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Country Report of Pakistan
Disclaimer This report was compiled by an ADRC visiting researcher (VR) from ADRC member countries. The views expressed in the report do not necessarily reflect the views of the ADRC. The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on the maps in the report also do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the ADRC. ASIAN DISASTER REDUCTION CENTRE Visiting Researcher Program – FY2017B COUNTRY REPORT: ISLAMIC REUBLIC OF PAKSTAN Nasurullah, Assistant Director, National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), Ministry of Climate Change Pakistan. e-mail: [email protected] official: [email protected] web: http:// www.ndma.gov.pk Table of Contents 1. General Information of Pakistan ……………………………………………..02 2. Natural Hazards in Pakistan………………………………………………….03 3. Recent Major Disasters….……………………………………………………04 4. Evolution of Disaster Management System in Pakistan………….............08 4.1. The Driving Forces…………………………………….………….........08 4.2. Disaster Management Regime in Pakistan…………………………..09 4.3. Structure of Disaster Management…………………………………....10 4.3.1. NDMC.…………………………………………………………….10 4.3.2. NDMA……………………………………………………………..11 4.3.3. PDMA……………………………………………………………..13 4.3.4. DDMA……………………………………………………………..14 5. Key Federal Ministries / Departments at National Level………………….17 6. Country Disaster Risk Management Status ……………………………….18 6.1. DRR – A paradigm shifts………………………………………………19 6.2. Country DRM Status Report……………………………………. ……22 6.2.1.1. Country’s Disaster Risk Profile……………………............22 6.2.1.2. Disaster Risk and Losses 2005-2015……………....……...23 6.2.1.3. SFDRR Priorities (I-IV) ……………………………………...24 6.3. International cooperation………………………………………………37 6.4. Key issues, priorities for SFDRR Implementation………….............39 7. ADRC Counterpart …………………………………………………………...40 8. References…………………………………………………………………….41 1. General Information of Pakistan Pakistan is situated in South Asian region between longitudes 61o & 75o30'E and latitudes 23o30' & 36o45'N covering a total land area of 796,096 sq km. -
The Permanent Liminality of Pakistan's Northern Areas- the Case of Gilgit-Baltistan
Trinity College Trinity College Digital Repository Senior Theses and Projects Student Scholarship Spring 2020 The Permanent Liminality of Pakistan's Northern Areas- The Case of Gilgit-Baltistan Hamna Tariq [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/theses Part of the Asian American Studies Commons, Asian History Commons, Constitutional Law Commons, Defense and Security Studies Commons, Economic Policy Commons, Education Policy Commons, Ethnic Studies Commons, Human Rights Law Commons, International Humanitarian Law Commons, Islamic World and Near East History Commons, Legal Studies Commons, Other Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons, Peace and Conflict Studies Commons, Political History Commons, Public Administration Commons, Public Affairs Commons, Public History Commons, Public Law and Legal Theory Commons, Public Policy Commons, Social History Commons, Social Policy Commons, South and Southeast Asian Languages and Societies Commons, Urban Studies Commons, and the Urban Studies and Planning Commons Recommended Citation Tariq, Hamna, "The Permanent Liminality of Pakistan's Northern Areas- The Case of Gilgit-Baltistan". Senior Theses, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 2020. Trinity College Digital Repository, https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/theses/821 The Permanent Liminality of Pakistan’s Northern Areas: The Case of Gilgit Baltistan Hamna Tariq International Studies and Urban Studies Senior Thesis Supervised by Dr. Garth Myers and Dr. Shafqat Hussain -
Alive and Kicking: the Kashmir Dispute Forty Years Later James D
Penn State International Law Review Volume 9 Article 5 Number 1 Dickinson Journal of International Law 1991 Alive and Kicking: The Kashmir Dispute Forty Years Later James D. Howley Follow this and additional works at: http://elibrary.law.psu.edu/psilr Part of the International Law Commons Recommended Citation Howley, James D. (1991) "Alive and Kicking: The Kashmir Dispute Forty Years Later," Penn State International Law Review: Vol. 9: No. 1, Article 5. Available at: http://elibrary.law.psu.edu/psilr/vol9/iss1/5 This Comment is brought to you for free and open access by Penn State Law eLibrary. It has been accepted for inclusion in Penn State International Law Review by an authorized administrator of Penn State Law eLibrary. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Alive and Kicking: The Kashmir Dispute Forty Years Later I. Introduction The Kashmir dispute between India and Pakistan involves a struggle between two powers for the possession of a tract of territory which each wants for its own valid reasons. The stakes are of major economic, political and strategic significance to Pakistan, while to India, Kashmir has become a symbol of national prestige and inter- national justice.1 Charges of aggression and violations of interna- tional law have been asserted by both parties. In considering a solu- tion to the Kashmir dispute, it is necessary to look beyond the blatant facts and see the elements that gave rise to the dispute and the circumstances under which it occurred. A purely legalistic approach never solves large political problems. With this in mind, this Comment begins with an examina- tion of the roots of the conflict: Kashmir's economy, geography, predominantly Moslem population and Hindu ruler. -
Azad Kashmir
Azad Kashmir The home of British Kashmiris Waving flags of their countries of origin by some members of diaspora (overseas) communities in public space is one of the most common and visible expressions of their ‘other’ or ‘homeland’ identity or identities. In Britain, the South Asian diaspora communities are usually perceived as Indian, Pakistani, (since 1971) Bangladeshis and Sri Lankans. However, there is another flag that is sometimes sighted on such public gatherings as Eid festivals, Pakistani/Indian Cricket Matches or political protests across Britain. 1 This is the official flag of the government of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. 'Azad Kashmir' is a part of the divided state of Jammu Kashmir. Its future is yet to be determined along with rest of the state. As explained below in detail, Azad Kashmir is administered by Pakistan but it is not part of Pakistan like Punjab, Sindh, Pakhtoon Khuwa and Baluchistan. However, as a result of the invasion of India and Pakistan to capture Kashmir in October 1947 and the subsequent involvement of United Nations, Pakistan is responsible for the development and service provision including passports for the people of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit Baltistan, another part of Kashmir that is not part of, but is controlled by, Pakistan. Under the same UN resolutions India is responsible for the Indian controlled part of Kashmir. In all parts of the divided Kashmir there are political movements of different intensity striving for greater rights and autonomy, self-rule and/or independence. The focus of this chapter, however, is primarily on Azad Kashmir, the home of nearly a million strong British Kashmiri community. -
Solutions to the Conflict in Kashmir
International ResearchScape Journal Volume 3 Article 5 2015 Solutions to the Conflict in Kashmir Nikolis Kurr Bowling Green State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/irj Part of the International and Area Studies Commons, International Relations Commons, and the South and Southeast Asian Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Kurr, Nikolis (2015) "Solutions to the Conflict in Kashmir," International ResearchScape Journal: Vol. 3 , Article 5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25035/irj.03.01.05 Available at: https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/irj/vol3/iss1/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at ScholarWorks@BGSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in International ResearchScape Journal by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@BGSU. Kurr: Solutions to the Conflict in Kashmir Kurr 1 Solutions to the Conflict in Kashmir Nikolis D. Kurr [email protected] Faculty Mentor: Dr. Neil Englehart hPublishedttp://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/irj by ScholarWorks@BGSU, 2015 International ResearchScape Journal, Vol. 3 [2015], Art. 5 Kurr 2 Solutions to the Conflict in Kashmir Nikolis Kurr Abstract This policy paper investigates the conflict between India and Pakistan over the region of Kashmir in order to weigh whether a political rather than military resolution can be found. Various proposals to resolve the conflict are examined and evaluated. On the one hand, the possibility of Kashmir’s autonomy is considered; on the other, the solution of joint governance or, as a third option, formal partition of Kashmir in an Indian and Pakistani territory are explored. The importance of resuming political talks between India and Pakistan represents a primary first goal in order to make any resolution possible. -
The US Media Coverage on India
Embassy of India Washington DC *** The US Media coverage on India Modi’s Kashmir Gambit Puts Pakistan in a Tough Spot Islamabad has little clout, what with its support for terrorism and an economy oneeighth India’s size. By Sadanand Dhume Aug. 8, 2019 6:01 pm ET: India's Modi Puts Pakistan in a Tough Position on Kashmir After India terminated the autonomy of Kashmir and Jammu, Pakistan reacted angrily to Prime Minister Modi's unilateral actions in the disputed territory. Image: Shutterstock One of Asia’s oldest disputes reached an inflection point this week as India suddenly terminated autonomy for Jammu and Kashmir, the Muslim-majority province claimed by both India and Pakistan. The long-term implications are unclear, but one thing appears obvious already: When it comes to the sevendecade-old Kashmir conflict, Pakistan has few cards left to play. Newly re-elected Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi fulfilled a longstanding campaign promise by ending a constitutional provision that gave Jammu and Kashmir extra autonomy from the federal government. India has divided the state into two—Muslim majority Jammu and Kashmir and Buddhist-majority Ladakh— both of which will be ruled directly by an official New Dehli appoints. At least in theory, all Indians will now be allowed to buy property and settle in either state, as well as attend universities and fill public-sector jobs long reserved for locals. Critics predict an upsurge in violence as disaffected Kashmiri Muslims, denied meaningful recourse at the ballot box by the state’s downgrade, take to the gun. They accuse the government of violating the rights of Kashmiris, flouting constitutional safeguards, and besmirching Indian democracy. -
Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir Jammu and Kashmir, commonly known as Kashmir, territory in the north-western part of the Indian subcontinent bounded on the north-west by Afghanistan, on the north-east by China, on the south by the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab, and on the west by the North-West Frontier and Punjab provinces of Pakistan. Kashmir has an area of about 222,236 sq km (85,806 sq mi). Both India and Pakistan claim all of Kashmir, but the territory has been partitioned between them since 1947. India controls the southern half of Kashmir, which it has organized as the state of Jammu and Kashmir. Before India's defeat in the 1962 Sino-Indian War, the state of Jammu and Kashmir also included the north-eastern section of the territory, which India still claims as part of Jammu and Kashmir State, but which has since been occupied by China as Aksai Chin. Pakistan controls the northern and western portion of Kashmir which is organized into three main regions: Azad (Free) Kashmir, occupying the crescent of land on the western border of Kashmir, between the state of Jammu and Kashmir on the east and Pakistan on the west; and Gilgit and Baltistan (the Northern Areas) located in the Karakorum Range in the far north-west. Azad Kashmir has a government protected and financed by Pakistan; Gilgit and Baltistan are notionally autonomous, but in practice are administered by political agents of the Pakistani government. The capital of the state of Jammu and Kashmir is Srinagar. The administrative centre of Azad Kashmir is Muzaffarabad; Gilgit town and Skardu are respectively the capitals of Gilgit and Baltistan. -
Pok JANUARY 2021
POK Volume 14 | Number 1 | January 2021 News Digest A MONTHLY NEWS DIGEST ON PAKISTAN OCCUPIED KASHMIR Political Developments Protests in AJK Batons, tear gas used to disperse teachers' procession in AJK PML-N issues white paper on 'rigging' in G-B polls UK MPs reject India's stance on Kashmir GB govt moves to hold Local Body polls after 13 years AJK president terms India a fascist, undemocratic state PML-N AJK vice president joins PTI Economic Developments AJK-DWP Reviews 5 Developmental Projects Costing Rs.4.6 Billion Govt to announce economic package for GB soon Govt affirms fulfilling pre-election-2016 promises in Azad Kashmir: AJK PM Farooq Diamer people protest denial of jobs in power project CBR seeks Withdrawal of amended SRO 96 (I) 2021 by FBR in AJK Urdu Media Ghazwat-ul-Hind The issue of unemployment needs to be addressed Gilgit-Baltistan should get rights of a province Constitutional rights of Gilgit-Baltistan should not be delayed “Goal of Kashmiris is Pakistan and will remain so” No. 1, Development Enclave, Rao Tula Ram Marg New Delhi-110 010 Jammu & Kashmir (Source: GIS Section MP-IDSA) In this Edition This issue of PoK digest contains the protest in AJK against food inflation that affects the common people and government’s apathetic attitude towards the issue. There was also protest by the teachers against the arrest of a colleague and the police used baton and tear gas to disperse them. The rigging of election in GB was flagged by the PML-N. Rather than addressing the issue, the government is going ahead with the local elections in GB which is going to be held after thirteen years. -
Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (Pok), Referred As ‘Azad Kashmir’ and ‘Gilgit-Baltistan’ by the Government of Pakistan
POK NEWS DIGEST A MONTHLY NEWS DIGEST ON PAKISTAN OCCUPIED KASHMIR Volume 3 Number 2 February 2010 • Commentary Leadership Crisis in Gilgit-Baltistan - Senge Hasnan Sering • Political Developments 10 Killed, 81 Hurt in Muzaffarabad Blast, PM Announces Aid for Muzaffarabad Blast Victims 10 Injured as Bomb Explodes While Being Diffused in PoK Army to Train AJK Police in Fighting Terrorism KNP Concerned Over Growing Extremism PAK • Economic Developments AJK Council’s Indecision Costs Govt Rs11m BISP to End Quota System in Gilgit-Baltistan: Farzana Raja LoC Trade Resumes Following Assurance • International Developments Pakistan Senators Delegation Visits Kashmir Centre Brussels Indonesia Willing to Invest in Gilgit-Baltistan Compiled & Edited Agriculture Sector by • Other Developments Dr Priyanka Singh Work on Diamer-Bhasha Dam to Begin this Year Mangla Dam Raising Project Opening Protested INSTITUTE FOR DEFENCE STUDIES AND ANALYSES No. 1, Development Enclave, Rao Tula Ram Marg February 2010 New Delhi-110 010 1 Jammu & Kashmir (Source: Based on the Survey of India Map, Govt of India 2000 ) A Monthly Newsletter on Pakistan Occupied Kashmir 2 About this Issue The suicide bomb attack in Muzaffarabad on January 6 has raised serious concerns amongst people in PoK which otherwise is a peaceful region. The spate of such attacks has been continuously hitting PoK ever since June 2009 attack in which an army base was targeted. Even though some groups have claimed responsibility of the attack, it is unclear as to who is behind these violent incidents. Militant training camps are operative in PoK for long; however bomb attacks in PoK is comparatively a new development. -
A Critical Study of Primary Education Situation in Ajk State
ISSN: 1300 – 915X IOJPE www.iojpe.org International Online Journal of Primary Education 2016, volume 5, issue 1 A CRITICAL STUDY OF PRIMARY EDUCATION SITUATION IN AJK STATE Muhammad Sabil FAROOQ Department of Sociology, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, P.R. China 300071 [email protected] Dr. Yuan Tong KAI PhD Professor Department of Sociology Nankai University Tianjin, P.R China [email protected] Abstract AJK (Azad Jammu & Kashmir) government is a small administrative unit under overall sovereignty of Pakistan. It has a total area of 13297 sq kilometers with a population of about 3.8 million. This study critically examines the problems of primary education system in AJK State specifically in govt. primary schools in Pakistan administrative Kashmir, a part of former princely state called Azad Jammu & Kashmir. For this purpose a significant review of on hand literature was passed out. On the basis of deeper and critical investigation into the literature, the study found that primary education is the most neglected, poorly financed and poorly managed. There is political interference in the system which breeds corruption, favoritism and nepotism. The system of supervision is weak and traditionally characterized having no effective mechanism for teacher training with poor system of accountability, teachers are underpaid and successive educational policies have failed to bring any positive changes in the system due to poor implementation. The curriculum of the primary education is outdated. Assessment is based on the memory of the students rather than their performance. On the basis of this study it is recommended that the problems can be solved by robust system of accountability, eradication of corruption, quality assessment system, non political interference, and quality curriculum and teachers motivation. -
Political Consciousness of the Muslims in Jammu and Kashmir State 1846-1947
Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan Volume No. 56, Issue No. 1 (January - June, 2019) Raja Nazakat Ali * Afaq Ahmed Khan** Asghar Iqbal*** Political Consciousness of the Muslims in Jammu and Kashmir State 1846-1947 Abstract The history of nationalism and political consciousness in the Jammu and Kashmir (J&K State has a great importance. Political activism and freedom struggle in the J&K state had passed through various vicissitudes immediate after the foundation of Dogra Rule. The Dogra rule started in 1846 and ended in 1947. Kashmiri Muslims have seen have seen worst type exploitations and oppression during this rule. The present paper aims at discussing the Dogra rule and unjust behavior of rulers and their authorities with Muslim subject. It is followed by the aspirations of Muslim community and subsequent political, social and religious activism. The paper also discusses the formation of socio-political organizations, which tried to safeguard and secured the political, economic and social rights and interests of concerned community. Key Words: J&K, Muslims, Social Reform Organizations, Political Consciousness, Muslim Conference. Introduction: Dogra Dynasty in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K1) was an out-come of the Treaty of Amritsar, inked on 16 March 1846 between the Britishers of subcontinent and Maharaja Gulab Singh). The Dogra Maharaja Gulab Singh made payment of 7.5 million Nankshahi to the British Government to get the area the area between River Ravi and River Indus2. Gubab Singh’s rule was unfair and unpopular to the Muslims of Kashmir, which dissatisfied the majority of population. The J&K was a Muslim majority state having 77% Muslim population.3 They raised their voices against inequities between Hindus and Muslims, and poor quality of education, less employment prospects and corruption and bad governing system. -
POK May 2011
PPOOKK NNEEWWSS DDIIGGEESSTT A MONTHLY NEWS DIGEST ON PAKISTAN OCCUPIED KASHMIR Volume 4 Number 5 May 2011 Political Developments Empowerment of Gilgit Baltistan to Ensure Public Well-Being: Gilani Gilani Administers Oath to Four Members of AJK Council We will Protest Against Pakistan for Illegally Usurping Gilgit Baltistan: Dr Shabir Choudhry Middle East Like Situation in Pakistan-Controlled Gilgit Baltistan Begs Immediate International Attention Economic Developments Govt Releases Rs53m for AJK Plan to Boost Agri Sector of AJK Rs. 4.5 bln for Mangla Dam Raising Project and Compensation to be Released Soon International Developments US Pledges 500 Million Dollars for Pak's Diamer- Bhasha Dam China to Build $1.2 Billion Hydropower Project of 720MW Compiled & Edited Other Developments by Dr Priyanka Singh People Suffer as KKH Blockade Continues Call to Boost Tourism in AJK INSTITUTE FOR DEFENCE STUDIES AND ANALYSES No. 1, Development Enclave, Rao Tula Ram Marg New Delhi-110 010 Jammu & Kashmir (Source: Based on the Survey of India Map, Govt of India 2000 ) In this Edition A very significant development captured in one of the reports in this issue, especially from the point of India, is US having committed to fund the controversial Diamer Bhasha dam. The construction of the said dam has ever since been embroiled in problems owing several pertinent concerning the local population- problems of inundation of agricultural land, submergence of archaeological sites and the construction site being situated in a high risk seismic zone. In July 2010, the World Bank refused to fund the dam citing the territory is claimed by India.