Of Araceae (Zantedeschia Aethiopica (L.) Spreng)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Of Araceae (Zantedeschia Aethiopica (L.) Spreng) Ayala, Hurtado and Giraldo, 2014 First record of Anura (Dendropsophus columbianus -Anura: ... First record of Anura (Dendropsophus columbianus -Anura: Hylidae-) as floral visitors of Araceae (Zantedeschia aethiopica (L.) Spreng) Román Felipe Díaz-Ayala Grupo de ecología y diversidad de anfibios y reptiles Universidad de Caldas, AA 275 Colombia Email: [email protected] Luisa Fernanda Hurtado Grupo de ecología y diversidad de anfibios y reptiles Universidad de Caldas, AA 275 Colombia [email protected] Julio Andrés Sierra-Giraldo Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Recursos Fitogenéticos Herbario Universidad de Caldas (FAUC), AA 275 Colombia E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT KEY WORDS No amphibian has yet been reported Araceae, Amphibian, habitat use, plant- among the many interactions between animal interaction. Araceae and their flower visitors. This paper reports the possible use of the inflorescences of Zantedeschia aethiopica as a INTRODUCTION habitat for Dendropsophus columbianus, and The interactions Araceae – vertebrates are suggests that further exploration of this mainly documented for herbivorous kind of interaction would be of interest. mammals (Altricher et al., 2000; Hibert et al., 2013) or frugivorous animals such as bats, primates, marsupials or birds (Santori et al., 1995; Thoisy & Richard-Hansen 1997; Vieira & Izar, 1999; Galetti et al., 2000; Aroideana VOL 37E NO 1, 2014 4 Ayala, Hurtado and Giraldo, 2014 First record of Anura (Dendropsophus columbianus -Anura: ... Cockle, 2001). It appears that vertebrates 1997; Gibernau, 2011), but no observations are not associated with the pollination of have been published so far in the Araceae and in fact the pollinators and floral introduction zones. In Zantedeschia, the visitors of Araceae are almost exclusively spathe is usually persistent, and closed at the invertebrates (Gibernau, 2011; Chartier et bottom with the top of wide open making al., 2014), although there is one known case an obconic subcylindric tube, (Mayo et al., of vertebrates visiting and probably 1997). So the inflorescence represents a pollinating an aroid; Anthurium sanguineum by wide cone large enough for a copulation site hummingbirds (Kraemer & Schmitt, 1999). or shelter of certain anurans similar to what can be found in bromeliads. Here we Among the vertebrates, anurans are not present the first record of an Amphibian as particularly associated with Araceae, but in a floral visitor of Zantedeschia aethiopica, in Brazil, the only known case studied, the the Department of Risaralda, Colombia. frugivorous frog (Xenohyla truncata) eats berries of Anthurium harrisii, and they form Detail of the record the main source of fruits for this frog during its fruiting season from August to Observations were done during November December (Da Silva et al., 1989; Da Silva & 24th and December 3rd of 2013, at the de Britto-Pereira, 2006; Galindo-Uribe & Hacienda Lisbran located on the western Hoyos-Hoyos, 2007). These fruits represent flank of the Colombian Central Cordillera an important complement to the insect diet in the Department of Risaralda, between collected in water tanks and could represent 1750 to 2250 masl, at the Swiss village of La a source for particular defensive toxins such Florida, municipality of Pereira (4°44’20” N as saponins and calcium oxalate crystals in 75°35’23” W). The average annual the case of Anthurium (Da Silva & Britto- temperature is 16.8°C with an average Pereira, 2006). Many Aroid species are annual rainfall of 2638.5 mm (MAVD, known to be used as leafhangers by various 2010). The habitat in the living area is a species of anurans and thus be part of their lower montane wet forest bmh-MB habitat (Rojas-Morales et al., 2011; Escobar- (Holdridge, 1971). Three sightings were Lasso & Rojas-Morales, 2012). recorded of Dendropsophus colombianus a terrestrial frog, endemic to Colombia (Ruiz- Zantedeschia is a genus distributed mainly in Carranza et al., 1996), visiting inflorescences South Africa, but introduced in the of Zantedeschia aethiopica. Individuals of Z. Neotropics and well adapted to the new aethiopica were located within 5 m of a water environments. They grow close to water body. bodies. In its natural habitat, its main floral visitors and pollinators are beetles of the The first sighting was on November 25th families Scarabaeidae and Scydmaenidae 2013 at 23:20 h. A male individual was (Letty, 1973; Singh et al., 1996; Mayo et al., Aroideana VOL 37E NO 1, 2014 5 Ayala, Hurtado and Giraldo, 2014 First record of Anura (Dendropsophus columbianus -Anura: ... Figures 1-2. The first sighting. -1. A male of D. Colombianus within the inflorescence of Z. aethiopica. Inside the white circle, at the bottom of the floor is a female possibly conspecific. -2. Detail of the male frog inside the inflorescence. Aroideana VOL 37E NO 1, 2014 6 Ayala, Hurtado and Giraldo, 2014 First record of Anura (Dendropsophus columbianus -Anura: ... Figures 3-6. Detail of the third sighting. -3. Individual of D. colombianus coming out of the young infructescence. -4. Location at the top of the young infructescence. -5. Slippage on the spathe. -6. Slippage on the outside of the young infructescence. Aroideana VOL 37E NO 1, 2014 7 Ayala, Hurtado and Giraldo, 2014 First record of Anura (Dendropsophus columbianus -Anura: ... vocalizing at a height of 114.3 cm, and affect reproduction during the day. The nearby on the basal leaves of the same inflorescences occupied by frogs were plant, a female individual was observed that pollinated, as indicated by the swelling of could be by its size a female of D. the base of spadix (ovaries) and the colombianus (Figures 1, 2). The second surrounding spathe and by wilting of the observation took place on November 31st upper parts (male flowers, flagging of the 2013 at 20:00 h, the same individual of D. spathe), which in Araceae is indicative of colombianus was found vocalizing and flower fertilization (Garcia-Robledo et al., perched on the same spathe of Z. aethiopica. 2005). The third sighting was on December 1st 2013 at 23:40 h, the individual of D. We think that since Zantedeschia aethiopica is colombianus was on the outside of a young an introduced species in the Neotropics, it maturing infructescence. This individual was may well be displacing other native aroids, observed to leave the inflorescence and later but may now allow other types of to slide down along the peduncle interaction with animals (Amphibious) that (Figures 3–6). were not possible in many native aroids due to the shape of the inflorescence. We We present here the first record of an recognize that this represents a small anuran making more than one visit to number of observations, but they were inflorescences of an Araceae. Our consistent enough to suggest that further observations appear to indicate that the frog field work is needed to study the frequency D. colombianus uses the inflorescence of Z. and the outcomes of this new and original aethiopica as a resource location for interaction between D. colombianus and Z. vocalization, copulation and maybe feeding. aethiopica in Colombia. Even more important This terrestrial frog has found in the would be to find a similar interaction inflorescence of Z. aethiopica a limited space involving an aroid native to the area. This in which to shelter but also easy to access could then lead to investigating an evolved from the ground and which offers an pathway, which could scarcely be possible elevated singing site., It is an advantage for when the plant component is a recent the males of D. colombianus to sing from introduction like the Zantedeschia. some height since their calls can be heard from a longer distance (Wells & Schwartz, 1982). Spending long periods of time within ACKNOWLEDGMENTS the inflorescence, the frogs might influence The authors thank Marc Gibernau by his the night reproduction of Z. aethiopica valuable observations, comments and positively by achieving potential pollination corrections to the manuscript. We are or negatively by feeding on visiting insects. grateful to Dora for her kindness in the It’s not known if the frogs stay within the field and also to the Universidad de Caldas inflorescence during the day and could Aroideana VOL 37E NO 1, 2014 8 Ayala, Hurtado and Giraldo, 2014 First record of Anura (Dendropsophus columbianus -Anura: ... for allowing this trip to the Hacienda (Lissamphibia: Anura: Hylidae). J. Lisbran. Zoology. 270. 692–698. Escobar-Lasso, S & J. A. Rojas-Morales. LITERATURE 2012. Antipredatory behaviors of the Altricher, M., J. Saenz., E. Carrillo & T. Colombian endemic glass frog Fuller. 2000. Dieta estacional del Centrolene savage (Anura: Centrolenidae). Tayassu pecari (Artiodactyla: Boletín Científico Museo de Historia Tayassuidae) en el parque nacional Natural Universidad de Caldas. 16 (1): Corcovado, Costa Rica. Revista de 226– 232. Biologia Tropical. 48: 689–702. Galetti, M., R. Laps & M.A. Pizo. 2000. Chartier M., M. Gibernau & S. Renner. Frugivory by Toucans 2014. The evolution of (Ramphastidae) at two altitudes in pollinator/plantinteraction types in the Atlantic forest of Brazil. the Araceae. Evolution: doi: Biotropica. 32: 842–850. 10.1111 /evo.12318. 1–11. Galindo-Uribe, D & J.M. Hoyos-Hoyos. Cockle, A. 2001. The dispersal and 2007. Relaciones Planta - recruitment of Cyclanthaceae and Herpetofauna: nuevas Philodendron (Araceae) understorey perspectivas para la investigación en root-climbing vines. In: Dans Colombia. Revista de la Facultad de Bongers et al., Nouragues. Dynamics Ciencias Edición especial. 12: 9–34. and plant-animal interactions in a neotropical rainforest. Kluwer García–Robledo, C., P. Quintero-Marín & F. Academic Publishers, Pays-Bas. Mora-Kepfer. 2005. Geographic 251–263. Variation and Succession of Arthropod Communities in Da Silva, H. R., M.C. de Britto-Pereira & Inflorescences and Infructescences of U. Caramaschi. 1989. Frugivory and Xanthosoma (Araceae). Biotropica. 37: seed dispersal by Hyla truncata, a 650–656. Neotropical tree frog. Copeia. 3: 781–783. Gibernau, M. 2011. Pollinators and visitors of aroid inflorescences: an addendum Da Silva, H.R & M.C.
Recommended publications
  • Size Variations of Flowering Characters in Arum Italicum (Araceae)
    M. GIBERNAU,]. ALBRE, 2008 101 Size Variations of Flowering Characters in Arum italicum (Araceae) Marc Gibernau· and Jerome Albre Universite Paul Sabatier Laboratoire d'Evolution & Diversite Biologique (UMR 5174) Bat.4R3-B2 31062 Toulouse cedex 9 France *e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION In Arum, bigger individuals should An extreme form of flowering character proportionally invest more in the female variations according to the size is gender function (number or weight of female modification, which occurs in several flowers) than the male. The aim of this species of Arisaema (Clay, 1993). Individ­ paper is to quantify variations in repro­ ual plant gender changes from pure male, ductive characters (size of the spadix when small, to monoecious (A. dracon­ parts, number of inflorescences) in rela­ tium) or pure female (A. ringens) when tion to plant and inflorescence sizes. The large (Gusman & Gusman, 2003). This appendix represents 44% of the spadix gender change is reversible, damaged length. The female zone length represents female individuals will flower as male the 16.5% of the spadix length and is much following year (Lovett Doust & Cavers, longer than the male zone (6%). Moreover 1982). These changes are related to change these three spadix zones increase with in plant size and are explained by the plant vigour indicating an increasing size-advantage model. The size-advantage investment into reproduction and pollina­ model postulates a sex change when an tor attraction. It appears that the length of increase in body size is related to differen­ appendix increased proportionally more tial abilities to produce or sire offspring than the lengths of the fertile zones.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of Pollinator–Plant Interaction Types in the Araceae
    BRIEF COMMUNICATION doi:10.1111/evo.12318 THE EVOLUTION OF POLLINATOR–PLANT INTERACTION TYPES IN THE ARACEAE Marion Chartier,1,2 Marc Gibernau,3 and Susanne S. Renner4 1Department of Structural and Functional Botany, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria 2E-mail: [email protected] 3Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Ecologie des Foretsˆ de Guyane, 97379 Kourou, France 4Department of Biology, University of Munich, 80638 Munich, Germany Received August 6, 2013 Accepted November 17, 2013 Most plant–pollinator interactions are mutualistic, involving rewards provided by flowers or inflorescences to pollinators. An- tagonistic plant–pollinator interactions, in which flowers offer no rewards, are rare and concentrated in a few families including Araceae. In the latter, they involve trapping of pollinators, which are released loaded with pollen but unrewarded. To understand the evolution of such systems, we compiled data on the pollinators and types of interactions, and coded 21 characters, including interaction type, pollinator order, and 19 floral traits. A phylogenetic framework comes from a matrix of plastid and new nuclear DNA sequences for 135 species from 119 genera (5342 nucleotides). The ancestral pollination interaction in Araceae was recon- structed as probably rewarding albeit with low confidence because information is available for only 56 of the 120–130 genera. Bayesian stochastic trait mapping showed that spadix zonation, presence of an appendix, and flower sexuality were correlated with pollination interaction type. In the Araceae, having unisexual flowers appears to have provided the morphological precon- dition for the evolution of traps. Compared with the frequency of shifts between deceptive and rewarding pollination systems in orchids, our results indicate less lability in the Araceae, probably because of morphologically and sexually more specialized inflorescences.
    [Show full text]
  • Full of Beans: a Study on the Alignment of Two Flowering Plants Classification Systems
    Full of beans: a study on the alignment of two flowering plants classification systems Yi-Yun Cheng and Bertram Ludäscher School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA {yiyunyc2,ludaesch}@illinois.edu Abstract. Advancements in technologies such as DNA analysis have given rise to new ways in organizing organisms in biodiversity classification systems. In this paper, we examine the feasibility of aligning two classification systems for flowering plants using a logic-based, Region Connection Calculus (RCC-5) ap- proach. The older “Cronquist system” (1981) classifies plants using their mor- phological features, while the more recent Angiosperm Phylogeny Group IV (APG IV) (2016) system classifies based on many new methods including ge- nome-level analysis. In our approach, we align pairwise concepts X and Y from two taxonomies using five basic set relations: congruence (X=Y), inclusion (X>Y), inverse inclusion (X<Y), overlap (X><Y), and disjointness (X!Y). With some of the RCC-5 relationships among the Fabaceae family (beans family) and the Sapindaceae family (maple family) uncertain, we anticipate that the merging of the two classification systems will lead to numerous merged solutions, so- called possible worlds. Our research demonstrates how logic-based alignment with ambiguities can lead to multiple merged solutions, which would not have been feasible when aligning taxonomies, classifications, or other knowledge or- ganization systems (KOS) manually. We believe that this work can introduce a novel approach for aligning KOS, where merged possible worlds can serve as a minimum viable product for engaging domain experts in the loop. Keywords: taxonomy alignment, KOS alignment, interoperability 1 Introduction With the advent of large-scale technologies and datasets, it has become increasingly difficult to organize information using a stable unitary classification scheme over time.
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plant Families of the United States Grouped by Diagnostic Features
    Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 12-6-2019 Vascular Plant Families of the United States Grouped by Diagnostic Features James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "Vascular Plant Families of the United States Grouped by Diagnostic Features" (2019). Botanical Studies. 96. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/96 This Flora of the United States and North America is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLOWERING PLANT FAMILIES OF THE UNITED STATES GROUPED BY DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES James P. Smith, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State University Second edition — 6 December 2019 The focus is on families of plants found in the conterminous United States, including ornamentals. The listing of a family is not meant to imply that every species has that feature. I am using a fewfamily names, such as Liliaceae, Plantaginaceae, and Scrophulariaceae, in the traditional sense, because their limits remain unsettled. Parasitic on branches Dioscoreaceae
    [Show full text]
  • Field Identification of the 50 Most Common Plant Families in Temperate Regions
    Field identification of the 50 most common plant families in temperate regions (including agricultural, horticultural, and wild species) by Lena Struwe [email protected] © 2016, All rights reserved. Note: Listed characteristics are the most common characteristics; there might be exceptions in rare or tropical species. This compendium is available for free download without cost for non- commercial uses at http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~struwe/. The author welcomes updates and corrections. 1 Overall phylogeny – living land plants Bryophytes Mosses, liverworts, hornworts Lycophytes Clubmosses, etc. Ferns and Fern Allies Ferns, horsetails, moonworts, etc. Gymnosperms Conifers, pines, cycads and cedars, etc. Magnoliids Monocots Fabids Ranunculales Rosids Malvids Caryophyllales Ericales Lamiids The treatment for flowering plants follows the APG IV (2016) Campanulids classification. Not all branches are shown. © Lena Struwe 2016, All rights reserved. 2 Included families (alphabetical list): Amaranthaceae Geraniaceae Amaryllidaceae Iridaceae Anacardiaceae Juglandaceae Apiaceae Juncaceae Apocynaceae Lamiaceae Araceae Lauraceae Araliaceae Liliaceae Asphodelaceae Magnoliaceae Asteraceae Malvaceae Betulaceae Moraceae Boraginaceae Myrtaceae Brassicaceae Oleaceae Bromeliaceae Orchidaceae Cactaceae Orobanchaceae Campanulaceae Pinaceae Caprifoliaceae Plantaginaceae Caryophyllaceae Poaceae Convolvulaceae Polygonaceae Cucurbitaceae Ranunculaceae Cupressaceae Rosaceae Cyperaceae Rubiaceae Equisetaceae Rutaceae Ericaceae Salicaceae Euphorbiaceae Scrophulariaceae
    [Show full text]
  • Ridha El Mokni & Mohamed Hédi El Aouni Zantedeschia Aethiopica (Araceae) a New Species Naturalized in the Northwest of Tuni
    Fl. Medit. 22: 191-196 doi: 10.7320/FlMedit22.191 Version of Record published online on 28 December 2012 Ridha El Mokni & Mohamed Hédi El Aouni Zantedeschia aethiopica (Araceae) a new species naturalized in the Northwest of Tunisia Abstract El Mokni, R. & Hédi El Aouni, M.: Zantedeschia aethiopica (Araceae) a new species natural- ized in the Northwest of Tunisia. — Fl. Medit. 22: 191-196. 2012. — ISSN: 1120-4052 print- ed, 2240-4538 online. Zantedeschia aethiopica (L.) Spreng. (Araceae), originating from S Africa, was found natural- ized in many sites of the Kroumiria region (Northwest of Tunisia). This report represents the first record for the Tunisian flora. Distribution and ecological notes are also given. Key words:Alien flora, N Africa, aroid species. Introduction Zantedeschia Spreng. the classic white calla lily or arum lily is a genus of the Araceae Juss. It is an important ornament grown worldwide (Kuehny 2000; Snijder & al. 2004; Wright & al. 2005; Ni & al. 2009, 2010), with about eight species in two sections, all native to Africa (Letty 1973; Singh & al. 1996). The genus name Zantedeschia was given in honor to Giovanni Zantedeschi (1797-1873) (Fournier 1977), an Italian botanist, priest, physicist and professor. Diploid plants in all Zantedeschia Spreng. sp. pl. contain 32 chro- mosomes, 2n=2x=32 (Yao & al. 1994). This very attractive plant has been described in 1753, by Carl Linnaeus as Calla aethiopica and it has been commonly known as the calla lily ever since. In 1826, Sprengel transferred it to a new genus which he called Zantedeschia Spreng. (Letty 1973). The present work confirms the naturalization of Zantedeschia aethiopica and give an idea about its actual distribution within the Tunisian territory.
    [Show full text]
  • Araceae – Arum Family
    ARACEAE – ARUM FAMILY Plant: herbs (perennials) or rarely shrubs; erect, climbing, or prostrate Stem: sometimes sap milky, watery and may be pungent Root: tuberous or rhizomatous Leaves: simple or compound, basal but arising from stem and forming a sheath, alternate, sword-shaped or broader, usually large, smooth, glossy, often net veined, ± fragrant when crushed Flowers: mostly unisexual (monoecious or dioecious), rarely perfect; sepals and petals (4-6 reduced tepals) but often absent or inconspicuous, large floral leaf or bract (spathe) surrounds spike-like stem (spadix) with many minute flowers; (2)4-6-8 stamens; ovary superior, 1 style or none, carpels 1 to many Fruit: usually a berry Other: worldwide but more abundant in tropics; Monocotyledons Group Genera: 110+ genera; locally Arisaema (Jack-in-the-pulpit), Calla (water arum), Orontium, Peltandra (arrow arum), Symplocarpus (skunk cabbage) WARNING – family descriptions are only a layman’s guide and should not be used as definitive Flower Morphology in the Araceae (Arum) Family Genus Symplocarpus Genus Arisaema Spathe Spadix Spadix (with tiny flower flowers) Spathe Skunk Cabbage Green Dragon Jack In The Pulpit Spathe – bract(s) that form below the inflorescence that often partially enclose the flower structure (spadix). Spadix – a thickened spike of usually densely crowded and small flowers ARACEAE – ARUM FAMILY Green Dragon [Dragon Arum]; Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott. [Woodland] Jack In The Pulpit [Indian Turnip]; Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott. Skunk-Cabbage; Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt. Green Dragon [Dragon Arum or Root] USDA Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott. Araceae (Arum Family) Oak Openings Metropark, Lucas County, Ohio Notes: flowers (no petals or sepals) yellowish, small, on very long spadix partially wrapped by spathe; leaves distinct in 5-15 ovate- lanceolate leaflets; fruit a red berry; late spring to early summer [V Max Brown, 2005] [Woodland] Jack In The Pulpit [Indian Turnip] USDA Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott.
    [Show full text]
  • Arecaceae the Palm Family
    ARECACEAE THE PALM FAMILY The Leaves are: • Parallel veined • Large • Compound • Alternate • Monocots Peach Palm (Bactris gasipaes) • Woody shrubs or trees comprising about 85 genera and 2,800 species • Leaves large, alternate, with a petiole, and palmately or pinnately compound, lacking stipules • Inflorescence is usually a panicle and is typically with one or more bracts or spathes • Flowers are actinomorphic, generally small, and are bisexual or more often unisexual. • Perianth usually consists of two whorls of 3 distinct or connate segments each, often distinguished primarily by size, the outer series or calyx being the smaller. • Androecium consists typically of 6 distinct stamens in two whorls of 3 each but sometimes comprises up to several hundred variously connate or adnate stamens. • Gynoecium is syncarpous or apocarpous. • Syncarpous forms consist of a single compound pistil of usually 3 carpels, 1 or 3 styles, and a superior ovary with 3 locules, each containing a single basal, axile, or apical ovule. • Apocarpous forms consist of usually 3 simple pistils, each with a superior ovary containing one locule with a single basal to apical ovule. • Fruit is usually a drupe. • Coconut (Cocos nucifera), Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera), Peach Palm (Bactris gasipaes) Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) CYCLANTHACEAE The Leaves are: • Parallel veined • Coming to the midrib • Simple or compound • Alternate • Monocots • Shrubs, or herbs Sphaeradenia alleniana • Stem contains watery or milky juice • Leaves alternate; spiral (usually), or distichous; with a petiole; sheathing; simple, or compound; when compound palmate and “palm-like” • Inflorescences terminal, or axillary; pedunculate, unbranched, long-cylindrical to subspherical spadices, with rather few to very numerous flowers; • Flowers small, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, lacking a peduncle • Perianth of ‘tepals’; 4; free, or joined • Androecium consists of 10-20 stamens • Gynoecium has 4 carpels, syncarpous, ovary is partly inferior, or inferior and 1- locular.
    [Show full text]
  • Leaf and Inflorescence Evidence for Near-Basal Araceae and an Unexpected Diversity of Other Monocots from the Late Early Cretaceous of Spain
    Journal of Systematic Palaeontology ISSN: 1477-2019 (Print) 1478-0941 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tjsp20 Leaf and inflorescence evidence for near-basal Araceae and an unexpected diversity of other monocots from the late Early Cretaceous of Spain Luis Miguel Sender, James A. Doyle, Garland R. Upchurch Jr, Uxue Villanueva- Amadoz & José B. Diez To cite this article: Luis Miguel Sender, James A. Doyle, Garland R. Upchurch Jr, Uxue Villanueva-Amadoz & José B. Diez (2018): Leaf and inflorescence evidence for near-basal Araceae and an unexpected diversity of other monocots from the late Early Cretaceous of Spain, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2018.1528999 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2018.1528999 View supplementary material Published online: 09 Nov 2018. Submit your article to this journal View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tjsp20 Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2018 Vol. 0, No. 0, 1–34, http://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2018.1528999 Leaf and inflorescence evidence for near-basal Araceae and an unexpected diversity of other monocots from the late Early Cretaceous of Spain aà b c d e Luis Miguel Sender , James A. Doyle , Garland R. Upchurch Jr , Uxue Villanueva-Amadoz and Jose B. Diez aDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan; bDepartment of Evolution and Ecology,
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution, Abundance and Taxonomic Status of Typhonium Species (Araceae) in the East Kimberley
    Distribution, abundance and taxonomic status of Typhonium species (Araceae) in the east Kimberley. Report pertaining to: $2000 BANKWEST LANDSCOPE CONSERVATION VISA CARD GRANT T.Handasyde, A.N.Start and C.Done CONTENTS Page BACKGROUND 1 AIMS 2 METHODS 2 RESULTS 3 DISCUSSION 13 CONCLUSIONS 14 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 14 EPILOGUE 14 REFERENCES 15 2 LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES Figure 1. Typhonium sp. ‘type 1’ as collected at Site 1 in 2001 (photocopy of 4 Herbarium specimen). Figure 2. Typhonium sp. ‘type 2’ as collected at Site 1 in 2001 (photocopy of 5 Herbarium specimen). Figure 3. Typhonium sp. ‘type 1’ as collected at Site 1 in 2001. 6 Figure 4. Typhonium sp. ‘type 1’ as collected at Site 1 in 2001. 6 Figure 5 Corms of Typhonium sp. (type 1) collected at Site 1 in 2001. 6 Figure 6. Ophioglossum costatum as collected on 09/01/2001 (photocopy of 7 Herbarium specimen). Figure 7. Site 2. Typhonium ‘Specimen 1’ was found close to the Bauhinia tree at 8 the right hand side of the photo. Figure 8. Site 1. Close up of location where Typhonium sp. was found 8 (as for Figure 9). Figure 9. Site 1. Location where Typhonium sp. was found (as for 8 Figure 8). Figure 10. Typhonium location Sites 1 and 2. Note black soil ‘fingers’ 9 as delineated for King Location 369 & 599 (Sherrard 1993). (Aerial photograph – DOLA 1999). Figure 11. ‘Mud Map’of Site 2 (location of Typhoniums found in 10 2003). King Location 369 & 599 (Sherrard 1993). Figure 12. Section of 1:100,000 topographic map (Royal Australian Survey Corps, 11 1991) with Typhonium collection Sites 1 and 2, and King Location 599 and 781 boundaries.
    [Show full text]
  • 2 ANGIOSPERM PHYLOGENY GROUP (APG) SYSTEM History Of
    ANGIOSPERM PHYLOGENY GROUP (APG) SYSTEM The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, or APG, refers to an informal international group of systematic botanists who came together to try to establish a consensus view of the taxonomy of flowering plants (angiosperms) that would reflect new knowledge about their relationships based upon phylogenetic studies. As of 2010, three incremental versions of a classification system have resulted from this collaboration (published in 1998, 2003 and 2009). An important motivation for the group was what they viewed as deficiencies in prior angiosperm classifications, which were not based on monophyletic groups (i.e. groups consisting of all the descendants of a common ancestor). APG publications are increasingly influential, with a number of major herbaria changing the arrangement of their collections to match the latest APG system. Angiosperm classification and the APG Until detailed genetic evidence became available, the classification of flowering plants (also known as angiosperms, Angiospermae, Anthophyta or Magnoliophyta) was based on their morphology (particularly that of the flower) and their biochemistry (what kinds of chemical compound they contained or produced). Classification systems were typically produced by an individual botanist or by a small group. The result was a large number of such systems (see List of systems of plant taxonomy). Different systems and their updates tended to be favoured in different countries; e.g. the Engler system in continental Europe; the Bentham & Hooker system in Britain (particularly influential because it was used by Kew); the Takhtajan system in the former Soviet Union and countries within its sphere of influence; and the Cronquist system in the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plant Families of the United States (With Common Names and Numerical Summary)
    Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 2-21-2020 Vascular Plant Families of the United States (with Common Names and Numerical Summary) James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "Vascular Plant Families of the United States (with Common Names and Numerical Summary)" (2020). Botanical Studies. 97. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/97 This Flora of the United States and North America is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. VASCULAR PLANT FAMILIES OF THE UNITED STATES (WITH COMMON NAMES AND NUMERICAL SUMMARY) James P. Smith Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State University Arcata, California 21 February 2020 There are four groups of vascular plants — lycophytes (often called fern allies), ferns, gymnosperms, and flowering plants (angiosperms). This inventory includes native plants, along with introduced weeds, crops, and ornamentals that are naturalized and that maintain themselves without our assistance. I have also included plants that have not been collected in recent years and may well be extinct or extirpated. The geographic coverage is the conterminous or contiguous United States, the region known more informally as the “lower 48.” Alaska, Hawai’i, Puerto Rico, and the U.
    [Show full text]