The Tachinid Times
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Tachinid (Diptera: Tachinidae) Parasitoid Diversity and Temporal Abundance at a Single Site in the Northeastern United States Author(S): Diego J
Tachinid (Diptera: Tachinidae) Parasitoid Diversity and Temporal Abundance at a Single Site in the Northeastern United States Author(s): Diego J. Inclan and John O. Stireman, III Source: Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 104(2):287-296. Published By: Entomological Society of America https://doi.org/10.1603/AN10047 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/AN10047 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY Tachinid (Diptera: Tachinidae) Parasitoid Diversity and Temporal Abundance at a Single Site in the Northeastern United States 1 DIEGO J. INCLAN AND JOHN O. STIREMAN, III Department of Biological Sciences, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, 235A, BH, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435 Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 104(2): 287Ð296 (2011); DOI: 10.1603/AN10047 ABSTRACT Although tachinids are one of the most diverse families of Diptera and represent the largest group of nonhymenopteran parasitoids, their local diversity and distribution patterns of most species in the family are poorly known. -
£Arasites Associated with Lepidopterous Pests of Alfalfa in .Qklahoma
£ARASITES ASSOCIATED WITH LEPIDOPTEROUS PESTS OF ALFALFA IN .QKLAHOMA By KATHLEEN MARY SENST I' Bachelor of Arts Wartburg College Waverly, Iowa 1974 Master of Science Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma 1978 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY July, 1982 PARASITES ASSOCIATED WITH LEPIDOPTEROUS PESTS OF ALFALFA IN OKLAHOMA Thesis Approved: . ~ \ . ii 1143730 j ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I w.isb. to expres.s. my deep appreciation to my major adviser, Dr. Ricb.ard Berberet, for hi:s willi.ngness. to advise and help, and for his friendsb.i.p duri.ng thi:s: s:tudy and preparation of this manuscript. Appreciation is. expressed to Ors. Ray Eikenbary, Jerry Young, Robert Burton, and John Caddel for serving as members of my graduate committee, and to Or. Ron McNeu for his help in analyzing the data. Thanks. are extended to Mary Hininger, Melinda Davis, Donna Ridge, Phoebe Courtney, and Debbie Lauchner for their assistance in the lab oratory, and to Doug Sander and Kevin Mussett for their assistance in the fi.el d. Special thanks goes to Ms. Anne Hunt for clerical review and typing of this manuscript. My most sincere appreciation is reserved for my husband, John (Soteres}, for his encouragement, understanding, and patience while I was completing this work. I share the credit for this work with my family, whose love and support have been a constant source of encourage ment in my life. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page I. GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 II. -
Phylogenetic Relationships of Tachinid Flies in Subfamily Exoristinae Tachinidae: Diptera) Based on 28S Rdna and Elongation Factor-1A
Systematic Entomology *2002) 27,409±435 Phylogenetic relationships of tachinid flies in subfamily Exoristinae Tachinidae: Diptera) based on 28S rDNA and elongation factor-1a JOHN O. STIREMAN III Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology,University of Arizona,Tucson,U.S.A. Abstract. The phylogenetic relationships within the largest subfamily of Tachi- nidae,Exoristinae,were explored using nucleotide sequences of two genes *EF-1 a and 28S rDNA). A total of fifty-five and forty-three taxa were represented in the analyses for each gene,respectively,representing forty-three genera. Neighbour joining,parsimony and maximum likelihood inference methods were employed to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships in separate analyses of each gene,and parsimony was used to analyse the combined dataset. Although certain taxa were highly mobile,phylogenetic reconstructions generally supported recent clas- sification schemes based on reproductive habits and genitalia. Generally,the monophyly of Tachinidae and Exoristinae was supported. Tribes Winthemiini, Exoristini and Blondeliini were repeatedly constructed as monophyletic groups, with the former two clades often occupying a basal position among Exoristinae. Goniini and Eryciini generally clustered together as a derived clade within Exoristinae; however,they were never reconstructed as two distinct clades. These results suggest that the possession of unembryonated eggs is plesiomorphic within the subfamily and that there may have been multiple transitions between micro- type and macrotype egg forms. Introduction 1987; Williams et al.,1990; Eggleton & Belshaw,1993), and the wide variety of mechanisms by which they attack Tachinidae is generally regarded as a relatively recent, them *O'Hara,1985). These oviposition strategies include actively radiating clade of parasitic flies *Crosskey,1976). -
No Slide Title
Tachinidae: The “other” parasitoids Diego Inclán University of Padova Outline • Briefly (re-) introduce parasitoids & the parasitoid lifestyle • Quick survey of dipteran parasitoids • Introduce you to tachinid flies • major groups • oviposition strategies • host associations • host range… • Discuss role of tachinids in biological control Parasite vs. parasitoid Parasite Life cycle of a parasitoid Alien (1979) Life cycle of a parasitoid Parasite vs. parasitoid Parasite Parasitoid does not kill the host kill its host Insects life cycles Life cycle of a parasitoid Some facts about parasitoids • Parasitoids are diverse (15-25% of all insect species) • Hosts of parasitoids = virtually all terrestrial insects • Parasitoids are among the dominant natural enemies of phytophagous insects (e.g., crop pests) • Offer model systems for understanding community structure, coevolution & evolutionary diversification Distribution/frequency of parasitoids among insect orders Primary groups of parasitoids Diptera (flies) ca. 20% of parasitoids Hymenoptera (wasps) ca. 70% of parasitoids Described Family Primary hosts Diptera parasitoid sp Sciomyzidae 200? Gastropods: (snails/slugs) Nemestrinidae 300 Orth.: Acrididae Bombyliidae 5000 primarily Hym., Col., Dip. Pipunculidae 1000 Hom.:Auchenorrycha Conopidae 800 Hym:Aculeata Lep., Orth., Hom., Col., Sarcophagidae 1250? Gastropoda + others Lep., Hym., Col., Hem., Tachinidae > 8500 Dip., + many others Pyrgotidae 350 Col:Scarabaeidae Acroceridae 500 Arach.:Aranea Hym., Dip., Col., Lep., Phoridae 400?? Isop.,Diplopoda -
Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology: A
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of September 2005 Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology: A Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti University of California-Davis Armand R. Maggenti University of California, Davis Scott Lyell Gardner University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/onlinedictinvertzoology Part of the Zoology Commons Maggenti, Mary Ann Basinger; Maggenti, Armand R.; and Gardner, Scott Lyell, "Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology: A" (2005). Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology. 16. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/onlinedictinvertzoology/16 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology 2 abdominal filament see cercus A abdominal ganglia (ARTHRO) Ganglia of the ventral nerve cord that innervate the abdomen, each giving off a pair of principal nerves to the muscles of the segment; located between the alimentary canal and the large ventral mus- cles. abactinal a. [L. ab, from; Gr. aktis, ray] (ECHINOD) Of or per- taining to the area of the body without tube feet that nor- abdominal process (ARTHRO: Crustacea) In Branchiopoda, mally does not include the madreporite; not situated on the fingerlike projections on the dorsal surface of the abdomen. ambulacral area; abambulacral. abactinally adv. abdominal somite (ARTHRO: Crustacea) Any single division of abambulacral see abactinal the body between the thorax and telson; a pleomere; a pleonite. -
Pacific Entomologist 1925-1966
RECOLLEcnONS OF A Pacific Entomologist 1925-1966 WITH PHOTOGRAPHS BY THE AUTHOR R.W. Paine Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research Canberra 1994 The Australian Centre for Intemational Agricultural Research (ACIAR) was established in June 1982 by an Act of Ihe Australian Parliament. lis primary mandate is 10 help identify agricultural problems in developing countries and to commission collaborative research between Australian and developing country researchers in fields where Australia has special competence. Where trade names ore used this does not constitute endorsement of nar discrimination against any product by the Centre. This peer-reviewed series contains the results of original research supported by ACIAR, or malerial deemed relevant 10 ACIAR's research and development objectives. The series is distributed intemationally, with an emphasis on developing countries. © Australian Centre for Intemational Agricultural Research GPO Box 157 t Conberra, Australia 2601 . Paine, R.w. 1994. Recollections of a Pacific Entomologist 1925 - 1966. ACIAR Monograph No 27. 120pp. ISBN 1 86320 106 8 Technical editing and production: Arowang Information Bureau Ply Ltd. Canberra Cover: BPD Graphic Associates, Canberra in association with Arawang Information Bureau Ply Lld Printed by The Craftsman Press Ply Ltd. Burwood, Victoria. ACIAR acknowledges the generous support of tihe Paine family in the compilation of this book. Long before agricultural 1920s was already at the Foreword sustainability entered forefront of world biological common parlance, or hazards control activities. Many of the associated with misuse of projects studied by Ron Paine pesticides captured headlines, and his colleagues are touched environmentally friendly on in his delightful and biological control of introduced evocative reminiscences. -
Diptera: Oestroidea) Magdi S
El-Hawagry Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control (2018) 28:46 Egyptian Journal of https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-018-0042-3 Biological Pest Control RESEARCH Open Access Catalogue of the Tachinidae of Egypt (Diptera: Oestroidea) Magdi S. El-Hawagry Abstract Tachinid flies are an important group of parasitoids in their larval stage, and all their hosts are of the Arthropoda, almost exclusively other insects, including important insect pests in agriculture and forestry. All known Egyptian taxa of the family Tachinidae are systematically catalogued. Synonymies, type localities, type depositories, world distributions by biogeographic realm(s) and country, Egyptian localities, and dates of collection are provided. A total of 72 tachinid species belonging to 42 genera, 15 tribes, and 4 subfamilies has been treated. Keywords: Tachinid flies, Egyptian taxa, World distribution, Egyptian localities, Dates of collection Background agriculture and forestry. They typically parasitize phytopha- Tachinidae are a large and cosmopolitan family of flies gous larvae of Lepidoptera and Coleoptera or nymphs of within the superfamily Oestroidea. It is the second largest Hemiptera and Orthoptera. Consequently, tachinid flies family in the order Diptera (Irwin et al. 2003), with some have been successfully applied in programs of biological 1500 recognized genera (O’Hara 2016) and more than control against different insect pests (Stireman et al. 2006; 8500 described species (O’Hara 2013) worldwide. How- O’Hara 2008 and Cerretti and Tschorsnig 2010). ever, the estimated true diversity of the family is probably No comprehensive taxonomic studies on the family double the number of the currently known species, mak- Tachinidae have been carried out in Egypt before. -
Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring Within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘I: Synthesis Report
Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘i: Synthesis Report Prepared by Francis G. Howarth, David J. Preston, and Richard Pyle Honolulu, Hawaii January 2012 Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘i: Synthesis Report Francis G. Howarth, David J. Preston, and Richard Pyle Hawaii Biological Survey Bishop Museum Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817 USA Prepared for EKNA Services Inc. 615 Pi‘ikoi Street, Suite 300 Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96814 and State of Hawaii, Department of Transportation, Airports Division Bishop Museum Technical Report 58 Honolulu, Hawaii January 2012 Bishop Museum Press 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai‘i Copyright 2012 Bishop Museum All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America ISSN 1085-455X Contribution No. 2012 001 to the Hawaii Biological Survey COVER Adult male Hawaiian long-horned wood-borer, Plagithmysus kahului, on its host plant Chenopodium oahuense. This species is endemic to lowland Maui and was discovered during the arthropod surveys. Photograph by Forest and Kim Starr, Makawao, Maui. Used with permission. Hawaii Biological Report on Monitoring Arthropods within Kahului Airport Environs, Synthesis TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents …………….......................................................……………...........……………..…..….i. Executive Summary …….....................................................…………………...........……………..…..….1 Introduction ..................................................................………………………...........……………..…..….4 -
View the PDF File of the Tachinid Times, Issue 12
The Tachinid Times ISSUE 12 February 1999 Jim O’Hara, editor Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Biological Resources Program Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre C.E.F., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0C6 Correspondence: [email protected] The Tachinid Times began in 1988 when personal Evolution of Egg Structure in Tachinidae (by S.P. computers were gaining in popularity, yet before the Gaponov) advent of e-mail and the World Wide Web. A newsletter Using a scanning electron microscope I investigated distributed through the mail seemed like a useful the egg structure of 114 species of Tachinidae. The endeavour to foster greater awareness about the work of research was focused on the peculiarities of the egg others among researchers interested in the Tachinidae. surface and the structure of the aeropylar area. Data on Now, eleven years later, despite the speed and the method of egg-laying, the structure of the female convenience of e-mail and other advanced modes of reproductive system and the host range were also taken communication, this newsletter still seems to hold a place into consideration. Since any kind of adaptation is a in the distribution of news about the Tachinidae. If there result of evolution and every stage of ontogenesis, is sufficient interest - and submissions - over the course including the egg stage, is adapted to some specific of the next year, then another issue will appear in environmental conditions, each stage of ontogenesis February of the new millennium. As always, please send evolved more or less independently. The development of me your news for inclusion in the newsletter before the provisionary devices (coenogenetic adaptations) and their end of next January. -
Molecular Identification of a Parasitic
& Herpeto gy lo lo gy o : h C it u n r r r e O n , t y R g e o l Entomology, Ornithology & s o e a m r o c t Guerra et al, Entomol Ornithol Herpetol 2014, 3:3 h n E DOI: 10.4172/2161-0983.1000131 ISSN: 2161-0983 Herpetology: Current Research Short Communication Open Access Molecular Identification of a Parasitic Fly (Diptera: Tachinidae) from the Introduced Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Brazil Guerra WD1, Guerra ALLD2, Ribas LN3, Gonçalves RM4 and Mastrangelo T4* 1Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, Federal Agricultural Superintendence in Mato Grosso, 78115-000, Brazil 2Federal University of Mato Grosso, 78060-900, Brazil 3Associação dos Produtores de Soja e Milho do Mato Grosso (Aprosoja), 78049-908, Brazil 4 Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, State University of Campinas, 13083-875, Brazil *Corresponding author: Thiago Mastrangelo, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Candido Rondon 400, 13083-875, Campinas, SP, Brazil, Tel: +55 19 3521 1141; E-mail: [email protected] Rec date: June 24, 2014;Acc date: June 26, 2014;Pub date: Jul 13, 2014 Copyright: © 2014 Guerra WD, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract The African cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was detected in Brazil, triggering a major phytosanitary crisis during the 2012/2013 harvest. Despite its recent introduction, larvae were found being parasitized by indigenous dipterans with estimated parasitism rates even higher than 30% at some localities. -
Insect Egg Size and Shape Evolve with Ecology but Not Developmental Rate Samuel H
ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1302-4 Insect egg size and shape evolve with ecology but not developmental rate Samuel H. Church1,4*, Seth Donoughe1,3,4, Bruno A. S. de Medeiros1 & Cassandra G. Extavour1,2* Over the course of evolution, organism size has diversified markedly. Changes in size are thought to have occurred because of developmental, morphological and/or ecological pressures. To perform phylogenetic tests of the potential effects of these pressures, here we generated a dataset of more than ten thousand descriptions of insect eggs, and combined these with genetic and life-history datasets. We show that, across eight orders of magnitude of variation in egg volume, the relationship between size and shape itself evolves, such that previously predicted global patterns of scaling do not adequately explain the diversity in egg shapes. We show that egg size is not correlated with developmental rate and that, for many insects, egg size is not correlated with adult body size. Instead, we find that the evolution of parasitoidism and aquatic oviposition help to explain the diversification in the size and shape of insect eggs. Our study suggests that where eggs are laid, rather than universal allometric constants, underlies the evolution of insect egg size and shape. Size is a fundamental factor in many biological processes. The size of an 526 families and every currently described extant hexapod order24 organism may affect interactions both with other organisms and with (Fig. 1a and Supplementary Fig. 1). We combined this dataset with the environment1,2, it scales with features of morphology and physi- backbone hexapod phylogenies25,26 that we enriched to include taxa ology3, and larger animals often have higher fitness4. -
Natural History of the Gila Symposium October 14–16, 2010 Western New Mexico University Silver City, New Mexico
the new mexico botanist Special Issue Number 3 October 2012 proceedings of the third Natural History of the Gila Symposium October 14–16, 2010 Western New Mexico University Silver City, New Mexico edited by William Norris Department of Natural Sciences, Western New Mexico University Richard Felger University of Arizona Herbarium and Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona 2012 Proceedings of the Third Natural History of the Gila Symposium, October 2010 / The New Mexico Botanist, Special Issue No. 3, October 2012 Contents Introduction .................................................................................................. 1 Some Things Going On in the Gila National Forest That You May Find Interesting Richard Markley .............................................................................................. 2 For Birds: Dale and Marian Zimmerman Gene Jercinovic ............................................................................................... 6 Visions of Dulcinea Mike Fugagli .................................................................................................15 Box Canyon Road Sharman Apt Russell ........................................................................................17 Exploring the Late Prehistoric Occupation of the Upper Gila Region Through Preservation Archaeology Katherine Dungan, Deborah Huntley, Jeffery Clark, Robert Jones, and Andrew Laurenzi ..............20 Review of Tachinid Fly Diversity in the Gila National Forest, New Mexico James E.