NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2013
Information Acceleration Oracle Database In-Memory option delivers query results 100 times faster and doubles transaction processing rates / 14 C Is for Cloud, Consolidation, and Customers Oracle customers drive the genesis and marquee features of Oracle Database 12c / 15 The Next Big Wave Explore mobile frontiers with Oracle ADF Mobile / 38 SQL in PL/SQL Enhancements Oracle Database 12c enhances writing and executing SQL in PL/SQL / 51 On Oracle Database 12c, Part 2 Our technologist fi nds a match for his SQL and makes his undo temporary / 55 ENGINEERING AS A SERVICE Organizations deploy database as a service in private clouds with Oracle Exadata
The Business of Growing Land O’Lakes invests in Oracle engineered systems to plant the seeds of change Record- Breaking Oracle OpenWorld, JavaOne, and MySQL Connect deliver a week of innovative technology
ND13_COVER.indd 1 10/9/13 9:44 AM Untitled-1 6 9/27/13 2:54 PM Untitled-1 7 9/27/13 2:54 PM 2 VOLUME XXVII - ISSUE 6 CONTENTS
RECORD-BREAKING Oracle OpenWorld, JavaOne, and MySQL Connect deliver a week of innovative technology to 60,000 people onsite and 2.1 million people online. —Tom Caldecott / 24 THE BUSINESS ENGINEERING OF GROWING AS A SERVICE The second-largest cooperative in the Organizations are turning to Oracle Exadata for United States, Land O’Lakes invests in consolidation and deployment of database as a service Oracle engineered systems to plant the in private clouds. —David A. Kelly seeds of change. —Marta Bright / 28 / 34
Cover: I-Hua Chen
Up Front / 4 INTERVIEW / 15 Technology / 38 PL/SQL / 51 C Is for Cloud, SQL in PL/SQL FROM THE EDITOR / 4 Consolidation, and Enhancements Quintessential and Customers Oracle Database 12c Collaborative —Tom Haunert Oracle customers drive the enhances writing and MASHUP / 5 genesis and marquee features executing SQL in PL/SQL. News, views, trends, of Oracle Database 12c. —Steven Feuerstein —Tom Haunert ORACLE ADF / 38 and tools The Next Big Wave ASK TOM / 55 Explore mobile frontiers with On Oracle Database 12c, Part 2 At Oracle / 6 Community / 18 Oracle ADF Mobile. —Frank Nimphius Our technologist finds a EVENTS / 6 PARTNER NEWS / 18 match for his SQL and makes BUSINESS his undo temporary. Find out about upcoming BOOK BEAT / 18 ANALYTICS / 43 —Tom Kyte technology and industry ARCHITECT / 21 Integrate and Analyze events. Become a Better Combine structured and RESOURCES / 7 Architect unstructured data for Comment / 60 Your guide to Oracle Single steps you can take analysis and new insights. webcasts, podcasts, white today —Bob Rhubart —Mark Rittman TIME CAPSULE / 60 Flashbacks: Culture. Industry. papers, and more PEER-TO-PEER / 22 DATABASE STORAGE Oracle. —Rich Schwerin BRIEFS / 10 User Group Hug MANAGEMENT / 47 The latest product news Three peers tout the benefits Automatic Data NEWS / 14 of Oracle user groups, new Optimization features, and old favorites. Learn how to enable Information Acceleration —Blair Campbell information lifecycle The Oracle Database management to In-Memory option redefines automatically move data to speed. —Fred Sandsmark lower-cost storage tiers and compress it. —Arup Nanda
NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2013 ORACLE.COM/ORACLEMAGAZINE
ND13_TOC_R1.indd 2 10/10/13 2:06 PM 3
Editorial Publishing Editor in Chief Vice President Tom Haunert [email protected] Jeff Spicer [email protected] Managing Editor Publisher Jan Rogers [email protected] Jennifer Hamilton [email protected] +1.650.506.3794 Senior Editor Associate Publisher and Audience Development Director Caroline Kvitka [email protected] Karin Kinnear [email protected] +1.650.506.1985 Associate Editor Patty Waddington Advertising sales Contributing Editor and Writer President, Sprocket Media Blair Campbell Kyle Walkenhorst [email protected] +1.323.340.8585 Technology Advisor Western and Central US, LAD, and Canada, Sprocket Media Tom Kyte Tom Cometa [email protected] +1.510.339.2403 Contributors Eastern US and EMEA/APAC, Sprocket Media Marta Bright, Jeff Erickson, Fred Sandsmark, Rich Schwerin, Leslie Steere Mark Makinney [email protected] +1.805.709.4745 Advertising Sales Assistant, Sprocket Media DESIGN Cindy Elhaj [email protected] +1.626.396.9440, x201 Senior Creative Director Mailing-List Rentals Francisco G Delgadillo Contact your sales representative. Senior Design Director Suemi Lam Resources Design Director Oracle Products Richard Merchán +1.800.367.8674 (US/Canada) Contributing Designers Oracle Services Jaime Ferrand, Arianna Pucherelli +1.888.283.0591 Production Designers Oracle Press Books Sheila Brennan, Kathy Cygnarowicz oraclepressbooks.com
Editorial Board Ian Abramson, Karen Cannell, Andrew Clarke, Chris Claterbos, Karthika Devi, Kimberly Floss, Kent Graziano, Taqi Hasan, Tony Jambu, Tony Jedlinski, Subscription Information Ari Kaplan, Val Kavi, John King, Steve Lemme, Carol McGury, Sumit Sengupta, Subscriptions are complimentary for qualified individuals who complete the Jonathan Vincenzo, Dan Vlamis form found online at oracle.com/oraclemagazine. For change of address, mail in label with the new address to: Oracle Magazine, P.O. Box 1263, Skokie, IL 60076-8263.
Magazine Customer Service United States Postal Service Statement of Ownership, [email protected] Fax +1.847.763.9638 Phone +1.847.763.9635 Management, and Circulation. Privacy Oracle Magazine, ISSN 1065-3171, is published bimonthly (six issues each Oracle Publishing allows sharing of its mailing list with selected third parties. year) with a free subscription price by Oracle Corporation. The office of If you prefer that your mailing address or e-mail address not be included in this publication and the general business office are located at 500 Oracle program, contact Customer Service at [email protected]. Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065. The publisher is Jennifer Hamilton Bingo; the editor is Thomas Haunert; the managing editor is Jan Rogers; Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication and the owner is Oracle Corporation, all at the above address. Known stock- may be reprinted or otherwise reproduced without permission from the editors. ORACLE MAGAZINE holders owning or holding 1 percent or more of the total amount of stock is IS PROVIDED ON AN “AS IS” BASIS. ORACLE EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, Lawrence J. Ellison at the above address. There are no known Bondholders, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. IN NO EVENT SHALL ORACLE BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES OF ANY KIND ARISING FROM YOUR USE OF OR RELIANCE ON ANY INFORMATION PROVIDED Mortgagees, or Other Security Holders Owning or Holding 1 Percent or More HEREIN. The information is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for of Total Amount of Bonds, Mortgages, or Other Securities. The Issue Date information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment for the following data is September/October 2013. Average No. Copies Each to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing Issue During Preceding 12 months: Total Number of Copies (Net press run): decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for 347,656; Paid/Requested Outside-County Mail Subscriptions stated on Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle. Oracle and Java are registered trademarks Form 3541: 219,403; Sales Through Dealers and Carriers, Street Vendors, of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Counter Sales, and Other Non-USPS Paid Distribution: 78,394; Total Paid Oracle Magazine (ISSN 1065-3171) is published bimonthly with a free subscription price by: Oracle, and/or Requested Circulation: 297,798; Free Distribution by Mail: 3,624; 500 Oracle Parkway, MS OPL-3C, Redwood City, CA 94065-1600. Periodicals Postage Paid at Free Distribution Outside the Mail: 44,759; Total Free Distribution: 48,382; Redwood City, CA, and additional mailing offices. • POSTMASTER: Send address changes to: Oracle Total Distribution: 346,180; Copies Not Distributed: 1,476; Total: 347,656; Magazine, P.O. Box 1263, Skokie, IL 60076-8263. Percent Paid and/or Requested Circulation: 86.0%. No. Copies of Single Issue Published Nearest to Filing Date: Total Number of Copies (Net press Printed by Brown Printing run): 259,244; Paid/Requested Outside-County Mail Subscriptions Stated on Form 3541: 213,970; Sales Through Dealers and Carriers, Street Vendors, Counter Sales, and Other Non-USPS Paid Distribution: 5,939; Total paid and/or Requested Circulation: 219,909; Free Distribution by Mail: 3,548; Free Distribution Outside the Mail: 34,352; Total Free Distribution: 37,900; Total Distribution: 257,809; Copies not Distributed: 1,435; Total: 259,244; Percent Paid and/or Requested Circulation: 85.3%. This Statement of Ownership, Management, and Circulation was filed October 1, 2013 by Karin Kinnear, Associate Publisher and Audience Development Director.
oracle magazine November/December 2013
ND13_TOC.indd 3 10/8/13 4:08 PM 4 From The Editor
Quintessential and Collaborative Conferences and technology are about participation and information.
racle OpenWorld San Francisco and an and so much comes out of that development OOracle Database release are quintes- effort. In the Oracle Database 12c launch sential Oracle events, but both are massive webcast, Oracle Senior Vice President Andy and impossible to describe in a single post, Mendelsohn pointed out that 2,500 person- blog, or note from the editor. Both events also years of development and 1.2 million hours benefit from growing participation and ever- of testing produced more than 500 new increasing reporting from a range of sources. features in the new database release. We don’t have a practical way to cover all the Bigger and More Personal development years and testing hours in this Growing participation certainly describes magazine, but we do have ways of reporting the attendance at Oracle OpenWorld and on some of those 500 new features. the colocated JavaOne and MySQL Connect You may have noticed (the Oracle Catch Up on Oracle Editor Videos Representatives of Oracle’s magazines—Editors events in San Francisco. A record-setting Magazine editors certainly hope you did) in Chief Aaron Lazenby, Profit; Caroline Kvitka, 60,000 people attended in person, and the beginning of our Oracle Database 12c Java Magazine; and Tom Haunert, Oracle another 2.1 million folks followed the pro- coverage in the September/October 2013 Magazine—participated in Oracle OpenWorld Live 2013 video programming. Most of the inter- ceedings online. issue. That issue included Oracle Database views featured Oracle customers and technolo- And this is just one opinion, but the 12c in the customer-focused “Plug into gists telling their own stories about business and increased attendance did not make the the Cloud” cover feature; the “Cloud technology success; the interviews are available at bit.ly/177vpkb. conference experience less personal. In Computing Breakthrough” news story; Subscribe to Profit magazine, Java Magazine, fact, changes to the setup on Howard Street “Time to Upgrade,” from IOUG President and Oracle Magazine at bit.ly/1gbPjCE. and new and updated Oracle OpenWorld Michelle Malcher; and Oracle Database 12c programming that focused on social media, technology deep dives into some of the 500 Next Steps customer experience, and human capital new database features, by Tom Kyte, Steven management services emphasized the Feuerstein, and Arup Nanda. LEARN more about importance of collaboration and community. This issue continues the coverage of Oracle Oracle OpenWorld If you weren’t able to participate in real Database 12c with an Andy Mendelsohn oracle.com/openworld time in Oracle OpenWorld, JavaOne, or MySQL interview as well as more technology deep Oracle Database 12c Connect or you were there and want to relive a dives into the “Oracle Database 12c 500” oracle.com/database moment or two, check out “Record-Breaking” by the aforementioned Kyte, Feuerstein, WATCH Oracle OpenWorld 2013 video bit.ly/1gbKV6w in this issue, visit the Oracle OpenWorld blog and Nanda. It also includes coverage of the (bit.ly/19qps2A), and watch on-demand video Oracle OpenWorld 2013 announcement of Send Mail to the Editors content on the Oracle OpenWorld Live 2013 the Oracle Database In-Memory option for channels (bit.ly/1gbKV6w). And when you’re Oracle Database 12c (see the “Information Send your opinions about what you read in Oracle done with 2013, sign up to be notified when Acceleration” news story). Magazine, and suggestions for possible technical registration opens for Oracle OpenWorld 2014 And—spoiler alert!—more Oracle articles, to [email protected]. You can (bit.ly/1f6qEAc). Database 12c content is in the works for the also follow our @oraclemagazine Twitter feed or join us on Facebook at bit.ly/orclmagfb. next issue of Oracle Magazine. Letters may be edited for length and clarity and What Is That Magazine Doing Now? may be published in any medium. We consider One challenge with reporting on an Oracle Tom Haunert, Editor in Chief any communications we receive publishable. Database release is that so much goes into [email protected]
CONNECT: bit.ly/aVgo69 bit.ly/orclmagfb twitter.com/oraclemagazine linkd.in/orclmag
November/December 2013 Oracle.com/oraclemagazine
ND13_EdNote.indd 4 10/8/13 3:39 PM MashUp News. Views. Trends. Tools. 5
Nearly 6 in 10 smartphone owners comparison-shop using a mobile device while in a physical store, according to Parago.1 If you’re holiday shopping, these apps can help. The Find Nextag Shopping PriceGrabber RedLaser Barcode In addition to Search for products This companion app & QR Scanner scanning barcodes from thousands of to PriceGrabber Created by eBay, this and comparing merchants, then .com claims to find app compares prices prices from major sort results by price the lowest price on from thousands of online and physical (including tax and millions of products retailers, including retailers, this app shipping), ratings, from thousands of local stores in the US. lets you set price and more. The app stores. It includes It also offers coupons alerts, provides also includes product product and and integrates coupons, and reviews and can merchant reviews your credit cards locates nearby send price-drop and calculates taxes and loyalty cards. “Rather than being forced stores offering your alerts. Free (Android, and shipping. Free Free (Android, iOS, products. Free (iOS). iPhone, iPad, (Android, iPhone, Windows Phone). into a state of perpetual thefind.com Windows Phone). iPad). pricegrabber redlaser.com distraction . . . we can nextag.com .com
COMPARISON SHOPPING APPS SHOPPING COMPARISON approach information technologies in a way that is mindful and nearly effortless and that contributes to our ability to focus, be creative, and be happy.” —Alex Soojung-Kim Pang, author of The Distraction Addiction (Little, Brown and Company, 2013)
ON THE LIST Nearly 50 percent of marketers surveyed say that data is the most BIG Need to get a realistic printout of your desktop gnome or DATA underutilized asset in their organization. Less than 10 percent corporate mascot? The MakerBot Digitizer Desktop 3D Scanner currently use the data they have in a sys- SCAN uses a camera and two lasers to create a standard-format 3-D tematic way, and just 18 percent have a digital file of any physical object up to 8 inches in diameter, 8 single, integrated view of customer action. inches tall, and 6.6 pounds in weight. That file can then be printed However, 71 percent plan to implement a on a desktop 3-D printer or shared with the growing online 3-D big data analytics solution in the next two IN 3-D years. More than 2,200 marketers world- printing community. 3-D modeling or CAD experience is not wide were surveyed. required. US$1,400 (without gnome). makerbot.com/digitizer Source: Teradata Data-Driven Marketing Survey 2013, teradata.com Cloud Services Continue to Grow Use of all types of cloud services steadily increased from 2012 to 2013. Results from a survey of nearly 150 people in June Get Fit in Style 2013—mostly attendees of Cloud Computing Expo—were com- While personal activity trackers are nearly ubiqui- pared with results from the same survey conducted a year earlier. tous, the new Misfit Shine adds a stylish touch. Like USE OF CLOUD SERVICES competing fitness trackers, Shine monitors walking, 62% biking, and sleep, and syncs with a smartphone or computer via Bluetooth. But its polished aluminum 49% 46% finish, and ability to be worn as a wristband, lapel 38% 52% pin, or necklace, lets you take it from marathon to Software 44% 40% black-tie cocktail party with ease. It even doubles as as a Service Infrastructure 28% Cloud a wristwatch and uses a standard replaceable battery. as a Service Storage Platform as Shine is also water resistant. US$119.95. 2013 2012 a Service misfitwearables.com Source: TwinStrata, twinstrata.com/cloud-survey-2013
1 Source: Dynamic Pricing in a Smartphone World: A Shopper Showrooming Study, parago.com/news/showroomingstudy
ORACLE MAGAZINE NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2013
ND13_MashUp.indd 5 9/25/13 10:16 AM 6 Events
Technology Events Oracle User Groups Suncoast Oracle Users Group Conferences and sessions to help you stay Holiday Event December 3, Ybor City, Florida on the cutting edge soug.org
Houston Oracle Users Group Christmas Social UKOUG Technology December 5, Houston, Texas Conference 2013 houg.org December 2–4, Manchester, England New Zealand Oracle Users Group Committee Meeting This annual conference covers major technology December 6, Auckland, New Zealand topics, including big data, cloud, mobility analytics, bit.ly/13yeEOF virtualization, collaboration, social, and security. South East Michigan Oracle User Deep dives, labs, and networking activities are on the Professionals Meeting agenda, as are highlights from Oracle OpenWorld December 10, Southfield, Michigan 2013. www.tech13.ukoug.org bit.ly/13Pfjv4 Houston Users Group Meeting and Casino Night JD Edwards INFOCUS Professionals attending the Gartner Data December 11, Houston, Texas December 2–4, Denver, Colorado Center Conference choose from tracks that bit.ly/14uM6oo fbit.ly/16J3RU0 focus on servers, cloud computing, enterprise Kansas City Java User Group Meetings This event offers in-depth education about mobility, operating systems, IT operational December 11 and January 8, Leawood, Kansas Oracle’s JD Edwards EnterpriseOne applica- excellence, storage and facilities, business kcjava.org tions and kicks off year-long special interest continuity, and disaster recovery. Portland Java User’s Group Meeting group (SIG) programs. December 17, Portland, Oregon SANS Cyber Defense Initiative 2013 pjug.org Big Data World Congress December 12–19, Washington DC Chicago Java Users Group December 3–4, Munich, Germany fbit.ly/16NYDIs Downtown Meetings fbigdatacongress.com This event covers security, IT auditing, December 17 and January 21, Chicago, Illinois More than 40 speakers and 500 attendees security management, penetration testing, cjug.org explore infrastructure for big data, analytics, and computer forensics. It also offers UKOUG Solaris SIG Meeting in-memory computing, machine learning, the hands-on, immersive training on how to miti- December 18, London, England Internet of Things, and social data. gate cyber attacks. ukoug.org Memphis Java User Group Meeting ICDM 2013: IEEE International National Retail Federation Annual December 19, Memphis, Tennessee Conference on Data Mining Convention and Expo memphisjug.org December 7–10, Dallas, Texas January 12–15, New York, New York Chartered Institute for IT, BCS ficdm2013.rutgers.edu fbigshow14.nrf.com Berkshire Branch Committee Meeting This international forum is for researchers and Nicknamed “Retail’s BIG Show,” this annual January 7, Reading, England bit.ly/15AGXLI developers whose focus includes statistics, gathering includes education and thought machine learning, pattern recognition, databases, leadership on topics ranging from mobile New England Java Users Group Meeting data visualization, and knowledge-based systems. retailing to sustainability. January 9, Waltham, Massachusetts nejug.org
Gartner Data Center Conference Oracle Business Intelligence PackerLand Users Group Meeting December 9–12, Las Vegas, Nevada Warehousing and Analytics Summit January 9, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin bit.ly/14K2LLG fgtnr.it/16NYDYX January 14–16, Redwood City, California fbiwasummit.com Northeast Ohio Oracle Users Group Events locator This summit brings together Oracle ACE experts, Business Meeting January 25, Independence, Ohio customers, Oracle partners, and Oracle product neooug.org Oracle Events experts. Focus areas include advanced analytics, oracle.com/events big data, business intelligence and visualiza- Austin Java Users Group Meeting January 28, Austin, Texas mages Locate User Groups tion, enterprise performance management, and I oracle.com/technetwork/community austinjug.org etty
spatial technologies. G
November/december 2013 Oracle.com/oraclemagazine
ND13_Events.indd 6 9/25/13 10:38 AM Resources 7
What’s New at Oracle The latest videos, podcasts, blogs, and more
Webcasts can dramatically enhance data center operations, table discussion with Oracle experts to discuss “Plug Into the Cloud with reduce business risk, lower costs, and support a key identity management trends and issues. Oracle Database 12c” mix of operating systems and applications. fbit.ly/149HX9g Linux Containers Explained Oracle executives and technical experts “Security Inside Out: Latest Innovations in fbit.ly/172X8Uz discuss Oracle Database 12c’s innovative multi- Oracle Database 12c” In this whiteboard presentation, Oracle Senior tenant architecture. fbit.ly/11tcH8b Product Manager Lenz Grimmer explains how Hear from experts how Oracle Database 12c Linux containers work. “Announcing Oracle SuperCluster T5-8: keeps businesses ahead of evolving security Our Fastest Engineered System” threats and regulations with security controls E-Books fbit.ly/18DxJ9r such as sensitive data discovery, real-time data Database Storage for Dummies, Learn how Oracle SuperCluster T5-8 acceler- redaction, and privilege analysis. Oracle Edition ates consolidation and private cloud deploy- fbit.ly/18Dy0tg ments with dramatic performance improvements “Identity Auditing: Techniques for Reducing Get insight into how to choose the right database for a lower TCO. Operational Risk and Internal Delays” storage solutions and how to optimize database fbit.ly/18LBdDw storage for maximum performance and efficiency. “Announcing Oracle Cloud Application Oracle identity management expert Neil Gandhi Foundation” and representatives from (ISC)2 share identity- White Papers fbit.ly/19877h9 auditing techniques that reduce operational risk. “Oracle Multitenant” View a panel discussion by customers and fbit.ly/172iXpz industry leaders, along with demonstrations “MySQL Cluster 7.3: New Features for Get the technical details about Oracle of Oracle WebLogic Server, Oracle Coherence, Internet-Scale Performance with Carrier- Multitenant, a new option for Oracle Database 12c Oracle Enterprise Manager, and Oracle devel- Grade Availability” that simplifies consolidation, provisioning, oper tools. fbit.ly/1c8ZisJ upgrades, and more. Learn the new features included in MySQL “Storage and Applications Engineered Cluster 7.3 to automatically scale database ser- “Plug Into the Cloud with Oracle Together: Oracle Has It, NetApp Doesn’t” vices while maintaining five 9s availability. Database 12c” fbit.ly/15K6uEs fbit.ly/1f04UBM Analyst Marc Staimer of Dragon Slayer Consulting Videos Discover the new capabilities in Oracle Database and Oracle storage executives discuss why Developing Applications with Oracle 12c, including multitenancy, optimized storage application-engineered storage is essential. Application Development Framework Mobile and compression, continuous access, security, fbit.ly/14DOIWF and more. “Online Forum: Oracle Solaris and View an in-depth, interactive presentation cov- Oracle’s Systems—The Best Platform ering mobile development with Java and HTML5. “Deliver Next-Generation Applications for Oracle Software” with Industry-Leading Oracle WebLogic fbit.ly/165jRkM The Top Five Things to Look For in a Cloud Server 12c Release 12.1.2” Take an in-depth look at how Oracle Solaris is Provider When It Comes to Security, Part 3 fbit.ly/18gUiNR coengineered with Oracle’s systems and software fbit.ly/13aHW5r Read an overview of the new features in the latest to deliver the best possible user experience. Deloitte Principal Irfan Said shares how to version of Oracle WebLogic Server. mitigate risk in the cloud, along with the top five “Virtualization and Cloud Made things to look for in a cloud provider. “Solving Data Management and Scalability Simple and Easy with Oracle’s Latest Challenges with Oracle Coherence 12c” Engineered System” Identity Governance and Key Identity fbit.ly/13KPNNk fbit.ly/13F7PNT Management Trends Discover how Oracle Coherence is scaling applica- Wim Coekaerts, senior vice president of Linux fbit.ly/145xbYn tions with real-time data processing and cache and virtualization at Oracle, unveils a system that Larry Samuels of NEC Australia hosts a round- updates to meet mobile and cloud demands.
oracle magazine November/december 2013
ND13_Resources.indd 7 9/25/13 12:16 PM 8 Resources
overHEARD Oracle Coherence YouTube Channel fbit.ly/16j8Yti “This is a breakthrough release that makes cloud computing Watch dozens of new webcasts and video better, a lot better. [Oracle Database 12c is] the first multi tutorials on how Oracle Coherence can scale tenant database designed for the cloud. Its fundamentally your business applications and reduce your operational costs. new multitenant architecture enables you to create multiple, pluggable databases to support modern cloud deployments.” Oracle WebLogic YouTube Channel —Oracle President Mark Hurd in “Plug Into the Cloud with Oracle Database 12c” (bit.ly/149HX9g) fbit.ly/13e5MNz Watch how-to videos that showcase numerous “Oracle’s Internet of Things Platform: performance database environment running on timely topics—such as dynamic clustering, elastic The M2M Platform for a Connected World” Oracle Exadata and what to expect when you Java Message Service, and more. fbit.ly/18v9NBc move your database operations to a preinte- Read about Oracle’s platform to address the grated engineered system. MySQL YouTube Channel Internet of Things and machine-to-machine fbit.ly/14wVsGX (M2M) communication. Calculators Subscribe to the official MySQL channel on Business Process Management Maturity YouTube and watch informative demos, tutorials, “Oracle Virtual Networking—Delivering Assessment Tool and technical presentations. Fabric Virtualization and Software- fbit.ly/1cHnTCV Defined Networks” Get a customized report that breaks down your Podcasts fbit.ly/16AwBxS business process management maturity and sug- “Upgrade to Oracle E-Business Suite 12 This International Data Corporation (IDC) white gests next steps to help you advance. in the Cloud with Oracle Managed Cloud paper examines the business and technological Services” factors driving network virtualization and profiles Service-Oriented Architecture Maturity fbit.ly/1dVOHNu the Oracle Virtual Networking products that are Assessment Tool Hear how Oracle Managed Cloud Services is used to deliver software-defined networks. fbit.ly/14wWm6h helping companies like Michael Baker Corporation Take an easy online assessment to learn your successfully upgrade straight to the cloud. “From Database Clouds to Big Data: 2013 service-oriented architecture maturity and find IOUG Survey on Database Manageability” out how to move to the next level. web locator fbit.ly/18WmsBi A newly released Independent Oracle Users Group Resource Centers Oracle Blog Center oracle.com/blogs (IOUG) membership survey sheds light on tough Oracle’s Data Integration Resource Center Oracle Consulting database management challenges and makes for Oracle Applications oracle.com/consulting recommendations for overcoming them. fbit.ly/1912It1 Oracle Events and Webcasts Access white papers, screencasts, and customer oracle.com/events “READ_ME_FIRST: What Do I Do with All of testimonials that describe how to gain more value Oracle Newsletters Those SPARC Threads?” from your Oracle Applications using Oracle’s best- oracle.com/newsletters fbit.ly/16o5F2i in-class data integration solutions. Oracle Podcast Center oracle.com/podcasts Read this technical white paper to learn how to Oracle University take advantage of the new SPARC servers, which Unlock New Big Data Insights with MySQL bit.ly/ouoramag provide more than 1,000 compute threads. and Hadoop Oracle on Facebook fbit.ly/1eqIN7c facebook.com/oracle “Why Use Oracle VM for Oracle Databases” View technical articles, white papers, and web- Oracle on Google+ fbit.ly/1b9rb01 casts to learn how to unlock new insights lever- bit.ly/LdGiM0 Read this independent lab validation report aging MySQL and Hadoop. Oracle on LinkedIn linkedin.com/company/oracle comparing Oracle VM to a leading virtualization Oracle on Twitter solution and concluding that Oracle VM is best for Social Media Updates twitter.com/oracle Oracle Databases in all performance categories. Oracle ADF Architecture TV Oracle Support fbit.ly/18xN08j oracle.com/support “Month in the Life of an Oracle Exadata Discover Oracle Application Development My Oracle Support Admin, Part 2: Operations” Framework (Oracle ADF) development and satisfy myoraclesupport.com fbit.ly/13DhXJN design, architecture, development, deployment My Oracle Support Communities communities.oracle.com Find out what it takes to manage a high- best practices, and more.
November/december 2013 Oracle.com/oraclemagazine
ND13_Resources.indd 8 9/25/13 12:16 PM What does 1 hour of downtime cost your business?
RETAIL HOSPITALITY > $9,774.80 > $1,544.80 per hour per hour BANKING INSURANCE > $5,220.80 > $14,836.80 per hour MEDIA per hour > $4,789.60 per hour
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Untitled-1 1 9/27/13 3:45 PM 10 Product Resources
TUTORIALS/VIDEOS New SPARC and Oracle SuperCluster Machines Unleashed
Oracle’s SPARC M6-32 Server Oracle has delivered new systems—the financial close, cost management, projec- Virtualization Options SPARC M6-32 server and Oracle SuperCluster tions, and planning with Oracle In-Memory This interactive demo explains the virtual- M6-32—that dramatically redefine the price/ Applications to help change business ization features of Oracle’s SPARC M6-32 server. It includes discussions of dynamic, performance equation in the high-end server dynamics and enable organizations to bounded, and logical domains and explains market. The SPARC M6-32 server, with up to discover new growth opportunities, make the differences between hypervisor and 32 terabytes of memory and as many as 384 smarter decisions, and accelerate workloads. logical domains. processor cores, can run entire applications “The SPARC M6-32 server and Oracle bit.ly/19fbo1M and databases in memory to deliver unprec- SuperCluster M6-32 fundamentally change Creating JAX-RS 1.1 Web Services edented performance. The massive memory data center economics by combining high- on the Oracle Java Cloud of the SPARC M6-32—combined with its end computing performance and availability This tutorial explains the steps required comprehensive, zero-overhead, no-cost with the cost efficiency of entry-level servers,” to locally develop a JAX-RS RESTful web virtualization capabilities—makes it an ideal says John Fowler, executive vice president service and then deploy it to an Oracle Java consolidation platform for mission-critical of systems at Oracle. “With our big memory Cloud instance. workloads. It also supports electrically iso- machines, you can run huge databases bit.ly/19V0tXr lated dynamic domains, which provide com- and applications in Stock Trading and Analysis Using plete security, service, fault, and resource iso- memory to accelerate Oracle NoSQL Database lation for maintaining maximum availability performance 10 or 20 This video discusses the features of Oracle and isolation of consolidated workloads. times and experience NoSQL Database in terms of managing fast Oracle SuperCluster M6-32, Oracle’s mainframe-like data and big data. It shows a stock trading fastest and most scalable engineered reliability without and analysis application built on top of system, integrates SPARC M6-32 servers paying the high Oracle NoSQL Database as an example. with Oracle Exadata Storage Servers opti- premiums built into bit.ly/1hiw1Jk mized for Oracle Database performance. It other vendors’ high- Publish Your Applications with can boost performance by 10 to 20 times end systems.” Oracle Cloud Marketplace for business-critical applications such as bit.ly/14YQNLH This video illustrates the advantages of publishing applications with Oracle Cloud Marketplace, which provides a targeted Oracle Introduces Two StorageTek Devices channel where independent software Oracle has introduced the StorageTek tinued leadership and innovation in enter- vendors and integrators can showcase T10000D tape drive, which offers up to 8.5 prise tape storage technology,” says James their products. terabytes of native capacity per cartridge Cates, vice president of hardware develop- bit.ly/16UU9Mj and native data rates of 252 megabytes per ment at Oracle. “When you add StorageTek Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c: second, and the StorageTek Linear Tape File Linear Tape File System, Library Edition, Deploy JVM Diagnostics and System, Library Edition, which helps make capabilities and Oracle innovations in both ADP Engines tape storage easier to manage, at a lower cost. data integrity and monitoring, Oracle is In Part 1 of this three-part video series, you “Oracle’s new StorageTek T10000D tape taking a commanding lead in storage.” will learn how to deploy the JVM Diagnostics drive clearly demonstrates Oracle’s con- bit.ly/IPqOHD Engine and the Application Dependency and Performance Engine in Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c. Oracle Improves Cloud-Enabled Customer Experience bit.ly/1eXiH0q Oracle has made significant enhancements that are required in order to deliver simple, DBaaS Private Cloud Using Oracle to its cloud-enabled customer experience integrated, and relevant experiences across Enterprise Manager Cloud Control (CX) portfolio. The enhancements to Oracle all channels and touchpoints,” says Ken 12c and Exadata Database Machine Customer Experience Cloud support sales, Volpe, senior vice president of Oracle product In this tutorial, which includes a brief introduction to cloud computing, you will marketing, commerce, and service orga- development. “With the social, mobile, learn about database as a service (DBaaS) nizations by delivering a more interactive, and interactive enhancements across the and Oracle Exadata Database Machine. social, and mobile Oracle CX portfolio, we are in a better posi- Then you will delve into the steps required experience. tion than ever to help organizations create to establish an Oracle Enterprise Manager “Organizations great customer experiences. Our customers Cloud Control 12c DBaaS private cloud on need to be able to can take advantage of the new capabilities an Oracle Exadata Database Machine. easily establish the immediately in the cloud to meet customer bit.ly/1bp4ysh operational systems demands and increase revenue.”
and infrastructure bit.ly/GztAH7 GROENING LINDY
NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2013 ORACLE.COM/ORACLEMAGAZINE
ND13_Briefs.indd 10 10/8/13 3:06 PM BRIEFS 11
Oracle Applications Leverage Oracle Database In-Memory Option Oracle Updates Oracle Enterprise
Oracle has announced enhanced in-memory delivers real-time insight into all aspects of Resource Planning Cloud applications that leverage the Oracle Database cost management, enabling organizations Extending the industry’s broadest and most In-Memory option of Oracle Database 12c, to maximize gross margins and profits and advanced cloud portfolio, Oracle has deliv- which helps organizations accelerate database enhance product cost structures by opti- ered updates to Oracle Enterprise Resource performance for analytics, data warehousing, mizing component costs. Planning Cloud that enable organizations to reporting, and online transaction processing Oracle Value Chain Planning applications, improve insight, accelerate decision-making (OLTP). Applications that benefit from the including Oracle In-Memory Consumption- with real-time information access, increase new option include Oracle’s JD Edwards Driven Planning and Oracle In-Memory productivity through social business objects, EnterpriseOne and PeopleSoft applications, Performance-Driven Planning, help orga- and manage controls effortlessly. It includes Oracle In-Memory Cost Management, and nizations understand and respond to end- Oracle Financials Cloud, Oracle Procurement Oracle Value Chain Planning. customer demand; analyze and plan massive Cloud, and Oracle Project Portfolio JD Edwards EnterpriseOne In-Memory amounts of supply chain data; and get Management Cloud. Project Portfolio Management and JD better, more timely business insights. “In this constantly changing global busi- Edwards EnterpriseOne In-Memory Sales “The release of Oracle In-Memory ness environment, it is increasingly impor- Advisor enable customers to increase Applications will help organizations not only tant for companies to simplify business revenue and profitability by making faster complete load runs faster but also discover processes, increase productivity, and control and more efficient business decisions. new insights for efficiencies that would pre- costs,” says Rondy Ng, senior vice president PeopleSoft In-Memory Project Discovery viously have been overlooked,” says Steve of applications development at Oracle. helps organizations avoid project failures by Miranda, executive vice president of applica- “Oracle Enterprise Resource Planning Cloud providing visibility into projects. tions development at Oracle. is helping customers drive performance Oracle In-Memory Cost Management bit.ly/15kNFf7 across the enterprise.” bit.ly/GztvU5 Exalytics In-Memory Machine T5-8 Delivers Oracle Unveils Mobile Enterprise Oracle has unveiled Exalytics In-Memory Machine T5-8, an engineered system based PLM Solution on Oracle’s SPARC T5-8 server with 4 terabytes Extending its commitment to the rapidly of memory per machine to drive extreme expanding mobile workforce, Oracle performance for business intelligence (BI) and has introduced Agile Product Lifecycle enterprise performance management appli- Management Mobile. This solution helps cations. Built with industry-leading hardware, mobile workers increase productivity by pro- leading BI software, and in-memory database viding complete visibility into Oracle’s Agile technology, Exalytics In-Memory Machine Product Lifecycle Management processes T5-8 is designed to deliver the best speed-of- manner,” says Paul Rodwick, vice president from the Apple iPad. Built on Oracle ADF thought analytical in-memory performance of product management at Oracle. “Exalytics Mobile, it also enables partners to quickly for customers wanting to consolidate multiple In-Memory Machine T5-8 enables organiza- and easily develop and expand applications analytical applications on a single platform. tions to quickly garner powerful insights into and processes for Agile Product Lifecycle “Data provides the critical competitive their data, allowing them to make smarter Management customers. advantage, but only for those who are able decisions, faster.” “Optimizing all aspects of the product to uncover business insights in a timely bit.ly/omagexalytics lifecycle gives organizations the opportunity to boost their competitive edge by driving Oracle Virtual Compute Appliance Unveiled process efficiency, accelerating innovation, and ensuring quality control,” says John Oracle Virtual Compute Appliance enables duction workloads with minimal, software- Kelley, vice president of product value chain customers to go from power-on to produc- defined configuration. strategy at Oracle. “With the introduction tion in about an hour and deploy ready-to- “Oracle Virtual Compute Appliance is of Agile Product Lifecycle Management run virtual machines in just a few minutes. unique not only in accelerating virtual infra- Mobile, Oracle has made it easier than ever This new engineered system enables rapid, structure deployment but also in speeding to securely access and manage PLM data at repeatable software-defined infrastructure deployment of the complete application any time or from any location. This flexibility deployment for almost any x86 applica- stacks through Oracle VM Templates,” says drives efficiencies across the product life- tion and workload. Oracle Virtual Compute Wim Coekaerts, senior vice president of Linux cycle by supporting strategic and operational Appliance is a “wire-once” system that and virtualization engineering at Oracle. decision-making and product innovation.” comes fully assembled and ready to run pro- bit.ly/16QPs6o bit.ly/18lZlg3
ORACLE MAGAZINE NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2013
ND13_Briefs.indd 11 10/8/13 3:07 PM 12 BRIEFS
New Oracle ZFS Storage ZS3 Appliances Improve Efficiency New MySQL Workbench 6.0
The latest Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance The Oracle ZFS MySQL Workbench 6.0 is now available with products, the Oracle ZFS Storage ZS3 series, Storage ZS3 appli- a redesigned user interface and features that enable organizations to improve operational ances also feature enable users to simplify MySQL database efficiencies, reduce data center costs, and real-time, dynamic development, design, and administration. increase business application performance. application-aware Expanding data volumes and web, cloud, and The Oracle ZFS Storage ZS3 series takes performance and mobile computing growth have increased advantage of Oracle-only storage features health analytics, management challenges for database pro- and capabilities such as Oracle Intelligent which enable orga- fessionals. This new release helps developers Storage Protocol, introduced in Oracle nizations to visualize CPU, cache, protocol, and administrators better manage dynamic Database 12c, which automates Oracle disk, memory, networking, and system- data environments. Database tuning and administration. It also related data—all at the same time. “To address scalability and performance leverages new heat map and automatic data “Oracle’s ability to deliver application challenges of web, mobile, and cloud environ- optimization capabilities of Oracle Database engineered storage is a major differentiator ments, organizations around the world are 12c that apply different compression levels that enables customers to maximize perfor- using MySQL,” says Tomas Ulin, vice presi- through the data lifecycle to deliver con- mance, efficiency, and productivity at a sig- dent of MySQL engineering at Oracle. “MySQL sistently high database performance and nificantly lower cost than the competition,” Workbench 6.0 is a major update that fea- reduced storage capacity. Finally, the Oracle says Scott Tracy, vice president of software tures a number of new enhancements based ZFS Storage ZS3 appliances use Oracle development at Oracle. “The new Oracle ZFS on community feedback. This release makes it Hybrid Columnar Compression to compress Storage ZS3 appliances demonstrate the raw easier than ever for administrators and devel- Oracle Database data by 10x to 50x, signifi- power and value that hardware and software opers to design, develop, and manage their cantly reducing the amount of storage and engineered systems can provide.” MySQL databases.” bandwidthhitsw_OracleMag_DBMotoCDC_BI-A_18Sep-NovDec13.pdf required. bit.ly/x5J4ij 1 9/18/2013 4:25:21 PM bit.ly/GA2r7m
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ND13_Briefs.indd 12 10/8/13 3:07 PM BRIEFS 13
Oracle Delivers Near-Zero Data Loss Data Protection Big Data: More Secure
Oracle has unveiled Oracle Database ments of thousands of databases in a data Oracle Big Data Appliance now includes Backup Logging Recovery Appliance, the center or region. enterprise-class security capabilities for industry’s first backup appliance engi- In addition to offering Oracle Database Hadoop. It offers integrated enterprise secu- neered specifically for database protection. Backup Logging Recovery Appliance for on- rity with preconfigured Kerberos authentica- This Oracle engineered system delivers premises use, a new Oracle service, Oracle tion, LDAP-based authorization, and robust near-zero data loss data protection, Database Backup Cloud Service, enables centralized auditing with Oracle Audit Vault minimal impact on user performance, and a organizations to back up their on-premises and Database Firewall. In addition, Oracle massively scalable architecture. Oracle Database instances directly to Oracle has introduced new versions of Oracle Unlike solutions that require periodic Cloud or replicate their on-premises Oracle Big Data Connectors and Oracle NoSQL backups of all the data Database Backup Logging Recovery Appliance Database that provide enhanced function- in databases, this to Oracle Cloud for added protection. ality, performance, and scalability. new appliance pro- “Businesses today can’t afford to lose “Hadoop systems and NoSQL databases cesses and stores only critical data, incur long downtimes, or suffer have proven to be groundbreaking tech- changed data, reducing application slowdowns,” says Juan Loaiza, nology for big data management,” says the impact of backups senior vice president of systems technology Çetin Özbütün, senior vice president of data on production servers at Oracle. “Oracle Database Backup Logging warehousing and big data technologies and networks while Recovery Appliance is the first product to at Oracle. “With the latest enhancements reducing storage costs. move beyond the decades-long paradigm to Oracle Big Data Appliance, Oracle is It is massively scal- of ineffective nightly backups to deliver a addressing the enterprise-grade security able, enabling a single solution that meets the need for complete and performance customers require in big appliance to handle the protection of critical business data.” data solutions.” data protection require- bit.ly/GzvOXp bit.ly/16QOLd2
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ORACLE MAGAZINE NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2013
ND13_Briefs.indd 13 10/8/13 3:08 PM 14 News By Fred Sandsmark
Information Acceleration The Oracle Database In-Memory option delivers query results 100 times faster and doubles transaction processing rates.
n his opening night And as simple as it is to I keynote address at Oracle activate the Oracle Database OpenWorld 2013 in San In-Memory option, activation Francisco, Oracle CEO Larry is also the end of the configu- Ellison announced the Oracle ration process. “Flip a switch, Database In-Memory option and all your existing applica- for Oracle Database 12c, which tions run much faster,” Ellison dramatically accelerates said. “There are no changes to database performance. SQL. There are no changes to The Oracle Database your applications. There are no In-Memory option accelerates functions that are restricted. queries on data warehouses Everything that works today and online transaction pro- works with the Oracle Database cessing (OLTP) databases In-Memory option turned such as enterprise resource on. There’s no unloading and planning (ERP) systems. reloading of data. Furthermore, it accelerates “Every application that queries on live transactional you wrote, every application data without compromising transaction pro- “Once we have the that you bought—everything—runs without cessing speed. “We figured out a way to not a single change to the application,” Ellison only speed up query processing by a couple column store, we emphasized. of orders of magnitude but at the same time can process data at “And the Oracle Database In-Memory at least double your transaction processing option works beautifully with the Oracle rates,” Ellison said. ungodly speeds.” Multitenant option in Oracle Database 12c, Combining existing in-memory row —Larry Ellison, CEO, Oracle so all of this technology is cloud-ready,” and new in-memory column data formats Ellison concluded. “Every database that you is key to this dramatic improvement in have now will be easier to tune, it will run performance. Oracle Database can now OLTP and batch processing two to three times faster, it will be just as reliable and just as maintain data in both row and column faster than queries and processes executed secure as it is today.” formats simultaneously, storing the column without the Oracle Database In-Memory data in memory with high compression. option, Ellison said. “The DBA doesn’t have Fred Sandsmark is a freelance technology Transactional logging (for rollback and other to figure out what to index and what not writer in the San Francisco Bay Area. purposes) is done only on the row store. to index,” he explained. “The column store “There’s actually very little overhead in covers all the data—everything runs fast. This Next Steps maintaining the column store in memory makes database design much easier, and in addition to Oracle’s traditional row makes tuning, in this case, unnecessary.” store,” Ellison explained. “Once we have Turning on the Oracle Database WATCH highlights of Larry Ellison’s keynote address the column store, we can process data at In-Memory option requires just three simple bit.ly/1bmPTO6 ungodly speeds.” steps: one that specifies how much memory LEARN more about hy The new in-memory columnar format will be used by the in-memory column store, Oracle Database In-Memory option p gra o
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in the Oracle Database In-Memory option one that says which tables or partitions o eliminates the need for analytic indexes. This should reside in the column store, and one Oracle In-Memory Applications bit.ly/15kNFf7
makes analytic queries 100 times faster and that drops the existing analytic indexes. Ph Orange
November/December 2013 Oracle.com/oraclemagazine
ND13_News_R1.indd 14 10/10/13 2:11 PM Interview by Tom Haunert 15
C Is for Cloud, Consolidation, and Customers Oracle customers drive the genesis and marquee features of Oracle Database 12c.
ndy Mendelsohn, senior vice president We’re taking a database instance—which A of database server technologies at we now call a container database—and Oracle, sat down with Tom Haunert, Oracle we’re virtualizing it. That container can now Magazine editor in chief, to talk about the new contain as many as 252 virtual databases, customer-driven technologies and innovations which we call pluggable databases. in Oracle Database 12c. The following is an So now you can take hundreds of separate excerpt from that interview. Listen to a podcast databases that could be on 100 separate of the full interview at oracle.com/magcasts. servers today and consolidate them into one Oracle Magazine: Oracle Database 12c was container database. You can move each of released in June and launched in July, and the these separate Oracle Database 11g or Oracle product release numbering has gone from Database 10g database instances into this 11 to 12. And the g that stood for grid in 11g is one container. Each of the old instances now now c, for cloud. What drove the change? runs in its own pluggable database, which is Mendelsohn: Five years ago, when we started essentially a virtual database. designing Oracle Database 12c, our customers And after you move your schema and wanted a different c: consolidation. They your data into this pluggable database, your wanted to make it possible to lower the total application runs against the pluggable data- cost of ownership for running their databases. Andy Mendelsohn, Senior Vice President, base as though it were a physical database. Database Server Technologies, Oracle And to do that, they wanted to get the kind The pluggable database looks and feels like of benefits people get from virtualization—to focus on traditional key database develop- a physical Oracle Database instance, so you reduce the number of servers running their ment areas: high availability, data ware- don’t have to rewrite your application to run databases—but they also wanted to reduce housing and big data analytics, compression in this environment. the total number of databases they had to and data optimization, performance and Everything just works; the only line of manage, which was not something they were scalability, security and compliance. code you have to change is the connect getting from virtualization. Oracle Magazine: Tell us more about the string. Everything else is unchanged. It’s vir- Our customers asked for consolidation, multitenant architecture, and what it means tualization for databases. so we created the multitenant architecture, for developers, DBAs, and businesses. We understand that a lot of customers which enables them to consolidate hundreds Mendelsohn: You can most easily under- have initiatives to implement virtualization of their databases into one physical Oracle stand the new architecture by comparing of their hardware servers. The good news is Database instance. it to server virtualization. When you take a that hardware virtualization and multitenant This new architecture supports both lower piece of hardware and virtualize it, you create container databases are complementary: the capital expenditures and lower operational logical servers called virtual machines, and customers can simply create the container costs. So in the original design, the c behind those virtual machines look and feel like database in a VM. Oracle Database 12c was for consolidation. real hardware servers to applications. Your And with pluggable databases, they also Oracle Magazine: Oracle Database 12c applications can run on them and not know get much denser consolidation than they includes more than 500 new features. What that they’re running on a virtual machine had before, because instead of hundreds of are some of the categories or focus areas of as opposed to a physical machine. And you database instances—with all their separate these new features? do this to consolidate—to take hundreds of shared memory and background processes Mendelsohn: From a planning standpoint, servers and consolidate them into hundreds and so on—now they just have one container cloud and consolidation were a major focus, of VMs on just one or two servers. database with one shared memory area and and that’s where the multitenant architec- With Oracle Database 12c, we’re doing one set of background processes. A container
Bo b Adler ture came from. But we also continued to something very similar for the database. database also enables DBAs to manage many
oracle magazine November/December 2013
ND13_Interview.indd 15 10/8/13 2:46 PM 16 Interview
as one: a single command at the container “Another marquee feature in Oracle Database database level can back up, recover, and create a standby for all the pluggable data- 12c is for analytics for big data and data bases in the container. This greatly lowers the costs of managing the databases. warehousing: SQL Pattern Matching.” Oracle Magazine: What is your top-feature —Andy Mendelsohn, Senior Vice President, Database Server Technologies, Oracle list for Oracle Database 12c? Mendelsohn: When we designed Oracle In the past, if you had a standby database much denser compression. And so this whole Database 12c, we identified what we thought more than, say, 100 kilometers [60 miles] storage optimization capability is another would be the marquee features of the release. away from the primary, you had to use an marquee feature in Oracle Database 12c. Multitenancy—the multitenant architec- asynchronous Data Guard configuration, for The last marquee features I’ll mention are ture—was by far the #1 feature of the release. performance reasons, which meant that if the for data security. We added two very powerful The development project to design and build primary database went down, the standby data security features to Oracle Database 12c: the new multitenant architecture was huge. database potentially could lose the last few the first is something we call “data redac- We had to modify virtually all the compo- seconds’ or minutes’ worth of transactions. tion.” Data redaction is a capability that lets nents of the database product to support it. Now, with Oracle Database 12c and Active a DBA introduce rules into the database that As part of the project to support Data Guard Far Sync, you can have the standby let customers deal with compliance issues. multitenancy, we also enhanced Oracle Real database across continents, across oceans— For example, let’s say a call center operator Application Testing, so that now you can do thousands of miles apart—and still ensure is able to look at the personal information consolidated replays in Oracle Database 12c. that there’s zero data loss if the primary data- of customers. Then an auditor comes along You can take multiple database workloads base goes down. All the transactions will be and finds this out and says, “No, you’ve got that you want to consolidate into a single available on the standby database. to fix that immediately.” In the past, that was database, and you can capture and replay Storage optimization is another big a change to an application, to make sure the those workloads all together. This enables feature area. In Oracle Database 11g, we call center operator couldn’t see that data. you to predict how those workloads will introduced advanced compression, and this In Oracle Database 12c, the DBA can now behave when they’re all running together in has been a very popular option for Oracle institute a rule that says, “If somebody with a consolidated environment. It’s important Database 11g customers. The storage optimi- the call center role is looking at this data, to note that multitenancy also makes it very zation feature customers asked for next was always mask the data before you present it as easy to implement database as a service and better data lifecycle management. a result of a SQL query.” That’s data redac- software as a service. Let’s say there’s an order processing tion in Oracle Database 12c. Another marquee feature in Oracle system and the data starts out really hot: it’s We also added privilege analysis to Database 12c is for analytics for big data and being inserted and updated. The orders are Oracle Database 12c. Privilege analysis lets data warehousing: SQL Pattern Matching. hot for the first couple of weeks, then they us track what kinds of privileges different With SQL Pattern Matching, we’ve extended start cooling off, and then they’re read-only. users of the database need in order to get SQL so that you now can very easily express And then after a year, they become very their jobs done. queries on time-ordered data to look for rarely accessed and are retained for compli- There’s this notion of the principle of least patterns in the data. Also, we implemented ance reasons only. privilege: always make sure your database high-performance algorithms to do this In Oracle Database 12c, to understand this users get the least privileges necessary to do pattern matching. data lifecycle, we’ve introduced the notion of a their jobs. And with privilege analysis in Oracle For example, let’s say you’re looking at heat map, where we capture the last time data Database 12c, we can now see exactly what stock trading data patterns. You can look was read or written in a block or a partition. privileges all the different users are exercising, for the classic W pattern—where the stock Based on that data, DBAs can now set up poli- and then we can, at the push of a button, help price peaks, then goes down for a short-term cies that say things like “After the data hasn’t DBAs remove privileges that are not needed in low, and peaks again. SQL Pattern Matching been updated for a month, compress the the everyday work life of a user. can be applied to web log analysis, financial data, using row compression. Or if you’re on analysis, data analysis, and telecommuni- Oracle Exadata, go compress the data, using Next Steps cations data analysis. Before SQL Pattern columnar compression.” And then maybe Matching, this type of analysis required after the data hasn’t been read for six months, LEARN more about Oracle Database 12c thousands of lines of code to implement— you can have a policy that says, “Automatically oracle.com/database now you can do it in a few lines of SQL. move that data to a low-cost storage tier.” DOWNLOAD Oracle Database 12c bit.ly/epBiUG For high availability in Oracle Database 12c, Or if you’re on Oracle Exadata, you can set we added a marquee feature called Active up a policy that says, “Automatically compress LISTEN to the interview oracle.com/magcasts Data Guard Far Sync. that data, using archive compression” to get
November/December 2013 Oracle.com/oraclemagazine
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Untitled-1 1 9/27/13 3:51 PM 18 Book Beat
Oracle Database 12c: the role of the administrator, and enterprise Smart ERP Solutions Achieves The Complete Reference database capabilities. The book is an essen- Oracle Exadata Ready and Oracle By Bob Bryla and tial beginner’s resource that walks readers Kevin Loney through database configuration, administra- Exalogic Ready Status tion, programming, backup and recovery, Oracle Press Oracle Platinum Partner Smart ERP and high availability. Each chapter includes oraclepressbooks.com a list of specific skills, practical exercises Solutions has announced that its add-on for applying those skills, self-assessments offerings for Oracle’s PeopleSoft applications Oracle Database 12c: The for checking projects, expert Q&A sections, have achieved Oracle Exadata Ready and Complete Reference shows and quizzes to test mastery of the material. Oracle Exalogic Ready status. Smart ERP’s readers how to use the new tools and cloud It also includes in-depth introductions to enhancements of Oracle Database 12c to SQL and PL/SQL, advice for managing large release-independent maintain a scalable, highly available enter- databases, and information on using Oracle’s offerings, HCM prise platform and reduce complexity. This engineered systems. authoritative guide covers database instal- Solutions 3.0 and lation, configuration, tuning, and admin- Getting Started with Oracle Financials Solutions istration and shows you how to build and WebLogic Server 12c: 3.0, provide auto- populate Oracle databases, perform effective Developer’s Guide mated employee and queries, design applications, and secure By Fabio Mazanatti Nunes data. The book also contains a comprehen- vendor onboarding and William Markito Oliveira sive appendix covering Oracle Database capabilities and Packt commands, keywords, features, and func- enable intelligent tions. Electronic content includes all code packtpub.com electronic forms examples from the book and a PDF e-book. Getting Started with Oracle capabilities to RMAN Recipes for Oracle WebLogic Server 12c: reduce paper usage. Database 12c Developer’s Guide provides a practical, hands- smarterp.com By Darl Kuhn, Sam Alapati, on introduction to Oracle WebLogic Server and Arup Nanda 12c. Written for beginners and intermediate users, the book will help developers create a Apress complete Java Platform, Enterprise Edition 6 AdvancedEPM Consulting apress.com application leveraging Oracle WebLogic Server Achieves Oracle PartnerNetwork features such as Java Message Service (JMS), Oracle’s flagship data- SOAP, and RESTful web services. It includes Specialization for Oracle Data base product includes a content on Oracle WebLogic Server’s key Relationship Management wide-ranging set of features to aid database features and step-by-step instructions, with administrators in the all-important tasks screenshots and code samples, to help readers AdvancedEPM Consulting, an Oracle of data recovery and safeguarding against understand and apply important concepts. data loss. Oracle Recovery Manager (Oracle Platinum Partner and Oracle Hyperion RMAN) is at the heart of that feature set and Oracle Big Data Handbook consulting firm that focuses on enterprise is the tool most often used to initiate data- By Tom Plunkett, Brian performance management and master base backup and recovery operations. RMAN Macdonald, Bruce Nelson, Recipes for Oracle Database 12c provides data management, has achieved Oracle Mark Hornick, Helen Sun, an example-driven approach to database PartnerNetwork Specialized status for Khader Mohiuddin, Debra recovery with Oracle RMAN and provides step- Harding, Gokula Mishra, Oracle Data Relationship Management. by-step solutions for the gamut of backup and Robert Stackowiak, Keith This is AdvancedEPM’s seventh Oracle recovery tasks that an administrator might Laker, and David Segleau need to perform. Readers will also learn how specialization. Oracle Database can manage backup files Oracle Press advancedepm.com via the Fast Recovery Area, how to automate oraclepressbooks.com backup and recovery tasks with scripts, how to troubleshoot Oracle RMAN problems and Cowritten by members of Oracle’s big eMeter Achieves Oracle Exadata optimize Oracle RMAN performance, and how data team, Oracle Big Data Handbook to recover a lost control file or online redo log. provides coverage of Oracle’s products Optimized Status for acquiring, organizing, analyzing, and eMeter, a Siemens Oracle Database 12c: leveraging unstructured data. The book Install, Configure, and Maintain discusses technologies essential for suc- business and Oracle Like a Professional cessful big data implementations—including Gold Partner, has By Ian Abramson, Michael Apache Hadoop, Oracle Big Data Appliance, achieved Oracle Oracle Big Data Connectors, Oracle NoSQL Abbey, Michelle Malcher, Exadata Optimized and Michael Corey Database, Oracle Endeca solutions, Oracle Advanced Analytics, and Oracle’s open status for its EnergyIP Oracle Press source R offerings—and offers strategies for oraclepressbooks.com 7.6 Smart Grid using them. The handbook also includes best Application Platform. Oracle Exadata practices for migrating from legacy systems Filled with easy-to-follow to an enterprise big data infrastructure. Optimized status demonstrates that tutorials, this guide provides detailed cov- EnergyIP has been tested and tuned with Look for other Oracle books at bit.ly/NjG3KM. erage of core Oracle Database 12c concepts, Oracle Exadata Database Machine.
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ND13_Partner.indd 18 9/26/13 11:04 AM PARTNER NEWS 19
Infonova R6 Achieves Oracle Exadata Ready Status Three Partners Achieve Oracle
Oracle Gold Partner Infonova has announced multitenant, fully convergent platform for Validated Integrations that Infonova R6 version 6.4 has achieved telco and cross-industry business models. It Three Oracle partners have achieved Oracle Oracle Exadata Ready status. Infonova sup- delivers capabilities for partnering orchestra- Validated Integrations, indicating that their ports R6 version 6.4 with Oracle Exadata tion, monetization, and automated revenue solutions are designed in a reliable, standard- Database Machine, Oracle Solaris 11, Oracle sharing allocation. ized way, have been tested as functionally Linux, and Oracle VM. R6 version 6.4 is a infonova.com and technically sound, and operate and perform as documented. DocVentive and Windward Earn Gold Partnership Corporate Screening Services, an Oracle Gold Partner, has achieved Oracle Validated Two Oracle partners with document- new Oracle Documaker, Enterprise Edition Integration of its background screening related solutions have earned Oracle Gold implementations, and also helps customers solution with Oracle Taleo Enterprise Cloud Partner status. migrate from legacy platforms. Service. The solution simplifies background DocVentive, a provider of document Windward, which provides embedded screening for Oracle Taleo customers . publishing services and solutions, earned reporting and document generation software Q Software Global, an Oracle Gold Partner, Oracle Gold Partner status as an authority solutions, earned Oracle Gold Partner status has achieved Oracle Validated Integration in Oracle Documaker, Enterprise Edition, for delivering enhanced Oracle reports that of its security and compliance suite, Q and Oracle Documaker, Standard Edition. help Oracle Database users gain insights into Software Version 5, with Oracle’s JD Edwards DocVentive solutions their data. OEMs and enterprise customers EnterpriseOne 9.1. Q Software Version 5 address document use Windward’s Oracle reporting tools to enables Oracle’s JD Edwards EnterpriseOne automation require- place Oracle data into templates designed customers to create and manage a robust ments in insurance, in Microsoft Word and Excel and make them security environment. financial services, and available in a variety of formats. Riverbed Technology, an Oracle Gold the public sector. The docventive.com Partner, has achieved Oracle Validated company manages windward.net Integration of its Riverbed Stingray Traffic Manager 9.1 with Oracle E-Business Suite Four Partners Earn Platinum-Level Status 12.1. The solution is a software application delivery controller that helps optimize end- Four Oracle partners have earned Oracle Management, as well as its expertise in Oracle user services by inspecting, transforming, Platinum Partner status. Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition prioritizing, and routing application traffic. Ataway was recognized for its expertise and Oracle Essbase. MindStream Analytics corporatescreening.com across five Oracle solution areas, including focuses on helping clients improve business qsoftware.com Oracle SOA Suite; Oracle’s PeopleSoft understanding and decision-making. riverbed.com Human Capital Management, PeopleSoft Novensys Dynamics Srl achieved rec- PeopleTools, and PeopleSoft Financials; and ognition for its expertise in implementing Performance Architects Oracle Business Process Management Suite. Oracle products, including Siebel Customer IT Convergence was acknowledged for its Relationship Management. Novensys pro- Launches Oracle Exalytics years of Oracle practice and its expertise in vides hardware and software for enterprise Discovery Center Oracle E-Business Suite 12 and Oracle Fusion resource planning, supply chain manage- Performance Architects, an Oracle Platinum Applications. IT Convergence provides con- ment, customer relationship management, Partner, has launched the Performance sulting, education, development, enterprise and business intelligence. Architects Oracle Exalytics Discovery Center. cloud, and managed services. ataway.com MindStream Analytics was recognized itconvergence.com for its expertise and excellence in deliv- mindstreamanalytics.com ering services for Oracle Hyperion Financial novensys.com
Intelenex Achieves Oracle Business Accelerators Qualified Status for The new center offers current and prospec- Oracle E-Business Suite tive customers an environment to evaluate Oracle Platinum Partner Intelenex, an Oracle are cloud-based implementation tools that Oracle Exalytics. Performance Architects Accelerate for Midsize Companies solu- can reduce implementation time and costs. provides industry-specific, functional, and tion provider, has achieved Qualified status Intelenex delivers consulting and implemen- technical proof-of-concept and pilot services on Oracle Business Accelerators for Oracle tation services for Oracle Applications. using real customer data.
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Untitled-1 1 9/27/13 3:55 PM Architect By Bob Rhubart 21
Become a Better Architect Single steps you can take today
here is no magic potion or wonder drug “The one single step with this understanding that they will be Tthat will instantly turn you into a great able to direct their technical skills, and the architect. You still need a unique combina- to being a better skills of others in IT, toward better serving tion of technical and communication skills the company.” and experience to succeed in that role. So IT architect is to Eric Stephens, an enterprise architecture you’re going to have to work at it, and given stop being an IT director at Oracle, takes Davies’ suggestion the pace of change in information tech- a step further. “The one single step to being nology, that work will be ongoing. architect.” a better IT architect is to stop being an IT But that doesn’t mean there aren’t steps —Eric Stephens, Enterprise Architecture architect,” he says. “The most successful IT you can take today, right now, to become a Director, Oracle professionals I know, regardless of title or better architect. And you’ll be happy to know role, are the ones that are business focused. that those steps aren’t all that difficult or for other stakeholders. Those consequences From an enterprise architecture perspective, complicated. must be discussed early and openly with the technology is, at best, half of the overall For instance, Anthony Meyer, architec- stakeholders so that management, archi- architecture equation.” ture leader at Westfield Insurance, suggests tects, and developers understand why the Stephens sees a trend among many in the that you spend more money on coffee. decisions were made and how they will be community to separate business architec- “The major hurdle for IT architects isn’t implemented. “Know what it takes to create ture from enterprise architecture. “I suspect the validity of their approach,” says Meyer. the proposed solution,” says Dikmans. “Talk that this is because of an emphasis on tech- “It’s in getting buy-in.” The problem, Meyer to the developers; participate in the project.” nology among enterprise architects. Whether suggests, is in the “foundational misun- Oracle ACE Director Ronald van one agrees with that approach is irrelevant. derstanding” between architects and their Luttikhuizen, also a managing partner at My point is that the better architects are partners: the implementers, sponsoring Vennster, echoes his colleague’s emphasis business centric.” executives, and project managers. on involvement. You’ve heard from a quintet of skilled, “While a 20-page presentation “Don’t turn your back on something after successful architects. Now it’s up to you. explaining the technical merits may be you have architected and designed it,” van needed, buying the right partner a cup of Luttikhuizen says. “Keep involved in the Bob Rhubart coffee can sometimes be a more effective realization of the proposed solutions. This (bob.rhubart@oracle way to deal with pushback,” Meyer says. “I’ll will force you to create viable and feasible .com) is manager of the be the first to say that coffee won’t solve solutions and avoid ivory tower architecture. architect community every issue. But in terms of a single step, Involvement in the realization will improve on Oracle Technology coffee and conversation can go a long way your insights and experience with new and Network, the host of the toward building more-productive relation- alternative solutions, other patterns that can Oracle Technology Network ArchBeat podcast ships and getting ideas adopted.” be applied, new trends, and unforeseen pit- series, and the author of the ArchBeat blog Hot beverages aren’t involved in Oracle falls. These experiences can then be applied (blogs.oracle.com/archbeat). ACE Director Lonneke Dikmans’ sugges- in new solutions, making you a better and tion, but she places a similar emphasis on more adaptive architect.” communication and stresses that buy-in is In applying those experiences, it is impor- Next Steps a two-way street. “Get involved,” she says. tant to remember that technical skills alone READ “Too often I see architects who come up with do not make a great architect. “Many archi- “The Most Important IT Career Skill” decisions and rules without committing tects come from a technical background,” bit.ly/11Lduyr themselves to the results of those decisions says Jeff Davies, a SOA architect, developer, Listen to and rules.” and evangelist and a senior principal product “Who Gets To Be a Software Architect?” Dikmans, a managing partner at Vennster, manager at Oracle. “The most important bit.ly/11K35Sf suggests that architects must understand thing they can do is to understand the stra- all ArchBeat podcasts bit.ly/otnarchpod that their actions can have consequences tegic objectives of their companies. It is only
CONNECT: blogs.oracle.com/archbeat facebook.com/brhubart twitter.com/brhubart linkedin.com/in/bobrhubart
oracle magazine november/december 2013
ND13_architect.indd 21 9/26/13 2:16 PM 22 Peer-To-Peer by Blair Campbell
User Group Hug Three peers tout the benefits of Oracle user groups, new features, and old favorites.
Kamran Agayev A. Suk Kim Jason Arneil
Company: Azercell Telecom, the leading mobile Company: NoBreak Company, a provider of Company: e-dba, an Oracle Platinum Partner telecom operator in Azerbaijan consulting services and technical support for providing managed services and professional Job title/description: Oracle DBA, responsible security systems and solutions services support for maintaining, tuning, and troubleshooting Job title/description: Senior consultant, Job title/description: Senior principal databases responsible for Oracle Solaris system tuning, consultant, part of a team of Oracle Exadata Location: Baku, Azerbaijan troubleshooting Oracle Solaris security, and DBAs focused exclusively on e-dba Oracle auditing information security, among other tasks Exadata customers Oracle credentials: Oracle Certified Master (Oracle Database 10g), Oracle Certified Location: Seoul, South Korea Location: Oxford, England Professional (Oracle9i Database, Oracle Oracle credentials: Oracle Certified Associate Length of time using Oracle products: Database 10g, Oracle Database 11g), and (Oracle9i Database), Sun Certified Java 14 years Oracle Certified Expert (Oracle Real Application Programmer (Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Clusters), with 7 years of experience using Edition 1.2), and Sun Certified System Oracle products Administrator (Oracle Solaris 8), with 13 years of experience using Oracle products How did you get started in IT? I really got started while pursuing a PhD in nuclear What technology has most changed your life? physics in the mid ’90s. I was using a Sun Oracle Database. Using it has given me the What’s your favorite tool on the job? DTrace workstation and essentially being the system honor of presenting at Oracle OpenWorld, on is a very powerful analysis tool—other administrator for it. This led me to become the APAC OTN Tour, and at TROUG [Turkish similar tools just aren’t as intuitive. And a Sun system administrator, and from there Oracle User Group] conferences. I’ve also performance analysis is so important for I got to work with Oracle technology—and blogged about my experiences with Oracle ensuring security, which is the focus of realized that I actually preferred being a DBA. Database [see kamranagayev.com] and helped my business. I also appreciate the fact What’s your favorite technique on the job? to establish the Azerbaijan Oracle User Group that DTrace can be utilized in both Oracle Using the Oracle wait interface. The Oracle [AzerOUG]—both of which have expanded my Enterprise Linux and Oracle Solaris. code is well instrumented, and being social circle. What are your favorite mobile applications? able to see where a session or statement is How are you using social media in your Evernote and Oracle Hardware Virtual Tour spending time is a very useful technique. work? As a blogger, I try to share problems (bit.ly/15AIcuh)—a 3-D product catalog. Which new features in Oracle Database I encounter in my daily job. I also record What’s your favorite Oracle technology are you currently finding most valuable? step-by-step video tutorials and share user group? The Korea Oracle Solaris I do a lot of consolidation work with Oracle them on YouTube, Twitter, and Facebook. User Network. I’m the group’s chairman. Exadata, and the pluggable databases in And whenever I’m at an Oracle-related The technical understanding among our Oracle Database 12c are great for that. conference, I tweet from almost every members is high, and we really help each What’s your go-to Oracle reference session I attend about anything new. other. As a member, you can get truly book? Practical Oracle8i [Addison-Wesley You’ve taken Oracle University [OU] classes valuable technical assistance through the Professional, 2000] by Jonathan Lewis and in the past. What led you to do this? I wanted Q&A section of the group’s online bulletin Optimizing Oracle Performance [O’Reilly to learn Oracle from Oracle. OU classes are board—and that’s also a great place to Media, 2003] by Cary Millsap and Jeff Holt. very well structured. They’ve really helped create and share technical documentation. These books are more than 10 years old now, me to update my skills and prepare for the We also promote knowledge sharing through but they’re still valid today. I know I was a Oracle certification exams. a variety of conferences and offline seminars. better DBA after reading them.
Learn more about the Oracle ACE program at oracle.com/technetwork/community/oracle-ace.
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Record- Breaking Oracle OpenWorld, JavaOne, and MySQL Connect deliver a week of innovative technology. By tom caldecott
Conference attendees enjoyed music and spectacular views at the Oracle Appreciation Event on Treasure Island.
Oracle President Mark Hurd appeared live from Oracle OpenWorld on CNBC’s Closing Bell with host Maria Bartiromo.
November/December 2013 Oracle.com/oraclemagazine
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Oracle CEO Larry Ellison discussed racle’s San Francisco conferences have come and accelerating gone for 2013. But for the 60,000 people from 145 queries on data warehouses countries who attended and the 2.1 million people with the Oracle O Database who followed the conferences online—a new attendance In-Memory record—the experience, information, and contacts made option. were investments in the future. Like past conferences, this year’s gathering of business and technology professionals was the place to learn about the latest in technology and trends as well as to network with Oracle experts, partners, and customers. The confer- os ; Flickr Studi H artmann p hy; o gra t ences featured 2,555 sessions, 3,599 speakers, 500 partner and customer exhibits, 408 demos, and a wide variety of
Orange Ph o Orange hands-on labs and meetups.
Oracle President and CFO Safra Catz talked about Oracle’s strategy for simplifying IT at the Leaders Circle @ OpenWorld program.
oracle magazine November/December 2013
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Hot technology topics included big data and analytics, cloud com- puting, and the Internet of Things, to name a few. In his opening keynote, Oracle CEO Larry Ellison introduced three Oracle breakthroughs, which were on view at the Engineered Systems Showcase and DEMOgrounds: Oracle Database In-Memory option to Oracle Database 12c, which delivers queries that are 100 times faster for real-time analytics as well as doubling transaction processing rates; the SPARC M6-32 server, with 32 terabytes of dynamic random access memory (DRAM) and double the number of cores of Oracle’s previous-generation SPARC M5 servers; and Oracle Database Backup Logging Recovery Appliance, which delivers data protection for near-zero data loss. : Sander Van D er B o rch Van o : Sander t As in years past, conferencegoers attended JavaOne; MySQL Connect;
and/or Oracle OpenWorld, which included two special programs, Oracle A / Ph o PartnerNetwork Exchange @ OpenWorld for partners, and Leaders Circle @ OpenWorld for partner and customer executives. HCM @ OpenWorld, Cloud @ OpenWorld, and CX @ OpenWorld were among special focus areas at this year’s conference as well. Attendees watched live coverage of keynotes and sessions through
Oracle OpenWorld Live, a news and information show that was available U S TEAM uilain GRENIER ; © O RACLE o : G on oracle.com and broadcast onsite. This year Oracle OpenWorld Live pro- t
gramming featured 32 segments with customers, partners, and luminaries. A / Ph o The conferences also offered new attractions for fun and relaxation, including two bocce ball courts, a make-your-own-cupcake bar, and wine tasting, in addition to the always popular Oracle Appreciation Event on Treasure Island, which featured music by Maroon 5 and The Black Keys. Some of the most significant record-setting events during conference week were not at the conferences but on San Francisco Bay. After being down eight races to one in the 34th America’s Cup competition, ORACLE TEAM USA won eight consecutive races to win the cup, setting a record for the greatest comeback in the history of the 162-year event. What better U S TEAM os ; Flickr; © O RACLE Studi H artmann p hy; o gra way to finish off an exceptional week? t
Tom Caldecott is a writer in Oracle’s brand marketing group. Ph o Orange
Maroon 5 After coming back entertained from a seven-race the crowd at deficit in the the Oracle 34th America’s Appreciation Cup, ORACLE Event. TEAM USA team members celebrated their historic win.
November/December 2013 Oracle.com/oraclemagazine
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JavaOne attendees relaxed and networked at a reception in the Taylor Street Café.
Oracle Chief Corporate Architect Edward Screven presented a keynote called “The State of the Dolphin” at MySQL Connect.
oracle magazine November/December 2013
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ENGINEERING AS A SERVICE Deploy a world-class private cloud with Oracle Exadata.
BY DAVID A. KELLY
racle Exadata Database Machine is servers they have deployed,” says Oracle’s Tim known for great compute performance, Shetler, vice president of product management O and over the past few years, it has also for Oracle Database. become known as a great platform for any DBaaS goes beyond database consolidation, type of Oracle Database workload, from data by enabling many databases to share a common warehousing to online transaction processing platform, so organizations can get much-more- (OLTP). But now organizations are turning to effective utilization of hardware resources while Oracle Exadata for business efficiencies and also enabling database self-service capabilities. private cloud solutions—for consolidation and “We see DBaaS as a journey. After database as a service (DBaaS). organizations consolidate on the Oracle Exadata “DBaaS is essentially the evolution of platform, they can reduce costs further by database consolidation, as organizations deploying a DBaaS self-service infrastructure on
reduce the number of different database top of the Oracle Exadata platform,” says Shetler. CHEN I-HUA
NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2013 ORACLE.COM/ORACLEMAGAZINE
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“We can do backups more quickly. We can back up the entire stack in about an hour. Now, instead of just managing backups, we’re working on projects that add value to the university.” —Andy Wattenhofer, DBA Manager, University of Minnesota
Checking into the University of Guard feature of Oracle Database, Enterprise Minnesota’s Database Hotel snapshot Edition, for disaster recovery capabilities. For an inside look at how DBaaS works in University of Minnesota The deployment has been live in production the real world, it’s worth checking into the umn.edu since May 2011. University of Minnesota’s database hotel. Location: Minneapolis, Minnesota To create the database hotel, Students: 50,000+ “We call our implementation of DBaaS Wattenhofer’s team took the individual Oracle products: Oracle Database 11g a database hotel,” says Andy Wattenhofer, Release 2, Oracle Exadata Database databases required for different applications DBA manager at the University of Minnesota. Machine, Oracle Enterprise Manager, Oracle and turned them into schemas in a shared “It’s just a nicer-sounding way of saying Real Application Clusters, PeopleSoft Oracle Database instance. hosted database services.” product family “The database hotel model takes the Regardless of what it’s called, the univer- Oracle Database concept of a schema and sity’s DBaaS implementation is having a big positions it more like a database,” says and positive effect on both IT and the University of Minnesota’s users. Wattenhofer. “We’ve taken one large shared instance and created a With more than 50,000 students, the University of Minnesota in model where people can create one or more schemas to build their Minneapolis is one of the largest universities in the United States. applications. They can have roles, login credentials, security, and all The university’s centralized IT group not only has to support all of the standard infrastructure they would expect.” those students but also must provide support and services to more The university’s database hotel enables each database schema to than 40 departments and colleges within the university. In the past, share temp spaces, undo spaces, system tablespaces, and the other each of those departments had its own collection of applications, resources across multiple databases instead of duplicating those systems, and databases, many of which the centralized IT group resources across many servers and databases. “Now we just have needed to support. everything in one place, so we’re sharing resources and administra- That’s why over the past few years, Wattenhofer’s team developed tive overhead,” says Wattenhofer. “We’ve also reduced resource its database hotel as a way of providing faster, more flexible, and utilization by not having to build all these memory structures across more efficient database services to all the university departments. all the different servers.” Specifically, his organization built an Oracle technology-based infra- Another big benefit for the university is that the centralized IT structure that consolidated the databases and many servers from the team is now able to efficiently manage all the database-related back- various departments down to two Oracle Exadata systems. end operations. The University of Minnesota currently has two Exadata Database “You can go from one database to the next, and it works exactly Machine X2-2 half-rack systems from Oracle, with four database the same way, so we’ve really reduced administrative overhead,” says nodes each and roughly 30 terabytes of usable disk space for each Wattenhofer. “And we can do things a lot more quickly. We can patch of the Oracle Exadata systems. The university is using Oracle Real quickly. We can do backups more quickly. We can back up the entire Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) for high availability and the Data stack in about an hour.”
Oracle Enterprise DBaaS Architecture
Organizations already using Oracle Database can bases,’ which means that organizations can have idated, all while database isolation is maintained. implement a database-as-a-service (DBaaS) solu- many databases plugged into the same database Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control tion by using a schema consolidation approach container, sharing system resources so that overall 12c also provides robust support for DBaaS. with Oracle Database 11g, or they can step up to resource requirements are significantly lower.” The tool includes a service module that enables the Oracle enterprise DBaaS architecture, which Oracle Database 12c’s multitenant architecture organizations to easily provision databases is composed of three core components: Oracle is also a great enabler for providing more-efficient without involving the IT department as well as Exadata Database Machine, Oracle Database 12c, DBaaS. In addition to consolidating databases, to set up chargeback plans that allocate cost and Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c. Oracle Database 12c’s multitenant architecture according to what’s used. “Oracle Database 12c is ideal for DBaaS, because can consolidate many database resource require- “The combination of Oracle Exadata as a plat- of its multitenant architecture,” says Oracle’s Tim ments into one common pool of resources. With form; Oracle Database 12c, with its multitenant Shetler, vice president of product management the multitenant architecture, everything from architecture; and Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud for Oracle Database. “The Oracle Database 12c memory and background processes to backups, Control 12c creates a complete solution that’s ideal multitenant architecture provides ‘pluggable data- patching, and upgrades can be shared and consol- for providing DBaaS,” says Shetler.
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But saving on administrative overhead is only one benefit. An important value propo- sition for the university’s Oracle Exadata– based solution was that it would free up valuable IT personnel for more-productive activities, such as creating new applications or working with the users and departments on projects. “Now, instead of just managing backups, we’re working on projects that add value to the university,” says Wattenhofer. “I wanted to move our staff into more- valuable work that really contributes value to the mission of the university.”
Compression and Performance Wattenhofer has also found the capa- bilities of Oracle Exadata’s Exadata Hybrid Columnar Compression feature useful. “We identified one database that had around 350 gigabytes of data, and the Oracle Exadata compression brought it down to around 30 gigabytes. On top of that, you can also get a bit of performance gain,” says Wattenhofer. “Not only did our performance not degrade because of compression, but we also found that some queries were running faster as a result of compression.” Other key benefits, says Wattenhofer, are Oracle Exadata’s Exadata Smart Scan feature and storage capabilities. As one might expect, a university’s applications get pummeled during fall and spring regis- tration, when thousands (or tens of thou- sands) of students are scheduling classes. During the student registration process, the university has a goal of returning results within a few seconds. Although the univer- sity has always striven to make the process as efficient as possible, the first time it ever The University of Minnesota refers to its Oracle Exadata–based database-as-a-service implementation as a achieved its multisecond goal for returning database hotel. “We’ve taken one large shared instance and created a model where people can create one or results was after the university’s database more schemas to build their applications,” says Andy Wattenhofer, DBA manager at the University of Minnesota. was moved to the database hotel running on Oracle Exadata. through Oracle Exadata, everyone on the new DBaaS platform auto- matically inherits benefits such as security standards compliance. Increased Efficiency and Standardization “They don’t even have to think about it. It’s a free add-on for them,” Another big benefit of DBaaS for the University of Minnesota is that says Wattenhofer. it provides an efficient way for the centralized IT group to make it Providing DBaaS also means that the university’s departments easier for individual departments to manage their own databases yet can create and deploy solutions much faster than in the past, which remove maintenance requirements such as backups and patching. means that “checking into” the university’s database hotel doesn’t In effect, by using the centralized DBaaS service, departments get a take a lot of time. “It’s pretty easy for us to create a new schema in the free DBA looking over their shoulder, backing up systems as needed, database and give credentials to the users. They can just point their ensuring that the appropriate patches are installed, and maintaining application at the new schema,” says Wattenhofer. “It takes us about
Mark Luinenburg appropriate security measures. And with database services provided five minutes to spin up a new database.”
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“I think our ability to manage databases within this single engineered environment really gives us a leg up on our competition.” —Larry Freed, CIO, Overhead Door
At a high level, Oracle’s engineered system approach has assisted company decided to implement the full Oracle stack, from hardware Wattenhofer’s work. “One of the biggest benefits to me is that we up to Oracle Applications. Overhead Door kicked off its “replatform” didn’t have to go through the pain of implementing all the tech- effort (known internally as Project Everest) in January 2012, with a nology that’s in Oracle Exadata,” says Wattenhofer. “It was already global blueprinting process, and started implementation in October done for us, so we were able to give our users a highly available 2012. The company’s first business unit went live on the new Oracle system over the course of two months, from delivery to production.” platform in September 2013, and the company is continuing rollouts to the rest of its business units over the next two years. Using Oracle Exadata to Open Doors to Customers “Since the company has grown, and continues to grow, through When it comes to overhead, revolving, sliding, or other specialty acquisition, we’d like this to become the platform that enables us residential and commercial doors, Overhead Door is the worldwide to grow,” says Freed. “Now, whether we grow through acquisition or leader. But when Overhead Door needed to open doors with its cus- organically, we have a very robust set of capabilities we can deploy.” tomers through a better, faster, and more agile IT infrastructure, the Oracle Exadata Database Machine plays an important part in company turned to Oracle and Oracle Exadata. Overhead Door’s new IT and business strategy. The organization has Based in Lewisville, Texas, Overhead Door is a 92-year-old, nearly two Exadata Database Machine X2-2s deployed, one in production US$1 billion company focused on manufacturing, distributing, and one in development and testing. “Because it’s an engineered installing, and servicing a wide range of openers and doors, from system, Oracle Exadata gives us a leg up on speed, performance, and residential and commercial garage doors and revolving, automatic service to our employees and customers,” says Freed. “With Oracle sliding, and pedestrian doors to truck doors and ramps. The company Exadata and Oracle technologies, we’ve built a private cloud that we manufactures, installs, and services the doors, and the company’s can scale and adjust very quickly as business conditions change.” products are sold through OEMs; dealers; distributors; and retailers For Overhead Door, an important part of the transformation was such as Lowe’s, Home Depot, and Amazon. Overhead Door is owned enabling closer relationships with its customers, across all its chan- by Sanwa Holdings Corporation of Japan and has more than 3,500 nels. “One of the drivers for us was customer intimacy. We didn’t employees; 17 manufacturing locations across the United States, want our infrastructure plumbing to be a problem in achieving Mexico, and the United Kingdom; and about 100 company-owned that,” says Freed. “The Oracle Exadata platform gives us the ability sales and service centers across North America. to have really good speed and performance that enables us to be In 2009 Overhead Door acquired its largest competitor, Wayne- much easier to do business with.” Dalton, which meant a significantly larger combined company as In addition, by upgrading to an Oracle Exadata platform, well as a more complex IT footprint. The organizations used dif- Overhead Door now has the power to analyze and understand its ferent legacy ERP systems, and after a strategic business assess- business and customers in ways it never could before. “This was ment the following year, the leadership of Overhead Door realized really a business transformation enabled by a technology plat- that to continue optimizing business processes, it would need to form,” says Freed. “And we felt that Oracle Exadata was going to invest in a new IT platform. bring that capability to the table for us by enabling us to manage “It became evident that our existing huge amounts of data effectively as well as technology platforms were not going to get snapshot provide new services and integration capa- us where we needed to go,” says Larry Freed, bilities through a customer portal.” Overhead Door CIO at Overhead Door. In addition to transforming the business, overheaddoor.com In 2011 the company embarked on an Location: Lewisville, Texas Oracle Exadata has transformed database evaluation and selection process for a best- Employees: 3,500+ management operations. “I think our ability in-class solution that would support the Oracle products: Oracle E-Business Suite, to manage databases within this single engi- requirements of the business and align Demantra demand management applications, neered environment really gives us a leg up Oracle Transportation Management, Oracle with the strategic initiatives it had com- on our competition,” says Freed. “It also gives CRM On Demand, Oracle Governance Risk mitted to. By the end of 2011, the company and Compliance, Oracle Identity Management, our team the flexibility to be able to manage decided to rip and replace all of its legacy Oracle Business Intelligence, Oracle Business a very complex database environment environments with a new Oracle technology– Intelligence Enterprise Edition, Oracle VM, without nearly the amount of effort it would based platform. Oracle Exadata Database Machine, have taken with our previous solutions.” x86 servers, Oracle Fusion Middleware, “We made a strategic decision to commit In the end, Overhead Door’s new Oracle Oracle Database to Oracle,” says Freed. Specifically, the technology–based architecture is less about
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Oracle Exadata Database Machine plays an important part in Overhead Door’s new IT and business strategy. “With Oracle Exadata and Oracle technologies, we’ve built a private cloud that we can scale and adjust very quickly as business conditions change,” says Larry Freed, CIO at Overhead Door.
technology and more about achieving business objectives. “Our “From the growth and scale perspective, Oracle Exadata can meet Oracle Exadata–based environment is very powerful,” says Freed. our needs,” concludes Freed. “With the Oracle stack and Oracle “Using Oracle Exadata as our database platform brings us the Exadata, we now have a single, unified platform that should be able power and capability we need in order to differentiate ourselves to fit just about anything we bring on board.” in the marketplace.” David A. Kelly (davidakelly.com) is a business, technology, and travel Database Services for the Future writer who lives in West Newton, Massachusetts. As competition continues to increase and the available time to Next Steps market decreases, organizations have to find new ways to stay ahead. One way to do that is to focus on IT solutions, such as DBaaS, that LEARN more about Oracle Exadata provide users with more control and the ability to respond more oracle.com/exadata quickly to business change while enabling IT personnel to focus on Oracle Database projects that truly add value to the business. oracle.com/database Staying ahead of the competition also requires being ready Oracle Private Database Cloud
ell for company acquisitions, organic business growth, the bit.ly/GBXIkH w continuing explosion of data, and the new business questions Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c bit.ly/175NHTV
Paul S. Ho S. Paul that will follow that new data.
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ND13_Exadata.indd 33 10/8/13 3:57 PM The Business of Growing Land O’Lakes invests in Oracle engineered systems owell
to plant the seeds of change. by Marta Bright R W es
November/December 2013 Oracle.com/oraclemagazine
ND13_LOL.indd 34 9/26/13 4:22 PM lose to 21 million American farmers produce, Oracle Exadata and Oracle Exalogic, Land O’Lakes process, and sell food and fiber products, and has become a Fortune 500 company and is now the Cnearly US$136 billion in farm goods were second-largest cooperative in the United States, with exported in 2011. Chief among these producers is the annual sales of more than US$14 billion. Over the Land O’Lakes cooperative, which has been a part of years, Land O’Lakes has expanded its operations into the American landscape for nearly a century. a variety of subsidiaries, including WinField Solutions An iconic brand, Land O’Lakes has grown far beyond (WinField), which provides farmers with a wide variety its roots as a small cooperative of dairy farmers with of crop seeds and crop protection products, and Purina forward-thinking ideas about producing and packaging Animal Nutrition, which provides farmers and ranchers butter. Supported by a variety of technologies, including with a wide variety of animal nutrition products.
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ND13_LOL.indd 35 9/26/13 4:23 PM Oracle Exadata, Oracle Exalogic, and the Oracle WebCenter platform—to handle some of the complexities of the seed business. Like the Land O’Lakes dairy products business, WinField functions as a whole- saler: it sells seed and crop protection prod- ucts and services to local co-op members who, in turn, sell to farmers. To support the operation, WinField has grafted an array of Oracle technologies together with existing proprietary systems. This includes the R7 Tool—an interactive web-based, mobile platform that aids agronomic decision- making—and the company’s web-based seed ordering system, Connect3. What makes seed sales unique and chal- lenging is that they are directly tied to seasonal purchasing. “There’s somewhat of a Black Friday in the seed business,” explains Tony Taylor, director of technology services at Land O’Lakes. “WinField is a US$5 billion company that sells all of its seed during about a six- week period of time.” With such a hugely com- Land O’Lakes and its subsidiaries view the Oracle platform—including Oracle Exadata and Oracle Exalogic— pressed sales cycle, speed and efficiency in the as a powerful consolidation system. “We can essentially do more with less on these engineered systems than we can on traditional platforms,” says Land O’Lakes Vice President and CIO Mike Macrie (right), with online ordering experience are essential. Add Land O’Lakes Director of Technology Services Tony Taylor. to that heightened customers’ expectations, and if transactions are running in minutes Firmly Rooted in Cooperation and Technology rather than seconds, customers aren’t going to use that system. The dairy and farm product giant has been a user of Oracle’s JD To support its co-op members, WinField uses Oracle Endeca Edwards EnterpriseOne enterprise resource planning (ERP) appli- Information Discovery technology in its Emerald Extras Equinox cations for more than a decade, and the Oracle footprint extends program, which helps co-op members better understand behaviors across Land O’Lakes and the WinField and Purina Animal Nutrition and patterns in the farming market. “We can glean information subsidiaries. “We’ve been a longtime JD Edwards EnterpriseOne ERP that tells us, for instance, who has bought 1,000 acres of seed but customer across multiple divisions,” explains Mike Macrie, vice pres- maybe has bought only 500 acres’ worth of protection products ident and CIO at Land O’Lakes. “Our growth into our current Oracle such as herbicides, granular micronutrients, adjuvants, and seed footprint began about four years ago, when we invested heavily in treatments,” explains Macrie. Oracle’s technology platform and applications.” Through its partnership with GEOSYS, WinField uses the R7 For example, back in 2010, Land O’Lakes introduced Oracle’s Tool to gather and analyze huge volumes of imaging data, which Demantra demand planning applications and Oracle Transportation it uses to help farmers make smarter agronomic decisions and Management, which the company promptly integrated with its ultimately gain higher yields. existing JD Edwards EnterpriseOne system to improve shipping and WinField also drills down into information that, for instance, dis- delivery operations. In the case of WinField, the company began plays details in January about a particular farmer who typically pur- focusing more heavily on the Oracle technology stack—including chases seed and products in November but has not yet ordered. This
JD Edwards EnterpriseOne
For more than a decade, Land O’Lakes has been by the lack of integration between its business in the next 12 to 18 months while moving the appli- running Oracle’s JD Edwards EnterpriseOne to units, so it combined its 12 manufacturing plants, cation tier onto Oracle Exalogic and the back-end meet the enterprise resource planning (ERP) 40 third-party warehouses, and 23 contract Oracle Database instance onto Oracle Exadata. requirements of Purina Animal Nutrition, one manufacturing facilities on a single instance “With everything we’ve already got in place, com- of the largest producers of animal feed, and of its JD Edwards EnterpriseOne and Oracle bined with future Oracle investments, we think WinField, a business that sells crop protection Transportation Management solution. we’re going to get all the performance we need for solutions and seed to farmers. In 2006, the Land O’Lakes plans to upgrade the dairy foods our growing environment,” says Tony Taylor, direc- company’s dairy foods division was hindered division’s JD Edwards EnterpriseOne environment tor of technology services at Land O’Lakes. Mark Luinenburg
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provides WinField the information it needs environment probably to a user base that has in order to perform proactive outreach to snapshot tripled in size, and the system continues to farmers to find out if they simply haven’t had Land O’Lakes/Purina Animal Nutrition/ hold up and perform very well,” says Taylor. time to place an order. “We’re able to help WinField Solutions “WinField is now benefiting from a trans- farmers and our co-op members, even in landolakesinc.com action and analytics environment that is purinamills.com cases where we’re not sure whether it’s going approximately 15 times as fast as it was with winfield.com to directly benefit Land O’Lakes or WinField,” Headquarters: Arden Hills, Minnesota its legacy environments.” says Macrie. “Because this is truly a coopera- Industry: Agriculture Both Macrie and Taylor are supportive of tive system, these are the people we work for, Employees: 9,000 taking their Oracle investment to the next and we’re willing to invest in them.” Oracle products: Oracle Database 11g Release level. “We’re considering investing in Oracle 11.2, Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle Exalytics,” says Macrie. “With the under- RAC), Oracle Advanced Compression, Oracle Harvesting the Rewards Partitioning, Oracle GoldenGate, Oracle lying technologies of the Oracle application Prior to implementing Oracle technology and GoldenGate Veridata, Demantra demand plan- platform, we see Oracle Exalytics as a com- applications, WinField was struggling with ning applications, JD Edwards EnterpriseOne, petitive advantage, because it’s completely its legacy web-based sales portal. “It was Oracle Endeca applications, Oracle integrated and optimized and built to out- Transportation Management, Oracle Enterprise one of our first custom-built applications, perform other industry solutions.” Manager (10g, 11g, and 12c), Oracle Universal and it was a customer-facing application for Records Management, Oracle WebCenter Macrie feels strongly that Oracle Exalytics WinField,” says Taylor. “It didn’t have a lot of Imaging, Oracle WebCenter Capture, Oracle also has the potential to outperform the the functionality we were looking for, so we SOA Suite, Oracle WebLogic Suite, Oracle improvements already gained with Oracle rebuilt it around the Oracle framework, which WebCenter Portal, Oracle Application Exalogic and Oracle Exadata. Moving to Integration Architecture Foundation Pack, includes Oracle Database 11g Release 11.2, Oracle Exalytics would also free the Oracle Oracle Data Integrator, Exadata Storage Oracle Exadata and Oracle Exalogic, and Server Software, Exalogic Elastic Cloud Exalogic environment for Land O’Lakes to Oracle Endeca applications, leveraging our Software, Oracle Application Management begin virtualizing with Oracle VM. “Our JD Edwards EnterpriseOne ERP back end for Pack for JD Edwards EnterpriseOne, Oracle strategy is to virtualize the Oracle Exalogic order processing.” WinField also built the Database Lifecycle Management Pack, Oracle box and use it as the ERP application plat- Diagnostics Pack, Oracle Tuning Pack, Oracle front-end order entry component through form going forward,” he says. SOA Management Pack Enterprise Edition, its Connect3 system, making it accessible Oracle Management Pack for WebCenter, Land O’Lakes and its subsidiaries also view through Oracle WebCenter. Oracle Secure Enterprise Search, Oracle the Oracle platform as a powerful consolida- According to Taylor, the expansion of the Identity and Access Management Suite, tion system. “We can essentially do more with Oracle footprint continued at both WinField Oracle Management Pack Plus for Identity less on these engineered systems than we can Management, Oracle Cloud Management Pack and Land O’Lakes as a byproduct of Oracle’s on traditional platforms,” Macrie says. “The for Oracle Fusion Middleware, Oracle Business own integration strategy. “The continued Process Management Suite same operations on this integrated platform integration strategy of Oracle is attractive to require less CPU, memory, and floor space us, because it not only addresses the appli- than if they ran on a nonintegrated platform.” cation tier but also goes down through the technology stack,” says Both Macrie and Taylor see a great future at WinField with Oracle Taylor. “It made a lot of sense for us to leverage the Oracle stack products. “I think there’s real value in what Oracle is doing in the through and through, and eventually that evolved all the way into end-to-end integration—from the hardware platform and engi- engineered systems.” neered systems through the middleware stack and up through the WinField considered all of its technology options—regardless of its applications,” says Taylor. “If you’re an Oracle customer today and existing Oracle investments—when it conducted a series of business you’re not using the combined strength of the total solution, I think intelligence technology evaluations, testing other solutions against you’re missing an opportunity.” Oracle Exadata. “When we started to deploy Oracle business intel- ligence, we had it sitting on our standard HP-UX back end, running our Marta Bright is a senior writer with Oracle Publishing. Oracle Database instance, and immediately we started to experience very slow performance in some of the analytics and queries,” notes Next Steps Taylor. “We had this really great tool, and we were giving our customers some really great insights, but because the performance wasn’t there, LEARN more about they were just ready to drop it and quit using it. Through all that Oracle Exadata testing, we couldn’t get the performance we desired with any solution bit.ly/15GAILn other than Oracle Exalogic and Oracle Exadata.” Oracle Exalogic When WinField went live with its Oracle business intelligence bit.ly/14STsU9 solution, it had its application tier on Oracle Exalogic and the data- Oracle Exalytics bit.ly/17VK8mu base tier on Oracle Exadata. “Since we went live, we’ve scaled that
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Oracle ADF Mobile The Next Big Wave Explore mobile frontiers with Oracle ADF Mobile.
n his article “The Latest Infographics: including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and Java— uses JavaServer Faces–like user interface I Mobile Business Statistics for 2012,” to deliver a hybrid solution for building, components that are bound to remote or Mark Fidelman, a contributing writer to the deploying, and running cross-platform on- local data through the Oracle ADF binding Forbes website, presents several interesting device native mobile applications on Apple layer and data controls. Files of this type facts and statistics about the current and iOS– and Google Android–powered devices. use the file extension amx. predicted future usage of mobile devices. A As shown in Figure 1, Oracle ADF Mobile • Remote URL content. This option enables clear trend in this article is that business is applications execute in a specific runtime developers to integrate remote web “going” mobile and that in only a few years, environment: the Device Native Container. content, such as mobile pages built the number of mobile devices will signifi- This container hosts the Oracle ADF Mobile with Apache Trinidad mobile browser cantly outnumber that of wired devices and application, is written in the native language components, with Oracle ADF Mobile PCs used at work and at home. One message for the target device, and enables applica- applications. to extrapolate from this is that mobile appli- tions to access mobile device services such All user interfaces are displayed in a web cation development is the next big wave in as the address book and the camera. Oracle engine context, the web view, which means enterprise application development. ADF Mobile enables you to integrate and that views in Oracle ADF Mobile are not However, enterprise developers adding choose between three user interface tech- compiled to native code but are executed as mobile as an access channel to enterprise nologies according to your requirements and HTML, JavaScript, and CSS. Developers use business systems need to maintain the same your team’s skill sets: the aforementioned user interface technolo- data validation, business logic, and security • Local HTML. HTML5 pages execute on the gies in Oracle ADF Mobile features—a feature levels as for traditional applications. And the mobile device in the context of Oracle ADF is a reusable module, made up of one or more mobile world is a diverse set of platforms Mobile. Data and device interaction is pro- screens, that executes in its own web view. At and operating systems—a far more complex grammed with provided Oracle ADF Mobile runtime, applications can dynamically switch landscape than the four or five browsers that JavaScript and Java APIs as well as Apache between features, and mobile application developers have had to support in enterprise Cordova APIs. users will not be able to tell if they are working web-enabled solutions of the past. • Oracle ADF XML. The declarative option for with a local HTML page, remote web content, For enterprise application developers, building applications in Oracle ADF Mobile or Oracle ADF Mobile XML (AMX) pages. a promising strategy for conquering these “go mobile” challenges is to embark on a Mobile Device (iOS, Android) hybrid mobile development approach that replaces the burden of device-specific native Device Native Container programming with a consistent development HTML5 and JavaScript Web View model that uses standard technologies such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and Java and can be Oracle ADF Local HTML Remote run across multiple platforms. One develop- XML and URL Task Flow ment tool suited for such a hybrid mobile application strategy is the Oracle ADF Mobile feature of Oracle Application Development Framework (Oracle ADF). Device SOAP WS This article introduces Oracle ADF Mobile Services Java Virtual Cordova Machine and presents a hands-on mobile develop- Camera ment and deployment exercise. Calendar REST WS • Address • Book • Encrypted ORACLE ADF Mobile Overview GPS SQLite DB Oracle ADF Mobile is a declarative develop- • oe nin g ment and application runtime environment y Gr
that uses standards-based technologies— Figure 1: Simplified Oracle ADF Mobile block diagram L in d
“The Latest Infographics: Mobile Business Statistics for 2012,” onforb.es/13xwpmE
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Using the open source Apache Cordova you build by following the hands-on instruc- Next in the Check for Update dialog box. libraries, Oracle ADF AMX and local HTML tions in this article. The list of employees Ensure that Search Update Centers is pages can access mobile device services, such is categorized by the initial letter of the selected and the Official Oracle Extensions as the camera, phone, or address book, and employee’s last name. Selecting (by tapping) and Updates option is checked, and click invoke Java executed in the Oracle ADF Mobile the employee with the last name Baer in Next. Select the ADF Mobile extension, and Java Virtual Machine (JVM). An encrypted the image to the left navigates to the detail click Next. instance of the SQLite database is provided screen for that employee. Accept the license agreement, by clicking I for each application for storing data locally for Note that an earlier Oracle Magazine Agree, and click Next to download and install offline use, which is particularly useful if con- article, “Consume Early, Consume Often” (in the mobile extension. Click Finish after the nectivity cannot be guaranteed. The SQLite the September/October 2012 issue, bit.ly/ extension files have been downloaded, and database is accessed through Java. 11DkUTV), explains best practices and recom- click Yes to restart Oracle JDeveloper. To query and update remote data in mendations for exposing Oracle ADF Business Note: If you are accessing the internet mobile application models, Oracle ADF Components to the service interface. through a proxy server, you must provide the Mobile uses standard SOAP and REST proxy settings before opening the Check for services for create, read, update, and Getting Ready Updates center. Select Tools -> Preferences -> delete (CRUD) operations. Before following the steps in this article, Web Browser and Proxy to do this. download and install the Studio edition of Sample Application Overview Oracle JDeveloper 11g Release 2 (11.1.2.4). Preparing Oracle ADF Business The hands-on instructions in this article use It is available as a free download on Oracle Components for Deployment the declarative Oracle ADF development Technology Network at bit.ly/KDqHjA. You also Download the o53adf-1958733.zip sample approach in Oracle ADF Mobile and step you need access to an Oracle Database instance application at bit.ly/1abVfsj, and unzip the through building a two-page application with an unlocked sample HR schema. file into a directory that does not contain that queries employee data from a provided blank spaces in the name. Oracle ADF Business Components Java API Installing the Mobile Extension Note: The o53adf-1958733.zip file also for XML Web Services service. Oracle ADF Oracle ADF Mobile is not provided with contains the completed sample application. Business Components is a feature of Oracle Oracle JDeveloper 11g Release 2 (11.1.2.4). Refer to the readme.txt file contained in the ADF that is not an integral part of the Oracle Oracle ADF Mobile must be downloaded download for the configurations required to ADF Mobile solution but, rather, provides a and installed separately as an extension. run the completed mobile application. Also convenient set of web services for the mobile To download and install Oracle ADF Mobile, note that the completed application contains application to utilize. launch Oracle JDeveloper 11g Release 2, an additional chart component for displaying Figure 2 shows the two mobile screens select Help -> Check for Updates, and click the employee salary. (The instructions for building the chart are not part of this article.) The sample application is an Oracle ADF Business Components model configured for deployment as a JAX-WS SOAP-based web service that the Oracle ADF Mobile applica- tion can connect to and consume. The only change needed in the sample application is to the database connection used by the Oracle ADF Business Components Model project to point to your HR database schema. To make the change, follow these instructions: 1. In Oracle JDeveloper, select File -> Open and navigate to the directory containing the unpacked sample application. 2. Open the Oramag091013/adfBcHrSer- vice folder, and select the adfBcHrService .jws file. Click Open to load the workspace. 3. Select View -> Database -> Database Navigator, and expand the adfBcHrService node to display hrconn in the Database Navigator node. Figure 2: The Browse Employees and Show Detail screens 4. Right-click hrconn, and select Properties
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from the menu. Edit the database con- window. After successful deployment, settings, and click OK. nection information to work with your open a browser window and type the fol- 20. Still in the adfmf-features.xml editor, setup. Test the changes, and click OK. lowing URL into the URL address field: select the Content tab and click the green Next, start the Oracle WebLogic Server http://
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a bounded task flow in which you designed Mobile. “NEXT STEPS” includes a link findAllEmployees result node, you started the navigation flow between the two screens that points to a follow-up tutorial. creating a list view that shows employees used in the sample mobile application. 38. Save your work. by their last name with the first letter of the Next you will create a web service data What you did: In this section, you last name as a group-by condition. Next, control connection to the Oracle ADF created a data control connection to the you will implement row selection support Business Components service for querying remote web service for later declarative for the list view. data from the Oracle HR schema. UI-to-data binding. Next you create the 52. Click the Bindings tab at the bottom of BrowseEmployees view. the BrowseEmployees.amx editor. Creating the Data Control 53. To pass the selected employee ID to 30. In the Application Navigator, select the Creating the BrowseEmployees View the detail page, you need to extend the ViewController project node and choose 39. On the EmployeeBtf.xml tab, double- Oracle ADF binding used by the list view File -> New. click the BrowseEmployees activity in the to include the EmployeeId attribute. To 31. Under Categories, select the Business bounded task flow diagram. do this, first select the result entry in the Tier -> Web Services node and, under 40. In the Create ADF Mobile AMX Page Bindings section and click the pencil icon. Items, select Web Service Data Control dialog box, uncheck the Primary Action 54. In the Edit Tree Binding dialog box, in (SOAP / REST). and Secondary Action checkboxes and the Available Attributes list, with the ctrl 32. Click OK to start the Create Web Service keep the other default settings. Click OK. key pressed, select the DepartmentId Data Control wizard. 41. On the BrowseEmployees.amx tab, and EmployeeId attributes and click 33. Enter OraMagHrAdfBc in the Name field change the value property of the the button with the single right-arrow for the Web Service Data Control, and amx:outputText component from icon to shuttle the attributes to the ensure that SOAP is selected. Header to Browse Employees to change Display Attributes list. This makes the 34. Paste the WSDL URL from earlier into the display title of the mobile screen. DepartmentId and EmployeeId values the URL field, and ensure that the 42. Expand the Data Controls accordion available on the page where they can be Copy WSDL Locally option is selected. panel in the Application Navigator. referenced from expression language (EL). The deployed Oracle ADF Business 43. Expand the OraMagHrAdfBc -> 55. Click OK. Components web service is accessible findAllEmployees(Object, Object) -> 56. Switch back to the source code view, by from the following URL: Return node. clicking the Source tab at the bottom of http://
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63. Repeat Steps 61 and 62 for the following 71. Then, back in the Component Palette, Finally, select the getDepartmentBy values: expand the Layout category and drag and KeyIterator in the Executables section drop the Panel Form Layout component and use the Property Inspector to change From #{row.DepartmentId} onto the Panel Page node in the Structure the value of the Refresh property (under To #{pageFlowScope. window. Advanced) from
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Oracle Endeca Information Discovery Applications and Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition 11g Integrate and Analyze Combine structured and unstructured data for analysis and new insights.
racle Endeca Information Discovery • Oracle Endeca Information Discovery area’s tables as a datasource. Then, once the Oapplications enable organizations to Studio (3.0) data domain is loaded and ready for use, I create rich, interactive data discovery appli- The SampleApp for Oracle Business will use Oracle Endeca Information Discovery cations that consume data from all types of Intelligence Enterprise Edition 11.1.1.6.2 BP1 Studio 3.0 to create a web application for datasources, from the more traditional “struc- (V207), which I will use as the datasource, exploring the data set. tured” data sets found in Oracle Database and can be downloaded—preinstalled and pre- In addition to the SampleApp Oracle VM Oracle E-Business Suite to the unstructured configured—as an Oracle VM VirtualBox VirtualBox image, you will need a Microsoft data of documents and social media feeds. image, from the Oracle Technology Network Windows–based environment in order to Oracle Endeca Information Discovery website at bit.ly/A9FnZd. use the administration tool (which can also Release 3.0 extends this capability by inte- This SampleApp (V207) Oracle VM be the environment you use to run Oracle grating with Oracle Business Intelligence VirtualBox image comes with several Endeca Information Discovery 3.0). For Enterprise Edition 11g, providing the ability to demonstration subject areas, including details on how to download and configure build data discovery applications around the “X – Airline Delay,” which I will use for this the administration tool to work in a separate facts, dimensions, hierarchies, and integrated example. Using Oracle Endeca Information Linux-based business intelligence server data sets of the enterprise semantic model. Discovery Integrator 3.0, I will connect to environment, see “4.5 Admintool access to In this article, I take a look at this new the business intelligence server component SampleApp RPD” in the “SampleApp V207 - integration by creating an Oracle Endeca and then create an Oracle Endeca Server Virtual Machine Image Deployment Guide” Information Discovery Studio application that data domain, using a selection of the subject document (accessible at bit.ly/11K1tYA). uses the sample application (SampleApp) for Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition as its datasource; uses Oracle Endeca Information Discovery Integrator to load data from the Flight Delays subject area provided by the SampleApp; and uses the SampleApp subject area table metadata to create an Oracle Endeca Server data domain. I then use Oracle Endeca Information Discovery Studio to create an initial data discovery web appli- cation, which you can then extend later with additional, unstructured datasources and data visualization components.
Prerequisites for the SAMPLE If you want to create this article’s sample application yourself, you will need to down- load the following products from the Oracle Software Delivery Cloud website (edelivery .oracle.com), using either your full license or a trial license. Product versions are available for Microsoft Windows x64 and Linux x86-64. • Oracle Endeca Server (7.5.1.1), with Oracle WebLogic Server 10.3.6, a separate download • Oracle Endeca Information Discovery Integrator (3.0) Figure 1: Renaming the duplicate business model’s tables to remove numeric table name prefixes
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Required Amendments To create an Oracle Endeca Server data domain that gets its data from an Oracle Business Intelligence repository, a wizard within Oracle Endeca Information Discovery Integrator connects to the repository to enable you to select a particular subject area and set of tables to use as the data domain datasource, and then the wizard automati- cally creates data domain attributes based on the names of the selected tables and columns. However, business model table and column names within the SampleApp repository are prefixed with numbers to aid in referencing them within sample dashboards, so you will need to create a version of these tables without the number prefixes—the Oracle Endeca Server data domain attribute names cannot start with a number. Figure 2: Selecting subject area tables for import into the Oracle Endeca Server data domain To create a version of the “X – Airline Delay” subject area and underlying busi- ness model that complies with this naming X0 – Airlines / X – Airlines Delay to select and for the Do you wish to check global restriction but does not affect any other it, and then type in the following values to consistency? question, choose No to avoid SampleApp reports that use the original provide names for the duplicate subject checking in all the other objects in the object names, follow these steps: area and the underlying business model: SampleApp repository that are not relevant 1. In the Microsoft Windows–based envi- to this example. Finally, select File -> Save New business OEID Source BM – Airline ronment into which you have previ- model name: Delay and then File -> Close to save the updated ously downloaded and installed Oracle New subject OEID Source – Airline Delay repository back to the server and close the Business Intelligence’s administration area name: administration tool’s connection to it. tool, select Start -> Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition Client -> After you’ve entered the new name, Creating the Data Domain Administration. When the administration click OK to duplicate the repository meta- Now that you have prepared the Oracle tool opens, select File -> Open Online, data and close the dialog box. Business Intelligence repository for use select the connection to SampleApp, and 3. Now, still using the administration with Oracle Endeca Information Discovery enter the login credentials for the reposi- tool, but this time working within the Integrator, you can connect to the Oracle tory. For example: Business Model and Mapping metadata Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition layer window, locate the OEID Source repository and create the first cut of your Repository Admin123 Password : BM business model you created in the Oracle Endeca Server data domain. To do User: weblogic previous step and rename all the objects this, follow these steps, again based on a Password: Admin123 to remove the numbers at the start of Microsoft Windows x86-64 development ODBC DSN: <
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3. The Load Data from OBI Server wizard OBI Server obieesampleapp.mycompany.com Once you’ve selected these tables, appears. On the first page of the wizard, host: <
Figure 3: The initial Oracle Endeca Information Discovery Studio application
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After entering the key values, click created with Oracle Endeca Information Application Flight Delays Explorer Name : (Oracle Magazine) Edit Finished and then Finish to close the Discovery Integrator, you can quickly create Data Source: Flight_Delays wizard and return to the Oracle Endeca an Oracle Endeca Information Discovery Information Discovery Integrator main Studio application that enables you to window. If you look in the Navigator explore the data set and that you can extend Now click Create Application and then Go panel now and locate the project you afterward to try out more of Oracle Endeca to Application to view the application in your created, you will see that Oracle Endeca Information Discovery Studio’s features. web browser, as shown in Figure 3. Information Discovery Integrator has To create this “first cut” Oracle Endeca You can use this data discovery applica- created a complete project that reads Information Discovery Studio application, tion example to navigate and search through data in from Oracle Business Intelligence follow this final set of steps: the attributes loaded from Oracle Business Enterprise Edition and uses it to create an 1. In your web browser, navigate to your Intelligence Enterprise Edition into Oracle Oracle Endeca Server data domain. Oracle Endeca Information Discovery Endeca Server and see how Oracle Endeca 8. The flight delays data set in SampleApp Studio website—http://localhost:7002, Server’s “faceted search” facility enables you contains details of more than 6 million for example—and enter the login creden- to search and refine your target data set. flights, so to keep the resultant data tials—[email protected]/welcome1, domain manageably small—at least for for example—for an Oracle Endeca Conclusion this initial load—you can add a filter to Information Discovery Studio adminis- Oracle Endeca Information Discovery appli- the extraction SQL query generated by trative user. cations extend the capabilities of Oracle’s Oracle Endeca Information Discovery 2. When the Discovery Applications web business intelligence platform to encompass Integrator so that only flights from Q1 page appears, navigate to the menu at unstructured and semistructured data- 2010 are extracted and loaded. To add the top right of the page, click the down sources, enabling you to use the unique this filter, locate the data-in folder within arrow, and select Control Panel. Then, capabilities of Oracle Endeca Server to search, the Navigator view, open it, right-click when the Control Panel page appears, analyze, and aggregate data from any source. the QueryStatement.sql object within it, click Information Discovery -> Data With the ability to now use data from and then select Open With -> Text Editor. Source to define a datasource connection the Oracle Business Intelligence repository Add the following WHERE clause to the Oracle Endeca Information Discovery alongside database, file, and other data- automatically generated SQL statement to Studio will use to connect to the data sources, you can quickly create web-based restrict the extraction to flights in Q1 2010: domain you created in the previous steps. data discovery applications that build on the 3. On the Data Source page that appears, work you’ve already done to model the busi- where "OEID Source BM - Airline click New Data Source, and for Data ness data within your organization, ensuring Delay"."Time"."Dep Qtr" = '2010 Q1' Source Definition, enter Flight_Delays a “single version of the truth” while dramati- for Data Source ID and enter the fol- cally reducing the time it takes to bring the Then use File -> Save from the Oracle lowing datasource JSON file definition, core structured data together. Endeca Information Discovery Integrator replacing the server parameter value with menu to save the changes you’ve made the name of the server that hosts your Mark Rittman is an to this file. Oracle Endeca Server instance: Oracle ACE Director, 9. Finally, load the SampleApp data into cofounder of Rittman Oracle Endeca Server. Within the Navigator { Mead, and author of the panel, locate and open the graph folder, "dataDomainName": "flight_delays", Oracle Press book Oracle and then double-click the Baseline.grf "name": "Flight_Delays", Business Intelligence 11g graph within the set of graphs to open it in "port": "7001", Developers Guide and writes for the Rittman the Oracle Endeca Information Discovery "server": " oeid30.mycompany.com " Mead blog at rittmanmead.com/blog. Integrator main window. Click anywhere } within the large gray box in the graph to Next Steps select it, and then select Run -> Run from Click Validate to test the connection the Integrator menu to start the graph exe- and then Save when you are done. READ more about Oracle Endeca Information cution and load data from Oracle Business When you return to the main applica- Discovery applications bit.ly/1fX6swU Intelligence Enterprise Edition into your tion, click Back to Home in the top DOWNLOAD data domain. right corner to return to the Discovery Oracle Endeca Information Discovery Applications page. applications Viewing Flight Delay Data 4. Staying on this page, click New Application edelivery.oracle.com To take an initial look at what’s in the Oracle to create your application, and enter the SampleApp Oracle VM VirtualBox image bit.ly/11K1tYA Endeca Server data domain you’ve just following details when prompted:
NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2013 Oracle.com/oraclemagazine
ND13_BA.indd 46 9/27/13 4:43 PM DBA DATABASE STORAGE MANAGeMENT BY ARUP NANDA 47
Oracle Database 12c Automatic Data Optimization Learn how to enable information lifecycle management to automatically move data to lower-cost storage tiers and compress it.
ohn, the principal database architect at Code Listing 1: Checking for free space JAcme Bank, sips his coffee while listening to his visitors’ woes. The storage demand for select t.tablespace_name, 100*sum(f.bytes)/sum(t.bytes) free_pct databases at Acme is rising rapidly, due to from (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytes from dba_data_files group by tablespace_name) t, the seemingly endless stream of data points. (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytes Because data—however old—can be good from dba_free_Space group by tablespace_name) f for marketing analytics, no one wants to where f.tablespace_name = t.tablespace_name group by t.tablespace_name; purge old data, though. Although Acme does
have an information lifecycle management TABLESPACE FREE_PCT (ILM) policy to put older and infrequently ——————————————— ——————————— LATEST_TS 30.00 accessed data on lower-cost storage, the MIDTERM_TS 99.33 implementation has not been very effective, and unclear identification of “infrequently accessed” data is the primary reason. EXCHANGE_RATE table looks like: MIDTERM_TS—built on lower-cost storage. Everyone agrees on the time period during Jill, the lead developer, has two objectives: which the lack of access defines infrequently SQL> desc exchange_rate 1. When the free space in the LATEST_TS accessed data but not the exact mechanics tablespace drops to a certain threshold, of identifying it. The standard approach for NAME TYPE 15 percent of the total space allo- identifying the data is to put a trigger on ————————————————— ————————————————— cated, the less-used partitions of the the tables to flag data that hasn’t changed, FROM_CURR VARCHAR2(3) EXCHANGE_RATE table should be re- but Acme’s DBAs eschew such an approach, TO_CURR VARCHAR2(3) located to the MIDTERM_TS tablespace. because it negatively affects performance. START_DATE DATE It’s important, Jill cautions, that this re- Additionally, everyone agrees that an auto- END_DATE DATE location of partitions should be based on mated system to move old, unchanged data RATE NUMBER access, not on time. If an older partition is to lower-cost storage would be ideal. Is being accessed quite frequently, it should there, all want to know, a better approach to The FROM_CURR and TO_CURR columns be left in LATEST_TS. Similarly, if a newer achieving Acme’s ILM objectives? show the codes of the source and target partition is accessed less frequently, it There is, responds John: using the currencies, with the RATE column showing should be moved to MIDTERM_TS. Automatic Data Optimization feature of the exchange rate. Because the rate changes, 2. The partitions that do not see their data Oracle Database 12c. the START_DATE and END_DATE columns modified should be compressed to save show the dates during which that rate is space. The choice of segments for com- Setup effective. The table is partitioned by range on pression, Jill further cautions, should be Acme deals with several currencies, END_DATE, with one partition per month. independent of the relocation to a dif- including the British pound, the euro, The partitions are named in the format ferent storage tier. For example, a parti- and the Canadian dollar, in addition to its YyyMmm, where yy is the two-digit year and tion can exist in the LATEST_TS tablespace primary currency, the US dollar. It’s vital to mm is the two-digit month. For example, but be compressed because the data there record the exact exchange rate of the cur- the partition y13m12 holds all data for doesn’t get modified. Similarly, a partition rencies. The rate can change every day, so December 2013. The table and its data can may be moved to MIDTERM_TS because the bank stores the rates along with specific be created by the SQL script in the Online it is accessed less frequently, but because dates. Because financial transactions can be Setup Listing (available in the Oracle-hosted the access is mostly write activity, it may made effective as of a different date, past online version of this article). All the parti- not be compressed. records of exchange rates must be stored tions of the table exist in the LATEST_TS Acme can satisfy both requirements by and available. The following is what the tablespace. There is another tablespace— using Automatic Data Optimization, assures
oracle magazine November/december 2013
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John. This feature, he cautions, is not avail- the segment is accessed frequently, it’s con- To check the heat map of a specific able in a pluggable database in a multitenant sidered hot and therefore may not be a can- segment, he looks into the DBA_HEAT_MAP_ environment, however, and it’s also not didate for some actions, such as relocation to SEGMENT view. The time stamps of the last available in materialized views and tables lower-cost and less-efficient storage. activity on the table—UPDATE, SELECT, full with object types. John enables the Heat Map feature by table scan, and reference constraint lookup— executing the following command as a are recorded in this view. He describes the Heat Map DBA user: columns of the view for his listeners: The first step in using Automatic Data OWNER The owner of the segment Optimization, John explains, is to enable a alter system set heat_map = on OBJECT_NAME The name of the segment new feature in Oracle Database 12c called scope=both; SUBOBJECT_NAME The partition name, if Heat Map. Simply speaking, it shows the applicable popularity or “hotness” of a segment such It is a one-time activity. Using scope=both, SEGMENT_WRITE_TIME The time stamp when the as a table or a partition, and it is used by John ensures that the parameter is set in segment was last updated Automatic Data Optimization to decide SPFILE and therefore will be in effect when SEGMENT_READ_TIME The time stamp when the segment was last selected which segments are candidates for action. If the database is restarted. FULL_SCAN The time stamp when the segment was subjected to a full Code Listing 2: Adding new partitions table scan LOOKUP_SCAN The time stamp when the segment was last used for a alter table exchange_rate add partition y13m10 values less than (to_ reference constraint lookup date('11/01/2013','mm/dd/yyyy')) tablespace latest_ts; alter table exchange_rate add partition y13m11 values less than (to_ Enabling Automatic Data date('12/01/2013','mm/dd/yyyy')) tablespace latest_ts; alter table exchange_rate add partition y13m12 values less than (to_ Optimization date('01/01/2014','mm/dd/yyyy')) tablespace latest_ts; Before starting the Automatic Data insert into exchange_rate values ('USD', 'GBP', add_months(sysdate,2), add_months(sysdate,2),1); Optimization demonstration, John checks insert into exchange_rate values ('USD', 'GBP', add_months(sysdate,3), a few things, including the presence of add_months(sysdate,3),1); segments in the tablespaces, using the fol- insert into exchange_rate values ('USD', 'GBP', add_months(sysdate,4), add_months(sysdate,4),1); lowing SQL statement: commit; select partition_name, Code Listing 3: Checking the last access time for a table tablespace_name from user_segments where segment_name = select subobject_name “Part Name”, 'EXCHANGE_RATE'; to_char(segment_write_time,'mm/dd/yy hh24:mi:ss') write_time, to_char(segment_read_time,'mm/dd/yy hh24:mi:ss') read_time, PARTITION TABLESPACE to_char(full_scan,'mm/dd/yy hh24:mi:ss') fts_time from dba_heat_map_segment ———————————————— —————————————— where owner = 'FOREX' Y13M07 LATEST_TS and object_name = 'EXCHANGE_RATE' … output truncated … order by full_scan desc; Y12M07 LATEST_TS Part Name WRITE_TIME READ_TIME FTS_TIME ——————————————— ————————————————————————— ————————————————————————— ————————————————————————— Y13M03 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 19:48:44 John directs everyone’s attention to the Y12M09 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 19:48:44 output to confirm that all the partitions are Y13M04 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 19:48:44 in the LATEST_TS tablespace as expected. Y12M11 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 19:48:44 Y13M10 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 19:48:44 Then he checks the allocated and free space Y12M08 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 19:48:44 in the tablespace by running the script Y13M09 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 19:48:44 shown in Listing 1. Y13M02 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 19:48:44 Y13M05 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 19:48:44 The output in Listing 1 shows that only Y13M01 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 19:48:44 30 percent of the LATEST_TS tablespace Y12M10 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 19:48:44 is free space, whereas the MIDTERM_TS Y13M11 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 19:48:44 Y13M07 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 00:57:12 tablespace—where no partitions are located— Y12M07 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 00:57:12 is mostly free, with 99.33 percent free space. Y12M12 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 00:57:12 Next, John enables Automatic Data Y13M06 07/14/13 12:23:01 07/14/13 12:24:34 07/15/13 00:57:12 Optimization for the EXCHANGE_RATE
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table, by executing the following SQL partitions to the table to hold new data, The free space in LATEST_TS has now command as the user FOREX (who owns and Listing 2 shows the SQL statements dropped to 8.67 percent—below the the table): they will use to add the partitions for threshold of 15 percent—so the ILM policy October, November, and December 2013, should trigger the relocation of some seg- alter table exchange_rate ilm add policy named Y13M10, Y13M11, and Y13M12, ments from this tablespace to free up space. tier to midterm_ts; respectively. To simulate the storage John waits for the result of the ILM policy and volume growth for that time, John inserts checks the location of the partitions. In this command, John creates an ILM some rows that will go into these partitions, policy on the EXCHANGE_RATE table that as shown in Listing 2. select partition_name, tells Automatic Data Optimization that With these additional partitions, John tablespace_name the second storage tier for the table is the points out, the LATEST_TS tablespace is now from user_segments MIDTERM_TS tablespace. Data should be more populated. He checks the free space where segment_name = relocated to this tablespace if the free space again by executing the SQL shown in Listing 1 'EXCHANGE_RATE'; in the original tablespace drops below the and reviewing the result: default threshold level of 15 percent. Because PARTITION TABLESPACE the current tablespace is 30 percent free TABLESPACE FREE_PCT ————————————— ——————————————— now, the ILM policy has no effect on the ———————————————— ——————————— Y13M11 LATEST_TS table—at least not yet—John explains. LATEST_TS 8.67 … output truncated … As time passes, Acme DBAs will add more MIDTERM_TS 99.33 Y12M08 LATEST_TS Y13M07 MIDTERM_TS Code Listing 4: Identifying ILM data movement policies Y13M06 MIDTERM_TS Y12M12 MIDTERM_TS select policy_name, action_type, scope, tier_tablespace, condition_days Y12M07 MIDTERM_TS from user_ILMDataMovementPolicies;
POLICY_NAME ACTION_TYPE SCOPE TIER_TABLESPACE John directs everyone’s attention to ————————————————— ———————————————— —————————— —————————————————————— the last four partitions—Y12M07, Y12M12, P21 STORAGE SEGMENT MIDTERM_TS Y13M06, and Y13M07. Earlier, these partitions select * from user_ILMObjects where object_name = 'EXCHANGE_RATE'; were located in the LATEST_TS tablespace,
POLICY_NAME SUBOBJECT_NAME OBJECT_TYPE INHERITED_FROM ENA but now they are in MIDTERM_TS. This ————————————————— ———————————————————— —————————————————————— —————————————————————————————— —————— activity resulted in the freeing up of space in P21 Y12M01 TABLE PARTITION TABLE YES the LATEST_TS tablespace. This relocation P21 Y12M02 TABLE PARTITION TABLE YES P21 Y12M03 TABLE PARTITION TABLE YES of the partitions was done automatically … output truncated … without the intervention of the DBAs and P21 TABLE POLICY NOT INHERITED YES only after the free space dropped below the threshold. Jill nods her approval. The DBAs Code Listing 5: Checking ILM tasks appreciate that the relocation required nothing more than defining the ILM policy on select task_id, task_owner, the table. All in all, everyone is happy. to_char(start_time, 'mm/dd/yy hh24:mi:ss') start_time, to_char(completion_time, 'mm/dd/yy hh24:mi:ss') completion_time Checking the Heat Map from dba_ilmtasks where task_owner != 'SYS' Jill observes that only a few partitions— not all—were relocated to the spillover TASK_ID TASK_OWNER START_TIME COMPLETION_TIME ———————————————— —————————————— ————————————————————————— ————————————————————————— tablespace. The segments for relocation, 3 FOREX 07/15/13 10:41:37 07/15/13 10:41:43 John explains, are based on the heat map
-- Find the task details of the segments, described earlier. The less recently the segment is accessed, the select job_name, job_state, greater the chance that it will be relocated. to_char(start_time, 'mm/dd/yy hh24:mi:ss') start_time, to_char(completion_time, 'mm/dd/yy hh24:mi:ss') completion_time John shows everyone the heat map of the from dba_ilmresults EXCHANGE_RATE table, by using the SQL where task_id = 3; statement shown in Listing 3. JOB_NAME JOB_STATE START_TIME COMPLETION_TIME Jill examines the output carefully and ———————————————— ———————————————————————————————— ————————————————————————— ————————————————————————— observes that for the partitions Y13M07, ILMJOB18 COMPLETED SUCCESSFULLY 07/13/13 10:41:41 07/13/13 10:41:43 Y12M07, Y12M12, and Y13M06, the full table
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scan occurred at 07/15/13 00:57:12, com- “Suppose I want to change the 85 percent the exchange rates set in the table are pared to 07/15/13 19:48:44 for the rest of used to consider the tablespace full,” Jill usually immutable, they may occasionally the partitions. These are exactly the same muses. “Can I change it to, say, 90 percent?” be changed due to a mistake in data entry partitions relocated to the MIDTERM_TS Of course, John answers, and executes the or a miscommunication. However, changes tablespace by Automatic Data Optimization. following SQL to change the parameter to to data more than seven days old are rare. “Was that why these partitions were candi- 90 percent: Therefore, Jill wants to automatically com- dates for relocation?” she asks. press rows in the EXCHANGE_RATE table that Exactly, John confirms. When Automatic begin have not changed for the last seven days. Data Optimization had to choose the least dbms_ilm_admin.customize_ilm ( The Oracle-hosted online version of this recently accessed segment in the LATEST_TS dbms_ilm_admin.tbs_percent_used, article at bit.ly/18ZCi8l demonstrates how to tablespace, it looked at the heat map of 90); set and monitor compression in an ILM policy. the objects in that tablespace and selected end; these partitions, because they were the least / Conclusion recently accessed. Revisiting the original requirements, John Likewise, John explains, all the properties shows how they have been addressed by the Administration listed in the DBA_ILMPARAMETERS view can new Advanced Data Optimization feature, The group—now suitably impressed—wants be changed with the CUSTOMIZE_ILM pro- introduced in Oracle Database 12c. Under to know more about managing the ILM cedure in the DBMS_ILM_ADMIN package. the storage-tier-based ILM policy, a segment policies. “How can I check the threshold Someone else has another question: is moved to a different tablespace (on at which Automatic Data Optimization “After a period of time, we would like to know lower-cost storage) when the free space in kicks in?” asks Jill. To see that and other what tables are under ILM policies and how the original tablespace falls below a defined parameters ILM uses, John looks at the the second tier of storage has been defined. threshold. Under the compression-based DBA_ILMPARAMETERS view: Is there a way to get that information?” “Yes, ILM policy, segments are compressed there is,” John assures. He executes the SQL when the data has not been modified for a select * from dba_ilmparameters; statements shown in Listing 4 to get that specified number of days. And all this is done information. From the output, he demon- automatically without DBA intervention. NAME VALUE strates that the policy named P21 is defined Agreeing on the high value of this feature, — — — — — — — — — — — — ————— ————— ————— ———————— ————————— ———————— on the table EXCHANGE_RATE, with the the DBAs as well as the developers thank ENABLED 1 spillover tablespace being MIDTERM_TS. All John and leave happy. JOB LIMIT 10 the partitions of the table inherit the policy EXECUTION MODE 3 from the table (as shown in the INHERITED_ EXECUTION INTERVAL 15 FROM column). The last row in the result Arup Nanda (arup@ TBS PERCENT USED 85 shows that the table itself is under the policy proligence.com) has been TBS PERCENT FREE 25 but is not inherited. an Oracle DBA since 1993, “What actually moves the segments handling all aspects of The TBS PERCENT USED parameter speci- to a different tablespace?” Jill wants to database administration, fies the percentage at which the tablespace know. Fair question, John concedes and from performance tuning is considered to be full. The value in this explains that there is a job that moves the to security and disaster example is 85 percent, so the LATEST_TS segments when the time comes. The job recovery. He was Oracle Magazine’s DBA of the tablespace was considered full when the kicks in during the maintenance window in Year in 2003 and received an Oracle Excellence free space earlier fell to 8.67 percent, John the database and calls the EXECUTE_ILM Award for Technologist of the Year in 2012. explains. This triggered Automatic Data procedure in the DBMS_ILM package. To Optimization’s relocation of segments to the see details of this job, John queries DBA_ Next Steps next tier of storage. “When does it stop relo- ILMTASKS, as shown in Listing 5. It shows cating?” asks Jill. This is where, John responds, him the start and end time of the task. To READ Oracle-hosted online article content another parameter—TBS PERCENT FREE— get more details on the task, he executes bit.ly/18ZCi8l comes into play. The relocation of segments the second query in Listing 5. READ more about Automatic Data out of the tablespace continues until the free Optimization Oracle Database VLDB and Partitioning Guide space percentage reaches this parameter Compression 12c Release 1 (12.1) value, 25 percent in this case. However, John Jill is happy to see her first requirement— bit.ly/15MYnfe cautions, this is just an estimate; Automatic partition relocation—successfully met. LEARN more about Automatic Data Data Optimization does not guarantee that She asks about her second request—to Optimization bit.ly/17Mnn4d there will be that much free space. compress unused rows in tables. Although
November/december 2013 Oracle.com/oraclemagazine
ND13_ado.indd 50 9/27/13 10:25 AM Database Application Developer PL/SQL BY STEVEN FEUERSTEIN 51
ORACLE DATABASE 12c SQL in PL/SQL Enhancements Oracle Database 12c enhances writing and executing SQL in PL/SQL.
ith the release of Oracle Database 12c, With Oracle Database 12c, the maximum advantage of these extended lengths; the W PL/SQL offers several enhancements length for VARCHAR2 and NVARCHAR2 is default value is STANDARD. for writing and executing SQL statements now 32,767 bytes. For more information on SQL datatypes, from within PL/SQL. This article covers new Note: the MAX_STRING_SIZE database see Oracle Database SQL Language Reference Oracle Database 12c features that enable parameter must be set to EXTENDED to take 12c Release 1 (12.1), at bit.ly/16YBTWb. you to • Bind values from P L/SQL-only datatypes to Code Listing 1: Binding a Boolean value and using EXECUTE IMMEDIATE SQL statements
• Return result sets from SQL queries CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE restaurant_pkg implicitly, easing the migration path from AS languages such as Transact-SQL to Oracle TYPE item_list_t IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2 (30); PL/SQL • Define views that behave more or less like PROCEDURE eat_that ( items_in IN item_list_t, an invoker’s rights program unit make_it_spicy_in_in IN BOOLEAN); END; PL/SQL DATATYPE SUPPORT IN / SQL BINDING CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY restaurant_pkg Prior to Oracle Database 12c, whenever you AS PROCEDURE eat_that ( needed to bind a PL/SQL expression by items_in IN item_list_t, using EXECUTE IMMEDIATE or DBMS_SQL, make_it_spicy_in_in IN BOOLEAN) the datatype of that expression had to be IS BEGIN a known SQL datatype. Specifically, you FOR indx IN 1 .. items_in.COUNT could not bind Booleans and user-defined LOOP types declared in a package specification, DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line ( CASE including records and collections. WHEN make_it_spicy_in_in Oracle Database 12c removes almost all of THEN these restrictions. 'Spicy ' END You can now, for example, bind a Boolean || items_in (indx)); value if you use EXECUTE IMMEDIATE to END LOOP; execute a dynamic PL/SQL block. Listing 1 END; END; demonstrates the block execution. / You can also bind associative arrays and DECLARE use them inside a call to the TABLE operator, things restaurant_pkg.item_list_t both impossible before Oracle Database 12c. := restaurant_pkg.item_list_t ( The code in Listing 2 demonstrates binding 'steak', 'quiche', and the use of a SELECT statement to 'eggplant'); retrieve data from an associative array. BEGIN And there’s more for SQL datatypes. /* Requires Oracle Database 12c or later */ EXECUTE IMMEDIATE Prior to Oracle Database 12c, the maximum 'BEGIN restaurant_pkg.eat_that(:l, :s); END;' length of a VARCHAR2 datatype in SQL was USING things, TRUE; just 4,000 bytes, whereas the maximum END; /
I-HUA CHEN I-HUA length in PL/SQL was (and is) 32,767 bytes.
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Implicit Statement Results applications migrating from Transact-SQL CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE show_emps ( Before Oracle Database 12c, PL/SQL did not to PL/SQL (Welcome, new PL/SQL devel- department_id_in IN support the ability to create a procedure that opers!) and also as a testing aid (because employees.department_id%TYPE) simply returns the contents of a result set to it’s now easier to write a quick procedure IS the screen. To do this in PL/SQL, developers to verify the contents of a table). Oracle l_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR; had to write a query, iterate through the Database 12c implements this capability BEGIN result set, and call DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_ by adding new functionality to the DBMS_ OPEN l_cursor FOR LINE to display the results. SQL package. SELECT last_name In Oracle Database 12c, developers can Suppose I want to display the last names FROM employees now create a procedure that returns results of all employees in a given department. I can WHERE department_id = directly to the screen in PL/SQL, which will now write the following, which uses the new department_id_in be of benefit primarily to developers and DBMS_SQL.RETURN_RESULT procedure: ORDER BY last_name;
Code Listing 2: Binding and using associative arrays DBMS_SQL.return_result (l_cursor); END; CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE names_pkg / AUTHID CURRENT_USER AS TYPE names_t And when I execute the procedure in IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2 (100) SQL*Plus for department ID 20, I see the INDEX BY PLS_INTEGER; following: PROCEDURE display_names ( names_in IN names_t); BEGIN END names_pkg; / show_emps (20); END; SHO ERR / CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY names_pkg PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. AS PROCEDURE display_names ( names_in IN names_t) ResultSet #1 IS BEGIN FOR indx IN 1 .. names_in.COUNT LAST_NAME LOOP ——————————————————————————————————— DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line ( Fay names_in (indx)); END LOOP; Hartstein END; END names_pkg; You can also return more than one / result from a single procedure. If you want SHO ERR to retrieve rows from a result from within a DECLARE PL/SQL program, you can call the DBMS_ l_names names_pkg.names_t; SQL.GET_NEXT_RESULT procedure to get BEGIN l_names (1) := 'Loey'; the next cursor and then use other DBMS_ l_names (2) := 'Dylan'; SQL subprograms to fetch rows of data. For l_names (3) := 'Indigo'; more information on DBMS_SQL.RETURN_ l_names (4) := 'Saul'; l_names (5) := 'Sally'; RESULT and DBMS_SQL.GET_NEXT_RESULT, see Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'BEGIN names_pkg.display_names (:names); END;' Types Reference 12c Release 1 (12.1), at USING l_names; bit.ly/16A6Amb.
FOR rec IN (SELECT * FROM TABLE (l_names)) Invoker’s Rights for Views—Sort of LOOP Prior to Oracle Database 12c, if your view DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line ( rec.COLUMN_VALUE); executed a function, it was always run under END LOOP; the privileges of the view’s owner, not the END; privileges of the function’s owner. So if the / function was defined as invoker’s rights, the
November/december 2013 Oracle.com/oraclemagazine
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behavior could be quite different from what New PL/SQL Features CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW emp_counts_v you would have expected. BEQUEATH CURRENT_USER Oracle Database 12c adds the BEQUEATH For Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1), AS clause for views, so you can define a view Oracle Database PL/SQL Language Reference SELECT department_id, (bit.ly/15HZFlU) documents new features, that will accommodate invoker’s rights func- including emps_count (department_id) tions referenced in a view. To help you utilize • Invoker’s Rights Functions Can Be Result- emps_in_dept this feature, Oracle Database 12c offers Cached FROM emps_12cemps • More PL/SQL-Only Data Types Can Cross two new functions that tell you about the PL/SQL-to-SQL Interface / invoking user, based on whether invoker’s • ACCESSIBLE BY Clause rights or definer’s rights are used: • FETCH FIRST Clause GRANT SELECT ON emp_counts_v TO scott • Can Grant Roles to PL/SQL Packages and • ORA_INVOKING_USER: Returns the name Standalone Subprograms / of the user who is invoking the current • More Data Types Have Same Maximum statement or view. If the invoking user is Size in SQL and PL/SQL In the SCOTT schema, I create another • DATABASE Triggers on PDBs defined by the Real Application Security • LIBRARY Can Be Defined as DIRECTORY emps_12cemps table but populate it with feature of Oracle Database, this function Object and with CREDENTIAL different data: will return XS$NULL. • Implicit Statement Results • BEQUEATH CURRENT_USER Views • ORA_INVOKING_USERID: Returns • INHERIT PRIVILEGES and INHERIT ANY CREATE TABLE emps_12cemps the identifier (ID) of the user who is PRIVILEGES Privileges ( invoking the current statement or view. • Invisible Columns employee_id INTEGER, If the invoking user is a Real Application department_id INTEGER, Security–defined user, this function will In the HR schema, I create a table, last_name VARCHAR2 (100) return an ID that is common to all Real emps_12cemps, and a function, emps_ ) Application Security sessions but is dif- count, that calls the ORA_INVOKING* / ferent from the ID of any database user. functions, as shown in Listing 3. Note that these functions can be called Then I create a view, emp_counts_v, BEGIN only from within a SQL statement; they are specifying invoker’s rights (CURRENT_USER) INSERT INTO emps_12cemps not available natively in PL/SQL. in the BEQUEATH clause, and I make sure VALUES (1, 200, 'SCOTT.ABC'); Let’s take a look at how this feature works. that SCOTT can query that view: INSERT INTO emps_12cemps
Take the Challenge
Each Oracle Magazine PL/SQL article by Steven END; b. Feuerstein offers a quiz to test your knowledge of / CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE the information provided in it. The quiz appears plch_show_autos ( below and also at the PL/SQL Challenge (plsql- Which of the choices will display “Carrera” auto_type_in IN plch_autos.auto_ challenge.com), a website that offers online followed by “Corvette” after execution? type%TYPE) quizzes on the PL/SQL language as well as SQL, IS Oracle Application Express, database design, and a. l_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR; deductive logic. CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE BEGIN Here is your quiz for this article. plch_show_autos ( OPEN l_cursor FOR I create and populate a table as follows: auto_type_in IN plch_autos.auto_ SELECT auto_name type%TYPE) FROM plch_autos CREATE TABLE plch_autos IS WHERE auto_type = auto_type_in ( BEGIN ORDER BY auto_name; auto_name VARCHAR2 (100), FOR rec IN ( SELECT auto_name auto_type VARCHAR2 (100) FROM plch_autos DBMS_SQL.return_result (l_cursor); ) WHERE auto_type = auto_ END; / type_in / ORDER BY auto_name) BEGIN LOOP BEGIN INSERT INTO plch_autos DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (rec.auto_ plch_show_autos ('Sports'); VALUES ('Corvette', 'Sports'); name); END; END LOOP; / INSERT INTO plch_autos END; VALUES ('Yugo', 'Not Really'); / c. SELECT auto_name INSERT INTO plch_autos BEGIN FROM plch_autos VALUES ('Carrera', 'Sports'); plch_show_autos ('Sports'); WHERE auto_type = 'Sports' END; ORDER BY auto_name COMMIT; / /
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VALUES (2, 200, 'SCOTT.DEF'); 107 Answer to Previous Challenge INSERT INTO emps_12cemps SCOTT VALUES (3, 400, 'SCOTT.123'); 107 The PL/SQL Challenge question in last COMMIT; SCOTT issue’s “PL/SQL Enhancements” article focused on program unit enhancements to END; 107 PL/SQL in Oracle Database 12c. That chal- / lenge tested your knowledge of the use of As you can see, the data returned by the WITH FUNCTION to enable referencing a package constant in SQL without building Then I turn on serveroutput and select view is from HR’s table (there is a department a “getter” function in the package itself. all the rows from the emp_counts_v view. ID value of 100), but the totals returned by Choices (b) and (c) were both correct. Here’s the output of the query: the emps_count function call reflect data in SCOTT’s table. And the ORA_INVOKING* USERENV to return consistent results when SQL> SELECT * FROM hr.emp_counts_v functions return SCOTT’s information. these functions are referenced in a view. 2 / Note that BEQUEATH CURRENT_USER does not transform the view itself into an Next Up: The Rest of the features DEPARTMENT_ID EMPS_IN_DEPT invoker’s rights object. Name resolution within In the next issue of Oracle Magazine, I will ————————————————————— ——————————————————— the view is still handled with the view owner’s explore the remaining and most inter- 100 0 schema, and privilege checking for the view is esting new features in the Oracle Database 100 0 done with the view owner’s privileges. 12c PL/SQL language. These include the 200 2 The primary benefit of this feature is that it UTL_CALLSTACK package—which gives SCOTT enables functions such as SYS_CONTEXT and much-more-detailed information about the execution call stack, error stack, and error Code Listing 3: Creating a table and a function to test the BEQUEATH clause backtrace—and the new DBMS_UTILITY .EXPAND_SQL_TEXT procedure—which
CREATE TABLE emps_12cemps recursively replaces any view references in ( the input SQL query with the corresponding employee_id INTEGER, view subquery. department_id INTEGER, last_name VARCHAR2 (100) ) Steven Feuerstein / (steven.feuerstein@ BEGIN software.dell.com) is INSERT INTO emps_12cemps VALUES (1, 100, 'abc'); INSERT INTO emps_12cemps VALUES (2, 100, 'def'); Dell’s PL/SQL evangelist. INSERT INTO emps_12cemps VALUES (3, 200, '123'); He is an Oracle ACE COMMIT; Director; widely read END; / author; and creator of PL/SQL Challenge, a quiz site for Oracle technologists. More information is CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION emps_count ( department_id_in IN INTEGER) available at plsqlchallenge.com. RETURN PLS_INTEGER AUTHID CURRENT_USER IS Next Steps l_count PLS_INTEGER; l_user VARCHAR2 (100); DOWNLOAD Oracle Database 12c l_userid VARCHAR2 (100); bit.ly/fherki BEGIN SELECT COUNT (*) TEST your PL/SQL knowledge INTO l_count plsqlchallenge.com FROM emps_12cemps READ more Feuerstein WHERE department_id = department_id_in; bit.ly/omagplsql
/* Show who is invoking the function */ READ more about Oracle Database 12c SELECT ora_invoking_user INTO l_user FROM DUAL; oracle.com/database SELECT ora_invoking_userid INTO l_userid FROM DUAL; PL/SQL DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (l_user); oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/plsql DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (l_userid); SQL datatypes RETURN l_count; bit.ly/16YBTWb END; DBMS_SQL / bit.ly/16A6Amb
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Oracle Database 12c On Oracle Database 12c, Part 2 Our technologist finds a match for his SQL and makes his undo temporary.
sually I take three or four user- data. For example, you might have an audit ested in. You can do all this processing in a Usubmitted questions from the past two trail of data, with columns representing single pass through the data—no self-joins, months and present those questions and the username, an event that took place, no Cartesian joins, and no scalar subqueries my answers here in each Ask Tom column. and a time stamp representing when that are required. The query would be relatively In the previous column and the next three, event took place. You might be interested in easy to code—the MATCH_RECOGNIZE however, I take a look at some key Oracle finding all the people in that audit trail who clause is very compact—and the perfor- Database 12c features. These features are used “application X” then “application Y” mance of this query would be much better all part of the “12 Things About Oracle and then “application Z” and, finally, went than that of one written without the MATCH_ Database 12c” presentation I gave at Oracle back to a specific part of “application X.” RECOGNIZE clause. OpenWorld 2012 in San Francisco. (You Preceding, following, and in between those To demonstrate this new feature, I am can find the slides for that presentation on events might be countless other events. going to analyze a set of stock data. Stock asktom.oracle.com on the Files tab.) The first For some users, there might be no events analysts are often interested in seeing a V- or three Oracle Database 12c features I looked between their interesting actions, but for W-shaped pattern in stock data. That is, they at last time were improved defaults, bigger other users, there might be hundreds or would like to know at which points in time a datatypes, and top-n queries. In this issue, I thousands of events. Trying to find such a stock hits a high value, followed by a series of take a look at a new row-pattern-matching pattern with analytic windowing functions drops in price and then followed by a series clause and how undo for temporary tables falls short. You don’t know how many rows of rises in price. They’d like to know when has changed in Oracle Database 12c. backward or forward in the result set you the pattern that defines the V shape started, would have to look—LAG and LEAD analysis when it hit the bottom, and when it hit the Row Pattern Matching won’t really help. At the very least, you would top again. I’ll start this example by defining a In the beginning, SQL provided the ability have to make multiple passes on the data, simple stock table: to look left and right in a result set. That is, use multiple self-joins, or resort to scalar you could look at a row of data, possibly the subqueries. The query you’d need to write SQL> create table stocks result of a join of many tables, and apply would be extremely complex, and the cost of 2 ( symbol varchar2(10), predicates to that row. You could compare executing it would be extremely high. 3 tstamp date, any column in that row with any other Enter row pattern matching, implemented 4 price number, column in that row. However, you could via the MATCH_RECOGNIZE clause in Oracle 5 primary key (symbol,tstamp) not look up and down in a result set. The Database 12c. This clause enables you to take 6 ) ability to look up and down was included in a set of data (a result set—your audit trail, 7 organization index Oracle8i Database in the form of analytic for example); partition it into nonoverlap- 8 / windowing functions. Using these analytic ping sets of data (by username in your audit Table created. functions, you could look not only left and trail); sort these sets (by time stamp in your right in a result set but also up and down, audit trail); and then look for a pattern that Now I’ll create a bit of data to analyze: using windowing functions such as LAG, spans many rows in that partitioned, ordered LEAD, FIRST_VALUE, LAST_VALUE, and set. With the audit trail example, you would SQL> declare NTH_VALUE. These windowing functions are query all records for applications X, Y, and Z. 2 l_data sys.odciNumberList := extremely powerful, and they opened up a You would partition the records by username 3 sys.odciNumberList whole new way of analyzing data with SQL. and sort within each username by time 4 ( 35, 34, 33, 34, 35, As powerful as they are, however, they had stamp. Then you would look for one or more 5 36, 37, 36, 35, 34, 35, some limitations. Xs, followed by one or more Ys, followed by 36, 37 ); Often when processing data, you want to one or more Zs, and finally followed by the 6 l_cnt number := l_data.count; recognize a pattern in an ordered stream of specific part of application X you were inter- 7 begin
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8 for i in 1 .. l_cnt Code Listing 1: Displaying ASCII art patterns 9 loop
10 insert into stocks SQL> select symbol, tstamp, price, 11 ( symbol, tstamp, price ) 2 rpad('*',price,'*') hist 3 from stocks 12 values 4 order by symbol, tstamp; 13 ('XYZ', sysdate-l_cnt+i, l_data(i) ); SYMBOL TSTAMP PRICE HIST ——————————————— —————————————— ——————————————— ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— 14 end loop; XYZ 01-SEP-12 35 *********************************** 15 commit; XYZ 02-SEP-12 34 ********************************** 16 end; XYZ 03-SEP-12 33 ********************************* XYZ 04-SEP-12 34 ********************************** 17 / XYZ 05-SEP-12 35 *********************************** PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. XYZ 06-SEP-12 36 ************************************ XYZ 07-SEP-12 37 ************************************* XYZ 08-SEP-12 36 ************************************ Because this set of data is so small, I can XYZ 09-SEP-12 35 *********************************** analyze it with ASCII art in SQL*Plus easily, XYZ 10-SEP-12 34 ********************************** as shown in Listing 1. XYZ 11-SEP-12 35 *********************************** XYZ 12-SEP-12 36 ************************************ This set of data is only 13 rows, so using a XYZ 13-SEP-12 37 ************************************* brute force method to analyze it works and I can readily see the pattern I am looking for. I can see clearly two V shapes in this data. I can 12 DEFINE same query might return different answers! see that on September 1, I have the begin- 13 DOWN AS See bit.ly/Z6nxLL for a further explanation ning of a V, which bottoms out on September DOWN.price < PREV(DOWN.price), and examples of why this deterministic 3 and peaks again on September 7. I can see 14 UP AS UP.price > PREV(UP.price) behavior is desirable, and usually necessary, the second V easily, too; it begins on the 15 ) MR for correct results. 7th (the beginning of the second pattern is 16 ORDER BY MR.symbol, Now I’m going to skip ahead a bit to the the end of the first—think about how you’d MR.start_tstamp; pattern part of the query: report on that with basic SQL), bottoms out on the 10th, and peaks again on the 13th. I SYMBOL START_TST BOTTOM_TS END_TSTAM 11 PATTERN (STRT DOWN+ UP+) am interested, therefore, in getting two rows —————————— ————————————— ————————————— ————————————— 12 DEFINE of data—each with the three relevant dates. I XYZ 01-SEP-12 03-SEP-12 07-SEP-12 13 DOWN AS would like you to think about how you might XYZ 07-SEP-12 10-SEP-12 13-SEP-12 DOWN.price < PREV(DOWN.price), write a SQL statement in Oracle Database 11g 14 UP AS UP.price > PREV(UP.price) Release 2 and how, before that, you might I’ll walk through this query line by line. output two rows (repeating September 7, The first two lines define the query that I’m interested in a data pattern in which which is tricky) with the information I am defines the result set I’ll partition and order I have any record, followed by one or more looking for. It can be done, but it is rather and then apply my pattern to. This query can records in which the price of the stock goes complex and the performance would be be any query—with joins, aggregation, and down, followed by one or more records in questionable at best. so on. The MATCH_RECOGNIZE clause starts which the stock price increases. That is what With the MATCH_RECOGNIZE clause, this on the end of line 2 and is contained in lines my pattern on lines 11 through 14 repre- is rather easy to query. For example: 3 through 15. sents. I’m looking for a starting record—any On lines 3 and 4, I set up my partitions record—followed by one or more “down” SQL> SELECT * and order this stream of data. I partition by records, followed by one or more “up” 2 FROM stocks MATCH_RECOGNIZE the stock symbol, and within each of these records. To identify “any record,” I use the 3 ( PARTITION BY symbol stocks, I order the data by time stamp, from correlation name STRT, short for start. (That 4 ORDER BY tstamp oldest to newest. Note that my result set name is rather arbitrary—I could have used 5 MEASURES is deterministic here. Because my primary any valid identifier.) Because STRT is not in 6 STRT.tstamp AS start_tstamp, key is SYMBOL, TSTAMP, the set of rows the DEFINE, the definition section, it can 7 LAST(DOWN.tstamp) AS will be deterministic from run to run of this match any record—every record in the result bottom_tstamp, query. This fact is typically very important in set could potentially match and become 8 LAST(UP.tstamp) AS end_tstamp pattern matching—you want to know that a STRT record. For a record to become the 9 ONE ROW PER MATCH the rows that form your pattern are being STRT record, however, it must be followed 10 AFTER MATCH SKIP TO LAST UP observed in a “stable” state, a deterministic by a DOWN record, at least one and possibly 11 PATTERN (STRT DOWN+ UP+) state. Otherwise, two executions of the more (that is the meaning of the + after
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DOWN). Now, DOWN does have a definition in this case, I have asked for the rows in the time over the years or months when a stock in this case: a record can be considered a pattern to be tagged with STRT.tstamp, the bottoms out?” and so on. DOWN record if and only if the price of that timestamp associated with the starting For detailed information on the MATCH_ record is less than the price of the previous record, the beginning of my pattern. I also RECOGNIZE syntax, see bit.ly/15x5p0o. In record in the result set (remember, it is a asked for LAST(DOWN.tstamp)—the last particular, the “SQL for Pattern Matching” deterministically ordered stream of data). As DOWN time stamp—and LAST(UP.tstamp)— chapter in Oracle Database Data Warehousing long as I have records that match this defini- the last UP time stamp. Those three values Guide 12c Release 1 (12.1) at bit.ly/1d1thAP is tion, I’ll be matching DOWN records. When represent the beginning, the bottom, and the an excellent resource to get started with. I ultimately get to a record that no longer end of the V-shaped pattern. Line 9 of the meets the criterion for being a DOWN record, query—ONE ROW PER MATCH—makes the Temporary Undo I’ll continue the pattern matching in the MATCH_RECOGNIZE clause work very much I’ll now take a look at a new way to process hopes that it is an UP record. An UP record is like an aggregate function. For this one big undo for global temporary tables in Oracle defined as any record whose price is greater pattern that spans seven rows of data, I’d like Database 12c. than the previous record’s price. one row to be output with my three measures Many DBAs and developers used to be Now I’ll walk through the pattern in in it. This will help me analyze the data as I surprised to discover that their operations lines 11 through 14 with my actual data set. turn millions of rows into tens or hundreds or on global temporary tables—such as INSERT, I start by processing the first record, for thousands of rows, which is something I can UPDATE, MERGE, and DELETE—generated September 1. That record meets the criterion get my head around. redo: less redo than they observed on a for being a STRT record, because there is no Now that I’ve found the first pattern, I’m regular, permanent table but still a sizable defining criterion. The first record can be ready to start looking for the next one. The amount. Their first question was, “Where the STRT record of a pattern match only if question now becomes, “Where do I start does this redo come from?” The answer was the following record is a DOWN record. So, looking for the next pattern?” I could start that it comes from the undo that Oracle I advance in the result set, get the second looking for the next pattern in the second Database has to generate on that global record, and apply the definition of DOWN row, but that wouldn’t make sense for this temporary table. The undo for global tem- to it. Is its price of 34 less than the prior pattern, because I’d find V shapes inside of V porary tables must be generated—the data- record’s price, 35? Because it is, I am still shapes over and over again, which is not very base needs it in case an application issues a matching my pattern; I can advance to the interesting. Where I would like to start the rollback and to provide for read-consistent third record and apply the definition again. search for the next pattern is on the last row results. For situations in which a developer It is another DOWN record. Then I get to of the first pattern. I want to pick up where inserts some information into a global tem- the fourth record—which is not a DOWN I left off, and line 10 of the query—AFTER porary table and then issues a SELECT state- record—so I’ve finished matching the STRT MATCH SKIP TO LAST UP—accomplishes ment against it, followed by an UPDATE or a DOWN+ portion of the pattern. I must now that. It permits the last row of the first DELETE, the rules of read consistency state verify that the fourth record conforms to the pattern in this case to potentially become that the SELECT statement cannot see the definition of UP in my definition. And sure the first row of the next pattern. And as you effects of the UPDATE or DELETE. To make enough, it does. I’ve found the pattern—I can see by the output, September 7 does, in that possible, the database needs that undo. know I have some record followed by one or fact, become the first row of the next pattern. (See bit.ly/120NB0w for more information more DOWN records followed by at least one September 7 is effectively output twice in on read consistency, one of the core tenets of UP record, but the pattern won’t stop here. this result set. (Think about what you would Oracle Database). Much as with regular expressions, I am going have to do in regular SQL to get a single row So a modification of a global temporary to continue matching to find the largest output twice in a result set!) table needs to generate undo, and the undo conforming pattern. I take a look at the fifth, And that’s it. I take all the pattern matches, tablespace must be protected by redo. In sixth, and seventh records and find that they order them by the stock symbol and the the event of an instance crash, the data- are all UP records, so they become part of starting price, and display them. In this case, base needs the redo information in order to the pattern. Then I get to the eighth record, I’ve taken 13 rows and turned them into 2 recover the undo tablespace so it can then and it does not match the definition of UP rows, each of them representing three points roll back any transaction that was in process anymore, because its price is not greater of data. It becomes very easy now to see these but not yet committed when the instance than the prior record’s price. I am done with patterns and start to interpret them. You can failed. And furthermore, before Oracle the first pattern, and the set of rows that see how you might further analyze and aggre- Database 12c, the undo tablespace did not match this pattern are September 1 through gate this data to answer questions such as distinguish between undo for temporary 7. I am now ready to output this information. “What is the average period of time elapsed objects and undo for permanent objects. Going back to the MATCH_RECOGNIZE in a V for a given stock symbol?” “What is But starting in Oracle Database 12c, tem- clause, a MEASURES clause starts on line 5. the max time?” “How many V shapes do you porary undo can be stored in the temporary This identifies the outputs of my query, and usually see in a year?” “Is there any common tablespace and undo for permanent objects
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12 for 12 SQL> alter session Statistics set temp_undo_enabled = false; ———————————————————————————————————————————————— Tom Kyte has picked his top 12 features of … Oracle Database 12c and put them into a pre- Session altered. 0 redo size sentation. Here are his picks: • Even better PL/SQL from SQL … • Improved defaults SQL> insert into gtt • Increased size limits for some datatypes 2 select * the redo is either trivial or nonexistent. • Easy top-n and pagination queries • Row pattern matching 3 from all_objects; In a read-only Oracle Active Data Guard • Partitioning improvements 87310 rows created. database, the redo would be entirely non- • Adaptive execution plans existent. This means you’ll potentially be • Enhanced statistics • Temporary undo Statistics shipping less redo, applying less redo, and • Data optimization capabilities ———————————————————————————————————————————————— enjoying a longer undo retention period in • Application Continuity and Transaction … your primary database. Guard • Pluggable databases 566304 redo size Kyte’s “12 for 12” presentation is part of … Tom Kyte is a database the Oracle Database 12c launch webcast at bit.ly/1bH80gC. evangelist in Oracle’s Kyte covered improved defaults, increased SQ> update gtt Server Technologies size limits for some dataytpes, and easy top-n 2 set object_name = division and has worked and pagination queries in the September/ lower(object_name); October 2013 issue of Oracle Magazine, and for Oracle since 1993. He he covered row pattern matching and tempo- 87310 rows updated. is the author of Expert rary undo in this issue. Oracle Database Architecture (Apress, 2005, Spoiler alert: Kyte covers more of the top 12 Statistics in this column in upcoming issues. 2010) and Effective Oracle by Design (Oracle ———————————————————————————————————————————————— Press, 2003), among other books. … can be stored in the undo tablespace. What 8243680 redo size Next Steps this effectively means is that operations on … temporary tables will no longer generate redo. ASK Tom If you have large batch operations that utilize As you can see, the INSERT generates Tom Kyte answers your most difficult technology questions. Highlights from that forum appear in global temporary tables, you may well dis- about half a megabyte of redo (566,304 this column. cover that the amount of redo you generate bytes) while the UPDATE generates upwards asktom.oracle.com decreases by a large amount. Furthermore, of 8 MB of redo (8,243,680 bytes). If I enable FOLLOW Tom on Twitter you’ll be generating less undo in your undo temporary undo, however: @OracleAskTom tablespace. And that means you’ll be able to READ more Tom bit.ly/omagasktom support a longer undo_retention time SQL> alter session Expert Oracle Database Architecture: Oracle with a smaller undo tablespace. set temp_undo_enabled = true; Database 9i, 10g, and 11g Programming Techniques Another pleasant side effect of this new and Solutions, Second Edition change is that global temporary tables can Session altered. amzn.to/ckGXaR now be utilized in a read-only Oracle Active DOWNLOAD Oracle Database 12c Data Guard database. Yes, you can now have SQL> insert into gtt bit.ly/epBiUG a read-only database in which you can read 2 select * LEARN more about Oracle Database 12c and write global temporary tables. Because 3 from all_objects; oracle.com/database one of the uses of a global temporary table 87310 rows created. deterministic behavior has historically been in reporting systems— bit.ly/Z6nxLL for storing intermediate query results—this Statistics MATCH_RECOGNIZE syntax makes a read-only Oracle Active Data Guard ———————————————————————————————————————————————— bit.ly/15x5p0o reporting database that much more viable. … SQL pattern matching bit.ly/1d1thAP How undo is generated in Oracle Database 280 redo size read consistency 12c for global temporary tables is controlled … bit.ly/120NB0w by a new init.ora parameter: temp_undo_ FOLLOW Oracle Database enabled. It has two settings: TRUE and SQL> update gtt on Twitter FALSE. By default, this parameter is set to 2 set object_name = @oracledatabase FALSE and undo will be generated in the lower(object_name); on Facebook facebook.com/oracledatabase same fashion it was in the past. For example: 87310 rows updated.
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OMAG1113_Pg059_R1 1 10/6/13 8:01 PM 60 Time Capsule Flashbacks: Culture. Industry. Oracle. BY RICH SCHWERIN
1979
Starting a Thread Pop quiz: Started by a pair of Duke University Name the “Big Nine” graduate students and still in wide- hierarchies of Usenet. spread use today, Usenet allows users CompuServe Answers: to read and post threaded messages to Richard M. Nixon was President of the United States. bit.ly/17Z2MYu
1969 newsgroups organized into hierarchies Aldrin and Armstrong landed on the moon. And of subjects. in Columbus, Ohio, Compu-Serv Network started renting time on its DEC PDP-10 midrange computer. 1998 1980s You’ve Got Mail “The odd thing Dial-up Online Services about this With CompuServe leading the way, form of com- dial-up online services in the ’80s munication included Prodigy (1984); General Electric’s is that you’re GEnie (1985); and Quantum Computer more likely to talk about Services (1985). Quantum doesn’t ring nothing than something. But I just want to say that all this a bell? In 1989, Quantum launched a nothing has meant more to me service called America Online. These early than so many somethings.” online services connected communities —Kathleen Kelly (Meg Ryan) in an and enabled conversations. e-mail to Joe Fox (Tom Hanks), You’ve Got Mail, Warner Bros., 1998 1999 Weblogs Remember user-generated content? As a “user” of the World Wide Web, you can now generate your own content on weblog platforms LiveJournal and Blogger; WordPress joins them four years later. Java Tweets Then: What’s a weblog? 2013 Now: Hey, I read your blog post, and I completely disagree…. //JULY/AUGUST 2013 / With Java at its core, Twitter supports more than 400 million Tweets per day #performance 2000s —Tweet via @java; 11 23 28 JAVAONE ORACLE TEAM USA KIRK PEPPERDINE article via Java Magazine at PREVIEW ON PERFORMANCE Media Gets Social TUNING ow.ly/nyk2R ORACLE.COM/JAVAMAGAZINE Were the 2000s the social media decade? Friendster (2002) THE FIRST SOCIAL NETWORK I JOINED MySpace (2003) WAS IN THE YEAR
LinkedIn (2003) We asked our Facebook Orkut 24% Digg (2004) 2011 fans, and here are the most hi5 14% popular social network firsts: Facebook 10% Facebook (2004) Cloud Collaboration Twitter (2006) Launched during Oracle OpenWorld, Oracle Social Network YOUR TURN Tumblr (2007) is a secure enterprise social Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn. Will today’s social media network and more debut. network that connects business powerhouses become tomorrow’s Prodigy? Tell us what you processes, enterprise applications, think the future of social media holds in store. Visit Facebook/ and content in Oracle Cloud. OracleMagazine and let us know. bit.ly/orclmagfb GETTY IMAGES
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