The Removal of the Winnebago Indians from Wisconsin in 1873-4 by Lawrence W

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NAME INDEX

THE REMOVAL OF THE WINNEBAGO INDIANS FROM WISCONSIN IN 1873-4 BY LAWRENCE W. ONSAGER

No attempt has been made to update Winnebago with Ho-Chunk.

Ah-ha-cho-gah (see also Ah-ha-cho-ker/Blue Wing) (?-1893), 222, 223, 254 Ahuzipga see Winneshiek, Old, 145 Anderson, Moses, 148 Merchant, La Crosse, WI; signed document certifying good character of Winnebago, 1873. Arnold, Alexander A. (1833-1915), 92, 95-100, 104-5, 107, 113 Captain, Company C, 30th Wis. Inf; native of Trempealeau County, Wis (errata, 30th Regt, not 13th). Arthur, Evan, 243 Merchant, Portage, testified to the good character of the Winnebago/Ho chunk, 1874. Atkinson, Henry (1782-1842), 35, 38-9, 41, 53-61 General Atkinson led troops from St. Louis, 1827. Atwater, Caleb (1778-1867), 9, 10, 12-13, 22 Commissioner at the 1829 Winnebago treaty; politician, historian, and early archaeologist from Ohio; wrote “Remarks Made on a Tour to Prairie du Chien . . . 1829.” Austin, Mrs. Isaac (Emily A. Thrall, c1839-?), 108 Resident on Germantown Road, Juneau Co, WI, 1863. Bacon, J. M., 209 Wrote letter to U. S. Adjutant General Baker, William T., 219, 242-4 Resident of Oakdale Township, Monroe Co, Wis; a removal agent; swore under oath that the Winnebago were not ill-treated, 1874 (errata, William T., not William Y). Banfield, E. C., 128 Office of Indian Affairs, 1874. Barber, J(oel) Allen (1809-1881), 137-140, 149, 170, 257-8 U. S. congressman from Lancaster, Wis., 1873-74. Barron, Henry Danforth (1833-1882), 248-50 Wis. State Senator from St. Croix Falls; supported removal of Winnebago, 1874. Bates, R. J., 237 Hunt removal agent, 1874. Battice, George, 174 Resident of Douglas Township, Marquette Co, WI; full-blood Winnebago, represented by Henry W. Lee, 1873. Battice, Henry, 174 Resident of Douglas Township, Marquette Co, WI; full-blood Winnebago, represented by Henry W. Lee, 1873.

Battice, Jacob, 174 Resident of Douglas Township, Marquette Co, WI; full-blood Winnebago, represented by Henry W. Lee, 1873. Beach, Horace (1818-1905), 137-140, 257-8, 279 Merchant, Prairie du Chien; hired by Winnebago to inquire about removal plans, 1872, 1874. Bean, John (1817-?), 243-4 Merchant, Portage, WI; attested to the good character of the Winnebago, 1874. Bearheart, Flora Thundercloud (WaNekChaWinKa), 48 Fieldnotes by Frances Perry; daughter of Moheek Thundercloud (MaZheeWeeKah) and Annie Blowsnake (WeConChaSkaWinKah). Belknap, William W. (1829-1890), 202, 230-2 Secretary of War, 1873. Bentley, George, 57 Letter to David Lowry, Office of Indian Affairs, 1840. Big Boat Decorah (also known was One Eyed Decorah, Big Canoe Decorah), 44, 52 Brother of Waukaunhakaw or Snakeskin Decorah, name taken from an exploit during War of 1812, Bird clan; member of delegation to Washington, D. C., 1837; band leader near Black River Falls, 1840. Big Canoe (see also Big Boat Decorah), 59 Camp on east side of Mississippi River (near Black River Falls?), 1840. Big Bear, 190 Leader of second largest band of Nebraska Winnebago, 1873. Big Hawk, 177-8, 180, 184-5, 196, 198-9, 201, 211-14, 246,262-3 Influential Winnebago leader in his 40s, Warrior clan; camped near the Dells of the Wisconsin, 1873. Big Head, 53 Winnebago band lead, southcentral Wisconsin, no settled home, 1840. Big Jim, 213, 218 Member of Big Hawk’s band on the Baraboo River; conspicuous because he was very tall, 1873. Big Nose, 253 Kept his son from shooting Charles A. Hunt, Pine Creek Railroad Station, Trempealeau County, Wisconsin, Feb 1874. Big Soldier, 60 Bear clan; Apprehended with his band near the Fox and Puckaway lakes by Captain Clark W. Thompson, 1841. The lakes are located in Dodge and Green Lake counties, 16 miles apart in a region of lakes, creeks, marshes and rivers just to the east of the Fox- Wisconsin Portage (Portage City). Big Thunder, 60 Leader of a band of 100 located near Black River Falls, Wis., 1841. Black Cloud, 220 Leader of band of 30 Winnebago located on the Mississippi River bottom. Captured by C. A. Hunt about 10 miles south of Trempealeau Village, Dec 1873.

Black Hawk, 36-7 Sac Indian leader during the Black Hawk War, 1832. Black Hawk, 246, 273 Winnebago leader reported to have returned from Nebraska with 30 others to the vicinity of Prairie du Chien, Warrior clan, Jul 1874. Black Hawk, Old, 159, 161 A Sac Indian leader located in Oklahoma. Black Wolf, 42, 51, 58 Bear clan; A spokesman for the Winnebago, 1837, 1840; his son signed the 1837 removal treaty. Black Wolf’s Son, 42, 51, 53 Bear clan; member of 1837 Winnebago delegation that signed the removal treaty, This treaty signed under duress by a delegation with no authority to cede lands was considered fraudulent by the Winnebago/Ho chunk (Lurie, 1966). Bleekman, Adelbert E., (1846-1908), 247-9 Wisconsin senator from Tomah; he supported removal of the Winnebago, 1874. Bloom, John P., 50-53 Editor, Territorial Papers of the United States. Blue Wing (see also Ah-ha-cho-gah), 145, 222 Blue Wing owned 40 acres of land near the Tunnel in Monroe County, Wisconsin. Bon, David B. (1825-1889), 216, 224, 243, 268-72, 275 Ex-Monroe County Sheriff; Hunt assistant, 1873-4; Errata: Daniel B. Bon should be David B. Bon, page 243. Booth, William S., 66 Grant County resident; involved in Muscoda incident, 1846. Botsford, _____, 221, 223 Corporal, military detachment, 20th US Infantry, Fort Snelling, MN, 1873. Bowyer, John (Abt. 1772-1820), 30-31 Colonel, Indian Agent, Green Bay, WI, 1816-1820; born in Augusta County, VA, about 1792, served as an army officer, 1792-1815. Bradford, Robert E. (1840-?), 276 Resident of Millston, Jackson County, Wis; advocate for the Winnebago, 1874. Bradley, Taylor (1820-1898), 232-3, 259-62, 265-7, 269, 271, 275 Nebraska Winnebago Indian Agent, 1873-4. Branch, H. B., 88 Superintendent of Indian Affairs, Dakotah Territory, 1863. Bransfield, Michael, 243 Resident of Sparta, Wis; made statement denying any ill-treatment of the Winnebago during their removal to Nebraska, 1874. Briggs, John E., 38 Iowa Old and New, 1939, pp. 100-1. Brisbois, Bernard W. (1808-1885), 63 American Fur Company agent, testified to the good behavior of the Winnebago, 1846. Brockway, Eustace L. (1826-1901), 131-2, 228-9, 237, 246 Lumberman, Black River Falls, Wis; wished to be the Winnebago removal agent, hired by Charles A. Hunt as a removal assistant. Brooke, George M. (1785-1851), 60-1 General, Military correspondence, Winnebago, 1840-1. Brown, Charles Edward (1872-1946), 23 “Lake Monona,” 1922; archaeologist, co-founder of Wisconsin Archaeologist and museum director of the Wisconsin Historical Society. Brown, Dee (Dorris Alexander) (1908-2002), 182 Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee, 1971; American novelist, historian and librarian. Brown, Orlando (1801-1867), 78-80, 82 Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 1850. Bruce, William H., 78-9, 82 Reports, sub-agent for the Menominee, 1850. Brush, Edmund A., 42 Special agent, Indian Department, 1835. Buck, Edwin, 65 Grant County resident, involved in Muscoda incident, 1846. Buckingham, William (1804-1875), 141 Senator from Connecticut, 1872. Buell, H. Dan, 223, 227 Deputy sheriff, Sauk County, WI; demanded that Federal troops obey a habeas corpus, 1873. Buffalo Calf, 35 Winnebago/Ho-Chunk; one of three alleged murders delivered to Colonel Whistler at the Fox-Wisconsin Portage, 1827. Bunn, Romanzo (1829-1909), 242 Judge, Sixth Wisconsin Circuit, Sparta, WI; supported Winnebago removal, 1874. Bunnell, Lafayette H (1824-1903), 127 Resident, Homer, MN; offered his services as Winnebago removal agent to Governor Fairchild of Wisconsin, 1869. Bunnell, Warren, 252 Farmer, West Prairie Township, Trempealeau, WI; fed a group of Indians, protested that it was inhuman to let them starve, 1874. Burbank, John A. (1827-1905), 88 Indian agent, letter to Office of Indian Affairs, 1863. Burchard, Samuel D., 247-9 Wisconsin State senator from Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, 1874. Burgoyne, John, 26 British general, 1777; disliked Indian auxiliaries. Button, S. W., 252 Lawyer and Jackson County, Wisconsin leader, 1874. Callender, Charles, 11 “Great Lakes – Riverine Sociopolitical Organization,” 1978. Cameron, Angus (1826-1897), 148 Politician, lawyer, La Crosse, WI; signed document certifying good behavior of Winnebago, 1873. Canby, Edward R. R. (1817-1873), 181 General, killed by Modoc Indians, 1873. Captain Mike (see also Mike Staces), 165 Member of Winnebago delegation to visit Indian Territory and choose possible reservation, April-May, 1873; not identified, perhaps Tcoraminanka or P’dtcoga? Ca Ra Cho Monazga (Moving Blue Sky Man) (White Whale), 178 Winnebago band leader, white settlers referred to him as “White Whale”, belonged to Thunder clan and was a member of the Caramonee family; member of delegation to Washington, D. C., 1873 Caramaunee, 81, 218 Carimonee, 175 Caromonee, 96, 145, 147 Caromonee, Old, 145, 147 The family of Naw Kaw Karimonee (see) were members of the Bird clan, Naw Kaw was succeeded by his nephew. Spelling varies in the accounts. See also Little Caramonee; Old Caromonee asked Oliver Winters to write against removal, 1873. Carnahan, A., 243 Resident of Sparta, Wisconsin; made statement denying that the Winnebago were ill- treated during removal. Carter, William, 101 Clearfield Township, Juneau County, WI settler; engaged in illegal whiskey sales to the Winnebago, 1863. Cash, William Henry Harrison (1843-1924), 212, 221-4, 227, 142-3, 279, 280 New Lisbon merchant; assisted Charles Hunt in removal of the Winnebago, 1873-4. Cass, Lewis, 21, 31, 35, 42, Governor of Michigan Territory (1825-6; 1828-9); Secretary of War (1831-36). Cate, George Washington (1825-1905), 123 Circuit court judge presiding over the trial of Bill Dandy for the murder of Frank Provonsal, 1863. Chambers, John (1780-1852), 62 Governor of Iowa; attempted to induce Winnebago to move to Minnesota, July 1843. Chandler, Julius, 146, 154, 182 Julius “Shanghai” Chandler, editor of the Augusta Herald; wrote an unflattering description of Charles A. Hunt, 1873. Chase, H. W., 265 Attorney, Sioux Falls, IA, 1874 Che-a-nau-chinger (Stands in the Lodge), 157 Son of Old Winneshiek, a Thunder Clan member; member of delegation to choose a reservation for the Winnebago in the Indian Territory, 1873. Chow-ca-zinker (see Che-a-nau-chinger), 263 Son of Old Winneshiek; sent a petition to President Grant, March 1874. Clark, ______, 106-7 Judge of Portage, Wisconsin, who sought a writ of habeas corpus inquiring as to why Winnebago were being detained in New Lisbon, 1863. George Rogers Clark (1752-1819), 26 Captured Fort Vincennes, 1779. Clark, Satterlee (1816-1881), 240 Pioneer Indian trader and politician; supported Winnebago remaining in Wisconsin, 1874. Clark, William H., 123 Attorney from Baraboo, WI; defended Bill Dandy, 1863. Clonozhunges, 147 Member of Winnebago delegation to Washington, 1873. Clum, H. R. (Henry R.), 125, 154-5, 174-5 Acting Commissioner, Office of Indian Affairs, 1873. Colver, N., 263, 279-80 Resident of New Lisbon; called for humane treatment of the Winnebago, 1874. Comstock, Noah D. (1832-1890), 252-3 Wisconsin State Assemblyman, Trempealeau, 1874. Cowan, ______, 150-52, 170 General; acting Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 1873. Cox, Jacob D. (1829-1900), 128-9 Secretary of the Interior, 1870. Crane, Mary (see also Indian Mary), 87-8, 147, 149-50, 155-7, 164, 166, 183, 199, 201, 234 Winnebago interpreter, 1860s and 1870s; mixed blood woman educated at Kalamazoo, Michigan, her father was a white man. For a number of years, she lived with her white family. Although not a Winnebago, she married a Winnebago and returned to the Indian lifestyle. For many years, she lived on Prairie Island in the Mississippi River about two miles above Winona, Minnesota. Crawford, Richard C., 180 “Edward Parmalee Smith, 1873-75” in The Commissioners of Indian Affairs, 1824-1977, 1979; Smith (1823-1876), a Congregationalist Minister, served as commission under President Grant. Crawford, T. (Thomas) Hartley (1786-1863), 53 Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 1839. Creek, 231 Winnebago band leader, 1873. Dandy (Roaring Thunder, The Thunders Cheer Him, Old Dandy) (? - 1869), 48-53, 55-7, 59, 60, 62, 68-71, 74-5, 79-83, 90-1, 93-4, 96-102, 104, 107, 109-114, 116-17, 120, 126-7, 144, 147, 168, 171, 176, 278, 281 Leader of the dissident Winnebago who remained in Wisconsin after the treaty of 1837. Juliette Kinzie in Waubun states that he was called Dandy because he dressed as a dandy in his younger years, Frances Perry points out that the Ho-Chunk word for thunder is “donda (sic?).” Dandy, Bill, 120-124, 218 Son of Dandy; charged with murder, 1869; captured in Juneau County and removed, 1873. Dandy’s brother, 97 Attended council, 1863. Davis, Moses M., 90-1, 94, 107 Wisconsin Indian agent for the Green Bay agency, 1862-3. Davis, Romanzo E. (1831-1908), 247-250 Wisconsin State Senator, Middleton, WI, 1874. Day-Kau-Ray, 20-1 Mixed-blood Winnebago chief, 1830s. Decorah (DeKora), 96, 101, 109, 117 Mixed blood Winnebago chief at New Lisbon council, 1863. Decorah, Old, 157 Father of P’etcoga (Green Forehead), 1873. DeKora see Decorah Delano, Columbus (1809-1896), 136, 139-40, 153, 179, 181, 195-6, 202, 205-6, 209, 230-33, 251, 261-2 Secretary of the Interior, 1872-1874. Dewey, Nelson (1813-1889), 78, 80 Governor of Wisconsin, 1850. Dewhurst, Richard (1826-1895), 277 Assemblyman from Clark and Jackson counties, 1875. Dodge, Henry (1782-1767), 35, 38-41, 43-4, 51-6, 62, 64, 66-7, 69, 70, 73 Veteran of the Black Hawk War and Wisconsin Territorial Governor, 1828-1848. Doty, James D., 41-2 Attorney representing the 8 Winnebago accused of murder, 1828, 1835. Dougherty, Cornelius, 40-41 Indian trader, married to the daughter of Whirling Thunder; suspected of advising the Winnebago to return to the Rock River country, 1833. Douglas, Mark, 239 Member of State Assembly from Clark and Jackson counties; introduced a memorial against removal of the Winnebago, 1874. Dousman, Hercules L. (1800-1868), 72, 144 Indian trader at Prairie du Chien; Winnebago supporter. Duck, 42-3, 79 Winnebago band leader, 1850. Eastman, Albridge (1838-1922), 237, 242, 246 Reporter for Badger State Banner, Black River Falls, WI; wrote a glowing but misleading report about the Nebraska reservation, 1874. Eastman, Seth, 77 Captain from Fort Snelling; accompanied Winnebago to Long Prairie Reservation, 1848. Edmunds, George (1028-1919), 142 U. S. Senator, Vermont, 1873. Edwards, Ninian (1775-1833), 29 Governor, Illinois Territory, 1812. Elk, 81 Winnebago band leader, Lemonweir River, 1850. Estes, James B., 65-66 Grant County resident; served as peace maker in the Muscoda incident, 1846. Fairchild, Lucius (1831-1896), 127, 130-31 Wisconsin governor, 1869. Fletcher, Jonathan (c1806-1872), 63-4, 67, 69, 74-6, 80-83 Winnebago Indian agent, 1846. Folwell, William, 72, 77, 80, 83-4 A History of Minnesota, 1921-30.

Fonda, John H., 75-6 Prairie du Chien pioneer; Lt. Fonda, Dodge Guards, captured Winnebago along Seven Mile Creek, Juneau County, WI, May 1848. Four Legs (Neokautah/O-Check-Ka), 28-9, 32, 48-9 Head chief, Winnebago, War of 1812, 1810-1813, treaty councils, 1825 and 1827. George, Lloyd (1798-1870), 96 Winnebago trader in New Lisbon, Juneau Co, WI, 1863. George, Thomas Jefferson, 96 Winnebago trader in New Lisbon, Juneau Co, WI; interpreter, age 19, Winnebago council, New Lisbon, 13 Jul 1863. George Decorah, 122, 218, 242-3 Winnebago leader, Juneau Co, WI, 1869; pricked with bayonets for resisting removal, Dec 1873. Giddings, Joshua R., 91 US Consul General, Montreal, 1862. Gokey, Joe, 152 Interpreter, Wisconsin Menominee; brother of Lu Gokey. Gokey, Lu, 152, 159 Interpreter for Sac and Fox Indians, 1873. Good Fish, 109, 116 Winnebago leader, Fish clan member; member delegation to council with Governor Solomon, 17 Jul 1863. Good Village, 215 Winnebago; gave up tribal relations to remain in Wisconsin, 1873. Goodvillage, George, 256 Charles A. Hunt removal agent, Prairie du Chien, 1874. Gorrell, James, 25 British lieutenant, French and Indian War; occupied Green Bay, 1761. Graham, George, 242 Judge, Tomah, Monroe Co, WI; supported removal of Winnebago, 1874. Grant, Ulysses S., 132-3, 150, 175, 179-80, 191, 200, 204-5, 261-65, 276 President of United States; peace policy, Indian affairs. Gray-headed Decorah (?-1836), 53 Winnebago leader, brother of One-eyed Decorah or Big Canoe, father of Spoon Decorah and White French Decorah. Gray Wolf, 189, 192, 194, 199 Nebraska Winnebago band leader; brother of Little Priest; head chief, 1873. Green, John, 49-50 Major, commander at Fort Winnebago, 1836. Green Wing, 223 Smoke’s niece; forcibly released from Winnebago removal agents at Reedsburg, Dec 1873. Gregory, Jared C. (1828-1892), 240, 243-4 Prominent lawyer and mayor of Madison, WI; supported Winnebago remaining in WI, 1874.

Greve, H., 216 Hop merchant, Sparta, WI; housed captive Winnebago, 1873. Griffith, David A., 113, 119-20, 122-6, 128 Special agent for the stray bands of Winnebago and Pottawatomie Indians of WI, Captain in the army, detached for the duty; he became the new Indian agent on July 5, 1869, head quartered at New Lisbon, WI. Grignon, Antoine (1828-1913), 252-3 Winnebago trader; resident of Trempealeau County, WI; Charles Hunt removal agent, 1874. Ha-gah-he (?-1874), 262 Winnebago, son of Big Hawk; died at Nebraska reservation, April 17, 1874. Hall, Robert L., 6 Archeology of Caracajou Point, 1962 Harlan, James (1820-1899), 142 US Senator from Iowa; supported Winnebago removal, 1873. Harris, Carey A. (1806-1842), 44-5 Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 1837. Harrison, William H. (1773-1841), 28 Governor of Indiana Territory, 1811. Hazelton, Gerry W. (1829-1920), 174 Member U. S. House of Representatives, Wisconsin, 1873. Heath, Hiram, 65 Grant County resident; Muscoda Incident, hid Winnebago, 1846. Hemphill, J. T. (1826-1900, 242 Banker, Sparta, WI; supported removal of Winnebago, 1874. Hesse, Emanuel, 26-7 Wisconsin Indian trader, formerly Captain, 60th British Regiment; assembled Winnebago at the Fox-Wisconsin Portage for expedition against the Spanish and Americans, 1780. High Snake, 215 Member of Big Hawk’s band of Winnebago; gave up tribal relations to remain in Wisconsin, 1873. Hi-Nucker, 194 Wisconsin Winnebago; accompanied the delegation to find a reservation, forced to remain in Nebraska, July 1873. Hill, 79 Winnebago band leader, 1850. Hitchcock, R. (Reuben) P. (1840-1903), 242 Merchant, Tomah, WI; supported Winnebago removal, 1874. Hoag, Enoch (1812-1884), 153, 158 Superintendent, Central [Indian] Agency, 1873. Hollister, S. D., 88-90 Resident of Tomah, Indian panic, 1862. Hoowaneka (see Little Elk), 21 Winnebago chief and orator, Thunder clan member, fought on side of British in War of 1812, signed treaties between 1825 and 1832.

Howard, Oliver O. (1830-1909), 180 Brigadier General, who made a peace mission to the Apaches; recommended Edward P. Smith to be Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 1872. Howe, Timothy O. (1816-1883), 140-2, 144, 148-9, 170-1, 205 US Congressman from Wisconsin, 1872-3. Hunt, A. O., 223-4 Court commissioner, Reedsbur; as part of white resistance to the removal of the Winnebago, he issued a writ of habeas corpus, 1873. Hunt, Charles A. (1829-1899), 145-6, 154-6, 163-4, 166-8, 170, 172, 177-183, 186-90, 193-209- 12, 214-222, 225, 227, 229-34, 237, 240-42, 244-7, 250-60, 262-66, 268, 271-2, 274-6, 278, 281 Resident of Melvina, Monroe Co, WI; appointed as Winnebago removal agent on January 9, 1873. Hutchins, James, 94-5 A Strangite Morman of Black River Falls, WI; wrote letter for Dandy to Governor Solomon, 1863. Indian Frank, 274 Band leader of returning Winnebago to Wisconsin, 1874. Indian Jim, 117 Winnebago band leader in southcentral Wisconsin, Sep 1863. Indian Mary see Crane, Mary, 147, 149-51, 234 Jaeger, E. S. (Ernest Leonard) (1831-1915), 244 Portage, WI merchant; made a sworn statement attesting to the good character of the Winnebago, 1874; errata: E. L. not E. S. Jaeger. Jern Shaw, 234 Winnebago Indian remaining in Wisconsin, 1873. John Little John, 215 Winnebago member of Big Hawk’s band; gave up tribal relations to remain in Wisconsin, 1873. Jones, John A., 25-33, 35-7, 41-3 “Winnebago Ethnology” in Winnebago Indians, New York, 1974. Josephy, Alvin M., Jr., 133 The Indian Heritage of America, 1968. Kaishkepeykau, 52 Winnebago band leader, belonged to Caromanee family, signed treaties in 1829 and 1837 (Lurie, Nancy O., “A Checklist of Treaty Signers by Clan Affiliation,” Journal of the Wisconsin Indian Research Institute, v. II, No. 1, June 1966, p. 64, #66); despised by Dandy for removing west of the Mississippi, 1838. Kar-i-mo-nee (see Caromanee), 53, 55 Winnebago band leader located on the Baraboo River 27 miles from Fort Winnebago, 1838-9. Kar-re-cho-sep-ne-ker (see also Little Black Hawk), 157, 162, 169, 170 Member of the Winnebago delegation to choose a new reservation, considered to be the richest man in his tribe. Keenan, Patrick, 275 Resident of Yellow River Valley, Juneau County, WI; secretary of a group that signed a resolution protesting the return of the Winnebago, 1874. Kejiqueweka, 58 Probably a Winnebago leader gathered up by Captain Edwin V. Sumner, 1840. Kellogg, Louise P., 49 “The Winnebago Visit to Washington in 1828,” Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters, Transactions, v. 29 (1935): 347-354. Keokuk, Old, 159 Sac and Fox agency, Oklahoma, 1873. Kershaw, William J. (c1834-1883), 123 Resident of Big Spring, Adams Co, WI, Wisconsin State Senator; volunteer assistant defense attorney for Bill Dandy, 1869. Kilbourn, Byron, 195-6, 198, 200, 201 Resident of Milwaukee; prominent attorney hired by the Winnebago, 1873. Kingsley, Volney, 252-4, 263, 265 Farmer, West Prairie, Trempealeau Co, WI; Charles A. Hunt assistant, 1874. Kingston, John T. (1819-1899), 94-6, 108, 119, 121, 126, 129, 250 Resident of Necedah, WI, former state senator, lumberman, acquaintance of Dandy, 1863. Kinzie, John H. (1803-1865), 40-2, 51-2 Winnebago subagent at Fort Winnebago, 1833. Kinzie, Juliette (1806-1870), 14, 21 Wife of Winnebago subagent; wrote Wau-Bun, 1856 describing the Winnebago and life at Fort Winnebago, 1830s. Knowlton, Wiram (1816-1863), 74, 77 Captain, Territorial Volunteers; gathered up groups of Winnebago for shipment to La Crosse, WI, 1848. Kvasnika, Robert M., 180 The Commissioners of Indian Affairs, 1824-1977, 1979. Lamoreaux, Oliver H., 118 Special agent for the stray bands of Winnebago, 1865-1868. Langlade, Charles (1729-1801), 25-7 French-Ottawa fur trader at Green Bay; called the “Father of Wisconsin.” La Ronde, John T. de (1802-1879), 57-8, 69-70, 109, 116, 178, 182, 186, 194 Fur trader, farmer, interpreter; guided Captain Sumner, 1840; first attempted to work for Hunt as a removal agent, then opposed the removal, 1873-4. La Vigne, Euzeb (1817-1899), 89 Sheriff of Wood Co, WI; Indian panic of 1862. Lee, F., 79 Colonel, Office of Indian Affairs, 1850. Lee, Henry W. (1836-1928), 174-9, 182, 195, 205-6, 213, 214, 225, 235, 240-41, 243-4, 251-2, 261-3, 271, 279 Lawyer from Portage, WI; retained to represent Winnebago interests against removal, 1873-4. Leonard, Mr., 216 Charles A. Hunt assistant in Sparta, WI, 1873.

Levy, John M., 148 Ex-mayor, La Crosse, WI; signed document certifying good behavior of the Winnebago, 1873. Lightening, 224 Child of Sunday Chief; among the Winnebago released at Reedsburg, 1873. Lignery, Marchand de, 24 Led French military expedition, 1728. Little Bear, 219 Winnebago band leader near Trempealeau River, 1873. Little Black Hawk (see also Kar-re-cho-sep-ne-ker), 157, 162, 169, 184 Member of the Winnebago delegation to choose a new reservation, considered to be the richest man in his tribe. Little Carimonee see also Caramaunee, 79 Winnebago band leader of 30-40 determined not to leave Wisconsin, 1850. Little Crow’s Foot, 234 Among Winnebago remaining in Wisconsin despite the removal effort, 1874. Little Decorah (Standing Cloud), 189-90, 194, 198-9, 205 Nebraska Winnebago band leader, Bird clan member; brother-in-law of John T. de La Ronde, second chief and leader of the largest band of Winnebago in Nebraska, 1873. Little Decorah, 55 Perhaps the same as the Nebraska leader; Dandy, Carrimonee and Little Decorah met with the Indian agent to discuss removal in 1840. Little Elk, see Hoomanekah, 21 Little Hill (Shogoni), 189 Nebraska Winnebago band leader, Buffalo clan member, signed treaties of 1837, 1846, 1859, and 1865; welcomed the first Wisconsin Winnebago removed to Nebraska in 1873. Little Island, 159 Sac and Fox tribe, member of Keokuk’s band; caused an Indian scare during the Winnebago delegation’s visit to Indian Territory, 1873. Little Priest, 42, 47, 52, 192 Rock River Winnebago band leader located in Illinois, Bear clan member, signed treaties in 182, 1832, 1837, 1846, and 1855; led Rock River bands to Baraboo River after the treaty of 1832, 1833. Little Snake, 96, 117 Winnebago band leader from Rock River, Snake clan, signed treaties of 1832 and 1837; attended council in New Lisbon, 1862. Little Soldier, 47, 53, 55-7 Winnebago leader near Fox-Wisconsin portage, Bear clan member, signed treaty of 1837; disapproved of the treaty of 1837, stating that they were forced to sign, 1840. Little Soldier see Dandy, 49 Even though Dandy was sometimes called Little Soldier both men were named as separate leaders on the Baraboo River in 1840. Little Thunder, 189, 194 Nebraska Winnebago band leader, “little’ usually signifies son, father not identified; part of a 3 member

Lockwood, James H (1793-1857), 34-5 Prairie du Chien merchant and judge; story of Winnebago War of 1827 and Treaty of 1829. Lowry, David (1796-1877), 54-5, 57, 60-1 Cumberland Presbyterian minister, Winnebago subagent; established his residency at Turkey River, Iowa, 1840. Lurie, Nancy Oestreich (1924-2017), 1-2, 4, 6, 35, 44, 46-9, 88, 186, 191-2, 277 American anthropologist, Winnebago specialist. Lynx’s son, 79 Winnebago band leader, 1850. Mack, Stephen, Jr. (1798-1850), 40 Fox-Wisconsin portage Indian trader, 1833. Mahan, Bruce E., 61, 68, 72-74, 76-7 Old Fort Crawford, 1926 Maloney, M., 78-9 Captain, 4th Infantry, Fort Howard, Green Bay, WI, 1850. Martin, Lawrence, 7 The Physical Geography of Wisconsin, 2nd edition, 1932. Maus-a-min-ka Rain, 109 Winnebago band leader; part of delegation to council with governor, 1863. Maw-zaw-maw-re-kaw (Whirling Thunder’s son), 62-4, 68 Winnebago band leader who killed Pierre Paquette, 1836; located on upper Rock River, 1845. McCloud, Robert (1807-1867), 64, 66 Resident of Richland Co, WI; sworn statement, Muscoda incident, 1846. McDonald, H (Hiram) (1809-1886), 50 Resident of Portage, WI, 1830, Mackford, WI, 1836; presented claim for cow during Winnebago annuity payment of 1836. McIndoe, Walter D. (1819-1872), 108-9, 117 US Congressman, 6th district, lumberman, Wausau; appointed special commissioner to settle Indian difficulties in Wisconsin, 1863. McIntosh, J. G (S?), 61 Lt. Colonel, letter to Gen. G. M. Brooke; reported on Winnebago remaining in WI, 1841. Perhaps errata: J. S. nor J. G.? McKenney, J. (John) H. (Harrison), 73-4, 76 Lt. John Harrison McKenney, Fort Atkinson, Iowa, was sent to remove wandering Winnebago from Wisconsin, 1848. McKenney, Thomas L., 35 “The Winnebago War,” Wis. Hist. Colls, v. 5 (1868, rep. 1907): 178-204. McMillan, C. (Charles) W. (c1828-?), 243 Resident, Sparta, WI, ex-Sheriff, Monroe Co, WI, 1861; Winnebago removal agent, made statement that they were not ill-treated during removal, 1874. McMillan, E. H., 242 Resident of La Crosse, WI, lawyer; supported removal, 1874.

McWima, 174, 215 Half Winnebago, half-Menominee; represented by Henry W. Lee, gave up tribal relations to remain in WI, 1873. Medill, W. (William) (1802-1865), 75 Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 1848. Meloy, David R. (1819-1897), 242 Resident, Tomah, supported removal, 1874. Menard, Pierre (1766-1844), 35 Resident, Kaskaskia, IL, fur trader, Lt. governor, IL, 1818; Indian treaty commissioner, 1828. Merrell, Henry, 48, 215, 236 Resident of Portage since 1834; supported Winnebago remaining in WI, 1873-4. Mezom, 219 Winnebago band leader near Trempealeau River, 1873 Miller, ______, 103, 105 German neighbor of George Salter, cut off Winnebago heads and put them on a pole as retaliation for the murder of Salter’s wife, 1863. Miller, John (1781-1846), 30 Colonel John Miller, 3rd U. S. Infantry; built Fort Howard, Green Bay, WI, 1816. Mills, Hugh (1828-1901), 266, 271 Resident of Jackson Co, WI; wrote Winnebago to return to Wisconsin in small squads, sold 10 acre tracts to Winnebago in Jackson County, 1874. Milner, Clyde A., 192 “Off the White Road,” Western Historical Quarterly, 12 (Jan 1981): 37. Miner, Eliphalet S. (1818-1890), 79, 89, 90, 96, 98, 100-2 Resident of Grand Rapids, 1850, resident of Necedah, WI, trader, merchant, lumberman, judge; met with local Indians during the Indian panic of 1862-3. Monega, Joe (Walks Over the Earth), 157, 161, 162 (Joe), 163, 194 Son-in-law of Old Carrimonee (see) and son of Ne-hau-ger of La Crosse, WI, a Bear clan member, served as a soldier under General Sherman, Co. F, 3rd Wis. Vols; member of the Winnebago delegation to chose a new reservation in the Indian Territory, 1873. Moore, Frank, 143-5, 152-9, 161-6, 170, 175, 177, 180, 183, 186-7, 190, 193, 195-8, 200, 214-5, 236, 278, 281 Washington correspondent for the Milwaukee Sentinel; Winnebago removal agent for Charles A. Hunt, 1873. Moore, William H., 244 Resident, Douglas Twp, Marquette Co, WI; testified to the good character of the Winnebago, 1874. Morgan, James M. (McGowan) (Abt. 1804-?), 73, 76-8 Captain Morgan sent a detachment of men from Fort Atkinson, Iowa to remove wandering Winnebago from Wisconsin, Feb 1848. Morse, Jedidiah (1761-1826), 31 American geographer; reported that the Winnebago wanted nothing to do with the whites, 1820. Morton, J. Sterling, 86 Illustrated History of Nebraska, 1905-13. Moving Blue Sky Land see Ca Ra Cho Monezga Nat-aw-pin-daw-qua see Smoker Naw-kaw Caromonie, 12, 28-9, 32, 35, 44 Winnebago chief, 1820’s and 1830’s; signed treaties, 1816-1829. Neal, James V., 280 “Lessons from a ‘Primitive’ people,” Science, 170 (Nov 20, 1970): 818. Nehauger/Ne-hau-ger, 145, 157, 193 Father of Joe Monega; Winnebago named by Frank Moore as refusing to leave Wisconsin, 1873 Neil, Edward D., 72 History of Minnesota . . ., 1882. Nichols, Roger L., 39, 41, 54, 56-7, 59, 60 General Henry Atkinson . . ., 1965. Nochaker, 223 Winnebago wife of Blue Wing (Ah-ha-cho-gah); released in Reedsburg, WI, 1873. Old Morgan, 234 Winnebago remaining in Wisconsin, 1873. One Horn, 87 Leader of treaty abiding Winnebago, 1863. Oshkosh, 78 Head chief of the Menominee, 1850. Ou-kow-e-ki Feur, 109 Winnebago member of delegation to council with Gov. Solomon, Aug 1863. Pauquette (Paquette), Moses (1828-Bef. 1900), 79, 83, 210, 260, 277 Resident of Columbia County, son of Pierre Paquette; farmer, trader, removal agent, 1873. Paquette (Pauquette), Pierre (1796-1836), 39, 40, 42-3, 62, 245 French-Winnebago, resident, Fox-Wisconsin portage, trader, interpreter; killed by Iron Walker, son of Whirling Thunder, 1836. Parker, Ely S. (1828-1895), 123-5, 128, 131 Seneca Indian; Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 1870. Parrish, Levi, 65 Grant County, WI resident, postmaster, Muscoda, 1843; involved in Muscoda confrontation with Winnebago, 1846. Pelzer, Louis, 39, 41 Henry Dodge, 1911. Perry, Frances (1897-1996), 48, 96, 199, 100, 110, 111, 157, 164, 169, 179, 289 Black River Falls, WI, resident, curator, Winnebago materials, Jackson County, Historical Society. Peske, Richard, 7 “Winnebago Cultural Adaptation to the Fox River Waterway,” Wisconsin Archeologist, 52 (1971): 62-9. P’etcoga (Green Forehead), 157, 165 Son of Old Decorah, Wolf clan member; member of Winnebago delegation to choose a new reservation, 1873.

Poinsett, Joel R. (1779-1851), 53-4 Secretary of War, 1840. Pontiac, 25 The Winnebago were not involved in Pontiac’s conspiracy, 1763. Pool, Phydelus (1819-1899), 212, 216-7, 226, 243 Ex-sheriff, Columbia County, WI; removal assistant for Charles A. Hunt, 1873-4. Errata: Poole not Pool, p. 243. Pope, John (1822-1892), 85, 92-5, 99, 104 Major General, Military Department of the Northwest, 1862-3. Prescott, Theresa Paquette (1826-1915), 245 Mixed blood daughter of Pierre Paquette, interpreter, 1874. Pretty Man, 174, 215 Resident, Douglas Twp, Marquette Co, WI, half Winnebago-half Chippewa; gave up tribal relations to remain in Wisconsin, 1873. Price, William T. (Thompson) (1824-1886), 196-7 Black River Falls, WI, resident, ex-State Senator; acted as an attorney for Winnebago, 1874. Priest, F. Macon, 243 Sparta, WI resident; made statement denying that the Winnebago were ill-treated during the removal, 1874. Priest, Loring B., 277 Uncle Sam’s Stepchildren, 1942. Provonsal, Frank (1811-1869), 101, 120-1, 123-4, 126 French-Indian, residence, Petenwell Rock, Juneau Co, WI, ferryman and trader; killed by Bill Dandy, a Winnebago, 1869. Quaife, Milton M., 90 “The Panic of 1862 in Wisconsin,” Wisconsin Magazine of History, 4 (Dec 1920): 166- 195. Quimby, George I., 5-6 Indian Life in the Upper Great Lakes, 11,000 B. C. to A. D. 1800, 1960. Quinhart, Samuel, 65 Grant Co, WI resident; Muscoda incident with Winnebago, 1846. Radin, Paul, 10-20, 157-8, 164, 185, 214 The Winnebago Tribe, 1923, 1970. Ramsey, Alec (1815-1903), 80, 82 Minnesota Territorial Governor, 1850. Red Bird, 34-5 Winnebago leader, 1827-8. Reihle, Antoine, 27 Trader plundered at the Fox-Wisconsin portage, 1783. Rice, Henry M. (1816-1894), 72, 76, 79, 80, 82 Minnesota resident; Winnebago trader selected to choose site of Winnebago reservation, 1847; contract to remove Winnebago, 1850. Rice, R. (Robert) B., 242 Resident, New Lisbon, WI; supported removal of Winnebago, 1874.

Ring, E. F., 205-6 Resident, Sparta, WI; wrote letter supporting removal, 1873. Ritzenthaler, Robert E. and Pat, 6 The Woodland Indians of the Western Great Lakes, 1970. Roaring Thunder see Dandy Rusk, Jeremiah M. (1830-1893), 129, 131-4, 136, 143, 149, 150, 154, 158, 167, 179, 183, 185, 195, 200, 230, 273-5, 278, 281 Wisconsin Congressman, 1872. Sage, E. (Ezra) C., 96, 101 New Lisbon banker; involved with Winnebago council, 1863. Salomon (Solomon), Edward (1828-1909), 88-91, 94-5, 103, 106-114, 116-7 Wisconsin Governor1862-4; worked to remove Winnebago from Wisconsin, 1862-3. Both Salomon and Solomon spelling appears in the archives, prefer Salomon. Salter, Emma, 102-5, 107, 113, 126 Clearfield Twp, Juneau Co, WI resident; murdered by a Winnebago, 1863. Salter, George, 101-5, 279 Clearfield Twp, Juneau Co, WI resident, illegally sold whiskey to the Indians; murdered two Winnebago in retaliation for the murder of his wife. Schmidt, Carl H., 248, 250 Wisconsin State Senator, Manitowoc, WI; disapproved of the forcible removal of the Winnebago, 1874. Secor, Theodore, 96 New Lisbon, WI resident; attended council with Winnebago, 1863. Selfridge, R. A., 87 Office of Indian Affairs; Winnebago protest about removal from the Blue Earth Reservation to Crow Creek, SD, 1863. Seymour, Charles, 148 Postmaster, La Crosse, WI; signed document certifying good character of the Winnebago, 1873. Sheridan, Philip H. (1831-1888), 229-30 General; referred difficulties in the removal of the Winnebago to General Sherman, 1873. Sherman, John (1823-1900), 142 U. S. Senator, Ohio; spoke against moving partly civilized Indians to the wilderness, 1872. Sherman, William T. (1820-1891), 157, 209, 229-30, 233 Commanding general of U.S. Army; approve and then withdrew approval of using military force to remove the Winnebago, 1873-4. Shogoni see Little Hill, 189 Short Wing see also Winneshiek/Winneshiek, Old, 81, 145, 147 Short Wing appears from 1846 – 1873; signed Treaty of 1846.. Sinclair, Patrick (1736-1820), 26 Lt. Governor of Michilimackinac; ordered the assembly of Winnebago and other tribes to attack the Spanish and Americans, 1780. Smith, Alice E., 42 James Duane Doty, 1954. Smith, Edward P. (1827-1876),175-7, 179, 180-86,189, 193, 200, 201-2, 205-6, 216-7, 219, 221- 2, 227-8, 231-3, 250-2, 254, 256-9, 261, 265-7, 169, 271-3, 275, 287 Congregational minister, Commissioner of Indian Affairs. 1873. Smith, John R., 64-5 Richland County, WI resident; involved in confrontation with Winnebago at Muscoda, 1846. Smith, Otter, 189 Nebraska Winnebago band leader, 1873. Smith, Richard, 123, 242 New Lisbon, WI resident; D.A. in Bill Dandy trial, 1869; supported Winnebago removal, 1874. Smith, Samuel, 157, 160 Former La Crosse, WI resident; interpreter in place of Mary Crane for delegation to choose a new Winnebago reservation, 1873. Smith, T. (Thomas) C. H. (1819-1897), 107 General, commanded the District of Wisconsin, 1863. Smoke, 223 Winnebago relative of Blue Wing (Ah-ha-cho-gah); prevented from removal by the citizens of Reedsburg, WI, 1873. Smoker (Nat-aw-pin-daw-qua), 30-31 Winnebago leader, Lake Winnebago-Fox River, fought Americans in War of 1812, made hostile speech to Americans in 1816, arrested briefly when Winnebago fired on Capt. Wm Whistler at entrance to Lake Winnebago, 1819. Snake Skin Decorah (Wau-kaun-ha-kah), 45, 52 Winnebago spokesman for the delegation to Washington, D. C., 1837. Snelling, Josiah (1782-1828), 33, 35 Colonel, first commander of Fort Snelling, MN, 1820-7; participated in ending Winnebago War of 1827. So-coris-pink-a, 145 Winnebago named by Frank Moore as refusing to leave Wisconsin, 1873. Solomon, Edward see Salomon, Edward. Spaulding, Jacob (1810-1876), 196, 198-200, 204-6, 211, 226, 237-8, 240-1, 245-6, 252, 263, 271 Black River Falls, WI, founder; opposed Winnebago removal, 1873-4. Spector, Janet D. 5, 9, 12 Winnebago Indians, 1634-1829, Ph. D, Madison, 1974. Split Nose, 79 Winnebago band leader, resisted removal in 1850. Spoon Decorah, 29, 255 “Narrative of Spoon Decorah,” edited by Reuben Thwaites, Wisconsin Historical Collections, 13 (1895): 448-62. Staces. Mike, 165, 175 See also Captain Mike. Stafford, Joseph S., 210-14, 216-7, 220, 229 First Lt., Co. C/Co H, 20th U. S. Infantry, Fort Snelling; ordered to help Charles A. Hunt remove the Winnebago from Wisconsin to Nebraska. Standing Cloud see Little Decorah, 189-90 Stands in the Lodge see Che-a-nau-chinger, 157

Steele, T. (Thomas) D., 242 Sparta, Monroe Co, WI resident, county judge, supported Winnebago removal, 1874. Stevens, O. D., 243 Sparta, WI, resident; Gave sworn statement that the Winnebago were not ill-treated during removal, 1873. Stewart, William (1827-1909), 141-2 U. S. Senator from Nevada, 1872. Street, Joseph, 22 Winnebago Indian agent, 1827-1836. Sumner, Edwin V. (1797-1863), 57-8, 64, 67, 69 Captain, Dragoons, ordered by General Atkinson to find scattered Winnebago, 1840. Sun, 35 Winnebago involved in Winnebago War, 1827-8. Sunday Chief, 224 Winnebago, his child was released by the military in Reedsburg, 1873. Swallow, 215 Winnebago who gave up tribal relations to remain in Wisconsin, 1873. Taylor, William F. (1820-1909), 230, 267-8, 273-4 Governor of Wisconsin, 1874. Tcoraminanka (Sits Blue), 157, 165 Winnebago leader, head policeman of the tribe, a Bear clan member; member of delegation to choose a new reservation, 1873. Terry, Albert H. (1827-1890). 209, 211, 227, 229-30 General, commander, Department of Dakota, 1873. Thomas, Henry G. (1837-1870), 210-1, 213-4, 216-9, 222, 224-9 Captain, Co. C/H, 20th U. S. Infantry, Fort Snelling; tasked with the forced removal of the Winnebago, 1873. Thompson, Clark W., 60 Captain Thompson apprehended Dandy and Big Soldier’s bands near Fox and Puckaway Lakes, 1841. Thompson, Henry, 275 Yellow River Valley, Juneau Co, WI, resident, 1874. Thompson, Thomas R., 67 Lieutenant of Dragoons, Fort Crawford; responded to the Muscoda incident, 1846. Thunder, John, 266 Winnebago who returned from Nebraska, 1874. The Thunders Cheer Him see Dandy, 48 Thurman, Allen (1813-1895), 141-2, 235-6, 257 U. S. senator from Ohio, 1872. Turner, Andrew Jackson (1832-1905), 182-3 Newspaper editor, Portage, WI, 1873. Tucker, Glen, 29 Tecumseh, 1956. Two Shillings, 52 Winnebago band leader, 1840.

Tyler, Thomas B. (1824-1886), 242 Sparta, WI resident, judge; supported removal of Winnebago, 1874. Viola, Herman J., 180 The Commissioners of Indian Affairs, 1824-1977, 1979. Wabasha, 77, 86, 152 Sioux chief, 1848. Wah-nu-du-kon-e-grau, 145 Winnebago named by Frank Moore as refusing to leave Wisconsin, 1873. Walker, Francis A. (1840-1897), 131, 134-6, 170 Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 1872. War Club, 174 Douglas Twp, Marquette Co, WI, full-blood Winnebago; represented by Henry Lee, 1873. War-Club-Snake, 215 Winnebago listed as having abandoned tribal relations and entitled to remain in WI, 1873. Warner, Ezra, 210 Generals in Blue, 1964. Washburn, Cadwallader C. (1818-1882), 129, 132-36, 167-72, 175, 198, 200-204, 230, 268, 278, 281 U.S. congressman from WI, 1870, Wisconsin governor, 1872-74; worked diligently to remove the Winnebago from Wisconsin, 1870-1874. Wauchomemick, 147 Winnebago member of delegation to Washington, D. C., 1873. Waukon, 86 Treaty-abiding Winnebago leader, 1862. Wau-wun-he-ga, 145 Winnebago named by Frank Moore as refusing to leave Wisconsin, 1873. Webb, Charles M. (1833-1911), 128 Wood County, WI resident, WI state senator; wrote letter to Office of Indian Affairs recommending that Ephraim Young be appointed as Winnebago removal agent, 1870. Webster, Daniel, 145 West, Frances H., 239, 245 247 Milwaukee Co. resident, member, WI assembly, Milwaukee Co. 7th district, 1874. Whirling Thunder, 39, 41-2, 52, 62-4 Winnebago leader, Thunder clan; attended council with Henry Dodge, 1833. White Crow, 39, 42 Winnebago leader, Bear clan, signed treaties, 1827, 1828, 1832 (Rock River band); attended council with Henry Dodge, 1833. White Otter, 257 Winnebago land owner in Crawford County, WI, 1874. Whistler, William (1780-1863), 30, 35 Captain, Fort Howard, WI; fired on by Winnebago at entrance to Lake Winnebago, 1819.

White, Asa L. (1820-1860), 81 La Crosse, WI and Blue Earth, MN resident, Winnebago Indian trader; served as guide for the Winnebago Indian agent, 1850. White, Barclay (1821-1906), 134, 135, 182, 186-9, 191, 259-62, 270 Superintendent, Northern Superintendency of Indian Affairs, 1872-1874. White French Decorah, 53 Ho-pe-ne-scha-ka, Winnebago band leader; located on Baraboo River, 1839. White, Howard (1844-1916), 191, 193, 245, 259 Winnebago Indian agent, son of Barclay White, Hicksite Quaker, 1873-4. White Otter, 109, 257-8 Winnebago water spirit clan, member of delegation to council with WI governor, Edward Salomon, 1863; removed by mistake, 1874. White Stocking, 194 Wisconsin Winnebago; belle of the expedition to a choose a new reservation, 1873. White Water, 109 Winnebago Thunder clan member; member of delegation to council with Governor Salomon, Aug 1863. White Whale see also Ca Ra Cho Manazza, 178-9, 269 Winnebago band leader; wanted land allotments in Nebraska, 1874, Whittlesey, Charles, 23 Colonel, U. S. Army, Fifth Infantry, Fort Howard, Black Hawk Indian War; wrote complimentary description of Winnebago, 1832. Wight, O. W. (Orlando Williams) (1824-1888), 128 Wisconsin physician; letter to Office of Indian Affairs recommending Ephraim Young as Winnebago removal agent, 1870. Wilson, DeWitt C. (1841-1916), 240-42, 244-46 Editor, Monroe County Republican, Sparta; opposed attempt to establish a reservation for the Winnebago in Wisconsin, 1874. Wilson, G. W., 136 New Lisbon, WI resident; sent petition to Secretary of Interior advocating removal of Winnebago from Wisconsin, 1872. Winneshiek – difficult to identify; father and older brother of Old Winneshiek also used the name. All of the Winneshiek or Old Winneshiek references are probably to the same man. Winneshiek, Old (see Ahuzipga/Short Wing), 52, 86, 129, 131, 137, 145, 147, 150-52, 155-7, 164, 167, 171-3, 175, 177-8, 180, 196, 203, 224-5, 231, 246, 263-5 Winnebago leader, he had been in Nebraska in 1862 but returned to Wisconsin; removed in 1873. Winneshiek, Young, 246 Winnebago band leader, 1874. Winters, G. O.(see Oliver G. Winters), 165. 266 Wrote President Grant on bad conditions on the Nebraska reservation, 1873; sold 10 acre tracts in Jackson County, WI to help the Winnebago avoid removal, 1874. Eratta

Winsor, Fernando (1831-1898), 106-7 Juneau County, WI judge; contacted WI governor questioning why Dandy was in jail, 1863. Winters, Oliver G., 175 Black River Falls resident; against the removal of the Winnebago. Worth, William J., 56 Colonel, 8th Infantry; arrived at Fort Winnebago from Fort Howard, 1840. Yankee Bill, 218, 252 Winnbago band leader. Yellow Bank, 189 Winnebago band leader in Nebraska. Yellow Thunder (?-1874), 44, 48, 53-7, 60, 63-4, 74-5, 79, 81, 96, 109, 117, 144, 215 Winnebago dissident band leader, purchased 40 acres after 1840 removal attempt, Thunder clan, probably signed treaties of 1829 and 1837; Charles Hunt was aware that he was a land owner and avoided removing him in 1873-4. Yellow Thunder’s wife, 57 Possibly the daughter of White Crow, she was called the Washington Woman because she accompanied the 1828 delegation to Washington, D. C. During the 1840 removal attempt, she was imprisoned along with her husband because she counseled her fellow Winnebago not to move. Young Decorah (Dekorra), 109, 115 Winnebago band leader, Bird clan; member of delegation to council with Governor Salomon, 17 Aug 1863. Young, Ephraim (Abt. 1834-?), 127-9, 131 Waukesha, WI resident; recommended to be Winnebago removal agent but not appointed, 1870-1871. White French Decorah, 53 Winnebago band leader on Baraboo River, son of Grey-headed Decorah (see); removed in 1840.