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Investigating Interactions Between Phentermine, Dexfenfluramine, and 5-HT2C Agonists, on Food Intake in the Rat
Psychopharmacology DOI 10.1007/s00213-014-3829-2 ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION Investigating interactions between phentermine, dexfenfluramine, and 5-HT2C agonists, on food intake in the rat Andrew J. Grottick & Kevin Whelan & Erin K. Sanabria & Dominic P. Behan & Michael Morgan & Carleton Sage Received: 2 October 2014 /Accepted: 20 November 2014 # The Author(s) 2014. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Conclusions Dex-phen synergy in the rat is caused by a Rationale Synergistic or supra-additive interactions between pharmacokinetic interaction, resulting in increased central the anorectics (dex)fenfluramine and phentermine have been concentrations of phentermine. reported previously in the rat and in the clinic. Studies with 5- HT2C antagonists and 5-HT2C knockouts have demonstrated Keywords Synergy . BELVIQ® . Lorcaserin . Isobologram . dexfenfluramine hypophagia in the rodent to be mediated by Fen-phen actions at the 5-HT2C receptor. Given the recent FDA approv- al of the selective 5-HT2C agonist lorcaserin (BELVIQ®) for weight management, we investigated the interaction between Introduction phentermine and 5-HT2C agonists on food intake. Objectives This study aims to confirm dexfenfluramine- Fenfluramine (Pondimin) and dexfenfluramine (Redux) are phentermine (dex-phen) synergy in a rat food intake assay, anorectic agents which act to enhance serotonergic transmission to extend these findings to other 5-HT2C agonists, and to both through inhibition of 5-HT reuptake by the parent com- determine whether pharmacokinetic interactions could ex- pounds, and through their major circulating des-ethylated me- plain synergistic findings with particular drug combinations. tabolite, (dex)norfenfluramine, which is a 5-HT reuptake inhib- Methods Isobolographic analyses were performed in which itor, a 5-HT and noradrenaline releasing agent, and a potent phentermine was paired with either dexfenfluramine, the 5- agonist at postsynaptic 5-HT2 receptors (Curzon et al. -
Endogenous Metabolites: JHU NIMH Center Page 1
S. No. Amino Acids (AA) 24 L-Homocysteic acid 1 Glutaric acid 25 L-Kynurenine 2 Glycine 26 N-Acetyl-Aspartic acid 3 L-arginine 27 N-Acetyl-L-alanine 4 L-Aspartic acid 28 N-Acetyl-L-phenylalanine 5 L-Glutamine 29 N-Acetylneuraminic acid 6 L-Histidine 30 N-Methyl-L-lysine 7 L-Isoleucine 31 N-Methyl-L-proline 8 L-Leucine 32 NN-Dimethyl Arginine 9 L-Lysine 33 Norepinephrine 10 L-Methionine 34 Phenylacetyl-L-glutamine 11 L-Phenylalanine 35 Pyroglutamic acid 12 L-Proline 36 Sarcosine 13 L-Serine 37 Serotonin 14 L-Tryptophan 38 Stachydrine 15 L-Tyrosine 39 Taurine 40 Urea S. No. AA Metabolites and Conjugates 1 1-Methyl-L-histidine S. No. Carnitine conjugates 2 2-Methyl-N-(4-Methylphenyl)alanine 1 Acetyl-L-carnitine 3 3-Methylindole 2 Butyrylcarnitine 4 3-Methyl-L-histidine 3 Decanoyl-L-carnitine 5 4-Aminohippuric acid 4 Isovalerylcarnitine 6 5-Hydroxylysine 5 Lauroyl-L-carnitine 7 5-Hydroxymethyluracil 6 L-Glutarylcarnitine 8 Alpha-Aspartyl-lysine 7 Linoleoylcarnitine 9 Argininosuccinic acid 8 L-Propionylcarnitine 10 Betaine 9 Myristoyl-L-carnitine 11 Betonicine 10 Octanoylcarnitine 12 Carnitine 11 Oleoyl-L-carnitine 13 Creatine 12 Palmitoyl-L-carnitine 14 Creatinine 13 Stearoyl-L-carnitine 15 Dimethylglycine 16 Dopamine S. No. Krebs Cycle 17 Epinephrine 1 Aconitate 18 Hippuric acid 2 Citrate 19 Homo-L-arginine 3 Ketoglutarate 20 Hydroxykynurenine 4 Malate 21 Indolelactic acid 5 Oxalo acetate 22 L-Alloisoleucine 6 Succinate 23 L-Citrulline 24 L-Cysteine-glutathione disulfide Semi-quantitative analysis of endogenous metabolites: JHU NIMH Center Page 1 25 L-Glutathione, reduced Table 1: Semi-quantitative analysis of endogenous molecules and their derivatives by Liquid Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (LC-TripleTOF “or” LC-QTRAP). -
(19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub
US 20130289061A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2013/0289061 A1 Bhide et al. (43) Pub. Date: Oct. 31, 2013 (54) METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS TO Publication Classi?cation PREVENT ADDICTION (51) Int. Cl. (71) Applicant: The General Hospital Corporation, A61K 31/485 (2006-01) Boston’ MA (Us) A61K 31/4458 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. (72) Inventors: Pradeep G. Bhide; Peabody, MA (US); CPC """"" " A61K31/485 (201301); ‘4161223011? Jmm‘“ Zhu’ Ansm’ MA. (Us); USPC ......... .. 514/282; 514/317; 514/654; 514/618; Thomas J. Spencer; Carhsle; MA (US); 514/279 Joseph Biederman; Brookline; MA (Us) (57) ABSTRACT Disclosed herein is a method of reducing or preventing the development of aversion to a CNS stimulant in a subject (21) App1_ NO_; 13/924,815 comprising; administering a therapeutic amount of the neu rological stimulant and administering an antagonist of the kappa opioid receptor; to thereby reduce or prevent the devel - . opment of aversion to the CNS stimulant in the subject. Also (22) Flled' Jun‘ 24’ 2013 disclosed is a method of reducing or preventing the develop ment of addiction to a CNS stimulant in a subj ect; comprising; _ _ administering the CNS stimulant and administering a mu Related U‘s‘ Apphcatlon Data opioid receptor antagonist to thereby reduce or prevent the (63) Continuation of application NO 13/389,959, ?led on development of addiction to the CNS stimulant in the subject. Apt 27’ 2012’ ?led as application NO_ PCT/US2010/ Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising 045486 on Aug' 13 2010' a central nervous system stimulant and an opioid receptor ’ antagonist. -
Reflections on Contagious Off-Label Use of Phentermine and Fenfluramine
University of Massachusetts Medical School eScholarship@UMMS Population and Quantitative Health Sciences Publications Population and Quantitative Health Sciences 2008 Weighing in 10 Years Later: Reflections on Contagious Off-Label Use of Phentermine and Fenfluramine Regina C. Grebla Brown University Et al. Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Follow this and additional works at: https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/qhs_pp Part of the Bioinformatics Commons, Biostatistics Commons, Epidemiology Commons, and the Health Services Research Commons Repository Citation Grebla RC, Waring ME. (2008). Weighing in 10 Years Later: Reflections on Contagious Off-Label Use of Phentermine and Fenfluramine. Population and Quantitative Health Sciences Publications. Retrieved from https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/qhs_pp/379 This material is brought to you by eScholarship@UMMS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Population and Quantitative Health Sciences Publications by an authorized administrator of eScholarship@UMMS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Looking Back, Learning Forward History doesn’t repeat itself -- at best it sometimes rhymes. Mark Twain Weighing in 10 years later: Reflections on Contagious off-label use of Phentermine and Fenfluramine Contributed by Regina C. Grebla, MGA, MPH PhD(c) Molly E. Waring AM PhD(c) Graduate students, Brown Medical School The piece for this edition of Scribe focuses on the phentermine and fenfluramine story. This edition comes to you from two students in my advanced pharmacoepidemiology course, shortened significantly to meet the needs of this column. I welcome contributions which stay true to the theme of reflecting and learning about past challenges in pharmacoepidemiology. Please forward ideas to : [email protected] . -
Health and Human Services Committee
HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES COMMITTEE MEETING AGENDA Date & Time of Meeting: Monday, August 26, 2019 at 4:00 p.m. Meeting Location: Courthouse Assembly Room (B105), 500 Forest Street, Wausau WI Health & Human Services Committee Members: Matt Bootz, Chair; Tim Buttke, Vice-chair, Bill Miller; Donna Krause, Mary Ann Crosby, Maynard Tremelling, Katie Rosenberg Marathon County Mission Statement: Marathon County Government serves people by leading, coordinating, and providing county, regional, and statewide initiatives. It directly or in cooperation with other public and private partners provides services and creates opportunities that make Marathon County and the surrounding area a preferred place to live, work, visit, and do business. (Last updated: 12-20-05) Health & Human Services Committee Mission Statement: Provide leadership for the implementation of the strategic plan, monitoring outcomes, reviewing and recommending to the County Board policies related to health and human services initiatives of Marathon County. 1. Call Meeting to Order 2. Public Comment (15 minute limit) 3. Approval of the July 22, 2019, Committee meeting minutes. 4. Policy Issues for Discussion and Possible Action: A. Referral from the Board of Health – Creation of a Workplace Naloxone Use Program 1) Policy Question – should the committee direct the County Administrator to develop a workplace Naloxone Use Program? 5. Operational Functions required by Statute, Ordinance, or Resolution: None 6. Educational Presentations/Outcome Monitoring Reports and Committee Discussion A. Marathon County 2018-2022 Strategic Plan – discussion with Board Vice-Chair 1) Review of Objectives where the committee has been designated at “lead committee” 2) What discussions has the committee had to move the objectives forward and what discussions should it have in the future? B. -
Recommended Methods for the Identification and Analysis Of
Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 500, 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: (+43-1) 26060-0, Fax: (+43-1) 26060-5866, www.unodc.org RECOMMENDED METHODS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF AMPHETAMINE, METHAMPHETAMINE AND THEIR RING-SUBSTITUTED ANALOGUES IN SEIZED MATERIALS (revised and updated) MANUAL FOR USE BY NATIONAL DRUG TESTING LABORATORIES Laboratory and Scientific Section United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Vienna RECOMMENDED METHODS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF AMPHETAMINE, METHAMPHETAMINE AND THEIR RING-SUBSTITUTED ANALOGUES IN SEIZED MATERIALS (revised and updated) MANUAL FOR USE BY NATIONAL DRUG TESTING LABORATORIES UNITED NATIONS New York, 2006 Note Mention of company names and commercial products does not imply the endorse- ment of the United Nations. This publication has not been formally edited. ST/NAR/34 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No. E.06.XI.1 ISBN 92-1-148208-9 Acknowledgements UNODC’s Laboratory and Scientific Section wishes to express its thanks to the experts who participated in the Consultative Meeting on “The Review of Methods for the Identification and Analysis of Amphetamine-type Stimulants (ATS) and Their Ring-substituted Analogues in Seized Material” for their contribution to the contents of this manual. Ms. Rosa Alis Rodríguez, Laboratorio de Drogas y Sanidad de Baleares, Palma de Mallorca, Spain Dr. Hans Bergkvist, SKL—National Laboratory of Forensic Science, Linköping, Sweden Ms. Warank Boonchuay, Division of Narcotics Analysis, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand Dr. Rainer Dahlenburg, Bundeskriminalamt/KT34, Wiesbaden, Germany Mr. Adrian V. Kemmenoe, The Forensic Science Service, Birmingham Laboratory, Birmingham, United Kingdom Dr. Tohru Kishi, National Research Institute of Police Science, Chiba, Japan Dr. -
New Drugs in Europe, 2012 Europe, in Drugs New
ISSN 1977-7841 New drugs in Europe, 2012 EMCDDA–Europol 2012 Annual Report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA 2012 New drugs in Europe, 2012 EMCDDA–Europol 2012 Annual Report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA In accordance with Article 10 of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA on the information exchange, risk assessment and control of new psychoactive substances Legal notice This publication of the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) is protected by copyright. The EMCDDA accepts no responsibility or liability for any consequences arising from the use of the data contained in this document. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the official opinions of the EMCDDA’s partners, the EU Member States or any institution or agency of the European Union or European Communities. A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu). Europe Direct is a service to help you find answersto your questions about the European Union. Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) Certain mobile telephone operators do not allow access to 00 800 numbers or these calls may be billed. Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2013 ISBN 978-92-9168-650-6 doi:10.2810/99367 © European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, 2013 Cais do Sodré, 1249-289 Lisbon, Portugal Tel. +351 211210200 • [email protected] • www.emcdda.europa.eu © Europol, 2013 Eisenhowerlaan 73, 2517 KK, The Hague, the Netherlands Tel. -
TURKEY MINISTRY of INTERIOR TURKISH NATIONAL POLICE Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime Department
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF INTERIOR TURKISH NATIONAL POLICE Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime Department 2014 NATIONAL REPORT (2013 data) TO THE EMCDDA by the Reitox National Focal Point TURKEY New Development, Trends and in-depth information on selected issues TURKISH MONITORING CENTRE FOR DRUGS AND DRUG ADDICTION (TUBİM) REITOX 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................... 2 TURKISH NATIONAL FOCAL POINT STAFF PREPARING THE REPORT ........................... 7 DATA PROVIDING AGENCIES AND AGENCY REPRESENTATIVES ................................... 8 PREFACE .............................................................................................................................. 11 ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................. 13 SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................. 15 NEW DEVELOPMENTS AND TRENDS ................................................................................ 29 SECTION 1 ............................................................................................................................ 29 DRUG POLICY: LAWS, STRATEGIES, AND ECONOMIC ANALYSES ............................... 29 1.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 29 1.2. Legal Framework -
Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions What are the requirements for license renewal? Licenses Expire Contact Hours Required Biennially on or before November 1 of the even or odd years. 30 How do I complete this course and receive my certificate of completion? Go to Pharmacy.EliteCME.com and follow the prompts. You will be able to print your certificate immediately upon completion of the course. How much will it cost? Cost of Courses Course Title Contact Hours Price Overview of Arizona Pharmacy Law - Mandatory 3 $12.00 Best Practices for Prescribing Opioids in Chronic Non-Cancer Pain 3 $12.00 Complications of Chronic Kidney Disease 2 $8.00 Diabetic Medications and Insulin Pump Therapies 6 $24.00 Drug Administration 2 $8.00 Law and Ethics: What the Pharmacy Professional Should Know 3 $12.00 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus: Prevention and Treatment 2 $8.00 Pain Management Awareness for Pharmacists 2 $8.00 Patient Safety and Medication Errors 3 $12.00 Pharmacist Responsibilities in the Management of Controlled Substances 1 $4.00 Shingles Disease Process and Vaccination for Pharmacists & Pharmacy Technicians 2 $8.00 Sterile Drug Preparation 1 $4.00 BEST VALUE SAVE $21.00 Entire 30-hour Course 30 $99.00 Are you an Arizona board-approved provider? State board’s rules/statutes state that any course approved by the Accreditation Council for Pharmaceutical Education (ACPE) is accepted. All of our courses are accredited by ACPE. Are my credit hours reported to the Arizona board? No. The board performs random audits at which time proof of continuing education must be provided. Your hours will be electronically reported to CPE Monitor within 10 business days. -
Application of High Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Screening and Confirmation of Novel Psychoactive Substances Joshua Zolton Seither [email protected]
Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 4-25-2018 Application of High Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Screening and Confirmation of Novel Psychoactive Substances Joshua Zolton Seither [email protected] DOI: 10.25148/etd.FIDC006565 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Part of the Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Seither, Joshua Zolton, "Application of High Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Screening and Confirmation of Novel Psychoactive Substances" (2018). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 3823. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3823 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida APPLICATION OF HIGH RESOLUTION MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR THE SCREENING AND CONFIRMATION OF NOVEL PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in CHEMISTRY by Joshua Zolton Seither 2018 To: Dean Michael R. Heithaus College of Arts, Sciences and Education This dissertation, written by Joshua Zolton Seither, and entitled Application of High- Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Screening and Confirmation of Novel Psychoactive Substances, having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. We have read this dissertation and recommend that it be approved. _______________________________________ Piero Gardinali _______________________________________ Bruce McCord _______________________________________ DeEtta Mills _______________________________________ Stanislaw Wnuk _______________________________________ Anthony DeCaprio, Major Professor Date of Defense: April 25, 2018 The dissertation of Joshua Zolton Seither is approved. -
Synergistic Interactions Between Fenfluramine and Phentermine
International Journal of Obesity (1999) 23, 723±732 ß 1999 Stockton Press All rights reserved 0307±0565/99 $12.00 http://www.stockton-press.co.uk/ijo Synergistic interactions between Fen¯uramine and Phentermine PJ Wellman1* and TJ Maher2 1Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4235, USA and 2Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 179 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA `Fen-phen' refers to the off-label combination of the appetite suppressants fen¯uramine and phentermine. The rationale for the fen-phen combination was that the two drugs exerted independent actions on brain satiety mechanisms so that it was possible to use lower doses of each drug and yet retain a common action on suppressing appetite while minimizing adverse drug effects. The focus of the present review is to consider whether fen¯uramine and phentermine exert actions that are additive in nature or whether these two drugs exhibit drug-drug synergism. The fen-phen combination results in synergism for the suppression of appetite and body weight, the reduction of brain serotonin levels, pulmonary vasoconstriction and valve disease. Fen-phen synergism may re¯ect changes in the pharmacokinetics of drug distribution, common actions on membrane ion currents, or interactions between neuronal release and reuptake mechanisms with MAO-mediated transmitter degradation. The synergism between fen¯uramine and phentermine highlights the need to more completely understand the pharmacology and neurochemistry of appetite suppressants prior to use in combination pharmacotherapy for the treatment of obesity. Keywords: monoamine oxidase inhibitors; serotonin; drug-drug interactions; isobologram Introduction lost during treatment with an appetite suppressant is quickly regained when the drug is terminated. -
Phentermine Patient Information
Phentermine Patient Information Who Is Phentermine For? Phentermine is a medication for chronic weight management. It is for people with overweight and weight-related complications or obesity. It is meant to be used together with a lifestyle therapy regimen involving a reduced calorie diet and increased physical activity. How Does Phentermine Work? Phentermine is an appetite suppressant that works in the brain. Who Should Not Take Phentermine? • People who have heart disease or uncontrolled hypertension • Women who are pregnant, nursing, or planning to become pregnant • People who have glaucoma • People with uncontrolled hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) • People who are taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) now or have taken one within the past 14 days • People who are prone to agitation (extreme restlessness and irritability) • People with a history of drug abuse How Is Phentermine Dosed? Take 1 tablet or capsule once a day before breakfast or 1-2 hours after breakfast. Phentermine is approved for short-term weight loss therapy. The usual duration of treatment is 12 weeks or less. Is Phentermine a Controlled Substance? Yes, phentermine is a federally controlled substance because it may be abused or lead to drug dependence. Some states only allow your doctor to prescribe one month at a time. Which Medications Might Not Be Safe to Use with Phentermine? Phentermine can affect how other medicines work in your body, and other medicines can affect how phentermine works or make side effects worse. Tell your doctor about all the medicines