Chapter – 3 Description of Environment
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ALIVE AROMATICS Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No. 518, Village: AmRAJINA MUWADA, for Proposed Manufacturing Unit Taluka: DAHEGAM, District: GANDHINAGAR - 382305, Gujarat. CHAPTER – 3 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Preamble Preparation of EIA needs a datum on which the evaluation can be done. It is necessary to collect data about different environmental aspects that are likely to be affected due to the proposed industrial activity, which in turn defines an existing environmental quality to serve as the datum. Various environmental conditions exist in the area surrounding the project site, which are liable to be affected due to the project activities, have been assessed quantitatively as well as qualitatively. In order to assess the feasibility of the said project, a study related to the present environment condition has been carried out by generating the baseline data. 3.1.1 Objectives of Baseline Monitoring: To provide a description of the current status and trends of environmental factors (e.g., air pollutant concentrations, ground & surface water quality, land use, natural drainage pattern) of the study area against which predicted changes can be compared and evaluated in terms of significance, and Identify environmental conditions which might influence project design decisions (e.g., site layout, structural or operational characteristics); Identify sensitive issues or areas requiring mitigation or compensation; Provide input data to analytical models used for predicting effects; Provide baseline data against which the results of future monitoring programs can be compared. Major environmental parameters to be considered in study area are given below Table No. 3.1 baseline parameters: Table 3.1: Baseline Parameters Sr. Type of environment Scope of Study No. 1 Physical (Air, Water, Soil) Topography, geology, soil types, surface and ground water condition, pollution levels etc. 2 Biological Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, types flora and fauna 3 Environment Sensitive Environmental sensitive receptors 4 Socio‐economic Demography, development needs and potential, T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD Chapter-3: Description of Environment NABET Accredited 3.1 ALIVE AROMATICS Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No. 518, Village: AmRAJINA MUWADA, for Proposed Manufacturing Unit Taluka: DAHEGAM, District: GANDHINAGAR - 382305, Gujarat. Sr. Type of environment Scope of Study No. infrastructure facilities, economic activities etc. 5 Cultural Location and state of archeological, historical, religious site 3.1.2 Methodology of baseline study An effective methodology is important for baseline data collection and impact prediction to develop an efficient environment management plan. In this regard, it is important to understand the ground realities of the site and surrounding by the experts involved in preparation of EIA. Accordingly, a team of expert visited the existing project site as well as study area to understand the site surrounding and possible impacts from the activities of the proposed project. The EIA coordinators in consultation with the respective functional area experts had selected sampling locations as per the TORs prescribed by the SEAC/SEIAA. For the generation of baseline data, guidelines by CPCB as well as TORs issued by SEAC/SEIAA has been taken into consideration. Copy of ToRs and its compliance are provided at the beginning of this report. The details of the study period, frequency of sampling & method of environmental sampling & analysis are shown below in succeeding sections under respective titles. Primary Sources: Result of the field and laboratory data collected and analyzed directly Secondary sources: Data collected indirectly from published records or document such as project documents, village, Age profile, maps, photos, internet resources 3.1.3 Study area: To carry out EIA study and to generate baseline environmental data study area of 10 kms radial distance from project site has been selected. Base line data of Ambient Air Quality, Water sampling (surface and ground water), noise sample, land use, land cover, topography, ecology study, soil sample testing as well as data related to socio economic study was collected for study area of 10 kms. 3.1.4 Study Period: The baseline study was carried out in Winter Season during December 2018 to February 2019 by laboratory staff of T. R. Associates along with functional areas of respective fields and all the points/conditions of approved ToRs have been covered in the study. T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD Chapter-3: Description of Environment NABET Accredited 3.2 ALIVE AROMATICS Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No. 518, Village: AmRAJINA MUWADA, for Proposed Manufacturing Unit Taluka: DAHEGAM, District: GANDHINAGAR - 382305, Gujarat. 3.1.5 Sampling locations & monitoring frequency: Sampling location: For ambient air quality monitoring sample was collected from study area of 10 Kms radial distance from the proposed location. Location of ambient air quality monitoring stations is selected based on guidelines provided by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). Following information has been collected as suggested in the CPCB guideline before selecting monitoring location. Details of pollution sources and emissions, health status, demography, population growth, land use pattern were collected using available secondary data sources. From the metrological data collected predominant wind direction is identified which plays an important role in determining location of monitoring stations. Such prior information is used to identify the likely effects and in particular health impacts resulting from exposure to air pollutants. Number and distribution of Monitoring Locations: Information of emission sources and land use pattern is used along with wind rose data to determine areas of expected higher concentrations to locate monitoring station. The number of monitoring stations is selected based on background information collected and as per IS 5182 Part 14; 2000 (Recommended Minimum Number of stations, Population - Wise). In general the following conditions as suggested in CPCB guideline and WHO, 1977 is used for locating monitoring stations: 1. The site should be away from major pollution sources. The distance depends upon the source, its height and its emissions. The station should be at least 25 m away from domestic chimneys, especially if the chimneys are lower than the sampling point; with larger sources the distance should be greater (WHO,1977). 2. The site should be away from absorbing surfaces such as absorbing building material. The clearance to be allowed will depend on the absorbing properties of the material for the pollutant in question, but it will normally be at least 1 m. (WHO, 1977). Frequency of Monitoring: The frequency of environmental monitoring was determined considering the approved TOR issued by SEAC/SEIAA. The guidelines provided by MoEF&CC in online EIA Manual and T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD Chapter-3: Description of Environment NABET Accredited 3.3 ALIVE AROMATICS Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No. 518, Village: AmRAJINA MUWADA, for Proposed Manufacturing Unit Taluka: DAHEGAM, District: GANDHINAGAR - 382305, Gujarat. other guidelines provided by CPCB were also taken in to consideration while deciding the same. Frequency of environmental monitoring and method of sampling & analysis for various attributes considered for the study are illustrated in Table 3.2. Table 3.2: Frequency of Environmental Monitoring Sr. Attributes Monitoring Source / Location Frequency of Monitoring & No. Methodology 1 Secondary https://www.meteoblue.com / Once in a study period Meteorological en/weather/forecast/ modelclimate/ data dahegm_india_1273704 & Book “District groundwater Brochure – Gandhinagar District” by CGWB 2 Site Specific Automatic Weather Station installed at On hourly basis for 3 months study Micro – Project site period – December 2018 to Meteorological February 2019 Data (Primary Data) 3 Ambient Air 8 locations in core & buffer zone of the 24 hourly twice a week Quality project site Throughout the study period - December 2018 to February 2019 4 Noise 8 locations within core & buffer zone Once, Day & Night Time monitoring of study area for a week 5 Ground Water 8 locations in core & buffer zone of the Once in a study period project site 6 Surface Water 7 locations in core & buffer zone of the Once in a study period project site 7 Soil Quality 8 locations Once in a study period, Methodology: As per CPCB guidelines 8 Land use / Land Satellite Image Once in a season, Methodology: IRS Cover P6 LISS-III satellite image procured from NRSC, Hyderabad 9 Ecology & Primary survey within 5 km aerial Once in a study period, Biodiversity distance from the project site Methodology: Visual encounter Study 10 Socio – Economic Census of India – 2011 Once study 11 Geology, 10 km radius (aerial distance) from Once in a season, Methodology: Geohydrology the project site SRTM3, ERDAS Imagine & toposheet analysis using Q-GIS T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD Chapter-3: Description of Environment NABET Accredited 3.4 ALIVE AROMATICS Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No. 518, Village: AmRAJINA MUWADA, for Proposed Manufacturing Unit Taluka: DAHEGAM, District: GANDHINAGAR - 382305, Gujarat. 3.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT Dispersion of different air pollutants released into the atmosphere has significant impacts on the neighborhood air environment of an industrial project and it forms an important part of impact assessment studies.