is. The native resident fauna of these islands consists of 42 species of which 21 (50%) are endemic, in 27 genera, of which 3 (11%) are endemic, in 12 families. The endemic fauna is characterised by brachyptery (66%), body size under 10 mm (72%) and concealed, or strictly ground- dwelling larval life. All species can be related to mainland forms; there is a distinctive pre-Pleistocene element as well as some instances of possible Pleistocene introductions, as suggested by the presence of pairs of species, one member of which is endemic but fully winged. A graph and tables are given showing the composition of the fauna, its distribution, habits, and presumed derivations. Host plants or host niches are discussed. An additional 7 species are considered to be non-resident waifs. The taxonomic part includes keys to families (applicable only to the subantarctic fauna), and to genera and species.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing the Invertebrate Fauna Trajectories in Remediation Sites of Winstone Aggregates Hunua Quarry in Auckland
    ISSN: 1179-7738 ISBN: 978-0-86476-417-1 Lincoln University Wildlife Management Report No. 59 Assessing the invertebrate fauna trajectories in remediation sites of Winstone Aggregates Hunua quarry in Auckland by Kate Curtis1, Mike Bowie1, Keith Barber2, Stephane Boyer3 , John Marris4 & Brian Patrick5 1Department of Ecology, Lincoln University, PO Box 85084, Lincoln 7647 2Winstone Aggregates, Hunua Gorge Road, Red Hill 2110, Auckland 3Department of Nature Sciences, Unitec Institute of Technology, PO Box 92025, Auckland 1142. 4Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, PO Box 85084, Lincoln 7647. 5Consultant Ecologist, Wildlands, PO Box 33499, Christchurch. Prepared for: Winstone Aggregates April 2016 Table of Contents Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………....................... 2 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2 Methodology…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4 Results…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8 Discussion……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 31 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 37 Recommendations………………………………………………………………………………………. 38 Acknowlegdements……………………………………………………………………………………… 38 References…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 39 Appendix……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 43 1 Abstract This study monitored the invertebrates in restoration plantings in the Winstone Aggregates Hunua Quarry. This was to assess the re-establishment of invertebrates in the restoration planting sites and compare them with unplanted control and mature sites. This study follows on from
    [Show full text]
  • An Invertebrate Survey of Reserves, Covenants and Significant Remnants of Eastern Banks Peninsula in 2010-2011
    An Invertebrate survey of reserves, covenants and significant remnants of eastern Banks Peninsula in 2010-2011 by Mike Bowie, Cathy Mountier, Barry Fox, Stephane Boyer, Roseanna Gamlen-Greene, Sam Brown, Jon Sullivan, Robert Hoare and Peter Johns Lincoln University Wildlife Management Report No. 25 ISSN: 1177-6242 (Print) ISSN: 1179-7738 (Digital) ISBN: 978-0-86476-269-6 (Print) ISBN: 978-0-86476-270-2 (Digital) Lincoln University Wildlife Management Report No. 25 An Invertebrate survey of reserves, covenants and significant remnants of eastern Banks Peninsula in 2010-2011 by Mike Bowie, Cathy Mountier, Barry Fox, Stephane Boyer, Roseanna Gamlen-Greene, Sam Brown, Jon Sullivan, Robert Hoare (Landcare Research) and Peter Johns (Canterbury Museum) Ecology Division P.O. Box 84 Lincoln University [email protected] Prepared for: Josef Langer Trust & Department of Conservation September 2011 An Invertebrate survey of reserves, covenants and significant remnants of eastern Banks Peninsula in 2010-2011 Abstract Reserves, covenants and bush remnants of the eastern side of Banks Peninsula were surveyed for invertebrates including ground beetles (carabids), weevils, spiders, moths, earthworms and snails. Sixteen carabid species were found including one new Holcaspis species. The six-eyed spider Periegops suterii was found in six sites. Light trapping moths identified 202 species with 122 from Hinewai Reserve alone. Soil sampling found 13 endemic species of worms. New species of millipedes (Diplopoda) and cranefly (Tipulidae) were also found. Recommendations for future research on Banks Peninsula are given. Introduction The Eastern side of Banks Peninsula was created by eruptions and subsequent erosion of the Akaroa volcano which was active between 9 and 8 million years ago (Wilson, 1992).
    [Show full text]
  • Zoologische Mededelingen 78-02
    A new species of the genus Aleiodes Wesmael from New Zealand (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae) C. van Achterberg, L. Berndt, E. Brockerhoff & J. Berry Achterberg, C. van, L. Berndt, E. Brockerhoff & J. Berry. A new species of the genus Aleiodes Wesmael from New Zealand (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae). Zool. Med. Leiden 78 (19), 31.xii.2004: 301-311, figs 1-40.— ISSN 0024-0672. C. van Achterberg, Afdeling Entomologie (Hymenoptera), Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands (e-mail: [email protected]). L. Berndt & E. Brockerhoff, Forest Research, P.O. Box 29237, Fendalton, Christchurch 8004, New Zealand (e-mail: [email protected] / [email protected]). J. Berry, New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand (e-mail: [email protected]). Key words: Hymenoptera; Braconidae; Rogadinae; Aleiodes; New Zealand; Australasian; Oriental; East Palaearctic; new species; distribution; partial key; Geometridae; Ennominae; Declana floccosa; Pseudo- coremia suavis; Pseudocoremia fenerata. A new species of the genus Aleiodes Wesmael, 1838 (Braconidae: Rogadinae: Rogadini), A. declanae spec. nov. from New Zealand is described and illustrated. It has been reared from Declana floccosa Walker, Cleora scriptaria (Walker), Pseudocoremia suavis Butler and P. fenerata Felder & Rogenhofer (Geometridae: Ennominae). Introduction The second and third authors have been involved in compiling information on the parasitoids of an ennomine geometrid, Pseudocoremia suavis Butler, 1879, which had several large scale outbreaks in pine forests in New Zealand. One of the most common parasitoids proved to be an Aleiodes Wesmael, 1838 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Roga- dinae: Rogadini), which turned out to be a new species according to research by the first and last authors.
    [Show full text]
  • Izatha (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Oecophoridae)
    Hoare, R. J. B. 2010: Izatha (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Oecophoridae). Fauna of New Zealand 65, 201 pp. The Copyright notice printed on page 4 applies to the use of this PDF. This PDF is not to be posted on websites. Links should be made to: FNZ.LandcareResearch.co.nz EDITORIAL BOARD Dr R. M. Emberson, c/- Department of Ecology, P.O. Box 84, Lincoln University, New Zealand Dr M. J. Fletcher, Director of the Collections, NSW Agricultural Scientific Collections Unit, Forest Road, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia Dr R. J. B. Hoare, Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand Dr M.-C. Larivière, Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand Mr R. L. Palma, Natural Environment Department, Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, P.O. Box 467, Wellington, New Zealand SERIES EDITOR Dr T. K. Crosby, Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand Fauna of New Zealand Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa Number / Nama 65 Izatha (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Oecophoridae) Robert J. B. Hoare Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland 1142, New Zealand [email protected] with colour plates by B.E. Rhode Manaak i W h e n u a P R E S S Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand 2010 4 Hoare (2010): Izatha (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Oecophoridae) Copyright © Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd 2010 No part of this work covered by copyright may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means (graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping information retrieval systems, or otherwise) without the written permission of the publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • Spillover and Species Interactions Across Habitat Edges Between Managed and Natural Forests
    SPILLOVER AND SPECIES INTERACTIONS ACROSS HABITAT EDGES BETWEEN MANAGED AND NATURAL FORESTS ____________________________________________________ A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Canterbury by Carol M. Frost ____________________________________________________ School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury 2013 Table of Contents Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………...ii List of Tables………………………………………………………………………...…..vi List of Figures…………………………………………………………………………..vii Abstract………………………………………………………………………………...viii Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………....x Chapter I: Introduction………………………………………………………………….1 1.1 Land-use change as the leading cause of biodiversity loss………………………….1 1.2 Biodiversity conservation versus agricultural production…………………………..2 1.3 Spillover edge effects as a mechanism of change in remnant natural ecosystems….3 1.4 Measuring ecological change: species interactions underlie ecosystem function…..5 1.5 Predicting indirect interactions……………………………………………………...6 1.6 Thesis objectives, study system, and outline………………………………………..9 Chapter II: Community-level spillover of natural enemies.........................................14 2.1 Abstract…………………………………………………………………………….14 2.2 Introduction………………………………………………………………………...15 2.3 Methods…………………………………………………………………………….18 2.3.1 Study system…………………………………………………………………...18 2.3.2 Sampling herbivore abundance and parasitism levels…………………………20 2.3.3 Measuring spillover of natural
    [Show full text]
  • Indigenous Insect Fauna and Vegetation of Rakaia Island
    Indigenous insect fauna and vegetation of Rakaia Island Report No. R14/60 ISBN 978-1-927299-84-2 (print) 978-1-927299-86-6 (web) Brian Patrick Philip Grove June 2014 Report No. R14/60 ISBN 978-1-927299-84-2 (print) 978-1-927299-86-6 (web) PO Box 345 Christchurch 8140 Phone (03) 365 3828 Fax (03) 365 3194 75 Church Street PO Box 550 Timaru 7940 Phone (03) 687 7800 Fax (03) 687 7808 Website: www.ecan.govt.nz Customer Services Phone 0800 324 636 Indigenous insect fauna and vegetation of Rakaia Island Executive summary The northern end of Rakaia Island, a large in-river island of the Rakaia River, still supports relatively intact and extensive examples of formerly widespread Canterbury Plains floodplain and riverbed habitats. It is managed as a river protection reserve and conservation area by Canterbury Regional Council, having been retired from grazing since 1985. This report describes the insect fauna associated with indigenous and semi-indigenous forest, shrubland-grassland and riverbed vegetation of north Rakaia Island. A total of 119 insect species of which 112 (94%) are indigenous were recorded from the area during survey and sampling in 2012-13. North Rakaia Island is of very high ecological significance for its remnant indigenous vegetation and flora (including four nationally threatened plant species), its insect communities, and insect-plant relationships. This survey, which focused on Lepidoptera, found many of the common and characteristic moths and butterflies that would have been abundant across the Canterbury Plains before European settlement. Three rare/threatened species and several new species of indigenous moth were also found.
    [Show full text]
  • New World Geometrid Moths (Lepidoptera: Geometridae): Molecular Phylogeny, Biogeography, Taxonomic Updates and Description of 11 New Tribes
    77 (3): 457 – 486 2019 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2019. New World geometrid moths (Lepidoptera: Geometridae): Molecular phylogeny, biogeography, taxonomic updates and description of 11 new tribes Gunnar Brehm *, 1, Leidys Murillo-Ramos 2, 14, Pasi Sihvonen 3, Axel Hausmann 4, B. Christian Schmidt 5, Erki Õunap 6, 7, Alfred Moser 8, Rolf Mörtter 9, Daniel Bolt 10, Florian Bodner 11, Aare Lindt 12, Luis E. Parra 13 & Niklas Wahlberg 14 1 Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie mit Phyletischem Museum, Erbertstr. 1, 07743 Jena, Germany; Gunnar Brehm * [gunnar.brehm @ uni-jena.de] — 2 Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Sucre; Leidys Murillo-Ramos [[email protected]] — 3 Finnish Mu- seum of Natural History, Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13, 00100 Helsinki, Finland; Pasi Sihvonen [[email protected]] — 4 Staatliche Natur- wissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns – Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstr. 21, 81247 München, Germany; Axel Hausmann [[email protected]] — 5 Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids & Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada; B. Christian Schmidt [[email protected]] — 6 Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, 51014 Tartu, Estonia; Erki Õunap [[email protected]] — 7 Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia — 8 UFRGS – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre,
    [Show full text]
  • No. 266, May 2016 ISSN 1175-9755 MIMOSA WILT CAUSING SILK
    No. 266, May 2016 ISSN 1175-9755 MIMOSA WILT CAUSING SILK TREE DIEBACK AND Fusarium oxysporum was identified from isolations MORTALITY made from wood and fruiting bodies found on the stem. F. oxysporum is a species complex comprising of Silk trees, Albizia julibrissin, are popular ornamental many strains or formae speciales. These have a broad trees in streets, parks and private properties. They are a host range and vary significantly in pathogenicity and beautiful shade tree with their natural spreading canopy virulence. The symptoms suggested the fungus could and prolific pink flowers in summer. In 2015, a significant be F. oxysporum f. sp. perniciosum, the cause of mimosa number of Albizia started dying in Pukekohe, south of wilt. This pathogen is native to central China to Iran and Auckland. Early in 2016, Albizia with similar symptoms was introduced to USA in the early 1800s. It is present in were evident in Papatoetoe, Auckland. Puerto Rico, Argentina, Greece, and is likely to be in Russia and Japan. The disease often results in rapid death of the tree. In 2005, samples were sent for DNA analysis and based on sequences available in genbank at the time, the results were inconclusive. The Ministry for Primary Industries was informed of a potential new to New Zealand discovery and we retained cultures for future reference. In early 2007, a Scion pathologist collected samples from a group of silk trees of various ages growing in Tauranga that were showing severe dieback. This time, the sequences from DNA analysis were identical to those of F. oxysporum f.
    [Show full text]
  • Entomological and Other Factors in the Ecology of a Pinus Radiata Plantation
    RAWLINGS: ECOLOGY OF Pil1uS radiata ENTOMOLOGICAL AND OTHER FACTORS IN THE ECOLOGY OF A PINUS RADIATA PLANTATION G. B. RAWLINGS Forest Research Institute, Rotorua INTRODUCTION will be described and their effects traccd from thc timc of planting in 1922. The details Kaingaroa Forest contains approximately apply only to arcas of similar age and site 115,000 acres of Pil1us radiata D. Don. Of this and must not be taken to apply to areas acreage there are 15,000 acres on which the on other sites or during diffcrent climatic trees are so poor that the areas have been cycles. Only those factors which appcar to scheduled for conversion to other species. havc been of grcatest importance will be These trees are short and heavily branched dealt with. No doubt many events have and many have multiple leaders; these areas passed unobserved or unrecorded or have were mostly understocked in the early been misunderstood at the time. In retro- stages. The reasons for this condition are spect the exact influence of anyone factor to be found in the climatic factors, such as can only be inferred. No sequence of events frost and wind, and in the soil conditions, has yet been cxactly repeated and probably which result from the high elevation, clima- never will be. The prcsence of thc forest, tic factors and poor drainage. These soil apart [rom all other factors, has so changed conditions were indicated in the original thc site conditions that nothing but rcpeated flora by the presence of Dracophyllum subu- fires, or another eruption, could bring about laturn Hook f.
    [Show full text]
  • Sterrhinae Larentiinae Archiearinae Desmobathrinae Epidesmiinae New
    100/100 05_srnp_19273 SEMATCoronidia orithea Sematuridae 99.2/92 RWH_96_0877 SEMAT Sematura lunus 92.6/71 GB_Geo_019 UN Genus sp unnamed clade 26.9/40 PseBi1 PSEUDOB Pseudobiston pinratanai Pseudobistonidae 100/100 AYK_04_5215 EPICO Epicopeia hainesii 100/100 Epicopeiidae MM09158 EPICO Epicopeia mencia 100/100 Br_Geo_0169 URANI Genus sp Uraniidae 97.6/99 Pe_Geo_0675 URANI Genus sp 99.1/100 98.7/97 MM07630 URANI Phazaca mutans MM07632 URANI Lobogethes interrupta 99.4/96 MM09897 URANI Acropteris sp 99/99 MM09171 URANI Urapteroides astheniata 98.4/93 MM09173 URANI Chrysiridia ripheus NW96_7 URANI Urania leilus 99.9/100 gb_ID_17186 OENO > STER MECO Ergavia sp see PS unnamed clade Sterrhinae 99.8/100 CNCLEP00152613 OENO > STER MECO Ametris nitocris see PS see Sihvonen et al. (2020) gb_ID_22654 OENO > STER MECO Macrotes netrix see PS 88.7/97 100/100 gb_ID_19370 COSY Pleuroprucha sp Cosymbiini 82.4/68 TTNG054 COSY Cyclophora sp 29.9/48 MM00032 COSY Cyclophora punctaria 99.9/99 gb_ID_19142 COSY Cyclophora rufifrons 100/100 TTBO020 COSY Cyclophora sp 100/100 AM_94_0358 TIMANDRI Haematopis grataria 97.8/100 MM08391 TIMANDRI Timandra griseata Timandrini 99.4/99 EO0252 TIMANDRI Timandra comae 100/100 PS244 TIMANDRI > RHODOM Traminda vividaria see PS Rhodometrini / PS252 COSY > RHODOM Pseudosterrha falcata see PS 98.5/98 91.6/41 MM00184 RHODOM Rhodometra sacraria Lythriini see Sihvonen et al. 96.8/97 MM00216 RHODOM Afrophyla vethi ZooScr2 LYTH > RHODOM Lythria venustata 100/100 99.7/100 EO0320 LYTH > RHODOM Lythria cruentaria 99.9/100 ZooScr3 LYTH > RHODOM Lythria sanguinaria 87.7/99 99.2/98 EO0377 LYTH > RHODOM Lythria purpuraria ZooScr1 LYTH > RHODOM Lythria plumularia 80.9/56 AH7746 CYLL Atyria chibcha 98.7/98 bo_chi_386 RHODOS Rhodostrophia cauquenensis Cyllopodini / MM06697 RHODOS Rhodostrophia vibicaria 100/90 92/43 Rhodostrophiini gb_ID_17542 RHODOS? > CYLL Tricentra gavisata see Sihvonen et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Hedging Our Bets: Choosing Hedgerow Plants to Enhance Beneficial
    Hedging our bets: choosing hedgerow plants to enhance beneficial insects to optimise crop pollination and pest management on Canterbury farms Davidson MM, Howlett BG June 2010 A report prepared for: MAF SFF, Grant No. L09-009 Melanie M Davidson Plant & Food Research, Location Brad G Howlett Plant & Food Research, Location SPTS No. 4104 PFR Client Report No. 37105 PFR Contract No. 24631 DISCLAIMER Unless agreed otherwise, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited does not give any prediction, warranty or assurance in relation to the accuracy of or fitness for any particular use or application of, any information or scientific or other result contained in this report. Neither Plant & Food Research nor any of its employees shall be liable for any cost (including legal costs), claim, liability, loss, damage, injury or the like, which may be suffered or incurred as a direct or indirect result of the reliance by any person on any information contained in this report. This report has been prepared by The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (Plant & Food Research), which has its Head Office at 120 Mt Albert Rd, Mt Albert, Auckland. This report has been approved by: Melanie Davidson Scientist/Researcher, Vegetable, Arable & Southern Entomology Date: 23 June 2010 Louise Malone Science Group Leader, Applied Entomology Date: 23 June 2010 Contents Executive summary i 1 Introduction 3 2 Methods 4 3 Results 5 4 Conclusions and recommendations 9 5 Acknowledgements 10 6 References 10 7 Appendices 12 Executive summary Hedging our bets: choosing hedgerow plants to enhance beneficial insects to optimise crop pollination and pest management on Canterbury farms Davidson M, Howlett BG, June 2010, SPTS No.
    [Show full text]