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Smart Football Footwear for Advanced Performance Analysis and Training Purposes

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Smart Football Footwear for Advanced Performance Analysis and Training Purposes Smart Football Footwear for Advanced Performance Analysis and Training Purposes A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Yehuda Weizman B.Eng. School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, College of Science, Engineering and Health RMIT University March 2016 Declaration I certify that except where due acknowledgement has been made, the work is that of the author alone; the work has not been submitted previously, in whole or in part, to qualify for any other academic award; the content of the thesis is the result of work which has been carried out since the official commencement date of the approved research program; any editorial work, paid or unpaid, carried out by a third party is acknowledged; and, ethics procedures and guidelines have been followed. Yehuda Weizman 02/06/2016 i Acknowledgements I would like to express my special appreciation and thanks to my supervisor Professor Franz 'Tino' Fuss, who has been a tremendous mentor to me. I would like to thank him for encouraging my research and for allowing me to grow as a research scientist. I would like to thank my SportzEdge Team colleagues who supported me and collaborated on several research projects together. I would specifically like to acknowledge Mr Batdelger Doljin, my patent co-inventor and good friend. A special thank you to my family – words cannot express how grateful I am to my mother, father and sisters for all the sacrifices they have made on my behalf. I would also like to express my deep appreciation to my beloved partner Sivan who spent endless hours helping me and is always my support. Finally, I would also like to thank all my friends who supported me in writing, and encouraged me to strive towards my goal. ii Table of Contents Declaration ............................................................................................................................................... i Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................. ii Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................... iii List of Figures ....................................................................................................................................... viii List of Tables .......................................................................................................................................... xi Nomenclature ....................................................................................................................................... xii Publications Resulting from Thesis .......................................................................................................xiv Patents Resulting from Thesis ............................................................................................................... xv 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Abstract ................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Objective and Research Questions ......................................................................................... 6 1.3 Scope ....................................................................................................................................... 7 1.4 Contribution ............................................................................................................................ 7 1.5 Achievements .......................................................................................................................... 9 Prizes ............................................................................................................................................... 9 Publications and patents ................................................................................................................. 9 Funding ........................................................................................................................................... 9 1.6 Research flow chart .............................................................................................................. 10 2. Review of the Current Literature .................................................................................................. 11 2.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................... 11 2.2 Kicking ................................................................................................................................... 11 A Quick Guide to the Kicking Action ............................................................................................. 12 The Approach to the Ball .............................................................................................................. 12 The Support Leg and Pelvis ........................................................................................................... 12 The Kicking Leg .............................................................................................................................. 13 The Upper Body ............................................................................................................................ 13 The Importance of Kick Accuracy .................................................................................................. 14 Foot to Ball Impact Phase ............................................................................................................. 14 How Is Kick Accuracy Currently Measured and Improved? .......................................................... 15 2.3 The Industry Perspective ...................................................................................................... 16 Nike Total 90 ................................................................................................................................. 16 Adidas- F50 series ......................................................................................................................... 16 iii Existing Patents ............................................................................................................................. 17 2.4 Sensors .................................................................................................................................. 19 Tactile sensors ............................................................................................................................... 21 Important specifications of pressure sensors ............................................................................... 22 Array Pressure Sensors ................................................................................................................. 23 Industry review ............................................................................................................................. 24 2.5 Conductive Polymer Composites .......................................................................................... 25 2.6 Viscoelasticity ........................................................................................................................ 26 Material Characterization ............................................................................................................. 27 Testing Methods ........................................................................................................................... 27 Constitutive Equations and Stress Relaxation Function of Non Linear Viscoelastic Models ........ 28 Model Selection Process ............................................................................................................... 30 2.7 Summary ............................................................................................................................... 36 3. Electro-Mechanical Feasibility Study, Single Conductive Foam Material ..................................... 37 3.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................... 37 Objective ....................................................................................................................................... 37 3.2 Experimental Set-Up ............................................................................................................. 37 Apparatus ...................................................................................................................................... 37 Mechanical Compression Measurement ...................................................................................... 39 Electrical Conductance Measurement .......................................................................................... 39 3.3 Results ................................................................................................................................... 40 Compression Velocity Dependency .............................................................................................. 40 Stress Relaxation ........................................................................................................................... 41 3.4 Discussion and Conclusions .................................................................................................
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