Ardaman & Associates, Inc. A Tetra Tech Company Newsletter October 5, 2018

Inside this issue:

Fire Safety Page 1-3 Ardaman Update Page 4-6 LOOK Look for places fire could start. Take a good look around your home and work area. Quiz Page 7 Identify potential fire hazards and take care of them.

LISTEN Listen for the sound of the smoke alarm or fire alarm. You could have only minutes to escape safely once the alarm sounds. Go to your outside meeting place, which should be a safe distance (>200 feet) from the home or work area and where everyone should know to meet.

LEARN Learn two ways out of every room and make sure all doors and windows leading outside open easily and are free of clutter.

Fire Prevention Week is on record as the longest running public health observance, according to the National Archives and Records Administration’s Library Information Center. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has been the official sponsor of Fire Prevention Week since 1922, when the commemoration began. President Calvin Coolidge proclaimed the first National Fire Prevention Week on October 4-10, Contact Information: 1925, beginning a tradition of the President of the United States signing a proclamation recognizing the occasion. It is observed on the Sunday through Saturday period in which October 9 falls, in Health & Safety commemoration of the Great Chicago Fire, which began October 8, 1871, and did most of its Ardaman & Associates, Inc. damage October 9. Brett A. Buxbaum The horrific conflagration killed more than 250 people, left 100,000 homeless, destroyed more than 17,400 structures and burned more than 2,000 acres. Orlando, FL Fire Prevention Week P: (407) 855-3860 X 2413 In a fire, seconds count. Seconds can mean the difference between escaping safely from a fire or having lives end in tragedy. Safety Question: That’s why this year’s Fire Prevention Week theme: “Look. Listen. Learn.” is so important. It When inspecting a fire reinforces why everyone needs to be proactive in taking action to prevent fires: extinguisher each month, • Cooking is the leading cause of U.S. home fires, causing nearly half (47%) of all home fires what should be done? each year, on average. Leaving cooking unattended is the leading cause of home cooking A. Check the pin and tie fires. holding the pin in • Heating is the second-leading cause of U.S. home fires, accounting for 15% of all reported place home fires, on average each year. Failure to clean heating equipment is the leading cause of home heating fires. B. Inspect the nozzle and gauge • Electrical distribution or lighting equipment was involved in the ignition of 34,000 U.S. home fires, on average each year. These fires involved equipment such as wiring, lighting, cords and C. shake the fire extin- plugs. guisher • Candle fires are reported to U.S. fire departments an average of 24 times a day. More than D. All the above half of all candle fires start when things that can burn are too close to the candle. • Smoking materials, including cigarettes, pipes and cigars, are major causes of U.S. home fires. In addition, fires have occurred while e-cigarettes were being used, the battery was Answer on page 6 charging, or the device was being transported; battery failures have led to small explosions. Page 2 Fire Safety Continued

What is Fire? The ancient Greeks believed that fire was one the four basic elements that composed all things in the universe. In the mythology of virtually every culture, fire is a sacred substance that gives life or power. Fire is not, in fact, a substance. When you gaze at the leaping flames of a campfire, you’re observing not an object, but a process – a chemical reaction. It’s the same chemical reaction that occurs when a cut apple left on the counter turns brown, when silver tarnishes or when an iron nail rusts.

That process is oxidation: combining oxygen with other substances. The defining difference between a fire and your half-eaten apple is speed: fire is an oxidation process that happens very fast, so that light, heat and sound are released — often with enough force and majesty to justify the ancients’ reverence. The sudden release of energy causes temperatures to rise, sometimes by thousands of degrees. And it also results in smoke, the toxic waste of fire’s leftovers.

The fire triangle and the fire tetrahedron

The fire triangle identifies the three needed components of fire: • fuel (something that will burn) • heat (enough to make the fuel burn) • and air (oxygen)

All three components must be present to have a fire. Fire will burn until one or more of the components are removed. Traditional fire extinguishing methods involve removing the fuel, heat, or oxygen.

In more recent years, a fourth component – the uninhibited chain reaction – has been added to explain fire. This chain reaction is the feedback of heat to the fuel to produce the gaseous fuel used in the flame. In other words, the chain reaction provides the heat necessary to maintain the fire. The addition of this fourth component (which forms what is called the "fire tetrahedron ") more accurately describes the mechanism for fire suppression by clean agent halon replacements which break up the uninhibited chain reaction of combustion.

Stages of fire • Ignition: Fuel, oxygen and heat join together in a sustained chemical reaction. At this stage, a fire extinguisher can control the fire. • Growth: With the initial flame as a heat source, additional fuel ignites. Convection and radiation ignite more surfaces. The size of the fire increases and the plume reaches the ceiling. Hot gases collecting at the ceiling transfer heat, allowing all fuels in a room to come closer to their ignition temperature at the same time. • Fully developed: Fire has spread over much if not all the available fuel; temperatures reach their peak, resulting in heat damage. Oxygen is consumed rapidly. • Decay (Burnout): The fire consumes available fuel, temperatures decrease, and the fire gets less intense.

How fire spreads Fire spreads by transferring the heat energy from the flames in three different ways. • Radiant Heat takes the form of light and heats objects that its rays land on. Both the sun and a light bulb give off radiant heat.

• Convection Heat is transferred through the air. For example, if a fire in one room of a building is hot enough, it may make the next room burst into flames even if the fire hasn’t physically spread to the second room. • Conduction Heat spreads through matter rather than through the air. A hot muffler on a vehicle parked in dry grass conducts its heat to the grass, which may catch on fire.

Before deciding to fight a fire, be certain that:  The fire is small and not spreading. A fire can double in size within two or three minutes. Use fire extinguishers only on small, contained fires:  If in doubt, sound alarm, evacuate area, and let trained firefighters handle it.  You have the proper fire extinguisher for what is burning.  The fire won't block your exit if you can't control it. A good way to ensure this is to keep the exit at your back.  You know how your fire extinguisher works. Inspect extinguishers once a month for dents, leaks or other signs of damage. Assure the pressure is at the recommended level. On extinguishers equipped with a gauge, the needle should be in the green zone - not too high and not too low. All 5lb and larger fire extinguishers must be inspected by a licensed fire inspector annually. ► After a fire has been extinguished, do not immediately leave the scene. Instead, monitor the area for a few minutes to ensure that the fire does not re-ignite. When conducting hot work (spark or flame produced) a fire watch must be present and remain on site at least 30 minutes after all work has finished. The fire watch must have a proper fire extinguisher present and have been trained on how to operate it. Ardaman supplies ABC fire extinguishers in our buildings, vehicles, and job site trailers. Page 3

Fire Safety Continued

Fire Extinguishers: Portable fire extinguishers apply an extinguishing agent that will either cool burning fuel, displace or remove oxygen, or stop the chemical reaction so a fire cannot continue to burn. When the handle of an extinguisher is compressed, agent is expelled out the nozzle. All portable fire extinguishers must be approved by a nationally recognized testing laboratory to verify compliance with applicable standards. [29 CFR 1910.157(c)(2)] Equipment that passes the laboratory's tests are labeled and given an alpha-numeric classification based on the type and size of fire it will extinguish. Let's take a look at the label pictured to the right. The classification is: 1-A:10-BC The letters (A, B, and C) represent the class of fire for which the extinguisher has been approved. The number in front of the A rating indicates how much water the extinguisher is equal to and represents 1.25 gallons of water for every unit of one. For example, a 4-A rated extinguisher would be equal to five (4 x 1.25) gallons of water. The number in front of the B rating represents the area in square feet of a class B fire that a non-expert user should be able to extinguish. Using the above example, a non-expert user should be able to put out a flammable liquid fire that is as large as 10 square feet.

Basic Fire Prevention • Practice good housekeeping to keep fuels away from heat (dispose of waste promptly and properly, keep combustible materials away from lights and machin- ery). • Identify and take precautions with flammable substances. • Handle oxygen and acetylene cylinders carefully and secure them in proper loca- tion when not used. • Use and maintain electrical equipment properly. • Avoid exposing fuels to heat sources. • Prevent fires that may result from chemical reactions. • In case of fire, keep routes clear for firefighting and fire evacuation.

ARDAMAN EMERGENCY FACILITY EVACUATION PREPAREDNESS

Treat drills as if they are real, not just an interruption to your normal routine - drills are a measure of your fire safety preparedness. Note that Ardaman safety regulations require compliance with proper evacuation action. ► Be familiar with the location of emergency equipment (fire alarm devices, extinguishers, etc..); you may be the first to discover an unsafe condition. Refer to the Fire Safety Plans that are posted throughout the building for locations of equipment. ► Familiarize yourself with the location of exits in the building, particularly with the exit nearest to you (this includes buildings you may visit as well).

► In multi-story buildings always use the stairs – never use elevators.

► Denote the location of personnel who may require assistance (e.g. employees with disabilities) or verbal notice (e.g. workers in an area with loud noise) to evacuate. Ensure that someone is assigned to perform such assistance in your division/area and they are aware of what actions to take. ► When an evacuation is initiated (via fire alarm, page, and area warning or verbal) leave the building immediately. ► When exiting your work area, close the doors behind you - this will aid in preventing smoke/fume and/or fire spread. ► Sound a verbal alarm to personnel you encounter as you evacuate. ► Never attempt to exit through an area filled with smoke or visible flames unless there is no other option. If a door is hot to the touch, do not use it. ► Use the closest, most direct exit route to evacuate the building - this may not be the normal way you enter or leave the building. ► Once you have reached the exterior of the building proceed at least 200 feet from the structure (or your designated area) and clear of roadways. Find and stay with your co-workers and notify your supervisor for accountability. ► Designate someone to call 911 from a remote location and verify that emergency personnel are aware of the emergency. ► Do not re-enter the building until told to do so by the fire or safety officials. ► Delivery vehicle operators are to keep their vehicles and themselves clear of facilities during an evacuation. If a delivery is in progress, have them move their vehicle as you evacuate (provided this can be accomplished safely). The vehicle should be moved away from the facility. Page 4 Ardaman Update Injury Incidents: • Employee was breaking sample spoons while the drill crew was performing SPT activities on site. As he was going to strike the spoon against the edge of the mud tub, the spoon slipped from his hand and his right ring finger was caught between the spoon and the edge of the mud tub resulting in a bruise to the tip of the finger. The correct area for breaking the sample spoon open is against the rig decking below the cathead area or by the back of the chase truck’s tailgate using a hammer. Do not break the sample spoons open against the mud tub. Work Care/ First Aid Only. • The Drill crew were driving the mud bug on site. They were approximately 1 mile into an undeveloped area and came to a fork in the road. This area was past the location that was cleared by the brush contractor the prior day. When the Crew Chief stopped the rig in the fork of the road, a hidden subterranean nest of wasps was encountered. The crew chief was able to leave the area without being stung; the helper however was stung 6 times. If you encounter a swarm, run as quickly as you can in a straight line away from the wasps or bees. Do not flail or swing your arms at them, as this may further annoy them. Get to the closest enclosed structure or vehicle as quickly as possible. First Aid Only • Employee was driving the mud bug rig in a field when he ran over a wasp nest and then got stung several times. First Aid Only. • Employee was walking in the grassy area looking for a water source. When he found one, he walked back across the field to get a water hose. He then stepped onto a small hole in the ground which caused wasps to fly out and sting him several times. First Aid Only. • Employee was entering the back seat of an extended cab pickup truck on the driver’s side. As he was getting into the back seat, the driver inadvertently closed the rear door and struck the left ankle of the employee right above his boot collar with the bottom edge of the door. Always perform a LMSA and make sure all personnel have their hands and feet safely inside a vehicle. Verbally make sure the area is clear before closing a door. First Aid Only. • Employee was removing the flight auger off the back of the drill rig from the storage rack. While lifting the auger out of the rack area, the flight auger slipped and pinched his right index finger between the drill rod and the auger flight in the rack. Do not rush when moving equipment. Slow down and work methodically by assessing the conditions. When equipment is too heavy, bulky, or odd shaped, ask for help and perform a team lift. First Aid Only. • Employee was hammering nuclear gauge pin into ground. The hammer skipped off the pin and struck the employee’s right index finger and it was pinched between the handle of the hammer and the pin. NO GLOVES worn during the testing. Follow and review company JSA’s prior to performing tasks. Gloves must be worn while transporting the gauge and while installing and removing the pin. You can take the gloves off when performing tasks that require greater dexterity or touch like pressing keys on the gauge pad or writing down information. Remember to use the right tool for the job. See Safety Alert on page 5. First Aid Only.

Vehicle/ Property Incidents: • Employee was stopped at the red traffic light in the middle lane, and our vehicle was struck from behind by another vehicle. The other driver stated that she accidentally pressed the gas instead of the brake causing her vehicle to move forward and struck our vehicle. Employee had soreness in their upper back. First Aid Only. • Employee had the chase truck driver side window broken during overnight hours while parked at hotel. When parking overnight, look for locations in the parking lot that are well lit, close to the building and towards the lobby area if available. • Employee had back rear hatch of explorer damaged while parked in the garage at home. Employee was unloading vehicle when his wife arrived home in the other vehicle. While coming down the street she pressed the garage door opener without looking to see if the garage was open or not. The garage door came down and caught the corner of the open hatch. • Employee was struck from behind while stopped at a stop sign.

Safety Audits: Identified Hazards from 84 Safety audits conducted in the month of August: Water Hazard: Crew did not remember what the minimum distance for working near water was. JSA C-4:Working in the vicinity of ponded areas/ water was updated. Overexertion: Drill crew was using 90 lb bags od Portland cement. Prior notifications require the use of 50 lb bags to reduce the potential for back injuries. Page 5 Ardaman Update Page 6

Ardaman Update Continued Ardaman Health and Safety Recognition Awards

A safety sticker was awarded to the following individuals:  Alexandra Aydelotte: For safety leadership during a pre construction meeting with client and other contractors. Employee discussed Ardaman PPE requirements that were stricter than other contractors on site and our Client adopted our PPE requirements for all personnel on site. The employee received a gift card for her actions.  Christopher Peno: For recognition of a burn hazard that a contractor on site was exposed to. Employee notified the worker of the hazard and gave guidance on proper PPE to wear. The employee received a gift card for his actions.  Max Joseph: For observation of an unsafe condition when the concrete truck began moving without the chute secure. Employee observed that the chute was going to strike a nearby ladder that a worker was standing on. Employee was able to get the driver to stop and secure the chute. The employee received a gift card for his actions  Bryan Fish: for recognition of an unsafe condition involving a contractor that compromised the integrity of a underground pipe during excavation activities. Employee stopped the work before damaged occurred and notified the client. The employee received a gift card for his actions.  Christopher Peno: For recognition of a blind spot on a roadway curve that is heavily traveled by equipment and trucks on the construction site. The employee notified the client of the safety concern.  Ross McGillivray: After placing the safety walk sticker on the driver side window of his vehicle, the engineer came back to his vehicle at the end of the day and noticed the sticker. During his walk around he found a flat tire caused by a nail.  Jeremy Shaffer: Employee noticed that a store worker was not wearing safety toed shoes while helping to load 50 lb bags of grout into our truck. Our employee told the worker not to continue as his feet were exposed to a crush hazard as the employee was not wearing safety shoes and our crew would finish the task.  Tom Foster: Employee observed workers on site in a trench box that were not wearing hard hats and an excavator was placing fill into the excavation while operating above the workers. Employee notified workers in the excavation fo the PPE concern and instructed the operator of the excavator to stop activities before he would perform his testing in the area.  Reinaldo Rolo: Employee observed contractors in a deep excavation without any guarding in place or routes for entry and exit. Employee notified workers to leave the area immediately and the contractor’s safety representative was notified.  Walter Skewis: Employee observed asphalt cores that were left on the core rig trailer after work was completed. The cores could fall off and strike other vehicles on the road or could pinch/crush fingers or feet. The crews were notified to secure all materials and equipment properly prior to transporting the trailer.  Karen Cook: For observation of another engineering on firm not following the site PPE requirements while working over water. The employee notified the engineer of the requirements. The owner of the firm was contacted to ensure the employee complied with site requirements. Near Miss/ Hazard Identification: Highlighted Near Misses from 36 reports received for the Month of August. • Employee placed the “Do The Safety Walk” sticker on the driver side window of his vehicle as instructed by the company. At the end of the day, he walked up to his vehicle and noticed the sticker. He began to walk around the vehicle and noticed that the right rear tire was going flat and that it had a nail in it. This is a great example of how important performing the safety walk around a vehicle is to ensure the vehicle is in safe condition and to assess your surroundings. • Employee was running a density test. A subcontractor was asked to move their vehicle on site by their supervisor. The driver backed up the truck to turn but did not have enough room. He then pulled forward into our area and bumped into nuclear gauge while our technician was running the test. Our technician failed to maintain his work zone and communicate that the test was in progress. No one is to be in the area during testing. No damage to unit, office RSO came on site and surveyed the gauge. • Employee was monitoring vibrations in the structure next door to the construction site. While a crane was lifting a steel beam into place, the crane’s brake came loose and allowed the beam to swing around the job site. Fortunately, no one was struck. This is an excellent example of why exclusion zones must be established around cranes and other heavy equipment. Always stay aware of your surroundings, make eye contact with equipment operators, and establish a safe exit route.

Safety Question Answer: D During the monthly fire extinguisher inspection the following must be completed:  Make sure the pin is in place and secured with tie, 2. Check the gauge and make sure it is in the green, make sure the nozzle is clear, 3. Shake the extinguisher upside down and secure it to the wall mount or vehicle mount October 2018 Safety Quiz Please circle the letter of the answer that fits best. Some answers can be found in the newsletter 1. Fire Triangle results from combining fuel, oxygen, and a heat source. A. True B. False 2. In order to extinguish a burning fire, at least _____ of the elements of the fire triangle must be removed A. two B. Three C. One D. None 3. An employee should use a fire extinguisher only on a fire that does not endanger the employee. A. True B. False 4. Class ABC extinguishers are used on: A. Gases and Flammable liquids B. Paper or trash C. electrical fires D. All the above 5. The acronym that describes how to use a fire extinguisher is? A. P.A.A.S B. P.A.S.A C. P.A.S.S D. All the above 6. When you use a fire extinguisher, you first pull the ______. A. Hose B. Pin C. Trigger D. All the above 7. Before you squeeze a fire extinguisher’s trigger, aim at: A. The highest point B. Area that surrounds the fire C. The base of the fire D. All the above 8. How often should an employee inspect a fire extinguisher? A. Once a year B. Once every six months C. Once a month D. Every two years 9. You must never use water on an electrical fire because it: A. Will make the fire spread B. Can cause electrical power to go out C. Can cause a dangerous shock 10. What kind of fire extinguisher must be present in all Ardaman vehicles? A. Class A B. Class D C. Class ABC D. Class K 11. At least how many minutes must a fire watch be present after all hot work is completed on site? A. 20 minutes B. 30 minutes C. 1 Hour D. All the above 12. Failure to follow the Ardaman PPE policy may result in disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment. A. True B. False 13. Fire extinguishers must be mounted securely in each vehicle. A. True B. False All Ardaman employees must complete the quiz and turn it in by the end of each month. For those individuals who cannot attend the monthly safety meeting please complete the quiz and submit it to your supervisor for approval. These will be sent to HR/H&S. All others must submit the quiz at the designated location at your office. The supervisor only needs to sign the quiz if you are unable to attend the meeting, you must explain the reason in the box below:

Print Name Here Sign Name Here Date

Supervisor Print Name Here Supervisor Sign Name Here Date