electronics Review A Review on 5G Sub-6 GHz Base Station Antenna Design Challenges Madiha Farasat 1, Dushmantha N. Thalakotuna 1,*, Zhonghao Hu 2 and Yang Yang 1 1 School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney 2007, Australia;
[email protected] (M.F.);
[email protected] (Y.Y.) 2 Wireless Business Unit, Rosenberg Technology Australia, Northmead 2152, Australia;
[email protected] * Correspondence:
[email protected] Abstract: Modern wireless networks such as 5G require multiband MIMO-supported Base Station Antennas. As a result, antennas have multiple ports to support a range of frequency bands leading to multiple arrays within one compact antenna enclosure. The close proximity of the arrays results in significant scattering degrading pattern performance of each band while coupling between arrays leads to degradation in return loss and port-to-port isolations. Different design techniques are adopted in the literature to overcome such challenges. This paper provides a classification of challenges in BSA design and a cohesive list of design techniques adopted in the literature to overcome such challenges. Keywords: base station antenna challenges; multiband antennas; multibeam antennas; antenna arrays Citation: Farasat, M.; Thalakotuna, 1. Introduction D.N.; Hu, Z.; Yang, Y. A Review on Base station Antenna (BSA) is the edge element in the air interface towards the mobile 5G Sub-6 GHz Base Station Antenna terminal in all communication systems, from the first-generation (1G) AMTS (advanced Design Challenges. Electronics 2021, mobile telephone systems) to the fifth-generation (5G) networks. A significant amount of 10, 2000.