TABLE 1. Physical Characteristics of the Canary Islands and Madeira with Diversity of Host Plant and Psyllid Species, and Number of Plants Used As Hosts
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Gradient Analysis of Exotic Species in Pinus Radiata Stands of Tenerife (Canary Islands) S
The Open Forest Science Journal, 2009, 2, 63-69 63 Open Access Gradient Analysis of Exotic Species in Pinus radiata Stands of Tenerife (Canary Islands) S. Fernández-Lugo and J.R. Arévalo* Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna 38206, Spain Abstract: Identifying the factors that influence the spread of exotic species is essential for evaluating the present and future extent of plant invasions and for the development of eradication programs. We randomly established a network of 250 plots on an exotic Pinus radiata D. Don plantation on Tenerife Island in order to determine if roads and urban centers are favouring the spread of exotic plant species into the forest. We identified four distinct vegetation groups in the P. radiata stands: advanced laurel forest (ALF), undeveloped laurel forest (ULF), ruderal (RU), and Canarian pine stand (CPS). The groups farthest from roads and urban nuclei (ALF and CPS) have the best conserved vegetation, characterizing by the main species of the potential vegetation of the area and almost no exotic and ruderal species. On the other hand, the groups nearest to human infrastructures (ULF and RU) are characterized by species from potential vegetation’s substitution stages and a higher proportion of exotic and ruderal species. The results indicate distance to roads and urban areas are disturbance factors favouring the presence of exotic and ruderal species into the P. radiata plantation. We propose the eradication of some dangerous exotic species, monitoring of the study area in order to detect any intrusion of alien species in the best conserved areas and implementation of management activities to reduce the perturbation of the ULF and RU areas. -
Oberholzeria (Fabaceae Subfam. Faboideae), a New Monotypic Legume Genus from Namibia
RESEARCH ARTICLE Oberholzeria (Fabaceae subfam. Faboideae), a New Monotypic Legume Genus from Namibia Wessel Swanepoel1,2*, M. Marianne le Roux3¤, Martin F. Wojciechowski4, Abraham E. van Wyk2 1 Independent Researcher, Windhoek, Namibia, 2 H. G. W. J. Schweickerdt Herbarium, Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa, 3 Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa, 4 School of Life Sciences, Arizona a11111 State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America ¤ Current address: South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, South Africa * [email protected] Abstract OPEN ACCESS Oberholzeria etendekaensis, a succulent biennial or short-lived perennial shrublet is de- Citation: Swanepoel W, le Roux MM, Wojciechowski scribed as a new species, and a new monotypic genus. Discovered in 2012, it is a rare spe- MF, van Wyk AE (2015) Oberholzeria (Fabaceae subfam. Faboideae), a New Monotypic Legume cies known only from a single locality in the Kaokoveld Centre of Plant Endemism, north- Genus from Namibia. PLoS ONE 10(3): e0122080. western Namibia. Phylogenetic analyses of molecular sequence data from the plastid matK doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122080 gene resolves Oberholzeria as the sister group to the Genisteae clade while data from the Academic Editor: Maharaj K Pandit, University of nuclear rDNA ITS region showed that it is sister to a clade comprising both the Crotalarieae Delhi, INDIA and Genisteae clades. Morphological characters diagnostic of the new genus include: 1) Received: October 3, 2014 succulent stems with woody remains; 2) pinnately trifoliolate, fleshy leaves; 3) monadel- Accepted: February 2, 2015 phous stamens in a sheath that is fused above; 4) dimorphic anthers with five long, basifixed anthers alternating with five short, dorsifixed anthers, and 5) pendent, membranous, one- Published: March 27, 2015 seeded, laterally flattened, slightly inflated but indehiscent fruits. -
Fruits and Seeds of Genera in the Subfamily Faboideae (Fabaceae)
Fruits and Seeds of United States Department of Genera in the Subfamily Agriculture Agricultural Faboideae (Fabaceae) Research Service Technical Bulletin Number 1890 Volume I December 2003 United States Department of Agriculture Fruits and Seeds of Agricultural Research Genera in the Subfamily Service Technical Bulletin Faboideae (Fabaceae) Number 1890 Volume I Joseph H. Kirkbride, Jr., Charles R. Gunn, and Anna L. Weitzman Fruits of A, Centrolobium paraense E.L.R. Tulasne. B, Laburnum anagyroides F.K. Medikus. C, Adesmia boronoides J.D. Hooker. D, Hippocrepis comosa, C. Linnaeus. E, Campylotropis macrocarpa (A.A. von Bunge) A. Rehder. F, Mucuna urens (C. Linnaeus) F.K. Medikus. G, Phaseolus polystachios (C. Linnaeus) N.L. Britton, E.E. Stern, & F. Poggenburg. H, Medicago orbicularis (C. Linnaeus) B. Bartalini. I, Riedeliella graciliflora H.A.T. Harms. J, Medicago arabica (C. Linnaeus) W. Hudson. Kirkbride is a research botanist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory, BARC West Room 304, Building 011A, Beltsville, MD, 20705-2350 (email = [email protected]). Gunn is a botanist (retired) from Brevard, NC (email = [email protected]). Weitzman is a botanist with the Smithsonian Institution, Department of Botany, Washington, DC. Abstract Kirkbride, Joseph H., Jr., Charles R. Gunn, and Anna L radicle junction, Crotalarieae, cuticle, Cytiseae, Weitzman. 2003. Fruits and seeds of genera in the subfamily Dalbergieae, Daleeae, dehiscence, DELTA, Desmodieae, Faboideae (Fabaceae). U. S. Department of Agriculture, Dipteryxeae, distribution, embryo, embryonic axis, en- Technical Bulletin No. 1890, 1,212 pp. docarp, endosperm, epicarp, epicotyl, Euchresteae, Fabeae, fracture line, follicle, funiculus, Galegeae, Genisteae, Technical identification of fruits and seeds of the economi- gynophore, halo, Hedysareae, hilar groove, hilar groove cally important legume plant family (Fabaceae or lips, hilum, Hypocalypteae, hypocotyl, indehiscent, Leguminosae) is often required of U.S. -
The Canary Islands
The Canary Islands Dragon Trees & Blue Chaffinches A Greentours Tour Report 7th – 16th February 2014 Leader Başak Gardner Day 1 07.02.2014 To El Patio via Guia de Isora I met the half of the group at the airport just before midday and headed towards El Guincho where our lovely hotel located. We took the semi coastal road up seeing the xerophytic scrub gradually changing to thermophile woodland and then turned towards El Teide mountain into evergreen tree zone where the main tree was Pinus canariensis. Finally found a suitable place to stop and then walked into forest to see our rare orchid, Himantoglossum metlesicsiana. There it was standing on its own in perfect condition. We took as many pics as possible and had our picnic there as well. We returned to the main road and not long after we stopped by the road side spotting several flowering Aeonium holochrysum. It was a very good stop to have a feeling of typical Canary Islands flora. We encountered plants like Euphorbia broussonetii and canariensis, Kleinia neriifolia, Argyranthemum gracile, Aeonium urbicum, Lavandula canariensis, Sonchus canariensis, Rumex lunaria and Rubia fruticosa. Driving through the windy roads we finally came to Icod De Los Vinos to see the oldest Dragon Tree. They made a little garden of native plants with some labels on and the huge old Dragon Tree in the middle. After spending some time looking at the plants that we will see in natural habitats in the following days we drove to our hotel only five minutes away. The hotel has an impressive drive that you can see the huge area of banana plantations around it. -
The Canary Islands
The Canary Islands Naturetrek Tour Report 6 - 13 March 2009 Indian Red Admiral – Vanessa indica vulcania Canary Islands Cranesbill – Geranium canariense Fuerteventura Sea Daisy – Nauplius sericeus Aeonium urbicum - Tenerife Euphorbia handiensis - Fuerteventura Report compiled by Tony Clarke with images by kind courtesy of Ken Bailey Naturetrek Cheriton Mill Cheriton Alresford Hampshire SO24 0NG England T: +44 (0)1962 733051 F: +44 (0)1962 736426 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk Tour Report The Canary Islands Tour Leader: Tony Clarke (tour leader and naturalist) Tour Participants: Phil Haywood Hazel Haywood Peter Barrett Charles Wade Ken Bailey Day 1 Friday 6th March The arrival time of the group meant that we had enough time to do some birding in the afternoon and so we drove up from the airport, through Vilaflor to the Zona Recreativa de Las Lajas. This is probably the most well known location on Tenerife as it is where most people see their first Blue Chaffinches and we were not to be disappointed. Also at this location we saw the only Great Spotted Woodpecker of the tour plus a few Canaries, a Tenerife Kinglet and a few African Blue Tits. After departing from Las Lajas we continued climbing and entered the Las Cañadas National Park which is a spectacular drive through volcanic scenery. On the drive we encountered quite a few endemic plants including Pinus canariensis and Spartocytisus supranubius that were common and easily recognized and Echium wildpretii, Pterocephalus lasiospermus, Descurainia bourgaeana and Argyranthemum teneriffae which were rather unimpressive as they were not yet flowering but we were compensated by the fabulous views across the ancient caldera. -
Endemism in Recently Diverged Angiosperms Is Associated with Chromosome Set Duplication
Endemism in Recently Diverged Angiosperms Is Associated With Chromosome Set Duplication Sara Villa University of Milan: Universita degli Studi di Milano Matteo Montagna Universita degli Studi di Milano Simon Pierce ( [email protected] ) Università degli Studi di Milano: Universita degli Studi di Milano https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1182- 987X Research Article Keywords: adaptative radiation, apo-endemics, diversity creation, genome doubling, neo-endemism, speciation mechanism Posted Date: June 17th, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-550165/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/22 Abstract Chromosome set duplication (polyploidy) drives instantaneous speciation and shifts in ecology for angiosperms, and is frequently observed in neo-endemic species. However, the extent to which chromosome set duplication is associated with endemism throughout the owering plants has not been determined. We hypothesised that across the angiosperms polyploidy is more frequent and more pronounced (higher evident ploidy levels) for recent endemics. Data on chromosome counts, molecular dating and distribution for 4210 species belonging to the major clades of angiosperms were mined from literature-based databases. As all clades include diploid taxa, with polyploids representing a possible ‘upper limit’ to the number of chromosomes over evolutionary time, upper boundary regression was used to investigate the relationship between the number of chromosomes and time since taxon divergence, both across clades and separately for families, with endemic and non-endemic species compared. A signicant negative exponential relationship between the number of chromosomes and taxon age was 2 evident across angiosperm clades (R adj=0.48 with endemics and non-endemics considered together, 2 2 R adj=0.46 for endemics; R adj=0.44 for non-endemics; p ≤0.0001 in all cases), which was three times stronger for endemics (decay constant=0.12, cf. -
Reconstructing the Deep-Branching Relationships of the Papilionoid Legumes
SAJB-00941; No of Pages 18 South African Journal of Botany xxx (2013) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect South African Journal of Botany journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/sajb Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes D. Cardoso a,⁎, R.T. Pennington b, L.P. de Queiroz a, J.S. Boatwright c, B.-E. Van Wyk d, M.F. Wojciechowski e, M. Lavin f a Herbário da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (HUEFS), Av. Transnordestina, s/n, Novo Horizonte, 44036-900 Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil b Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, EH5 3LR Edinburgh, UK c Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, Modderdam Road, \ Bellville, South Africa d Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 524, 2006 Auckland Park, Johannesburg, South Africa e School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA f Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA article info abstract Available online xxxx Resolving the phylogenetic relationships of the deep nodes of papilionoid legumes (Papilionoideae) is essential to understanding the evolutionary history and diversification of this economically and ecologically important legume Edited by J Van Staden subfamily. The early-branching papilionoids include mostly Neotropical trees traditionally circumscribed in the tribes Sophoreae and Swartzieae. They are more highly diverse in floral morphology than other groups of Keywords: Papilionoideae. For many years, phylogenetic analyses of the Papilionoideae could not clearly resolve the relation- Leguminosae ships of the early-branching lineages due to limited sampling. -
Rbcl and Legume Phylogeny, with Particular Reference to Phaseoleae, Millettieae, and Allies Tadashi Kajita; Hiroyoshi Ohashi; Yoichi Tateishi; C
rbcL and Legume Phylogeny, with Particular Reference to Phaseoleae, Millettieae, and Allies Tadashi Kajita; Hiroyoshi Ohashi; Yoichi Tateishi; C. Donovan Bailey; Jeff J. Doyle Systematic Botany, Vol. 26, No. 3. (Jul. - Sep., 2001), pp. 515-536. Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0363-6445%28200107%2F09%2926%3A3%3C515%3ARALPWP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-C Systematic Botany is currently published by American Society of Plant Taxonomists. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/about/terms.html. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/journals/aspt.html. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. The JSTOR Archive is a trusted digital repository providing for long-term preservation and access to leading academic journals and scholarly literature from around the world. The Archive is supported by libraries, scholarly societies, publishers, and foundations. It is an initiative of JSTOR, a not-for-profit organization with a mission to help the scholarly community take advantage of advances in technology. For more information regarding JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. -
Studies in the Flora of Macaronesia : Some Chromosome Numbers Of
BOTÁNICA MACARONESICA 1 (1976) SrrUDIES IN THE FLORA OF MACARONESIA: SOME CHROMOSOME NUMBERS OF FLOWERING PLANTS By D. BRAMWELL, J. PÉREZ DE PAZ & J. ORTEGA Jardín Botánico Canario «Viera y Clavija» del Excmo. Cabildo Insular de Gran Canaria. Se han determinado el número de cromosomas en 18 especies de fanerógamas de la Maca- ronesia, de los cuales 12 eran desconocidos. El número de cromosomas del género endémico Musschia (Campanulaceae) de Madeira, es comunicado por primera vez, y también se incluyen los primeros cálculos para las plantas de las Islas Salvajes. Se ha notado por vez primera poliploidia intra - específica en Adenocarpus foliolosus. (Leguminosae). CONTENTS Introduction 9 Materials & Methods 10 Observations & Discussion 10 Summary 16 References 16 INTRODUCTION Though there have recently been enormous advances in our knowledge of the karyology of the Macaronesian flora, especially the endemic flora of the Canary Islands (Larsen 1960, 1962, 1963; Borgen 1969, 1970, 1974, 1975; Bramwell et al. 1971, 1972, etc.), there still remain considerable numbers of species whose chromo- some numbers have yet to be determined. The results obtained so far also show that there is a very important need for chromosomal information at the local population level especially in view of the variation in numbers found for individual species by Borgen (1969, 1974), Bramwell et al. (1972) and particularly Gagnieu, Linder & Voggenreiter (1973), indicating the possible occurrence of aneuploidy and dysploidy in some groups. Our understanding of the special evolutionary situations encountered in island floras where vicariance, adaptive radiation and active epibionty have all played a major role in the evolution of local endemic species (BramweU, 1972, 1975; Humphries D. -
Foreign Exploration and Host Specificity Testing of Biological
FOREIGN EXPL ORATION & HOST SPECIFICIT Y TESTING OF BIOLOGICAL CO NTROL AGENTS OF FRENCH BROOM IN CALIFORNIA INTERNATIONAL BROOM INITIATIVE PROJECT 2001-2002 Andy Sheppard Principal Scientist Foreign Exploration & Host Specificity Testing of Biological Control Agents of French Broom in California Final Report 31 January 2002 Andy Sheppard1 Thierry Thomann2 & Sylvie Agret2 1 CSIRO Entomology, GPO Box, 1700 Canberra ACT 2601 2 CSIRO European laboratory, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34980 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France. Executive summary This is the final report on work carried out for the biological control of French broom in California by Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation at its European Laboratory in France in collaboration with the USDA European Biological Control Laboratory. Survey trips have been completed to Tunisia, southern Spain and western Portugal. Available resources limited a full suite of planned trips. Morocco and eastern Mediterranean Turkey are the only countries that still need to be surveyed. A recent study of the taxonomy of Genista suggests Morocco is the key region for undiscovered potential biocontrol agents. Analysis of the results of previous trips is presented including validation of the sampling regime and the impacts of seed feeding insects on the seed production of French broom and close relatives. Insect biology and culture development studies have been completed for the psyllid Arytinnis hakani. This species was found to have 5 nymphal instars and be multi-voltine with a 40-45 day generation time, passing the hot summer months as early instar nymphs. Lepidapion argentatum specificity and taxonomic status is unclear from current literature but a PhD project based around this group has recently obtained funding. -
Effect of Season on Chemical Composition and in Vitro Digestibility of Six Native Forage Shrubs Species Grazed by Goats in Protected Areas in Canary Islands, Spain
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE & BIOLOGY ISSN Print: 1560–8530; ISSN Online: 1814–9596 19–1098/2020/23–1–49–53 DOI: 10.17957/IJAB/15.1256 http://www.fspublishers.org Full Length Article Effect of Season on Chemical Composition and In Vitro Digestibility of Six Native Forage Shrubs Species Grazed by Goats in Protected Areas in Canary Islands, Spain María Pastora Flores1, Ana Belén Robles2, Raúl Rodríguez1, Myriam R. Ventura1 and Francisco P. Caravaca3* 1Departamento de Ciencia Animal. Faculty of Veterinary. University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. 35416 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain 2Group of Grassland and Mediterranean Silvopastoral. Estación Experimental del Zaidín. Spanish Council for Scientific Research (C.S.I.C.). 18008 Granada, Spain 3Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica. Universidad de Sevilla. 41013 Sevilla, Spain *For correspondence: [email protected] Received 05 July 2019; Accepted 29 August 2019; Published 08 January 2020 Abstract Chemical composition (organic matter, crude protein and fiber fractions), in vitro organic matter (OM) digestibility and metabolizable energy (ME) of six native shrubs regularly browsed by goats in a natural protected area in Canary Island has been determined in two seasons (dry and wet) along the year. Means values for each individual species, for wet and dry seasons and for species by season were compared. Chemical composition and in vitro digestibility mean values vary significantly among the six species (Chamaecytisus proliferus subsp. meridionalis, Teline microphylla, Adenocarpus foliolosus, Echium onosmifolium, Echium decaisnei and Dittrichia viscosa). In general, they have a medium to high crude protein (CP) and high fiber contents. A. -
The Canary Islands
The Canary Islands Naturetrek Tour Report 23 February – 2 March 2019 Canary Bellflower by Jessica Turner Mount Teide by Andrew Bray Euphorbia atropururea by Jessica Turner Barbary Partridge by Andrew Bray Report and images by Jessica Turner and Andrew Bray Naturetrek Mingledown Barn Wolf's Lane Chawton Alton Hampshire GU34 3HJ UK T: +44 (0)1962 733051 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk Tour Report The Canary Islands Tour participants: Andrew Bray and Jessica Turner (leaders) together with 16 Naturetrek clients Summary The Canary Islands may be well-known as a general tourist destination, but they contain a wealth of natural treasures, and we were fortunate to experience many of them. Their isolation has given rise to many endemic species and subspecies, of which the great views of Tenerife Blue Chaffinch in perfect light were a highlight for many. We marvelled over the flora, so different to that of mainland Europe, and enjoyed the various species of lizards, plus the butterflies and other invertebrates we encountered. The day on La Gomera was a delight, not least for the numbers of Cory’s Shearwaters, whales and dolphins, plus the White-faced Storm Petrels we encountered. Lovely weather with plenty of sunshine, comfortable accommodation, good food and great company all made for an excellent week. Day 1 Saturday 23rd February Fly to Tenerife South – La Chafiras – Road to Vilaflor Fifteen tour group members met with Andrew and Jessica at Gatwick’s North Terminal for the 6.50am Easyjet flight to Tenerife South Airport. After a bit of a delay due to fog at Gatwick, we landed on the island at around 12.15pm, meeting up with our last group member, who had arrived on the island the previous day.