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Financial Literacy: an Essential Tool for Informed Consumer Choice?
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES FINANCIAL LITERACY: AN ESSENTIAL TOOL FOR INFORMED CONSUMER CHOICE? Annamaria Lusardi Working Paper 14084 http://www.nber.org/papers/w14084 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 June 2008 I would like to thank Keith Ernst, Howell Jackson, Kevin Rhein, Peter Tufano, and participants to the conference "Understanding Consumer Credit: A National Symposium on Expanding Access, Informing Choices, and Protecting Consumers," Harvard Business School, November 2007, and the conference "Consumer Information and the Mortgage Market," Federal Trade Commission, Washington, D.C., May 2008 for suggestions and comments. This paper builds on several projects I have written in collaboration with Olivia Mitchell, whom I would like to thank for her encouragement, support, and many suggestions. Audrey Brown provided excellent research assistance. Any errors are my responsibility. This paper was written while visiting Harvard Business School and I would like to thank them, and in particular Peter Tufano, for their hospitality. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer- reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2008 by Annamaria Lusardi. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Financial Literacy: An Essential Tool for Informed Consumer Choice? Annamaria Lusardi NBER Working Paper No. -
Consumerism and Environmental Policy: Moving Past Consumer Culture
Consumerism and Environmental Policy: Moving Past Consumer Culture Bradley A. Harsch* CONTENTS Introduction ......................................................................... 544 I. Environmental Problems and Ways of Dealing With Th em ............................................................................ 548 A. Industrial Economy and the Environment ............... 548 B. Conventional Approaches to Addressing Environmental Problems ......................................... 550 C. Proposed Approaches to Addressing Environmental Problem s ................................................................ 552 1. Market-Based Approaches: Internalizing Externalities ...................................................... 553 2. Reducing Energy and Raw Material Input .......... 554 3. Proposed Approaches that Address Consum ption ..................................................... 554 II. Consum er Culture ........................................................ 555 A. The Historical Development and Critique of the Consum er Culture .................................................. 557 B. Definitive Aspects of Consumer Culture .................. 559 1. The Reification of Images .................................. 559 2. The Market as the Primary Means of Satisfying D esires .............................................................. 562 C. Advertising and Consumer Culture ......................... 566 1. Advertising and its Place in Society .................... 566 2. Our Incredulity ................................................. -
Consumer Education Credit - ½ Term(S) - 1 Semester
MHS Syllabus Business Education Consumer Education Credit - ½ Term(s) - 1 Semester Text: Economic Education for Consumers, © 2000 South-Western Publishing Roger Leroy Miller, Alan D. Stafford Prerequisites: Must be junior or senior Course Description: This course is designed to empower students with the survival skills needed to cope in today’s society. Basic economic and decision-making principles will be emphasized in order to achieve maximum utilization and satisfaction from resources, to evaluate alternatives in the marketplace, and to understand the rights and responsibilities of a consumer. WILL FULFILL CONSUMER EDUCATION GRADUATION REQUIREMENT. Course Content: 1. Consumer in the Marketplace 2. Money and Banking 3. Investments 4. Buying Wisely/Advertising 5. Credit 6. Renting an Apartment/Buying a House 7. Purchasing an automobile 8. Insurance 9. Taxes Course Format: Practical application class using real-world activities to simulate different areas of consumer life. Technology is used extensively for simulations. Course Expectations: Standard class Grades: • Projects • Written or oral exams/quizzes • Daily Work • Article Reviews • Discussion MHS Syllabus Business Education Course Objectives: • Analyze the rights and responsibilities involved with consumer protection • Apply the decision-making process in the role of the consumer • Identify the various types of advertising and its effect on consumer decisions • Understand and apply the aspects of keeping a checkbook • Differentiate and assess the various types of investments and savings plans. • Demonstrate the budgeting process. • Formulate sound decision-making principles when selecting and using credit. • Compare the options available when renting, purchasing, and financing housing. • Examine and demonstrate the car-buying process • Compare advantages and disadvantages of different types of insurance • Demonstrate how taxes and assessed and their purpose. -
Sacrificing Privacy for Convenience: the Need for Stricter FTC Regulations in an Age of Smartphone Surveillance
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary Volume 34 Issue 2 Article 6 12-15-2014 Sacrificing Privacy for Convenience: The Need for Stricter FTC Regulations in an Age of Smartphone Surveillance Ashton McKinnon Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/naalj Part of the Administrative Law Commons, Consumer Protection Law Commons, Privacy Law Commons, and the Science and Technology Law Commons Recommended Citation Ashton McKinnon, Sacrificing Privacy for Convenience: The Need for Stricter FTC Regulations in an Age of Smartphone Surveillance, 34 J. Nat’l Ass’n Admin. L. Judiciary 484 (2014) Available at: https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/naalj/vol34/iss2/6 This Comment is brought to you for free and open access by the Caruso School of Law at Pepperdine Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary by an authorized editor of Pepperdine Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. Sacrificing Privacy for Convenience: The Need for Stricter FTC Regulations in an Age of Smartphone Surveillance By Ashton McKinnon* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 486 II. THE SMARTPHONE .................................................................... 488 III. APPS ........................................................................................ -
Lois Green Carr
Lois Green Carr Born at Holyoke, Massachusetts, March 7, 1922 Education: Harvard University, Ph.D., 1968 (History). Radcliffe College, A.M., 1944. Swarthmore College, A.B., 1943. High Honors in History. Professional Experience: 1967-present. Historian, Historic St. Mary's City, State of Maryland. 1982-present. Adjunct Professor of History, University of Maryland, College Park. 1988-present. Senior Adjunct Scholar, Maryland State Archives. 1989-present. Senior Historian, Maryland Historical Trust. 1971. Visiting Professor, St. Mary's College of Maryland. 1956-1964. Junior Archivist, Maryland Hall of Records Commission, Annapolis, MD; Assistant Editor, Maryland Manual, 1956-1960; Editor, Maryland Guide, 1956-1964. 1952-1956. Freelance editing. 1951-1952. Editorial Assistant, College Department, Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. 1950-1951. Freelance editing, Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. 1948. Instructor in English, Juilliard School of Music. 1946-1947. Instructor in History, Cambridge Junior College, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 1944. Assistant, History Department, Harvard University. Memberships: American Historical Association (Research Division, 1980-1982). Organization of American Historians (Committee on Historic Sites, 1971-1973; Nominating Committee, 1985-1986). Economic History Association (Nominating Committee, 1982-1983; Committee on Research in Economic History, 1988-1990; President Elect, 1989-1990; President, 1990- 1991; Trustee, 1991-1994). Social Science History Association Southern Historical Association (Program Committee, 1991-1992) Omohundro Institute for Early American History and Culture (Council, 1980-1982) Maryland Historical Society (Editorial Board, Maryland Historical Magazine, 1988--; Publications Committee, 1990--). Economic History Society Advisory Board, McNeil (formerly Philadelphia) Center for Early American Studies, 1981--. Historic Annapolis, Inc. Maryland Humanities Council, 1998--. Charles Carroll House of Annapolis, Inc., Board of Trustees, 1994-2003. -
Profiling and Targeting Consumers in the Internet of Things – a New Challenge for Consumer Law
Profiling and targeting consumers in the Internet of Things – A new challenge for consumer law Prof. Dr. Natali Helberger, Institute for Information Law, University of Amsterdam I. Introduction “The door refused to open. It said, “Five cents, please.” He searched his pockets. No more coins; nothing. ‘I’ll pay you tomorrow,’ he told the door. Again he tried the knob. Again it remained locked tight. ‘What I pay you,’ he informed it, ‘is in the nature of a gratuity; I don’t have to pay you.’ ‘I think otherwise,’the door said. ‘Look in the purchase contract you signed when you bought this conapt.’ … From the drawer beside the sink Joe Chip got a stainless steel knife; with it he began systematically to unscrew the bolt assembly of his apt’s money gulping door. ‘I’ll sue you,’th door said as the first screw fell out. Joe chip said, ‘I’ve never been sued by a door. But I guess I can live through it.’1 Having a legal debate with one’s door sounds very much like a vision from a hopefully very hypothetical future – like the one the science fiction author Philip K. Dick described in his novel. And yet, today, almost 50 years after Dick has first published Ubik, this future does not sound that hypothetical or even far away anymore. This chapter will argue that there is a role for consumer law to make sure that we do not have to have conversations like these with our doors, toasters or other smart appliances in the Internet of Things. -
Part 1: the Ecology of the Image
PART 1: THE ECOLOGY OF THE IMAGE Figure 1: Figure-ground reversal: the face-vase illusion (original design by Edgar Rubin). Ian E. Gordon, Theories of Visual Perception (Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 1989) 53. 2 PART 1: THE ECOLOGY OF THE IMAGE …no denser or more tacit form of communication, no shaping or organising force more comprehensive or more insidiously embedded in our lifeworld than images. They make up the true lingua franca of commerce, politics, and psyche; they are the ‘cloaking devices’ par excellence of the human social world. (Sanford Kwinter)1 One must see, at first sight, what does not let itself be seen. And this is invisibility itself. For what first sight misses is the invisible. The flaw, the error of first sight is to see, and to not notice the invisible. (Jacques Derrida)2 …nothing seems more important than to debate the ecological role and character of images. (Andrew Ross)3 Don’t worry sweetheart — it’s just a movie. (Anon) INTRODUCTION 4 SNAP SHOT: AN ACCIDENT IN SLOW MOTION I am sitting in a Holden car designed in 1966, travelling down a highway on an extremely hot day at fifty miles per hour. The luxurious design of the interior (beautifully preserved by the car’s owner) speaks of a familiar car culture even though the detailing has changed. Something is, nonetheless, 1 Sanford Kwinter in his introduction to Bruce Mau, Life Style (London: Phaidon, 2000) 36. 2 Jacques Derrida, Specters of Marx: the state of the debt, the work of mourning, and the New International, trans. -
The Evolving Relationship Between Food and Tourism: a Case Study Of
1 THE EVOLVING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOOD AND TOURISM: A CASE STUDY OF DEVON THROUGH THE TWENTIETH CENTURY Submitted by: Paul Edward Cleave, to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Management Studies. November 2011 This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without prior acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. Signature............................................. 2 Acknowledgements I would like to thank everyone who contributed so generously and patiently of their time and expertise in the completion of this thesis, and especially to my supervisor, Professor Gareth Shaw for his guidance and inspiration. Their unfailing support and encouragement in my endeavours is greatly appreciated. Paul Cleave 3 Abstract The aim of this thesis is to examine the evolving relationship between food and tourism through the twentieth century. Devon, a county in the South West of England, and a popular tourist destination is used as the geographical focus of the case study. Previous studies have tended to focus on particular locations at a fixed point in time, not over the timescale of a century. The research presents a social and economic history of food in the context of tourism. It incorporates many food related interests reflecting the topical and evolving, embracing leisure, pleasure and social history, Burnett (2004). -
Consumer Education and a Critical Pedagogy of Consumption
More Than Technical Skills: Consumer Education and a Critical Pedagogy of Consumption Jennifer A. Sandlin, Texas A & M University The purpose of this article is to advocate for a more critical form of consumer education that pushes past the traditional focus on teaching technical skills about how to operate more efficiently within the consumer system and encourages learners to question the assumptions of the existing consumer culture. While research and practice in K-12 and adult education increasingly are grounded in critical perspectives (Denzin, 2001; Holt, 2002; Kozinets, 2002; Murray & Ozanne, 1991; Murray, Ozanne, & _________..Jf =r1 Shapiro, 1994; Ozanne & Murray, 1995 and in the field of education; Apple, 1990; Freire, 1985; Giroux & McLaren, 1989; J Lankshear, 1987; McLaren, 1998; Shor, 1992), there has been a lack of integration of these ideas into consumer education research and practice. This article briefly reviews how consumer education has traditionally been constructed, then outlines a vision for a more critical consumer education termed a "critical pedagogy of III: I consumption." The goal is to start a dialogue among consumer educators about the fundamental purposes of consumer education and to begin advocating for a different kind of consumer education-one informed by the critical-theory based work occurring in the field of consumer research. Traditional Consumer Education Consumer education has been defined as the "process of gaining knowledge and skills to manage personal resources and to participate in social, political, and economic decisions that affect individual well being and the public good" (Bannister, 1996, p. 1). Throughout the history of consumer education, practitioners \~l concerned themselves with improving the "economic level of Ij., - 19 -li:,1 living for all citizens" (Bannister, p. -
A Content Analysis of Selected Family Life Education Textbooks Used at the Secondary Level
A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF SELECTED FAMILY LIFE EDUCATION TEXTBOOKS USED AT THE SECONDARY LEVEL DISSERTATION Presented In Partial Fulfillnent of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Qraduate School of the Ohio State University By JOHN WILLIAM HUDSON, B .S., H.A. The Ohio State University 1956 Approvsd byt Adviser Departnent of Sociology and Anthropology ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The completion of a doctoral dissertation usually represents not only the efforts of the candidate, but also the support, encourage ment, and assistance of his teachers and friends and those even closer to him. In this instance the author is conscious of a debt of gratitude to many persons# I am indebted, first of all, to my wife, Dorothy Erskine Hudson, without whose perseverance, patient understanding, and generous assistance this study could not have been carried to completion. To Dr. Florence G. Robbins of the Department of Sociology and Anthropology, The Ohio State University, I am especially indebted for friendship and support throughout my graduate training, and for special add and assistance as adviser in this study. To Dr. Raymond F. Sletto, Chairman, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, The Ohio State U niversity, I am g ratefu l for technical assistance and for the inspiration provided through the example he sets as a man of principle and integrity. At The Merrill-Palmer School, I am indebted to Dr. Pauline P. W. Knapp, Director, for allowing time in my schedule to work on this dissertation. Many of my colleagues at Merrill-Palmer contributed generously of their time. Especially do I wish to thank Dr. -
The Contribution of Consumer Protection to Sustainable Consumption
United Nations TD/B/C.I/CPLP/17 United Nations Conference Distr.: General 29 April 2019 on Trade and Development Original: English Trade and Development Board Trade and Development Commission Intergovernmental Group of Experts on Consumer Protection Law and Policy Fourth session Geneva, 8 and 9 July 2019 Item 3 (a) of the provisional agenda Contribution of consumer protection to sustainable consumption The contribution of consumer protection to sustainable consumption Executive summary This note explores the connection between consumer protection and sustainable consumption. It refers to the interplay between sustainable consumption, the Sustainable Development Goals and the United Nations guidelines for consumer protection. Consumer protection laws may not always include specific provisions on sustainable consumption, yet consumer protection agencies have used existing provisions to act in this area, engaging in consumer education and providing guidance to businesses, as well as addressing related cases, for example those related to environmental claims. Finally, the note provides some policy recommendations and areas for further discussion. GE.19-06943(E) TD/B/C.I/CPLP/17 I. Introduction 1. Sustainable consumption entered the international policy discourse at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held in 1992, whose Agenda 21 states, “the major cause of the continued deterioration of the global environment is the unsustainable pattern of consumption and production, particularly in industrialized countries, which -
(1) Assist School Consumer Education That Meets Students Needs
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 120 072 SO 008.975 TITLE Guidelines for Consumer Education. Revised. INSTITUTION Illinois State Office of Education, Springfield. PUB DATE Apr 72 NOTE 69p. EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 HC-$3.50 Plus Postage DESCRIPTORS Class Activities; Consumer Economics; *Consumer Education; Consumer Protection; Credit (Finance); *Guidelines; *High School Curriculum; Investment; Money Management; *Program Planning; Purchasing; Secondary Education; Social Studies; State Curridulum Guides; Taxes IDENTIFIERS Illinois ABSTRACT This guide is intended to assist school personnel by clarifying issues, provide directions in basic information, and stimulate practical considerations for the learner in the area of consumer education. Its objectives are to (1) assist school administrators in the implementation of consumer education, and (2) assist secondary teachers in planning an instructional program in consumer education that meets studentsneeds. An introduction offers a rationale and objectives. Procedure3 for implementation cover content, responsibility, time allotment, certification of teachers, and methods of implementation. Consumer education topics that are identified are the individual consumer and the marketplace, money management, consumer credit, buying goods and services, insurance, savings and investments, taxes, and the consumer in society. The discussion of each topic includes objectives, outline of content, suggested activities, and instructional materials. A resource section contains listings of selected bibliographies and other sources