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Appendix A: Kahuama‘A Management Plan KAHUAMA‘A SEABIRD PRESERVE

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Appendix A: Kahuama‘A Management Plan KAHUAMA‘A SEABIRD PRESERVE Appendix A: Kahuama‘a Management Plan KAHUAMA‘A SEABIRD PRESERVE MANAGEMENT PLAN PART OF THE KAUA‘I SEABIRD HABITAT CONSERVATION PLAN Helen Raine, K. Yuki Reiss, Jessica Hallman Behnke (State of Hawai‘i, Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife). Table of Contents 1. SUMMARY MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................................................................ 12 2. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 1 3. VISION STATEMENT ...................................................................................................................................... 3 4. INFORMATION .............................................................................................................................................. 3 4.1 LOCATION AND STATUTORY INFORMATION .................................................................................................................... 3 4.2 LEGAL STATUS (LEGISLATION FOR SITE CREATION, OWNERSHIP, OFFICIAL MANAGERS), MOA .................................................. 5 4.3 ACCESS .................................................................................................................................................................. 5 4.4 EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE ........................................................................................................................................ 5 5. ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ................................................................................................................. 5 5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ......................................................................................................................................... 5 5.2 CLIMATE ................................................................................................................................................................. 6 5.3 TOPOGRAPHY/GEOLOGY ........................................................................................................................................... 6 5.4 HYDROLOGY/STREAMS, RIVERS, DRAINAGES ................................................................................................................. 7 5.5 EXISTING LAND USE .................................................................................................................................................. 7 6. SOCIAL INFORMATION .................................................................................................................................. 7 6.1 STAKEHOLDERS ........................................................................................................................................................ 7 6.2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL, CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL INTEREST................................................................................................. 8 6.3 VISITORS ................................................................................................................................................................ 9 7. BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION .......................................................................................................................... 9 7.1 HABITATS AND VEGETATION COMMUNITIES ................................................................................................................... 9 7.2 FLORA .................................................................................................................................................................. 10 7.3 FAUNA (MAMMALS, AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES, INVERTEBRATES) ......................................................................................... 14 7.4 ‘A‘O – NEWELL’S SHEARWATER ................................................................................................................................ 14 7.5 OTHER AVIFAUNA .................................................................................................................................................. 15 7.6 LISTED SPECIES ...................................................................................................................................................... 16 8. SEABIRD STUDIES ON SITE – KAHUAMA‘A SEABIRD PRESERVE ................................................................... 17 8.1 KAUA‘I AND THE KAHUAMA‘A SEABIRD PRESERVE – BACKGROUND TO SITE SELECTION AND ROLE IN ‘A‘O CONSERVATION ......... 17 8.2 KSHCP STUDIES .................................................................................................................................................... 20 9. OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................................................. 22 10. ACTIVITIES .................................................................................................................................................. 22 10.1 ACTIVITIES OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................................... 22 10.2 OBTAIN PERMITS ................................................................................................................................................. 23 10.3 FENCE ALIGNMENT AND PRE-CONSTRUCTION SURVEYS ............................................................................................... 23 10.3.1 Initiate Bids Process. Select and Hire Contractor .................................................................................... 23 10.3.2 Establish Sling Load Drop Zones, Final Fence Alignment......................................................................... 24 10.1.1. Pre-construction Surveys ........................................................................................................................ 24 10.4 FENCE CONSTRUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 24 10.4.1 Fence Design ........................................................................................................................................... 25 10.4.2 Earthworks (Young and VanderWerf 2014) ............................................................................................ 27 10.4.3 Fence Construction Methods ................................................................................................................... 28 10.4.4 Delays in Fence Construction................................................................................................................... 28 10.4.5 Confirm Fence Construction Complete .................................................................................................... 29 10.4.6 Long term Fence Monitoring and Maintenance ...................................................................................... 29 10.5 INTRUDER DETECTION .................................................................................................................................... 30 10.6 PREDATOR DEFENSE ZONE AROUND FENCELINE .................................................................................................. 30 10.7 FENCE CRISIS RESPONSE TO REDUCE OR ELIMINATE THE RISK OF PREDATOR INCURSION .............................................. 30 11. OPERATION OF PROJECT SITE ..................................................................................................................... 31 11.1 PREDATOR ERADICATION AT PROJECT SITE ......................................................................................................... 31 11.1.1 Rodent Eradication Methods........................................................................................................... 31 11.1.2 Feral Cat Eradication, Biosecurity Methods Inside Kahuama‘a Seabird Preserve Fence ................. 34 11.1.3 Mongoose ....................................................................................................................................... 37 11.1.4 Ungulates and Pigs.......................................................................................................................... 37 11.2 BARN OWL CONTROL ..................................................................................................................................... 37 11.2.1 Barn Owl Reduction Methods – Trapping ....................................................................................... 38 11.2.2 Barn Owl Reduction Methods - Shooting ........................................................................................ 39 11.3 FERAL CAT REMOVAL AT INGRESS POINTS TO SOURCE COLONIES IN THE KALALAU VALLEY ........................................... 39 11.1.1 Feral Cat Removal Methods ............................................................................................................ 40 11.3 CREATION OF SOCIAL ATTRACTION SITE ............................................................................................................. 42 11.3.1 Social Attraction – Call Broadcast Methods .................................................................................... 43 11.3.2 Social Attraction – Artificial Burrow Installation Methods .............................................................. 44 11.3.3 Social Attraction Site – Confirm Installation Complete ..................................................................
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