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Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society JOURNAL OF THE BOMBAY NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY AUGUST 2009 VOL 106 (2) . JOURNAL OF THE BOMBAY NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY Hornbill House, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Marg, Mumbai 400 001 Executive Editor Asad R. Rahmani, Ph. D. Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai Copy and Production Editor Vibhuti Dedhia, M. Sc. Editorial Board Ajith Kumar, Ph. D. Aasheesh Pittie, B. Com. National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bird Watchers Society of Andhra Pradesh, GKVK Campus, Hebbal, Bengaluru Hyderabad C.R. Babu, Ph. D. G.S. Rawat, Ph. D. Professor, Centre for Environmental Management Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun of Degraded Ecosystems, University of Delhi, New Delhi K. Rema Devi, Ph. D. M.K. Chandrashekaran, Ph. D., D. Sc. Zoological Survey of India, Chennai Professor, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru J.S. Singh, Ph. D. Professor, Banaras Hindu University Anwaruddin Choudhury, Ph. D., D. Sc. Varanasi The Rhino Foundation for Nature, Guwahati S. Subramanya, Ph. D. Indraneil Das, D. Phil. University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation, Hebbal, Bengaluru Universiti Malaysia, Sarawak, Malaysia R. Sukumar, Ph. D. Y.V. Jhala, Ph. D. Professor, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru K. Ullas Karanth, Ph. D. Whitaker, Sc. Wildlife Conservation Society - India Program, Romulus B Bengaluru, Karnataka Madras Reptile Park and Crocodile Bank Trust, Tamil Nadu T.C. Narendran, Ph. D., D. Sc. S.R. Yadav, Ph. D. Professor, Department of Zoology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur University of Calicut, Kerala Senior Consultant Editor J.C. Daniel, M. Sc. Consultant Editors Raghunandan Chundawat, Ph. D Wildlife Conservation Society, Bengaluru Nigel Collar, Ph. D. BirdLife International, UK Rhys Green, Ph. D. Royal Society for Protection of Birds, UK Qamar Qureshi, M. Phil. Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun T.J. Roberts, Ph. D. World Wildlife Fund - Pakistan Rachel Reuben, Ph. D. Mumbai Editorial Assistant: Sonali V. Vadhavkar, M. Sc. Layout and Typesetting: V. Gopi Naidu © Bombay Natural History Society 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS). Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be addressed to the Honorary Secretary, BNHS at the address given above. I VOLUME 106(2): AUGUST 2009 CONTENTS EDITORIAL 133 ON THE DIURNAL ADVERTISEMENT CALL FREQUENCY OF HEMIDACTYLUS FRENATUS WITH ADDITIONAL REMARKS ON THE DISTRESS CALL AND CHURR CALL Dieter Gramentz 135 EARLY STAGES OF THE TRAVANCORE EVENING BROWN PARANTIRRHOEA MARSHALL WOOD-MASON (SATYRINAE, NYMPHALIDAE, LEPIDOPTERA), AN ENDEMIC BUTTERFLY FROM THE SOUTHERN WESTERN GHATS, INDIA S. Kalesh and Satya Krishna Prakash 142 A NEW REPORT OF CEPHRENES ACALLE HOPFFER (LEPIDOPTERA: HESPERIIDAE) FROM SOUTHERN WESTERN GHATS, WITH NOTES ON ITS NATURAL HISTORY AND IMMATURE STAGES S. Kalesh and Satya Krishna Prakash 149 FAUNAL DIVERSITY OF CLADOCERA (CRUSTACEA: BRANCH IOPODA) OF LOKTAK LAKE (A RAMSAR SITE), MANIPUR (N.E. INDIA) B.K. Sharma and Sumita Sharma 156 OPISTHOBRANCH FAUNA OF LAKSHADWEEP ISLANDS, INDIA, WITH 52 NEW RECORDS TO LAKSHADWEEP AND 40 NEW RECORDS TO INDIA: PART 1 Deepak Apte 162 BREEDING ECOLOGY AND NEST-SITE SELECTION OF YELLOW-BROWED BULBUL IOLE INDICA IN WESTERN GHATS, INDIA P. Balakrishnan 176 DIVERSITY OF SPIDERS IN GROUNDNUT CROP FIELDS IN VILLAGE AREA OF SAURASHTRA REGION Varsha Trivedi 184 DISCOVERY OF A BREEDING GROUND OF THE GREATER ADJUTANT LEPTOPTILOS DUBIUS AND THEIR CONSERVATION IN THE FLOODPLAINS OF BIHAR, INDIA Arvind Mishra and Jai Nandan Mandal 190 NEW DESCRIPTION A NEW SPECIES OF BRACHYMERIA WESTWOOD (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDIDAE) ON RICE SKIPPER, PARNARA GUTTATA (LEPIDOPTERA: HESPERIIDAE) FROM SOUTH KASHMIR Md. Jamal Ahmad 198 REVIEW CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY OF RAJASTHAN (WITH EMPHASIS ON WILD FAUNA AND FLORA) Reviewed by Asad R. Rahmani 201 MISCELLANEOUS NOTES MAMMALS 5. Occurrence and breeding record of the Forest Owlet 1 . Interaction of the Pig-tailed Macaque Macaca nemestrina Heteroglaux blewitti from Yawal Wildlife Sanctuary, leonina with other primates in some forests of Assam Maharashtra, India in North-east India Rushikesh A. Chavan and Kishor D. Rithe 207 Anwaruddin Choudhury 202 6. Ultramarine Flycatcher Ficedula superciliaris in Kachchh, 2. Additional notes on the diet of Sloth Bear Melursus ursinus Gujarat in Mudumalai Tiger Reserve as shown by scat analysis J.K. Tiwari 208 T. Ramesh, K. Sankar and Qamar Qureshi 204 REPTILES BIRDS 7. New record of Brachysaura n?/nor(Hardwicke and Gray), 3. Mysterious characters recorded in Black-headed Ibis an Agamid Lizard from Orissa, India Threskiornis melanocephalus during breeding season Rina Chakraborty and Gouri Das Gupta 209 Rajesh C. Senma and Chirag A. Acharya 206 8. Observations on unusual foraging behaviour of 4. Sighting of Grey-headed Lapwing Vanettus cinereus Acanthodactytus cantoris Gunther, 1864, in Western (Blyth) in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India Kachchh, Gujarat, India R. Sreekar and Rudra Ram 207 Manojkumar Pardeshi, V. Vijay Kumar and Sanjay K. Das 209 9. First record of Protobothrops jerdonii xanthomelas OTHER INVERTEBRATES (Gunther, 1889) from Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary, India 13. A preliminary note on the Marine and Estuarine Molluscs Amod Zambre, Chintan Sheth, Shashank Dalvi and in and around Bahuda Estuary, Orissa, East Coast of India Nirmal Kulkarni 211 S.K. Pati, D. Mahapatro and R.C. Panigrahy 222 AMPHIBIANS BOTANY 10. Report on mass mortality of Frogs at Chiriya Wildlife Son 14. Crotalaria angulata Miller and Taxillus bracteatus (Wall.) Sanctuary, Gwalior, India Tieghem - new records to the Flora of Orissa Karthikeyan Vasudevan G. Prudhvi Raj and 213 C. Sudhakar Reddy, Chiranjibi Pattanaik and A.K. Biswal FISH 224 1 5. Hedychium flavescens Carey ex Roscoe - an addition 11. On a record of Badis badis (Hamilton) (Teleostei: to the Flora of Maharashtra State Perciformes: Badidae) from Tamil Nadu, India Nilesh V. Malpure and S.R. Yadav 225 J.D. Marcus Knight and K. Rema Devi 215 16. Some rare and endangered plant species of Gujarat, INSECTS India 12. Taxonomic studies on some species of Oxya Serville P S. Nagar, Sachin Sata and T.D. Pawar 226 (Orthoptera: Acrididae) of Kashmir Himalaya Cover Photograph: Chromodoris fidelis M. NayyarAzim and Shabir A. Reshi 216 By Deepak Apte ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We are grateful to the Ministry of Science and Technology, Govt of India, for enhanced financial support for the publication of the Journal. ii Editorial Mother Earth or Mother Water ” “Whiskey’s for drinking, water’s for fighting over — Mark Twain Though water covers more than 70 per cent of our A holistic river-basin approach, with conservation and sustainable-use in mind, should be developed blue planet, 97 per cent is salty and non-potable. Of the for all rivers at remaining three per cent, two percent is locked up in our and waterbodies. But looking the the snow and ice, leaving only one per cent as liquid surface result of the Ganga Action Plan, now renamed and ground water for use. We use two-third of this one National Ganga River Basin Authority, it appears that per cent to grow our food. we have a long way to go. During the last two decades, Decades of misuse, overuse, and pollution of water Rs. 36,000 crores have been spent on cleaning the the river is dirty ever. is a has left us with a deep water crises. If immediate steps Ganga, but as as There lack for water conservation are not taken, climate change of coordination between the irrigation, hydropower, will further aggravate this crises. Our water demands, rural development and environment ministries. Most and the millions of daily mutinies that we see in our importantly, there is lack of appreciation of the cities, towns and villages everyday over water, will ecological and environmental role of our rivers and keep growing, as human population adds by 83 million natural water-bodies. Unless we change our thinking, every year. As our country develops, water demands engineering solutions to ecological problems will not will grow. Water use rises with wealth and changes in save our water resources. life-style. For example, an American uses 100 gallons We have to decide whether we want engineering solution to our water crises - megadams, long canals of water daily, while in dry poor countries, it may be or pipelines, technology to extract depleting as low as 5 gallons. Forty-six per cent of individuals new - on our planet do get piped water up to their homes. In underground fossil water or, conservation approaches some countries, women have to walk up to 8-10 km which restore depleted reservoirs and aquifers, protect every day to fetch water. In many towns and villages aquatic ecosystems, stop pollution of rivers, covers of India, people have to survive on limited ‘tanker- catchment areas in natural vegetative, starts sustainable water’ as they have already polluted or depleted their rainwater harvest, and result in equitable and fair water sources. distribution of water for all communities, both human (plants Human civilization is closely linked to freshwater and non-humans and animals). We though require ecosystems. Cities, towns, villages, industries, thermal new technologies in agriculture (e.g. micro-sprinklers
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