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Management of Hemorrhoid Complications in Persian Medicine
http://www.cjmb.org Open Access Review Article Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences Vol. 7, No. 4, October 2020, 457–466 eISSN 2148-9696 Management of Hemorrhoid Complications in Persian Medicine Khadijeh Hatami1, Amir-Hooman Kazemi-Motlagh1, Hossein Ajdarkosh2, Arman Zargaran1, Mehrdad Karimi1, Ali-Asghar Haeri Mehrizi3, Hoorieh Mohammadi Kenari4 Abstract Objectives: Hemorrhoid disease has been a common medical problem since ancient times. About 5%-10% of patients do not respond to conservative treatment, and surgical procedures have a 20%-25% complication rate including pain, stenosis, infection, incontinence, and the like. Thus, most patients and physicians seek alternative and complementary medicines. Persian medicine (PM) is one of the oldest traditional medicines that present different treatment methods for managing hemorrhoid complications. Accordingly, the present study reviewed these methods and their applications. Methods: This historical review surveyed the principle of management and different medicinal and non-medicinal treatments for each complication of hemorrhoid based on the main textbooks of disease-treatment and famous pharmacopoeias of PM from 10th to 18th century AD. Recent findings about their pharmaceutical properties and mechanisms of action were searched in Google Scholar, Science Direct, and PubMed databases. Results: In PM, it is believed that hemorrhoid disease is because of melancholic or sanguineous distemperament. Cleansing the body and then strengthening the gastrointestinal and the liver for more effective treatment and prevention of relapse are the first therapeutic approaches in this regard. They use herbal and non-herbal medicines with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and phlebotonic properties. In addition, different methods of bloodletting are used for body cleansing, reducing pain, and treating bleeding or thrombotic hemorrhoids. -
Post Hemorrhoidectomy Pain Relief; Outcome of Local Anesthesia
PAIN RELIEF POST HEMORRHOIDECTOMY The Professional Medical Journal www.theprofesional.com ORIGINAL PROF-2998 DOI: 10.17957/TPMJ/15.2998 POST HEMORRHOIDECTOMY PAIN RELIEF; OUTCOME OF LOCAL ANESTHESIA Dr. Syed Muhammad Maroof Hashmi1, Dr. Shua Nasir2, Dr. Lal Shehbaz3, Dr. Muhammad Absar Anwar4, Ahmed Ali5 1. Senior Registrar Department of Neurosurgery ABSTRACT… Background: The aim of my study is to evaluate post-operative pain relief K.M.D.C and Abbasi Shaheed on patients who had hemorrhoidectomy. Materials and Methods: 300 patients who had Hospital Karachi. hemorrhoidectomy were divided equally in to three groups, according to anesthesia type, 2. MD Resident Department of Emergency group 1 (local anesthesia and sedation), while spinal anesthesia was group 2 and general Medicine Ziauddin University anesthesia was considered to be group 3. Pain relief, post-operative complications, hospital Hospital Karachi. staying time were measured and compared between the three groups. Period: Study was 3. MD Resident performed between Jan 2012 to Dec 2014. Results: The study showed that patients who had Department of Emergency Medicine Ziauddin University local anesthesia infiltration and sedation a significant decrease of post-operative total pain Hospital Karachi. scores at 6/12/18/24 hours of more than 50%,200/240/300/320 out of 1000 points in group II 4. House Officer as compared to 420/500/540/580,700/680/660/660 in 3rd groups respectively. The total post- DUHS and Civil Hospital, Karachi 5. Research Fellow BMU operative analgesia doses in the 3 groups were 120:140:180 respectively, total hospital staying time were 130:210:260 days, headache in the ratio of 0:8:1, urine retention in 0:6:1 patients, Correspondence Address: nausea and vomiting in 0:1:5 patients were reduced by 30 %,. -
Hemorrhoids Brown Health Services Patient Education Series
Hemorrhoids Brown Health Services Patient Education Series What are hemorrhoids? Causes of Hemorrhoids Include: Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the rectum. They ● Straining during bowel movements can cause itching, bleeding, and pain. Hemorrhoids ● Chronic diarrhea or constipation are very common. In some cases, you can see or ● Obesity feel hemorrhoids around the outside of the rectum. ● Pregnancy In other cases, you cannot see them because they ● Anal intercourse are hidden inside the rectum Diagnosis Hemorrhoids do not always cause symptoms. But To diagnose hemorrhoids, your clinician will when they do, they can include: examine your rectum and anus and may insert a ● Itching of the skin around the anus gloved finger into the rectum. Further evaluation ● Bleeding – Bleeding is usually painless and may include a procedure that allows your occurs during bowel movement. You might healthcare provider to look inside the anus (called see bright red blood after using the toilet on anoscopy), or evaluation by a proctologist. your toilet tissue or in the toilet bowl. ● Pain – If a blood clot forms inside a Management of Hemorrhoids hemorrhoid, this can cause pain. You may also experience: Initiate Lifestyle Changes: ● swelling around your anus One of the most important steps in treating ● A sensitive or painful lump near your anus hemorrhoids is avoiding constipation (hard or ● Leakage of feces infrequent stools). Hard stool can lead to rectal bleeding and/or a tear in the anus, called an anal Hemorrhoid symptoms usually depend on the fissure. In addition, pushing and straining to move location. Internal hemorrhoids lie inside the rectum. your bowels can worsen existing hemorrhoids and You can’t see or feel these hemorrhoids, and they increase the risk of developing new hemorrhoids. -
A 12-Years Rectal Bleeding Complicated with Deep Vein Thrombosis, Is Hemorrhoid the Real Cause?
Case Report Clinical Case Reports Volume 10:11, 2020 DOI: 10.37421/jccr.2020.10.1395 ISSN: 2165-7920 Open Access A 12-Years Rectal Bleeding Complicated with Deep Vein Thrombosis, Is Hemorrhoid the Real Cause? Yi-Qun Zhang, Meng Niu and Chun-Xiao Chen* Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China Abstract Colorectal venous malformation is a rare condition that can cause massive rectal bleeding. This is the first report of colorectal venous malformation complicated with massive bleeding and lowers limb deep vein thrombosis, and the two life-threatening conditions were both treated successfully. Keywords: Colorectal venous malformation • Rectal bleeding • Sclerotherapy • Deep vein thrombosis Introduction A 16-year-old man presented to the clinic with long-standing recurrent hematochezia and profound anemia. Per the mother, his rectal bleeding was first noticed around the age of 4 with one episode per 2-3 months that was diagnosed as hemorrhoids without specific treatment. It had worsened for 2 months with progression to 1 bloody bowel movement daily. He had no family history of hematologic disorders or vascular anomalies. The patient had accepted 600 ml red-blood cell perfusion and intravenous sucrose-iron transfusions for severe anemia with hemoglobin 5.8 g/dL, hematocrit 25.9% and MCV 69.7 fL at local hospital. Case Report Upon admission, the patient’s vital signs were within normal limits. His abdomen was supple and without tenderness. Digital rectal examination confirmed partially thrombosed, circumferential mixed hemorrhoids. Laboratory tests revealed a hemoglobin 8.0 g/L and D-dimer 15760 g/L. -
Herbal Haemorrhoidal Cream for Haemorrhoids
Chinese Journal of Physiology 56(5): 253-262, 2013 253 DOI: 10.4077/CJP.2013.BAB127 Herbal Haemorrhoidal Cream for Haemorrhoids Ebru Gurel1, Savas Ustunova1, Bulent Ergin1, Nur Tan2, Metin Caner3, Osman Tortum4, and Cihan Demirci-Tansel1 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science 2Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy 3Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty and 4Department of General Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty, University of Istanbul Istanbul, Turkey Abstract Although hemorrhoids are one of the most common diseases in the world, the exact etiology underlying the development of hemorrhoids is not clear. Many different ointments are currently used to treat hemorrhoids; however, there is little evidence of the efficacy of these treatments to support their use. The aim of this study was to compare different herbal creams used for the treatment of hemorrhoids. Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats, 6-8 weeks old and weighing 160-180 g, were used in this study as 1-control, 2-croton oil, 3-croton oil+fig leaves+artichoke leaves+walnut husks and 4-croton oil+fig leaves+artichoke leaves+walnut husks+horse chestnut fruit. After 3 days of croton oil application, rats were treated with 0.1 ml of cream or saline twice a day for 15 days by syringe. Tissue and blood samples were collected for histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical studies. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. Croton oil administration resulted in severe inflammation. The third group showed partial improvement in inflammation; however, the greatest degree of improvement was seen in the fourth group, and some recovered areas were observed. -
Educational Exhibit Posters Chosen by the Annual Scientific Meeting
Educational Exhibit Posters Chosen by the Annual Scientific Meeting Committee In advance of the upcoming annual meeting of the Society of Interventional Radiology in Washington, DC, the program committee wishes to highlight the educational exhibit e-posters that will be presented. The posters were chosen using blinded review. Authors are congratulated for their contributions. Daniel Sze, MD, FSIR Chair, 2017 Annual Meeting Scientific Program Educational Exhibit e-Posters Abstract No. 581 Etiology Technique Used Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysms: a pictorial review of Trauma Falling injury Gelfoam with intraprocedural different scenarios and managements cone-beam 3D CT imaging R. Galuppo Monticelli1, Q. Han1, G. Gabriel1, S. Krohmer1, D. Raissi1 Gunshot injury Coiling Iatrogenic Post cholecystectomy Onyx embolization 1University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY Post biliary drain Coiling PURPOSE: The focus of this educational exhibit is to present a pictorial placement review of the anatomical considerations and management in varied Post ERCP Gelfoam cases of hepatic artery pseudoaneurysms (HAPs) secondary to differ- Tumor Hemorrhage Embozene ent etiologies. Special attention is given to troubleshooting HAPs with Tumor related Post TACE N-Butyl cyanoacrylate varied anatomical presentations. Transplant related Portal hypertension iCAST covered Stent MATERIALS: Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm (HAP) is an unusual but Idiopathic Otherwise healthy male Coiling with sandwich technique serious complication of acute or chronic injury to the hepatic artery that can potentially be fatal. HAPs are classified as intrahepatic or extrahe- patic. There are many etiologies of HAP formation, including trauma, iat- Abstract No. 582 rogenic, tumor, pancreatitis, inflammatory and idiopathic. Early detection Stenting as a first-line therapy for symptomatic and treatment is critical to decrease morbidity and mortality. -
Association Between Hemorrhoids and Lower Extremity Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Open Access Original Article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.4502 Association Between Hemorrhoids and Lower Extremity Chronic Venous Insufficiency Ugur Ekici 1 , Abdulcabbar Kartal 2 , Murat F. Ferhatoglu 2 1. General Surgery, Istanbul Gelişim University, Istanbul, TUR 2. General Surgery, Okan University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, TUR Corresponding author: Abdulcabbar Kartal, [email protected] Disclosures can be found in Additional Information at the end of the article Abstract Aim The aim of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of varicose veins among patients with hemorrhoidal disease and to compare its incidence reported in various community-based studies. Method The study group comprised of 100 patients who underwent surgery for symptomatic internal or external hemorrhoids; the control group consisted of 100 volunteers who received no prior therapy for hemorrhoidal disease and lacked any symptoms or findings suggestive of this condition. Subjects in both the groups were inquired with respect to their demographic data and risk factors. Both groups were asked to stand for two minutes before performing leg examinations while still in the standing position. The findings were recorded for both the groups. Varicose veins were classified according to the clinical appearance section of the Clinical, Etiologic, Anatomic, and Pathophysiologic (CEAP) classification that was developed by the 1994 American Venous Forum. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to age and body mass index (BMI). Significant relationships were identified between the groups with respect to the incidence of varicose veins and chronic constipation. The incidence of C1 and C2 varicose veins observed in the study group was higher than that observed in the control group. -
Original Article
Original Article Is chronic venous ulcer curable? A sample survey of a plastic surgeon V. Alamelu Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Faciomaxillary Surgery, Madras Medical College and Govt General Hospital, Chennai - 600 003; Sri Jayam Hospital, West Tambaram, Chennai - 600 045; K.J. Hospital and Research Foundation, Poonamallee High Road, Chennai - 600 084, India Address for correspondence: Dr. V. Alamelu, 23, Ramakrishnan Street, West Tambaram, Chennai-600 045, India. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Introduction: Venous ulcers of lower limbs are often chronic and non-healing, many a time neglected by patients and their treating physicians as these ulcers mostly do not lead to amputation as in gangrenous arterial ulcer and also cost much to complete the course of treatment and prevention of recurrence. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty two lower limb venous ulcers came up for treatment between May 2006 and April 2009. Only twenty nine cases completed the treatment. The main tool of investigation was the non invasive Duplex scan venography. Biopsy of the ulcer was done for staging the disease. Patients’ choice of treatment was always conservative and as out-patient instead of hospitalisation and surgery, which required a lot of motivation by the treating unit. Results: Out of twenty nine cases, ten cases were treated conservatively and seven (24.13%) healed well. Remaining nineteen cases were given surgical modality in which fifteen cases (51.74%) were successful. Only seven cases (24.13%) failed to heal. Compression stockings were advised to control oedema, varices and pain. Foot care, regular exercises and follow-up were stressed effectively. -
Chronic Metformin Therapy Is Associated with a Lower Risk of Hemorrhoid in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 16 February 2021 doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.578831 Chronic Metformin Therapy is Associated with a Lower Risk of Hemorrhoid in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Chin-Hsiao Tseng 1,2,3* 1Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, 2Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 3Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine of the National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan Background: Metformin has anti-inflammatory property and reduces the risk of varicose vein in our previous study. Aim: To investigate the risk of hemorrhoid, another common disease involving the hemorrhoidal venous plexus, in ever vs. never users of metformin in patients with type Edited by: 2 diabetes mellitus. Giovanni Sarnelli, University of Naples Federico II, Italy Methods: This is a population-based retrospective cohort study. Patients with new-onset Reviewed by: type 2 diabetes mellitus during 1999–2005 were enrolled from Taiwan’s National Health Dan-Lucian Dumitras¸ cu, Insurance. All patients who were alive on January 1, 2006 were followed up until December Iuliu Hat¸ieganu University of Medicine 31, 2011. Analyses were conducted in both an unmatched cohort of 152,347 ever users and Pharmacy, Romania Maria Cecilia Giron, and 19,523 never users and in 19,498 propensity score (PS)-matched pairs of ever and University of Padua, Italy never users. Traditional Cox regression and Cox regression incorporated with the inverse *Correspondence: probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using the PS were used to estimate hazard ratios. Chin-Hsiao Tseng [email protected] Results: New-onset hemorrhoid was diagnosed in 8,211 ever users and 2025 never users in the unmatched cohort and in 1,089 ever users and 2022 never users in the Specialty section: This article was submitted to matched cohort. -
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European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 2020; 24: 3876-3881 A study on two kinds of scoring models in predicting the degree of esophageal varices and bleeding X.-K. WANG1,2, P. WANG2,3, Y. ZHANG2, S.-L. QI2, W. LIU2, G.-C. WANG2 1First Clinical College of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China 2Department of Liver Disease, Dalian Sixth People Hospital, Dalian, China 3Department of Gastroenterology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China Xie-Kui Wang and Ping Wang contributed equally to this work Abstract. – OBJECTIVE: This study aims to in- Introduction vestigate the value and determine the accuracy of two kinds of scoring models in predicting the In liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, portal hy- degree of esophageal varices (EV) and esopha- pertension mainly manifests as esophagogas- geal variceal bleeding (EVB) in patients with liv- er cirrhosis (LC). tric varices (EGVs), hypersplenism, and ascites. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 189 Among these, EGVs are the main manifesta- patients with LC, who underwent esophagogas- tion of portal hypertension, and the main cause troduodenoscopy (EGD), color Doppler ultra- of death. According to statistics, EGVs can be sound (CDU), and computed tomography (CT), observed in approximately 50% of LC patients. were retrospectively analyzed. Then, the routine Patients without varicose veins develop varicose blood examination, liver function test, M-index veins at a rate of 5% a year. The varicose vein of of the spleen in CT, EGD, and CDU results were recorded. According to the EGD result, these the venule (≤5 mm in diameter of the varicose patients were divided into five groups: varicose vein) also develops from 5% to 12% per year to bleeding group, severe varices group, moderate the middle or varicose veins of the vena cava varices group, mild varices group, and no var- (the diameter of the varicose vein is >5 mm). -
Venous Ulcers October 1, 2020
Leading the way. The Guide Wire NEWSLETTER • JULY 2020 VENOUS ULCERS weight of the blood presses distally, interstitial tissue spaces produces What is a venous ulcer? and the highest pressures generated a brawny, brownish pigmentation Venous ulcers are a consequence by this mechanism are expressed at often associated with venous of venous hypertension, usually the level of the ankle and foot. ulcers. This is due to haemosiderin caused by chronic deep or deposition caused by the breakdown “The second mechanism of venous 1 superficial venous insufficiency1. of the red blood cells , and is hypertension is dynamic. The predominantly seen in the medial Until recently, it was believed that anatomic angulation of superficial lower third of the calf. Pigmentation venous ulceration was primarily to deep perforating veins and their may be followed by an itching, due to deep venous insufficiency contained valves normally prevent weeping dermatitis, in turn, possibly following valve failure, (either compartmental pressure from being progressing to ulceration2. Ulceration primary valvular failure, or as a transmitted to subcutaneous tissue may be either spontaneous, or as a consequence of deep venous and skin. Failure of this mechanism result of minor trauma. Although the thrombosis causing damage to the allows intra-compartmental pathophysiology of the ulceration venous valve), or as a result of failure forces to be transmitted directly to is not clear, it appears to be related unsupported subcutaneous veins of the calf muscle pump. However, to an inflammatory reaction in the and dermal capillaries. There, the recent studies have suggested that tissue, fibrin cuffing and eventual effective vessels elongate, dilate 3 up to 57% of venous ulcers are due lipodermatosclerosis . -
JMSCR Vol||08||Issue||02||Page 744-749||February 2020
JMSCR Vol||08||Issue||02||Page 744-749||February 2020 http://jmscr.igmpublication.org/home/ ISSN (e)-2347-176x ISSN (p) 2455-0450 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v8i2.128 EHPVO in Children Author Sujay Chaudhuri Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, PGIMER Chandigarh Corresponding Author Sujay Chaudhuri Abstract Background: EHPVO is an important problem in children. To find out incidence / investigational profile, clinical and therapeutic outcome of children with EHPVO with following study was performed. Method: The children (<12 years) who were admitted in Pediatric GE ward of PGIMER Chandigarh with history of UGI bleed suggestive of EHPVO from July 1993 to June 2003 were noted. Age / sex / clinical details like Haematemesis / Melaena / Splenomegaly / feature of liver disorder (ascites / jaundice / HE etc) / growth parameters / Neonatal history of umbilical catheterization / sepsis / investigation like USG whole abdomen / LFT / PT / Hemogram / UGI Endoscopy etc were noted. Results: Out of 50 cases of EHPVO, 30 were male and 20 female. Age was 3 – 12 years (mean 6 years). History of umbilical catherisation / sepsis were present in 6% cases. Fifty out of 50 (100%) came with Haematemesis / 30 (60%) with combined Haematemesis / Melaena. There was no feature of liver failure in any case. USG shows normal hepatic echo texture with 40 cases (80%) having portal cavernoma, 30 (60%) having both portal cavernoma and splenic collateral, 10 (20%) having peri cholecystic collateral. Splenomegaly was present in all cases (100%). There was no colorectal Varix or Hemorrhoid. Gastic varix develop only after EVL / EST of Esophageal varix in 10 (20%) cases. EVL was successfully done 40 (80%) cases but 10 cases (20%) required EST due to technical problem.