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The Family Tree of Columbia County, As They Would That of Their Ancestral Line, and Gain a Knowledge of Its Branches

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The Family Tree of Columbia County, As They Would That of Their Ancestral Line, and Gain a Knowledge of Its Branches rf Class, L^:i =*?oi-i -C » « .• §5 „• S« to !*'3 ^'E c o =_ f ^ aj g— ajj= ^^ .0) ~*i^ o i^a S < ^+^ a<£ a-" -5 c 03 »%. < flj +- o) ail- *^ 'int^ = C * ,N © =^- >, Z Z 5 ,E<uga;t-52tZ>^ = _ ^ -"-1?."^o « g = ^ = 5-^2«^a; 2 o^-p =^ Ch^ >.^ 0. g aj 4- 03 « .• ., .CC*: *- a^ £ — =x: i . M Pkess op The Wisconsin State Rt Pokta<;e, Wis. JULV, ino4 ACKNOWLEDGMENT What appears within these covers is largely the result of re- searches conducted at different times for articles for the columns of •• The Wisconsin State Register," of which paper I was for a num- ber of years one of the editors. Later on I prepared the maps which appear, showing the evolution of Columbia County, which are now published for the first time. The matter fell under the obser- vation of Mr. S. C. Cushman, the County Superintendent of Schools, who expressed a desire to have it published for use in the school libraries of the county, and upon his recommendation the Board of Supervisors authorized its publication for that purpose. For this kind estimate of the value of the work I desire to make my most grateful acknowledgments to the Board and to the County Superin- tendent. /4A/y^y^-^^^/ miuetrations FORT WINNEBAGO Frontispiece MAP OF PORTAGE [Columbia] COUNTY, 1836 21 1841 23 COLUMBIA COUNTY, 1846 25 1848 29 1849 31 1850 35 1851 37 1855 39 THE GRIGNON CLAIM—No. 21—diagram of 6S POTTERS' EMIGRATION SOCIETY, Land Certificate 72 THE WINNEBAGO-PORTAGE, Diagram of 86 MISSIONARYS TENT IN AN INDIAN VILLAGE 120 THE PAUQUETTE CHURCH, at Portage, 1833 122 ^ Iportraits LIEUT. JEFFERSON DAVIS 95 LIEUT. HORATIO P. VAN CLEVE 96- OFFICERS AT FORT WINNEBAGO— Capt. E. V. Sumner, Lieut. N. B. Rossell, Lieut. R. B. Marcy, Lieut. J. J. Abercrom- bie, Major David E. Twiggs, Capt. Capt. W. S. Harney 98 WOMEN AT FORT WINNEBAGO— Mrs. C. O. Van Cleve, Mr.s. R. B. Marcy, Mrs. N. B. Rossell, Mrs. C. M. Low, Mrs. ' Geo. B. McCellan ( Miss Marcy ) 100 CAPT. GIDEON LOW 101 HON. HENRY MERRELL, Sutler at Fort 102 MRS. JOHN H. KINZIE, Authoress of Wau-Bun 104 FATHER MAZZUCHELLI, Early Missionary 121 EX-GOVERNOR JAMES T. LEWIS, Wisconsin's War Governor 135 MRS. CHARLOTTE O. VAN CLEVE, Wisconsin's First Bom 140 Contcnte Page Under Trans-Atlantic Dominion 9 Under Territorial Control 12 In the Northwest Territory 13 In Indiana Territory 16 Michig-an Territory 16 In Illinois Territory 17 In Michigan Territory 18 Wisconsin Territory, Organized 19 Organization of Portage [Columbia County] 20 First Platting of Columbia County ' 26 The Evolution of Columbia County 40 The First Settlers of Columbia County 44 Indian Occuiiancy 46 Paper Cities of Columbia County 48 Nomenclature of Columbia County 54 Signification of Indian and French Names 60 An Early Map of Wisconsin 64 Land Entries in Coliunbia County 65 The Grignon Tract 67 The Potters' Emigration Society 70 Locating the County Seat 73 Erection of County Buildings 76 County Officers of Columbia County 80 Wisconsin's Territorial Representatives in Congress 84 Postmasters at Fort Winnebago, Wauona, Portage City and Portage 86 The Fox and Wisconsin Portage 87 Old Fort Winnebago 90 The Winnebago Uprising—Surrender of Red Bird 114 The First Church in Central Wisconsin 121 WTiere was AUouez' Mission of St. James? 122 Jean Nicolet in Columbia County ! 131 Jean Nicolet, a poem 133 Wisconsin's War Governor, James T. Lewis 135 Wisconsin's First Bom, Charlotte Guisconsin Van Cleve 140 PREFACE. In the preparation of the matter embraced within these covers, the sole purpose has been to bring together, in compact and convenient form for reference, such data as might be useful to those who would study the Family Tree of Columbia County, as they would that of their ancestral line, and gain a knowledge of its branches. As an introduction, britf references have been made to the early occupancy of North America, but nothing more, as that tield is beyond the scope oi] a work of this character. From its geographical position a complete history of Columbia County would cover a period extending back two hundred and seventy years when Jean Nicolet, who was the first white person to set foot upon the soil of Wisconsin, ascended the Fox River, in 1634, and it would com- prise a complete history of the Northwest when it constituted a part of "New France," as it was designated, while its inhabitants were under the jurisdiction of Louis XV., King of France, before they became the subjects of George III., King of Great Britain. Having, then, matters pertaining to Columbia County chiefly in view, I have procured from time to time, from unpubli.^hed official records, old letters from early settlers, the archives of the State Historical So- ciety and the county records, and other trustworthy sources, the matter now published, which, it is hoped, will enable the student, or other person curiously inclined, to easily know the changes of the county from the time American Independence was established and the "Terri- tory Northwest of the Ohio river" (as it was designated by the famous ordinance of 1787) was organized, of which Wisconsin was a constituent part, down to the present time. The volume is not to be regarded in any sense as a "Histor}' of Co- lumbia County" for no such lofty pretentions are made for it, but rather as a "hand book" that may be consulted for information concerning various happenings in the county about which frequent inquiries are made. Those things given as "history" will, it is hoped, be found measurably free from serious error. While my own individual opinions have been freely advanced upon certain controverted points—and some radical views quite a variance with theories of historians of note have been expressed—they may be accepted or rejected, as the reader may be impressed as to their value, or lack of it. If it be considered that I have contended too strenuously that the Mascouten village and Allouez' Mission of St. James, are landmarks of Columbia County, I may plead, in extenuation, that local traditions concerning them are highly treasured, and the people of the county do not like to be despoiled of them by writers of our local history who give wide latitude to pens, guided largely by lurid imaginations. Although biography had not entered into the plan of this work, as it might very properly have done, it would hardly be excusable if more than brief mention were not made of the county's most honored fellow citizen, ex Governor James T. Lewis, unless Luther S. Dixon, a for- mer chief justice of the state, should be excepted. And so Gen. A. C. Parkinson, the governor's neighbor and intimate friend has, upon re- quest, contributed the chapter on "Wisconsin's War Governor" as we all delight to refer to him, the only one, perhaps, aside from ex- Gov. Edward Salomon, (now living in Germany) of that illustrious galaxy of governors who administered the affairs of their states during the Civil War. I am fully conscious of the fact that a perusal of these pages, given principally to dry details, will not be found so exciting as a historical novel, or as fascinating as an hour spent with the Autocrat of the Break- fast Table, but I indulge the hope that the youths of today, may, with their aid, acquire a more thorough knowledge of the genesis of Colum- bia County than they could otherwise do, without long and tedious re- search, and if this shall be the case I may feel that my earnest desires have been measurably accomplished. The various chapters of this volume, not forming a continuous "story," have been placed in it with small regard to any established order, for the printing of it was commenced before it had been fully decided upon what was to appear in it. Many chapters that had been prepared for it are necessarily omitted, as it was found that the volume was being expanded far beyond what was originally contemplated. Hoping that I have not laid myself open to the criticism of having given too much attention to matters of minor importance, trival of themselves, as it may seem to some, but which in my judgment, should be chronicled while they could be, I commend to the students of Co- lumbia County a careful study of its "FAMILY TREE," and indulge the hope that they will be benefited by it. Portage, Wis., July, 1904. j,artf5»J,flrw5»T( A.. J. Turner The Family Tree of Columbia County* CHAPTER I. UNDER TRANS-ATLANTIC DOMINION. Because of early discoveries by her navigators and inland explorers, Spain laid a general but undefined claim to the greater part of the wilderness of North America, to which the name of Florida was given. This condition of affairs lasted from about 1512 until the irruption of the French who penetrated the continent by means of the St. Lawrence and Ottawa rivers and the Great Lakes, and gradually made claim to the inland water systems, as fast as dis- covered by their adventurous traders and missionaries. It should be understood, however, that within this vast territory there were few, if any, Spaniards nearer than the Gulf of Mexico. —R. G. Thwaites, Secretary of the Wisconsin State Historical Society. Columbus discovered America in 1492; and so had Leif Erickson in 1000, and other Scandinavian seamen had made excursions to points on the western continent prior to either of them. Fiske, the eminent his- torian, very justly surmises "that there may have been more such oc- casional visits than we have been wont to suppose," for claims are made that Chinese, Arabs, Welsh, Venetians, Portugues, Poles, Phoenecians and Irish navigators looked upon the western continent before Columbus did, all of which are supported with evidence more or less convincing; but nothing of value had followed these predatory visits of roving sea- men to our shores, as what they discovered never was made known to the world, or had been entirely forgotten, while Columbus' expedition, probably, was made without knowledge of the visits of others five hun- dred years before, and it had a definite purpose in view, as well.
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