Jonathan Gruber
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Longitudinal Analysis of Strike Activity David Card Journal of Labor
Longitudinal Analysis of Strike Activity David Card Journal of Labor Economics, Vol. 6, No. 2. (Apr., 1988), pp. 147-176. Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0734-306X%28198804%296%3A2%3C147%3ALAOSA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-7 Journal of Labor Economics is currently published by The University of Chicago Press. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/about/terms.html. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/journals/ucpress.html. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. The JSTOR Archive is a trusted digital repository providing for long-term preservation and access to leading academic journals and scholarly literature from around the world. The Archive is supported by libraries, scholarly societies, publishers, and foundations. It is an initiative of JSTOR, a not-for-profit organization with a mission to help the scholarly community take advantage of advances in technology. For more information regarding JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. http://www.jstor.org Tue Jul 3 19:08:14 2007 Longitudinal Analysis of Strike Activity David Card, Princeton Univevsity This article presents an empirical study of strike activity in a panel of contract negotiations for some 250 firm-and-union pairs. -
2012 Commencement
Nova Southeastern University NSUWorks NSU Commencement Programs NSU Digital Collections 5-27-2012 2012 Commencement - Graduate - College of Osteopathic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, College of Optometry, College of Health Care Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, and College of Dental Medicine Nova Southeastern University Follow this and additional works at: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/nsudigital_commencement Part of the Higher Education Commons NSUWorks Citation Nova Southeastern University, "2012 Commencement - Graduate - College of Osteopathic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, College of Optometry, College of Health Care Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, and College of Dental Medicine" (2012). NSU Commencement Programs. 37. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/nsudigital_commencement/37 This Commencement Program is brought to you for free and open access by the NSU Digital Collections at NSUWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in NSU Commencement Programs by an authorized administrator of NSUWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE PRESIDENT, BOARD OF TRUSTEES, ADMINISTRATION, FACULTY, AND STAFF CONGRATULATE YOU ON THIS VERY SPECIAL DAY. TODAY'S COMMENCEMENT EXERCISE IS THE CULMINATION OF YOUR HARD WORK AND INTELLECTUAL EFFORT, WHICH SHOULD BE DULY NOTED AND PUBLICLY RECOGNIZED. MAY ALL OF YOUR DREAMS AND WISHES BRING FORTH A PROSPEROUS FUTURE. CONGRATULATIONS! NOVA SOUTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY WELCOME TO THE COMMENCEMENT CEREMONY OF 2012 FOR THE COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHIC MEDICINE COLLEGE OF PHARMACY COLLEGE OF OPTOMETRY -
February 9, 2016 — We Congratulate Janet M. Currie, the Henry Putnam Professor of Economics and Public Affairs, Chair of T
— February 9, 2016 — We congratulate Janet M. Currie, the Henry Putnam professor of economics and public affairs, chair of the Economics Department and director of the Center for Health and Well-Being at Princeton University, on receiving the 2015 Carolyn Shaw Bell Award from the Committee on the Status of Women in the Economics Profession (CSWEP) of the American Economic Association (AEA). From the AEA website: “Currie excels in her scholarship, in her teaching and advising, in mentoring, and in her service to the profession. She is an innovative and prolific scholar whose work spans labor, public and health economics. She has made fundamental contributions in many areas and is best known for her work on public policy issues affecting child health and wellbeing. Her work is notable for combining a focus on important, policy-relevant questions with unassailable objectivity and scrupulous attention to methodological detail. Currie’s concern for the development of the next generation of economists is expressed in her dedicated mentorship of colleagues and students, both male and female, who praise her sage, practical, no-nonsense advice and her creativity in devising solutions. She is known for her commitment to gender equity in economics and . led the research team that produced the only rigorous scientific evidence for the efficacy of a mentoring program.” She will become a member of CNSTAT in July 2016 and served on the CNSTAT panel that produced Estimating Eligibility and Participation for the WIC Program: Final Report in 2003. We congratulate Jeri Mulrow on her appointment as principal deputy director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), effective January 25, 2016. -
Parental Socioeconomic Status, Child Health, and Human Capital Janet
Parental Socioeconomic Status, Child Health, and Human Capital Janet Currie and Joshua Goodman ABSTRACT Parental socioeconomic status (SES) may affect a child’s educational outcomes through a number of pathways, one of which is the child’s health. This essay asks two questions: What evidence exists about the effect of parental SES on child health? And, what evidence exists about the effect of child health on future outcomes, such as education? We conclude that there is strong evidence of both links. Introduction Investments in education pay off in the form of higher future earnings, and differences in educational attainments explain a significant fraction of the adult variation in wages, incomes, and other outcomes. But what determines a child’s educational success? Most studies point to family background as the primary factor. But why does background matter? While many aspects are no doubt important, research increasingly implicates health as a potentially major factor. The importance of health for education and earnings suggests that if family background affects child health, then poor child health may in turn affect education and future economic status. What evidence exists about the effect of parental socioeconomic status (SES) on child health? And, what evidence exists about the effect of child health on future outcomes, such as education? A great deal of evidence shows that low SES in childhood is related to poorer future adult health (Davey Smith et al., 1998). The specific question at the heart of this review is whether low parental SES affects future outcomes through its effects on child health. In most of the studies cited, SES is defined by parental income or poverty status, though some measure SES through residential neighborhood or parental schooling attainment. -
Minutes of the Meeting of the Executive Committee Chicago, IL April 17, 2014
American Economic Review: Papers & Proceedings 2015, 105(5): 683–688 http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.15000009 Minutes of the Meeting of the Executive Committee Chicago, IL April 17, 2014 The first meeting of the 2014 Executive Charles I. Jones, Rachel Kranton, and Fiona Committee was called to order at 10:00 am on Scott Morton. The Nominating Committee and April 17, 2014 in the Heathrow A-B Room of the Executive Committee, acting together as the Hyatt Regency O’Hare Hotel, Chicago, IL. an electoral college, then VOTED to nominate Members present were: David Card, Dora Costa, Robert Shiller as President-elect, and VOTED Esther Duflo by phone , Steven Durlauf, Amy to recognize Robert Barro, Gregory Chow, Finkelstein, Pinelopi( Goldberg,) Claudia Goldin, Robert J. Gordon, and Richard Zeckhauser as Guido Imbens, Anil Kashyap, Jonathan Levin, Distinguished Fellows of the Association. The N. Gregory Mankiw, Rosa Matzkin, William President requested that the Secretary-Treasurer Nordhaus, Andrew Postlewaite, Peter Rousseau, revise the guidelines provided to the committee Matthew Shapiro, Christopher Sims, and Richard to reflect current practices more closely. Thaler. Alan Auerbach, Judith Chevalier, Henry Report of the Committee on Honors and Farber, and Jonathan Skinner participated in part Awards Auerbach . Auerbach explained that of the meeting and Andrew Abel, Susan Athey, nominations( for the) — Clark Medal were solic- and David Laibson participated by phone as ited from economics department heads of major members of the Honors and Awards Committee. research universities. The Honors and Awards Orley Ashenfelter participated in part of the Committee Auerbach chair , Abel, Athey, meeting as chair of the Nominating Committee. -
Explaining Charter School Effectiveness†
American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 2013, 5(4): 1–27 http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.5.4.1 Explaining Charter School Effectiveness† By Joshua D. Angrist, Parag A. Pathak, and Christopher R. Walters* Lottery estimates suggest Massachusetts’ urban charter schools boost achievement well beyond that of traditional urban public schools stu- dents, while nonurban charters reduce achievement from a higher baseline. The fact that urban charters are most effective for poor nonwhites and low-baseline achievers contributes to, but does not fully explain, these differences. We therefore link school-level charter impacts to school inputs and practices. The relative efficacy of urban lottery sample charters is accounted for by these schools’ embrace of the No Excuses approach to urban education. In our Massachusetts sample, Non-No-Excuses urban charters are no more effective than nonurban charters. JEL H75, I21, I28 ( ) growing body of evidence suggests that urban charter schools have the poten- A tial to generate impressive achievement gains, especially for minority students living in high-poverty areas. In a series of studies using admissions lotteries to iden- tify causal effects, we looked at the impact of charter attendance in Boston and at a Knowledge is Power Program KIPP school in Lynn, Massachusetts Abdulkadiro g˘ lu ( ) ( et al. 2009, 2011; Angrist et al. 2010, 2012 . Boston and Lynn charter middle schools ) increase student achievement by about 0.4 standard deviations per year in math (σ) and about 0.2 per year in English Language Arts ELA . Among high school stu- σ ( ) dents, attendance at a Boston charter school increases student achievement by about 0.3 per year in math and 0.2 per year in ELA. -
Learning, Career Paths, and the Distribution of Wages†
American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 2019, 11(1): 49–88 https://doi.org/10.1257/mac.20170390 Learning, Career Paths, and the Distribution of Wages† By Santiago Caicedo, Robert E. Lucas Jr., and Esteban Rossi-Hansberg* We develop a theory of career paths and earnings where agents organize in production hierarchies. Agents climb these hierarchies as they learn stochastically from others. Earnings grow as agents acquire knowledge and occupy positions with more subordinates. We contrast these and other implications with US census data for the period 1990 to 2010, matching the Lorenz curve of earnings and the observed mean experience-earnings profiles. We show the increase in wage inequality over this period can be rationalized with a shift in the level of the complexity and profitability of technologies relative to the distribution of knowledge in the population. JEL D83, E24, J24, J31 ( ) his paper develops a new model of an economy that generates sustained pro- Tductivity growth. One distinctive feature of the model is that all knowledge in the economy is held by the individual people who comprise it: there is no abstract technology hovering above them in the ether. A second feature, necessarily involv- ing heterogeneous labor, is a kind of complementarity in production involving peo- ple with different skill levels: the marginal product of any one person is contingent on the people he works with. A third feature, closely related to the second, is that improvements over time in individual skill levels depend on imitation or stimulation or inspiration from other people in the economy. All growth is taken to arise from this force. -
Technical Paper Series Congressional Budget Office Washington, DC
Technical Paper Series Congressional Budget Office Washington, DC MODELING LONG-RUN ECONOMIC GROWTH Robert W. Arnold Congressional Budget Office Washington, D.C. 20515 [email protected] June 2003 2003-4 Technical papers in this series are preliminary and are circulated to stimulate discussion and critical comment. These papers are not subject to CBO’s formal review and editing processes. The analysis and conclusions expressed in them are those of the author and should not be interpreted as those of the Congressional Budget Office. References in publications should be cleared with the author. Papers in this series can be obtained from www.cbo.gov. Abstract This paper reviews the recent empirical literature on long-run growth to determine what factors influence growth in total factor productivity (TFP) and whether there are any channels of influence that should be added to standard models of long-run growth. Factors affecting productivity fall into three general categories: physical capital, human capital, and innovation (including other factors that might influence TFP growth). Recent empirical evidence provides little support for the idea that there are extra-normal returns to physical capital accumulation, nor is there solid justification for adding a separate channel of influence from capital to TFP growth. The paper finds evidence that human capital—as distinct from labor hours worked—is an important factor for growth but also that there is not yet a consensus about exactly how it should enter the model. Some argue that human capital should enter as a factor of production, while others argue that it merely spurs innovation. The forces governing TFP growth are not well understood, but there is evidence that R&D spending is a significant contributor and that its benefit to society may exceed its benefit to the company doing the spending—that is, it is a source of spillovers. -
2012 Massachusetts Site Visits Agenda
Kaiser Media Fellowships Program: The Affordable Care Act in Massachusetts: Cost Containment –Boston & Cambridge site visit, Sunday, May 20-Friday, May 25, 2012 PAGE 1 Accommodations: Cambridge: The Hyatt Regency Cambridge Sunday, May 20 6:30pm/6:45pm: Reception, meet in hotel: The Charles Room, 16th Floor 7:00pm: Working dinner with Sarah Iselin, president, The Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts Foundation: Overview of MA health reform, and cost containment initiatives; and David Seltz, chief policy adviser, Office of the MA Senate President Therese Murray Monday, May 21 8:30am: Buffet Breakfast, The Cambridge Room, 2nd floor 9:00am-11:00am: Jonathan Gruber, Professor of Economics, MIT, and director of the health care program, National Bureau of Economic Research: An update on how MA health reform is working, and how that relates to Federal reform 11:30am-12:40pm: MA 1115 Medicaid Waiver with Robert Seifert, Senior Associate, Center for Health Law and Economics, University of Massachusetts Medical School; and Jean Sullivan, Director of the Center for Health Economics 12:40pm: Working buffet lunch 1:00pm-2:00pm: Medicaid issues, including dual eligibles, with Robert Master, M.D., President & CEO, Commonwealth Care Alliance 2:50pm: Depart by van 3:30pm-5:30pm: Meeting with John McDonough, Professor of the Practice of Public Health, Harvard School of Public Health 5:45pm: Return to hotel 6:40pm: Depart hotel by van to restaurant 7:00pm: Working dinner: Sandrines Restaurant Tuesday, May 22 8:30am: Depart by van to Harvard School of Public -
Janet Currie Address
Curriculum Vitae: Janet Currie Address: Personal: Economics Department, UCLA W. Bentley MacLeod, spouse 405 Hilgard Ave Prof. of Law and Economics, USC Los Angeles CA 90095-1477 Joana MacLeod, daughter Telephone: 310 206 8380 Daniel MacLeod, son E-mail: [email protected] Web site: http://econweb.sscnet.ucla.edu/currie Education: Ph.D. Economics, Princeton University, 1988 M.A. Economics, University of Toronto, 1983 B.A. Economics, Lorne T. Morgan Gold Medal, University of Toronto, 1982 Professional Employment: Fellow, Center for Health and Well-Being, Princeton University, 2003-4. Full Professor, University of California at Los Angeles, July 1996-present. Associate Professor, University of California at Los Angeles, July 1993. Assistant Professor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, July 1991. Assistant Professor, University of California at Los Angeles, July 1988. Articles: “Child Research Comes of Age,” forthcoming in Canadian Journal of Economics, August, 2004. “Poverty, Food Insecurity, and Nutritional Outcomes in Children and Adults," with Jayanta Bhattacharya and Steven Haider, forthcoming in Journal of Health Economics. “Socioeconomic Status and Health: Why is the Relationship Stronger for Older Children?,” American Economic Review, v93 #5, December 2003, 1813-1823, with Mark Stabile. “Mother’s Education and the Intergenerational Transmission of Human Capital: Evidence from College Openings,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, VCXVIII #4, Nov. 2003, with Enrico Moretti, 1495-1532. “Who’s Minding the Kids?: Preschool, Day Care, and After School Care,” The Handbook of Education Economics, Finis Welch and Eric Hanushek (eds). New York: North Holland, forthcoming, with David Blau. "Networks or Neighborhoods? Correlations in the Use of Publicly-Funded Maternity Care in California”, Journal of Public Economics, with Anna Aizer, forthcoming. -
Revisiting FAFSA Simplification: Expanding Access to the IRS Data Retrieval Tool
Revisiting FAFSA Simplification: Expanding Access to the IRS Data Retrieval Tool We describe how the complexity in the FAFSA hinders students’ ability to meet financial aid deadlines and examine the feasibility of using a simplified formula to determine aid eligibility. Authors Key Findings Susan Dynarski is a 1 Applying for federal aid for college is complex and slow. Information professor of public about aid eligibility arrives well after students have made crucial policy, education, decisions about preparation for college. Complexity in the aid process and economics at the undermines the intent of aid, which is to get more students into college. University of Michigan. 2 Efforts to simplify the aid process have fallen short of intent. Mark Wiederspan is 3 Students would benefit from a simplified process that automatically a doctoral candidate determines aid eligibility using tax information. This would allow in higher education students to receive information about aid eligibility early, when they are administration at the making key decisions about college. University of Michigan. 4 We show that a simplified process could closely replicate the current distribution of aid, with a much lower paperwork burden on families and colleges. EPI Policy Brief #1 | May 2015 page 1 A simplified aid application shows promise in determining students’ financial aid eligibility. In June 2014 Senators Lamar Alexander (R-TN) and Michael Bennet (D-CO) co- authored a bill that simplifies applying for financial aid. Based on research by EPI Co-Director Susan Dynarski and Judith Scott-Clayton of Columbia University,1 the bill would reduce the 100-question aid application to a postcard with two questions. -
Dynarski, Joshua Hyman and Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach∗ October 16, 2011
Experimental Evidence on the Effect of Childhood Investments on Postsecondary Attainment and Degree Completion Susan Dynarski, Joshua Hyman and Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach∗ October 16, 2011 Abstract This paper examines the effect of early childhood investments on college enrollment and degree completion. We use the random assignment in the Project STAR experiment to estimate the effect of smaller classes in primary school on college entry, college choice, and degree completion. We improve on existing work in this area with unusually de- tailed data on college enrollment spells and the previously unexplored outcome of college degree completion. We find that assignment to a small class increases the probability of attending college by 2.7 percentage points, with effects more than twice as large among blacks. Among those with the lowest ex ante probability of attending college, the ef- fect is 11 percentage points. Smaller classes increase the likelihood of earning a college degree by 1.6 percentage points and shift students towards high-earning fields such as STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics), business and economics. We confirm the standard finding that test score effects fade out by middle school, but show that test score effects at the time of the experiment are an excellent predictor of long- term improvements in postsecondary outcomes. We compare the costs and impacts of this intervention with other tools for increasing postsecondary attainment, such as Head Start and financial aid, and conclude that early investments are no more cost effective than later investments in boosting adult educational attainment. ∗We thank Jayne Zaharias-Boyd of HEROS and the Tennessee Department of Education for allowing the match between the STAR and National Student Clearinghouse data.